Crane Engineering Data2

Engineering Data
1 CRANE 1
I
Metrii
ISO METRIC BOLTS

SCREWS AND NUTS
GENERAL INFORMATION
BLACK BOLTS
Grade 4..6 Bolts and Grade 4 Nuts to BS 4 190: 1967
HlGH TENSILE BOLTS

Grade 8.8 Bolts and Grade 8 Nuts to BS 3692: 1967
THREADS
IS0 Coarse Pitch Metric Threads to BS 3643: 1963
DiMENSIONS
HEXAGON BOLTS AND NUTS (MILLIMETRES)
Size designation MS
M6
MB
IWO
Ml2
a16 MZO- y24 M27 M30 ,q

5
19
Diameter of unthr& shank bnax)
5.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
10.0
20.0
24.0
27.0
30.0
Width across flats

bnax)
8.0
10.0
13.0
17.0
19.0
24.0
30.0
36.0
41.0
46.0
Width across
comers bnmd
9.2
11.5
150
19.6
21.9
27.7
34,6
41.6
47.3
S3+1
-Depth of bolt head

(nominal)
3.5
4.0
5.5
7.0
8.0
10.0
13.0, l&O
17.0
19.0
22.0
24.0
Depth.of nut
(nominal)
.
4.0
5.0
6.5
8.0
10.0
13.0
l&O
19.0
LENGTH OF THREAD
HEXAGON eOLTS
Up to and including
125 mm long
Notes:
Bdts that are too short for minimum

thread lengths will be threaded full
length and d8siited scr8ws.
Bdts in the diameter range Ml6 to
M27 indusi~, up to 12S mm length,
may ahmmtivdy have a shorter
thread length equal to ).SD but this
option must be spe&illy mquasted.
Over 125mm upto

and includina 200 mm
ml
overmChnmlong
(MILLIMETRES)
--
16
18
22
26
30
38
46
54
60
66
22
24
28
32
36
44
52
60
66
72
35
37
41
45
49
57
65
73
79
85
-k-
OTHER STRENGTH GRADES AND THRFADS

BS 3692 and BS 4190 together list 10 strength grades of boltsand screws aid 6
grades df nuts. In the interests of variety reduction the UK bolt and nut indust&
has decided to standard% on only two grades of bolts (4.6 and 8.8) and two
grades of nuts (4 and 8). Furthermore, these grades of bolts, screws and nuts
wi II be produced as standard items with Metric. Course Threads.only, to BS 3643.
All other grades, also bolts, etc required with Metric Fine Thread, will be
regarded as specials. -
RECOMMENDED BOLT AND NUT STRENGTH GRADE COMBINATIONS

Normally Grade 4 nuts will be used with Grade 4.6 bolts and Grade 8 nuts with
Grade 8.8 bolts; It is however satisfactory to substitute a higher strength grade
nut for a lower one. Thus it is acceptable to use a Grade 8 nut on a Grade 4.6
bolt.
:80
Engineering Data
e ric
Mt
IS0 METRIC BOLTS
SCREWS AND NUTS
DESIGN DATA
BOLTS AND SCREWS
Sia daslgn8tlo8l
Ml5
Pitch
mm
Stress
area
mm
Pitch
acea
mm
Grade 4.6
M6M8
0.80
1.0
2 14.2
20.1
4.480
5.350
Ultimate
bad tf 0.568 0.804
.
.
kN
5.57
760
Roof
lodd
tf
CL321
0.454
.
.
kN
815
4.45
Grada 8.8
Ultimate
load tf 1.136 1.608
Ml0 M l 2
1.50
1.75
1.25
58.0
84.3
36.6
7.188 9.026 10.863
Ml6
M20
2.0
157.0
14.701
2.50
3.0
3.0
3.50
245.0 353.0 459.0 561.0
18.376 22051 25.051 27.727
M24
w7
M30
232
22.7
1.31
12.8
3.37
33.1
191
10.7
628
61.6
3.55
34.8
9.80
96.1
.5.54
54.3
1412
138.5
7.98
78.2
lb6
180.0
10.40
102.0
22.44
220.0
12.70
124.0
2.928 4.64
6.74
12.56
19.60
28.24
36.72
44.06
9.14 1232
8Q.6
192.2 14.30
149.2
277.0 20.50 26.70 360.0

201.0 262.0
440.0 X2.70
320.0
1.464
14.36
0.827
8.11
Priof loA tf kN 0.826 11.14 15.76 1.170 28.72 2.130 45.50 3.38 4.91 66.14
48.1
.
kN
8.10
11.47
20.69 33.1
1 tf (tonne fond
= lWOkgf- 9.81 kN approx.
I.
0.9842
UKtonf.
Roof load stress.
Grade 4.6 bob - 22.6 kgf/mmt
I# 8.0 56.2
kgf/mm
.
*.
MECHANICAL PROPER11 ES
BOLTS
Grade I
4.6
8.8
&Btimaw tensile strength imin)

kgF/mm
40
N/mm
392
80
785
Yield stress bnin)
UK tonf /in
kgfhnm
N/mm
UK tonf/ina
25.4
50.8
24
64
235
15.2
49.6
NUTS
1 kgf/mm
Proof bad stres

kgf/mm
4
8
40
80
N/mm
392
785
UK tonf/ina
l v
= 9.81 N/m& approx

= 0.6350 UK tonf/ina
25.4
50.8
EXPLANATION OF STRENGTH GRADE DESIGNATIONS

Bolts and screws. The first figure in the grade number is one tenth of the
minimum ultimate tensile strength in kgf/mmt . The second figure is one tenth
of the ratio between minimum yield stress and minimum tensile strength,
expressed as a percentage. Mylt~lication of the two figures will give the yield
stress in kgf/mm or stress at permanent set limit for higher tensile bolts.
In the case of Grade 4.6 bolts and screws.
4 xjzl0 gives the minimum tensile strength of 40 kgf/mm
4 x 6 gives the minimum yield stress of 24 kgf/mms
Nuts. The grade number is one tenth of the specified proof load stress in kgf/mm
The proof load stress corresponds to the minimum tensile strength of the highest
grade of bolt or screw with which the nut can be used.
In the case of Grade 4 nuts
4 x 10 gives the proof load stress of 40 kgf/mm
This grade of nut may therefore be used on bolts having a minimum tensile
of not more than 40 kgf/mm .
81
Engineering Data
General
INTEGRAL FLANGES
SUMMARY OF AVAl LABI LITY
-~-- - FLANGE TABLE REFERENCE
Nom. sire
DN in 2.5
15
m
10
1 0 iA
ANSI CLASS
BS 10 TABLE
BS4504 PN
16 [ 25
40 L
1 E
125 1 150
3
f
45!5g
- 80
AI
,
-
BC
I
I
AB ABC ABC
AB
t-t
9.
+ ABC
.
AB
AC
25OlOf
300 12 A
f
dB
350144
- 15
X0
I
AB
400 16
450 18 A
soo2Oq
- 21
ABC
+C
+
9
AC
AC
I
AC
*
C
L
I
,
f L
6W1241A
1
AB
1
AB
1
AC
1
C
1
C 1 y 1 v 1 v 1 v II
I
I
I
,
I
I
I
I
7001271A 1 AB 1 AB 1 AC 1 C 1 C 1 A 1 AC 1 AC 1 AC
-l
t
.
,
I AC
800
AB
AB
AC
C c
- 33
38
AB
A6
AC
ibOO
39.
- 42
AB
AB
AC
A0
I
I AB I
14001541~ IA~IABI c
- Isol
A0
AB
-A
1 I A
_--- 84
x
2200
24W96A
C
e .
- 1)
3000 120
. I . . I I
I
1 AA
I
1 IA
1 I
a-
BC
t
i
8C
Itlvl
I
4
.
C
C2
.
1.
A
A
Al
The flange dimensions i.n the

comparison.tables on pages
85 to 99 only compare flanges
in nominal sizes up to 18OOmm/
72in. Where there are not exact
equivalent sizes of metric and
imperial flanges, the 8S4504
flange is compared with the
. nearest equivalent BSlO or
ANSI size(s).
C2
c2
c2
1 C3 1.
c3
NOTES:
c3
.
1. These sizes are included for

convenience and do not carry a
definite rating.
C3
iAI~I+t
A
2. Sizes in range above 24 in

to 36 in are included only
in 8S3293, MSS SP 44 and
API 605.
3. Sizes larger than 36 in

afe contained only in API 605
1
A
AC
I
The availability of mating

flanges for fixing to pipe may
extend to sizes larger than those
indicated for integral flanges reference should be made to the
relevant standards for details of
these sizes.
AC
A
A
BC
8C
C
t
!
2600 - 4
- r 108.
2800
C
I C
C
c
C
I
1
AG
L - 45
12W48A
.-- _
I
I ,
I
I
AB ABC ABC ABC ABC L
175 7
2W8v
1
I
150 6
BC
yoo 4
125 5
\ 900
This table indicates the

availability (shown A, B or C see material key below) of
integral flange details in
BS 4504, PN 2.5 to PN 40,
BS 10 tables A to H, ANSI
8 16.1 Class 125 and Classes 150
and 300 from BS 1560 ANSI
8 16.5 and 8 16.24, BS 3293,
MSS SP 44 and API 605.
Certain flange sizes shown in the
above listed standards which are
not in common use have baen
excluded from the table.
25 1
32 1t
40 13
50 2
300,
1
A
A
I
CAST IRON
COPPER ALLOY
CASTSTEEL
83
Engineering
Data
General
INTEGRAL FLANGES
PRESSURE/TEMPERATURE
llATERIAL
0s
0s
sl=M
1452 9126
Grade Zlass 8
14
iron
1 PRESSURE (BAR GAUGE) AT TEMPERATURE (oC)
RATING
TYPE
9STM
EM
PN
BS
Kblc
ANSl
clsss
2.5-
16 3
13.8 I 3.8
13.8 12.1
16 16
2s 25
34.5 34.5
3.5 3.5
6.
150
16
25
4 0
*L
5.61 521 !3
12 ; 10 1 a4
20.7 20.7
10
Carbon
Stael
120
2.5
10
336
ASTM
0s
1504- A216
161- GR WCI
480
ii
3.5 3.5
6
6
8.9 6.9
10 10
25
4HOY
-10
2.5
125
4sTM
362
RATINGS
16
150
25
40
22a
2
1.9
5
1.7
3.8
8
23c
1.9
26cl
1.7
4.8
4.3
3.6
6.8
7.6
z.5
8
7.7
6.9
9.3
13
9.0 8.6
13 12.4
10.8
10
17.5
16
400 425
Eo
475
4.7
3.7
9
12.4
9.1
13.3 13.1
19.5 19 18.6
28 21.7 17.4 15.2 13.1
3.0 2.6 2.2 2 1.9 x7
4 3.5
6
6
5 4.5
3-t
a9 a9 6.616.61 55 82 4.8
To 1 10 1 8.5 7.8
7
10 10
13.8 13.8 13.8(188111.4 10.6 9.8
1585 I 3.4 12.4111.3110.6 10.3
16 1 16 113.5 12.4 11.3
16 16
20.7 20.7 20.7 I 20.7 16.9 15.8 14.6
25 25
25 25 21.2 19.3 17.5
4.5
&2
9.0
2
85
4
6.9
10.2 7
13.4 10.3
15.7 law.5
34.5 29.3 26.9 Q3.8 22.1 21.4 20.7

34.5 34.6 34.5 I 34.5 283 26.4 24.6 22.8 17.2
27.8 !5.5 23.5 7.5
40 40
6 . 9 89 bs s.s &7
b9 i.9
13.8 I3A
13.8 3.8 13a 2.8 11.2
16 16 16 16 16 15-T 5e4 I 5.0 4.2
13
19.6 10.9 15.8 4.7 14 13.6 3.2 I 2.8 11.7 10.2
E
I
20.7 20.7 20.7b.7 $I.7 10.7 !0.7 20.7 19.3 16.9
!4.6 24.4 23.8 21
25 25
34.5 34.6
l4.5 34-5 32.1 2895
40
300
210
2
40
51.1 E l5.2M.4 143.8 143.3
19.2 B.8 37
12.8
- 12.3 to.7
T8 3.5
7.9 6.9
9
65 5.6
I t.7 10.3
14
12
19.7 17.2
33
23
30.7
u.5 28.8
15
20.
-
2.8
6
10
1x5
Ratings given above are extracted from the rekvant ftangs standards and are for integral
flanges in a selection of materials commonly used in the valve and fitting industry. These
ratings are subject to any limitations that may be imposed by individual product standards
and attention is drawn to the requirements for bolting materi& and gasket types which
should be used in conjunction with the flanges/ratings deteiled. Information is given in
the rektvmt standardr
.
1. Dimensions for BS.4504 flanges are stated in millijnetret only. Dimansions for 8S.10 and ANSI flanges are shown in inches (bracketed) with
metric equivalent to nearest uuhole millimetre.
2. Raised joint faces are applicable only to BS.4504 Cast Iron and Steel, BS.10 Table H and ANSI Classes 150 and 300 Steel.
3. Flange thicknesses ere inclusive of raised face height where this is giwm.
4. All flengas are normally drilled unless otherwise specified with bolt holes drilled off centres.
FLANGE COMPARISON TABLES
15mn (12
NOMINAL SIZE
INTEGRAL FLANGE DIMI
STANDARD
AND RATING
DiA.
NG
B O
DIA.
RAISED FACE
THICKNESS
GREY
CAST
IRON
ORILl
CAST
STEEL
DIA.
COPhER
ALLOY
HT.
YO.
HOLE
DIA.
11
40
95 .
14
45
14
65
Ml2
8s P N 1 6
45Q4
PN 25
95
14
16
10 -
45
14
65
M 12
95
16
16
10
45
14
65
M t2
PN 40
95
16
11
14
65
M 12
80
PN 10
TAB.A&C
TABLE E
z
TABLE F
TABLE H
ANSI
CLASS 15a
CLASS 3Oi
. I
95
(3; 1
95
89
(41
13
(3: 1
114
($1
13
(3Z 1
95
13
($1
16
(451
57
(8,
1221
35
(3*)
95
14
14
17
(&I
(4)
($1
@
67
M 10
.
(23)
67
(291
67
tzgl
83
(4)
(12)
35
(3: 1
14
P.C.D.
12
PN 2.5 QI 6
in.)
Il#
NQMUJAL
S!ZE
2Ofni
.
( 34 i n . )
BS
4504
PN 2.5 816
90
14
50
11
65
M 10
PN 10
105
t6
58
14
75 .
M 12
PN 16
105
16
18
10
58
14
75
.M 12
PN 25
105
18
18
to
58
14
. 75
M 12
PN40
105
18
11
58
14
75
M 12
TAB-A&l
BS
10
TA8LE E
TAQLE F
TABLE H
ANSI
*,<.
to2
to2
to2
114
. I
v$
4f
(4)
(4)
(44)
13
13
13
16
to
(4,
10
(4,
10
(ii
fg)
13
I-
13
CLASS 1sE
16
CLASS 3oc
A
For
73
@I
73
c#r
73
(#I
$7
Cg,
($1
($1
notes applicable to these tables see page 84
9
t3
($1
(g)
(24
43
43
83
(ig
(2i)
(241
(2i)
(3; 1
13
13
13
16
r*,
($1
(3,
(a,
(3
(&I
85
Engineering Oata
GCtWd

NOMINAL SIZE
. 25mm (1in )
INTEGRAL FLANGE DIM NSIONS
STANDARD
AN0 RATING
-DIA.
THICKNESS
GREY
CAST
IRON.
BOLT
DIA.
RAISED FACE
CAST
STEEL
COPPEFi
ALLOY
DIA.
HT.
HOLE
DIA.
No,
P.C.D.
PN 2.5 & 6
too
14
60
11
75
M 10
PN 10
115
16
68
14
85
Ml2
4Fw P N t6
115
16
18
to
68
14
85
Ml2
PN 25
115
18
18
11
6a
14
85
Ml2
PN40
115
13
68
14
85
Ml2
TAB.A& 0
ti
10
ANSI
114
TABLE F
121
TABLE H
121
CLASS 125
108
CLASS 150
108
CLASS 300
124
PN 2.5 & 6
Bs
4504
ANSI
18
(44)
(431
10
10
(31
to
(4Q
14
(4t)
($1
14
(5)
64
C&l
t4&
(4;)
($I
(23)
16
C&
17
@I
17
M#l
tt
Gb
17
(a
(I-)
10
51
($1
15
12)
51
C&
16
($I-
14
(51
to
1t
(4)
(51
16
CS,
19
@I
32mm (l&
16
120
70
14
90
M 12
78
18
100
M 16
PN 10
140
ta
@N 16
140
la
18
10
78
ta
100
M 16
PN 25
140
20
ia
1T
78
18
loo .
Ml6 .
PN 40
140
18
13
78
18
1QO
M 16
TAB.A&D
Bs
to
114
TABLE E
NOMINAL SIZE
!Fi
ING
121
TABLEE
GABLE
I21
133
TABLE H
133
CLASS 125
117
CLASS 150
117
CLASS 300
133
r4#1
(49)
!5@
(541
(43)
16
16.
16
22
13
($1
(31
@I
tg,
13
13
17
ii)
(4,
($1
a
10
11
87
(iI)
87
(ii)
(6)
($1
76
I&,
(3$
(3)
16
(5;)
page 84
98
89
10
13
(a
98
(*I
(49)
For notes applicable to these tables see
13
(#I I
64
a9
(29)
64
(5,
(29
L
98
13;)
(341
13
16
16
13
13
i31)
*
.I6
(3g)
1;)
(4,
($1
($1
(4,
Ii,
(2)
NOMINAL SIZE
INTEGRAL FLANGE DIMI USIONS
STANDARD
AN0 RATING
DIA.
THICKNESS
GREY
CAST
IRON
ORILl ING
RAISED FACE
CAST
STEEL
COPPER
ALLOY
DIA.
HT.
No.
HOLE
DIA.
P.C.D.
BOLT
DIA.
iN 2.5 & 6
130
16
80
14
too
M 12
PN 10
150
ia
88
18
110
M 16
4E PN 16
150
18
t8
11
88
18
t10
M 16
PN 25
150
20
18
13
88
3
.
18
110
M 16
18
15
88
i-
18
110
M 16
PN40
150
TAB.A& C 133
BS
10
TABLE E
TABLE F
TABLE H
CLASS125
ANSI CLASS 1%
CLASS 300
16
(54)
133
140
($1
14
(5)
127
(3
(5)
156
11
a3
14
(21
(3
16
11
(3i)
t&J
17
(%I
73
(2i)
73
(ii)
17
--
(1)
--.
21
(G)
Vi)
13
(a
14
tg1
cg,
22
(5%)
127
(31
10
(5)
16
(56)
140
10
(21
16
(5{)
14
(2i)
2
2
($1
17
(6 1
tg,
16
1s
(8,
.
22
,w
(5,
($1
Bs
4504
Bs
10
18
125
M 16
to2
18
125
M 16
102
18
125
M 16
11
PN 25
165
22
13
PN40
165
15
TABLE E
*
TABLE F
165
TABLE H
165
CLASS 125
152
ANSI CLASS 150 152

CLASS 300 t65
(6)
16
(64,
19
(6;)
(6)
(6)
(6;)
16
(%I
(5)
tg,.
10
tt
13
(;I
(3,
c&g
(3,
102
(4)
(&I
4
4
t;,
16
22
(3,
r:r
13
19
(#
($1
92
92
(2,)
14
(51
102
152
19
M 16
165
10
(4s)
125
PN 16
(it)
i3QI
114
t#
*
(3)
13
18
102
14
(3$f
iI3
(31
13
(6)
(4i)
98
tg,
16
165
152
(4;)
105
(4)
16
M 12
PN 10
TAB-A&U
105
13
110
90
a$,
(391
(3%)
2
2
C&b
C&l
4
8
17
17
17
17
19
19
19
(#
(3)
(1
I6
tf&
($1
(#I
(0,
114
114
(44)
127
127
121 .
121
127
(43,
(5)
(51
(4;)
(4;)
(5)
(31
14
16
- ~~
98
13
140
,(
(3$
PN 2.5 & 6
98
5Ornm,
NOMINAL SIZE
(12 i.)
4&n
i6
16
16
t6
16
16
16
t; 1
(2)
cgr
($1
($1
(;I
t@
*Table A thickness is 16 (8)
For notes applicable to these tables see page 84
87
.-0
Enginewing Oata
&nerd
1 CRANE 1
NOMtNAL SIZE
STANDARD
AND RATING
65nrn (22 in)

I
- DIA.
INTEGRAL FLANGE. DIMENSIONS
IRON
Bs
4506
Bs
10
BOLT
DIA.
DIA.
COPPER
ALLOY
CAST
STEEL
HT.
No<
HOLE
DIA.
P.C.D.
PN 2.5 & 6
160
16
110
14
130
M 12
PN io
185
20
122
18
1 4 5
M 16
PN 16
185
20
18
13
122
18
145
PN 25
185
24
22
15
122
18
145
PN 40
185
22
17
122
18
145
14
TAB.A&D
RAISED FACE.
THICKNESS
GREY
,ING
14
TABLE E
TABLE H
17
CLASS 125
&I
ANSI CLASS 150
(;I
17
CLASS 300
14
(21
25
($1
(4)
21
(1)
(1
16
(51
146
(41
14
(5)
127
(6,
13
(4)
19
127
6)
11
ci%)
16
TABLE F
11
(3)
114
(551
146 @I
(44)
140
lo5
lo5
140
cs;,
(5$)
(5;)
149
(43)
(5#)
NOMINAL SIZE
Bs
4504
BS
10
(3iJ
PN 2.5 & 6
190
18
128
18
150
M 16
PN 10
2oil
22
138
18
160
M l 6
M 16
PN 16
22
20
15
138
3-
18
160
PN 25
26
24
17
138
18
16o
PN 40
24
19
138
8
-
18
16o
TAB-A&D
mmrn
TABLE E
184
I84
TABLE F
203
TABLE H
203
.
CLASS li5
ANSI CLASS 150
cxAss300
391
191
210
(7iI
c-r+,
(8)
(8)
(74)
17*1
(8&
19+
19
19
29
19
($1
({I
($1
(l#
14
14
16
22
@
Gk,
(8
($1
13
13
14
16
t+r(4,
(a
. (5,
29
*Table A thickness is 17 (+)I
(#I
(1:
146.
146
127
(5)
(#I
19
127
127
(5)
(5)
8
-
165
165
:4
152t
b
152
8
-
168
M 16
M 16
(53,
C5$
(I#
K$
(6)
(6)
*
W
16
16
16
16
16
16
19
($1
tg1
tg,
(3,
(8,
Engineering Data
&fWfdi
FLANGECOMPARlSON TABLES
-
STANDARD
AND RATING
INTEGRAL FLANGE DIMENSIONS
I
. DIA.
THICKNESS
GREY
CAST
IRON
Bs
fy 4 5 0 4
in.
- DRl&
RAISED FACE t
CAST
STEEL
COPPER
ALLOY
DIA.
HT.
HOLE
DIA.
No.
-
P.C.D.
18
148
18
170
M 16
PN 10
220
24
158
3:
18 .
180 -
M 16
PN 16
220
s 24
PN 25
235
28
PN40
235
TABLE E
216
TABLE F
TABLE H
229
CLASS 125
229
-20
19
156
18
lqo .
Ml6
21
162
22
190
M20
24
23
162
0
-
22
wo
M20
17
.(8#
216
229
CLASS 300
q&l
17
(IQ1
(,$I
19
(9)
($1
25.
(9)
. (11
16
16
17
19
--
($1
.-
(9
I#
#ii)
152
(61
19)
157
(9)
254
157
(10)
@a
@it)
17
17
17
@I
(+a)
(#I
17
8
8 19
8
8
19
q#
t@
.
($1
22
178
178
(7)
191
.
is3
191
-191
(7)
16
(3,
16
(73
(741
(7$)
(3,
16
(8,
16
(2)
16
(8)
(741
G)
NOMINAL SIZE
125mm ( 5.)
PN 2.5 & 6
20
178
18
200
M 16
PN 16
250
26
186
18
210
Ml6
10%
18
210
M 16
t& PN 16
)iN 25
270
PN 40
270
TAB.A&C
BS
10
BOLT
DIA.
210
ANSI cLASS 150
ING
PN 2.5 & 6
TAB.A&t
Bs
10
IOOmm (4 >
NOMINAL SIZE
TABLE E
:a
TABLE F
TABLE H
CLASS 125
ANSI CLASS 150

CLASS 3oa
254 %I
254
279
279
254
254
279
(10)
(111
26
22
30
26
168
26
M 24
26
166
8
-
26
M 24
21*
22
25
(#a
(4,
(1)
1111
(101
(la
WI
178
(7)
8
8
8
8
-
210
210
235
(8;l
(88)
(St)
(9$
216
216
235
(841
(841
t&1
16
16
19
19
19
19
19
($1
.
(21
(21
69
c$
($1
(Z,
*Table A thickness is 19 (36) and drilling it 4 holes
89
15Omm
NOMINAL SIZE
(&)
.
STANDARD
AND RATING
DIP.
PN 10
285
4z PN 16
285
-26
22
34
28
PN 25
279
TABLE E
279
(111
(11)
21
(12)
279
CfAss 300 318
(11)
22
22
(11
29 .;
*
Il#)
(hi)
(a .
(l&l
-.
(1)
25
(11)
37
(1231
(l&g)
P.C.D.
225
M 16
212
22
240
M20
22
212
22
240
Mm
26
21tl
26
250
M24
21Q
8
-
26
250
M 24
17
22
(#I
ti,
2k
(8)
(1)
12
210
12
tq,
(1)
HOLE
DIA.
18
17
(?a
17
. t;,
3j
25
17
(#I
25~
TABLE F
CLASS 125 279
21
(B
30
(l&I
216
218
tB+)
I%&,
175.mm (7iJ
2
2
t&1
t&1
8
12
PN 16
28
24 .
24
242
22
270
M20
PN 25
34
28
28
248
13
26
280
(11124
12
30
295
M 27
PN 40
32
TAB.A&C
Bs
10
No.
8
28
TABLE f-f
Bs
4504
HT.
BOLT
DIA.
202
TAB-A&C
NOMINAL SIZE
DIA
COPPE R
ALLOY
STEEL
20
JNG
RAISED FACE
cm-
265
ANSI CLASS156
DRII
THICKNESS
PN 2.5-& 6
Bs
10
INTEGRAL FLANGE .DfMf
GREY
CAST
IRON
PN4Ci
TABLE E
305
TABLE F
337
TABLE H
337
22
(121
. 25 .
(12)
03;:
,I1 3ifl
25
38
19
($1
19
ii$
22
(1)
(1)
32
t1#
*Table A drilling on size 6 is 4 holes, thickness
on
.
it,
19
19
(5,.
(It)
22
32
size 7 in is 21 (#I
i;,
($1
($1
(ld)
ClO$
2%
19f)
t1@1
12
292
12
292
(11~1
(11&l
16
19
19
19
($1
($1
t{,
($1
Engineering 5ata
Gad
200mm (8in.)
NOMtNAt SU?E
STANDARD
AND RATING
DIA.
GREY
CAST
IRON
PN25&6
PN 10
24
34
30
(13@
TABLEE
337
TABLE F
368
368
TABLE H
CLASS 125 343
ANSI CtAss 1%
(l*)
(14#
(14#
(1331
22
19
tg1
25
U&I
38
(l#
29
.27?
285
(31
5
(1)
2
32
29
0;)
41
(15)
270
270
(1~)
375
24
395
28
PN 16
406
32
is
PN 25
425
36
32
, PN 40
450
TABLE E
4
TABLE F
TABLE H
(16)
(16)
432
(17)
432
(17)
CLASS 125
(16)
ANSI CLASS 1%
CLASS 300
22.
M20
12
22
296
M 20
12
28
-310
M 24
12
30
320
M 27
17
22
(#I
($1
2
(3,
(3,
; ($1
22
($1
12 25
25*
?5
I
29
41
30
to
324
324
298
298
(1)
(114 1
(125)
(12;)
m tr
cjr
l-9
19
(21
($1
19
19
(;I
ct,
(1 l-$1
(131
25Omm(1oiJ
M 16
12
22
28
12
26
. 355
M 24
: 32
12
30
370
M 27
12
33
385
M30
22
12 22
(11
12 25
(l&I
311
(12)
.
U&l
t17*:
292
.
16
(11&I
18
(1)
(16)
445
292
12
38
.a:
TAB-A&U
Bs
10
(lO#
M 16
NOMINAL SIZE
PN25&6
BS
4504
M@
P&D.
18
12 22
8 22
(1:)
BOLT
DIA
12 2
.
PN 10
11;)
(13#
CLASS 300 381

.
30
3
@I
19
(1)
29
26
34
&
PN40
10
268
30
HOLE
DIA
HT.
COPPER
ALLOY
-26
PN 25
Bs
CAST
STEEL
22
TAB.A&C
DRILL N G
INTEGRAL FLANGE DlMENS,lONS.

I
RAISED FACE
THICKNESS
I
(126)
12 25
12
25
(1)
324
324
112;)
(123
25
12 25
16
29
350.
t#
(141
tg,
(1)
0)
(14)
381
381
(15)
19
19
22
22
22
(1)
.
(11
(1:)
(15)
M 20
(144)
387
e
(15$l
22
25
(2,
($1
ci1
(Ql
cgr
(%I
(1)
*Table A thickness is 24 ( # 1
For notes applicable
these tables see page 84
91
NOMlNAL SIZE
3OOmtn(12in)
INTEGRAL FLANGE DIME
STANDARD
AND RATING
?I A.
CAST
.STEEL
10
12
22
32
28
376
12
28
40
34
,395
16
30
410
16
-
33
PN 25
TABLE E
42
TABLE F
(19&
TABLE H
w#l
CLASS 125
(19)
ANSI CLASS 150

C-300
NOMINAL SIZE
8s
4504
(18)
521
25
29
(1)
(1;)
32
clg)
44
fit)
32
.
f1+1
(191
22
25
(1)
29
(1))
38
22
25
29
(13, 38
tg,
(1)
22
362
W+
(1;)
:
(2)
27
(l&l
381
381
(15)
(151
(l&i
22
PN 10
30
16
22
PN 16
TABLE F
TABLE H
06)
36
30
16
28
44
38
16
33
46
16
36
527
527
552
552
CLASS 125
ANSI CLASS 150
CLASS 300
*Table A thickness is 24 (8)
f20$
f2q
t21$
(215
25
25
(1)
.
32
41'
(1)
(I$
(15)
25
25
32
41
12*
Ill
12 25
11)
16
* cl+)
(231
and 2
29
$6 29
Ilil
12 29
1211
121)
25
35
54
(l#
(2iI
413
413
(16tl
(16;l
12 29
20 32
(1) on sizes 12 in & 14 in respectively; dritling is 8 holes on both sirsr
(17$
(17&
(171
(17)
451
8
l17$1
35OmA14in)
12
MiO
(16)
408.
(1)
26
TABLE E
450
(1)
32
M 24
M 27
432
PN 2.5 4 6
TAB-A&r
4io
Ill
12 25
M20
M20
(1)
16 25
36
P.C.D.
395
0)
12 25
32
BOLT
D?A.
ff 1
16 25
t1;1
(l.#
12#
12 25
PN40
(3)
51
fm#
PN 25
BS
10
L -
370
PN 40
8s
HOLE
DIA.
PN 16
457
Na
22
28
(18)
HT.
12
PN 10
457
DIA.
4.
24
TAB.A&D
COPPER
ALLOY
365
PN 2.5 & 6
YG
RAISED FACE
THICKNESS
GREY
CAST*
IRON
4=m
DRILl
x----L
-0 .
445
M 20
M20
470
M 24
M30
510
11)
(1)
It&I
(1J)
(13,
(1#
(I+)
470
470
M 33
l18#1
1183
22
#
22
I;,
25
495
llQ+l
495
476
476
514
c19#
Ill
25
(1)
25
(1)
(18$)
(18$)
f20&
25
(1)
29
(1;)
-
Engineering Data
Gmefc3l
4OOmm(l&)
NOMINAL SIZE
STANDARD
AND RATINGS
T
DIA.
INTEGRAL FLANGE QIME
Bs
4504
Bs
10
TAB.A&C
620
TABLE E
TABLE F
TABLE H
CLASS 125
ANSI CLASS 150
578
578
610
610
597
597
* D I A .
(2231
. 32
48
40
505
50
535
(2231
(24)
(241
(234)
25
114)
32
(l&I
35
51
25
(1)
32
il2,
(lfg
44
(2)
37
(11
c1$
25
HOLE
DIA.
Qo.
38
29
DRILL JG
HT.
465
PN40
COPPER
ALLOY
32
565
PN 16
PN 25
CAST
STEEL
28
PN25&6
PN 10
RAISED FACE
THICKNESS
GREY
CAST
!RON
SIONS
16
22
16
26
16
30
16
36
ill33
16
39
5 8 4 -M36
I
i
-
CLASS 300
(13)
483
(19)
470
(16)
(18+1
470
(2;)
40
50
10
TABLE F
673
:\
TABLE H
673
CLASS 125 635
i%$J
(2641
(2641
(25)
A N S I CLASS15fJ 635 (25)

I
CLASS 300 711 (28)
32
38
54
40
(21 f,
552
&Ii)
118$
2
2
(21$)
t21t1
&
571
I&)
r1g
II+)
U$)
42;)
5
29
20
25
34
550
20
30
42
555
20
36
20
39
29
35
48
50
(ltjl
(l#
(l$)
(l$
26
29
t1#
(14)
35
(13)
48
(19)
533
(21)
12
25
16
25
20
32
20
16
(l&I
40
60
(1%)
(24)
(21)
(211
16
24
32
32
32
35
1224 1
22
f$J
25
25
25
25
32
(1)
(1)
(11
41)
(12)
.45Omm (18in)
532
32
8s
M27
f20$ I
552
NOMlN&L SIZE
35
525
(219
37
(234)
(2541
M 24
515
+
621
U$l
44
M 20
U&J
57
TAB.A&D 641
I
TA6LE E 641
495
(1)
32
P.C.D.
(11
25
BOLT
DIA.
M 24
M 27
585
M33
610
123)
(1)
(231
w
cl;)
(1;)
(l$
(141
(131
M36
610
(241
610
(24)
578
578
-
f22$
CZ@
(2481
22
(iJ
22
(;J
29
(1:)
29
29
29
32
(13)
(1;)
(191
(1;)
Table A thickness is 27 (1 & on both siqs 16 in aftd 18 in
93
Enginsering Data
GWfdl
FLANGE COMPARlSON TABLES
5OOmd2OiJ
NOMINAL SIZE
STANDARD
AND RATING
INTEGRAL FLANGE OIMENSIONS
GREY
CAST
IRON
PN 2.5.& E
BS
4504
10
PN 10
670
34
585
PN 16
715
42
36
PN 25
730
52
44
PN 40
755
TABLE E
TABLE F
705
705
737
737
.
608
CLASS 15c
698
CLASS 3oc
774
NOMINAL SIZE
(27;
(273
(291
(29)
(2741
32*
(14,
38
(13,
ctjr
57
12*,
43
(1;)
32
(l&I
38
(13,
51
HT.
(2)
32*
32
38
51
22
26
33
36 i
615
16 25
16 25
(1;)
24 32
ttj,
(2)
24 32
1233
20=
(l#
43
(2741
(1-g~
64
6OOmm(
584
(24)
620
42
(1;)
597
20 32
(23)
.
(23)
BOLT
DIA.
P.C.D.
615
32
610
52
24 35
M 24
670
(1
(1)
(Ii)
(1;)
(l$)
(1)
4:
OfI
542
22
642
22
(g,
(254
(i,
673
635
(262
(251
(25)
6 8 6
(27)
24in)
755
30
670
705
M 24
PN 10
780
36
685
725
M 27
40
725
770
M 33
770
M36
795
M 45
48
PN 25
845
46
720
PN 40
890
60
735
TA6.A & I
825
TABLE E
825
TABLE F
851
TABLE H
851
CLASS 121
813
CLASS llil
813
CLASS 30
914
(323
t321
(x3$
133;
(32)
35
(lf)
(1%)
44
cl@
64
(36)
35
38
41
57
(1:)
c1g,
(13
(29
35
38
41
57
756
(l#
756
(l$l
@!
(221
698
(273
78t
749
48
-
70
*Table A thickness is 29 (1 &I and :
For notes applicable to these tables see page &
(1;)
(29$
(2B#l
781
48
(32)
673
PN 2.5 &I e
4Fw PN 16
ANSI
DIA.
570
CLASS 121
8s
10
COPPER
ALLOY
30
TABLE H
ANSI
CAST
STEEL
RA1SE.D FACE
645
TAB.A&f
8s
THICKNESS
DRIL
682
692
t27t
t27t
respctiuely; drilling is 1
2
2
(41
(&I
749
82
25
29
32
w
(293
(293
(32)
32
32
32
38
,
.
(1)
(li)
(1;)
(l&l
(14)
0 4,
11+1
Engineering Data
NOMINAL SIZE
1
STAND&D
AND RATING
DIA.
INTEGRAL FLANGE DIMEI
THICKNESS
GREY
CAST
i~0~
7OOmm(
1
TI
JONS
RAISED FACE
CAST
STEEL
COPPER
ALLOY
DIA.
HT.
No
HOLE
DIA.
P.C.D.
26
810
27in)
.
BOLT
DIA.
PN 2.5 & 6
860
24
PN 10
895
24
30
M 27
4yw PN 16
910
24
36
M33
24
42
*. 5
24
-
46
42
PN 25
50
PN 40
8s
10
995
64
TABLE A
TABLE D
TABLE E
875
M24
M39
M 45
25
18
25
29
(11
(1)
(1:)
8OOmn@fN
NOMINAL SIZEPN 2.5 & 6
8S
4504
to15
44
PlU16
1025
58
PN 25
1085
54
PN 40
1140
72
TAFLE D
TABLE E
CLASS 125
ANSI CLASS 150

CLASS 300
PN 10
TABLE A
8s
10
975
946
997
997
* *
(37X1
(394)
(39;)
(38;)
32
4
48
42
(1x1
(121
(li)
930
41
48
54
54
92
(12)
(2#
1331
30
M 27
24
33
M30
24
39
M 36
24
48
M 45
24
56
M 52
20
!9
20
32
20 55
28 $5
(li)
(2i)
24
857
857
(33;)
l33$
2
2
(iid
(&I
28 35
28
i8
cl+ 1
(li)
,1;,
(#I
(1%
(1;)
883
927
*
25
t3W
29
(36$1
927
32
914
94
997
w
(36)
(36)
(39$
32
32
44
(1
(11
(l#
(I$
($
(1;)
Dimensions for ANSI Class 150 and 300 flanges are taken from 85.3293 and MSSSP44
95
Engheeri~ D a t a .
Generat
nluvt1,.. .-
STANDARD
AND RATING
THICKNESS
DRILI
BOLT
DIA.
RAISED FACE
34
M 27
PN 10
1015
44
M30
PN 16
1025
58
PN 25
TABLE 0
TABLE E
NOMINAL SIZE
CAST
STEEL
COPPER
ALLOY
DIA.
HT.
HOLE
DIA.
P.C.D.
42
All36
1065
54
M 45
40
72
1 0 2 9
32
WHJ
41
to92
(43)
51
1092
.
(43)
(WI
fli)
(2)
(35
41,
1016
t1@
(40)
to16
(2)
(40)
QOOmrB6in)
1075
36
24
30
to20
PN 10
15
46
28
33
1050
M30
PN 16
125
62
44
28
39
1050
M36
PN 25
185
58
26
48
1090
M45
1140
M 52
250
TABLE A
1105
TABLE 0
1175
TABLE E
175
CLASS 125
1168
A N S I CLASS 16q*
CLASS 300+
-?
M 52
1030
W25&6
PN40
Bs
10
USIONS
975
TABLE A
Bs
4504
INTEGRAL FLANGE DIMI
GREY
CAST
IRON
PN 40
Bs
10
* DIA.
DIA.
PN 2.5 B 6
BS
4504
)omm(33iJ
68
1270
(43%
(46&
t4g
(461
76
35
44
5
60
26
56
29
24
(14)
({I
(l&
(2)
44
51
(l$)
(2)
(231
ma
tm
*Dimensions for ANSI Class 150 and 300 flang
6p
105
.
ti#r
(4i,
am taken from 88.3293 and MSS.SP44.
24
35
35
24
4
32
32
fl$
(l$I
(l#
41
32 54
(12)
(2&l
104
(41)
25
(1)
1092
143)
1092
WI
1086
1086
168
(42t
(42z
(46)
.
51
(1~)
.:
L
NOMINAL SIZE
DIA.
THICKNESS
GREY
CAST
IRON
DIA.
BOLT
DIA.
RAISED FACE
CAST .
STEEL
DRlLl NG
* INTEGRAL FLANGE DIMEI SIONS
STANDARD
AND RATING
1 OOOmm(39in)
COPPER
ALLOY
DIA
HT.
No.
HOLE
DIA
P.C.D.
PN25&6
1175
-36
28
30
1120
M27
PN 10
1230
50
28
36
1160
M 33
4sg4 PN 16
1255
66
46
28
42
1170
M 39
PN 25
1320
62
28
56
1210
M 52
1360
80
28
56
1250
M 52
_IP
PN40
111
TABLE A
1181
1257
TABLE 0
1257
TABLE E
24 29
(46x1
44
(*I
(1;)
54
t49#
24
Cl!
35
(1QI
24 38
(2iI
(13,
1118
1175
1175
144)
t46t
1-t
i
1
NOMINAL SliE
1375
BS
4504
30
1280
32
30
1320
M 27
PN 6
1405
40
1295
32
33
1340
M30
PN 10
1455
56
1330
32
39
1380
M 36
PN 16
1485
52
1330
32
48
1390
M45
PN 25
1530
70
1350
32
56
1420
M 52
88
1380
32
PN40
.-
TABLE A
BS
10
12OOd48iJ
1492
TABLE 0
1492
TABLE E
CLASS 125i
l
CLASS 300
1575 _
1416
38
(55%:
1511
1511
1511
(58$1
(5831
t5!3#
(59%
(59351
51
80
70
28
(1 HI
(2)
(231
51
60
129
32
41
44
(2%)
tad
1359
1327
(53X)1
*t-Ad
2
(52%)
t-a
44
40
A
*Dimensions for ANSI Class 150 flanmr we taken from BS.3293 and Class 300 flanges from AP1.805.
35
38
(24)
(2Z)
70
32
(2)
29
41
51
62
(141
(l$l
(13,
(151
(l@
1460
1353
(53+)
1410
1410
1422
.1422
1416
(2)
M56
25
(1)
c5G 1
(=a
(58)
156)
(55%)
38
48
(1 WI
IW
97
Engineering Data
1 CRAiE]
General
NOMINAL SIZE
STANDARD
AND RATING
14OOmm(54in)
T
INTEGRAt FLANGE DIM@

DIA..
*
Bs
4504
8s
10
RAISED FACE
THICKNESS
GREY
CAST
IRON .
DRILL
CAST
STEEL
COPPER
ALLOY
DIA.
HT.
No.
HOLE
DIA.
P.CD.
PN 25
1575
30
1480
36
30
1520
M 27
PN6
1630
44
1510
36
36
1560
M33
PN 10
1675
62
1535
36
42
1500
M39
PN 16
1685
1530
36
48
1590
M4ii
1560
36
,62
1640
M56
1600
36
58
PN 25
1755
76
PN40
1795
98
TABLE A
1608
TABLE 0
16U8
CLASS 125
1683
ANSI CLASS 150

CLASS 300
f63w
1549
1673
(63$
t66$
l4.
32
twtb)
57
(24)
76
57
36
(Z&I
44
(3)
71
(61)
(*+$I
136
c65g1
1441
(53)
-I
1480
66$
f58$
2
2
(ib
f&l
62
35
(l#,
35
of)
51
56
32
48
51
1680
(2)
(l#
121
1530
1530
1594
1492
1578
MS6
(6Ol4
r60&
f62$
f58#1
t62#
32
fl.%)
32
(l$)
44
(ItI
29
48
(l#
(l$)
NOMINAL SIZE
Bs
4504
PN 2.5
1790
32
1.696
40
30
1730
M27
PN6
1830
48
1710
40
36
1760
MV
PNlO
1915
68
- .
1760
40
48
1820
M45
PN16
1930
64
175q
40
56
1820
PN 25
1975
B4 .
1780
40
62
PN40
2025
108
1815
40
70'
TABLE A
ss
10
TABLE D
CLASS 12t
CLASS 300
1784
1784
f7OW)
I8
60
.-
(l*)
32
60
(Zf!
(70&
79
1854 .
134:
(731
1726
76
(67+$
1878
151
(73#
(23 1
52
(31
(%
*Dimensions for ANSI Clas 150 and 300 flanges are taken from APl.805.
For notes applicable to thesetables see page 84
40
1600
1651
(63)
m!5)
i
2
C&l
(i;rl
52
40
35
38
51
35
60
o*:
(14)
(21
(131
(29
M 52
.1860
M56
1900
M64
1701
imi
1759
1662
17*
(67)
(67)
MS*,
(65&
tngmeering Data
G-dl
.
FLANGE COMPARISON TABtES
NOMINAL SIZE
r
I
STANDARD
AND RATING
INTEGRAL Ft ANGE DtME

DIA.
. ia+
BOLT
DIA
CAST
STEEL
COPPER
ALLOY
DIA.
HT
HOLE
DIA
P.C.D.
32
1690
30
1730
M 27
1830
48
1710
36
1760
M 33
PN 10
1915
68
1760
48
1820
M45
PN 16
1930
64
1750
56
1820
1975
84
17ti
i.
62
1860
2025
1942
176?hl
108
1815
. PN6
Bs
4504
ING
1 7 9 0
PN 2.5
I Y-Y
DRIL
ISIONS
RAISED FACE
THICKNESS
GREY
CAST
IRON
16OOmm(66J
PN40
TABLE A
Bs
TABLE 0
10 .
1942
64
(7631
38
(2#
M64
1900
70
35
1860
1860
(73%
(7341
32
38
(1%)
(13,
F-1
i
l~OOmm(7~in)
NOMINAL SliE
PN 2.5
1990
34
44
.36
1930
M 27
PN6
2045
50
44
39
t-970
v 36
2115
70
44
48
2020
M45
Bs
PN 10
4504
P N 1 6
2130
68
44
68
'2020
M 52
PN 25
2195
90
44
70
2070
M64
TABLE A
2108
; TABLE 0
2108
ANSI CL&S 125
.r?
36
183)
(83.1
67
f86#
(25)
44
60
38
41
51
(1%
(18)
(2)
2019
-2019
(79%
(7&l
(82$1
44
(1;)

99
Engineering Data
] CRANE 1
1
Flow of hidS d-VOU&~lW,
FittingS
& Pipe
CONTENTS AJUD
NOMENCLATURE
CONTENTS
The contents indexed below comprise a condensed summary of data published in Cranes
Technical Paper No. 4lOM Wletric Edition) . . . . Flow of Fluids Through Valves, Fittings,
and Pipe.
NOMENCLATURE
BASIC THEORY
5ee below
Resistance Coefficient K . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Equivalent Length L/D and Flow Coefficient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
taminar Flow Conditions; Reduced Seat Valves
..................
101 & 102

102 & 103
103
REPRESENTATIVE RESlSTANCE~COEFFlClENTS (K FACTOR TABLE)

Pipe Friction Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Formulas for Sudden Contraction and Enlargement
Formulas for Reduced Port Valves and Fittings . . . . . .
Coefficients for Valves ahd Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
... . . . . . . ... ...

...............
... ... ... ... ...
... ...
104
104
104
105 to 107
... ...
... ...
..: . . .
... ...
... ...
... ...
108
109
111
110
112
113
114& 116
115& 116
117 to 120
NOMOGRAPHS, CHARTS, AND TABLES
NOMENCLATURE
Friction Factors for Clean Commercial Pipe . . . . . .

Density of Air and Gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Physical Properties of Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Viscosity of Gases and Vapours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Viscosity of Water and Steam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Viscosity of Water and Liquid Petroleum Products .
Flow of Water through Steel Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flow of Air through Steel Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flow Formula for Compressible Fluids... . . . . . . . . .
...
...
...
...
...
..
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
......
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
Symbols used in this Flow of Fluidt section we defined as follows unless

otherwise stated.
= cross sectional area of pipe or orifice, or flow area in valve, in square

mitlimetres
= flow coefficient for valves
cv
= internal diameter of pipe, in metres
D
=.internal diameter of pipe, in millimetres
d
= friction factor in formula h, =fz~2/~2g,
f
=
friction factor in zone of complete turbulence
fT
=
acceleration
of gravity = 9.81 metres per second per second
gn
= loss of static pressure head due to fluid flow, in metres of fluid
hL
= resistance coefficient or velocity head loss in the formula, h, =Ko2/2gn
K
= length of pipe, in metres
L
L/D = equivalent length of a resistance to flow, in pipe diameters
= pressure, in bars gauge
'P
= pressure, in bars absolute
P'
= rate of flow, in I itres per minute
Q
= rate offlow, in cubic metres per second at flowing conditions
q8
qk = rate of flow, in cubic metres per hour at metric standard conditions
(MSC) 1.013 25 bar absolute and 15*C
8
q M = rate of flow, in cubic metres per minute at MSC
= Reynolds number
4
= specific gravity of a gas retative to air = the ratio of the molecular weight
%
of the ps to that of air (relative density)
= absolute temperature, in kelvins (273 + 4
T
t
= temperature, in degrees Celsius
v
= specific volume of fluid, in cubic metres per kilogram
v
= specific volume of fluid in cubic decimetres per kilogram
= mean velocity of flow, in metres per second
it
= rate of flow, in kilograms per hour
W
ratio of small to large diameter in orifices and nozzles, and
Greek Letters fl
= Beta
contractions or enlargements in pipes
= Delta
differential between two points
A
.
=Mu
dynamic (absolute) viscosity, in centipoise
cc
=Rho
weight density of fluid, kilograms per cubic metre
P
= Theta angle of convergence or divergence in enlargements or
8
.
contractions in pipes
(100) = refers to 100 metres of pipe
Subscript
a
it
I
t
I
j
Engineering Data
RESISTANCE COEFFICIENT K,
EQUIVALENTXENGTH L/D
AND FLOW COEFFICIENT
Resistance Coefficient and
EquivdmLdngth
.
Pressure loss test data for a wide variety of valves and fittings are available from
the work of numerous investigators. Extensive studies in this field have been
conducted by Crane Laboratories. HOVWBM, due to the time-consuming and
costly nature of such testing, it is virtually impossible to obtain test data for
every size and type of valve and fitting. It is therefore desirable to provide a
means of reliably extrapolating available test information to envelope those
items which have not been or cannot readily be tested. Commonly used concepts
for accomplishing this are the equivalent length L/D, resistance coefficient
K, and flow coefficient Cv or Kir
.
Pressure losses in a piping system result from a number of system characteristics,
which may be categorized as follows:
Pipe friction, which is a function of the surface roughness of the interior pipe
wall, the inside diameter of the pipe, and the fluid velocity, density and
viscosity. For friction data, see pages 104 and 108.
.
*
Changes in direction of flow path.

Obstructions in flow path.
Sudden or gradual changes in the cross-section and shape of flow path.
Velocity in a pipe is obtained at the expense of static head, and decrease in static
head due to velocity. is,
2
=hL 2g,
Eqwtiun
-. -
which is defined as -locity head. Flow through a valve or fitting in a pipe line
also causes a reduction in static head which may be expressed in terms of velocity
head.
The resistance (oefficient K in the equation
V2
hr. =K-
Equation 2
2gn
therefore, is defined .as the number ofvelocity heads lost due to a valve or fitting.
-It is always associated with the diameter in which the Aodity occurs. In most
.
valves or fittings, the losses due to friction (Category 1 above) resulting from
actual length of flow path are minor compared to those due to one or more of
.
the other three categories listed.
The resistance coefficient K is therefore considered as being independent of
friction factor or Reynolds number, and may be treated as a constant for any
given obstruction (i.e., valve or fitting) in a piping system under all conditions of
flow, including laminar flow.
The same loss in straight pipe is expressed by the Darcy equation,
Eqwtion 3
It follows that,
K=(h)
Equation 4
The ratio L/D is the equivalent length,in pipe diameters of straight pipe, that
will cause the sarrk pressure drop as the obstruction under the same flow
conditions. Since the resistance coefficient K is constant for all conditions of
flow, the value of L/D for any given v&k or fitting must necessarily vary
inverskly with the change in friction factor for different flow conditions.
) CRANE 1
I
Engineering Data
Flow of .Fluids lhough,kla, Fittings 2% Pipe

.RESlSTANCE COEFFICIENT K,
EQUIVALENT LENGTH L/D,
AN0 FLOW COEFFICIENT-continued
Resistam CoeHicierm
~-~
Equation 2 may be written in many forms depending upon the units in which
flow conditions are expressed. Some of the more common and ukeful forms are,
K2
KQ2
hL = 8265 x 107$ * 22.967
Ap = 0.000 005 Kpv2
For compressible flow with h, or Ap greater than approximately 10% of the inlet
absolute pressure, refer to Crane Technical Paper No. 410M (Metric Edition) Flow of Fluids Through Valves, Fittings, and Pipe.
Analysis of flow test data for different sizes of the same items indicates that the
resistance coefficient K for any given line of vales and fittings knds to vary with
size, in the same manner, as does the friction factor for straight pipe at flow
wnditions resulting in Reynolds numbers falling in the zone of . complete
turbulence.
As previously stated, the resistance coefficient K is always associated with the
.diameter in which the y&city in the term v2/2gn occurs. The values in the K
Factor Table are associated with the internal diameter of the following pipe
schedule numbers for the various ANSI Classes of valves and fittings.
Class 300 and lower . . . . . . . . Schedule 40
Class 400 and 6bO . . . . . . . Schedule 80
Schqdule 120
Class 900 . . . -. . . . . . . -.
Schedule 160
Class 1600 . . . H. . . . H.
Class 2500 (sizes W to 6) . . . . ,.. XXS
Class 2600 (sizes 8 and up) Schedule 160
When the resistance coefficient K is used in flow equation 2, or any of its

equiwlent forms, the wlocity and internal diameter dimensions used in the
equation must be based on the dimensions of these schedule numbers regardless
of the pipe with which the valve may be installed.
An alternate procedure which yields identical results for Equation 2 is to adjust
K in proportion to the fourth power of the diameter ratio, and to base Values of
velocity or diameter on the internal diameter of the connecting pipe.
Equatio#v 5
Subscript Ydefines K and d with reference to the internal diameter of the

connecting pipe.
Subscript b defines K and d with reference to the internal diameter of the pipe
for which the values of K were established, as given in the foregoing list of pipe
schedule numbers.
For nomencktum refer pulse 100
When a piping system contains more than one size of pipe, valves or fittings,
Equation 5 may be used to express all resistance in terms of one size. For this
case, subscript k relates to the size with reference to which all resistances are
to be expressed, and subscript b relates to any other size in the system.
Engineering Oata
Flow of bddhOU$~i~,ktth$ * & Pipe

RESfSTANCE COEFFICIENT K,
EQUIVALENT LENGTH L/D
AN0 FLOW COEFFICIENT -continued
Flow Ctmfficients
It is convenient in some branches of the valve industry, particularly in

wnnection with control values, to express the valve capacity and the ~Iue flow
characteristics in terms of a flow coefficient. In the USA and UK the flow
coefficient at present in use is designated C, and is defined as:
C,, = Rate of flow of water, in either US or UK gallons per minute, at 6OF, at a
pressure drop of one pound per square inch across the valve.
Another coeff icient, Kv, is used in some countries, particularly in E urope, and
this is defined as:
K,, = Rate of flow of water in cubic metres per hour (m3./h) at a pressure drop
of one kilogram force per square centimetre (kgf/cm2) across the valve.
One kgf/cm is equal to 0.980 665 bar (exactly) and in some wntinental
/-- countries the name kilopond (kp) is used in place of kilogram force.
75,di.e. 1 kp/cm = 1 kgf/cm2.
Cv = O.O694&=(in US gallons)
44999)
Q = rate of flow, Iitfes/min.

= density of fluid, Kg/m3
where: p
&I = .pressure drop, bar
In the usual piping installation, the flow will change from laminar to turbulent in
the range of Reynolds numbers from 2000 to 4000, defined on page 108 as the
critical zone. The lower critical Reynolds number of 2000 is usually recognized
as the upper limit for the application of Poiseuilles law for laminar flow in
straight-pipes,
Lamiriar Flc+w conditions

*
Eqwtion 6
which is identical to Equation 3 when the value of the.friction factor for laminar
flow,f= 64/R,, is factored into it. Laminar flow at Reynolds numbers above
~2000 is unstable, and in the critical zone and lower range of the transition zone,
j turbulent mixing and lamin% motion may alternate unpredictably.
D
Equation 2(hL =Kv2/2gn) is valid for wmputing the head loss due to valves and
fittings for all conditions of flow, including laminar flow, using resistance
.
mefficient K as given in the K Factor Table. When this equation is used to
determine the losses in straight pipe, it is necessary to wmpute the Reynolds
number in order to establish the fridtion factor, j, to be used to determine the
value of the resistance coefficient K for the pipe in accordance with Equation 4
(K =fz/m
Valves are often designed withreduced seats, and the transition from seat to
valve endsmay be either abrupt or gradual. Straight-through types such as gate and ball valves SO designed with gradual transition are sometimes referred to as
venturi valves. Formulae (page 104) for computing resistance coefficient Kfor
several types of reduced seat valves have been found to yield results that have
excellent correlation with test results. It will be noted that these computed K
flues are a function of the ratio fl (beta) of the seat diameter to the internal
diameter of the wnnecting pipe.
Valves with Reduced Seats

b
The procedure for determining K for reduced seat globe and angle valves is also
applicable to throttled globe and angle valves. For this Case the value of fl must
be based upon the square root of the ratio of areas,
p=
J5
a2
where :
aI . . . defines area at most restricted point in flow path

a2 . . . defines internal area of connecting pipe
For nmnmchtum rsfsrpcrqu f&30
103
Engineering Data .
1 CRANE 1
Fbwd Fb&~Vdk,Fittings~Pi~
REPRESENTATtVE RESISTANCE
COEFFICIENTS. (K)
.FOR VALVES ANO FITTINGS
PIPE FRICTION DATA

FOR CLEAN COMMERCIAL
STEEL PIPE WITH FLOW
IN ZONE 6F COMPLETE
TURBULENCE
.
Nominal
Size
. mm L
in.
Friction
Factor (f~)
15
20
Kis~onuasof~~u~pi~rrlIShPdon~
25
32
40
50
65,80
100
l-is
150
8,10
12-M
18-24
.017
.016
.OlS
.014
.013
.012
1%
1%
2X,3
.027
-025
.023
,022
-021
-019
-018
FORMULAS
FOR CALCULATING
K FACTORS
FOR VALVES AND FITTINGS
WITH REDUCED PORT
102
Formula f
200,250 300400 450600
Formula 2
o.ELin~ (1 - S2)
K, =
8
Formuta 3
K, =
Formula 4
2.6 sin; (1 - f12),
K =( -f1212
2
8
Formula 5
K
+ Formula 1+ Formula 3
K2 = 2
j34
K, =
K, +rinf[0.8(1 -fl)+2.6(1 -@)I

B
Formuta 6
Fomwk 7
Kl
4 --+##(Fomula2+Formula4)when8=180
04
Subscript 1 defines dimensions and

coefficients with reference to the
smaller diameter.
Subscript 2 refers to the larger
diameter.
SUDDEN AND
GRADUAL CONTRACTION
If: 8 T 45 . . . . . . . . . . K2 = Formula 1
45* 4
SUDDEN AND
GRADUAL ENLARGEMENT
For nwnendimm refer page 109
~180 . . . . K,=Formula2
.
If: 9~45 . . . . . . . . . . K,=Formula3

4 5 d9 T 180.... KpFormula4
REPRESENTATIVE RESISTANCE
COEFFICIENTS (.K)
For form&s&d friction datv, am page 104
K is hamion use of scbdbh p&e as lknsdon w ?02
GATE VALVES
Wedge Disc, Double Disc, or PIug Type
If$= 1,8=0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K, =8fT

fi< land8r45.......... K,=FormulaS
/3< land 45<6<180* . . K,=Formula6
SWING CHECK VALVES
a*
,K=lOOfT
K=SOfT
Minimum pipe velocity (mps) for full disc lift
=4s@
=&Id7
LIFT CHECK VALVES
GLOBE AND ANGLE VALVES
If:
If:
/3=1
K,
=34of,
fl= l.... K, =600fT

j3< l . . . . K, = Formula 7
=SOfl q
.
lib+-
I f : fl=l.. . .K, = !5S fT
l-4
If:
@= l.... K, =SSf,
#3< l.... K2 = Formula 7
= 17Ofl G
TILTING DISC CHECK VALVES
I f : /3=1.. .K, = lSOfT
If:
j3= l.... K, =ssfT
All globe and angle valves,

whether reduced seat or throttled,
i f : fl< l.... K,=Formula7
SiZeS
. a = 5
50mm(2)to2OOmm(8)K=
4ofT
25Omm (lO-)to 350mm(14)K=
3ofT
4OOmm(16)to 12OOmm(48-)K=
2OfT
Minimum pipe velocity
(mps) for full disc lift =
MO*
.
mf = 150
12OfT
mfT
afT
40*
Note. mps = metres per second
I6
Engineering Data *
lc3t~NEl
Flowof Fluids~Vak,httin~~Pipe
REPFiESENTATlVE RESISTANCE
COEFFICIENTS (K)
- -w
STOP-CHECK VALVES
(Globe and Angh Types)
If:
p= l.... &=dmfT
p< l.... K,=Formul~7
fl< l.... K,=Formula7

(mps) for full disc lift

(mps) for fulI disc lift
=70f12 G
=95p JF
FOOT VALVES WITH STRAINER
Poppet Disc
Hinged Disc
K = 42ofT
K = 75fT

(mps) for full disc lift

(mps) for fuli d&c lift
=20 47
=4&r
If:
fl= I.... K,=zmfT
BALL VALVES
a
a
I=
If:
If:
p= l.... K, =300fT
fi= I.... K,=350fT
p< l.... K,=Formula7 fl< l.... K,=Formula7
If:

=75f12 4F
fl=l$=O.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K,=3fT
/3< landh45. . . . . . . . . . . . K,=Foxmula.S

fl< land45<8<18@ . . . . . . K,rFonnuh6
BUTTERFLY VALVES
p= I . . . . K, =ssfT
/3= l.... K, =55fT

fl< l.... K,=Formuh7 /k l..... #,=Formula7
For nomendature refer psga NW
Sizes 50mm(2)to2OOmm(8*)........ K=45fT
K=s!ifT Sizes 4OOmm(16*)to6OOmm(24)..... K=25fT

Sizes 250~(10)tO350~(~4).....
Engineering Data
REPRESENTATIVE RE! ISTANCE

COEFFIC IENTS (K)
Fof fonnulu 8nd ffibtkm &w, see p8g@ 104
K is based on use of schedub p@e as listed on pl~rr 102
STANDARD ELBOWS
PLUG VALVES AND COCKS

3-Way
Straight-Way
90"
K= 16fT
K=30fr
If=
If: fl= 1,
If: fl=l,
K, = 18fT
If=
fl<l
/3=1,
K, =wfT
K, =3Of*
KS = Formula 6
FTANDPRD TEES
MITRE BENDS
oo-
00-
15
30
45-O
rsp
60
75
90
--
2fT
4fT
*fT
15fT
UfT
40 fT
6ofT
Flowthrurun...,.....K=20fT
- Flowthrubranch...... K=dOfT
90 PIPE BENDS AND

FLANGED OR BUTT-WELDING 90 ELBOWS
K
3ofT
PIPE ENTRANCE
Inward
Pmjecting
I
HfT
38 fT
42fT
&fT
5ofT
The resistance coefficient, KB , for pipe bends other than

90" may be determined as follows:
KB=(n- 1)
.
Kr0.78
. Flush
fld
0.00
K
0.5
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.28
0.24
0.15
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.15 uk up
0.04
*=W-bd
For K,
see table
+K
n = number of 90 bends
K = resistance coeffsient for orre$o bend (per iable)
PIPE EXIT
CLOSE PATTERN RETURN BENDS
Rounded
P&Cti?lg
r!
1
K=sofT
K= 1.0
K= 1.0
K= 1.0
Engineering Data
FRICTION FACTORS
FOR CLEAN COMMERCIALSTEEL PIPES
Engineering Data
FIOVV of Fluids through Valves, Fittings

, & Pipe
DENSITY OF
AIR AND GASES
Density of Air in Kilcqpams per Cubic Mare

Fox Premum in Bat Gaw Iadicrted
(Based on an atmospheric pressure of 1.013 25 bar and a molecular weight of 28.97)
0
bar
0 1393
5 1.269
fS :*442:
t
20 1:204
2
bar
bar
5
bar
Et 4:93
.
t-z
1.768
8:
2
x3$
2:;;
6.21
5.64
fz
70
3381 t
2.353'3522
.
1.739 2.314 3.463
35 1.146 1.711 2.277 3.407
58 f*&
60 l&O
70 1.028
80 -1.0
90 0.972
100 0.946
120 0.898
140 0.855
160 0.815
180 0.779
200 0.746
220 0.716
240 0.688
1684 I2.240I 3.353
7.93
7.80
4.33
1-56
4.20
t-
1.537 2.044 3.060

1.493 I 1.986 I 2.973
1.452 1.932 2.891
1.413 1.880 2.814 3.74t
3.55;
3.38d
t
1.217 1.620 21424 3.225
I.164 1.54% 2.317 3.08t
1.114 1.483 2.219 2.959
LO69 1.423 2.129 2.836
1.027 1.367 2.046 2.725
0.989 1.316 l-969 2.623
0.953 1.268 1.898 2.52E
635
5.91
5.39
5.16
260 0.662
280 0638
300 0.616 0.920 1.224 1.832 2A4C
18
19
20
bar
30
bar
40
bu
7
bar
8.95
8.78
8.63
3.844
3.775 %i
6
bar
4Is8
4.42
4.26
m
I I
13 14
a
9
bar bar
bar bar
11.50 12.77 14.05 15.32 16.60 17.88 19.15
pg ;;u; 13.80 15.05 16.30 17.55 18.81
13.55 14.78 16.01 17.24 18.47
16.95 la.15
lo:90 i2:11
16.66 17.84
10.71 11.90
;$.g ; f.;; 12.87 I 14.04 I 15.21 16.38 17.55
12.66 13.81 14.96 16.11 17.26
lo:19 11:32 12.45 13.58 14.72 15.85 16m98
10.03 11.14 12.25 13.37 14.48 15.59 u5.71
15.11 16.19
932 10.80
Ma& .;g.7$
11.18 I 12.20 I 13.21
10.87 11.85 12.84 13:83 14:8 1
10.57 11.!53 12.49 13.45 14.41
8.42 9.35 10.28 11.22 12.15 13.09.14.02
7.99 8.87 9.76 I IO.65 I 11.53 12.42 13.31
7.60 8.45 9.29 10.13 10.97 11.82 12.66
7.25 a . # 8.86 9.66 10.47
6.93 7.70 8.47 9.24 10.01 K3 :22i
6.64 7.37
10.3~,11.06
9.90 10.61
6.37 7.08
g.g lg.;;
;-ii d-E
8:83 9:46
Sk8 6:31
8.52 9.13
5.48 6.09
iiizzii
20.43 I 21.70 II 229
20.06 213122.56
19.71 20.94 22.1
19.36 20.57 21.7
60
80
bar
bar
bar
z 5iz 103.3
75.1
5%
;1Ii E-Z
E :y
69:0 80.3
so 120.50 2158 22.66 33.4 44.2
60 119.88 20.93 21.98 32.4 42.9
79.0
z-ii 76.6
63.8 Tiz
61.9 72.1
ft=
57.0
sJ.1
51.5
49.1
70.1
68.1
66.3
429
59.9
s7.1
it-; Z%
43.1 g
41.4
3E
37.1
4614
44.7
43.2
Interpolate for values at intermediate pressures or temperatures.
_
Air: Values in the table were calculated using the
perfect gas law. Correction for supercompressibility,
the deviation from the perfqzt gas law, would be less
than three percent and has nbt been applied.
*Gases other than air: The weight density of gases
other than air can be determined by multiplying the
density listed for air by the s@&ific gravity @J of the
gas relative to air.
~CRANEJ
Engineering Data
Fkwd Fluii~valves,Fihg.s&Pipe
VISCOSITY OF GASES
AND VA?OtJRS
-+he curves for hydrocarbon vapours
and natural gases in the chart at the
upper right are adapted from data
taken from Maxwell*; the curves for
all other gases (except helium2) in
the chart are based upon .
Sutherlands formula, as follows:
Viscosity of V8h0US GllSeS
cc = P*(+$-)($)32
where:
= viscosity, in centipoise at
P
temperature T.
cb
= viscosity, in centipoise at
temperature To.
= absolute temperature, in
Kelvin (273 + C), for which
viscosity is required.
To
= absolute temperature, in
Kelvin, for which viscosity is
known.
= Sutherlands constant. .
g .028
8
.t, a026
.g .024
8
.g .022
>
1 l 020
IUote: The variation of viscosity

with pressure is small for most
gases. For gases given on this page,
the correction of viscosity for
pressure is less than 10 per cent for
pressures up to 35 bar.
Fluid
02
Air
N2
i
(332
c o
SO2
NH3
H2
-010
.006
.o
100
200
300
.OlSr
Data Book on Hydrocarbons by

J. 8. Maxwell. Courtesy of D.
Van Nostrand Company, Inc. of
New York City.
2 Handbook of Chemistry and
Physics, 44th Edition. Courtesy
of the Chemical Rubber
Publishing Co. of Cleveland, Ohio.
Upper chart exampte: The viscosity
of sulphur dioxide gas (SO,) at
1 OOC is 0.0162 centipoise.
Lower chart example: The viscosity
of carbon dioxide gas (CO, ) at
about 30C is 0.0152 centipoise.
For nomenclbtmrSf;br page 100
so0
Aliscosity of Refriger8nt Vapoun

bmtuf8t8d 8nd -bin)
240
118
416
370
72
400
t - Temperature, in degrees Celsius
Approximate Values of C
127
120
111
Hydra Cubon
.OlS
I
.Li
.S.OlS
z
c
.i.013
c,
.g .012
Y)
a7 -011
a.010
,009
.008
-40
-20
20
40
60
t - Temperature, in degrees Cekius
80
100
Engineering Data
Flow of Fluids thiwghUk,Fitt*, & Pipe
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
OF WATER
ADI
:$
20
vx zis
Bar Absolute
Cubictkcimetres
per ~ogrpm
-023368
:=ixi
I
999.8
99$9
999.7
999.0
998.2
.031663
1.0030
1.0044
997.0
995.6
:-E
.
%I!
:-ET
1:0145
1.0171
990.2 9.88.0
. 985.7
983.2
1.0199
1.022a
1.0258
I -0290
980.5
977.7
974.8
971.8
1.0324
1.0359
968.6
965.3
961.9
958.3
:iz:92
-012271
.017041
25
30
35
40
:EK
.073750
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
25008
.31160
:XZ
85
157803
;;
IEz
1.01325
100
110
:3:
140
2
170
180
190
200
225
250
275
%
350
374.15
%E:
217012 :-%
3.6136
t -:z
7:9203
10.0271
12552
15.551.
25.504
39.776
59.49
85.92
12057
165.37
- 221.20
1,%003
:-izi
.
:-ii%
lb697
1.0798
1.0906
1.1021
:-::z
.
:-:5:3
:::zz
w!
1:5289
1.741
3.170
9s 1.0
943.1
;2t
.
916.9
907.4
897.3
886.9
8&Y
;g:;
.
759.4
712.5
654.1
574.4
315.5
To convert Specific Volume from cubic decimetres per kilogram (dd/k;g) to

cubic metres per kilogram (m3/k) divide values in table by ld3.
TO convert Density from kilograms per cubic metre (kg/&) to kilograms per
litre (J&/We) .divide values in table by 103.
Specific gravity of water at 15C = 1 .OO.
Data on pressure and volume abstracted from UK National Engineering
Laboratory Steam Tables 1964 with permission of HMSO.
Engineering Data
1 CRANE 1
Fkwvd Fluids~Wm,Fitting&Pi~
,
VlSCOSlTY OF WATER
AND STEAM
- IN CENTIPOISE (&I)
Temp,
"C
0
100
1.750
1.750
.544
,544
SF
344
.012
.279
.279
.280
1300 1400 1 So0 I600
7s
700
1.750
1.710
34s
545
s52
.280
,280
-293
-295
.I99
.152
1.750 1.750 1.750
150
.014
,181
-182
-182
.183
.197
200
.016
,016
-016
,134
.135
.135
l lSO
250
.018
.018
.018
.018
.107
.lO8
300
.020
-020
.020 1 .020
Ai20
.020
350
8qO
.U90 1
Jl92.i
.095 1 .098 f
JO1 1
,093 1
-123
.103
JO6
.073 1 .078 1 .(#I2 1 485 1 AI87
.089
375
.023
.023
-023
+24
l 024
.024
.025
.026
.029$
.066
.072
.07Q
,079
a82
400
.024
.024
,024
,025
-025
.02!5
.026
.027
.02!i
A46
a63
.069
,074
.077
.025
.026
.026
,026
,027
.028
.029
-034
.OSQ
Al61
.067
.a71
.027
.027
.027
.a5
.028
.028
.028
360
.075
425
,025
*02!5
450
l 026
,026
475
,027
-027
.027
500
.O28
-028
,028
.029
-029
.029
550
.030
.030
-030
.03i
.031
.031
.048
.053
600
.032
-032
.033
,033
.033
,033
l 046
- 6049
\ 650
.034
,034
.035
,835
,035
-035
.04S
.048
709
.036
,037
-037 I .037
I l 037
-037
.046
.048
-026
AKiO
-038 1 ,039 f
-037 1 .038 1 -038 1 -039 1 441 1 -042 i .dM
--
Notes: (1) The entry shown for OC and 1 bar relates to a metastable liquti state. The stable stata is hera sotid.
(21 Q Critical point, 374,15*C, 221.2 bars.
Sour& of data: NFL Steam Tables 1954 (HMSO, Edinburgh)
--
tngmeermg uara
VISCOSITY OF WATER AND

LIQUID PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
1. Ethane tC,H,)
,
800
2. Propane (C,H,)
. . , 600
3. Butane lC,H,,l
4. Natural Gasoline .
5. G a s o l i n e
6. Wiltef
7. Kerosene
100
80
6. Distillate
9. 46 Deg. API Crude
60
10. 40 Deg. API Crude
11. 35.6 Deg. API Crude

12. 32.6 Deg. API Crude
13. Salt Creek Crude
14.
Fuel 3 f&x.)
15.
Fuel 5 (Min.)
16. SAE IO L&e (100 V.I.) 17. SAE 30 Lube WI0 V.I.)
18. Fuel 5 (Max.1 orFuel 6 (Min.1
19. SAE 70 Lube (100 V.I.)
-
20. Bunker C Fuel (Max.1 and

M.C. Residuum
.8
21. Asphdt
.
.6
.04
:*
.03
260
300
400
500
600
700
Example: Find the viscosity of water at 6O*C
Solution: 60C = 273 + 60 = 333 K

Viscosity of titer at 333 K = 0.47 centipoise (curve 6)
Adapted from data extracted from Ftow Measurement with Orifice Meters by
R. F. Stearns, R. R. Johnson and C. A. Larson; courtesy of D. Van &strand Co,
Inc., New York (Curves 1,2 and 3); Curve 6 is a plot of the viscosity data shown
in the table o_n page 112. All other curves reproduced with permission of the Oil
and Gas Journal.
800
f - Temperature in k&ins (K)
jiiiiiF(
c
Engineering Data
HOVV of Fluids~ i&es, Fittings & Pipe
FLOW OF WATER
THROUGH SCHEDULE 40
STEEL PtPE
ltms und Vdoci
Dis:hPrgc
Littes
per
dinute
Metres
Vdoo Presr.
ity
Drop
Mstres
Me&es
Second bats
Sezd bars
Se:\d. bars
v2m
3Ji
: per
43
0.459
3g
0.726
X8 2*s9 5.59
1184
9.57
2 . 2 9 14.45
ii
2.75 20.29
3.67 35.16
:s
20
988
100
IS0
200
y;o
1:54.
0.679 0.70
0.098
0.092 0 . 4 3 2 0 . 0 3 9
0.115 0;486 0 . 0 4 8
0 . 5 4 0 o.os9
0.141, 0.295
O.SlF
~.~lO . 0.125 0.212
EZ
1:89
t .%
3.85
tS:63
l ::
5.77
6.44
4.05
to392
.
;:,g
.
1000
1100
X8
1400
1500
1600
X88
1900
Z88
2400
if88
3
0.280 0.014
0.31 s 0.017
0.350 0.020
0.524 0.699 0.042 0.072
1.75
1.92
2.10
z3
.
2.62
2.80
3-K
3:32
3.5
3.85
4.20
84%
Ok66
8%
.
0.012
0.014
0.6S.S
0.721
0.786
0.852
0.917
0.015
0.018
0.021
0.025
0.028
12
8-zE
.
3000
3500
%8
5000
%88
8000
9000
0 000
1.35 .
1.50
1.75
2.14
2 000
3.93
: 888
8 000
0 000
Zlf
s:90
6.55
8.19
0.013
0.018.
8.8;;
0.573
8*$3 .
1:1s
0:034
8:K
8:812"
1.1s
0.031
8=8X
0108s
0.157
0.130
:-;I
3169
0.184 0.246
0.317
3*%2 .
w
.
:*z .
5.77
6.92
833 .
Z:Z
!-:i8
1146
2.39 1.90
f*?3
6:68.
,0:38 !E
3 v2**
0.235 0.008
0.261 0 . 0 1 0
0.392 0.02 1
0.52 3 0.036
0.653
0.784
7% s
1:18
1.31
0.053
0.074
o*o99
8W .
:-ii;
2:41
2.89
3.37
3.85
1.45
3.E
s:41
7,27 ,
9.27
0.304 0.011
0.405 0.019
0.507
0.608
0.710
0.811
0.912
0.028
0.040
0.053
0.068
0.084
1.01
1,ll
0.101
0.122
0.146
8%i .
1:42 33
2.61
0.714
3.14
2.87
?%i .
x0
1:19 1.37
3.92
4.18
4.44
1.56
1.78
0.008
8.8; . a .
2.29
8-%07
Oh76
1.83
6.17
10.72
1.99
0.900
i.30. .
:::o
0.442
y.758
2.40
2.70
E8
2.15 1.61
2.76
3.47
9.30 4.25
5
0.387
0:4S2
0.516
O.S81
0.014
0.018
0.023
0.028
8.m; p303
0:775 0:047
0.839 O.OSS
0.904 0.063
0.377
0.452
0.534
8'672227 .
1.29
0.122
0.818
x:'
1.28 1:16
1.94
2.07
5%
2145
t :O i
1.41
1.70
?a
pg
0.264
0.297
0.331
8.3:: .
0.452
. o":z;
0.009
0.011
y177
1:17
- 1.31
1.46
ywp
$33
1.75
2.0s
0.057
0:04r
0.808
E04
1:1s
3.65
8.83
p;
.
0.032
0.044
848%
01084
3.46
2.89
8-i 3
0:248
0.319
0.400
7.31
;.;$8
;.$;
0.49.l
8%
GE
1:27
1.49
6:93
7.50 8.08
8%
oh22
11:o
:*a!! .
8.66
ygs .
1.11
KX2
1172
20
1.30
1.49
.
:*a
2.32
if-z
3172
4.18
0.517
0.689
0.114
0.193
ygl
I:21
pm&
f-$9
0.690
0154 1
1172
23Z .
8.8::
lp;oh49
lh
0.380
0.507
pa;
01888
0.05:
0.09:
8.; gj
01241
1.01
1.14
1.27
1.90
2.54
O-31!
0.39'
?33'
1181
6
0.3s7 0.009
0.402 0.012
0.447 0.014
0.491 0416
0.536 0.019
0.581 0.022
0.62s 0.02s
0.670 0.029
0.715 0.032
$.g64 - t$O&
0:849 0:04S
0.894 0.049
1.34
0.10s
0.118
0.132
8 :#
0.181
1.43
1.52
1.61
1.70.
1.79
8'8758
.
18
8.89797
0.152 Oh24
5%
S:SS
6.58
1.81
3:61
3.87
4.52
5.16
16
0.658
0.731
2:92 2.2
2% .
9.ss
P/4"
.
tip8 pJ2;
0.138 0.011
0:300 0:061 0.172 0.015
0.450 . 0.124 ,0.2S8 0.032
0.600 0.210 0 . 3 4 4 O.OS4
2.03
2.23
2:43
2.64
2.84
3.04
3.24
3.4s
x .
14
0.692
0.810
f.23
:*:i
1:84
2.08
2.31
0.192 0438 / 0 . 1 2 0 0 . 0 1 2
0.24 1 0.057 ~0.150 0.017
8%
1:09
10
0.590
0.622
0:rst
0.223
0.289 0.077
0.385 0.129
0.481 0.193
0.722 . 0.403
0.962 0.683
2.ss
3.40
0.322
0.449
0.606
.
w3
2.95
3.55
E8.
700
0:340
0.425
2.04 5.37
2.72 9.24
0.2 16 0 . 0 1 0
0.270 0.017
0.324 0.023
0.378 0.031
tt8
750
800
850
900
950
1.25 3.18
8% 8.8;: 0.144 0.023
1.50
&8
350
500
550
O.i72 0 . 1 3 6
0.407 0.543 0.48 0.29
2 . 0 1 47-S
11181
I 2.51
3.76 25.67
2/2
0.231 0.016
0.308 0.027
0.385 0.039
0 . 4 6 2 0.055
0.539
0.616
0.693
0.251 0.17
y# yg
1:oo
2109
5x
3157.
0. 0. iI 87 26
0.673
8
0.439
8.Mf
.
0.516
0.568
0.620
$.fWi .
0.01:
0.01
0.01
yJg . 1 :
0.77s 0.02'
0.826 0.03
8.878 0.031
g.wy .
pm; . 4
1.14.
1.03
:-::
1:4s
8%~
0.074 0:06!
.O.OS'
O-09!
1.81
0.13L
2.07 - 0.17:
2.32
g*;g
2.S8
. ,
1.5s
t.tg .
,ysfs3 .
5.36
6.25
7.15
1.47
0.37:
E9
8%~
0:Sli
0.992
24
1.03
1.16
1.28
8.8::
0:020
1.61
1.93
2.2s
8.83
0:057
9% .
8% .
6.20
1.41
.
2fi
2.48
1491
1 cubic metre = 1000 litres.

For pressure drop and velocity for pipe other t)ran Schedule 40 and other than 100 metros long, see expfsnetions on paes 116.
For nomsnclstum refer pw 100
0.00'
~.~~',
. a
Engineering Data
FLOW OF AIR
THROUGH SCHEthilE 40
STEEL PtPE
Free, Air
qrn
Cubic Metres
per Minute
at 15Cand
1.013 bar abs
PressuttDropofAk
In Bm per 100 Metres of &hd& 40 Pipe
C u b i c Metres
per Minute
at 15Cand
7 bar gauge
For Air at 7 bu gauge pressure and 15 C Temperature

I&@
0.03
8-8~
0.093
0.337
'14"
0.021
0.072
0.15
0:12
YE:98
11942
0:4os
8%
8-3 .
7.554 3.357
?*E8
2171
f-:8 .
0.011
8.03
0.117
0:6 8-Z
1.2s
2:o %
2.25
2.5
3.0
3.5
f
t
10
11
12
0.0885
0.101
0.114
0.126
0.158
0.011 0.005 1
0.027
0.018 _ . 0.0067.
3/4"
1 88
0.0035
0.03s
l'/s"
0.0066
1/2@
0.0086
0.0041
0.190
0.221 0.253
8.23::
'18"
7.20
9.79
21/2
8-88~~
838G
33':
8.6
0:012
0.016
0.019
0.027
83435
$t#. .
0.085
0.101
0.119
8-i . 3: -
f-:+3 .
1.391
1.517
I:896
f -%
3
0.0051
0.0063
8.8Z0
0:015
003;3 .
0.028
xi 31812
4
1.92
0.565
0.754
Et4
1:s4
g~~
4132
5.34
3
ho
7.68
8.88%
pm;4 .
8%
q8'
838253
0:019
83% .
0:0098
0.013 0.011
0.028
0.01s
5.43
3:85
EE .
7.29
8.67
.
.
'
0.13s
0.184
8%:
01368
1.71
2.02
22% 3:13
0.017
0.029 0.022
0.036
0.045
0.063
0.086
0.110
0.136
0.164
0.004a
0,0064
8-8Y82
0:012
0.018
0.024
0.030
8.843: .
0.774
8'8:;
0.145 0:ris
0.179
0.217
l
E
1:2s 1.44
8*Z3
0.393 0:343
_
::
0.178
f!
20
3:
2.781 3.034
3.287
3.793
3.540
32
32
3
t&4&6
4s
g8 .
18
120
130
0.058
4:ss f
'5Ci~ .
0.107
wit
0:171
0.197
0.682
0.770
l:os
8%::
5.689
0.435
0.500 0.443
23':
5149
83f
0:68s
0.0072
8-8:;
0:071
0.082
0.094
8.83:
0:037
0.049
0.043
;.gM&6
0:012
8.8:t' .
6"
f*tE
9128
8-88X .
0.0069
X.80;;
;h:6 . 8
8-E:
0:134
0.148 0.164
6.32 7.585 1
8.850 1
IOJ
\ 4.01 3.57
. 5"
8;8%
0:OSl
0.089
0.287
8%~
8.03;
0.013
0.254
8%5 0:639
*:I88
8=!3ft .
0:oss
0.080 0.104
0.016 0.023
0.031 0.040
0.0058
8*8%i7 .
3%
4122
5% .
8%~
JhS
32"
4%
8109
:*97:
2117
2.41
2.6?
10
:g.~~
6.59 5.34
1.70
0.808'
83fS
8-8:;
0.0041
13:91
is.17
7.97
9.49
22%
3:02
3.55
Sf2
I:42
1.67
0:621
0:019
0.022
0.026
8*8%8
0:0071
0.0082
4.12
1.93
3.22
3.94
.
8-G
1.00
1.1s
0.120
0.138
%
4156
1.90
8.23ti
0:sso
0.735
33 3188
4.69
m l:so
1.82.
8% .
140
SO
%SX
3och
350
400
$8
550
44.25
SO.57
63.21 56.89
69.53
ff8
700
75.85 82.17
88.50
6.55 5.58
Ef
2194
38
850
101.1 94.82
107.5
ii4674 .
xi
4:34
t*z3
68":: .
0.029
0.034
0.059
0.090
0.129
3.36
4.1s
5.98
8.14
12
8=88%
0:012
0.017
8-8tf
0.112 0109 1
0.134
0.023
0.030
8-8::
0:oss
0.066
8%
0.319
0:101 0.115
0.130
For calcufations for pipe other than Schedule 40 and Oth8f than 100 met- long, and for other temperature/pressure
donditions, see page 116.
For nomenclature refer page 1 a0
II!
Engineering Data
[CRANEI
Flaw d FhJs thfo~&Valm, Fittings & Pipe
FLOW OF WATER
THROUGH SCHEDULE 40
STEEL PIPE
- continued from page 114
For lengths of pipe other than 100 metres the pressure drop is proportional to
the length. Thus, for 50 metres of pipe, the pressure drop is approximately onehalf the value given in the table . . . for 300 metres, three times the given value,
etc.
PRESSURE DROP FOR

LENGTHS OF PIPE
OTHER THAN 100 METRES
Velocity is a function of the ;cross sectional flow area; thus, it is constant for a
given flow rate and in independent of pipe length.
\IELOCITY
PRESSURE DROP AND
VELOCITY FOR PIPE OTHER
THAN SCHEDULE 40
To determine the velocity or pressure drop of water through pipe other than
Schedule 40, use the following formulas:
Subscript ti refers to the Schedule of pipe through which velocity or pressure

.
drop is desired,
.
Subscript 40 refers to the velocity or pressure drop through Schedule 40 pipe,

as given in the tables on page 114.
FLOW OF A(R
THROUGH SCHEDULE 40
STEEL PIPE
- continued from page 115
. PRESSURE DROP FOR
LENGTHS OF PIPE OTHER
THAN 100 METRES
for lengths of pipe other than 100 metres the pressure drop is proportional to
the length..Thus, for 50 metres of pipe, the pressure drop is approximately onehalf the value given in the table . . . for 300 metres, three times the given value,
The pressure drop is also inversely proportional to the absolute pressure and
directly proportional to the absolute temperature.
Therefore, to determine the pressure drop for inlet or average pressures other
than 7 bar and at temperatures other than 15 C, multiplythe values, given in the
table by the ratio:
where:
PRESSURE DROP THROUGH

PIPE OTHER THAN
SCHEDULE 40
p ii the inlet or average gauge pressure in bars, and

t is the temperature in degrees Celsius under consideration.
To determine the pressure drop through pipe other than Schedule 40, use the
following formula:
Subscript a refers to the Schedule of pipe through which pressure drop is

desired.
Subscript 40 refers to the pressure drop through Schedule 40 pipe, as given in
the table on page 115.
LOW RATE OF COMPRESSED AIR

TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE
THER THAN METRiC STANDARD
CONDfTIONS (MSC)
For notnencla
turn ns fer p4gu 100
The cubic metres per minute of compressed air at any pressure is inversely
proportional to the absolute pressure and directly proportional to the absolute
temperature.
To determine the cubic metres per minute of compressed air at any temperature
and pressure other than standard conditions (MSC),.multiply the vatue of cubic
metres per minute of free air by the ratio:
Engineering Data
Flow of Fluids thtaigtj Vi&es, Fi(ti*gs& Pipe

SIMPLlFiED
FLOW FORMULA
FOR COMPRESSBLE FLUtDS
PIPE OR VALVE PRESSURE DROP,
RATE OF FLOW, AND SIZE
The-simplified flow formula was developed from the Darcy

formula and employs friction factors for the My turbulent
range (see page 108).
The Darcy formula can be written in the following form:
Valu4g of Cl (metric)
W
ijji Cl
10 .1
.9
*hlO =62530fV
.a
.7
r
l(r Cl
6000
BOO0
W2
Let C, = 13 and C2 =
62 530 x 1Of
dS
4000
3000
The simplified flow formula can then be written:
2500
2000
1000
900
000
700
CI = disch;ir$je factor, froh chart at right

C2.= size f+ctor
from tables on pages 118 to 120
.
600
The limjtp%io$)s of the Oarcy formula for compressible flow,

as qutlined& page 120 apply also to the simplified flow
formula. . .
Example1
.:
__
SW
300.
and 250C flows through an 8inch

Schedute 40 piti.& a rate of 100 000 kilograms per hour.
Given: Steam #:?a b&ahsolut.e
260
200
c
,-
Solution:
:- -
Cl
=io$;i.]-
~O~~<~~ . . . . . . . . . . . I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
page.118
.6
For ~zvalwsseepages118to
120
Converting Flow Rates sac page 120
Cl
= 1 x 9.?1. 3 o$j&
9.42
=9900.,.*;... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
qin
q;n
= ws (73.5Sb). . . . ..-................
=99QQi(73.5x11)~134.7m3/min
this page
p3ge 120
ICRANEI
Engineering Data
Flow of Fkrick ho& kh&, Fhngs & Pipe
StMPtlFfED
*
FLOW FORMULA
FOR COMPRESSIBLE FtUIDS
VAiJJES.OF Cz (METRIC) FOR STEEL PIPES TO

ANSI 636.10:. 1970 AND BSWOO: PART 2: 1970
Nomid
Se&j&
- size
T!!?ches
NUJd88-
V&B8
ofct
Nom&l
size
T
aches
r394oaOO
461ooooo
408
Box.
40s
2800000
+a
BOX
40s
I Box
7 SSOOOO
561000
1260000
?++
has
164 600
327 SO0
8
40s
BOX
160
..*
1
40s
80x
MO* .
...
1%
408
BOX
160
l . .
37 300
176
65 200
LOO
1104mn
v-w
1 iO0
1590
292a
8 150
108
BOX
160
...
297
4iS
839
1582
2%
40s
80x
160
...
117
162
2S7
669
408
Box
16Q
. 0.
3%
4
40s
80x
w
160
. . . xx
iE
I aa7
1 0.326
12
@us
I
[
:
20
.
2-4
0.81 x 0.273 = 1o-85
.. S
2n
.* YA
40
JV
dM51
m468
J Ikwu6
I EEE
10
20s
30X
d:
*
80
100
120
1 4 0
160
24
10
20s
*ii
40
60
1:
120
t::t
3;
0.018 41
.??x
60
80
100
b 0.273 . . . . . . page 32
ii
80
10
.20
30s
160.
:3
140
160
z
. 4os . .
:z
EKt
a012 32
a014 15
CL016 30
a019 34
CL-1 DQ
Qn
60..
...X
60
80
;g .
140
160
14
%E
AW
i::
.
QOOB 1s
?2
i%
18..
.80
loo
120
17.6
23.2
.I
-60X
37.7
SO3
85.0
17ao
c=
a2i4
20
.30
40s
Find: The smallest ti*e of IS0 336 steel pipe suitable.
c, = 0.81
1.786
om4
,Mw
Il iZii
160
Example 3
Given: A 6 bar gauge saturated steam line with 9000 kilograms per
hour flow is permitted a maximum pressure drop of 2.4 bar p6r 100
metfes of pipe.
c\p,, = 2.4
1.074
VIlbre
titi!ie
10
20
30s
16
. . . xx
ti:
. . . xx
Solution:
_NOlIh8l
pipeinches
:z
10
2 480
3720
6 140
24 OW
40s
BOX
100
10470
17000.
39600 ~
2OoaOO
2798
32590
4.734
.20
30
408
--
w-v
408
BOX
160
...
2.
40s .
80x
120
---Box.I l--~&)4
6- . I
* II
?f!iizig
V&8
. of5
::8
a01934 .
Omo20 33
0.021 89
:z ;i
0.033 40
09038 37
a044 35
Extra Strongyand Double Extra Strong
Referance to the table of C, values for IS0 336 pipes on m

119 shows that a 4 inch nominal sla pipe with 7.1 mm wall
thickness has the c, value nearest to, but less than, 10.85.
The actual pressure drop per 100 metres of 4 inch, 7.1 mm WI
thickness, pipe is:
400 c&.$ = 0.81 x 10.22 x-O.273 = 2.28 bar
. . -eys. .
En@eering D a t a
.
.
SIMPLIFIED
FLQW FORMULA
FOR ccw~ReS$IBLE FLUIDS
VALUES OIB. C2 tMETR8C) FOR STEEL PIP& Ti3 IS0 336 - 1974
,
:
.
.
.
Engineering Data
1 CRANE 1
J
SIMPLIFIED
FLOW FORMULA
FOR COMPRESMLE FLUIDS
VALUES OF q (METRIC) FOR STEEL PlpEs TO IS0 336 - 1974
12
16
1 . E
do
cm8 14
om% 31
0.8
lOb0
3
143
Id0
178s
2aa
222
*
.
14
Be8
1tM
EZ
3QO
320
3690
E
142
16mO
17s
* 2&o
x22
35.0
20
iHE
QW898
acm26
oboo!mi.
aw
EEz
U.012 61
0.013 83
@a014 90
t% t3
QOl906
a02148
ao2s30
18
24
L1MlTATIONS OF SIMPLIFIED FLOW FORMULA -
1: f%w rates through throttled or reduced se8t v&es may

be reStri&d by s&c velocity at the se8t; the formula is not
spplicable for this condition of flow.
2 The formula is accurate for the fully turbulent flow
rkge indicated by the frictiqn factor diegram, 8nd eh
provides 8 good approximation for most normal flow
conditions.
3. whin pressure drop is less than 10 per cent of the inlet
gauge pressure, use t or p based on either inlet or outlet
conditions.
4. hen pressure drop is greater than .lO per cent but less
than 40 per cent of the inlet g8uge pressure, use the
average of Par p based on inlet and outlet conditions.
5. when pressure drop is greater than 40 per cent of the

inlet (ia
pressure, divide the pipe into shorter sections
and use 7or p based on an 8verage of the inlet and outlet
conditions of the shorter pipe section.
CONVERTING FLOW RATES
To convert flow rates given in kilograms per hour (w), to
metric standard cubic metres per hour (qb) or to metric
standard cubic metres per minute (q,), use the following _
formulas:
w
qh = rEq
W
I
qm %3zg

Crane Engineering Data2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Crane Engineering Data2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Engineering Data

ISO METRIC BOLTS

HlGH TENSILE BOLTS

a16 MZO- y24 M27 M30 ,q

Diameter of unthr& shank bnax)

Width across flats

-Depth of bolt head

Bdts that are too short for minimum

Over 125mm upto

OTHER STRENGTH GRADES AND THRFADS

RECOMMENDED BOLT AND NUT STRENGTH GRADE COMBINATIONS

277.0 20.50 26.70 360.0

&Btimaw tensile strength imin)

Yield stress bnin)

Proof bad stres

= 9.81 N/m& approx

EXPLANATION OF STRENGTH GRADE DESIGNATIONS

The flange dimensions i.n the

1. These sizes are included for

2. Sizes in range above 24 in

3. Sizes larger than 36 in

The availability of mating

This table indicates the

1 PRESSURE (BAR GAUGE) AT TEMPERATURE (oC)

34.5 29.3 26.9 Q3.8 22.1 21.4 20.7

51.1 E l5.2M.4 143.8 143.3

FLANGE COMPARISON TABLES

notes applicable to these tables see page 84

FLANGE COMPARISON TABLES

For notes applicable to these tables see

FLANGE COMPARISON TABLES

ANSI CLASS 150 152

*Table A thickness is 16 (8)

For notes applicable to these tables see page 84

FLANGE COMPARISON TABLES

65nrn (22 in)

INTEGRAL FLANGE. DIMENSIONS

ANSI CLASS 150

*Table A thickness is 17 (+)I

For notes applicable to these tables see page 84

INTEGRAL FLANGE DIMENSIONS

ANSI cLASS 150

ANSI CLASS 150

*Table A thickness is 19 (36) and drilling it 4 holes

For notes applicable to these tables see page 84

FLANGE COMPARISON TABLES

CfAss 300 318

CLASS 125 279

INTEGRAL FLANGE .DfMf

*Table A drilling on size 6 is 4 holes, thickness

For notes applicable to these tables see page 84

FLANGE COMPARISON TABLES

CLASS 125 343

CLASS 300 381

INTEGRAL FLANGE DlMENS,lONS.

For notes applicable

these tables see page 84

ANSI CLASS 150

(1) on sizes 12 in & 14 in respectively; dritling is 8 holes on both sirsr

For notes applicable to these tables see page 84

INTEGRAL FLANGE QIME

ANSI CLASS 150

CLASS 125 635

A N S I CLASS15fJ 635 (25)