Normal Arterial Blood Gas Values

pH 7.35-7.45 PaCO2 35-45 mm Hg PaO2 75-100 mm Hg HCO3 22-26 mEq/L O2 Saturation 95-99% BE +/- 1

pH Respiratory Acidosis Acute Partly Compensated Compensated Respiratory Alkalosis Acute Partly Compensated Compensated Metabolic Acidosis Acute Partly Compensated Compensated Metabolic Alkalosis Acute Partly Compensated Compensated > 7.45 > 7.45 Normal < 7.35 < 7.35 Normal < 7.35 < 7.35 Normal

PaCO2

HCO3

Causes

Intervention

Not releasing enough CO2, too much carbonic acid in Administer O2, provide hydration, HOB body, up, suction if needed. Hypoventilation (asphyxia, respiratory depression, CNS depression)

> 45 > 45 > 45

Normal > 26 > 26

Releasing too much CO2, Hyperventilation, Anxiety Calm anxious person, breath slowly, monitor ABG's and electrolyte levels

> 7.45 > 7.45 Normal

< 35 < 35 < 35

Normal < 22 < 22

Causes are severe diarrhea, starvation, shock, diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, salicylate overdose Initiate IV fluid replacementas ordered, assess for signs and symptoms of hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, alkalosis, monitor ABG's & urine pH

Normal < 35 < 35

< 22 < 22 < 22

Initiate parenteral fluids as ordered, assess hepatic function, Causes are severe vomiting, diuretic therapy, potassium deficit, excess monitor ABG's, urine, pH, and BUN gastric suctioning , overdose of an alkaline substance, hypercalcemia

Normal > 45 > 45

> 26 > 26 > 26