Chapter 3 Maintenance In order to maintain the functions of port and harbor facilities at a satisfacto ry service level and to prevent

deterioration in the safety of such facilities, comprehensive maintenance includ ing inspections, evaluations, repairs, etc. shall be carried out, in line with the specific chara cteristics of the port or harbor in question. [Commentary] (1) Maintenance refers to a system consisting of a series of linked activities inv olving the efficient detection of changes in the state of serviceability of the facilities and the execution of ef fective measures such as rational evaluation, repair, and reinforcement. (2) Port and harbor facilities must generally remain in service for long periods of time, during which the functions demanded of the facilities must be maintained. It is thus essential not only to give due consideration when initially designing the structures in question, but also to carry out proper mai ntenance after the facilities have been put into service. (3) A whole variety of data concerning maintenance (specifically, inspections, c hecks, evaluations, repair, reinforcement work, etc.) must be recorded and stored in a standard format. Main tenance data kept in good systematic order is the basic information necessary for carrying out appropriate evaluation of the level of soundness of the facilities in question, and executing their maintenance and rep airs. At the same time the maintenace data is useful when taking measures against the deterioration of the facilities as a whole and when investigating the possibility in the life cycle cost reduction of the facilities . (4) When designing a structure, it is necessary to give due consideration to the system of future maintenance and to select the types of structures and the materials used so that future maintenance will be easily executed, while reflecting this aspect in the detailed design. [Technical Notes] (1) The concepts of the terms relating to maintenance are as follows: (2) With regard to the procedure for maintenance, it is a good idea to draw up a maintenance plan for each structure while considering factors like the structural form, the tendency to deteriorate and the degree of importance, and then to implement maintenance work based on this plan. (3) For basic and common matters concerning maintenance, refer to the Manual for Maintenance and Repair of Port and Harbor Structures . Chapter 1 General In designing port and harbor facilities, the design conditions shall be chosen f rom the items listed below by taking into consideration the natural, service and construction conditions, the characteristics of materials, the environmental impacts, and the social requirements for the facilities. (1) Ship dimensions (2) External forces produced by ships (3) Winds and wind pressure (4) Waves and wave force (5) Tide and extraordinary sea levels (6) Currents and current force

(7) External forces acting on floating structures and their motions (8) Estuarine hydraulics and littoral drift (9) Subsoil (10) Earthquakes and seismic force (11) Liquefaction (12) Earth pressure and water pressure (13) Deadweight and surcharge (14) Coefficient of friction (15) Other necessary design conditions