THE EFFECT OF (eGO Waste) PRIVATE PUBLIC PARTNERSHIP - INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE SUBDIVISION SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (PPP-ISSSWM) PROGRAM

IN HOUSING SUBDIVISION PROJECTS: PROPOSED IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM

A Research Proposal Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Health Science, Management and Pedology Southwestern University e!u ity

"n Partial Fulfillment of the Re#uirements for the Su!$ect Researc !" P#$%!c A&'!"!s(ra(!)"

!y

E"*P* RODRIGO B* MALLONGA+ CE+ MBA %octorand

May, &'('

TABLE OF CONTENTS Pa,e CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE INTRODUCTION Rationale of the Study *heoretical +ac,ground II THE PROBLEM Statement of the Pro!lem Significance of the Study III RESEARCH METHODOLOG/ Research %esign Research Respondents Research 0nvironment Research "nstrument Research Procedures Gathering of %ata *reatment of %ata DEFINITION OF TERMS BIBLIOGRAPH/ APPENDICES CURRICULUM VITAE ) (.. && && .&. &/ -' -( -& -& -. 01 -2 -3 45

C a6(er 7 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE INTRODUCTION

Ra(!)"a%e )8 ( e S(#&9 Metro Manila and -) 1orthern 2u3on Provinces of the Philippine Archipelago suffered4 More than (,''' people were

,illed and an estimated &' +illion pesos worth of damage to government infrastructures, private properties, agricultural and educational institutions, !rought a!out !y the destructive floods of the twin typhoons, 5ndoy and Pepeng, which devastated the country late Septem!er and early 5cto!er of &''64 07perts have attri!uted the high floodwaters to a )'8year record heavy rainfall, delayed release of dam spills, sedimentation and silting of drainage channels due to logging operations, constriction9clogging of waterways including the shallowing of 2aguna de +ay, which was due to the continuous dumping of solid

wastes from near!y communities, including su!divisions4 "t was o!served that solid wastes clogged the waterways, disrupted and o!structed the flow of floodwaters to the sea, causing the waters to rise a!ove, and even !eyond, the roof of one8storey !uildings along the rivers4 *his current situation in the Philippines calls for the

application and implementation of a P#$%!c Pr!:a(e Par("ers !6I"(e,ra(e& S#s(a!"a$%e S#$&!:!s!)" S)%!& Was(e

Ma"a,e'e"(+ (eGO Waste) program and an integrated life cycle management concept at the Housing Su!division level, which also presents a uni#ue opportunity to reconcile development with environmental protection4 07isting su!division development laws in the Philippines, such as, P% &.&6, P% 6:. and +P &&' re#uires

Housing9Su!division %evelopers to turn over the facilities of the housing su!division, such as water, power, road networ,s,

drainage system, etc4, to the 2GU and9or the duly organi3ed and registered Homeowners Association for operation and maintenance upon completion4 Upon acceptance of the su!division pro$ect, the responsi!ility of disposing solid wastes, among others, is therefore assigned to the 2GU or in their a!sence or remiss, the homeowners

themselves4 %espite the enactment of several environmental laws, particularly Repu!lic Act 6''-, or the 0cological Solid Management Act of &''', su!division homeowners lac, the legal framewor,, right information, education, communication, financing and

organi3ation, and are left empty handed on how to manage the disposal of the Solid ;aste generated !y their community4 *his situation usually occurs due to the fact that there is no law enacted mandating and compelling the housing su!division developer, as part of their orporate Social Responsi!ility < SR=, to

institutionali3e the solid waste management program in their ongoing and future su!division pro$ects, in accordance with RA 6''-, and officially turnover the supposedly continuing program, including all the facilities, to the homeowners and9or the 2GU, for proper operation and management upon completion4 *hrough the years, little attention has !een paid to the management of solid wastes in housing su!divisions throughout the country4 *he situation with respect to waste management can !e titled as particularly severe4 ;hile the government has improved dramatically our collection service in the last several years, there are still fundamental #uestions a!out solid waste management that need to !e answered to come to the formulation

and implementation of an integrated sustaina!le su!division solid waste management system4

*he overall gruesome effects of the disaster, !rought a!out !y the typhoons Pepeng and 5ndoy, which could have !een mitigated !y proper solid waste management, has led the researcher to conduct a research study on the effectiveness of implementing a P#$%!c Pr!:a(e Par("ers !6-I"(e,ra(e&

S#s(a!"a$%e S#$&!:!s!)" S)%!& Was(e Ma"a,e'e"(+ ( eGO Waste) program at the Housing Su!division level under the over8 all management of its real estate developer, as part of their orporate Social Responsi!ility < SR=4 *he purpose of this research is to determine the

effectiveness in implementing the eGO Waste Program in a certain H5US"1G SU+%">"S"51 Pro$ect and suggest mechanisms to strengthen the current waste management practices in this su!division and other housing su!divisions in the *his program, which encourages ountry4 pu!lic sector

greater

participation in solid waste management in accordance with the !asic policies of RA 6''-, or the 0cological Solid ;aste

Management Act of &''', shall !e initiated and managed !y the

su!division

developer

as

part

of

their

orporate

Social

Responsi!ility < SR=4 "f properly implemented and sustained, it is designed to help solve the common pro!lem of improper disposal of Solid ;astes which ultimately settle in waterways and hopefully reduce, if not totally prevent, damage to life and property in the event another similar occurrence of flooding due to typhoons or any disaster, God for!id, would stri,e again in any part of the country4 *hrough this study, the researcher aims to e7plore some of the facets of the waste pro!lem, namely? (=4 to carry out a comprehensive waste characteri3ation study in a su!division pro$ect and lay the foundation for e7tending this wor, to other areas and sectors in the city and country@ &=4 to !uild homeowners capacities to deal with su!division solid waste management under the initiative, guidance and supervision of the real estate developer@ -=4 to e7plore possi!ilities of resource recovery <recycling and composting= of waste with adapted technologies su!division@ )=4 to add value to waste with a view to convert it to a more useful raw material as energy recovery@ within the

:=4 to disseminate information a!out the PRIVATE-PUBLIC PARTNERSHIP-INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE SUBDIVISION

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (PPP-ISSSWM) or eGO Waste system to all concerned4 A=4 *o lo!!y for the enactment of a national law, in line with the provisions of RA 6''-, mandating and re#uiring the su!division developer to institutionali3e the eGO Waste Program in all their on8going and upcoming su!division pro$ects, as part of their prior to its turn over to the 2GU9 Homeowners Association4 *he researcher !elieves he is competent to delve into this study as he is a registered 0nvironmental 9 Ur!an Planner and 0ngineer providing consulting services of in the fields ivil of SR,

0nvironmental

"mpact

Assessment

pro$ects,

General

0ngineering, +usiness Management and Real 0state %evelopments, particularly in housing, mining, logging, plantations,

manufacturing, ports and har!ors, sanitary landfills, hydroelectric plants and water supply, among others4 He is also currently

engaged in su!division pro$ect developments where this program shall, hopefully, !e implemented, when proven effective4

Re:!e; )8 Re%a(e& L!(era(#re *he United 1ations onference on 0nvironment and

%evelopment, held in Rio de Baneiro in Bune (66&, focused the world attention on the undesira!le effects of economics and population growth? climate change caused !y the accumulation of green house gases, depletion of the o3one layer and the increased levels of Su!division Solid ;aste <SS;=4 *he conference reaffirmed that environmentally sound practice for the management of waste is one of the ma$or issues that needs to !e addressed for maintaining the #uality of 0arthCs environment and for achieving sustaina!le development <%hindaw, &'')=4 Among the many pro!lems addressed, it was concluded that increased levels of Su!division Solid ;aste <SS;= are the undesira!le !y8product of population growth, the changes in consumption ha!its and

economic development <5$eda8+enite3 and +eraud82o3ano, &''-=4 Although SS; does not have the catastrophic potential of either glo!al warming or stratospheric o3one depletion, it has long posed threats to environmental #uality and human health and is typically of great local and immediate concern4 Methane < H)=

10

produced !y the anaero!ic decomposition of waste !uried in landfills and open dumps is a significant contri!utor to glo!al H)

emissions, with estimates ranging from (' to .' * grams per year <('(& g9yr=4 Glo!al anthropogenic sources emit -A' *g9yr, which suggests that landfills may account for - to (6D of the total <%oorn and +arla3, (66:=4 Accelerating ur!ani3ation has led to rapid increase in SS; generation that has dramatically e7panded the !urden on local governments in many developing countries to collect, process, and dispose of SS; in socially efficient ways <+eede and +loom, (66:= and the amounts of refuse destined for final disposal rapidly consume landfill capacity4 1owadays, solid waste management is a pro!lem of ma$or relevance for all societies4 "n developing countries, this pro!lem is neglected for decades4 "n fact, Ehdego <(66:= enumerated a

num!er of factors that can !e implicated in this neglect? (=4 politicians and government suffer to the out8of8sight, out8of8 mind syndrome where!y ur!an solid waste is dumped away from sight of people@ &=4 stagnating economy of the country means little investment into waste management leading to inappropriate technology@

11

-=4

low

living

standard

of

communities

which

hinder

the

implementation of waste management due to struggle for survival and low awareness, and )=4 a!sence of planning for waste services <in housing

developments=4 Pearce and *urner <(66)= noted that solid waste poses several ma$or pro!lems for the developing world to wit? a= health ha3ards and environmental degradation from uncollected waste, != health ha3ards and environmental degradation from collected !ut poorly disposed of waste, and c= the economic !urden of waste disposal on towns and cities4 5ne method of defining waste is !y a listing of activities or su!stances, which come within the range of definition4 An alternative techni#ue would !e to define !y reference to the purpose of the regulation4 ;aste is distinguished from gar!age4 "n this regard, waste is meant as Fany residual materials which arise from human activities and which are not considered to !e of immediate useG, while gar!age is defined as Fany o!$ect which has no possi!le further useG <Gatot Eudo,o, &'''=4

12

Read

<(666=

defines

waste

as

any

su!stance,

which

constitutes scrap material or an effluent, or other unwanted surplus su!stances arising from the application of a process, or any su!stance or article, which re#uires to !e disposed of as !eing !ro,en, worn out, contaminated or otherwise spoiled4 SS; comprises primarily household collected waste, !ut also includes light commercial and industrial waste collected !y local authorities4 Additionally, household waste is an element of SS; which is !y nature one of the hardest sources of waste to manage effectively, and !ecause of the diverse nature of its material4 According to PongrHc3 <&''&=, waste is descri!ed as an unwanted, !ut not avoided output, whence its creation was not avoided either !ecause it was not possi!le, or !ecause one failed to avoid it4 He identified four waste classes namely? lass (? non8wanted things, created not intended, or not avoided, with no purpose@ lass &? things that were given a finite purpose, lass -? things

thus destined to !ecome useless after fulfilling it@

with well8defined purpose, !ut their performance ceased !eing accepta!le, and lass )? things with well8defined purpose, and

accepta!le performance, !ut their users failed to use them for their intended purpose4

13

Su!division solid waste includes all solid wastes generated in the su!division community e7cept for industrial and agricultural wastes4 "t generally includes discarded dura!le and non8dura!le goods, containers and pac,aging, food scraps, yard trimmings, miscellaneous inorganic de!ris, including household ha3ardous wastes <for instance pesticides, !atteries, left over paints etc4= and often construction and demolition de!ris and sludge and ashes generated !y sewage treatment and Su!division solid waste incinerators4 *here generators? are eight ma$or classifications of solid waste

residential,

industrial,

commercial,

institutional,

construction and demolition, Su!division services, processes and agricultural4 *here is no consistent definition of SS; across countries4 "n some cases, it encompasses industrial and

commercial waste and even construction and demolition de!ris, which ma,e its estimation incorrect, and leads to erroneous policy formulation <Snigdha Rapid ha,ra!arti I Prasen$it Sar,hel, &''-=4 growth and proliferation of Housing

population

Su!division developments in ur!an areas are seriously degrading the ur!an environment in the Philippines4 5ne of the most serious environmental conse#uences of the process of ur!ani3ation is the

14

ever8growing amount of solid and li#uid wastes generated !y cities <U1 HS, (66)=4 5ften, a discrepancy e7ists !etween the growing population and the increasing demand for sanitation and solid waste collection services on one hand and the capacity of the local government to provide these services on the other4 "n many cities in the Philippines, solid waste collection is inade#uate and poor, leaving waste uncollected in streets, dumped in vacant lands, drains and surface water, and !urnt in the open air4 "nade#uate sanitation is also #uite common in low8income or highly ur!an and rural areas, posing threats to pu!lic health4 +oth solid waste management and sanitation are costly services, partly due to inefficiencies and the focus on large scale areas and large8 scale solutions4 *he legitimate #uestion arises on how we can deal with solid and li#uid wastes in an efficient, effective and integrated sustaina!le manner, particularly, in small areas such as

su!divisions in ur!an9rural areas in the Philippines4 *he eGO Waste concept is an approach to reach !etter, more integrated sustaina!le solutions to solid waste pro!lems, especially in ur!an housing su!divisions in cities in the Philippines4 "n this paper, the concept will !e e7plained and shall !e used as an assessment9 analysis9 implementation tool4 *he eGO Waste

15

C)"ce6( is not a goal in itself nor is it a !lueprint4 *he concept shall !e used for the design of pilot pro$ect settings, for monitoring of activities in these pilot pro$ect settings and as a guideline for the preparation of case studies on the ne7t pilot pro$ect settings4

16

THE PROBLEM S(a(e'e"( )8 ( e Pr)$%e' *his study will determine the effect of implementing eGo Waste Pr),ra' otherwise ,nown as Private Pu!lic Partnership J "ntegrated Sustaina!le Su!division Solid ;aste Management ity in

Program <PPP8"SSS;M= in Sintos Su!division, +utuan

solving the pro!lem of disposing solid waste4 *he findings of which will !e the !asis for a proposed implementation4 Specifically, answers to the following #ueries will !e sought? (4 ;hat is the profile of Sintos Su!division in the aspect of? (4( (4& &4 ;hat is the (=4 what are the actual pro!lems and causes in our current waste management system at a certain Su!divisionK &=4 how much waste is generated on8siteK@ -=4 how much illegal dumping or !urning really occurs thereK@

17

)=4 what is the true potential of our solid wastes? recycling, composting, energy recoveryK :=4 how can waste pro!lems !e solved thereatK A4= an a P#$%!c Pr!:a(e Par("ers !6-I"(e,ra(e& S#s(a!"a$%e

S#$&!:!s!)" S)%!& Was(e Ma"a,e'e"(+ (eGO Waste) program help solve this pro!lemK SIR+ REMEMBER THE STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM THAT WE REFINED IN CLASS< WHERE /OUR CLASSMATES

PARTICIPATED IN THE BRAINSTORMING< I HOPE /OU HAVE THAT COP/< THAT WAS /OUR

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM* I COULD NO LONGER TRACE M/ FILES AFTER IT WAS CORRUPTED LAST APRIL* I HOPE DC AL SAVED IT IN HIS DES=TOP*

S!,"!8!ca"ce )8 ( e S(#&9 *here is a need for information to !e shared, pro$ects to !e evaluated, and difficulties to !e discussed on waste management practices at Sintos Su!division, +arangay >illa Lananga4 *his is necessary to develop practical alternatives to strengthen its current waste management practices and to increase awareness a!out

18

more sustaina!le approaches to solid waste management4 "t is e7pected that this research will provide a systematic plan for solid waste management in the study area4 *his study can also provide useful information for solid waste managers and decision ma,ers when they are conducting long term planning of solid waste management activities4 2essons learned and e7periences will !e of use to other su!division pro$ects to increase understanding of solid waste management and inspire the development of ideas and actions4 Finally, ma7imi3ed environmental and economic !enefits may !e achieved through its application4 *his study will !enefit the following? S#$&!:!s!)" Res!&e"(s > )#se )%&s will !e the main

!eneficiary of the effective and dependa!le waste collection 8 8 8 NGOs through this study can further increase the capacity to assist the people or community in 8 8 8 8 L)ca% G):er"'e"( through the findings of this study will !e provided with pertinent information in the hope of developing policies that 8 8 8 DENR E":!r)"'e"( A&:)ca(es E",!"eer!", Prac(!(!)"ers

19

E",!"eer!", S(#&e"(s C!(9 A&'!"!s(ra()rs F#(#re Researc ers can utili3e the findings of the study for future research underta,ings4

Sc)6e a"& L!'!(a(!)" *he study is limited to the research of residential <household= solid waste in Sintos Su!division, +arangay >illa Lananga, +utuan ity4 *his is the gar!age produced !y households <and small !usinesses= that is pic,ed up !y the 2GU, for ;aste %isposal and the private waste contractors ollection and !y the

<hired

developer92GU=4 5ther types of waste such as li#uid, industrial and ha3ardous waste will not !e investigated in this study4 *he limitation is a deli!erate effort to ma,e the pro$ect managea!le given the time and resources availa!le to complete the pro$ect4 *his study does not pretend to produce a scientific document on new waste technologies or models or de!ate e7isting technologies or models !ut rather a document with a strong social relevance4 "t is designed to support initiatives, !ring useful information to all involved sta,eholders <policyma,ers, communities, industries and academic9training !odies=, and contri!ute to the setting8up of a

20

vision for an

integrated

and sustaina!le management of solid and other su!divisions in the

wastes in S"1*5S SU+%">"S"51 country4

RESEARCH METHODOLOG/ Researc Des!,"

*his study is a com!ination of a literature review, interviews, and field research4 "t is founded on #ualitative and #uantitative methods of research4 However, !efore gathering data, this

researcher made literature studies and identified theories and concepts most relevant to the study4 "nterviews will !e conducted with officials to !ring to light the present state of S;M in +arangay >illa Lananga <development situation, pro!lems and plans=,

particularly in S"1*5S SU+%">"S"514 *his approach will ensure that all the local issues affecting waste management in the su!division are ta,en into consideration4 *he results of the field research to !e conducted, will provide a good estimate of the generation of residential waste in S"1*5S SU+%">"S"514 "nsights of the technical possi!ilities of composting on pilot scale and the

21

demand 9 willingness of households to participate in future S;M programs will also !e determined4 Researc Res6)"&e"(s

"ncluded in this study will !e the following? (=4 Residents9households of Sintos Su!division mainly

interested in receiving effective and dependa!le waste collection service at a reasona!ly low price4 *hey must cooperate and support the su!divisionCs waste management programs@ &=4 Selected 1G5s that may help increase the capacity of people or community groups in understanding waste issues and provide important support to informal sector waste wor,ers and enterprises, assisting them to organi3e themselves, to improve their wor,ing conditions and facilities, increase their earnings and e7tend their access to essential social services such as health care and schooling for children@ -=4 Selected 2ocal government leaders that are generally responsi!le for the provision of solid waste collection and disposal services, for the provision of the entire range of infrastructure and social services, for esta!lishing the institutional and legal

framewor, for S;M and ensuring that local officials have the

22

necessary authority, powers and capacities4 Responsi!ility for waste management is usually specified !y laws and regulations4 )=4 Private sector enterprises that may act as potential service suppliers4 5perating in various forms of partnership with the pu!lic sector, they may provide capital, management and organi3ational capacity, la!or and9or technical s,ills@ :=4 07ternal support agencies have ac#uired considera!le e7pertise in the area of waste management4 +esides, they can financially support waste management pro$ects4

Researc

E":!r)"'e"(

*his study will !e conducted in an e7isting relatively low to middle class su!division specifically the SINTOS SUBDIVISION, having an area of (A hectares, located at an ur!an +arangay, >illa Lananga, +utuan ity, study due to it !eing ad$acent to DONNA

LUCIA HOMES SUBDIVISION PROJECT (DLHSP) , a low8cost housing pro$ect of the researcher himself, which is ready for implementation4 More so, the character and attitude of the

e7isting homeowners association, the openness of the +arangay ouncil for a PPP8"SSS;M program implementation and the current environmental situation would easily #ualify the community

23

as a representative su!division to attain the purposes and o!$ectives of the research study4 Researc *he I"s(r#'e"( researcher will employ researcher made survey in

#uestionnaires

and interview

schedules to !e distri!uted

communities surrounding the Sintos Su!division Area primarily to assess their living conditions and their interaction with the su!division development specifically for employment4 A detailed study of the performance of the Material Recovery Facilities, if any, and its employment and resource recovery potential is also to !e done4 A Survey of the facilities in the +arangay and the su!division regarding secondary mar,ets, waste pic,ers and the recycling facilities is also, to !e conducted4 *he Researcher shall also !e involved in supporting the research and documentation needs of the eGo Waste program, !y ways of Photo %ocumentation, ;ritten documentation of all programs as reports of events and day to day activities and Media documentation4 "n order to address the solid waste pro!lem, the researcher shall introduce in this study, an integrated research focusing on four topics?

24

"4

Su!division

solid

waste

<SS;=

characteri3ation

and

data

collection involving the development of a comprehensive survey on the generation and composition of SS; ""4 Assessment of the recycling rate of recycla!le materials in S; which are useful to the society4 *hree clusters are studied? a=4 Muantifying how much plastics <P0* and H%P0= can !e recovered=4 !=4 Muantifying how much organic waste can !e composted c=4 Muantifying the energy generated from waste

"""4

omposting e7periment4 *o study the technical applica!ility of

composting the organic part of SS; as a waste management option ">4 %eveloping a framewor, for integrated su!division solid waste management <!ased on findings of the study=4

25

Researc

Pr)ce&#re

Da(a Ga( er!", I" ( !s area+ &escr!$e ); ;!%% 9)# c)"&#c( ( e s(#&9

a"& ,a( er ( e &a(a**s(e6 $9 s(e6 A letter as,ing permission to conduct the study will !e sent to the 888884 ;hen approved, survey #uestionnaire and interview schedules will !e prepared !y the researcher and have it validated !y a content e7pert and pre tested prior to distri!ution to #ualified respondentsNN pls4 continue

26

DEFINITION OF TERMS For the purpose of the study, the following terms are defined operationally? Arrange the terms defined alpha!etically %efine the terms as to how you use it in this study %efine terms from the *"*20, PR5+20M S*A*0M01* and SUR>0E MU0S*"511A"R0 eGO Was(e refers to the P#$%!c Pr!:a(e Par("ers !6I"(e,ra(e& S#s(a!"a$%e S#$&!:!s!)" S)%!& Was(e

Ma"a,e'e"( (PPP-ISSSWM) Program which the researcher intends to implement and sustain in all su!division pro$ects nationwide through legislation if this study proves the program to !e effective and community friendly4 *he eGO Was(e C)"ce6(

refers to a waste management system that !est suits the su!division, society, economy and environment in a given location4 S#$&!:!s!)" refers to a community !uilt and developed !y a duly registered and licensed Su!division %eveloper4 H)#s!",>S#$&!:!s!)" De:e%)6er refers to any natural or $uridical person engaged in the !usiness of developing su!division pro$ects for his own account and offering them for sale or lease4

27

S#$&!:!s!)" S)%!& Was(e Ma"a,e'e"( (SSWM) refers to the collection, transfer, treatment, recycling, resource recovery, and disposal of solid waste generated in areas within a su!division whether ur!an or rural4 SS;M is a ma$or responsi!ility of local government and a comple7 service involving appropriate

organi3ational, technical, and managerial capacity and cooperation !etween numerous sta,eholders in !oth the private and pu!lic sectors4 S#$&!:!s!)" S)%!& Was(e (SSW) refers to wastes arising from domestic, commercial, industrial, and institutional activities in an area within a rural or ur!an su!division4 S)c!a% Assess'e"( (SA) is an instrument that ena!les a Su!division %eveloper 9 Homeowners Association to e7amine sustaina!ility of the eGO Was(e Program and to incorporate measures to enhance the pro$ectCs sustaina!ility4 S)c!a% A"a%9s!s is underta,en to determine the suita!ility of programs or pro$ects proposed for financing4 Social analysis ena!les the proponent to assess whether the proposed program or operation is li,ely to meet its social development o!$ectives and to recommend measures to help meet them4 Social analysis uses five Fentry pointsG or dimensions of in#uiry including? social diversity

28

and

gender,

institutions,

rules

and

!ehavior,

sta,eholders,

participation, and social ris,4 C)''#"!(9 Par(!c!6a(!)" in SS;M refers to a range of activities that mem!ers of a !eneficiary community can do to assist in planning and9or implementing a solid waste management pro$ect4 I"(e,ra(e& S#s(a!"a$%e can !e descri!ed as that which is appropriate to the local conditions from a technical, environmental, social, economic, financial, institutional, and political perspective, and capa!le to maintain itself over time without e7hausting the resources it needs4 S)c!a% I'6ac( M)"!()r!", refers to the S;M investments often are $ustified on the !asis of their meeting peopleCs needs@ improving the living conditions of poorer communities and the wor,ing conditions of waste management wor,ers@ and improving incomes !y encouraging re8 use, waste reduction, and recycling4 ;hen !aseline data are not availa!le during pro$ect preparation, they can !e included among the first steps of a monitoring and evaluation framewor, to !e esta!lished for the pro$ect4 Par(!c!6a()r9 M)"!()r!", a"& E:a%#a(!)" is a

colla!orative process that involves sta,eholders at different levels

29

wor,ing together to assess a pro$ect or policy, and ta,e any corrective action re#uired4 S(a?e )%&ers include the various organi3ations, groups and individuals who have an interest or a sta,e in the pro$ect4 Par(!c!6a(!)" refers the e7tent to which sta,eholders can influence development !y contri!uting to the pro$ect design, influencing pu!lic choices, and holding pu!lic institutions

accounta!le for the goods and services they are !ound to provide4 "t is a process that involves participation of !eneficiaries in pro$ect design and implementation as well as participation in the

opportunities created !y the pro$ect4 Participation also includes analysis of strategies for involving sta,eholders, designing a plan to meet the costs of sta,eholder participation, as well as managing the e7pectations and providing timely feed!ac, and follow8up of participants4 Was(e Ge"era(!)" is primarily a function of peopleOs consumption patterns and thus is !ased on their socioeconomic characteristics4 Par(!c!6a()r9 S)%!& Was(e Ma"a,e'e"( is an approach that see,s to ma,e the !est use resources availa!le within the

30

community with organi3ation4

support

from

government

or any 1G5

or

Pr)6)se& I'6%e'e"(a(!)" is the e7pected output of the study !ased on the findings generated from the data gathered4

31

BIBLIOGRAPH/ L0RA2A R0S0AR H Programme 5n 25 A2 20>02 %0>025PM01* 01*R0 F5R %0>025PM01* S*U%"0S, *H"RU>A1A1*HAPURAM, Pero ;aste Lovalam And 0mployment 5pportunities, Sridharr I Shi!u,nair, *hanal onservation Action And "nformation 1etwor,, August &'') Household ;aste ollection, Factors and >ariations, 2isa %ahlQn, 2uleR University of *echnology, %epartment of ivil, Mining and 0nvironmental 0ngineering %ivision of ;aste Science and *echnology Participatory Action Research on P5PS Pesticides in a Philippine Rural ommunity R0S"S*, Pesticide Action 1etwor, Philippines, Philippines, April &''A

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APPENDI@ A TRANSMITTAL LETTER FOR THE - - -

33

APPENDI@ B SURVE/ AUESTIONNAIRE

34

APPENDI@ C BUDGET SUMMAR/ ITEMS 1. Supplies? <+ondpapers, folder, !oo,, !allpens, etc4= 2. ost of Services computeri3ation and print out photocopy *ransportation 5thers Ring!inding drawing COST (P P) (,'''4'' .''4'' :)'4'' (:''4'' :''4'' ):'4'' TOTAL Prepared !y? PhP ),A6'4''

RODRIGO B* MALLONGA Researcher

35

APPENDI@ D TIME TABLE

P ase )8 ( e Researc Pr)cess 7* C)"ce6(#a% P ase ACTIVIT/ Formulating the research pro!lem Formulating the research title Formulating the main and specific pro!lems Reviewing the related literature "dentifying varia!les and formulating hypothesis %etermining the following? a4 research design to !e employed Preparing for paper presentation <using audio J visual aids through Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation=4 ollating and ta!ulating the o!tained data Analy3ing the data "nterpreting the findings 9 results 0diting of the final paper <grammar, format and technicalities= Su!mission of final copy for oral defense Preparing for paper presentation <using audio J visual aids through Microsoft PowerPoint presentation= Revising the final paper Su!mission of Final manuscript !oo, !ound 8 ( copy for college 8 ( copy for li!rary 8 ( copy for adviser DATE APR"2, APR"2, APR"2, APR"2, &'(' &'(' &'(' &'('

.* Des!," a"& P%a""!", P ase

MAE, &'(' MAE, &'('8 BU2E, &'(' MAE, &'(' MAE, &'('

3. 4.

E'6!r!ca% P ase A"a%9(!c P ase

ORAL DEFENSE STAGE

MAE, &'(' MAE, &'(' MAE &/, &'('

AFTER ORAL DEFENSE STAGE

BU108S0P*, &'(' 5 *, &'('

36

5.

D!sse'!"a(!)" P ase

0mploying techni#ues to communicate utili3e research findings

5 *, &'('

37

CURRICULUM VITAE

38

RODRIGO BEGOC BANGO/ MALLONGA '-6 *4 alo 07t4, +utuan ity /A'' telefa7 no4 <'/:= -)(8&A6)@ mo!ile no4, <A-= 6&'86/&8):(& Da(e )8 B!r( ? August '), (6:& C!:!% S(a(#s ? Married S6)#se ? 1ormita Aala Guerra Mallonga Fa( er ? 1ar3al +usa Mallonga M)( er ? Ramona Saavedra +angoy C !%&re" ? Roderic, %ominic, &A@ RB 0gon, &-@ Raluci %onna, (6@ R1 Angelo, (A EDUCATIONAL BAC=GROUND: Ter(!ar9 ? Bac e%)r )8 Sc!e"ce !" C!:!% E",!"eer!", (BSCE) University of Mindanao, %avao ity May (6.. Bac e%)r )8 La;s (LLB) Father Saturnino Urios University <FSUU=, +utuan ity, March &''&

Gra&#a(e ? Mas(er !" B#s!"ess A&'!"!s(ra(!)" (MBA) Father Saturnino Urios University <FSUU=, +utuan ity , March (6// T es!s: A Feasibility Study on a Prototype Low Cost Housing project in Butuan City for Low and Middle nco!e House"olds #$% Ha&'(!en)il *uerra Subdi)ision+, implemented and managed !y Proponent himself E@AMINATIONS PASSED: ivil 0ngineering 2icensure 07am, May (6./

39

ivil Service Professional 07am, Bune (6./ Real 0state +ro,ers 2icensure 07am, May (66. Real 0state Appraiser 2icensure 07am, 1ov &'') 0nvironmental Planner 2icensure 07am, Bune &'': R0 onsultant 2icensure 07am, %ec &''. <(st Placer= RELEVANT WOR= E@PERIENCE &'': J Present 0"A 51SU2*A1* 9 01>"R51M01*A2 P2A110R ASS5 "A*0 01>"R51M01* PR5F0SS"51A2 20A% 51SU2*A1*, MA2251GA 51SU2*"1G S0R>" 0S (666 J Present FR002A1 0 51SU2*A1* Real 0state 9 0ngineering 9 0nvi Planning and Management hairmanship <%01R80M+ 5rgani3ed 0"A *echnical Review ommittee= a=4 Gold and opper Processing Plant, Santa Ana *u!ay, Agusan del 1orte !=4 Materials Recovery Facility <MRF=, %inagat "slands Province (66. 88 (66/ (66A J (66. (66- J (66/ Pogram %irector, SB"* Grad School, +utuan ity %ean, SB"*, ollege of 0ngineering and Architecture, +utuan ity PR5B0 * MA1AG0R 9 PAR* 5;10R, 0menvil Guerra Su!division Pro$ect, Am!ago, +utuan ity <-' hectares 2ow ost Housing Su!division= G010RA2 01G"100R"1G 9 G010RA2 +U"2%"1G 51*RA *5R Magat "nfrastructure onstruction and Supply, Proprietor9General Manager S01"5R ">"2 01G"100R, onstruction Section, %P;H Agusan del 1orte 0ngineering %istrict, +utuan ity 01G"100R"1G PR5F0SS5R, Father Saturnino Urios University <FSUU=, +utuan ity

(66' J (66&

(6./ J (6/6

(6./ 88(6//

40

OTHER AUALIFICATIONS %01R Accredited Pollution ontrol 5fficer, 5AS '.& , (66. %01R Accredited 0nvironmental "mpact Statement <0"S= Preparer, Associate 0nvironment Professional, 0"A ert4 S (-8''6, %ec (A, (66. Accredited onsultant, Philippine 1ational Ur!an Sewerage and Sanitation IFeasi!ility Studies Pro$ect, ;orld +an, Sponsored Management onsultant, 0menvil %evelopment orporation 0nvironmental onsultant "nstitute of 0nvironmental Management and Assessment <"0MA= Accredited 0nvironmental Management System <"S5 ()''(?&'')= 2ead Auditor Reviewer, R0+ 07aminations,

PRESENT POSITIONS: Founding President9+oard hairman, PAR0+8+utuan Realtors +oard "nc4 <+Re+"= %irector, Pro 5%0 Phils, "nc4 Principal 9 2ead onsultant, Mallonga onsulting Services Regional Representative, 0astern Mindanao, "PR0A President and 05, e8Glo!al 5rder orporation >ice President for Mindanao, PAR0+, "nc4 %irector, Philippine "nstitute of ivil 0ngineers <P" 0=, +utuan Agusan hapter 07ec4 >ice President, +utuan ity ham!er of ommerce and "ndustry Fndtn4 "nc4 %irector, araga " * ongress, +utuan ity PAST POSITIONS: %ean, ollege of 0ngineering and Architecture, SB"* Program %irector, SB"* Graduate School Regional hairman, +LL, Region T, agayan %e 5ro ity 0ngineering Professor, Urios ollege of 0ngineering, (6./8(6// President, onstructorCs 2eague of Agusan and +utuan < 2A+= President, Urios ollege Alumni Association (66&

41

Senior ivil 0ngineer, %P;H, Agusan %el 1orte, (6./8(6/6 Mem!er, Regional Advisory +oard, P UP +ranch Manager, 04+4 >illarosa I Partner o4 2td4, (66-8(66/ +ranch Manager, ountrywide Shelters "nc4 Grand hancellor, Alpha Phi 5mega, UM %avao ity Proprietor9General Manager J Magat "nfrastructure onstruction I Supply +ranch Manager, A2L01* onstruction Provincial 07ecutive 5fficer, Provincial ;ater +rigade Program, %2G % General Manager, Ma3awa 5ils >ice President, Mindanao Signal Seven orporation Managing %irector, Mee,lam! Resources, "nc4 Sales %irector, Uraya 2and %evelopment, "nc48+utuan Garden Memorial 0state AFFILIATIONS: Mem!er, ;ater 0nvironment Association of the Philippines <;0AP= Mem!er, Philippine "nstitute of 0nvironmental Planners <P"0P %irector, Philippine "nstitute of ivil 0ngineers, "nc4<P" 0= Mem!er, Rotary lu! of +utuan Mem!er, Free and Accepted Masons of the Philippines <FIAM= >ice President for Mindanao, Philippine Association of Real 0state +oards <PAR0+= Mem!er, "nstitute of Philippine Real 0state Appraisers <"PR0A= Mem!er, +utuan ham!er of ommerce and "ndustry <+ "F"= Mem!er, Professionals for ommunity %efense <Pro 5%0 Phils4 "nc4= Mem!er, Alpha Phi 5mega "nternational Fraternity <AP5= Mem!er, +utuan Glo!al Forum <+GF= %irector, S5M"1 hapter of "PR0A, %avao ity

SEMINARS D TRAININGS ATTENDED: Fiel o! T"ai#i#$ % H"s& Co# '(te 1ational +uilding ode <P% ('6A= :' MP;*

)*

42

Soil Mechanics, 0arth#ua,e Analysis I Hydrology &: P" 0 onstruction I Maint4 of Shallow ;ells -' 1;R ;ater Supply %evt *raining ;or,shop )' +;S 1ational +rigade 5fficers *raining )' M2G % Prep of Feasi!ility Study I %esign of Rural ;ater Supply Pro$ects -' +;S 9 R;% Matls 0ngg I Muality ontrol ourse (A' MP;H9M%S 0ffective Uses of P> pipes for ;ell "nstallation And 2ine %istri!ution && MP;H9PM5R;S onstruction of Modular Ferro8 ement oncrete ;ater *an,s /' U1" 0F9;H5 5peration of ;ater Muality Analysis Lit &) PM5R;S Social Pro$ect "mplementation ourse 9 RSP%*P &)' R% 910%A 9U1" 0F Aerial Photograph %erived Maps, 2ow ost Survey, R;SSP90S" Structural >alue Survey, 0valuation of Alternative -& 1BS9+*M Service 2evels I Financial Pro$ections -& 0%F +asic omputer Programming ourse 6' U Supervisory %evelopment Seminar, Sept ((8(-,(6/: &) MP;H Master *rainorCs *raining (&' FR;SSP90S" 0%F 0ntrepreneurial I 0nterprise %ev4 (A PSA9M*" Groundwater Hydrology /' FR;SSP90S" +*M Standardi3ation I Muality ontrol of onst Materials (A PSA9M*"

onsultation ;or,shop on 2ow8"ncome Housing, Apo >iew Hotel, %avao ity, %ec &', (66(

&)

USA"% 0R%0F

43

>alue 0ngg in onst, Buly ()8(:, (66) 5rientation Seminar, 0nvi Rules I Regltn P 5 Accreditation Seminar 0nvironmental Monitoring Fund, Sept4 '-, (66. Symposium on 53one %epleting Su!stances, 1ov4 (-, (66. 5rientation Update on 0nvironmental 2aws Air and ;ater Sampling *echni#ues and ompliance Monitoring, Aug4 -8), (66/ General 2aw Practice "nstitute onsultation Meeting P% 6:. and +P &&', 5ct (., &''' apa!ility8+uilding ourse on 0nvironmental Planning Meeting the hallenges of Planning for %isaster Ris, Reduction, %ec &8-, &'': Glo!al ;arming? Responding to Protect ;ater and the 0nvironment '.9&A8&.9&''. %avao ity P 5 5rientation9Seminar on 0nvironmental 2aws '/9(A9&''. "0MA Approved Advanced 0nvi4 Mgt Sys Auditors ourse <"ndia= 0MS as per "S58()''(?&''), Bune &''/ Mindanao Mining onsultative Forum Sept (/8(6, &''/

(A (A (A / / (A

P" 0 %01R %01R %01R %01R %01R

(A %01R (A UP 2A; 01*0R / )/ (A H2UR+ P"0P8MM%A P"0P

(A /

;0AP %01R90M+

)' (A

""8"* M+ 9%01R