Republic of the Philippines Polytechnic University of the Philippines Quezon City Campus Bachelor in Business Teacher Education

Initiation, Persistency Cooperative Behavior as Change Related Effort of North Fairview High School in K to 12 Implementation

In partial fulfilment to the requirements Of the course subject Practicum II

Submitted to: Prof. Sheryl B. Morales Prof. Marilyn Isip

Submitted by: Ansale, Divine P. Chavez, Jollyrosetheres C. Daang, Joan Flores, Melanie J. Rodaje, Mariel Rombaon, Mark Joseph P. Sabalberino, Irene B.

March 1, 2014

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:

Education in its general sense is a form of learning in which the knowledge, skills, and habits of a group of people are transferred from one generation to the next through teaching, training, or research. Education frequently takes place under the guidance of others, but may also be autodidactic. Any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational. Education is commonly divided into stages such as preschool, primary school, secondary school and then college, university or apprenticeship.

Every Filipino child now has access to early childhood education through Universal Kindergarten. At 5 years old, children start schooling and are given the means to slowly adjust to formal education. Research shows that children who underwent Kindergarten have better completion rates than those who did not. Children who complete a standards-based Kindergarten program are better prepared, for primary education.

Education for children in the early years lays the foundation for lifelong learning and for the total development of a child. The early years of a human being, from 0 to 6 years, are the most critical period when the brain grows to at least 60-70 percent of adult size.

Education in the Philippines prior to the mid-20th century was patterned on the educational systems of its earlier colonial powers, those of both Spain and the United States. However, after the liberation of the Philippines in 1946 its educational system changed radically. The Philippines' Department of Education (or DepEd) administers the entire educational system, especially its curriculum, along with the utilization of given funds for school services, equipment, recruitment of teachers (for public schools only), etc.

The former educational system of the Philippines was composed of 6 years of elementary education starting at the age of 6, and 4 years of high school education starting at the age of 12. Under this system compulsory education was not enforced. However, 2011 signalled the start of the implementation of a new educational system, which is the compulsory K-12 educational system that includes the new curricula for all schools (see 2010s and the K-12 program).

Basic Education Curriculum (BEC), this is a form of tool which will stand as one point of learning areas as adequate for the development of competencies starting from Basic education up to the second level of which is renounced as High School. This will focus more on developing knowledge, skills, habits and attitudes through the guidance of educationalist assigned. As for 2015, wide grounding has been made for the Philippine Education For All which is known as EFA. A curriculum guides the instructional lessons that teachers use. A curriculum defines what the learner will learn and can possibly guide when the learner learns the information from the lesson. In the Philippines, we have a national curriculum implemented nationwide in all public elementary and secondary schools. It is called the Basic Education Curriculum (BEC).The private schools have the option to enrich or modify the BEC as circumstances in their schools dictate. Furthermore, the DepEd uses the national curriculum as the standard for assessing your performance and the performance of your pupils. There must be only one standard for all.

The K to 12 Program covers Kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years of Junior High School, and two years of Senior High School [SHS]) to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship.

Program implementation in public schools is being done in phases starting SY 2012 2013. Grade 1 entrants in SY 20122013 are the first batch to fully undergo the program, and current 1st year Junior High School students (or Grade 7) are the first to undergo the enhanced secondary education program. To facilitate the transition from the existing 10-year basic education to 12 years, DepEd is also implementing the SHS and SHS Modelling.

INTRODUCTION: The development of K to 12 Program has been made possible by the collaborative efforts of members of the Steering Committee which is composed of DepED, CHED, TESDA, and other stakeholders. The governments K-12 program is a much-needed change for the countrys education system. Through this program, people may expect better-trained citizens who could be competitive with the knowledge and skills of people trained abroad. Before the Implementation of the K-12 program began, the Philippines is one of the very few countries remaining that provide only ten years of basic education, six years in elementary and four years secondary. This short period makes it difficult for Filipinos to be competitive with countries like Japan or Korea, that have at least 12 years of basic education under their belt. In most cases, the extra years spent in basic education should enable students to tackle subjects like mathematics and science in more details, instead of the rushed manner used in the old education system. People can also expect that the new K-12 system will produce graduates who are more prepared for college education. The program is expected to provide a clear view of which career they would take. This may lead to less drop-out, and more chances of success in graduating from whatever course they choose. The K-12 system is not without its critics. Some people say that it is not the number of years that should be increased, but the quality of instruction that the students receive. In a way, adding a few years to basic education can still provide the quality that students need. Now on its first year of implementation, the K-12 program is not without challenges, but it is an endeavour worth pursuing if we truly intend to improve the Philippine education system. By investing more time and resources in our education, we can expect our graduates to become

competitive in the global business arena, and bring more success that would contribute towards building our nation.

With this, we had chosen the North Fairview High School as the locale of our study. Vision, Mission of North Fairview High School VISION North Fairview High School, envisions a Filipino society responsive to the educational, social, political, economical and cultural challenges. MISSION

We seek to fulfil our vision by forming on academically-competent, skill-oriented, environmentconscious, culture appreciative and disciplined Filipino high school students imbued with spiritual values and attitudes. Statistics of Enrolment in North Fairview High School
1st Year 1549 1424 1313 1437 1444 1430 2nd Year 1321 1282 1320 1324 1315 1024 3rd Year 1182 1208 1190 1234 996 946 4th Year 1129 1106 1081 938 904 980 School Year 2010-2011 2009-2010 2008-2009 2007-2008 2006-2007 2005-2006

DISCUSSIONS: North Fairview High School followed and used Basic Education Curriculum way back 2002 where it was implemented by the DepEd. The goal of this curriculum is to make education more effective and make learners to be more competitive which seems successful based on the increased in the level of performance of the students of the North Fairview High School and this continued up to 2012. Year 2013 when K+12 was approved by the Senate to used as the new and modern program for education, K+12 is adding two years in all secondary level education here in Philippines where in, the learning of the students must be focus on the skill development of ones individual. North Fairview High School had started to implement K+12 program last school year, and they were now having Grades 7 and Grades 8. In implementing K+12, each school must have teachers who have been passed and have the National Certificate wherein it may show how their teachers were skilled enough to teach in the new program of education. Every teacher must have at least 3 different National Certificate in different sectors of Technology and Livelihood Education or most known as TLE. Teacher must acquired different skills to be qualified to teach in future Grades 11 and Grades 12. Every teacher now had given two years to get their National Certificates, and if they do not have that it would be hard for them to stay on the teaching track now because in K+12 their goal is to provide a skilful individual that could be globally competitive. In this case, there were teachers who were determined to get the National Certificate so that they could teach into K+12 but there were teachers who are not in favour of K+12 program since they need to study and be trained all over again. Some of the teachers were aged and they were worrying about how they will attend different seminar and how they will recall such important things that theyve done a very long time ago. Some of the teachers were not that confident to take the examination or assessment because once they do not pass the

assessment; of course they need to have re-assessment in which they need to pay again. For teachers to have National Certificate, they need to be trained and assess in TESDA. The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority was established through the enactment of Republic Act No. 7796 authored by Senator Francisco Tatad otherwise known as the "Technical Education and Skills Development Act of 1994", which was signed into law by President Fidel V. Ramos on August 25, 1994. This Act aims to encourage the full participation of and mobilize the industry, labour, local government units and technicalvocational institutions in the skills development of the country's human resources. The merging of the National Manpower and Youth Council (NMYC) of the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE), the Bureau of Technical and Vocational Education (BTVE) of the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS), and the Apprenticeship Program of the Bureau of Local Employment (BLE) of DOLE gave birth to TESDA. The fusion of the above offices was one of the key recommendations of the 1991 Report of the Congressional Commission on Education, which undertook a national review of the state of Philippine education and manpower development. It was meant to reduce overlapping in skills development activities initiated by various public and private sector agencies, and to provide national directions for the country's technical-vocational education and training (TVET) system. Hence, a major thrust of TESDA is the formulation of a comprehensive development plan for middle-level manpower based on the National Technical Education and Skills Development Plan. This plan shall provide for a reformed industry-based training program that includes apprenticeship, dual training system and other similar schemes.

Here are the following questions that we asked to the teachers of Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE teachers) in North Fairview High School to know and to get their own opinion about the Basic Education Curriculum and the new program which is the K+12 program: How do they find K+12 Program in Secondary Level as a new way of educating individual? What are the changes that they need to deal with? Is K+12 Program really helpful to the students or not? Which one do they prefer to have? BEC or K+ 12?

With these following questions, we asked 7 teachers of TLE Department because they were the most affected by the changes of the K+12 Program. How do they find K+12 Program in Secondary Level as a new way of educating individual? For the first questions, Three (3) out of seven (7) teachers said their perception about the K+12 Program as hindrance to the way of learning of students. As it was clearly stated Actually, yung K12 program na yan ay hindi ko gaano gusto kasi kulang sa facilities and equipment yung school sa ngayon, kaya sinong nahihirapan? Teacher din. Pero ang kagandahan nito ay skills talaga ang napagtutuunan ng pansin since exploratory course pa ito kaya maraming elective ang mapag-aaralan pa nila with this statement came from the teachers, according to Philippine Inquirer, they have a column that focuses on the issues about the implementation of the K+12 Program in the country in which they stated different issues regarding the effects of K+12 Program to the learning cycle of the students.

The birth pains that marked the launching last year of K + 12 - a bold program meant to align the Philippines with the global 12-year basic education cycle - are not going away soon, along with the usual problems encountered at the beginning of each school year. A quarter of the Philippines nearly 100 million population are studentssome 21 million of them enrolled in more than 46,000 public schools and the rest in private facilities, according to statistics from the Department of Education (DepEd) for the school year 2011-12. (Figures from the last school year remained unavailable.) Classes in public schools begin Mondayin some impoverished areas under the trees and still in others under tents, particularly in the Compostela Valley, where buildings were flattened in the devastating onslaught in December by Typhoon Pablo and remained unbuilt. On May 15, President Aquino signed into law the program mandating Filipino pupils to attend kindergarten, six years of elementary school education, four years of junior high school and two years of senior high school. The signing officially ended the countrys 10-year basic education cycle, which now exists only in Angola and Djibouti. New learning materials under the revised curriculum for Grade 2 and Grade 8 (formerly second year high school) will again be delivered late, as in last year when the K + 12 program was rolled out. As in the previous year, teachers did not have enough time to prepare. They only had a five-day mass training just before the start of classes. Still, this second year of the programs implementation should be better as th e DepEd gains experience, said Armin Luistro, the education secretary and former president of De La Salle University, in a recent interview. Its not generally understood and quite hard to explain that the K to 12 is a curriculum reform that involves changes in textbooks, changes in classrooms, retooling of teachers, etc.,

said Luistro. Even if there is no K to 12, we have to address the backlog in classrooms, toilets, teachers, etc. The DepEd started revising the basic education curriculum the past school year in Grades 1 and 7. In any undertaking the first year of implementation is faced with a lot of glitches, challenges, said Education Assistant Secretary Jesus Mateo when asked about the rushed training of teachers and the long delays in the delivery of the learning materials. For the new curriculum for Grades 2 and 8 this year, the learning materials would again be delivered late, although Mateo promised these would reach the teachers and students earlier by the end of June or early July. We made (the curriculum change) gradual, so we will improve as we move along the full implementation. This year will not be as problematic as last year, he said. A major change this year was the decision to tap the DepEds own experts in the field and in the main office to develop and train the teachers for the new curriculum. The department previously sought the help of mostly university educators as subject area convenors to develop the teachers and learners materials. Training This time, the DepEds Bureau of Elementary Education (BEE) took the lead for the Grade 2 curriculum development, while the Bureau of Secondary Education (BSE) handled the Grade 8 curriculum, working with DepEd teacher experts. This is a lot better than last year. We learned. The training was better-planned. There was even a chief trainers training before the trainers training. We learned from the experience last time, said BEE education program specialist Galileo Go. The trainers attended a seven-day program in April. The national training for the Grade 8 trainers was held in Baguio City on April 14-20. Three sets of training were held for the Grade 2

trainers: in Quezon City for Luzon, Cebu City for Visayas-Mindanao, and in Iloilo City for a special training session for the province. The mass teachers training started after the May 13 elections. Leversia Rivera, an English teacher at Manila Science High School for the last 14 years, said the training had improved but it was still not enough. She took part in the training for Grade 8 teachers from Manila, Caloocan and Pasay City public schools on May 20-24 at Philippine Normal University. She said the teachers who underwent the mass training last year appreciated the exercise this time. Incomplete materials However, the teachers were handed only a curriculum guide consisting of a few pages, and teaching modules contained lessons only for the first quarter, Rivera said. Its hard to see the continuity when you do not know where youre supposed to go by the end of the school year, she said. We cant blame the trainers since these were the same materials given to them. They assured us the lessons up to the fourth quarter period have been completed. Maybe its in the production, she went on. The teachers nevertheless pooled their resources to get soft copies of all the materials available and reproduced these at their own cost. Go, who was the lead trainer for the revised Grade 2 English subject, said the teachers guides were ready by December last year so the bureau had more time to plan and prepare the training modules. Unlike in the pilot year when the subject area convenors developed all the Grade 1 learning materials, including those for the various Mother Tongue subjects, the Grade 2 learners materials were devolved to the DepEd regional offices. Using the learners guide developed by the BEE in Filipino, the DepEd regional offices tailor-fitted the materials per subject according to their language and cultural context.

K + 12 reverted to a multilingual education with the use of the mother tongue (the language a child uses at home) as a medium of instruction from kinder to Grade 3 and as a separate subject from Grade 1 to Grade 3. The DepEd is employing 12 major local languagesTagalog, Kapampangan, Pangasinense, Iloko, Bikol, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Waray, Tausug, Maguindanaoan, Maranao and Chabacanointroduced as a subject in Grades 1 to 3 in select schools. The teachers guides, however, are all written in English. Not enough training Five days of training is admittedly not enough, Go said, especially since teachers in the lower grade levels usually handle most if not all of the subjects in their grade level. The same teachers who underwent the Grade 1 curriculum training also turned up for the Grade 2 curriculum training. Grade 1 and 2 teachers can teach all the subjects, said Go, who had taught all grade school subjects as a teacher and acting principal in Mogpong, Marinduque, before he joined the DepEd in 2004. BSE education program specialist Marivic Tolitol said the Grade 8 curriculum was completed earlier than last year. A physical education teacher before she joined the DepEd in 1998, Tolitol said she used to simply follow the lesson outline of the textbook. Before, I did not know there was a framework. I did not know why I was teaching these topics. I thought the textbook was it. But in fact you have to adjust the textbook according to the scope and topics you are teaching, she said. She said the topics in the new curriculum were arranged to build on skills that had been acquired. If you simply follow the textbook, you do not understand the prerequisites, she said.

There is a very big change (in the new curriculum). Now the focus is to teach for understanding, not for facts or low level information. The Grade 8 learners guide, or learners material, per subject area is a thick pile of loose sheets bound together, Tolitol said. The learners material for Filipino has about 500 pages. Real-life applications With a revised curriculum, the existing textbooks in schools are no longer the primary source of materials but have instead become supplements to the new learning concepts developed by the DepEd. The textbooks are references but the exercises are already included in the materials. There are built-in readings, Tolitol explained. The emphasis on real-life applications of learning also opens the door to tapping resources outside the classroom. We have very rich resources, like people, parents and the people in the community. The Internet can be a resource. If you depend on the textbook youre not even sure if it was printed correctly, she said. Dont get me wrong. Textbooks are important. All were saying is we should not be limited to the textbook. The Grade 2 learners materials, on the other hand, are in book form. Go said the department had taken note of the activities in the existing textbooks that the teachers could still use in the new curriculum. If the learners materials are not yet there, they make their own on Manila paper, he said. If I will teach again, its better now because we have a lot of materials. Before, when I was in the mountains, I had no textbook. We were using Manila paper. I did everything. Spiral approach Rivera said she appreciated the curriculum framework, including the spiral approach in tackling lessons, but believed the new curriculum would work only under ideal school conditions. In itself, the spiral approach is good and will ensure understanding so students can

apply knowledge and competencies and be lifelong learners. Given favorable conditions, it will really work. But there are the realities. In some schools there are 80 students in a class, she said. As a specialized school, Manila Science High School has the ideal class size of 35 students. Rivera said teachers would cope even if the implementation was in a trial-and-error stage. Teachers are inherently creative and resourceful. Thats how it is when youre a teacher. Well do our part. We hope DepEd central [office] would do its job and ensure the basic inputs, she said. Mateo said the result of the K-to-12 reform would be known when pupils who entered kindergarten in school year 2011-12 had been through the new curriculum. The impact will be seen after six years because for those who will enter kinder, the assessment is when they finish (elementary school), he said. Planning senior high The DepEd, meanwhile, has its eye on the fast-approaching 2016, when the added senior high school kicks in nationwide. Luistro outlined general plans to give high school graduates viable options other than having to get a college degree to land a good job. High school education is currently a one-size-fits-all program that assumes all graduates are meant for college, the department says. High school graduates who cannot afford college cannot land good jobs. To help plan for the major infrastructure needs, Luistro said the department tapped the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to map out the capacity of private high schools as well as colleges and universities to absorb senior high students. The government cannot build all the classrooms and hire all the teachers needed for senior high school, what with the need for classrooms and teachers going up each year in public schools. Luistro said he was hoping for a 60:40 ratio between public schools and private schools

in accommodating the more than 2 million senior high school students expected in 2016 and 2017. Subsidizing students in private schools is less costly than if these students are in public schools. In principle, the government saves more if there are more students absorbed by private schools. But the question is, not all can be absorbed by private schools, Luistro said. 2-year college vacuum He said that extending subsidy to private schools would not only address the governments logistical problem but also the concern of private colleges and universities, which would not have freshman enrollees in 2016 and 2017. More importantly, the ADB mapping will also look into the senior high school programs that private schools plan to offer, whether in the regular academic track, the technical-vocational programs, entrepreneurial or the sports and arts courses. Luistro wants senior high school programs to be tailor-fit for the locality in order to afford graduates who will not pursue college a good chance at employment or entrepreneurship. What we want in senior high school is specialized. If we will offer the same kind of programs, then all our graduates will compete for the same kind of jobs, he said. Senior high schools have to localize their technical-vocational or entrepreneurial programs, Luistro said. It will be easy if the province has a development plan, like Batangas has piers so it needs welders. The problem is if the province has no development plan, we have no basis to plan, he said. We do not want a situation where since there is a fad for Tesda (Technical Education and Skills Development Authority) courses in beauty care, cosmetology, manicure and pedicure,

youll have so many such graduates in a barangay. What will you all do? Thats the problem, he said. Luistro has suggested to Tesda the development of courses for scuba diving and surfing and others related to local tourism. Dive spots in the provinces are a draw for tourists who stay for several weeks, he said, but the country has no diving academy.But with regards to the first question, 4 out of 7 teacher says that K+12 is a good start for the new cycle of education in the country. In which clearly stated that I look at it as an educational change and a modern learning for the students with this statement, it was supported by this column that states the good effects of K+12 in the education of the Filipinos. Starting this coming school year 2012- 2013,the current education system of the Philippines will be enhanced from the 10- years of basic education into 12- years through the program called the K-12 Education Plan of the Department of Education. The implementation of the K- 12 education plan in the Philippine Basic Education Curriculum is the key to our nations development. Though the government will face many problems in the long run of the implementation of the program, there really is a need to implement it because the enhancement of the quality of our education is very urgent and critical. Here are some of the good reasons not to disagree with K- 12 education plan in the Philippines according to Isagani Cruz (2010) in one of his columns in a local newspaper: If K- 12 will be implemented, students will be able to get sufficient instructional time to do subject- related tasks which makes them more prepared and well- trained on that subject area. On the other hand, if we remain on the old system, Filipino students would continually get low

achievement scores. For instance, international test results revealed that we often come at the tail end in the exams compared to other countries. Another good reason why we should support K- 12 is that the graduates of this program will be more prepared to enter the labor force. As we all noticed, high school graduates of the current curriculum are not yet employable for the reason that they are not yet competent and well equipped with the skills needed in the workplaces. In addition, most high school graduates are not yet reaching the legal age of 18. With the new curriculum, senior high school students can choose a field that they are good at and that they are interested in. As a result, they will be equipped with the skills needed for a specific job even without a college degree. At the age of 18, the age when they graduate from high school, they will be employable and competitive already. Thus, adding up to the nations manpower. Finally, with K- 12, Filipino graduates will be automatically recognized as professionals abroad because we are following the international education standard as practiced by all nations. There will be no need to study again and spend more money in order to qualify to their standards. With this, Filipino professionals who aspire to work abroad will not find a hard time in getting jobs in line with their chosen field and will be able to help their families more in the Philippines as well as the countrys economy with their remittances, property buying, and creation of businesses. Filipinos are known to be competitive in the international community. While this may be true, our current education system hinders us in becoming more competitive among other countries. The K- 12 education plan offers a great solution to that problem. However, it is undeniable that there seems to be problems arising as we implement the program such as lack of government budget, classrooms and school supplies as well as the teachers. But, if we focus on

the long- term effect of K- 12, we can conclude that it is very beneficial to us Filipinos. Therefore, we must have the strong will in supporting K- 12 Educational Plan for the betterment of our education system and economy. Remember, if we want change in our society, we must start it with our education system. What are the changes that they need to deal with? With this question, 7 out of 7 Teachers says that they need to change their techniques and even their methods in teaching because they were now teaching with an outcome or with an application for the students to understand deeper the topic and lessons. It was clearly stated by the teachers that Sa mga adjustments pagdating sa teaching styles especially kapag TLE teachers kasi mas madali na naituturo ang subject kapag kumpleto sa equipments, dapat nakafocus sa students. Sa pag-gawa ng Lesson plan kailangan din ng pagbabago kasi simplified na yung Lesson Plan ngayon, mas specific na, Outcome agad ang nauuna hindi ganun ka-detailed. Sa pagta-take naman ng NC ng mga teachers kailangan mas knowledgeable.with this statement, it really shows that there is a big impact to the teachers to teach in this program. According to Education Secretary Br. Armin A. Luistro, the new curriculum is focused more on the learners and not on the teacher. Luistro said, We are making it a real learning experience for the students, meaning, it will be less on memorization and more encouraging of critical thinking. In addition to this, a mother tongue-based multi-lingual education (MTBMLE) will be used for instruction in Kinder to Grade 3 classes after studies showed that students learn more when their language at home is used in discussing the lessons in school. Also, there will be less contact time as Grade 1 pupils will only attend school for half a day instead of 6 hours. Luistro explains, It is important that our learners develop that natural love for learning

and not feel that it is something imposed on themwe will reduce it to four hours to make education less stressful and more enjoyable. For the first year high school curriculum, Luistro mentions that the lessons will be more interactive and meaningful to everyday life. This means that Science will be reflected in terms of its practical use. He further explains, as students go up the ladder, we want them to learn skills that are being demanded by employers while at the same time giving them the chance to appreciate and enjoy the lessons. For instance, Luistro stresses that Science is to be integrated in all learning areas since it is a complex subject. He further expounds, the focus of early education (Kinder to Grade 2) should be the fundamental skills and literacy of the pupils to develop better comprehension for more complicated subjects such as science. A study done by SEAMEO points out that the current curriculum allots about 1,100 minutes per week in elementary education to Science, which will change with the introduction of K-12. Luistro says, this, coupled with teaching more competencies, imply congestion in our current elementary Science curriculum. To address this, Science will now be integrated into the teaching of the Language, Mathematics and Health under MAPEH subjects beginning at Kindergarten. Prof. Calingasan further explains that the K-12 curriculum for Social Studies will instead center on historical thinking skills rather than memory work (of dates, names, regions, capitals, etc) and accumulation of facts. She mentions examples of thinking skills such as weighing the evidence of any information, using primary source evidence, analyzing and interpreting information, manifesting ethical standards (e.g., respect for differences, recognition of sources of evidence/idea). The K-12 Social Studies curriculum will also teach students about local history. Is K+12 Program really helpful to the students or not?

For the next questions, is K+12 Program really helpful to the students learning or not? All of the teachers would be greatly agreed to the effects of K+12 program to their students, it was clearly stated to their answer that Good, kasi mas na-eenhance yung versatility ng isang teacher, mas nagiging competent, mas magiging effective. Kasama sa buhay ang changes and the best solution is to just accept and enhance the new. It would also be a good training for professionalism. It was clearly stated that teachers had really understand the effects of this program to the students but still, there were teachers who do not agreed to this program because of the requirements for the teachers in order for them to be qualified to teach. MANILA, PhilippinesAdding two years to the present 10-year basic education cycle is an absolutely essential reform to put the countrys public education system at par with the rest of the world, an international education expert said on Wednesday. Sheldon Shaeffer, director at the Bureau of Education of the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (Unesco) Asia Pacific, said the K+12 program (Kindergarten plus 12 years) was a necessary reform to make the system comparable to and competitive with other countries. Speaking at a lecture on school leadership at the Department of Education (DepEd), Shaeffer said a 12-year education cycle would be more useful to the personal needs and employment opportunities of its graduates. I actually dont see how people can disagree with it, said Shaeffer before an audience of top Philippine education officials and representatives from various schools. The flagship education program of the Aquino administration, the K+12 basic education reform plan aims to improve the quality of Filipino high school graduates by adding two years of senior high school to the current 10-year education curriculum.

The two additional years in senior high school are envisioned to serve as a specialization period for high school students, whether in vocational skills, music, the arts or sports. This would give high school graduates the option to pursue jobs with a basic education diploma or proceed to college. The program aims to make Philippine education at par with the rest of the world, with 12 years of basic schooling already a global standard. According to the DepEd, only the Philippines, Angola and Djibouti have a 10-year basis schooling cycle. Officials said the two-year shortcoming had proven problematic in the accreditation of Philippine graduates when applying for postgraduate courses and employment overseas. Recently, Laos added a year to its 11-year-program, Shaeffer noted. Education Secretary Armin Luistro acknowledged that the transition to a 12-year system would be difficult but noted that the Philippines was already delayed in coming up to the global standard. What were looking at now is how to implement it. In [implementing] any change, there will be difficulty and this is what we really have to work on together. Its not possible for change to be painless, Luistro said. The DepEd started the phased implementation of K+12 in June 2011, with the institutionalized public kindergarten program for 5-year-olds. It is set to introduce a new curriculum for Grade 1 and 1st year high school when the school year opens in June this year. If implemented on schedule, the full K+12 program will have its first graduates in March 2018. Which one do they prefer to have still? BEC ( Basic Education Curriculum) or K+12 Program? With the final question, 4 out of 7 teachers says that they really prefer to have BEC or Basic Education Curriculum as the basis for the learning of the students but the remaining 3 says that they would prefer to have K+12 program as the new basis of the learning of the students. To the

teachers who preferred to have BEC or Basic Education Curriculum had clearly stated that for me BEC, the only problem with BEC is that it lacks 2 years with the international standards in terms of education. For me, we just need to add two years with technical courses and minor subjects in college so that college level can focus on major subjects. The problem with K+12 is first, the implementation of the program itself, the orientation for the students and parents and lastly the trainings for the teachers. To the teachers who preferred K+12 say that we prefer K+12 program because we are now in the modern ages so its time to change our curriculum. Its a long process but with the help of the teachers, education could be achieved to the fullest This debate is on whether the government should put its limited resources on the Enhanced K-12 Basic Education Program which will add two years to our present 10-year basic education. The enhanced K-12 program as many now know, will have kindergarten, 6 years of elementary education, four years of junior high school (Grades 7 to 10), and two years of senior high school. According to the 2010 Department of Education Briefing Report, the last two years (Grades 11 and 12) will provide time for the student to consolidate acquired academic skills and competencies. It plans to complete the enhanced 12-year curriculum and start with incoming Grade 1 students of SY 2012-13. The rationale for the two years is to decongest and enhance basic education curricula, provide quality learning, and be at par with other countries in Asia which provide more years for basic education. Now, a lot of students were alarmed. Some argues that this program will serve as an extra expense of our government while some says its a big opportunity for us to produce well experienced, competitive and international skilled graduates. Possible reasons against K-12 Basic Education Program: 1. It is unrealistic and may drive more youths to drop out of school. 2. It is impractical for a country that has one of the lowest budgets for education.

3. It will require extra expenses for families in our society where the majority is impoverished. 4. It could also reinforce cheap semi-skilled labor for foreign markets. 5. It will just add up to the burden of parents and students. Possible reasons for K-12 Basic Education Program: 1. It will provide time for the student to consolidate acquired academic skills and competencies. 2. It will also decongest and enhance basic education curricula, provide quality learning, and be at equality with other countries in Asia which provide more years for basic education. 3. The additional two years in the said program is crucial to come up with a proposal in enhancing our basic education program in a manner that is least disruptive to the current curriculum, most affordable to government and families, and aligned with international practice. 4. This quality of education is reflected in the inadequate preparation of high school graduates for the world of work or entrepreneurship or higher education. 5. Its a good opportunity to match the academic levels of other countries.

SUMMARY:

Every Filipino child now has access to early childhood education through Universal Kindergarten. At 5 years old, children start schooling and are given the means to slowly adjust to formal education. Research shows that children who underwent Kindergarten have better completion rates than those who did not. Children who complete a standards-based Kindergarten program are better prepared, for primary education.

Education for children in the early years lays the foundation for lifelong learning and for the total development of a child. The early years of a human being, from 0 to 6 years, are the most critical period when the brain grows to at least 60-70 percent of adult size.

Education in the Philippines prior to the mid-20th century was patterned on the educational systems of its earlier colonial powers, those of both Spain and the United States. However, after the liberation of the Philippines in 1946 its educational system changed radically. The Philippines' Department of Education (or DepEd) administers the entire educational system, especially its curriculum, along with the utilization of given funds for school services, equipment, recruitment of teachers (for public schools only), etc.

The former educational system of the Philippines was composed of 6 years of elementary education starting at the age of 6, and 4 years of high school education starting at the age of 12. Under this system compulsory education was not enforced. However, 2011 signalled the start of the implementation of a new educational system, which is the compulsory K-12 educational system that includes the new curricula for all schools (see 2010s and the K-12 program).

North Fairview High School followed and used Basic Education Curriculum way back 2002 where it was implemented by the DepEd. The goal of this curriculum is to make education more effective and make learners to be more competitive which seems successful based on the increased in the level of performance of the students of the North Fairview High School and this continued up to 2012. Year 2013 when K+12 was approved by the Senate to used as the new and modern program for education, K+12 is adding two years in all secondary level education here in Philippines where in, the learning of the students must be focus on the skill development of ones individual. North Fairview High School had started to implement K+12 program last school year, and they were now having Grades 7 and Grades 8. In implementing K+12, each school must have teachers who have been passed and have the National Certificate wherein it may show how their teachers were skilled enough to teach in the new program of education. Every teacher must have at least 3 different National Certificate in different sectors of Technology and

Livelihood Education or most known as TLE. Teacher must acquired different skills to be qualified to teach in future Grades 11 and Grades 12. Every teacher now had given two years to get their National Certificates, and if they do not have that it would be hard for them to stay on the teaching track now because in K+12 their goal is to provide a skilful individual that could be globally competitive. In this case, there were teachers who were determined to get the National Certificate so that they could teach into K+12 but there were teachers who are not in favour of K+12 program since they need to study and be trained all over again. Some of the teachers were aged and they were worrying about how they will attend different seminar and how they will recall such important things that theyve done a very long time ago. Some of the teachers were not that confident to take the examination or assessment because once they do not pass the assessment; of course they need to have re-assessment in which they need to pay again. For teachers to have National Certificate, they need to be trained and assess in TESDA. With this case, we had given them set of questions to know and get their opinion about the implementation of K+12 Program and how teachers will deal to the fast transitions of the program about the education in our country. of course, some of them agreed to the program and still, there were some who do not agreed to this program not because they do not like the program itself but the requirements to be qualified to teach with this K+12 program.

ABSTRACT: I. Introduction:

Education in the Philippines prior to the mid-20th century was patterned on the educational systems of its earlier colonial powers, those of both Spain and the United States. However, after the liberation of the Philippines in 1946 its educational system changed radically. The Philippines' Department of Education (or DepEd) administers the entire educational system, especially its curriculum, along with the utilization of given funds for school services, equipment, recruitment of teachers (for public schools only), etc.

The former educational system of the Philippines was composed of 6 years of elementary education starting at the age of 6, and 4 years of high school education starting at the age of 12. Under this system compulsory education was not enforced. However, 2011 signalled the start of the implementation of a new educational system, which is the compulsory K-12 educational system that includes the new curricula for all schools (see 2010s and the K-12 program). II. Background of the Study: The development of K to 12 Program has been made possible by the collaborative efforts of members of the Steering Committee which is composed of DepED, CHED, TESDA, and other stakeholders. The governments K-12 program is a much-needed change for the countrys education system. Through this program, people may expect better-trained citizens who could be competitive with the knowledge and skills of people trained abroad.

Before the Implementation of the K-12 program began, the Philippines is one of the very few countries remaining that provide only ten years of basic education, six years in elementary and four years secondary. This short period makes it difficult for Filipinos to be competitive with countries like Japan or Korea, that have at least 12 years of basic education under their belt. In most cases, the extra years spent in basic education should enable students to tackle subjects like mathematics and science in more details, instead of the rushed manner used in the old education system. III. Discussion: North Fairview High School followed and used Basic Education Curriculum way back 2002 where it was implemented by the DepEd. The goal of this curriculum is to make education more effective and make learners to be more competitive which seems successful based on the increased in the level of performance of the students of the North Fairview High School and this continued up to 2012. Year 2013 when K+12 was approved by the Senate to used as the new and modern program for education, K+12 is adding two years in all secondary level education here in Philippines where in, the learning of the students must be focus on the skill development of ones individual. North Fairview High School had started to implement K+12 program last school year, and they were now having Grades 7 and Grades 8. In implementing K+12, each school must have teachers who have been passed and have the National Certificate wherein it may show how their teachers were skilled enough to teach in the new program of education. Every teacher must have at least 3 different National Certificate in different sectors of Technology and Livelihood Education or most known as TLE. Teacher must acquired different skills to be qualified to teach in future Grades 11 and Grades 12. Every teacher now had

given two years to get their National Certificates, and if they do not have that it would be hard for them to stay on the teaching track now because in K+12 their goal is to provide a skilful individual that could be globally competitive. In this case, there were teachers who were determined to get the National Certificate so that they could teach into K+12 but there were teachers who are not in favour of K+12 program since they need to study and be trained all over again. Some of the teachers were aged and they were worrying about how they will attend different seminar and how they will recall such important things that theyve done a very long time ago. Some of the teachers were not that confident to take the examination or assessment because once they do not pass the assessment; of course they need to have re-assessment in which they need to pay again. For teachers to have National Certificate, they need to be trained and assess in TESDA. Here are the following questions that we asked to the teachers of Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE teachers) in North Fairview High School to know and to get their own opinion about the Basic Education Curriculum and the new program which is the K+12 program: How do they find K+12 Program in Secondary Level as a new way of educating individual? What are the changes that they need to deal with? Is K+12 Program really helpful to the students or not? Which one do they prefer to have? BEC or K+ 12?

With these following questions, we asked 7 teachers of TLE Department because they were the most affected by the changes of the K+12 Program.

IV.

Summary:

Every Filipino child now has access to early childhood education through Universal Kindergarten. At 5 years old, children start schooling and are given the means to slowly adjust to formal education.

Research shows that children who underwent Kindergarten have better completion rates than those who did not. Children who complete a standards-based Kindergarten program are better prepared, for primary education.

Education for children in the early years lays the foundation for lifelong learning and for the total development of a child. The early years of a human being, from 0 to 6 years, are the most critical period when the brain grows to at least 60-70 percent of adult size.

Before, each school used the BEC or the Basic Education Curriculum in which is a form of tool which will stand as one point of learning areas as adequate for the development of competencies starting from Basic education up to the second level of which is renounced as High School. This will focus more on developing knowledge, skills, habits and attitudes through the guidance of educationalist assigned

A curriculum guides the instructional lessons that teachers use. A curriculum defines what the learner will learn and can possibly guide when the learner learns the information from the lesson. In the Philippines, we have a national curriculum implemented nationwide in all public elementary and secondary schools. It is called the Basic Education Curriculum (BEC).The private schools have the option to enrich or modify the BEC as circumstances in their schools dictate.

Last year, the K+12 program was implemented to the schools of our country. The K to 12 Program covers Kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years of Junior High School, and two years of Senior High School [SHS]) to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship. Program implementation in public schools is being done in phases starting SY 20122013. Grade 1 entrants in SY 20122013 are the first batch to fully undergo the program, and current 1st year Junior High School students (or Grade 7) are the first to undergo the enhanced secondary education program. To facilitate the transition from the existing 10-year basic education to 12 years, DepEd is also implementing the SHS and SHS Modelling.

REFERENCES:

http://cianeko.hubpages.com/hub/The-Implementation-o-the-K-12-Program-in-the-PhilippineBasic-Education-Curriculum http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/419261/k-12-still-struggling http://www.smartparenting.com.ph/kids/preschooler/k-12-101-a-primer-on-the-newphilippine-education-curriculum/page/3

FORMAT: Font style: Times New Roman Font size: 12 Spacing: Double Space