An Introduction to BIODIVERSITY (Species Diversity: Microbe, Plant & Animal).

By: HAIRUL HAFIZ MAHSOL Institut Biologi Tropika & Pemuliharaan, UMS hairul_hafiz@oum.edu.my / hairulfiz@hotmail.com

Which do you like better?

Which do you like better?

Which do you like better?

Which do you like better?

Which do you like better?

Which do you like better?

Which do you like better?

What do you think biodiversity means?

Biodiversity
What does Bio mean?

Bio =

Biodiversity
What does Diversity mean?

Diversity = Variety

Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth and the essential interdependence of all living things

Scientists have identified more than 2 million species. Tens of millions -- remain unknown

The tremendous variety of life on Earth is made possible by complex interactions among all living things including microscopic species like algae and mites.

INTRODUCTION
From multicolored coral reefs to moss-draped forests, variety is the spice of life.

Variety in the biosphere gives us more than interesting things to look at. Our well-being is closely tied to the well-being of a great number of other organisms, including many that are neither majestic nor beautiful to our eyes.

The Value of Biodiversity

Why is biodiversity important? Biodiversitys benefits to society include contributions to medicine and agriculture, and the provision of ecosystem goods and services. Biological diversity, or biodiversity, is the total of all the genetically based variation in all organisms in the biosphere. What kinds of biodiversity exist, and what value do they offer society?

STUDY SITE Types of Biodiversity

Biodiversity exists on three levels: ecosystem diversity, species diversity, and genetic diversity. Ecosystem diversity refers to the variety of habitats, communities, and ecological processes in the biosphere.

Types of Biodiversity
The number of different species in the biosphere, or in a particular area, is called species diversity.
To date, biologists have identified and named more than 1.8 million species, and they estimate that at least 30 million more are yet be discovered.

Genetic diversity can refer to the sum total of all different forms of genetic information carried by a particular species, or by all organisms on Earth.
Within each species, genetic diversity refers to the total of all different forms of genes present in that species.

What is BioD?

Valuing Biodiversity
Biodiversity is one of Earths greatest natural resources. When biodiversity is lost, significant value to the biosphere and to humanity may be lost along with it. Biodiversitys benefits to society include contributions to medicine and agriculture, and the provision of ecosystem goods and services.

BioD Video

SYSTEMATICS, TAXONOMY & CLASSIFICATION

Systematics is a branch of science to classify organisms. It relates diversity of organisms to their phylogeny or evolutionary relationship. Taxonomy is the science of naming, describing and classifying organisms. Classification is the arrangement of organisms into groups based on their similarities.

Study of Life Classification

2006-2007

What variety! What similarity!

Diversity of Life
there are so many different creatures on Earth
why are there differences?

Unity of life
all creatures have similarities
common characteristics why are they so alike?

Organizing the world of organsims

The Tree of Life
organize creatures by structure & function
how they are built how they live

organize them into groups of closely related creatures See 17.4: Domain & Kingdom

Eukaryote

Classification 6 Kingdom system

Prokaryotes
No separate organelles in their cells Bacteria Archaebacteria
Prokaryote

Eukaryotes
Separate organelles in their cells Protists Plants Fungi Animals

Bacteria & Archaebacteria

Prokaryotes

Kingdom Bacteria

Kingdom Archaebacteria
Eukaryotes

Kingdom Protist

Kingdom Fungi

Kingdom Plant

Kingdom Animal

Classification

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species

Organizing systems

Making sense out of the differences

Eastern gray squirrel

Sciurus carolinensis

Species Diversity in detail

Animal diversity Plant diversity Microbial diversity

http://www.nre.gov.my/Malay/Biodiversiti/Pages/biodiversiti2.aspx

http://sainsk6.wordpress.com/about/

Acknowledgement

Universiti Malaysia Sabah Sabah Wildlife Reserves Sabah Parks Kota Kinabalu City Council Acarology Unit, IMR Website..

TERIMA KASIH