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Special Precaution: May increase frequency of petit mal seizures. I.V. form may cause
hypotension, , skin necrosis at IV site. Avoid IV administration in small veins.
Use with caution in patients with porphyria. Discontinue if rash or
lymphadenopathy occurs. Use with caution in patients with hepatic dysfunction,
sinus bradycardia, S-A block, A-V block, or hepatic impairment. Elderly may
have reduced hepatic clearance and low albumin levels, which will increase the
free fraction of phenytoin in the serum and increase drug response
Pregnancy risk category D
Adverse Effects: If you experience any of the following serious side effects, stop taking
phenytoin and seek emergency medical attention or contact your doctor
immediately: an allergic reaction (difficulty breathing; closing of the throat;
swelling of the lips, tongue, or face; or hives), hallucinations, slurred speech or
staggering walk, a rash, changes in vision, agitation, low blood pressure, slow or
irregular heartbeats, abdominal pain, dark urine, light colored stools, or jaundice
(continuation Dilantin)
(yellow skin or eyes), easy bruising or bleeding or swollen or tender gums.
nausea, vomiting, constipation, or diarrhea, mild dizziness or drowsiness, tender
or swollen glands, swollen or painful gums, headache, muscle twitches,
increased facial hair, swelling of breasts, or insomnia.
Contraindication: Hypersensitivity to phenytoin, other hydantoins, or any component;
heart block; sinus bradycardia
Form: capsule, tablet( precision released, time released)
Nursing Responsibilities: Obtain data relating to the six cardinal signs of cardiovascular
disease to be used as a baseline for subsequent evaluation of response therapy.
Record date relating to any GI symptoms present before initiation of therapy.
Assess and record data relating to the patient’s mental status ( e.g. orientation,
agitation, confusion).