PR AQ 08 Aqueduct Pier

DIMENSIONS OF PIER
Abutment Type
Super Structure Type
Case I
B2
B5
AQ 36A
Aqueduct
Case II
B2
W2
W5
W2
Hrh
Hrb
H5
H6
HT
H1
Ho
B3
H2
W3
hw
B5
B4
W4
B4
B6
B6
W5
W4
W6
ho
W6
H3
H4
WT
BT
1 Input
1) Dimensions (unit: m)
HT
3.60
Ho
2.20
H1
2.80
H2
2.40
H3
0.20
H4
0.60
B2
0.30
B3
0.30
B4
1.10
B5
0.40
B6
0.00
BT
2.60
W2
0.40
W3
0.30
W4
0.60
W5
1.80
W6
0.15
WT
3.00
2) Design parameters
Unit Weight
Soil
Soil saturated
Concrete
water
1,700
1,900
2,400
1,000
Internal friction angle (degree) f

Friction Coefficient =Tan f b =
Young Modulus (reinforcement bar)

Young Modulus ratio
Number of barrel
hw
1.00
Hrh
0.20
Vn=Rd+Rl 42.31 ton

Ve=Rd
42.31 ton
He=
7.62 ton
Type of bearing
left
Fixed
right
Movable
(Input Fixed or Movable)
Surcharge Load
0 kg/m2
Load per m
0 ton/m
( max.
( max.
Hrb
0.20
Reaction
Normal
Seismic
kg/m3
kg/m3
kg/m3
kg/m3
11.76 tf/m2 (normal)

17.64 tf/m2 (seismic))
Horizontal seismic coefficient

kh : for earth
for structure
ho
0.00
H6
0.20
30 degree
0.5
Allowale bearing capacity Qa
Concrete Design Strength

Creep strain coefficient (concrete)
Reinforcement concrete
Allowable stress
Concrete
Re-bar
Shearing
Yielding Point of reinforcement Bar
H5
0.40
(normal, left + right)

(seismic, left + right)
(He=2 kh Rd, for fixed + fixed)
(He= kh Rd, for fixed + movable
or movable + movable)
30.0 t/m2 for soil foundation)

0.18
0.18
sc =
kgf / cm2
Normal condition
175
0.0035
Seismic condition
175
0.0035
scs =
ssa =
ta =
kgf / cm2
kgf / cm2
kgf / cm2
60
1400
5.5
90
2100
8.25
ssy =
kgf / cm2
3000
2,100,000
24
3000
2,100,000
16
1/30
215888701.xls.ms_office, Input
Check
2.1 Stability analysis
Overturning
Sliding
Case I, II
Normal condition
-
Sinking
Qmax =
Qmax < Qa
Qa =
7.29
OK
11.76
Case I (parallel to bridge axis)

Case II (perpendicular to bridge axis)
Seismic condition
e= 0.539 m
e= 0.566 m
BT/3= 0.867 m
BT/3= 1.000 m
e < (BT/3)
e < (BT/3)
OK
OK
Fs=Hu/H 3.20
Fs=Hu/H
3.20
Fs > 1.25
Fs > 1.25
OK
OK
Qmax = 16.60 t/m2
Qmax = 15.60 t/m2
Qmax < Qa OK
Qmax < Qa OK
Qa = 17.64 t/m2
Qa = 17.64 t/m2
2.2 Structural analysis

(1) Body
Normal
Seismic
Bar arrangement
Tensile bar

Normal
Seismic
f (mm)
spacing (mm)
As1 (cm2)
f (mm)
(vertical)
spacing (mm)
As (cm2)
f (mm)
(horizontal)
interval (mm)
Max interval (mm)
25
250
7.85
25
250
7.85
25
250
7.85
25
250
7.85
16
200
300
25
125
67.15
25
125
67.15
25
125
67.15
25
125
67.15
16
200
300
Effective width (whole width) (cm)

Concrete cover (cm)
Effective height (cm)
Design load
Mf (t m)
Nd (t)
S (t)
Checking of minimum reinforcement bar
1.7 Mf < Mc ? If no, check Mu
Mu > Mc ?
Required bar (cm2)
Checking of allowable stress
sc
Compressive stress
kgf/cm2
ss
Bending stress
kgf/cm2
ss'
kgf/cm2
tm
Mean shearing stress
kgf/cm2
40.0
10.0
161.0
0.0
49.2
0.0
40.0
10.0
161.0
23.5
49.2
8.9
171.0
10.0
30.0
0.0
49.2
0.0
171.0
10.0
30.0
25.1
49.2
8.9
ok
ok
ok
check Mu
ok
48.6
Compressive bar
Hoop bar
(vertical)
Design dimensions
0.0
0.0 ok
0.0 ok
0.0 ok
2/30
-3.7
19.4
97.0
285.6
1.5
0.0
ok
ok
ok
ok
0.0 ok
0.0 ok
0.0 ok
74.7
1,143.4
416.2
2.1
ok
ok
ok
ok
(2) Footing
Normal
Seismic
Lower Upper Lower Upper
Bar arrangement
Upper face
Lower face
f (mm)
spacing (mm)
As5 (cm2, >As7/3)
f (mm)
(additional bar)
spacing (mm)
As6 (cm2, >As5/2 and As8/3)
f (mm)
(tensile bar)
spacing (mm)
As7 (cm2)
f (mm)
(additional bar)
spacing (mm)
As8 (cm2, >As7/2)
(tensile bar)
22
300
32.94
22
300
32.94
16
16
300
ok
300
ok
17.43 >=11.7
17.43 >=11.7
16
16
300
ok
300
ok
17.43 >=11.7
17.43 >=11.7
22
300
32.94
22
ok
300
ok
>=16.5
32.94 >=16.5

Normal
Seismic
Lower Upper Lower Upper
22
300
38.01
22
300
38.01
16
16
300
ok
300
ok
20.11 >=13.5
20.11 >=13.5
16
16
300
ok
300
ok
20.11 >=13.5
20.11 >=13.5
22
300
38.01
22
ok
300
ok
>=19.0
38.01 >=19.0
Design dimensions
Effective width (whole width) (cm)
260
Concrete cover (cm)
15
65
Design load
Mf
17.4
Nd
0.0
S
31.5
ok
Mu > Mc ?
Required bar (cm2) 22.95
sc
Compressive stress
kgf/cm2
13.2
ok
ss
Bending stress
kgf/cm2
888.3
ok
tm
kgf/cm2
2.04
ok
260
6
74
12.2
0.0
22.4
260
15
65
35.8
0.0
58.3
260
6
74
12.2
0.0
22.4
300
15
65
14.2
0.0
25.1
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
14.22
30.34
9.11
18.74
1.18
5.94
0.76
9.8
ok
1012.5
ok
1.21
ok
31.9
ok
1804.4
ok
3.73
ok
11.6
ok
1001.3
ok
1.23
ok
9.3
ok
628.7
ok
1.41
ok
300
6
74
1.0
0.0
3.2
0.7
ok
72.9
ok
0.15
ok
300
15
65
7.0
0.0
22.5
5.4
ok
306.1
ok
1.25
ok
300
6
74
1.0
0.0
3.2
0.8
ok
72.1
ok
0.15
ok
(3) Beam
Upper
Bar arrangement
Upper face
or rigth face
Lower face
or left face
(tensile bar)
(additional bar)
f (mm)
spacing (mm)
As (cm2)
f (mm)
spacing (mm)
As (cm2)
19
250
11.34
19
250
11.34
Side
(both)
12
250
2.71
12
250
2.71
Design dimensions
Effective width(cm)
100
Concrete cover (cm)
7
53
Design load
Mf
5.2
Nd
0.0
S
21.7
ok
Mu > Mc ?
Required bar (cm2)
8.41
sc
Compressive stress
kgf/cm2
14.9 ok
ss
Bending stress
kgf/cm2
949.5 ok
tm
kgf/cm2
4.5 ok
Stirrup If shearing stress is not sufficient, put stirrup or increase thickness of concrete.
f (mm)
12
spacing (mm)
250
As (cm2)
4.52
3/30
60
7
93
0.9
0.0
3.9
ok
0.86
2.7 ok
388.2 ok
0.7 ok
1. WEIGHT OF ABUTMENT AND MOMENT

1) Dimensions (unit: m)
HT
3.60
Ho
2.20
H1
2.80
H2
2.40
H3
0.20
H4
0.60
B2
0.30
B3
0.30
B4
1.10
B5
0.40
B6
0.00
BT
2.60
W2
0.40
W3
0.30
W4
0.60
W5
1.80
W6
0.15
WT
3.00
2) Design parameters
Unit Weight
Soil
Soil under water
Concrete
water
Internal friction angle (degree) f
1,700
1,900
2,400
1,000
30.00
0.50
11.76
17.64
Horizontal seismic coefficient

kh : for earth
for structure
H5
0.40
H6
0.20
ho
0.00
Reaction
Normal
Seismic
kg/m3
kg/m3
kg/m3
kg/m3
degree
Vn=Rd+Rl
Ve=Rd
He=
Surcharge Load
Load per m
tf/m2
tf/m2
( max.
( max.
42.31
42.31
7.62
0.00
0.00
Hrh
0.20
Hrb
0.20
ton (normal)
ton (seismic))
ton (Superstructure x kh)
kg/m2
ton/m

0.18
0.18
1.00
0.30
hw
1.00
2.60
0.40
0.30
0.40
1.80
0.40
0.2
0.40
1
2
0.20
3.60
0.30
0.30
2.20
2.80
2.40
1.00
1.10
0.00
6
7
0.20
0.40
1.10
0.60
0.00
0.00
1.80
0.15
0.60
0.15
y=o
0.40
2.10
0.60
2.60
3.00
(1) Weigh and center

Volum
No.
m3
Body
1
2
3
4
5
Total
Soil
6
7
Total
G. Total
1.04
0.32
1.51
0.80
4.68
8.34
0.00
0.76
0.76
9.10
unit
weight
t/m3
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
1.90
1.90
Vertical
Load
t
2.5
0.8
3.6
1.9
11.2
20.0
0.0
1.4
1.4
21.5
Distance
Y
m
2.600
2.319
1.100
Moment
WY
t.m/m
6.5
1.8
4.0
12.2
0.0
12.2
(2) Inertia force H

H = (Total weight of 1 to 3) x kh
=
6.87
x
0.18 =
1.24 tf
Center y
y=
12.23
6.87 =
1.78 m
0.80
1.78 =
2.58 m
4/30
215888701.xls.ms_office, Stability
(3) Dynamic water pressure

b/h=
1.80
/
2.20
=
0.81818
<
2.00
Dynamic water pressure P
P=
3 / 8 x Kh x Wo x b x h2 ; (b/h> 2.0),
3/4 kh Wo b2 h (1-b/4h)
=
0.75
x
0.18
x
1
x
0.16
h/2 =
0.5 m
y=
0.5
+
0.80
=
1.30 m
; (b/h < 2.0)

x
1.00
0.900
0.02
tf
(4) Buoyancy u
Volume under water level Vo (body)
Vo =
6.24
+
0.69
6.93 m3
LOAD AND MOMENT

Case I-2
Case II-2
R
H
0.2
STABILITY ANALYSIS
Case I-1
Normal Condition
1 Moment and Acting Point
Description
Body
Soil
Reaction (bridge)
Buoyancy u
Total
V Load
V (t)
20.0
1.4
42.3
-6.9 (100%)
56.9
1.1 Sinking (Bearing capacity)

Reaction from the Foundation
Q max(min) =
11.76 tf/m2
V
WT BT
Fondation Reaction Q
Q =
7.29 tf/m2
Case I-2
Q is smaller than Qa? OK
Seismic Condition
Description
Body
Soil
Reaction (bridge)
Dynamic water pressure
Buoyancy (100%)
S
V Load HLoad
V (t)
H (t)
20.02
1.24
1.45
42.31
7.62
0.02
-6.93
56.9
8.9
Distance (m)
X
Y
1.300
2.579
1.300
1.300
3.600
1.300
1.300
5/30
Moment (t.m)
Mx
My
26.0
3.2
1.9
55.0
27.4
0.0
-9.0
73.9
30.6
Combined Acting Point

Xo=(SMx-SMy)/SV
0.761 m
Eccentric Distance
e=(BT/2-Xo)
0.539 m
Bending Moment M =SV x e
30.64 t.m
2 Stability Analysis
2.1 Over Turnng
e<=(BT/3)
e=
BT/3=
BT/6=
0.539 m
0.867 m
0.433 m
2.2 Sliding
Shearing registance force at base
Hu=V . Tan f b
Safety Rate anaginst sliding
Fs=Hu/H
BT/3 is larger than e?
OK
0.5
e
V
28.43 tf
3.203
Fs is larger than 1.25 ?
OK
Q min
Q max
BT
17.64 tf/m2
e > BT/6 ?
in case e<BT/6
in case e>BT/6
V
6M X=3(BT/2-e) =
2.283 m
2
BT
WT BT Foundation Reaction Qe
Maximiun FondationWT
Reaction
Q max
Q max(min) =
Q max =
16.355 tf/m2
Q=2V/(WT.X)=
e
V
16.602 tf/m2
Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max

Q min =
-1.777 tf/m2
X
Qmax is smaller than Qa? OK
Qe is smaller than Qa? OK
BT
Therefore
Qmax =
16.602 tf/m2
Qmin =
0.000 tf/m2
X=
2.283 m
Case 2-2
Seismic Condition
Description
Body
Soil
Reaction (bridge)
Dynamic water pressure
Buoyancy (100%)
S
2 Stability Analysis
2.1 Over Turnng
e<=(WT/3)
V Load HLoad
V (t)
H (t)
20.0
1.2
1.4
42.3
7.6
0.0
-6.9
56.9
8.9
e=
WT/3=
WT/6=
Distance (m)
X
Y
1.500
2.579
1.500
1.500
3.800
1.300
1.500
0.566
1.000
0.500
2.2 Sliding
Shearing resistance force at base
Hu=V . Tan f b
Safety Rate against sliding
Fs=Hu/H
Allowable bearing capacity Qa
Moment (t.m)
Mx
My
30.0
3.2
2.2
63.5
28.9
0.0
-10.4
85.3
32.2
WT/3 is larger than e?
Combined Acting Point

Xo=(SMx-SMy)/SV
0.934 m
Eccentric Distance
e=(WT/2-Xo)
0.566 m
Bending Moment M =SV x e
32.17 t.m
OK
0.5
e
V
28.43
3.203
Fs is larger than 1.25 ?
OK
Q min
Q max
WT
17.64 tf/m2
e > WT/6 ?
in case e<WT/6
in case e>WT/6
V
6M X=3(WT/2-e) =
2.803 m
2
BT
WT
Maximum Foundation Reaction Q max BT WT Foundation Reaction Qe
Qmax(min) =
Q max =
15.537 tf/m2
Q=2V/(BT.X)=
e
V
15.604 tf/m2
Minimum Foundation Reaction Q max

Q min =
-0.958 tf/m2
Q
X
Qmax is smaller than Qa? OK
Qe is smaller than Qa? OK

Therefore
Qmax =
15.604 tf/m2
Qmin =
0.000 tf/m2
X=
2.803 m
6/30
WT
Bearing Capacity of soil

(1) Design Data
fB
B
=
=
30.00 o
2.60 m
cB
z
=
=
t/m2
m
0.00
0.80
gs '
L
=
=
0.90
3.00
t/m3
m
(=gsat-gw)
(2) Ultimate Bearing Capacity of soil, (qu)

Calculation of ultimate bearing capacity will be obtained by appliying the following
Terzaghi's formula :
qu
a c Nc + gs' z Nq + b gs' B Ng
Shape factor (Table 2.5 of KP-06)
a
1.27
Shape of footing
0.40
rectangular, B x L
a
1.00
1.30
1.27
(= 1.09 + 0.21 B/L)
(= 1.09 + 0.21 L/B)
1.30
Shape of footing
1 strip
2 square
3 rectangular, B x L
(B < L)
(B > L)
4 circular, diameter = B
b
0.50
0.40
0.40
0.30
Bearing capacity factor (Figure 2.3 of KP-06, by Capper)

Nc
36.0
Nq
Nc
5.7
7.0
9.0
12.0
17.0
24.0
36.0
57.0
70.0
82.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
37
39 >
a c Nc
gs' z Nq
b gs' B Ng
qu
=
=
=
23.0
Nq
0.0
1.4
2.7
4.5
7.5
13.0
23.0
44.0
50.0
50.0
Ng
20.0
Ng
0.0
0.0
0.2
2.3
4.7
9.5
20.0
41.0
55.0
73.0
0.000
16.560
18.720
2
35.280 t/m
(3) Allowable Bearing Capacity of soil, (qa)

qa
qu / 3
2
11.760 t/m
(safety factor =
3 , normal condition)
qae
qu / 2
2
17.640 t/m
(safety factor =
2 , seismic condition)
7/30
STRUCTURAL CALCULATION, PEIR BODY

1 Load and Bending Moment of Peir Body
Case 1 (parallel to bridge axis)
1.00
0.30
2.60
0.40
0.30
0.40
1.80
0.40
0.20
0.40
2
0.20
2.80
0.30
0.30
2.20
2.40
3
1.00
0.40
0.00
Dimensions
B2
0.30
B3
0.30
Seismic Coefficient
B5
0.40
soil
H1
2.80
kh=
H2
2.40
0.18
H5
0.40
unit:m
ho
2.20
H6
0.20
stryctur
kh=
0.18
1) Normal condition (Case I-1 and II-1)

N=
Rd
+
Dead load (1, 2, 3)
=
42.313
+
6.875
=
49.187 t
H=
0.000 t
M=
0.000 t m
2) Seismic
Case I-2
N=
Rd
+
Dead load (1, 2, 3)
=
42.313
+
6.875
=
49.187 t
H=
M=
8.876 t
23.542 t m
Case II-2
N=
H=
M=
Item
He
Dead load x Kh
Dynamic water pressure P
Total
49.187 t
8.876 t
25.065 t m
Horizontal
Load
t
7.616
1.240
0.020
8.876
Case I-2
Distance
Y
m
2.800
1.779
0.500
Moment
My
t.m
21.326
2.206
0.010
23.542
Case II-2
Distance
Y
m
3.000
1.779
0.500
Moment
My
t.m
22.849
2.206
0.010
25.065
2 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar

1) Effective section
1.71
Design
p d2 / 4
Calculation
Therefore
bh
Case I
b=
h=
0.40 m
1.71 m
Case II
b=
h=
1.71 m
0.40 m
0.40
0.2
bh =
0.6857 m4
0.6857 m4
0.2
1.4
1.80
3 Summary of Intersectional Force

Description
Case I
Case II
Normal Condition
Moment
Load
Shearing
M (tfm)
N (tf)
S (tf)
0.00
49.19
0.00
0.00
49.19
0.00
8/30
Seismic Condition
Moment
Load
Shearing
M (tfm)
N (tf)
S (tf)
23.54
49.19
8.88
25.06
49.19
8.88
215888701.xls.ms_office, Body
4 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Rectangular Beam, Normal Condition

1) Cracking Moment
Mc=
Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac)
where, Mc
Zc
Mc=
=
Cracking Moment
Section Modulus
Zc=b*h1^2/6
b=40 cm
Tensile strength of Concrete (bending)
s'ck = 0.5*sck^(2/3)
s ck=
175 kgf/cm2
Axial force (kg)
Area of Concrete = b*h1
thickness of section
s'ck
N
Ac
h1
b
Case I
Case II
4451343 kgf.cm/m
45 tf.m/m
kgf.cm
1041250 kgf.cm/m
10 tf.m/m
kgf.cm
194940 cm3
b=171 cm
45600 cm3
16 kgf/cm2
49187
6840
171
40
16 kgf/cm2
kgf
cm2
cm
cm
49187
6840
40
171
kgf
cm2
cm
cm
2) Checking of Cracking Moment and Design Bending Moment

Design Bending Moment Mf
Check Mf & Mc
0.000 tf.m/m
0.000 tf.m/m
1.7*Mf>Mc?, if yes check ultimate bending moment

1.7*Mf =
0.000 tf.m
Mc=
44.513 tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc?
No, no need to check ultimate bending moment
0.000 tf.m
10.412 tf.m
3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu=As*s sy{d-(1/2)*[As*s sy]/[0.85*s ck*b]}
where,
Mu
As
s sy
d
s'ck
b
Mu=
=
0 kgf.cm
0.000 tf.m
Mu=
=
0 kgf.cm
0.000 tf.m
Ultimate Bending Moment

Area of Tensile Bar
Yielding point of Tensile Bar
Effective height = h1-cover
cover d1=
10 cm
h1=
171.0 cm,
40.0 cm
Design Compressive Strength of Concrete
Effective Width
tf.m
cm2
3000 kgf/cm2
161 cm
175 kgf/cm2
40 cm
175 kgf/cm2
171 cm
As=Mf/(s sa*j*d)
s sa=
Allowable Stress Rbar
j= 1 -k/3
(=8/9 )
or k = n/{n+s sa/s ca)
n= Young's modulus ratio
s ca
Allowable Stress Concrete
0.000 cm2
1400 kgf/cm2
0.831
0.000 cm2
1400 kgf/cm2
0.831
24
60 kgf/cm2
24
60 kgf/cm2
Check Mu & Mc
Mu>Mc?
tf.m
cm2
3000 kgf/cm2
30 cm
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
Mu =
0.000 tf.m
Mc =
44.513 tf.m
not applicable
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
Mu =
0.000 tf.m
Mc =
10.412 tf.m
not applicable
4) Bar Arrangement
Checking of Single or Double bar arrangement
M1= (d/Cs)^2*ssa*b >Mf?
where, M1
Cs
s
m
ssa
sca
n
M1= 13106020 kgf.cm

=
131.060 tf.m
Resistance moment
={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2)
(n*sca)/(n*sca+ssa)
ssa/sca
1945350 kgf.cm
19.453 tf.m
10.5241
0.5070
23.3333
1400 kgf/cm2
60 kgf/cm2
24
Check M1 > Mf?
10.5241
0.5070
23.3333
1400 kgf/cm2
60 kgf/cm2
24
M1=
131.060 tf.m
Mf=
0.000 tf.m
M1>Mf: Design Tensile Bar Only
19.453 tf.m
0.000 tf.m
(a) Tensile Bar

Max Bar Area As max =
Min Bar Area As min =
Required Bar Area
Apply f =
Required Bar Nos
Bar Area
0.02*b*d =
b*4.5%=
As req=
25
@
Nos=b/pitch =
As =
7.854 cm2
Mrs=ssa*As2(d-d2)
128.80
1.80
0
250
1.600
cm2
cm2
cm2
mm
nos
ok
Mrs= 1770130 kgf.cm

=
17.701 tf.m
where, Mrs
Resistance Mooment by tensile bar As2
As2= As-As1=As - M1/{ssa*(1-s/3)*d}
As2=
7.853
ssa=
1400
d
d=
161
d1
d2=
0
9/30
25
102.60
7.70
0
125
13.680
@
67.152 cm2
Mrs=
=
As2=
ssa=
d=
d2=
cm2
cm2
cm2
mm
nos
ok
2820341 kgf.cm
28.203 tf.m
67.151
1400
30
0
(b) Compressive Bar, in case M1<Mf

M' = Mf - M1=ssa*As'*(d - d2)
As' = M'/[ssa*(d - d2)]
d2
d1
Required Bar Area
Apply f =
Bar Area
M'=
As'=
M1=
Mf=
0.000
0.000
131.060
0.000
d=
d2=
ssa=
161
0
1400
0
@
7.854
As' req=
25
As' =
tf.m
cm2
tf.m
tf.m
0.000
0.000
19.453
0.000
tf.m
cm2
tf.m
tf.m
cm
cm
kgf/cm2
cm2
250 mm
cm2
ok
30
0
1400
0
@
67.152
cm
cm
kgf/cm2
cm2
125 mm
cm2
ok
25
5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Tensile Bar Only
Mf
S
ss =
sc =
tm =
0.000
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.000
0.00122
0.21444
0.92852
Mf/(As*j*d)
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
S/(b*j*d)
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
b
b=
d=
n=
x=kd
h
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
0.000
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.000
0.01309
0.53849
0.82050
ok
ok
ok
40 cm
161 cm
24
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
171 cm
30 cm
24
d
As
d1
(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Mf
S
sc =
ss =
ss' =
tm =
0.000
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
0.00122
0.00122
0.19039
0.11842
0.95146
Mf/(b*d^2*Lc)
n*sc*(1-k)/k
n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k
S/(b*j*d)
p=As/(bd)
p'=As'/((bd)
k={n^2(p+p')^2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}^05-n(p+p')
Lc=(1/2)k(1-k/3)+(np'/k)(k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)
j=(1-d2/d)+k^2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)
b
b=
d2=
d=
n=
d2
As'
h
x=kd
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
0.000
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
0.01309
0.01309
0.38317
0.48127
0.95162
ok
ok
ok
ok
40 cm
0 cm
161 cm
24
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
ok
171 cm
0 cm
30 cm
24
d
As
d1
5 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Column, Seismic Condition

1) Minimum Area as Column
Case I
Acmin = N/(0.008ssa+sca)
where, ssa
sca
N
Acmin =
Allowable stress of Reinforcement bar

Allowable stress of Concrete
Axial force
check: Ac (design) = b*h>Acmin?
Case II
460.554 cm2
460.554 cm2
2100 kgf/m2
90 kgf/m2
49.187 tf
b*c=
6840
>
2100 kgf/m2
90 kgf/m2
49.187 tf
Acmin
ok
6840
>
Acmin
ok
2) Cracking Moment
Mc=
Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac)
where, Mc
Zc
s'ck
N
Ac
h
=
=
Cracking Moment
Section Modulus
Zc=b*h2^2/6
b=
s'ck = 0.5*sck^(2/3)
s ck=
Axial force
thickness of section
4451343 kgf.cm
44.513 tf.m
kgf.cm
1041250 kgf.cm
10.412 tf.m
kgf.cm
194940 cm3
40 cm
45600 cm3
171 cm
15.643
175
49.187
6840
171
15.643
175
49.187
6840
40
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
tf
cm2
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
tf
cm2
cm
Minimum Reifircement Bar

(a) As a beam
(b) As a column
As min = b(m)*4.5 cm2

As min=0.008*Ac min
As min=
As min=
1.80 cm2
3.68 cm2
As min=
As min=
7.70 cm2
3.68 cm2
Maximum Reinforcement Bar

(a) As a beam
(b) As a column
As max = 0.002*b*d
As max = 0.006*Ac
As max=
As max=
128.80 cm2
410.40 cm2
As max=
As max=
102.60 cm2
410.40 cm2
10/30

Design Bending Moment Mf
Check Mf & Mc
23.542 tf.m
4) Checking of Required Reinforcement Bar
ssa
Ms
e
M
N
n
c
h
b
d1
d
s
42.610 tf.m
10.412 tf.m
yes, check ultimate bending moment
Compute under eccentric load condition
As={[sc*(s/2)-N/(b*d)]/ssa}*b*d
where,
sc
25.065 tf.m

1.7*Mf =
40.021 tf.m
Mc=
44.513 tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc?
As=
-3.717 cm2
32.374 cm2
Stress of concrete
sc=
47.995 kg.cm2
solve the equation Eq1 below
Eq1 = sc^3 + [3*ssa/(2*n)-3*Ms/(b*d^2)]*sc^2 - 6*Ms/(n*b*d^2)*ssa*sc - 3*Ms/(n^2*b*d^2)*ssa^2 = 0
Allowable stress of Reinforcement Bar
ssa =
2100 kg.cm2
Eccentric Moment, Ms=N(e+c)
Ms= 6067788 kgf.cm
Essentric Distance e=M/N
e=
47.861 cm
Bending Moment
M=
23.542 tf.m
Axial Force
N=
49.187 tf
Young's Modulus Ratio
n=
16
c=h/2 - d1
c=
75.5 cm
Height of Section
h=
171.0 cm
Width of section
b=
40.0 cm
Concrete Cover
d1=
10.0 cm
Effective Width of section d=h-d1
d=
161.0 cm
s=n*sc/(n*sc+ssa)
s=
0.268
[3*ssa/(2*n)-3*Ms/(b*d^2)]=
6*Ms/(n*b*d^2)*ssa=
3*Ms/(n^2*b*d^2)*ssa^2=
sc (trial)=
Eq1 (trial)=
cross check
103.570 kg.cm2
2100
2998352
50.958
25.065
49.187
16
10.0
40.0
171.0
10.0
30.0
0.441
179.32
4608.60
302440
kg.cm2
kgf.cm
cm
tf.m
tf
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
138.43
15342.44
1006848
sc (trial)=
103.5704
Eq1 (trial)= -3.08E-05 ok
cross check -3.08E-05 ok
47.99543
3.47E-07 ok
3.47E-07 ok

Mu=c*(h/2-0.4X)+Ts'(h/2-d2)+Ts(h/2-d1)
Mu=min(Mu1,Mu2)
where,
Mu
c
sck
b
X
Ts'
As'
As
Es
ecu
h
d1
d2
Mu=
=
0 kgf.cm
0.000 tf.m
in case X>0
in case X<0
Mu1= 4205506
Mu2=
0
Ultimate Bending Moment (tf.m)

0.68*sck*b*X
design strength of Concrete
Width of section
solve the equation Eq2 below
As'*Es*ecu*(X-d2)/X
Compressive Bar As'=0.5 As
Required Reinforcement Bar (Tensile)
Young's modulus (reinforcement bar)
Creep strain coefficient (concrete)
Height of Section
Concrete Cover (tensile side)
Concrete Cover (compressive side)
c=
sck=
b=
X=
Ts'=
As'=
As=
Es=
ecu=
h=
d1=
d2=
Equation Eq2
a*X^2 + (b-Ts-N)*X-b*d2=0
a
0.68*sck*b
b
As'*Es*ecu
Ts
As*ssy
ssy
N
Axial Force
put a,b,c as follows
then,
49187.2
175
40
10.333
0.000
0.000
0.000
2100000
0.0035
171
10
10
c=
0.00
3845666 kgf.cm
38.457 tf.m
in case X>0
in case X<0
4608795
Mu2= 3845666
c=
kg/cm2
cm
X=
Ts'=
0.000
0.000
cm
cm
cm
a=
4760
b=
0
Ts=
0
ssy=
3000 kgf/cm2
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
N=
49187 kgf
a= a =
4760
b= b-Ts-N =
-49187
c= - b*d2 =
0
X= (-b+(b^2-4ac)^0.2)/(2*a)
X= (-b-(b^2-4ac)^0.2)/(2*a)
X=
X=
Check Mc & Mu
Mu>Mc ?
169861.6
175
171
8.347
-23553.7
16.187
32.374
2100000
0.0035
40
10
10
c=
-833.49
X=
Ts'=
-7.004
288834.5
kg/cm2
cm
cm
cm
cm
20349
118973
97121
3000 kgf/cm2
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
49187 kgf
a =
20349
b-Ts-N =
-27335
- b*d2 =
-1189729
10.333
0.000
8.347
-7.004
Mu=
0.000 tf.m
Mc=
44.513 tf.m
not applicable
38.457 tf.m
10.412 tf.m
ok
6) Bar Arrangement
d
d2
d1
(a) Tensile Bar
Required Bar Area
Apply f =
Column width
Bar Area
128.80 cm2
3.68 cm2
As req=
25
b=
As =
11/30
-3.717
250
40
7.854
cm2
mm
cm2
cm2
102.60 cm2
7.70 cm2
25
ok
32.374
125
171
67.152
cm2
mm
cm2
cm2
ok
(b) Compressive Bar

Required Bar Area
Apply f =
Column width
Bar Area
As' req=
25
b=
As' =
(c ) Hoop Bar
Minimum Diameter
f' min =
Apply
f' =
Bar Interval shall satisfy the following conditions:
<=
d =
Bar Interval: t mm
<=
12*f =
<=
48*f '
then
t=
0.000
250
40
7.854
cm2
mm
cm2
cm2
25
ok
16.187
125
171
67.152
cm2
mm
cm2
cm2
12 mm
16 mm
12 mm
16 mm
1610 mm
300 mm
768 mm
300 mm
300 mm
768 mm
200 mm
ok
ok
300 mm
ok
7) Checking of Allowable Stress, Seismic Condition

Mf
S
ss =
sc =
tm =
23.542
8.876
1979.87
26.98
1.466
0.00122
0.17900
0.94033
Mf/(As*j*d)
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
S/(b*j*d)
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
b
x=kd
h
b=
d=
n=
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
25.065
8.876
1475.80
82.06
2.052
0.01309
0.47081
0.84306
ok
ok
ok
40 cm
161 cm
16
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
171 cm
30 cm
16
As
d1
Mf
S
sc =
ss =
ss' =
tm =
23.542
8.876
24.96
1973.98
251.96
1.461
0.00122
0.00122
0.16827
0.09096
0.943140
Mf/(b*d^2*Lc)
n*sc*(1-k)/k
n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k
S/(b*j*d)
p=As/(bd)
p'=As'/(bd)
k={n^2(p+p')^2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}^05-n(p+p')
Lc=(1/2)k(1-k/3)+(np'/k)(k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)
j=(1-d2/d)+k^2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)
b
d2
As'
h
x=kd
b=
d2=
d=
n=
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
25.065
8.876
73.93
1518.75
282.33
2.112
0.01309
0.01309
0.43784
0.22030
0.819219
ok
ok
ok
ok
40 cm
10 cm
161 cm
16
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
ok
171 cm
10 cm
30 cm
16
d
As
d1
7 Check for stress of concrete and reinforcement bar

Case I
Height of section
Effective width
Concrete cover
Reinforcement bar
Moment
Axis force
Shearing force
Young modulus ratio
Case II
Normal
171
40
10
7.85
7.85
0
49187
0
24
75.500
0.000
Seismic
171
40
10
7.85
7.85
2354154
49187
8876
16
75.500
47.861
Normal
40
171
10
67.15
67.15
0
49187
0
24
10.000
0.000
Seismic
40
171
10
67.15
67.15
2506479
49187
8876
16
10.000
50.958
a1
b1
c1
x
-256.500
-1.082
-322167
261.2253
0.000423
ok
-112.917
1803.143
-368974
122.7227
2.85E-07
ok
-60.000
-0.013
-11309
62.86214
6.91E-08
ok
92.874
3842.087
-84381
15.33716
2.58E-09
ok
a2
b2
b3
b4
b5
b6
sc
ss
ss'
tc
5224.507
-1.575
54.452
251.225
54.452
-100.225
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
2454.454
44.592
77.270
112.723
77.270
38.277
19.44
97.00
285.65
1.461
5374.713
-0.954
256.371
52.862
256.371
-32.862
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
1311.327
14.888
700.521
5.337
700.521
14.663
74.75
1143.37
416.18
2.112
h
b
d'
As
As'
M
N
S
n
c
e
cm
cm
cm
cm2
cm2
kgf cm
kgf
kgf
12/30
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION, PIER BODY

Description
Calculation Condition
Abbr.
Principle Dimensions
Effective width of section, Bw
Height of Section
Concrete Cover (tensile)
Concrete Cover (compressive)
Effective height of Section
Allowable Stress
unit
sc
b
h
d1
d2
d
sca
ssa
tma
ssy
kgf/m2
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/cm2
Required
Designed
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
Compressive Bar
Required
Designed
As' req.
As'
cm2
cm2
Hoop Bar
Designed
Aso
Concrete
Re-Bar
Shearing
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar

Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar
Design Load
Design Bending Moment
Design Axis Force
Shearing Force
Checking of Minimum Re-Bar
Cracking Moment
1.7*Mf
1.7*Mf < Mc ? If no, check Mu
Mu > Mc ?
Max Re-bar
Min Re-bar
Required Bar
Area of Re-bar for Design
Checking of Allowable Stress as Rectangular Beam
Effective height
Compressive Stress
Bending Tensile Stress
Mean Shearing Stress
Checking of Allowable Stress as Column
Compressive Stress
Bending Stress
Shearing Stress
Case I
Normal Condition
Rectangular Beam
175
40
171.0
10
161
60
1400
5.5
3000
Seismic Condition
Column
Case II
Normal Condition
Rectangular Beam
Seismic Condition
Column
175
40.0
171.0
10
161
90
2100
8.25
3000
175
171.0
40.0
10
30
60
1400
5.5
3000
175
171
40.0
10
30
90
2100
8.25
3000
0.00
7.85 D25@250
-3.72
7.85 D25@250
0.00
67.15 D25@125
32.38
67.15 D25@125
0.00
7.85 D25@250
0.00
7.85 D25@250
0.00
67.15 D25@125
16.19
67.15 D25@125
D16@200
D16@300
Mf
Nd
S
tf.m
tf
tf
0.000
49.187
0.000
23.542
49.187
8.876
0.000
49.187
0.000
25.065
49.187
8.876
Mc
tf.m
44.513
0.000
ok
44.513
40.021
ok
10.412
0.000
ok
Mu
tf.m
As max
As min
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
128.80
1.80
0.00
15.70
128.80
3.68
-3.72
15.70
102.60
7.70
0.00
134.30
10.412
42.610
check Mu
38.457
ok
102.60
7.70
48.57
134.30
n
d
sc
ss
ss'
tm
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
24
161
0.00 ok
0.00 ok
0.000 ok
sc
ss
ss'
tm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
13/30
ok
ok
ok
ok
16
161
19.44
97.00
285.65
1.461
24
30
0.00 ok
0.00 ok
0.000 ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
ok
ok
ok
ok
16
30
74.75
1143.37
416.18
2.112
ok
ok
ok
ok
STRUCTURAL CALCULATION, FOOTING

1 Load and Bending Moment of Footing
1) Design Conditions
Case 1 (parallel to bridge axis)
1.10
0.40
1.10
0.60
0.00
0.00
0.20
0.00
1
2
0.60
1.80
0.60
4
0.00
0.15
5
0.20
0.60
2.60
3.00
550 mm
Normal
Seismic
0
Min
300
7.29 tf/m2
608 mm
8.60
16.60 tf/m2
Max
tf/m2
Normal
Seismic
0
Min
7.29 tf/m2
312
ho
0.00
H3
0.20
Unit Weight of Material

Soil
Concrete
Surcharge Load q
q'= q seismic
1700
2400
0
0
15.60 tf/m2
Max
12.26 tf/m2
2,283 mm
Dimensions
HT
3.60
0.15
5
2,803 mm
H4
0.60
B4
1.10
kgf/m3
kgf/m3
kgf/m3
kgf/m3
1.70
2.40
0.00
0
B5
0.40
B6
0.00
BT
2.60
W4
0.60
W5
1.80
W6
0.15
unit:m
WT
3.00
tf/m3
tf/m3
tf/m3
tf/m3
2) Load
Volume
No.
Body
m3
0.000
0.297
1.980
1
2
3
sub-total
Soil
4
5
sub-total
Total
Distance l1
0.000
0.330
Case I
width =
Vertical Distance
Load
X
tf
m
0.000
0.000
0.713
0.367
4.752
0.550
5.465
1.90
0.000
0.550
1.90
0.627
0.733
0.627
6.092
l1 (X)
0.547 m
unit
weight
tf/m3
2.40
2.40
2.40
Buoyancy u
Volume under water level Vo
Vo =
3.3
x
=
2.64 m3
Shearing force
S1 =
6.092
=
3.452 tf
Morment
M1 =
3.335
=
1.88 tf m
3.00 m
Moment
Mx
tf.m
0.000
0.261
2.614
2.875
0.000
0.460
0.460
3.335
Volume
No.
1
2
3
4
5
sub-total
Distance l1
m3
0.012
0.102
0.936
0.000
0.117
Case II
width =
2.60 m
Vertical Distance
Moment
Load
X
Mx
tf
m
tf.m
0.029
0.075
0.002
0.245
0.300
0.073
2.246
0.300
0.674
2.520
0.750
0.000
0.300
0.000
0.222
0.450
0.100
0.222
0.100
2.742
0.850
l1 (X)
0.310 m
Volume under water level Vo

Vo =
1.56
x
=
1.25 m3
0.80
2.64
S1 =
=
2.640
0.55
M1 =
=
2.742
1.492 tf
0.80
1.25
0.850
0.47 tf m
1.250
0.3
3) Reaction from Foundation

Normal
Case I-1
Q
Case II-1 Q
Seismic
Case I-2
Qmax
Qmin
Case II-2
Qmax
Qmin
Reaction from Foundation,

Normal Condition
Rat=
Q
Seismic Condition
Case 2-1
Reat=
Rea't=
Rmean =
Case 2-2
Reat=
Rea't=
Rmean =
7.29
7.29
16.60
8.60
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
15.60 tf/m2
12.26 tf/m2
Rat=
7.29 tf/m2
Cantilever length =B4=
1.10 m
Q
Q*(X-B4)/X
(Reat+Rea't) / 2
Reat=
Reat'=
Rmean =
16.60 tf/m2
8.60 tf/m2
12.60 tf/m2
Cantilever length =B4=
1.10 m
Q
Q*(X-B4)/X
(Reat+Rea't) / 2
Reat=
Reat'=
Rmean =
15.60 tf/m2
12.26 tf/m2
13.93 tf/m2
Cantilever length =W4=
0.60 m
14/30
215888701.xls.ms_office, Footing
4) Intersectional Force due Reaction

Normal condtion
Case I
Shearing force
Morment
S1 =
M1 =
7.290
24.057
x
x
1.10
0.55
3.00
=
=
24.057 tf
13.231 tf m
Seismic condition
Case I-2
Shearing force
Morment
S2-1 =
M2-1 =
12.601
41.584
x
x
1.10
0.61
3.00
=
=
41.584 tf
25.290 tf m
Case II-2
Shearing force
Morment
S2-2 =
M2-2 =
13.934
21.737
x
x
0.60
0.31
2.60
=
=
21.737 tf
6.782 tf m
Normal Condition
Case 1-1
(up)
(down)
Moment Shearing Moment
M
S
M
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
(tf.m/m)
-1.883
-3.452
-1.883
13.231
24.057
Description
Buoyancy
Reaction
Total
11.349
20.605
-1.883
Seismic condition
Case I-2
(up)
(down)
Moment Shearing Moment
Ms
Ss
M
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
(tf.m/m)
-1.883
-3.452
-1.883
25.290
41.584
Description
Buoyancy
Reaction
Normal Condition
Case II-1
(up)
(down)
Shearing Moment Shearing Moment
S
M
S
M
(tf/m)
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
(tf.m/m)
-3.452
-0.475
-1.492
-0.475
13.231
24.057
-3.452
12.757
23.408
38.132
-0.475
Seismic condition
Case II-2
(up)
(down)
Shearing Moment Shearing Moment
S
Ms
Ss
Ms
(tf/m)
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
(tf.m/m)
-3.452
-0.475
-1.492
-0.475
6.782
21.737
same as normal condition
Total
22.565
-1.883
-3.452
Shearing
S
(tf/m)
-1.492
-1.492
Shearing
Ss
(tf/m)
-1.492
6.307
20.245
-0.475
-1.492
5) Effective width
Case 1
Case II
0.40 m
1.4 m
0.80 m
0.65
1.7 m
0.15
2.7
Normal condition
Case I-1
Lower reinforcement bar
Mo =
2.600
1.700
So =
2.600
1.700
Upper reinforcementbar
Mo =
2.600
0.400
So =
2.600
0.400
11.349
17.357
tf m
20.605
31.514
tf
1.883
12.238
tf m
3.452
22.437
tf
Case II-1
Mo =
3.000
2.700
So =
3.000
2.700
Mo =
3.000
1.400
So =
3.000
1.400
12.757
14.174
tf m
22.565
25.072
tf
0.475
1.017
tf m
1.492
3.198
tf
6.307
7.008
tf m
20.245
22.494
tf
0.475
1.017
tf m
1.492
3.198
tf
Seismic condition
Case I-2
Mo =
2.600
1.700
So =
2.600
1.700
Mo =
2.600
0.400
So =
2.600
0.400
23.408
35.800
tf m
38.132
58.320
tf
1.883
12.238
tf m
3.452
22.437
tf
15/30
Case II-2
Mo =
3.000
2.700
So =
3.000
2.700
Mo =
3.000
1.400
So =
3.000
1.400

Axial Force = 0 tf/m
Case I (lower)
Normal Condition
Seismic Condition
Moment Shearing Moment Shearing
M
S
Ms
Ss
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
17.357
31.514
35.800
58.320
Case II (lower)
Normal Condition
Seismic Condition
M
S
Ms
Ss
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
14.174
25.072
7.008
22.494
Description
Total
Description
Total
Case I (upper)
Normal Condition
Seismic Condition
M
S
Ms
Ss
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
12.238
22.437
12.238
22.437
Case II (upper)
Normal Condition
Seismic Condition
M
S
Ms
Ss
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
1.017
3.198
1.017
3.198
2 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar (Case I,II, Lower and Lower, Normal condition)
1) Cracking Moment
Mc=
Case I-1
Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac)
where, Mc
Zc
s'ck
N
Ac
h1
Mc=
Cracking Moment
Section Modulus
Zc=b*h1^2/6
kgf.cm/m
tf.m/m
kgf.cm
Case II-1
Lower
14099838
140.998
Upper
14099838
140.998
Lower
18771974
187.720
Upper
18771974
187.720
901333
260
901333
260
1200000
300
1200000
300
15.643
175
0
20800
80
15.643
175
0
20800
80
15.643
175
0
24000
80
15.643
175
0
24000
80
17.357
12.238
14.174
1.017
cm3
b=
cm
s'ck = 0.5*sck^(2/3)
kgf/cm2
s ck=
kgf/cm2
Axial force (=0)
tf
cm2
thickness of section, H4
cm

Design Bending Moment Mf = max(M,Me)
Check Mf & Mc
tf.m/m
1.7*Mf>Mc?, if "Yes", check ultimate bending moment, if "No", no need to check ultimate bending moment.
1.7*Mf =
Mc=
tf.m
tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc?
29.506
140.998
No
20.804
140.998
No
24.096
187.720
No
1.729
187.720
No
kgf.cm
tf.m
tf.m
Area of Tensile Bar
cm2
kgf/cm2
cm
cover d1=
cm
h1=
cm
kgf/cm2
Effective Width
cm
4414453
44.145
3132276
31.323
3619665
36.197
262087
2.621
3000
65
15
80
3000
74
6
80
3000
65
15
80
3000
74
6
80
175
260
175
260
175
300
175
300
As=Mf/(s sa*j*d)
cm2
s sa=
kgf/cm2
(=8/9 )
k = n/{n+s sa/s ca)
s ca
kgf/cm2
Mu =
tf.m
Mc =
tf.m
Mu>Mc?
22.953
14.215
18.744
1.181
1400
0.831
1400
0.831
1400
0.831
1400
0.831
24
60
24
60
24
60
24
60

where, Mu
As
s sy
d
s'ck
b
j= 1 -k/3
or
Check Mu & Mc
44.145
140.998
not applicable
31.323
140.998
not applicable
36.197
187.720
not applicable
2.621
187.720
not applicable
13885424
138.854
17996823
179.968
16021643
160.216
20765566
207.656
10.5241
0.5070
23.3333
1400
60
24
10.5241
0.5070
23.3333
1400
60
24
10.5241
0.5070
23.3333
1400
60
24
10.5241
0.5070
23.3333
1400
60
24
160.216
0.000
Yes
207.656
0.000
Yes
4) Bar Arrangement
where, M1
Cs
s
m
ssa
sca
n
Check M1 & Mf
M1=
=
Resistance moment
={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2)
(n*sca)/(n*sca+ssa)
ssa/sca
kgf.cm/m
tf.m/m
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
M1>Mf?, if "Yes", design tensile bar only, if "No", design tensile + compressive bars.
M1=
Mf=
tf.m
tf.m
138.854
17.357
Yes
M1 > Mf?
16/30
179.968
12.238
Yes
(a) Tensile Bar

Required Bar Area
Apply f =
0.02*b*d = cm2
b*4.5%= cm2
As req= cm2
338.0
11.7
22.953
22
300
8.667
32.945 ok
@ mm
Nos=b/pitch = nos
As =
cm2
Required Bar Nos

Bar Area
Mrs=ssa*As2(d-d2)
Mrs=
kgf.cm
2997813
=
tf.m
29.978
where, Mrs
Resistance Moment by tensile bar As2
As2=
32.943
ssa=
1400
d
d=
65
d1
d2=
0
384.8
11.7
14.215
16
300
8.667
17.425 ok
390.0
13.5
18.744
22
300
10.000
38.013 ok
444.0
13.5
1.181
16
300
10.000
20.106 ok
1805075
18.051
3459015
34.590
2083002
20.830
17.424
1400
74
0
38.011
1400
65
0
20.106
1400
74
0
0.000
0.000
179.968
12.238
0.000
0.000
160.216
0.000
0.000
0.000
207.656
0.000

M' = Mf - M1=ssa*As'*(d - d2)
As' = M'/[ssa*(d - d2)]
M'=
As'=
M1=
Mf=
d2
d1
Required Bar Area

Apply f =
Bar Area
tf.m
cm2
tf.m
tf.m
0.000
0.000
138.854
17.357
d=
d2=
ssa=
As' req=
cm
cm
kgf/cm2
cm2
mm
@
mm
As' = cm2
65
0
1400
0.000
16
300
17.425 ok
74
0
1400
0.000
22
300
32.945 ok
65
0
1400
0.000
16
300
20.106 ok
74
0
1400
0.000
22
300
38.013 ok
17.357
31.514
888.30 ok
13.19 ok
2.04 ok
0.00195
0.26267
0.91244
12.238
22.437
1012.48 ok
9.76 ok
1.24 ok
0.00091
0.18789
0.93737
14.174
25.072
628.70 ok
9.33 ok
1.41 ok
0.00195
0.26267
0.91244
1.017
3.198
72.91 ok
0.70 ok
0.15 ok
0.00091
0.18789
0.93737
260
65
24
260
74
24
300
65
24
300
74
24
17.357
31.514
11.60
868.89
278.33
1.999
12.238
22.437
7.50
982.20
180.07
1.207
14.174
25.072
8.21
614.96
196.99
1.378
1.017
3.198
0.54
70.73
12.97
0.149

Mf
S
ss =
sc =
tm =
max(S,Ss)
Mf/(As*j*d)
kgf/cm2
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
kgf/cm2
S/(b*j*d)
kgf/cm2
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
b
tf.m/m
tf/m
check ss < ssa ?
check sc < sca ?
check tm < ta ?
b= cm
d= cm
n=
x=kd
h
d
As
d1

Mf
S
sc =
ss =
ss' =
tm =
Mf/(b*d^2*Lc)
n*sc*(1-k)/k
n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k
S/(b*j*d)
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
tf.m
tf
check sc < sca ?
check ss < ssa ?
check ss' < ssa ?
check tm < ta ?
p=As/(bd)
p'=As'/(bd)
k={n^2(p+p')^2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}^05-n(p+p')
Lc=(1/2)k(1-k/3)+(np'/k)(k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)
j=(1-d2/d)+k^2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)
b
d2
As'
h
x=kd
b= cm
d= cm
d2= cm
n=
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
0.00195
0.00103
0.24261
0.13624
0.93283
0.00091
0.00171
0.15493
0.11456
0.96626
0.00195
0.00103
0.24261
0.13624
0.93283
0.00091
0.00171
0.15493
0.11456
0.96626
260
65
0
24
260
74
0
24
300
65
0
24
300
74
0
24
ok
ok
ok
ok
As
d1
17/30
3 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar ( Case I, Case II, Lower and upper, Seismic Conditions)
Case I-2
1) Cracking Moment
Mc=
Lower
Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac)
Mc= kgf.cm/m
tf.m/m
Cracking Moment
kgf.cm
Section Modulus
Zc=b*h1^2/6
cm3
b=
cm
s'ck = 0.5*sck^(2/3)
kgf/cm2
s ck=
kgf/cm2
Axial force (=0)
tf
cm2
cm
where, Mc
Zc
s'ck
N
Ac
h1
Case II-2
Upper
Lower
Upper
17624798
176.248
17624798
176.248
23464968
234.650
23464968
234.650
1126667
260
1126667
260
1500000
300
1500000
300
15.64
175
0
20800
80
15.64
175
0
20800
80
15.64
175
0
24000
80
15.64
175
0
24000
80
35.800
12.238
7.008
1.017

Design Bending Moment Mf =
Check Mf & Mc
1.7*Mf =
Mc=
tf.m/m
1.7*Mf>Mc?, if "Yes", check ultimate bending moment, if "No", no need to check ultimate bending moment.
tf.m
60.860
20.804
11.914
tf.m
176.248
176.248
234.650
1.7*Mf>Mc?
No
No
No
1.729
234.650
No

kgf.cm
tf.m
5809402
58.094
2012859
20.129
1154624
11.546
168001.9
1.680
3000
65
15
80
175
260
30.341
2100
0.864
3000
74
6
80
175
260
9.110
2100
0.864
3000
65
15
80
175
300
5.939
2100
0.864
3000
74
6
80
175
300
0.757
2100
0.864
16
90
16
90
16
90
16
90
where,
Mu
As
s sy
d

tf.m
Area of Tensile Bar
cm2
kgf/cm2
cm
cover d1=
cm
h1=
cm
s'ck Design Compressive Strength of Concrete
kgf/cm2
b
Effective Width
cm
As=Mf/(s sa*j*d)
cm2
s sa=
kgf/cm2
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 )
s ca
kgf/cm2
Check Mu & Mc
Mu =
tf.m
Mc =
tf.m
Mu>Mc?
4) Bar Arrangement
58.094
176.248
not applicable
20.129
176.248
not applicable
11.546
234.650
not applicable
1.680
234.650
not applicable
17381609
173.816
22528211
225.282
20055702
200.557
25994089
259.941
11.5203
0.4068
23.3333
2100
90
16
11.5203
0.4068
23.3333
2100
90
16
11.5203
0.4068
23.3333
2100
90
16
11.5203
0.4068
23.3333
2100
90
16
200.557
7.008
Yes
259.941
1.017
Yes

where, M1
Cs
s
m
ssa
sca
n
M1= kgf.cm/m
tf.m/m
Resistance moment
={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2)
(n*sca)/(n*sca+ssa)
ssa/sca
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Check M1 & Mf
M1>Mf?, if "Yes", design tensile bar only, if "No", design tensile + compressive bars.
M1=
tf.m
173.816
225.282
Mf=
tf.m
35.800
12.238
M1 > Mf?
Yes
Yes
(a) Tensile Bar

Required Bar Area
Apply f =
Required Bar Nos
Bar Area
0.02*b*d = cm2
b*4.5%= cm2
As req=
cm2
338.0
11.7
30.341
22
300
8.667
32.945 ok
@ mm
Nos=b/pitch = nos
As =
cm2
Mrs=ssa*As2(d-d2)
Mrs= kgf.cm
4496769
tf.m
44.968
where, Mrs
32.943
ssa=
2100
d=
65
d2=
0
384.8
11.7
9.110
16
300
8.667
17.425 ok
390.0
13.5
5.939
22
300
10.000
38.013 ok
444.0
13.5
0.757
16
300
10.000
20.106 ok
2707641
27.076
5188579
51.886
3124202
31.242
17.424
2100
74
0
38.012
2100
65
0
20.104
2100
74
0
d1
18/30

M' = Mf - M1=ssa*As'*(d - d2)
As' = M'/[ssa*(d - d2)]
M'=
As'=
M1=
Mf=
d2
d1
Required Bar Area

Apply f =
As' req=
Bar Area
tf.m
cm2
tf.m
tf.m
0.000
0.000
173.816
35.800
d= cm
d2= cm
ssa= kgf/cm2
cm2
@ mm
cm2
As' =
0.000
0.000
225.282
12.238
0.000
0.000
200.557
7.008
0.000
0.000
259.941
1.017
65
0
2100
0.000
16
300
17.425 ok
74
0
2100
0.000
22
300
32.945 ok
65
0
2100
0.000
16
300
20.106 ok
74
0
2100
0.000
22
300
38.013 ok
35.800
58.320
1804.42 ok
31.90 ok
3.725 ok
0.00195
0.22051
0.92650
12.238
22.437
1001.25 ok
11.60 ok
1.230 ok
0.00091
0.15637
0.94788
7.008
22.494
306.13 ok
5.41 ok
1.245 ok
0.00195
0.22051
0.92650
1.017
3.198
72.11 ok
0.84 ok
0.152 ok
0.00091
0.15637
0.94788
260
65
16
260
74
16
300
65
16
300
74
16
35.800
58.320
28.92
1777.32
462.77
3.669
12.238
22.437
9.43
979.96
150.89
1.204
7.008
22.494
4.91
301.53
78.51
1.226
1.017
3.198
0.68
70.57
10.87
0.149

Mf
S
ss =
sc =
tm =
tf.m/m
tf/m
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
max(S,Ss)
Mf/(As*j*d)
check ss < ssa ?
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
check sc < sca ?
S/(b*j*d)
check tm < ta ?
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
b
b= cm
d= cm
n=
x=kd
h
d
As
d1

Mf
S
sc =
ss =
ss' =
tm =
Mf/(b*d^2*Lc)
n*sc*(1-k)/k
n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k
S/(b*j*d)
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
check sc < sca ?

check ss < ssa ?
check ss' < ssa ?
check tm < ta ?
p=As/(bd)
p'=As'/(bd)
k={n^2(p+p')^2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}^05-n(p+p')
Lc=(1/2)k(1-k/3)+(np'/k)(k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)
j=(1-d2/d)+k^2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)
b
d2
As'
x=kd
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
0.00195
0.00103
0.20659
0.11268
0.94062
0.00091
0.00171
0.13343
0.09114
0.96847
0.00195
0.00103
0.20659
0.11268
0.94062
0.00091
0.00171
0.13343
0.09114
0.96847
260
65
0
16
260
74
0
16
300
65
0
16
300
74
0
16
b= cm
d= cm
d2= cm
n=
ok
ok
ok
ok
As
d1
4 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar (Upper, Normal Conditions)

1) Cracking Moment
Mc=
Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac)
where, Mc
Zc
s'ck
N
Ac
h1
Mc= 17624798 kgf.cm/m
Cracking Moment
Section Modulus
Zc=b*h1^2/6
b=
260 cm
s'ck = 0.5*sck^(2/3)
s ck=
175 kgf/cm2
Axial force (=0)
176.248 tf.m/m
kgf.cm
1126667 cm3
15.643 kgf/cm2
0 tf
20800 cm2
80 cm

Check Mf & Mc
12.238 tf.m/m

1.7*Mf =
20.804 tf.m
Mc=
176.248 tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc?
19/30

where, Mu
As
s sy
d
Mu=
3129378 kgf.cm

Area of Tensile Bar
cover d1=
15 cm
h1=
80 cm
Effective Width
s'ck
b
tf.m
cm2
3000 kgf/cm2
65 cm
Mu =
Mc =
31.294 tf.m
176.248 tf.m
31.294 tf.m
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
175 kgf/cm2
300 cm
As=Mf/(s sa*j*d)
s sa=
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 )
s ca
Check Mu & Mc
16.184 cm2
1400 kgf/cm2
0.831
24
60 kgf/cm2
Mu>Mc?
not applicable
4) Bar Arrangement
where, M1
Cs
s
m
ssa
sca
n
M1= 16021643 kgf.cm/m
Resistance moment
={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2)
(n*sca)/(n*sca+ssa)
ssa/sca
Check M1 > Mf?
M1=
Mf=
160.216 tf.m/m
10.5241
0.5070
23.3333
1400 kgf/cm2
60 kgf/cm2
24
160.216 tf.m
12.238 tf.m
(a) Tensile Bar

Required Bar Area
Apply f =
22
Required Bar Nos
Bar Area
0.02*b*d =
390.0 cm2
b*4.5%=
11.7 cm2
As req=
16.184 cm2
@
300 mm
Nos=b/pitch =
8.667 nos
As =
32.945 cm2
ok
d1
Pitch shall be same as that of toe
Mrs=ssa*As2(d-d2)
where, Mrs
ssa=
1400 kgf/cm2
d=
d2=
0 cm
Mrs=
2997787 kgf.cm
As2=
32.943 cm2
29.978 tf.m
65 cm

M' = Mf - M1=ssa*As'*(d - d2)
M'=
0.000 tf.m
As' = M'/[ssa*(d - d2)]
d=
d2=
ssa=
65 cm
0 cm
1400 kgf/cm2
Required Bar Area

Apply f =
16
Bar Area
As' req=
@
As' =
h
As'=
0.000 cm2
M1=
Mf=
160.216 tf.m
12.238 tf.m
0.000 cm2
300 mm
6.702 cm2
d2
d1
ok

b

Mf
S
ss =
sc =
tm =
max(S,Ss)
Mf/(As*j*d)
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
S/(b*j*d)
12.238
22.437
622.78
8.52
1.254
tf.m/m
tf/m
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
x=kd
check ss < ssa ?
check sc < sca ?
check tm < ta ?
ok
ok
ok
d
As
d1
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
0.00169
0.24710
0.91763
b=
d=
n=
20/30
300 cm
65 cm
24

Mf
S
sc =
ss =
ss' =
tm =
12.238
22.437
8.13
617.76
195.22
1.244
Mf/(b*d^2*Lc)
n*sc*(1-k)/k
n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k
S/(b*j*d)
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
check sc < sca ?

check ss < ssa ?
check ss' < ssa ?
check tm < ta ?
p=As/(bd)
p'=As'/(bd)
k={n^2(p+p')^2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}^05-n(p+p')
Lc=(1/2)k(1-k/3)+(np'/k)(k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)
j=(1-d2/d)+k^2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)
b=
d=
300 cm
65 cm
ok
ok
ok
ok
d2
0.00169
0.00034
0.24013
0.11870
0.92510
d2=
n=
x=kd
As'
h
d
As
d1
0 cm
24
SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION, FOOTING

Description
Abbr.
Effective width of section
Height of Section, H4
Allowable Stress
unit
sc
b
h
d1
d2
d
sca
ssa
ta
ssy
kgf/m2
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/cm2
Required
Designed
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
Required
Designed
As' req.
As'
cm2
cm2
Mf
Nd
S
tf.m/m
tf/m
tf/m
Mc
tf.m
Mu
tf.m
As max
As min
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
Checking of Allowable Stress

Effective height
Compressive Stress
n
d
sc
cm
kgf/cm2
ss
kgf/cm2
ss'
kgf/cm2
tm
kgf/cm2
Concrete
Re-Bar
Shearing
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar
Compressive Bar
Design Load
Design Axis Force
Shearing Force
Cracking Moment
1.7*Mf
1.7*Mf < Mc ? If no, check Mu
Mu > Mc ?
Max Re-bar
Min Re-bar
Required Bar
Case I
Normal
Seismic
Lower
Upper
Lower
Upper
175
260
80
15
65
60
1400
5.5
3000
175
260
80
6
74
60
1400
5.5
3000
175
260
80
15
65
90
2100
8.25
3000
175
260
80
6
74
90
2100
8.25
3000
Case II
Normal
Seismic
Lower
Upper
Lower
Upper
175
300
80
15
65
60
1400
5.5
3000
175
300
80
6
74
60
1400
5.5
3000
175
300
80
15
65
90
2100
8.25
3000
175
300
80
6
74
90
2100
8.25
3000
22.95
14.22
30.34
9.11
18.74
1.18
5.94
0.76
32.94
17.43
32.94
17.43
38.01
20.11
38.01
20.11
D22@300 D16@300 D22@300 D16@300 D22@300 D16@300 D22@300 D16@300
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
17.43
32.94
17.43
32.94
20.11
38.01
20.11
38.01
D16@300 D22@300 D16@300 D22@300 D16@300 D22@300 D16@300 D22@300
21/30
17.36
0.00
31.51
12.24
0.00
22.44
35.80
0.00
58.32
12.24
0.00
22.44
14.17
0.00
25.07
1.017
0.00
3.198
7.008
0.00
22.494
1.017
0.00
3.198
141.00
29.51
ok
141.00
20.80
ok
176.25
60.86
ok
176.25
20.80
ok
187.72
24.10
ok
187.72
1.73
ok
234.65
11.91
ok
234.65
1.73
ok
338.00
11.70
22.95
50.37
384.80
11.70
14.22
50.37
338.00
11.70
30.34
50.37
384.80
11.70
9.11
50.37
390.00
13.50
18.74
58.12
444.00
13.50
1.18
58.12
390.00
13.50
5.94
58.12
444.00
13.50
0.76
58.12
24
65
13.19
ok
888.30
ok
-
24
74
9.76
ok
1012.48
ok
-
16
65
31.90
ok
1804.42
ok
-
16
74
11.60
ok
1001.25
ok
-
24
65
9.33
ok
628.70
ok
-
24
74
0.70
ok
72.91
ok
-
16
65
5.41
ok
306.13
ok
-
16
74
0.84
ok
72.11
ok
-
2.044
ok
1.207
ok
3.725
ok
1.230
ok
1.409
ok
0.149
ok
1.245
ok
0.152
ok
STRUCTURAL CALCULATION, BEAM
1 Load and Bending Moment of Abutment Body

1.30
0.40
0.900
0.86
Dimensions
Wo
W2
0.90
0.40
Beam Width
Bw=
1
Seismic Coefficient
soil
Area
unit
weight
t/m3
2.4
2.4
2.4
0.70
0.20
0.24
Wo
0.40
0.20
W3
0.30
No.
0.30
1.00
0.04
1
2
3
m3
0.176
0.040
0.008
Total
l=
0.224
0.205
xo = 0.8D+Wo
= 0.86
xo
0.40
W5
1.80
H1
2.80
kh=
0.18
Vertical Distance
Load
X
t
m
0.422
0.220
0.096
0.173
0.019
0.020
0.5376
Refrection R
R=
H=
0.30
H2
2.40
H5
0.40
stryctur
H6
0.20
kh=
unit:m
ho
2.20
0.18
Moment
Mx
tf.m/m
0.093
0.017
0.000
0.110
21.2 t
3.8 t
1) Load and Bending Moment (Vertical and Holizontal)
No.
Noramal R
Dead load
Total
Vertical Distance
Load
X
t
m
21.156
0.240
0.538
0.205
21.694
Moment Horizontal Distance

Mx
Load
X
tf.m/m
t/m
m
5.078
3.808
0.240
0.110
0.097
0.205
5.187
Moment
Mx
tf.m/m
0.914
0.020
0.934

Axial Force = 0 tf/m
Upper
Side
Normal Condition
Seismic Condition
M
S
Ms
Ss
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
Description
Dead Load, Earth

Reaction form Foundation
Total
0.110
5.078
5.187
0.538
21.156
21.694
0.020
0.914
0.934
3.808
0.097
3.905
2 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar (Upper)

1) Cracking Moment
Mc=
Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac)
where, Mc
Zc
s'ck
N
Ac
h1
Mc=
Cracking Moment
Section Modulus
Zc=b*h1^2/6
b=
100 cm
s'ck = 0.5*sck^(2/3)
s ck=
175 kgf/cm2
Axial force (=0)
2607219 kgf.cm/m =
26.072 tf.m/m
kgf.cm
166667 cm3
15.643 kgf/cm2
0 tf
6000 cm2
60 cm

Normal Condition M =
Seismic Condition Me=
Check Mf & Mc
5.187 tf.m/m
5.187 tf.m/m
0.934 tf.m/m
1.7*Mf>Mc ?, if yes, check ultimate bending moment

1.7*Mf =
8.819 tf.m
Mc=
26.072 tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc ?
22/30
215888701.xls.ms_office, Beam

where, Mu
As
s sy
d
s'ck
b
Check Mu & Mc
Mu=
1316272 kgf.cm

Area of Tensile Bar
cover d1=
7 cm
h1=
60.0 cm
Effective Width
tf.m
cm2
3000 kgf/cm2
53 cm
As=Mf/(s sa*j*d)
s sa=
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 )
s ca
8.413 cm2
1400 kgf/cm2
0.831
Mu =
Mc =
13.163 tf.m
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
175 kgf/cm2
100 cm
13.163 tf.m
26.072 tf.m
24
60 kgf/cm2
Mu>Mc ?
not applicable
4) Bar Arrangement
where, M1
Cs
s
m
ssa
sca
n
M1=
Resistance moment
={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2)
(n*sca)/(n*sca+ssa)
ssa/sca
Check M1 > Mf ?
M1=
Mf=
3550674 kgf.cm/m =
35.507 tf.m/m
10.5241
0.5070
23.3333
1400 kgf/cm2
60 kgf/cm2
24
35.507 tf.m
5.187 tf.m
Compressive
Tensile
(a) Tensile Bar

0.02*b*d =
106.00
b*4.5%=
4.50
Required Bar Area
As req=
8.413 cm2
Apply f =
19
@
250 mm
Required Bar Nos
Nos=b/pitch =
4
Bar Area
As =
11.341 cm2
cm2
cm2
d1
nos
ok
Mrs=ssa*As2(d-d2)
Mrs= 841470.6 kgf.cm
where, Mrs
ssa=
1400 kgf/cm2
d=
d2=
0 cm
As2=
8.415 tf.m
11.341 cm2
53 cm

M' = Mf - M1=ssa*As'*(d - d2)
M'=
0.000 tf.m
As' = M'/[ssa*(d - d2)]
d=
d2=
ssa=
53 cm
0 cm
0 kgf/cm2
Required Bar Area

Apply f =
19
Bar Area
As' req=
@
As' =
h
As'=
0.000 cm2
M1=
Mf=
35.507 tf.m
5.187 tf.m
0.000 cm2
250 mm
11.341 cm2
d2
d1
ok

b

Mf
S
ss =
sc =
tm =
max(S,Ss)
Mf/(As*j*d)
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
S/(b*j*d)
5.187
21.694
949.49
14.87
4.503
tf.m/m
tf/m
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
x=kd
check ss < ssa ?
check sc < sca ?
check tm < ta ?
ok
ok
ok
d
As
d1
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
0.00214
0.27322
0.90893
b=
d=
n=
23/30
100 cm
53 cm
24

Mf
S
sc =
ss =
ss' =
tm =
5.187
21.694
11.60
912.43
278.47
4.328
Mf/(b*d^2*Lc)
n*sc*(1-k)/k
n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k
S/(b*j*d)
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
check sc < sca ?

check ss < ssa ?
check ss' < ssa ?
check tm < ta ?
p=As/(bd)
p'=As'/(bd)
k={n^2(p+p')^2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}^05-n(p+p')
Lc=(1/2)k(1-k/3)+(np'/k)(k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)
j=(1-d2/d)+k^2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)
b=
d=
100 cm
53 cm
ok
ok
ok
ok
d2
As'
h
0.00214
0.00214
0.23383
0.15916
0.94584
d2=
n=
x=kd
d
As
d1
0 cm
24
3 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar ( Side )

1) Cracking Moment
Mc=
Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac)
where, Mc
Zc
s'ck
N
Ac
h1
Mc=
938599 kgf.cm/m =
Cracking Moment
Section Modulus
Zc=b*h1^2/6
b=
60 cm
s'ck = 0.5*sck^(2/3)
s ck=
175 kgf/cm2
Axial force (=0)
9.386 tf.m/m
kgf.cm
60000 cm3
15.643 kgf/cm2
0 tf
6000 cm2
100 cm

Design Bending Moment Mf =
Check Mf & Mc
0.934 tf.m/m
1.7*Mf>Mc ?, if yes, check ultimate bending moment
1.7*Mf =
1.587 tf.m
Mc=
9.386 tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc ?

where, Mu
As
s sy
d
s'ck
b
Check Mu & Mc
Mu= 240407.7 kgf.cm

Area of Tensile Bar
cover d1=
7 cm
h1=
100.0 cm
Effective Width
tf.m
cm2
3000 kgf/cm2
93 cm
As=Mf/(s sa*j*d)
s sa=
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 )
s ca
0.863 cm2
1400 kgf/cm2
0.831
Mu =
Mc =
2.404 tf.m
9.385987 tf.m
2.404 tf.m
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
175 kgf/cm2
60 cm
Mu>Mc ?
24
60 kgf/cm2
not applicable
4) Bar Arrangement
where, M1
Cs
s
m
ssa
sca
n
Check M1 > Mf ?
M1=
Resistance moment
={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2)
(n*sca)/(n*sca+ssa)
ssa/sca
M1=
Mf=
65.596 tf.m
0.934 tf.m
6559583 kgf.cm/m =
65.596 tf.m/m
10.5241
0.5070
23.3333
1400 kgf/cm2
60 kgf/cm2
24
24/30
(a) Tensile Bar

0.02*b*d =
111.60
b*4.5%=
2.70
Required Bar Area
As req=
0.863 cm2
Apply f =
12
@
250 mm
Required Bar Nos
Nos=b/pitch =
2.4
Bar Area
As =
2.714 cm2
cm2
cm2
d1
nos
ok
Pitch shall be same as that of toe
Mrs=ssa*As2(d-d2)
Mrs= 353327.6 kgf.cm
where, Mrs
ssa=
1400 kgf/cm2
d=
d2=
0 cm
As2=
3.533 tf.m
2.714
93 cm

M' = Mf - M1=ssa*As'*(d - d2)
M'=
0.000 tf.m
As' = M'/[ssa*(d - d2)]
d=
d2=
ssa=
93 cm
0 cm
1400 kgf/cm2
Required Bar Area

Apply f =
12
Bar Area
As' req=
@
As' =
As'=
0.000 cm2
M1=
Mf=
65.596 tf.m
0.934 tf.m
0.000 cm2
250 mm
2.714 cm2
d2
d1
ok

b

Mf
S
ss =
sc =
tm =
0.934
3.905
388.22
2.67
0.734
max(S,Ss)
Mf/(As*j*d)
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
S/(b*j*d)
tf.m/m
tf/m
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
x=kd
check ss < ssa ?
check sc < sca ?
check tm < ta ?
ok
ok
ok
As
d1
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
0.00049
0.14157
0.95281
b=
d=
n=
60 cm
93 cm
24

Mf
S
sc =
ss =
ss' =
tm =
0.934
3.905
2.42
384.16
58.03
0.727
Mf/(b*d^2*Lc)
n*sc*(1-k)/k
n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k
S/(b*j*d)
p=As/(bd)
p'=As'/(bd)
k={n^2(p+p')^2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}^05-n(p+p')
Lc=(1/2)k(1-k/3)+(np'/k)(k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)
j=(1-d2/d)+k^2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)
b=
d=
60 cm
93 cm
d2=
n=
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
check sc < sca ?

check ss < ssa ?
check ss' < ssa ?
check tm < ta ?
0.00049
0.00049
0.13123
0.07442
0.96286
ok
ok
ok
ok
b
d2
As'
h
x=kd
d
As
d1
0 cm
24
25/30
SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION, BEAM

Description
Abbr.
Effective width of section
Height of Section, H4
Allowable Stress
Compressive Bar
Side
Rectangular Beam
kgf/m2
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/cm2
Required
Designed
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
8.41
11.34 D19@250
0.86
2.71 D12@250
Required
Designed
As' req.
As'
cm2
cm2
0.00
11.34 D19@250
0.00
2.71 D12@250
Mf
Nd
S
tf.m/m
tf/m
tf/m
5.187
0.000
21.694
0.934
0.000
3.905
Mc
tf.m
26.072
8.819
ok
9.386
1.587
ok
Mu
tf.m
As max
As min
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
106.00
4.50
8.41
22.68
111.60
2.70
0.86
5.43
n
d
sc
ss
ss'
tm
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
24
53
14.87 OK
949.49 OK
4.503 OK
24
93
2.67 OK
388.22 OK
0.734 OK
Design Load
Design Axis Force
Shearing Force
Cracking Moment
1.7*Mf
1.7*Mf<Mc ? If no, check Mu
Mu>Mc ?
Max Re-bar
Min Re-bar
Required Bar
Checking of Allowable Stress
Effective height
Compressive Stress
Stirrup
Upper
Rectangular Beam
sc
b
h
d1
d2
d
sca
ssa
tma
ssy
Concrete
Re-Bar
Shearing
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar
unit
175
100
60
7
53
60
1400
5.5
3000
175
60
100
7
93
60
1400
5.5
3000
Remarks
(K175)
(in case shearing stress is not OK.)
ta =
4.503
Design reinforcement bar to stirrup
diameter
12 mm
pitch
250 mm
As =
4.52 cm2
5.5
-0.997 kgf/cm2
ssa As
bP
26/30
2.533 OK
Remarks
1
Input Data
"Input":
Figure in red are input data.
There are two try and error calculation except input data such as dimension and condition.
To calculate them, click on the macro button at their right sides after inputting data.
Button Calculate sc
Button Calculate x
(1) Sheet name "Body", G300 to K301

(2) Sheet name "Body", H436 to N437.
3
Allowable stress for "Body"

If allowable stress is "Check" for body, see Sheet "Body", calculation of stress
Minimum reinforcement bar

Step 1
Calculation of Md', find 1.7Md
Step 2
Comparison between Md' and Mc

if Md' > Mc go to step 3
Step 3
Calculation of Mu
Step 4
Comparison between Mu and Mc

Mu > Mc
OK
If No, effective height must be increased.
Revised
14-Nov-02
27-Nov-02
Seet "Stability"
Cell "H294"
If (E288<0, K282, M72)

M72 is changed.
Incase of e<6/d, X is could not be calculated.
Discription of Case I-1, Case I-2, Case II-1, Case II are as follows.
Direction
Condition
normal
seismic
30-Nov-02
4-Dec-02
I-1
I-2
II-1
II-2
All sheets
Some of inputting cells and calculation result cells have been rearranged.
Safety factors against sliding have been set at the same figures as retaining wall.
revised figure
previous figure
normal condition
1.5
2.0
seismic condition
1.2
1.25
Reinforcement bar arrangements for additional bars and distribution bars have been added.
Modification of stress and additional bar arrangement
12-Dec-02
Minor change: sheets "Stability", "Body" and "Footing"
28-Dec-02
Minor correction: sheets "Body" and "Beam" (calculation results are same as revision 5)
2-Feb-03
Sheet "Input"
Input Cell "L48"was modified to calculation cell.
Input Cells "L49" and "L50" were added.
Cells "I49", "K49", "K50", "L51", "N46", "N47", "N48", "N49" and "N50" were added.
N49" and "N50" were added.

PR AQ 08 Aqueduct Pier

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DIMENSIONS OF PIER

Internal friction angle (degree) f

Young Modulus (reinforcement bar)

Vn=Rd+Rl 42.31 ton

11.76 tf/m2 (normal)

Horizontal seismic coefficient

Allowale bearing capacity Qa

Concrete Design Strength

(normal, left + right)

30.0 t/m2 for soil foundation)

Case I (parallel to bridge axis)

2.2 Structural analysis

Case II (perpendicular to bridge axis)

Effective width (whole width) (cm)

Case II (perpendicular to bridge axis)

1. WEIGHT OF ABUTMENT AND MOMENT

Horizontal seismic coefficient

30.00 t/m2 for soil foundation)

(1) Weigh and center

(2) Inertia force H

(3) Dynamic water pressure

; (b/h < 2.0)

LOAD AND MOMENT

1.1 Sinking (Bearing capacity)

Q is smaller than Qa? OK

Combined Acting Point

BT/3 is larger than e?

Fs is larger than 1.25 ?

Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max

Qe is smaller than Qa? OK

WT/3 is larger than e?

Combined Acting Point

Fs is larger than 1.25 ?

Minimum Foundation Reaction Q max

Qmax is smaller than Qa? OK

Qe is smaller than Qa? OK

Bearing Capacity of soil

(2) Ultimate Bearing Capacity of soil, (qu)

Bearing capacity factor (Figure 2.3 of KP-06, by Capper)

(3) Allowable Bearing Capacity of soil, (qa)

STRUCTURAL CALCULATION, PEIR BODY

Case II (perpendicular to bridge axis)

1) Normal condition (Case I-1 and II-1)

2 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar

3 Summary of Intersectional Force

4 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Rectangular Beam, Normal Condition

2) Checking of Cracking Moment and Design Bending Moment

1.7*Mf>Mc?, if yes check ultimate bending moment

3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Ultimate Bending Moment

(Spec >295 N/mm2)

(Spec >295 N/mm2)

M1= 13106020 kgf.cm

Check M1 > Mf?

(a) Tensile Bar

Mrs= 1770130 kgf.cm

(b) Compressive Bar, in case M1<Mf

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

5 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Column, Seismic Condition

Allowable stress of Reinforcement bar

check: Ac (design) = b*h>Acmin?

Minimum Reifircement Bar

As min = b(m)*4.5 cm2