La investigacin presentada en esta tesis se llev a cabo en el Laboratorio de Ingeniera Trmica de la Universidad de Twente, en los Pases Bajos Energy

Research Foundation ECN. UTILIZATION OF NATURAL GAS, OPTIMIZATION OF COGENERATION/ COMBINED CYCLE APPLICATIONS IN CAMPUS ENVIRONMENT A computer program, called Cogeneration Design" is developed using Visual Basic 6.0, for conceptually designing cogeneration power plants. Design is focused on power plants to be built in university campuses, where there is mainly heating, hot water, electricity and sometimes cooling demands. Middle East Technical University campus is considered as the primary working area. Before the conceptual design study, detailed information regarding description of the campus, infrastructure, annual electric, water and heat demand covering last 10 years, properties of existing heat plant including natural gas expenses and specifications of the steam distribution pipes and electricity grid are collected and examined in detail. Throughout the thesis, eight different natural gas fired cogeneration power plant designs are developed regarding different gas turbine and steam turbine configurations, for METU Campus, considering the Campus' properties described above, by using the "Cogeneration Design" program. Then, by means of a thermoeconomic optimization process, cost summary reports are prepared and the feasibility of the designed cogeneration power plants are discussed.

1.1.1.3 Cogeneration Power Cycle If the exhaust heat is used to produce hot water or steam for any purpose, or cold water/ice on site, the system is referred to as a cogeneration plant or CHP. In other words, with a cogeneration plant design exhaust gases are not allowed to escape until excess thermal energy has been recovered, this means, the "waste" heat that would be "lost up the stack" is captured. A unique type of heat exchanger or heat recovery - high temperature water heater (HR-HTWH) is placed in line with the exhaust of a gas turbine, producing significant amounts of high temperature water (or steam) by using the hot exhaust gases in place 8 of a boiler flame. Commercially

available natural gas, which is mainly methane and mercaptan, is typically used as the primary fuel source. 1.1.1.3 Cogeneracin de Ciclo de encendido Si se utiliza el calor de escape para producir agua caliente o vapor para cualquier propsito, o fro agua / hielo en el lugar, el sistema se conoce como una planta de cogeneracin o cogeneracin. En otra es decir, con una planta de cogeneracin de gases de escape de diseo no se les permite escapar hasta exceso de energa trmica se ha recuperado, esto significa, que el calor "residuos" que sera "perdi la pila" es capturado. Un nico tipo de intercambiador de calor o de recuperacin de calor - alta temperatura del calentador de agua (HR-HTWH) se coloca en lnea con el tubo de escape de una turbina de gas, produccin significativa cantidades de agua a alta temperatura (o vapor de agua) mediante el uso de los gases de escape calientes en lugar de una llama de la caldera. Gas natural disponible en el mercado, que es principalmente metano y mercaptano, se utiliza tpicamente como la fuente primaria de combustible.

El uso de gas natural de combustin limpia, junto con la eficiencia inherente a un diseo de cogeneracin, se obtiene una planta de energa independiente que produce electricidad y el agua caliente o vapor de agua a alta eficiencia mientras que produce emisiones insignificantes.