REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES FOURTH JUDICIAL REGION REGIONAL TRIAL COURT Branch 40, Calapan City

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff, - vers s RUSTO) SI)BULAN, ET AL# A'' se%( *$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$* Criminal Ca ! N"# CR$0%$&'(' F!r" # lti$le # r%er & # lti$le Fr strate% # r%er

)OTION TO +UASH,RECALL -ARRANT OF ARREST An. )OTION TO /IS)ISS THE CASE

A'' se% Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr(, ,) '! nsels, t! t-is H!n!ra,le C! rt, res$e'tf ll) states" T-at .

PREFATOR0 The Constitutional duty of the Court in criminal litigations is not only to acquit the innocent after trial but to insulate, from the start, the innocent from unfounded charges. For the Court is aware of the strains of a criminal accusation and the stresses of litigation which should not be suffered by the clearly innocent. The filing of an unfounded criminal information in court exposes the innocent to severe distress especially when the crime is not bailable. Even an acquittal of the innocent will not fully bleach the dark and deep stains left by a baseless accusation for reputation once tarnished remains tarnished for a long length of time. The expense to establish innocence may also be prohibitive and can be more punishing especially to the poor and the powerless. nnocence ought to be enough and the business of the Court is to shield the innocent from senseless suits right from the start.!

Dissentin+ O$ini!n, J sti'e Renat! P n!( "oberts, #r. v. Court of $ppeals , /01 SCRA 234, #ar'- 0, 5667(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

-HO IS ATT0# RE)IGIO /# SAL/ERO, 1R#2

5(

ATT8( RE#IGIO D( SALADERO, JR( is a %e%i'ate%, $r!*inent an% 9ell re'!+ni:e% la,!r an% - *an ri+-ts la9)er( He is ' rrentl) t-e '-ief le+al '! nsel !f t-e $r!+ressive la,!r *!ve*ent ;il san+ #a)! Un! <;#U=( He is als! t-e '-air*an !f t-e Pr!-La,!r Le+al Assistan'e Center <PLACE=, a la9 fir* 9-i'- $rin'i$all) ren%ers le+al servi'es t! t-e $!!r an% !$$resse% 9!r>ers an% far* 9!r>ers, '!n% 'ts $arale+al se*inars !n 9!r>ers? ri+-ts an% 9elfare, an% en+a+es in a%v!'a') an% l!,,) 9!r> f!r t-e $r!*!ti!n !f 9!r>ers? ri+-ts( As a la,!r la9)er, Att)( Sala%er! -as e@ten%e% le+al servi'es t! t-e la,!r Nestle-Ca, )a!, #!ntere), S-!e ni!ns at San #i+ el C!r$!rati!n, #art, P-ili$s Ele'tr!ni's, D!le

P-ili$$ines, PNB, Ha'ien%a L isita, A: 'arera %e Tarla', ABS-CBN, Le+en% H!tel-S ,i', 8!>!-a*a Tires, R!,ina Far*s-Ri:al, LRT, RF#, S9ifts, C!s*!s B!ttlin+ an% S l$i'i! Lines, t! na*e a fe9( He -an%les several - n%re%s !f la,!r 'ases inv!lvin+ t-! san%s !f e*$l!)ees(

/(

He is als! a *e*,er !f t-e Nati!nal Uni!n !f Pe!$les? La9)ers <NUPL=, a nati!n9i%e v!l ntar) ass!'iati!n !f - *an ri+-ts la9)ers in t-e P-ili$$ines, '!**itte% t! t-e %efense, $r!te'ti!n an% $r!*!ti!n !f - *an ri+-ts, es$e'iall) !f t-e $!!r an% t-e !$$resse%(

3.

Att)( Sala%er!, Jr( 9as a%*itte% t! t-e P-ili$$ine Bar in 56A0, +arnerin+ a +eneral avera+e !f AA(60B / 9-i'- lan%e% -i* !n t-e 54 t- $la'e( Ri+-t after -is a%*issi!n t! t-e Bar, -e 9!r>e% as Assistant Att!rne) at t-e Del R!sari! an% Del R!sari! La9 Offi'es in #a>ati Cit) ntil 56A7( Fr!*

A '!$) !f t-e Certifi'ati!n t! t-is effe't fr!* t-e Offi'e !f t-e Bar C!nfi%ant %ate% #ar'- /, 5660 is -eret! atta'-e% as Ann!* 34#5(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

t-ere, -e entere% t-e P ,li' Att!rne)?s Offi'e <PAO=-De$art*ent !f J sti'e, Anti$!l! Distri't as P ,li' Att!rne) II fr!* 56A4 t! 5663(

4.

T-e Offi'e !f t-e Bar C!nfi%ant -as 'ertifie% t-at -e is a la9)er in +!!% stan%in+, 9it-! t a $en%in+ 'ase a+ainst -i* ,ef!re t-e sai% !ffi'e as !f O't!,er /4, /33A(2 He -as als! '!*$lie% 9it- t-e reC ire% #an%at!r) C!ntin in+ Le+al E% 'ati!n <#CLE=, 9it- C!*$lian'e N!( II-3353204 iss e% !n A + st 50, /33A(1

5.

He als! -!l%s -is !9n la9 !ffi'e at 556 Cir' *ferential R!a%, San Isi%r!, Anti$!l! Cit), Ri:al0( Sai% La9 Offi'e is % l) re+istere% 9it- t-e

De$art*ent !f Tra%e an% In% str)7 an% is li'ense% t! !$erate ,) t-e Offi'e !f t-e Cit) #a)!r !f Anti$!l! Cit), Ri:al4(

7(

Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr( t!!> -is Ba'-el!r !f Arts-#aD!r in P!liti'al S'ien'e at t-e #in%ana! State Universit) <#SU=, #ara9i Cit) an% +ra% ate% cum lau'e !n A$ril 4, 5646 . He !,taine% -is Ba'-el!r !f La9s in San Be%a C!lle+e !n A$ril 57, 56A2( He -as a Di$l!*a in In% strial Relati!ns <A$ril 56A4=, #aster in In% strial Relati!ns <O't!,er 56A6=, an% #aster !f P ,li' A%*inistrati!n <A$ril 5660= fr!* t-e Universit) !f t-e P-ili$$ines <Dili*an=(

4(

Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr( 9as a9ar%e% !n N!ve*,er 56, /330 ,) t-e UP In% strial Relati!ns Al *ni Ass!'iati!n t-e atatan(in( Alumni f!r

A '!$) !f t-e Certifi'ati!n fr!* t-e Offi'e !f t-e Bar C!nfi%ant %ate% O't!,er /4, /33A is -eret! atta'-e% as Ann!* 3(#5( 4 A '!$) !f -is #CLE Certifi'ate !f C!*$lian'e iss e% !n A + st 50, /33A is -eret! atta'-e% as Ann!* 36#5( 5 C!$ies !f $-!t!s !f -is la9 !ffi'e in -is resi%en'e are -eret! atta'-e% as Ann!*! 345 an% 34$4#5( 6 A '!$) !f t-e DTI Certifi'ate !f B siness Na*e Re+istrati!n iss e% !n J l) /4, /334 is -eret! atta'-e% as Ann!* 3'#5 7 A '!$) !f t-e #a)!r?s $er*it %ate% O't!,er A, /334 is -eret! atta'-e% as Ann!* 3%#5(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

La,!r Lea%ers-i$ an% A%v!'a') f!r -is '!n'ern in t-e e*$!9er*ent !f la,!r 9-i'- e@ten%s t! t-e s-a$in+ !f $ ,li' !$ini!n !n t-e la,!r se't!r(

A(

Att)( Sala%er!, Jr( is a *e*,er !f t-e Inte+rate% Bar !f t-e P-ili$$ines <IBP=-Anti$!l! Cit) C-a$ter, #!ve*ent !f Att!rne)?s f!r Br!t-er-!!%, Nati!nalis* an% Inte+rit), In'( <#ABINI=, Free Le+al Assistan'e Gr! $ <FLAG=, )e* )eonum +raternitas <a fraternit) in San Be%a C!lle+e !f La9=, an% Ba)an # na Part)-List in Ri:al <as '-air*an, /335-/331=( He 9as a f!r*er $r!fess!r at t-e D!*ini'an C!lle+e an% L)'e * C!lle+e !f La9( Fr!* /332 t! t-e $resent, -e 9rites a '!l *n %ealin+ e@'l sivel) !n la,!r iss es an% 'ases at Pino, Wee-l, on!line, a $r!+ressive 9ee>l) $ ,li'ati!n(

CIRUS)TANCES OF HIS ARREST

6(

At ar! n% /"23 P(#( !n O't!,er /2, /33A, 9-ile Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sal%er!, Jr( 9as al!ne an% %raftin+ s!*e $lea%in+s at -is !ffi'eEresi%en'e at 556 Cir' *ferential R!a%, San Isi%r!, Anti$!l! Cit), Ri:al, -e -ear% s!*e,!%) >n!'>in+ at t-e +ate(

53(

He initiall) i+n!re% t-e >n!'>in+s as -e 9as n!t e@$e'tin+ an) a$$!int*ent f!r t-at aftern!!n, , t 9-en t-e >n!'>in+s $ersiste%, -e %e'i%e% t! '-e'> 9-! it 9as(

55(

At t-e +ate, Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr( n!ti'e% a frail-l!!>in+ *an in 'ivilian 'l!t-es, a,! t /3 t! 23 )ears !l%( F-en t-e *an t!l% -i* -e 9as l!!>in+ f!r GAtt)( Sala%er!H, -e let t-e *an in(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

5/(

On'e insi%e, t-e *an t!l% Att)( Sala%er! a,! t -is alle+e% ,r!t-er 9-! is $ r$!rte%l) '-ar+e% 9it- a %r +-relate% !ffense( Att)( Sala%er! a%vise% -i* t-at if t-e !ffense is ,aila,le, -is ,r!t-er *a) $!st ,ailI !t-er9ise, -e '! l% file a $etiti!n f!r ,ail( All t-e 9-ile, Att)( Sala%er! -a% n!ti'e% t-at t-e *an >e$t !n +lan'in+ ar! n%, as if '-e'>in+ if -e -a% '!*$ani!ns(

52(

T-en t-e *an t!l% Att)( Sala%er! t-at t-e %!' *ents !n t-e 'ase 9as in -is *!t!r ,i>e 9-i'- 9as alle+e%l) $ar>e% ! tsi%e, an% as>e% $er*issi!n t! +et t-e*(

51(

#in tes later, t-e *an 'a*e ,a'> 9it- t9! !t-er *en in 'ivilian 'l!t-es( One !f t-e* s %%enl) a$$r!a'-e% Att)( Sala%er! an% as>e% -i* G;a)! si Att)( Sala%er!JH T-en -e s-!9e% *e a %!' *ent 9-ile sa)in+ G*+a $ lis >a*i, *a) 9arrant >a)!, * lti$le * r%er an% * lti$le fr strate% * r%er sa RTC Cala$an(H

50(

Att)( Sala%er! trie% t! rea% t-e %!' *ent , t t-e *an i**e%iatel) 9it-%re9 it( At a +lan'e, -!9ever, Att)( Sala%er! '! l% rea% t-at it 9as a 9arrant f!r t-e arrest !f !ne GRE#EGIO SALADERO K ;A PATRIC;,H iss e% !n O't!,er 7, /33A ,) J %+e T!*as Le)nes(

57(

F-en Att)( Sala%er! insiste% t-at t-e arrestin+ !ffi'ers *a%e a *ista>e in arrestin+ -i*, t-e *an ,ar>e% at -i*, GS *a*a >a)! nan+ *aa)!s $ara 9alan+ *an+)arin+ *asa*a(H

54(

T-ere $!n, Att)( Sala%er! t!!> ! t -is 'ell lar $-!ne t! 'all -is 9ife , t t-e *an '!nfis'ate% it( An!t-er %re9 -is + n an% t!l% -i* t! >ee$ C iet( An% t-e !t-er, 9-! $reten%e% t! -ave a ,r!t-er '-ar+e% 9it- a %r +relate% !ffense, -an%' ffe% Att)( Sala%er!(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

5A(

Des$ite Att)( Sala%er!?s $leas t! all!9 -i* t! 'all -is 9ife, t-e *en ref se%, $ lle% -i* ! t !f -is -! se an% f!r'e% -i* int! a tinte% van(

56(

T9! !t-er *en in 'ivilian 'l!t-es, 9-! -a% ,een $!siti!ne% at t-e +ate !f t-e '!*$! n%, als! 9ent insi%e -is -! se an% t!!> 9it- t-e* Att)( Sala%er!?s la$t!$(

/3(

It 9as !nl) later t-at Att)( Sala%er! learne% -e 9as arreste% ,) t-e '!*,ine% f!r'es !f t-e RIID 1A, PIB, Ri:al PPO 15A t- PP#G, an% t-at t-e 'entral $r!'essin+ nit <CPU= !f -is '!*$ ter, $lea%in+s, Dail) Calen%ar !f A'tivities f!r t-e )ear /33A '!ntainin+ -is s'-e% le% -earin+s an% !t-er $r!fessi!nal '!**it*ents 9ere als! sei:e% ,) t-e arrestin+ tea*(

/5(

Insi%e t-e van, Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr( 9as *a%e t! sit !n t-e ,a'>seat san%9i'-e% ,et9een t9! !f -is 'a$t!rs 9-! 9ere ar*e% 9itl!n+ firear*s( T-e *an seate% ,esi%e t-e %river 9as als! ar*e%(

//(

F-en t-e van $asse% ,) t-e Anti$!l! P!li'e Stati!n, Att)( Sala%er! reC este% t-at t-e) %r!$ ,), -!$in+ t-at s!*e $!li'e*en in t-e stati!n 9! l% re'!+ni:e -i*( B t -is 'a$t!rs i+n!re% -is reC est(

/2(

Att)( Sala%er!?s 'a$t!rs ,e+an interr!+atin+ -i* insi%e t-e van, as>in+ -i* several ! tlan%is- C esti!ns s '- as -!9 *an) ti*es -e -a% +!ne $ t-e *! ntains an% -is '!%e na*e( He e@$laine% t! t-e* t-at t-e)

$r!,a,l) +!t t-e 9r!n+ *an( He als! as>e% t-e* if -e '! l% 'all -is la9)ers an% if -e '! l% +et ,a'> -is 'ell lar $-!ne( B t -is 'a$t!rs t!l% -i* t-at -e 9! l% ,e all!9e% t! *a>e -is 'alls later( starte% t! ta>e -is $i't re, sin+ t-eir !9n 'ell lar $-!nes( T-e *en t-en

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

/1(

T-e van t-en st!$$e% at t-e Ri:al P!li'e Pr!vin'ial Offi'e in Hillt!$, Ta)ta), Ri:al( T-e ar*e% *en %ise*,ar>e% f!r a 9-ile an% t!!> $i't res !f Att)( Sala%er!(

/0(

F-en t-e ar*e% *en +!t ,a'> insi%e t-e van, t-e) t!l% Att)( Sala%er! t-at t-e) are +!in+ t! t-e PNP Re+i!nal Offi'e at Canl ,an+( re*aine% in -an%' ffs t-r! +-! t t-e tri$( He

/7(

At ar! n% 0"33 P(#(, Att)( Sala%er! 9as ,r! +-t t! Ca*$ Li'ente Li* in Canl ,an+, La+ na 9-ere -e 9as a+ain $-!t!+ra$-e% an% -is fin+er$rints 9ere ta>en( T-ereafter, -e 9as s ,De'te% t! a %etaile%

interr!+ati!n( His ans9ers 9ere all ta>en %!9n ,) t-e interr!+at!r( At t-is $!int, Att)( Sala%er! a+ain reC este% t-at -e ,e all!9e% t! 'all -is 9ife !r -is la9)ers, , t t-e interr!+at!r i+n!re% -is reC est(

/4(

Att)( Sala%er! 9as *a%e t! ans9er $r)in+ C esti!ns ran+in+ fr!* t-e na*es !f -is $arents, -is 9ife?s an% t-!se !f -is relatives( He 9as even as>e% a,! t -is *e*,ers-i$ in !r+ani:ati!ns, -is $!siti!ns t-erein an% -is tas>s( He t!l% -is interr!+at!r t-at -is tas>s %i% n!t in'l %e lea%in+ !r D!inin+ t-e ar*e% str ++le a+ainst t-e +!vern*ent, an% t-at all -is a'ti!ns 9ere all le+al an% in a''!r%an'e 9it- la9(

/A(

F-en as>e% a,! t -is inv!lve*ent 9it- ;#U, Att)( Sala%er! t!l% -is interr!+at!r t-at as its '-ief le+al '! nsel, -e ren%ers le+al assistan'e t! 9!r>ers an% ni!ns affiliate% 9it- t-e sai% la,!r 'enter(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

/6(

Att)( Sala%er! 9as li>e9ise as>e% a,! t -is '!*$ani!ns in -is !ffi'e, an% 9-et-er -e -as D!ine% rallies( Att)( Sala%er! e@$laine% t-at -e 9! l% $arti'i$ate in rallies as an e@er'ise !f -is free%!* !f e@$ressi!n(

23(

He 9as als! as>e% a,! t t-e se*inars -e -as $arti'i$ate% in, in'l %in+ its ven es, t-e t!$i's an% t-e $arti'i$ants( He 9as als! as>e% a,! t t-e B;P !r t-e I;P, t! 9-i'- -e ans9ere% t-at -e -a% never $arti'i$ate% in s '- t)$es !f se*inars( D rin+ t-e entire interr!+ati!n, Att)( Sala%er! 9as still -an%' ffe%(

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T-e interr!+ati!n 9as ' t s-!rt !nl) ,) an !r%er sen%in+ Att)( Sala%er! t! t-e $!li'e 'lini' f!r e@a*inati!n after 9-i'- t-e interr!+ati!n res *e%( He re*aine% in -an%' ffs all t-r! +-! t t-ese entire $r!'ess(

2/(

Att)( Sala%er! 9as all!9e% t! *a>e a 'all !nl) at 6"33 P(#( after several -! rs !f interr!+ati!n, an% after al*!st ei+-t <A= -! rs sin'e -e 9as -el% in'!** ni'a%!( T-en -e 9as transferre% t! t-e %etenti!n 'enter 9-ere -e s$ent t-e ni+-t al!ne(

22(

U$!n learnin+ 9-ere Att)( Sala%er! 9as ta>en t!, -is 9ife an% -is '!llea+ e in -is M e:!n Cit) !ffi'e, Att)( N!el Neri, r s-e% t! Ca*$ Li'ente Li*( T-e) 9ere all!9e% t! see an% tal> !nl) ,riefl) 9it- Att)( Sala%er! 9-! 9as a+ain left in s!litar) '!nfine*ent after t-e visit(

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At 7"23 in t-e *!rnin+ !f t-e f!ll!9in+ %a), O't!,er /1, /33A, Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er! Jr( 9as l!a%e% ,) -is $!li'e es'!rts in an n*ar>e% ve-i'le ,earin+ n! li'ense $late, !ver an% a,!ve -is 9ife?s insisten'e an% $lea t-at s-e ,e all!9e% t! a''!*$an) -i* % rin+ t-e travel(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

20(

Att)( Sala%er! 9as ,r! +-t t! Ca*$ Nara*!, Cala$an Cit) 9-ere -e 9as a+ain $-!t!+ra$-e% an% fin+er$rinte%( It 9as !nl) at 2"33 P(#( t-at -e 9as $resente% t! t-e Re+i!nal Trial C! rt !f Cala$an Cit), Bran'- 13 ,ef!re J %+e T!*as Le)nes( It 9as !nl) % rin+ t-at ti*e t-at -e 9as

a,le t! rea% t-e inf!r*ati!n an% sa9 t-at t-e a'' se% 9as !ne GRE#EGIO SALADERO alias ;a Patri'> !f L!s Ban!s, La+ na(H

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Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr( intr!% 'e% -i*self in !$en '! rt t-at -e is an att!rne) an% reC este% t-at -e ,e f rnis-e% 9it- a '!$) !f t-e re'!r%s !f -is 'ase( H!9ever, -e 9as %enie% a''ess t! t-e re'!r%s an% 9as t!l% -e '! l% n!t ,e $r!vi%e% 9it- a '!$) alle+e%l) ,e'a se !f t-e n *,er !f a'' se% an% t-e $!ssi,ilit) !f fli+-t ,) t-e !t-er a'' se% na*e% in t-e inf!r*ati!n(

24(

Als! !n t-at %a), E@e' tive J %+e #an el O( L na, Jr( iss e% a C!**it*ent Or%er 9-i'- s r$rise% Att)( Sala%er! as -e -ear% f!r t-e first ti*e -is na*e '!rre'tl) s$elle% an% $r!n! n'e% in '! rt( T-e

C!**it*ent Or%er %ate% O't!,er /1, /33A n!9 ,ears -is na*e RE#IGIO SALADERO, JR( 8 DA#ANDA#AN, n!t GRE#EGIO

SALADEROH 9-i'- a$$ears in t-e Ga*en%e%H Inf!r*ati!n( B) virt e !f t-e sai% C!**it*ent Or%er, Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr( 9as transfrre% t! t-e Oriental #in%!r! Pr!vin'ial Jail at a,! t 2"23 P(#( !f t-e sa*e %ate, 9-ere -e re*ains %etaine% $ t! t-e $resent(

STATE)ENT OF THE CASE

2A(

On J l) /1, /337 Assistin+ Pr!vin'ial Pr!se' t!r D!rina H( J!)a, 9it- t-e a$$r!val !f Pr!vin'ial Pr!se' t!r J!se$-ine C( Caran:! . Olivar !f

Oriental #in%!r!, file% t-e inf!r*ati!n in t-is 'ase a'' sin+ a 'ertain

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

10

GR st!* Si*, lan K ;a B!,,) K ;a Ba)ani K ;a Silan+ K ;a Art- r an% GJ!-n D!esH !f * lti$le * r%er an% * lti$le fr strate% * r%er( T-e inf!r*ati!n alle+e% t-at t-e a'' se% R st!* Si*, lan !f P ert! Galera, Oriental #in%!r! an% GJ!-n D!esH a*, s-e% a +r! $ !f PNP s!l%iers in ,aran+a) San Isi%r!, P ert! Galera, Oriental #in%!r! in t-e earl) *!rnin+ !f #ar'- 2, /337 res ltin+ in t-e %eat- !f t-ree an% t-e 9! n%in+ !f t9! !t-ers(

26(

T-e inf!r*ati!n liste% si@ 9itnesses an% ten e@-i,its f!r t-e $r!se' ti!n( Neit-er t-e na*e !f Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr( n!r an) !f t-e sevent)t9! a'' se% !t-er t-an R st!* Si*, lan is *enti!ne% in an) !f t-e s $$!rtin+ affi%avits an% e@-i,its !f t-e $r!se' ti!n( Presi%in+ J %+e

T!*as C( Le)nes iss e% a 9arrant !f arrest !nl) a+ainst R st!* Si*, lan( Parent-eti'all), t-e res!l ti!n %ate% J l) /3, /337 !f

investi+atin+ $r!se' t!r D!rina H( J!)a, 9-i'- 9as a$$r!ve% an% si+ne% ,) Pr!vin'ial Pr!se' t!r J!se$-ine C( Caran:!- Olivar, e@$li'itl) sai% t-at t-e J!-n D!es in t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n 9-! 9ere alle+e%l) *e*,ers !f t-e Ne9 Pe!$le?s Ar*) 9ere G ni%entifie%(H T-e $r!se' t!r?s res!l ti!n e@$li'itl) state% t-at t-e Gres!l ti!n is ,ase% s!lel) !n t-e evi%en'e s ,*itte% ,) t-e '!*$lainant(H T-e res!l ti!n sai% t-at !nl) G*!re t-an 50 -eavil) ar*e% *enH -ea%e% ,) Si*, lan sta+e% t-e a*, s-( Fe ta>e n!te !f t-is 'r 'ial fin%in+ !f $r!se' t!r J!)a 9-! '!n% 'te% t-e $reli*inar) investi+ati!n a+ainst R st!* Si*, lan ,e'a se it '!ntra%i'ts an% %estr!)s t-e 're%i,ilit) !f $r!se' ti!n 9itness Lin'ent Silva, t-e !nl) 9itness a+ainst Att)( Sala%er! an% t-e 43 !t-ers 9-! 9ere in'l %e% in t-e Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n file% ,) Pr!se' t!r H *ilit! A( D!l!r 9it-! t '!n% 'tin+ t-e reC isite $reli*inar) investi+ati!n( B!t- 9itness Silva an% Pr!se' t!r D!l!r alle+e% t-at sevent)-t9! <4/= -eavil)-ar*e% *e*,ers !f t-e Ne9 Pe!$le?s Ar*) sta+e% t-e a*, s- . t-e sevent)-t9! 9-! 9ere

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

11

'-ar+e% in t-e Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n in'l %in+ a 'ertain Re*e+i! Sala%er! alias ;a Patri'>, s!*e !f t-e* 9!*en, *an) if n!t *!st !f t-e* are s!'ial a'tivists an% *ass lea%ers !f se't!ral $r!+ressive

!r+ani:ati!ns(

13(

In an !r%er %ate% #a) 4, /334 t-e Presi%in+ D %+e *!t $r!$i! !r%ere% t-at t-e 'ase ,e ar'-ive% G9it-! t $reD %i'e t! its s ,seC ent $r!se' ti!n as s!!n as t-e a'' se% is a$$re-en%e%(H

15(

On Se$te*,er /6, /33A, *!re t-an !ne )ear an% f! r *!nt-s after t-e 'ase 9as ar'-ive%, an!t-er $r!se' t!r, $r!se' t!r H *ilit! A( D!l!r, 9itt-e a$$r!val !f Pr!vin'ial Pr!se' t!r J!se$-ine C( Caran:!-Olivar file% an Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n t-at n!9 in'l %es in a%%iti!n t! R st!* Si*, lan t-e na*e GRe*e+i! Sala%er! a>a G;a Patri'>H an% sevent) !t-ers 9it'!rres$!n%in+ aliases(

1/(

D rin+ t-e s'-e% le% arrai+n*ent !n O't!,er /4, /33A $r!se' t!r D!l!r '!nfir*e% ,) -is !9n a%*issi!n in !$en '! rt t-e %e'isive fa'ts '!ntaine% in t-e re'!r%s 9-i'- are fatal t! t-e $r!se' ti!n?s 'aseI

1/(5

He file% t-e Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n 9it-! t '!n% 'tin+ a $reli*inar) investi+ati!nI

1/(/

t-e sevent)-!ne a%%iti!nal a'' se% 9-! 9ere in'l %e% in t-e Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n 9ere n!t iss e% an) s ,$!ena !r n!tifie% !f t-e filin+ !f an Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n a+ainst t-e*( T-eref!re, t-e) 9ere %enie% t-eir ri+-t t! $resent t-eir %efense t-r! +'! nter-affi%avitsI

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

12

1/(2

n! *!ti!n 9as file% in '! rt t! revive t-e ar'-ive% 'aseI

1/(1

t-e *!ti!n t! a%*it Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n, 9-i'- 9as a$$r!ve% ,) Pr!vin'ial Pr!se' t!r Caran:!-Olivar 9as file% e@ $arte( N!ne !f t-e sevent)-!ne a%%iti!nal a'' se% 9as n!tifie% !r sent '!$) !f t-e #!ti!n( N! -earin+ !n t-e *!ti!n 9as '!n% 'te% ,) t-e '! rtI

1/(0

Pr!se' t!r H *ilit! D!l!r 'ertifie% n%er !at- t-at t-e Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n G9as file% !n t-e ,asis !f t-e affi%avit !f Lin'ent Silva, s$e'ifi'all) na*in+ t-e J!-n D!es in t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n(H

1/(7

In t!tal %isre+ar% !f t-e *eanin+ an% i*$li'ati!n !f t-e $ ,li' $r!se' t!r?s !at- an% 'ertifi'ati!n t! t-e f n%a*ental ri+-ts !f t-e a'' se%, an% ,latantl) '!**ittin+ $erD r), Pr!se' t!r D!l!r, 'ertifie% n%er !at- t-at Ga $reli*inar) investi+ati!n 9as $revi! sl) '!n% 'te% in t-is 'ase an% !n t-e ,asis !f t-e s9!rn state*ents an% !t-er evi%en'es !n re'!r%, t-e n%ersi+ne% <$r!se' t!r D!l!r= f! n% a reas!na,le +r! n% t! ,elieve t-at t-e 'ri*e '!*$laine% !f -as ,een '!**itte% an% t-at t-e res$!n%ents are $r!,a,l) + ilt) t-ere!f=(H Pr!vin'ial Pr!se' t!r Caran:!.Olivar a%*inistere% t-e $erD ri! s !at- an% 'ertifi'ati!n !f Pr!se' t!r D!l!r(

1/(4

Err!ne! sl) inv!>in+ Se'ti!n 51, R le 553 !f t-e R les !n Cri*inal Pr!'e% re, Pr!se' t!r D!l!r insiste% in -is *!ti!n t-at it is Gle+all) $r!$erH t! nilaterall) in'l %e e@ $arte sevent) .!ne inn!'ent

$ers!ns in an Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n f!r t-e 'a$ital !ffense !f * lti$le * r%er an% 'a se t-eir arrest an% in'ar'erati!n 9it-! t ,ail s!lel) !n t-e ,asis !f 'learl) fa,ri'ate% state*ent !f Lin'ent Silva, a 9itness 9-! ,) -is !9n a%*issi!n, is ,ein+ G-an%le%H an%

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

13

n%er *ilitar)E$!li'e ' st!%)( C ri! sl), t-e $ra)er !f t-e *!ti!n t! a%*it Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n *erel) as>e% t-e '! rt t! a%*it t-e sa*e Gt! f!r* $art !f t-e re'!r%s !f t-e instant 'ase(H

12

In an !r%er %ate% O't!,er 2, /33A t-e Presi%in+ D %+e,

tterl)

%isre+ar%in+ t-e ri+-t t! $reli*inar) investi+ati!n an% in seri! s vi!lati!ns !f t-e '!nstit ti!nal ri+-t t! % e $r!'ess !f t-e a'' se%, +rante% t-e *!ti!n t! a%*it Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n(

12(5

In -is !r%er, t-e H!n!ra,le Presi%in+ D %+e sai% Gt-e C! rt -ere,) a%!$ts t-e fin%in+s !f t-e $reli*inar) investi+ati!n '!n% 'te% ,) t-e investi+atin+ !ffi'ers t-at $r!,a,le 'a se e@ists, t-at t-e 'ri*e -a% ,een '!**itte% an% t-at t-e a'' se%, 9-! are !ri+inall) na*e% as J!-n D!es in t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n, *i+-t $r!,a,l) <si'= + ilt) t-ere!f, -en'e t-e C! rt fin%s reas!na,le +r! n%s f!r t-e ne'essit) !f $la'in+ -erein a'' se% n%er i**e%iate ' st!%) in !r%er n!t t! fr strate t-e en%s !f D sti'e( T-e Presi%in+ D %+e iss e% 9arrants !f arrest a+ainst t-e 45 a%%iti!nal a'' se% in'l %in+ a 'ertain GRe*e+i! Sala%er!(H

In s-!rt, t-e H!n!ra,le Presi%in+ J %+e +ave -is i*$ri*at r t! t-e n!ne@istent $reli*inar) investi+ati!n an% Ga%!$te%H t-e fla9e% fin%in+s !f t-e $ ,li' $r!se' t!r t-at t-e J!-n D!es in t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n are t-e sevent)-!ne a'' se% 9-!se na*es 9ere a%%e% ,) t-e Pr!se' t!r D!l!r in t-e Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n(

12(/

Se'ti!n 52 R le 553 !f t-e R les $r!vi%es" GSEC( 52( Duplicit, of the offense( . A '!*$laint !r inf!r*ati!n * st '-ar+e !nl) !ne !ffense, e@'e$t 9-en t-e la9 $res'ri,es a sin+le $ nis-*ent f!r vari! s !ffenses( G

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

14

In '!ntraventi!n !f t-is r le, t-e Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n '-ar+es *!re t-an !ne !ffense( Arti'le 1A !f t-e Revise% Penal C!%e 'ann!t ,e inv!>e% in t-is 'ase ,e'a se t-is is n!t a '!*$le@ 'ri*e(

THE E7I/ENCE FOR THE PROSECUTION

11

A 'aref l st %) !f t-e evi%en'e f!r t-e $r!se' ti!n reveals t-e f!ll!9in+"

11(5

In t-e '!*$laint affi%avits e@e' te% ,) P!li'e Ins$e't!r Fils!n Gani an% PO5 J!se$- Panes !n #ar'- 1, /337 . t-e f!ll!9in+ %a) after t-e in'i%ent . n! *enti!n 9as *a%e !f t-e n *,er, * '- less t-e i%entit), !f an) !f t-e $er$etrat!rs( In $ara+ra$- 50 !f t-eir res$e'tive affi%avits t-e t9! '!*$lainants i%enti'all) sai% t-e) e@e' te% t-eir affi%avits .upan( maipali/ana( an( buon(

pan(,a,ari.0 T9! %a)s later, !r !n #ar'- 7, /337 t-e t9! affiants, in ans9er t! a lea%in+ C esti!n fr!* t-e $!li'e investi+at!r, 'lai* t-e) !ver-ear% % rin+ t-e in'i%ent t-e alias G;a B!,,)H fr!* !ne !f t-e $er$etrat!rs an% '!n'l %e% t-at G;a B!,,)H * st ,e R st!* Si*, lan, ,ase% !n t-eir Or%er !f Battle( B!t- affiants a%%iti!nall) 'lai* t-at t-e n *,er !f $er$etrat!rs is G*!re t-an fifteen G 1mahi(it sa labin( lima2. Clearl), t-is !,vi! s fa,ri'ati!n i%entif)in+ !ne alle+e% $er$etrat!r 9as *a%e t! s $$!rt t-e filin+ !f t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n(

11(/

As t! t-e i%entities !f t-e sevent)-!ne a'' se% 9-!se na*es 9ere a%%e% t! t-e Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n in'l %in+ t-at !f a 'ertain Re*e+i! Sala%er! alias G;a Patri'>H t-e !nl) evi%en'e f!r t-e

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

15

$r!se' ti!n is t-e ,are, ns ,stantiate% an% in-erentl) in're%i,le state*ent !f Lin'ent Silva %ate% A + st 56, /33A an% s9!rn t! ,ef!re N!tar) P ,li' Re) La%a+a !n Se$te*,er /, /33A(

11(2

R le 55/ Se'ti!n 1 !f t-e R les $r!vi%e"

GSEC( 1( Resolution of investi(atin( prosecutor an' its revie/. . If t-e investi+atin+ $r!se' t!r fin%s 'a se t! -!l% t-e res$!n%ent f!r trial, -e s-all $re$are t-e res!l ti!n an% inf!r*ati!n( He s-all 'ertif) n%er !at- in t-e inf!r*ati!n t-at -e, !r as s-!9n ,) t-e re'!r%, an a t-!ri:e% !ffi'er, -as $ers!nall) e@a*ine% t-e '!*$lainant an% -is 9itnessesI t-at t-ere is reas!na,le +r! n% t! ,elieve t-at a 'ri*e -as ,een '!**itte% an% t-at t-e a'' se% is $r!,a,l) + ilt) t-ere!fI t-at t-e a'' se% 9as inf!r*e% !f t-e '!*$laint an% !f t-e evi%en'e s ,*itte% a+ainst -i*I an% t-at -e 9as +iven an !$$!rt nit) t! s ,*it '!ntr!vertin+ evi%en'e( Ot-er9ise, -e s-all re'!**en% t-e %is*issal !f t-e '!*$laint(H

C!ntrar) t! t-is *an%at!r) reC ire*ent, t-e re'!r%s %! n!t s-!9 t-at Lin'ent Silva ever a$$eare% ,ef!re $r!se' t!r D!l!r !r an) !t-er $ ,li' $r!se' t!r( T-e re'!r%s %! n!t s-!9 an) s ffi'ient 'ertifi'ati!n *a%e ,) t-e $ ,li' $r!se' t!r in '!*$lian'e *erel) states" GI HEREB8 CERTIF8 UNDER OATH, t-at a $reli*inar) investi+ati!n 9as $revi! sl) '!n% 'te% in t-is 'ase an% !n t-e ,asis !f t-e s9!rn state*ents an% !t-er evi%en'es !n re'!r%, t-e n%ersi+ne% f! n% a reas!na,le +r! n% t! ,elieve t-at t-e 'ri*e '!*$laine% !f -as ,een '!**itte% an% t-at t-e res$!n%ents are $r!,a,l) + ilt) t-ere!f( I HEREB8 FURTHER CERTIF8 t-at t-is A#ENDED INFOR#ATION 9as file% !n t-e ,asis !f t-e affi%avit !f LINCENT SILLA, s$e'ifi'all) na*in+ t-e JOHN DOE?s in t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n(H T-e s9!rn state*ent !f Lin'ent Silva is a '!nfessi!n( T-e la9 reC ires t-at s '- '!nfessi!n, t! ,e vali% an% a%*issi,le as evi%en'e, * st ,e *a%e 9itt-e assistan'e !f a la9)er freel) '-!sen ,) Silva( On t-e fa'e !f t-e s9!rn 9it- t-is r le( T-e 'ertifi'ati!n

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

16

state*ent, Silva 9as n!t assiste% ,) '! nsel 9-en -e e@e' te% -is '!nfessi!n(

11(1

T-ere is a,s!l tel) n! evi%en'e !f '!ns$ira') t! s $$!rt s 'alle+ati!n in t-e inf!r*ati!n(

11(0

In t-e affi%avit !f Lin'ent Silva, -e %i% n!t sa) t-at Re*e+i! Sala%er! alias G;a Patri'> G9as a $er$etrat!r !r $arti'i$ant in t-e alle+e% , rnin+ !f t-e Gl!,e t!9er !r in t-e alle+e% a*, s- !f t-e PNP s!l%iers( In fa't, 9it- t-e e@'e$ti!n !f Si*, lan, a 'ertain

#i+ el #a+,ata, a 'ertain Jai*e Pa%illa, a 'ertain E%*ar Fernan%e: an% -i*self Silva %i% n!t sa) t-at t-e si@t)-seven !t-ers 9ere $er$etrat!rs !r $arti'i$ants in t-e t9! 'ri*es( He 9as e@$li'it in -is state*ent t-at t-ese si@t) seven <74= a'' se% !nl) -a% >n!9le%+e !r >ne9 !f t-ese in'i%ents( <G ma, -inalaman,H M & A N!s( 37 an% 36=(

11(7

Silva '!nfesse% t-at -e 9as !ne !f t-e $er$etrat!rs an% e@$li'itl) na*e% an% narrate% t-e 'ri*inal a'ts $erf!r*e% ,) f! r !t-ers in t-e t9! in'i%ents( He 9as silent !n t-e si@t)-seven <74= !t-er

a'' se% e@'e$t -is s9ee$in+ state*ent t-at t-e) -a% >n!9le%+e !f t-e in'i%ents( In '!nD n'ti!n 9it- t-e state*ents !f '!*$lainin+ 9itnesses Fils!n Gani an% J!se$- Panes t-at G*!re t-an fifteen -eavil) ar*e% *enH $er$etrate% t-e alle+e% a*, s-, t-e $r!se' ti!n?s t-e!r) an% evi%en'e is seri! sl) fla9e% an% in-erentl) in're%i,le ,e'a se it see>s t! $r!ve t-at t-e rest !f t-e sevent)-t9! a'' se% !t-er t-an t-e G*!re t-an fifteen -eavil) ar*e% *enH 9ere eit-er Gl!!>-! ts,H G!n-l!!>ersH !r >i,it:ers % rin+ t-e a*, s-(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

17

GROUN/S IN SUPPORT OF THE )OTIONS I THE -ARRANT OF ARREST ISSUE/ AGAINST HEREIN ACCUSE/ ATT0# RE)IGIO SALA/ERO 1R# IS 7OI/ AB INITIO#

N" pr!liminary in8! ti9ati"n :a c"n.;ct!. in thi ca ! in !ri"; 8i"lati"n "< th! c"n tit;ti"nal ri9ht t" .;! pr"c! "< acc; !. Atty# Sala.!r", 1r# Th!r!<"r!, th! pr"c!!.in9 ha. in thi ca ! incl;.in9 th! i ;anc! "< th! :arrant "< arr! t i n;ll an. 8"i.# 10 Se'ti!n 5 !f Arti'le III !f t-e 56A4 C!nstit ti!n $r!vi%es, t! 9it" GN! $ers!n s-all ,e %e$rive% !f life, li,ert), !r $r!$ert) 9it-! t % e $r!'ess !f la9 @@@N@@@(H 10(5 F rt-er, Se'ti!n 51<5= !f t-e sa*e arti'le states, t- s" GN! $ers!n s-all ,e -el% t! ans9er f!r a 'ri*inal !ffense 9it-! t % e $r!'ess !f la9(H 17 G<D= e $r!'ess is '!*$rise% !f t9! '!*$!nents -- s ,stantive % e $r!'ess 9-i'- reC ires t-e intrinsi' vali%it) !f t-e la9 in interferin+ 9itt-e ri+-ts !f t-e $ers!n t! -is life, li,ert), !r $r!$ert), an% procedural due process which consists of the two basic rights of notice and hearing, as well as the guarantee of being heard by an impartial and competent tribunal%& 13mphasis supplie'.2'

14

One '!*$!nent !f $r!'e% ral % e $r!'ess is t-e ri+-t t! $reli*inar) investi+ati!n, a $r!'e% re ens-rine% in (ection ), "ule !!* of the "evised "ules of Criminal +rocedure, t! 9it"

(ec. of #ustice v. ,antion, 2// SCRA 573

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

18

GSe'(2( Pr!'e% re(- E@'e$t as $r!vi%e% in se'ti!n 4 -ere!f, n! '!*$laint !r inf!r*ati!n f!r an !ffense '!+ni:a,le ,) t-e Re+i!nal Trial C! rt s-all ,e file% 9it-! t a $reli*inar) investi+ati!n -avin+ ,een first '!n% 'te% in t-e f!ll!9in+ *anner" <a= @@@N( <,= Fit-in ten <53= %a)s after t-e filin+ !f t-e '!*$laint, t-e investi+atin+ !ffi'er s-all eit-er %is*iss t-e sa*e if -e f! n% n! +r! n% t! '!ntin e 9it- t-e inC ir), "r i ;! ;=p"!na t" th! r! p"n.!nt, attachin9 th!r!t" a c"py "< th! c"mplaint, a<<i.a8it an. "th!r ;pp"rtin9 ."c;m!nt # Fit-in ten <53= fr!* re'ei$t t-ere!f, t-e res$!n%ent s-all s ,*it '! nter-affi%avits an% !t-er s $$!rtin+ %!' *ents( He s-all -ave t-e ri+-t t! e@a*ine all !t-er evi%en'e s ,*itte% ,) t-e '!*$laint(H 1A As 'learl) $r!vi%e% ,) t-e a,!ve 'ite% $r!visi!n, t-e investi+atin+ !ffi'er, t-at is t-e $r!se' t!r, * st iss e a s ,$!ena t! t-e res$!n%ent t! a 'ri*inal '!*$laint s-! l% -e fin% +r! n% t! '!ntin e 9it- t-e inC ir)( Hen'e, at t-is earl) sta+e !f t-e $r!'ee%in+, t-e res$!n%ent is alrea%) a''!r%e% t-e ri+-t t! ,e inf!r*e% !f t-e 'ri*inal '!*$laint a+ainst -i*(

16

T-e si+nifi'an'e !f t-e ri+-t t! $reli*inar) investi+ati!n as a >e) '!*$!nent !f an a'' se%?s ri+-t t! % e $r!'ess -as ,een $-el% ,) t-e S $re*e C! rt in a l!n+ line !f 'ases( GT-is $r!'e% re 1in Section 4, Rule 55& of the Rules of Criminal Proce'ure2 is t! ,e !,serve% in !r%er t! ass re t-at a $ers!n n%er+!in+ s '$reli*inar)

investi+ati!n 9ill ,e aff!r%e% % e $r!'essH 6( In a *!re re'ent 'ase, t-e S $re*e C! rt li>e9ise -el%" GA $reli*inar) investi+ati!n is t-e 'r 'ial sieve in t-e 'ri*inal D sti'e s)ste* 9-i'- s$ells f!r an in%ivi% al t-e %ifferen'e ,et9een *!nt-s if n!t )ears !f a+!ni:in+ trial an% $!ssi,l) Dail ter*, !n t-e !ne -an%, an% $ea'e !f *in% an% li,ert), !n t-e !t-er
9

Cru-, #r. vs. +eople, /22 SCRA 126(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

19

-an%(

T- s, 9e -ave '-ara'teri:e% t-e ri+-t t! a $reli*inar)

investi+ati!n as n!t Ga *ere f!r*al !r te'-ni'al ri+-tH , t a Gs ,stantiveH !ne, f!r*in+ $art !f % e $r!'ess in 'ri*inal D sti'e( 53

16(5

N!t !nl) t-at, t-e S $re*e C! rt in t-ese 'ases e*$-asi:e% t-at t-e %enial !f t-e ri+-t t! $reli*inar) investi+ati!n, ,ein+ a >e) '!*$!nent !f t-e a'' se%?s ri+-t t! % e $r!'ess, invali%ates t-e $r!'ee%in+s -a% !n a 'ase(

03

In t-e 'ase !f (ecretary of #ustice v. ,antion55 t-e S $re*e C! rt als! -el%, t! 9it" n a preliminary investigation which is an administrative investigatory proceeding , Section 4, Rule 55& of the Rules of Court (uarantees the respon'ent6s basic 'ue process ri(hts, (rantin( him the ri(ht to be furnishe' a cop, of the complaint, the affi'avits, an' other supportin( 'ocuments, an' the ri(ht to submit counter!affi'avits an' other supportin( 'ocuments /ithin ten 'a,s from receipt thereof. Moreover, the respon'ent shall have the ri(ht to e*amine all other evi'ence submitte' b, the complainant.0 .xx GTrue to the mandate of the due process clause, the basic rights of notice and hearing pervade not only in criminal and civil proceedings, but in administrative proceedings as well. /on0 observance of these rights will invalidate the proceedings. 7n'ivi'uals are entitle' to be notifie' of an, pen'in( case affectin( their interests, an' upon notice, the, ma, claim the ri(ht to appear therein an' present their si'e an' to refute the position of the opposin( parties 1Cru8, Phil. A'ministrative )a/, 599# e'., p. #:2.

10

,adlad vs. (enior (tate +rosecutor 1elasco, et al., G(R( N!s( 54/343-4/I G(R( N!s( 54/341-47' an% G(R( N!( 540352, 35 J ne /334I 2o vs. Court of $ppeals, G(R( N!( 535A24, 55 Fe,r ar) 566/, /37 SCRA 52A( 11 2// SCRA 573,

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

20

05

D rin+ t-e last -earin+ !f t-is 'ase !n /4 O't!,er /33A, t-e $r!se' t!r trie% t! '!*e $ 9it- a la*e e@' se 9-) t-e a'' se% 9as n!t n!tifie% !f an) $r!'ee%in+ re+ar%in+ t-e filin+ !f t-e A*en%e% Inf!r*ati!n an% en%e% $ 9it- a ,latant a%*issi!n t-at Gn! s ,$!ena 9as sent t! t-e $arties $arti' larl) t! t-e a'' se% ,e'a se t-e) -ave file% t-e A*en%e% Inf!r*ati!n !n t-e s!le ,asis !f t-e affi%avit !f Lin'ent Silva na*in+ t-e !t-er a'' se%H <page !3, T(/, *3 4ctober *55& = an% t-e) *erel) '!n'l %e% t-at t-e GJ!-n D!esH *enti!ne% in t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n in'l %e% -erein a'' se% Att)( Sala%er! < ibid.=( fatal( T-is is

05(5

T-e i%entit) !f t-e a'' se% s-! l% al9a)s fin% ,asis in t-e evi%en'e atta'-e% t! t-e '!*$laint, an% t-e se !f t-e a$$ellati!n GJ!-n D!eH s-! l% al9a)s ,e '!nne'te% t! t-is i%entifi'ati!n as set ! t in t-e '!*$laint( T-e GJ!-n D!eH a$$ellati!n s-! l% n!t ,e se% an% a, se% as a s9ee$in+ net ,) $r!se' t!rs an% arrestin+ !ffi'ers t! tar+et D st an) -a$less in%ivi% al(

05(/

T-e $r!se' ti!n 'ann!t si*$l) ass *e t-at Att)( Sala%er! is !ne !f t-e GJ!-n D!e?sH *enti!ne% in t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n 9it-! t vi!latin+ -is ,asi' ri+-t n!t !nl) t! % e $r!'ess, , t als! !f -is ri+-t t! ,e free fr!* an) n9arrante% an% ve@ati! s $r!se' ti!n, as it is n%is$ te% t-at $ t! t-e ti*e t-at a 9arrant !f arrest 9as iss e% a+ainst !ne Re*e+i! Sala%er!, t-e $r!se' ti!n -as a,s!l tel) n! evi%en'e $!intin+ t! -erein a'' se% Att)( Re*i+i! Sala%er!, Jr(

05(2

It is 9ell t! e*$-asi:e t-e stern re*in%er !f t-e S $re*e C! rt in t-e 'ase !f (alonga vs. Cru- +an6o, supra, 9-en it -el%"

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

21

GInfinitel) *!re i*$!rtant t-at '!nventi!nal a%-eren'e t! +eneral r les !f 'ri*inal $r!'e% re is res$e't f!r t-e 'iti:en?s ri+-t t! ,e free n!t !nl) fr!* ar,itrar) arrest an% $ nis-*ent , t als! fr!* n9arrante% an% ve@ati! s $r!se' ti!n( T-e inte+rit) !f a %e*!'rati' s!'iet) is '!rr $te% if a $ers!n is 'arelessl) in'l %e% in t-e trial !f ar! n% f!rt) $ers!ns 9-en !n t-e ver) fa'e !f t-e re'!r% n! evi%en'e lin>in+ -i* t! t-e alle+e% '!ns$ira') e@ists(H 05(1 In li+-t !f t-e 'lear a%*issi!ns !f t-e $ ,li' $r!se' t!r -i*self t-at n! $reli*inar) investi+ati!n 9as '!n% 'te% a+ainst -erein a'' se% Att)( Re*i+i! Sala%er!, Jr(, !ne '!*es t! t-e inevita,le '!n'l si!n t-at Att)( Sala%er!?s ri+-t t! % e $r!'ess -as ,een +ravel), seri! sl), an% *assivel) vi!late%I

05(0

Be'a se !f t-is +rave, seri! s an% *assive vi!lati!n !f t-e a'' se% Att)( Sala%er!?s ri+-t t! % e $r!'ess, t-e $r!'ee%in+s . startin+ fr!* t-e filin+ !f t-e Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n 9-i'- le% t! t-e arrest !f -erein a'' se% Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr(, t-e '!nfis'ati!n !f -is $ers!nal effe'ts, in'l %in+ t-e Or%er '!**ittin+ -i* t! ,e %etaine% at t-e Oriental #in%!r! Pr!vin'ial Jail, are all n ll an% v!i%(

The information, on its face, is a patent nullity. The trial court did not acquire 7urisdiction over the 8multiple% murder and multiple frustrated murder case. Clearly too, the warrant of arrest issued against accused $tty. "emigio 9. (aladero, #r. is null and void 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0/ R le 553, Se'ti!n 52 !f t-e R les !f C! rt e@$li'itl) reC ires t-at a G'!*$laint !r inf!r*ati!n * st '-ar+e !nl) !ne !ffense, e@'e$t 9-en t-e la9 $res'ri,es a sin+le $ nis-*ent f!r vari! s !ffenses(H <un'erscorin( is ours=

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

22

02

T-e r le enD!inin+ t-e '-ar+in+ !f t9! !r *!re !ffenses in an inf!r*ati!n -as f!r its ai* t! +ive t-e %efen%ant t-e ne'essar) >n!9le%+e !f t-e '-ar+e t! ena,le -i* t! $re$are -is %efense( T-e State s-! l% n!t -ea$ $!n t-e %efen%ant t9! !r *!re '-ar+es 9-i'*i+-t '!nf se -i* in -is %efense( < P!"pl! 8 # F!rr!r, G(R( N!( LA604, A$ril /6, 5604=

01

T-is r le is *an%at!r) an% fail re t! '!*$l) 9it- it is fatal t! t-e inf!r*ati!n if s '- %efe't is seas!na,l) raise%( T-e $ r$!se !f t-e r le is t! aff!r% t-e %efen%ant a ne'essar) >n!9le%+e !f t-e '-ar+e s! t-at -e *a) n!t ,e '!nf se% in -is %efense( < +eople vs. Fernande-, G(R( N!( 7/057, #ar'- //, 5663=

00

Even a *ere ' rs!r) rea%in+ !f t-e C esti!ne% a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n 9ill rea%il) s-!9 t-at it '-ar+es t-e se$arate !ffenses !f alle+e% * lti$le * r%er an% * lti$le fr strate% * r%er inv!lvin+ si@ <7= %ifferent in%ivi% al vi'ti*s 9-! are all na*e% in t-e inf!r*ati!n in vi!lati!n !f t-e f n%a*ental r le a+ainst % $li'it) !f !ffenses e*,!%ie% in t-e a,!ve-C !te% Se'ti!n 52 !f R le 553 !f t-e R les !f C! rt(

07

T-e $r!se' ti!n is in effe't '-ar+in+ -erein a'' se%, al!n+ 9it- t-e !t-er a'' se%, 9it- t-ree * r%ers an% t-ree fr strate% * r%ers !f si@ in%ivi% al vi'ti*s na*e% in t-e inf!r*ati!n, in !nl) !ne a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n, in fla+rant %isre+ar% !f t-e a,!ve 'ite% $r!s'ri$ti!n ,) t-e R les(

04

T-is *anifest %isre+ar% an% %eli,erate % *$in+ !f %ifferent !ffenses in !nl) !ne inf!r*ati!n a+ainst t-e -erein a'' se% %es$ite t-e a,!ve-

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

23

'ite% r le ,ein+ t!! ele*entar) 9as 'learl) %esi+ne% t! '!nf se an% -arass -i*(

0A

F!r t-e f!re+!in+ reas!n, 9e res$e'tf ll) s ,*it t-at t-e assaile% inf!r*ati!n in t-e $resent 'ase 9-i'- '-ar+es t-e -erein a'' se% 9it* lti$le * r%erH an% G* lti$le fr strate% * r%erH is a $atent n llit) t-at 'ann!t '!nfer D ris%i'ti!n an% a t-!rit) iss e a vali% 9arrant !f arrest( $!n t-e $resi%in+ D %+e t!

The certification in the 8$mended nformation% is defective, in violation of the requirements under (ection :, "ule !!*. 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0 06 Se'ti!n 1 !f R le 55/ !f t-e R les !f Cri*inal Pr!'e% re $r!vi%es" Se'ti!n 1( Resolution of investi(atin( prosecutor an' its revie/. . If t-e investi+atin+ $r!se' t!r fin%s 'a se t! -!l% res$!n%ent f!r trial, -e s-all $re$are t-e res!l ti!n an% inf!r*ati!n( H! hall c!rti<y ;n.!r "ath in th! in<"rmati"n that h!, "r a h":n =y th! r!c"r., an a;th"ri>!. "<<ic!r, ha p!r "nally !*amin!. th! c"mplainant an. hi :itn! ! ? that th!r! i r!a "na=l! 9r";n. t" =!li!8! that a crim! ha =!!n c"mmitt!. an. that th! acc; !. i pr"=a=ly 9;ilty th!r!"<? that th! acc; !. :a in<"rm!. "< th! c"mplaint an. "< th! !8i.!nc! ;=mitt!. a9ain t him? an. that h! :a 9i8!n an "pp"rt;nity t" ;=mit c"ntr"8!rtin9 !8i.!nc!# @ @ @ 13mphasis is ours.2 73 T-is r le e@$li'itl) reC ires t-at if t-e investi+atin+ $r!se' t!r fin%s $r!,a,le 'a se t! -!l% t-e res$!n%ent f!r trial, -e s-all 'ertif) n%er !at- in t-e inf!r*ati!n"

<a=

t-at -e, !r as s-!9n ,) t-e re'!r%, an a t-!ri:e% !ffi'er -as $ers!nall) e@a*ine% t-e '!*$lainant an% -is 9itnessesI

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

24

<,=

t-at t-ere is reas!na,le +r! n% t! ,elieve t-at a 'ri*e -as ,een '!**itte% an% t-at t-e a'' se% is $r!,a,l) + ilt) t-ere!fI

<'=

t-at t-e a'' se% 9as inf!r*e% !f t-e '!*$laint an% !f t-e evi%en'e s ,*itte% a+ainst -i*I an%

<%=

t-at -e 9as +iven an !$$!rt nit) t! s ,*it '!ntr!vertin+ evi%en'e(

75

C!ntrar) t! t-ese *an%at!r) reC ire*ents, t-e 'ertifi'ati!n !f Pr!se' t!r H *ilit! A( D!l!r in t-e GA*en%e% Inf!r*ati!n G *erel) states" GI HEREB8 CERTIF8 UNDER OATH, <t-at= a $reli*inar) investi+ati!n 9as $revi! sl) '!n% 'te% in t-is 'ase an% !n t-e ,asis !f t-e s9!rn state*ents an% !t-er evi%en'es !n re'!r%, t-e n%ersi+ne% f! n% a reas!na,le +r! n% t! ,elieve t-at t-e 'ri*e '!*$laine% !f -as ,een '!**itte% an% t-at t-e res$!n%ents are $r!,a,l) + ilt) t-ere!f( I HEREB8 FURTHER CERTIF8 t-at t-is A#ENDED INFOR#ATION 9as file% !n t-e ,asis !f t-e affi%avit !f LINCENT SILLA, s$e'ifi'all) na*in+ t-e JOHN DOE?S <si'= in t-e !ri+inal Inf!r*ati!n(H

7/

T-is 'ertifi'ati!n ,) Pr!se' t!r D!l!r falls s-!rt !f t-e $lain reC ire*ents !f Se'ti!n 1, R le 55/ ,e'a se" <a= it %i% n!t 'ertif) n%er !at- t-at sai% $r!se' t!r as investi+atin+ $r!se' t!r, ,) -i*self !r as s-!9n ,) t-e re'!r%, an a t-!ri:e% !ffi'er, -as $ers!nall) e@a*ine% t-e '!*$lainant an% -is 9itnessesI <,= neit-er 9ere t-e a%%iti!nal a'' se%, in'l %in+ -erein a'' se%-*!vant Att)( Sala%er!, inf!r*e% !f t-e '!*$laint an% t-e evi%en'e s ,*itte% a+ainst t-e*I an% <'= n!r 9ere sai% a%%iti!nal a'' se%, in'l %in+ a'' se%-*!vant Att)( Sala%er!, +iven t-e !$$!rt nit) t! s ,*it '!ntr!vertin+ evi%en'e(

72

A$$arentl), t-e fail re !f Pr!se' t!r D!l!r t! '!*$l) 9it- t-e reC ire*ents !f Se'ti!n 1, R le 55/ 9as n!t a *ere !versi+-t( It 9as

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

25

,e'a se -e '! l% n!t -ave *a%e s '- a 'ertifi'ati!n t! '!*$l) 9itt-e r le 9it-! t ren%erin+ -i*self lia,le f!r $erD r)( 72(5 Pr!se' t!r D!l!r %i% n!t $ers!nall) e@a*ine t-e '!*$lainants, $!li'e !ffi'ers, an% t-eir 9itnesses, es$e'iall) Lin'ent Silva 9-! na*e% an% i%entifie% t-e J!-n D!es in t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n( As ,!rne ! t ,) t-e re'!r%s, Pr!se' t!r D!l!r never s **!ne% !r reC ire% t-e* t! a$$ear ,ef!re -i*, * '- less -el% !r set a -earin+ f!r $reli*inar) investi+ati!n 9it- res$e't t! t-e a%%iti!nal 45 a'' se%, in'l %in+ a'' se%-*!vant Att)( Sala%er!( He *erel) t!!> as +!s$el tr t- t-e entire testi*!n) !f Lin'ent Silva, 9it-! t %eter*inin+ its vera'it), * '- less its a%*issi,ilit), an% -is 're%i,ilit) as a 9itness(

72(/

Neit-er 9as a'' se%-*!vant Att)( Sala%er! f ll) inf!r*e% !f t-e '!*$laint an% !f t-e evi%en'e s ,*itte% a+ainst -i*( He never re'eive% a s ,$!ena !r an) n!ti'e 9-ats!ever fr!* t-e investi+atin+ $r!se' t!r relative t! t-is 'ase(

72(2

As a'' se%-*!vant Att)( Sala%er! 9as n!t inf!r*e% !f t-e '!*$laint a+ainst -i* at t-e *ini* *, '!nseC entl), -e 9as %e$rive% !f an) !$$!rt nit) t! s ,*it '!ntr!vertin+ evi%en'e(

Th! am!n.!. in<"rmati"n i a pat!nt n;llity <"r th!r! :a n" h!arin9 "n th! m"ti"n t" a.mit Am!n.!. In<"rmati"n an. th!r! :a n" pr!liminary in8! ti9ati"n c"n.;ct!. th!r!"n( $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

26

71

Se'ti!n 51, R le 553 !f t-e Revise% R les !f Cri*inal Pr!'e% re $r!vi%es, t! 9it" 8(EC.!:. Amen'ment or substitution.! A '!*$laint !r inf!r*ati!n *a) ,e a*en%e%, in f!r* !r in s ,stan'e, 9it-! t leave !f '! rt, at an) ti*e ,ef!re t-e a'' se% enters -is $lea( After t-e $lea an% % rin+ t-e trial, a f!r*al a*en%*ent *a) !nl) ,e *a%e 9it- leave !f '! rt an% 9-en it 'an ,e %!ne 9it-! t 'a sin+ $reD %i'e t! t-e ri+-ts !f t-e a'' se%( H!9ever, an) a*en%*ent ,ef!re $lea, 9-i'%!9n+ra%es t-e nat re !f t-e !ffense '-ar+e% in !r e@'l %es an) a'' se% fr!* t-e '!*$laint !r inf!r*ati!n, 'an ,e *a%e !nl) $!n *!ti!n ,) t-e $r!se' t!r, 9it- n!ti'e t! t-e !ffen%e% $art) an% 9it- leave !f '! rt( T-e '! rt s-all state its reas!n in res!lvin+ t-e *!ti!n an% '!$ies !f its !r%er s-all ,e f rnis-e% all $arties, es$e'iall) t-e !ffen%e% $art)(H

70

A 'aref l s'r tin) !f t-e a,!ve-'ite% $r!visi!n n! %! ,t all!9s t-e a*en%*ent !f inf!r*ati!n, in f!r* !r in s ,stan'e at an) ti*e ,ef!re t-e a'' se% enters -is $lea an% even 9it-! t leave !f '! rt( H!9ever, t-e se'!n% $ara+ra$- t-ere!f $r!vi%es t-e e@'e$ti!n, 9-i'- is, a*en%*ent *a) !nl) ,e *a%e ,ef!re $lea $!n *!ti!n !f t-e

$r!se' t!r, 9it- n!ti'e t! t-e !ffen%e% $art) an% 9it- leave !f '! rt 9-en t-e a*en%*ent %!9n+ra%es t-e nat re !f t-e !ffense '-ar+e% !r e@'l %es an) a'' se% fr!* t-e inf!r*ati!n( In t-is 'ase, a*en%*ent * st ,e 9it- leave !f '! rt, *eanin+ t-at t-e *!ti!n * st ,e set f!r -earin+, an% t-e !ffen%e% $art) * st ,e n!tifie% t-ere!f(

77

B) $arit) !f reas!nin+, t-e se'!n% $ara+ra$- s-! l% li>e9ise a$$l) 9-ere t-e a*en%*ent see>s t! in'l %e an a'' se% n!t in'l %e% at all in t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n, s '- as in t-e instant 'ase( If e@'l si!n !f an a'' se% fr!* an inf!r*ati!n reC ires n!ti'e t! t-e !ffen%e% $art), 9it- *!re reas!n s-! l% s '- n!ti'e ,e +iven t! t-e $ers!n s! +-t t! ,e in'l %e% as a'' se% in an a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n, s! t-at -e '! l%

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

27

a%eC atel) $re$are f!r 9-atever le+al re*e%ies -e 'an avail !f n%er e@istin+ la9s( An% s '- n!ti'e 9ill !nl) ,e effe'tive if t-e *!ti!n t! a%*it a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n is set f!r -earin+(

74

In t-e instant 'ase, Att)( Sala%er! 9as n!t n!tifie% at all !f t-e sai% a*en%*ent, as t-e *!ti!n !f t-e $r!se' t!r 9as n!t set f!r -earin+( An% t-e D %+e $erf n't!ril) +rante% t-e *!ti!n 9it-! t a -earin+, 9-i'- s-! l% -ave ,een '!n% 'te%, in vi!lati!n !f -is ri+-t t! % e $r!'ess(

7A

In t-e 'ase !f $lmeda v. 1illalu-,5/ it 9as -el%, t! 9it" GT-e $r!'e% re ta>en ,) t-e res$!n%ent fis'al an% all!9e% ,) t-e res$!n%ent D %+e in t-e a*en%*ent !f t-e inf!r*ati!n %!es n!t, -!9ever, *erit ! r a$$r!,ati!n( Un%er se'ti!n / !f R le 50 !f t-e R les !f C! rt, Oall *!ti!ns s-all ,e *a%e in 9ritin+ e@'e$t *!ti!ns f!r '!ntin an'e *a%e in t-e $resen'e !f t-e a%verse $art), !r t-!se *a%e in t-e '! rse !f a -earin+ !r trial(O A *!ti!n t! a*en% t-e inf!r*ati!n, after t-e a'' se% -as $lea%e% t-eret!, is 'ertainl) !ne t-at s-! l% ,e $la'e% in 9ritin+ an% $r!$erl) set f!r -earin+( Fe are l!at- t! +ive ! r i*$ri*at r t! t-e >in% !f s-!rt' t %evise% ,) t-e res$!n%ents, es$e'iall) as it relates t! an alterati!n in t-e inf!r*ati!n( C!nsi%erin+, -!9ever, t-at t-e $etiti!ner 9as n!t %e$rive% !f -is %a) in '! rt an% 9as in fa't +iven a%van'e 9arnin+ !f t-e $r!$!se% a*en%*ent, alt-! +- !rall), 9e refrain fr!* %ist r,in+ t-e sai% a*en%*ent(5

76

An% in 9e $sis v. "omero,52 t-e S $re*e C! rt -el%" GT-e $etiti!ner, -!9ever, stresses t-at it is t-e intenti!n !f t-e res$!n%ent fis'al t! a*en% t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n in '!nne'ti!n 9it- 9-i'- t-e C esti!ne% 9arrant !f arrest 9as iss e%( B t, even if t-is intenti!n !f t-e fis'al is '!n'e%e%, it is n!t '!ntr!verte% t-at -e file% in t-e '! rt a ;uo, as t-e R les !f C! rt reC ire, a *!ti!n t! effe't ate t-e a*en%*ent %esire% ,e $resent, !ral testi*!n) an% !t-er evi%en'e 9ill ,e a%%( Nat rall), t-ere 9ill ,e a -earin+ !n t-is *!ti!n, an% in t-e '! rse !f s '- $r!'ee%in+, in 9-i't-e $etiti!ner De Asis 9ill 'e% '!n'ernin+ t-e fa't !f %eat-

12 13

77 SCRA 2A 15 SCRA /20

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

28

an% i%entit) !f t-e alle+e% >i%na$$e% vi'ti* an% !t-er relate% 'ir' *stan'es( T-e -earin+ !n t-e sai% *!ti!n, in ! r !$ini!n, serves an% f lfills t-e essential $ r$!se an% reC ire*ents !f a f ll-,l!9n $reli*inar) investi+ati!n f!r t-e alle+e% 'ri*e !f * r%er inten%e% t! ,e a%%e% t! t-e !ri+inal ,asi' '-ar+e !f >i%na$$in+ as an ine@tri'a,le $art t-ere!f( T- s, if t-e '! rt a C ! fin%s an% is '!nvin'e% at t-e -earin+ !n t-e *!ti!n t! a*en% t-e inf!r*ati!n, t-at t-ere is $ri*a fa'ie evi%en'e !f * r%er in%is$ensa,l) '!nne'te% 9it- t-e alle+e% >i%na$$in+, t-en it is , t nat ral, na), l!+i'al, t! e@$e't t-at it 9ill +rant t-e sai% *!ti!n( In s '- event, it is 'learl) 9is-f l t-in>in+ an% an navailin+ te'-ni'alit) t! reC ire t-e '! rt a C ! t! !r%er t-e release !f t-e $etiti!ner De Asis an% t-en <!r t-en an% t-ere= iss e an!t-er 9arrant f!r -is arrest( U$!n t-e !t-er -an%, if t-e sai% '! rt ,elieves t-at t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n s-! l% stan% as it is, t-en f!r t-e *!re reas!n t-at t-e $etiti!ner s-! l% n!t ,e !r%ere% release%(H 1<n'erscorin( supplie'2

43

As 'an ,e i*$lie% fr!* t-e a,!ve r lin+ !f t-e S $re*e C! rt, a $reli*inar) investi+ati!n * st ,e -a% first ,ef!re t-e fis'al '! l% $r!$erl) file a *!ti!n t! a*en% t-e inf!r*ati!n( B t even 9it-! t s '$reli*inar) investi+ati!n, if t-e *!ti!n 9as set f!r -earin+, t-e -earin+ 9ill serve an% f lfill t-e essential $ r$!se an% reC ire*ents !f a f ll,l!9n $reli*inar) investi+ati!n( B t in t-e instant 'ase, neit-er $reli*inar) investi+ati!n n!r -earin+ !n t-e *!ti!n t! a*en% 9as '!n% 'te%, in vi!lati!n !f Att)( Sala%er!?s ri+-t t! % e $r!'ess( Clearl), t-eref!re, t-e a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n is a $atent n llit) an% '! l% n!t serve as vali% ,asis f!r t-e iss an'e !f t-e 9arrant !f arrest(

The +residing #udge erred in ordering motu propio the revival of the archived case without any motion to that effect filed by the prosecutor.

45

In an !r%er %ate% #a) 4, /334, t-e Presi%in+ J %+e *!t

$r!$i!

!r%ere% t-at t-e instant 'ase ,e ar'-ive% G9it-! t $reD %i'e t! its s ,seC ent $r!se' ti!n as s!!n as t-e a'' se% is a$$re-en%e%(H

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

29

4/

On Se$te*,er /6, /33A, *!re t-an !ne )ear an% f! r *!nt-s after t-e 'ase 9as ar'-ive%, an!t-er $r!se' t!r, $r!se' t!r H *ilit! A( D!l!r, 9it- t-e a$$r!val !f Pr!vin'ial Pr!se' t!r J!se$-ine C( Caran:!Olivar file% an Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n t-at n!9 in'l %es in a%%iti!n t! R st!* Si*, lan t-e na*e GRe*e+i! Sala%er! a>a G;a Patri'>H an% sevent) !t-ers 9it- '!rres$!n%in+ aliases(

42

D rin+ t-e s'-e% le% arrai+n*ent !n O't!,er /4, /33A, $r!se' t!r D!l!r a%*itte% in !$en '! rt, a*!n+ !t-ers, t-at n! *!ti!n t! revive t-e af!resai% ar'-ive% 'ase 9as file% in '! rt( H!9ever, %es$ite t-e fa't t-at t-ere 9as n! *!ti!n file% t! revive t-e 'ase, t-e Presi%in+ J %+e revise% t-e 'ase ,) a%*ittin+ t-e e@ $arte Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n file% ,) t-e $ ,li' $r!se' t!r(

41

#!re!ver, $er sin+ fr!* t-e !r%er !f t-e Presi%in+ J %+e %ate% #a) 4, /334, it is e@$li'itl) state% t-at t-e 'ase ,e ar'-ive% G9it-! t $reD %i'e t! its s ,seC ent $r!se' ti!n as s!!n as t-e a'' se% is

a$$re-en%e%(H Fr!* t-is e@$li'it state*ent, it is a$$arent t-at t-e a'' se% ,ein+ referre% t-erein 9as n! !t-er t-an R st!* Si*, lan inas* '- as all t-e !t-er a'' se% -ave n!t )et ,een s ffi'ientl) i%entifie% ,) $r!se' ti!n 9itnesses in t-e sai% !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n(

40

T-e *!ti!n t! a%*it a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n file% ,) t-e $r!se' t!r is n!t a>in t! a *!ti!n t! revive t-e 'ase as t-ere 9as n! alle+ati!n !r $ra)er in t-e sa% *!ti!n $ra)in+ f!r t-e revival !f t-e ar'-ive% 'ase( #!re i*$!rtantl), t-ere is )et n! reas!n t! revive t-e 'ase % e t! t-e fa't t-at t-e a'' se% na*e% t-erein, i(e( R st!* Si*, lan, -as n!t )et ,een arreste%(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

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47

It is 9ell t! stress t-at a *!ti!n t! revive an ar'-ive% 'ase is a liti+ate% *!ti!n 9-i'-, n%er t-e r les, * st ,e set f!r -earin+ s! t-at t-e

'!n'erne% $arties es$e'iall) t-e a'' se% 9ill ,e +iven t-e !$$!rt nit) t! $resent -is si%e an% !$$!se t-e sai% *!ti!n(

44

T-e Presi%in+ J %+e t-eref!re erre% ,latantl) in revivin+ t-e 'ase an% in a%*ittin+ t-e Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n 9it-! t ta>in+ int!

'!nsi%erati!n t-e r les as 9ell as t-e ri+-t !f t-e a'' se% t! % e $r!'ess( $mong the accused named in the 8$mended nformation% is 8"E;E2 4 ($,$9E"4,% whereas the person arrested is $TT<. "E; 2 4 9. ($,$9E"4, #".% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $

4A

In t-e s9!rn state*ent !f $r!se' ti!n 9itness Lin'ent Silva, -e in'l %e% as a*!n+ t-e a'' se% a 'ertain GRE#EGIO SALADERO K ;A PATRIC; L!s BaP!s, La+ na(H Havin+ *a%e t-e s!le ,asis !f t-e $r!se' ti!n in filin+ t-e GA*en%e% Inf!r*ati!n,H t-e sa*e na*e a$$ears as !ne !f t-e a'' se% in t-e sai% HA*en%e% Inf!r*ati!n(H

46

F-ile t-e na*e a$$earin+ in t-e Farrant !f Arrest %ate% O't!,er 7, /33A is f!r a 'ertain RE#EGIO SALADERO a>a ;A PATRIC;, t-e $ers!n nla9f ll) arreste% !n O't!,er /2, /33A in -is resi%en'e at 556 Cir' *ferential R!a%, Br+)( San Isi%r!, Anti$!l! Cit) is a la9)er, RE#IGIO SALADERO, JR( ) DA#ANDA#AN(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

31

A3

In fa't, t-e C!**it*ent Or%er iss e% ,) E@e' tive J %+e #an el C( L na, Jr( !n O't!,er /1, /33A states t-at t-e a'' se% arreste% is RE#IGIO SALADERO, JR( ) DA#ANDA#AN(

A5

T-e !,vi! s %ifferen'e ,et9een GRE#EGIO SALADERO !f L!s BaP!s, La+ naH an% RE#IGIO SALADERO, JR( ) DA#ANDA#AN !f 556 Cir' *ferential R!a%, San Isi%r!, Anti$!l! Cit), n%! ,te%l)

ren%ers t-e in%i't*ent a+ainst a'' se% Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr(, as fatall) %efe'tive an% s ,De't t! ! tri+-t %is*issal es$e'iall) '!nsi%erin+ t-at -e -as nne'essaril) s ffere% a %e$rivati!n !f -is

li,ert) ,e'a se !f t-is ine@' sa,le ,l n%er !f t-e $r!se' ti!n( Th! :arrant "< arr! t i 8"i. a= initi" a th! H"n"ra=l! Pr! i.in9 @;.9! .i. n"t maA! a p!r "nal .!t!rminati"n "< pr"=a=l! ca; ! =;t in t!a. m!r!ly 3a."pt!. th! <in.in9 "< th! pr!liminary in8! ti9ati"n c"n.;ct!. =y th! in8! ti9atin9 "<<ic!r 5# $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $

A/

In -is Or%er %ate% 32 O't!,er /33A, t-e H!n!ra,le Presi%in+ D %+e sai%" Gt-e '! rt -ere,) a%!$ts t-e fin%in+ !f t-e $reli*inar) investi+ati!n '!n% 'te% ,) t-e investi+atin+ !ffi'ers t-at $r!,a,le 'a se e@ists, t-at t-e 'ri*e -a% ,een '!**itte% an% t-at t-e a'' se%, 9-! are !ri+inall) na*e% as J!-n D!es in t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n, *i+-t $r!,a,l) + ilt) t-ere!f, -en'e t-e '! rt fin%s reas!na,le +r! n%s f!r t-e ne'essit) !f $la'in+ -erein a'' se% n%er i**e%iate ' st!%) in !r%er n!t t! fr strate t-e en%s !f D sti'e(H T-e Presi%in+ D %+e, in vie9 !f t-e sai% Gfin%in+sH, i**e%iatel) iss e% t-e assaile% 9arrant !f arrest(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

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A2

At t-e ! tset, it * st ,e re*e*,ere% t-at $er a%*issi!n !f t-e $r!se' t!r 9-! file% t-e inf!r*ati!n, t-ere 9as n! $reli*inar) investi+ati!n n!r an) $r!'ee%in+s '!n% 'te% in relati!n t! t-e a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n file%, in 9-i'- t-e na*e !f -erein a'' sse%*!vant 9as '!nvenientl) inserte%(

A1

B) s '- !r%er, t-e Presi%in+ D %+e +ave -is i*$ri*at r t! t-e n!e@istent $reli*inar) investi+ati!n an% Ga%!$te%H t-e fla9e% fin%in+ !f t-e $ ,li' $r!se' t!r t-at t-e J!-n D!es in t-e !ri+inal inf!r*ati!n are t-e sevent) !ne a'' se% 9-!se na*es 9ere D st a%%e% ,) Pr!se' t!r D!l!r in t-e Ga*en%e%H inf!r*ati!n an% t-at $r!,a,le 'a se e@ists, 9-i'- later ,e'a*e t-e ,asis f!r t-e iss an'e !f a 9arrant !f arrest a+ainst -erein a'' se%(

A0

Fit- t-is i*$!rtant fa't, it is evi%ent t-at t-e Presi%in+ D %+e %i% n!t *a>e a $ers!nal eval ati!n !f t-e re'!r%s !f t-e 'ase t! %eter*ine 9-et-er $r!,a,le 'a se e@ists t! D stif) t-e iss an'e !f t-e assaile% 9arrant !f arrest( F!r -!9 '! l% t-e Presi%in+ J %+e a%!$t a fin%in+ n!t %erive% fr!* an) $r!'ee%in+J T-e Presi%in+ D %+e '! l% -ave >n!9n t-at n! $reli*inar) investi+ati!n 9as '!n% 'te% as t! t-e a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n -a% -e *a%e a *!re t-an ' rs!r) e@a*inati!n !f t-e re'!r%s !f t-e 'ase( It !nl) +!es t! s-!9 -e %i% n!t st %) $ers!nall) t-e re'!r%s !f t-e 'ase as reC ire% ,) la9 , t $erf n't!ril) iss e% t-e 9arrant !f arrest, rel)in+ *ainl) !n t-e 'ertifi'ati!n !f t-e $r!se' t!r t-at $r!,a,le 'a se e@ists, in vi!lati!n !f t-e '!nstit ti!nal $r!visi!n t-at n! 9arrant s-all iss e e@'e$t $!n $r!,a,le 'a se t! ,e %eter*ine% $ers!nall) ,) t-e D %+e(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

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A7

In t-e 'ase !f #A8OR BAI UNGGIE D( ABDULA an% ODIN ABDULA,, vs( HON( JAPAL #( GUIANI, G(R( N!( 55AA/5, 5A Fe,r ar) /333, t-e S $re*e C! rt -el%, t- s"

3Althou(h the prosecutor en=o,s the le(al presumption of re(ularit, in the performance of his official 'uties, /hich in turn (ives his report the presumption of accurac,, nothin( less than the fun'amental la/ of the lan' comman's the =u'(e to personall, 'etermine probable cause in the issuance of /arrants of arrest. A =u'(e fails in this constitutionall, man'ate' 'ut, if he relies merel, on the certification or report of the investi(atin( officer. >o be sure, /e cannot 'etermine beforehan' ho/ cursor, or e*haustive the respon'ent6s e*amination of the recor's shoul' be. >he e*tent of the =u'(e6s e*amination 'epen's on the e*ercise of his soun' 'iscretion as the circumstances of the case re;uire. 7n the case at bench, the respon'ent ha' before him t/o 'ifferent informations an' resolutions char(in( t/o 'ifferent sets of suspects. 7n the face of these conflictin( resolutions, it behooves him not to ta-e the certification of the investi(atin( prosecutor at face value. >he circumstances thus re;uire that respon'ent loobe,on' the bare certification of the investi(atin( prosecutor an' e*amine the 'ocuments supportin( the prosecutor6s 'etermination of probable cause. >he inor'inate haste that atten'e' the issuance of the /arrant of arrest an' respon'ent6s o/n a'mission are circumstances that ten' to belie an, pretense of the fulfillment of this 'ut,. Clearl,, respon'ent =u'(e, b, merel, statin( that he ha' no reason to 'oubt the vali'it, of the certification ma'e b, the investi(atin( prosecutor has ab'icate' his 'ut, un'er the Constitution to 'etermine on his o/n the issue of probable cause before issuin( a /arrant of arrest. Conse;uentl,, the /arrant of arrest shoul' be 'eclare' null an' voi'.01un'erscorin( supplie'2

A4

Ha% t-e H!n!ra,le Presi%in+ D %+e +!ne !ver t-e re'!r%s !f t-e 'ase as reC ire% ,) la9 an% t-e r les, -e 9! l% -ave i**e%iatel) n!ti'e% t-e +larin+ irre+ larities in t-e 'ertifi'ati!n !f t-e $r!se' t!r, t-e a,s r%ities in t-e affi%avits !f t-e 9itnesses an% t-e tter la'> !f ,asis in t-e in'l si!n !f t-e na*e !f -erein a'' se%-*!vant in t-e a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n( N!t a s'intilla !f evi%en'e 'an ,e f! n% in t-e %!' *ents

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

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atta'-e% t! t-e a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n as 9! l% -ave '!nvin'e an n,iase% *in% t-at reas!na,le +r! n%s e@ist t! D stif) t-e iss an'e !f 9arrant !f arrest a+ainst -erein a'' se%(

AA

T-e Presi%in+ D %+e, -a% -e *a%e a s'r tin) !f t-e re'!r%s, 9! l% -ave i**e%iatel) n!ti'e% t-at t-e 'ertifi'ati!n itself !f t-e $r!se' t!r alrea%) ar! ses s s$i'i!n t-at t-ere is s!*et-in+ 9r!n+, f!r it %!es n!t state 9-et-er t-e '!*$lainants an% -is 9itnesses a$$eare% ,ef!re -i* !r 9-et-er t-e res$!n%ents 9ere +iven an !$$!rt nit) t! $resent '! nter-affi%avits( He 9! l% -ave li>e9ise n!te% t-at t-e !nl) ,asis !f t-e $r!se' t!r in filin+ t-e a*en%e% inf!r*ati!n, 9it-! t a *!ti!n t! revive at t-at, 9as t-e affi%avit !f a 'ertain Silva 9-! even %i% n!t a$$ear $ers!nall) ,ef!re t-e $r!se' t!r(

A6

Unf!rt natel), t-e Presi%in+ D %+e t!!> t-e 9!r% !f t-e $ ,li' $r!se' t!r -!!>, line an% sin>er, s! t! s$ea>, t-at $r!,a,le 'a se e@ists an% i**e%iatel) iss e% t-e 9arrant !f arrest( Accuse' therefore ma, not be faulte' if he entertains in his min' that the min' that issue' the /arrant of arrest a(ainst him ma, not be ?unbiase'@ after all.

II THE HONORABLE 1U/GE SHOUL/ HA7E /IS)ISSE/ THE CASE OUTRIGHT FOR THERE IS ABSOLUTEL0 NO E7I/ENCE TO ESTABLISH PROBABLE CAUSE AGAINST ACCUSE/ ATT0# RE)EGIO SALA/ERO 1R#

63

In t-e lan%*ar> 'ase !f Alla'o vs Dio-no,51 t-e H!n!ra,le S $re*e C! rt -a% !''asi!n t! e*$-asi:e t-e '!n'e$t an% i*$li'ati!n !f

14

/2/ SCRA 562 <5661=

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

35

$r!,a,le 'a se, t-e e@isten'e !f 9-i'- is ne'essar) f!r t-e $r!se' t!r t! -ave an a'' se% -el% f!r trial an% f!r a trial D %+e t! iss e a 9arrant f!r -is arrest(

65

In t-e sai% 'ase, $etiti!ners Di!s%a%! J!se Alla%! an% R!,ert! L( #en%!:a are ,!t- la9)ers an% $artners !f t-e La9 Fir* !f Sal!n+a, Hernan%e: an% Alla%!( In t-e $ra'ti'e !f t-eir $r!fessi!n, an% !n t-e ,asis !f an alle+e% e@traD %i'ial '!nfessi!n !f a se' rit) + ar%, t-e) 9ere a'' se% !f t-e -ein! s 'ri*e !f >i%na$$in+ 9it- * r%er an% !r%ere% arreste% 9it-! t ,ail ,) t-e res$!n%ent D %+e in t-e sai% 'ase(

6/

In settin+ asi%e t-e 9arrant !f arrest an% in enD!inin+ t-e res$!n%ent D %+e fr!* $r!'ee%in+ an) f rt-er a+ainst t-erein $etiti!ners Alla%! an% #en%!:a, t-e H!n!ra,le S $re*e C! rt -el% as f!ll!9s" Q@@@ Pilapil 8# San.i9an=ayan /4 sets a stan%ar% f!r %eter*inin+ t-e e@isten'e !f $r!,a,le 'a se( F-ile it a$$ears in t-at 'ase t-at 9e -ave +rante% t-e $r!se' t!r an% t-e trial D %+e see*in+l) nli*ite% latit %e in %eter*inin+ t-e e@isten'e !r a,sen'e !f $r!,a,le 'a se ,) affir*in+ t-e l!n+-stan%in+ $r!'e% re t-at t-e) 'an ,ase t-eir fin%in+s *erel) !n t-eir $ers!nal !$ini!n an% reas!na,le ,elief, )et , thi p!rmi i8!n! h";l. n"t =! int!rpr!t!. a 9i8in9 th!m ar=itrary p":!r an. l!ttin9 th!m l"" ! in th! .!t!rminati"n "< th! !*i t!nc! "< pr"=a=l! ca; !, a .!licat! l!9al B;! ti"n :hich can r! ;lt in th! hara m!nt an. .!pri8ati"n "< li=!rty "< th! p!r "n ";9ht t" =! char9!. "r arr! t!.# T-ere 9e sai% R Pr!,a,le 'a se is a reas!na,le +r! n% !f $res *$ti!n t-at a *atter is, !r *a) ,e, 9ell f! n%e%, s 'a state !f fa'ts in t-e *in% !f t-e $r!se' t!r as 9! l% lea% a $ers!n !f !r%inar) 'a ti!n an% $r %en'e t! ,elieve, !r entertain an -!nest !r str!n+ s s$i'i!n, t-at a t-in+ is s!( T-e ter* %!es n!t *ean Oa't al an% $!sitive 'a seO n!r %!es it i*$!rt a,s!l te 'ertaint)( It is *erel) ,ase% !n !$ini!n an% reas!na,le ,elief( T- s, a fin%in+ !f $r!,a,le 'a se %!es n!t reC ire an inC ir) int! 9-et-er t-ere is s ffi'ient evi%en'e t! $r!' re a '!nvi'ti!n( It is en! +- t-at it is ,elieve% t-at t-e a't !r !*issi!n '!*$laine% !f '!nstit tes t-e !ffense '-ar+e%( Pre'isel), t-ere is a trial f!r

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

36

t-e re'e$ti!n !f evi%en'e !f t-e $r!se' ti!n in s $$!rt !f t-e '-ar+e( F-et-er an a't 9as %!ne 'a sin+ n% e inD r) t! t-e +!vern*ent an% 9-et-er t-e sa*e 9as %!ne 9it- *anifest $artialit) !r evi%ent ,a% fait- 'an !nl) ,e *a%e ! t ,) $r!$er an% s ffi'ient testi*!n)( Ne'essaril), a '!n'l si!n 'an ,e arrive% at 9-en t-e 'ase -as alrea%) $r!'ee%e% !n s ffi'ient $r!!f( /A Acc"r.in9ly, =!<"r! i ;in9 a :arrant "< arr! t, th! @;.9! m; t ati <y him !l< that =a !. "n th! !8i.!nc! ;=mitt!. th!r! i ;<<ici!nt pr""< that a crim! ha =!!n c"mmitt!. an. that th! p!r "n t" =! arr! t!. i pr"=a=ly 9;ilty th!r!"<# In t-e Or%er !f res$!n%ent D %+e %ate% 55 Fe,r ar) 5661, it is e@$ressl) state% t-at OStT-is '! rt after 'aref l eval ati!n !f t-e evi%en'e !n re'!r%, ,elieves an% r les t-at $r!,a,le 'a se e@istsI an% t-eref!re, a 9arrant !f arrest s-! l% ,e iss e%(O H":!8!r, :! ar! ;na=l! t" !! h": r! p"n.!nt @;.9! arri8!. at ;ch r;lin9( Fe -ave $ainsta>in+l) e@a*ine% t-e re'!r%s an% 9e 'ann!t fin% an) s $$!rt f!r -is '!n'l si!n( On t-e '!ntrar), :! .i c!rn a n;m=!r "< r!a "n :hy :! c"n i.!r th! !8i.!nc! ;=mitt!. t" =! in ;<<ici!nt <"r a <in.in9 "< pr"=a=l! ca; ! a9ain t p!titi"n!r # Q@@ Base% !n t-e evi%en'e t- s far s ,*itte% t-ere is n!t-in+ in%ee%, * '- less is t-ere $r!,a,le 'a se, t! in'ri*inate $etiti!ners( F!r t-e* t! stan% trial an% ,e %e$rive% in t-e *eanti*e !f t-eir li,ert), -!9ever ,rief, t-e la9 a$$r!$riatel) e@a'ts * '- *!re t! s stain a 9arrant f!r t-eir arrest R fa'ts an% 'ir' *stan'es str!n+ en! +- in t-e*selves t! s $$!rt t-e ,elief t-at t-e) are + ilt) !f a 'ri*e t-at in fa't -a$$ene%( M ite !,vi! sl), t-is -as n!t ,een *et( Leril), r! p"n.!nt @;.9! c"mmitt!. 9ra8! a=; ! "< .i cr!ti"n in i ;in9 th! :arrant <"r th! arr! t "< p!titi"n!r it app!arin9 that h! .i. n"t p!r "nally !*amin! th! !8i.!nc! n"r .i. h! call <"r th! c"mplainant an. hi :itn! ! in th! <ac! "< th!ir incr!.i=l! acc";nt # In t!a., h! m!r!ly r!li!. "n th! c!rti<icati"n "< th! pr" !c;t"r that pr"=a=l! ca; ! !*i t!.# F"r, "th!r:i !, h! :";l. ha8! <";n. ";t that th! !8i.!nc! th; <ar pr! !nt!. :a ;tt!rly in ;<<ici!nt t" :arrant th! arr! t "< p!titi"n!r # Q@@ 62 In t-is 'ase, t-ere is n!t-in+ !n re'!r% t-at 9! l% D stif) t-e fin%in+ !f $r!,a,le 'a se ,) t-e H!n!ra,le J %+e( Fe -ave e@a*ine% t-e

re'!r%s an% 9e 'ann!t fin% an) s $$!rt f!r -is '!n'l si!n(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

37

61

On t-e '!ntrar), 9e -ave %eter*ine% a n *,er !f reas!ns 9-) t-e H!n!ra,le J %+e s-! l% -ave %is*isse% ! tri+-t t-e '-ar+es a+ainst -erein a'' se%(

Th!r! i n" !8i.!nc! "< c"n piracy t" ;pp"rt ;ch all!9ati"n in th! In<"rmati"n# A char9! "< c"n piracy h";l. =! =a !. "n <act an. n"t "n m!r! c"ncl; i"n "r in<!r!nc! # $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $ 60 Arti'le A !f t-e Revise% Penal C!%e $r!vi%es" Conspirac, an' proposal to commit felon, (R C!ns$ira') an% $r!$!sal t! '!**it fel!n) are $ nis-a,le !nl) in t-e 'ases in 9-i'- t-e la9 s$e'iall) $r!vi%es a $enalt) t-eref!re( A '!ns$ira') e@ists 9-en t9! !r *!re $ers!ns '!*e t! an a+ree*ent '!n'ernin+ t-e '!**issi!n !f a fel!n) an% %e'i%e t! '!**it it( 67 T-e ele*ents !f a '!ns$ira'), t-eref!re, are" <5= t-at t9! !r *!re $ers!ns '!*e t! an a+ree*entI </= t-at t-e a+ree*ent '!n'erne% t-e '!**issi!n !f a fel!n)I an% <2= t-at t-e e@e' ti!n !f t-e fel!n) ,e a+ree% $!n(

64

C!ns$ira') * st ,e $r!ve% ,) $!sitive an% '!nvin'in+ evi%en'e 50I it 'ann!t ,e f! n%e% !n *ere '!nDe't res, inferen'es
54

an%

$res *$ti!nsI57 It * st ,e real an% n!t $res *$tive(

6A

As if it '! l% n!t ,e *a%e *!re 'lear, t-e S $re*e C! rt r le% in People v. Arti8 </77 SCRA 715 S5664T= t-at"

15 16 17

People v. >ion(son, 14 SCRA /12I People v. Ancheta, 77 P-il( 72A( Aro'io v. Court of Appeals, 571 SCRA 257( <nite' States v. +i(ueras, / P-il 165(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

38

S$Tr!!fs, n!t *ere '!nDe't res !r ass *$ti!ns, s-! l% ,e $r!ffere% ,) t-e $r!se' ti!n 9-i'- 9! l% s-!9 t-at a$$ellant -a% ta>en $art in t-e $lannin+, $re$arati!n an% $er$etrati!n !f t-e alle+e% '!ns$ira') t! >ill t-e vi'ti*( Ot-er9ise, Ua 'areless se !f t-e '!ns$ira') t-e!r) <'an= s9ee$ int! Dail even inn!'ent $ers!ns 9-! *a) -ave <!nl)= ,een *a%e n9ittin+ t!!ls ,) t-e 'ri*inal *in%s? reall) res$!nsi,le f!r t-e 'ri*e( < n%ers'!rin+ s $$lie%= 66 In ter*s !f C ant * !f $r!!f ne'essar) t! esta,lis- a '!ns$ira'), G'!ns$ira') * st ,e s-!9n t! e@ist as '!nvin'in+l) as t-e '!**issi!n !f t-e !ffense itself in !r%er t! $-!l% t-e f n%a*ental $rin'i$le t-at n! !ne s-all ,e f! n% + ilt) !f a 'ri*e e@'e$t reas!na,le %! ,t(H5A $!n $r!!f ,e)!n%

533

In t-is 'ase, t-ere is a,s!l tel) n! evi%en'e !f '!ns$ira') t! s $$!rt s '- alle+ati!n in t-e inf!r*ati!n(

535

T! reiterate, in t-e affi%avit !f Lin'ent Silva, -e %i% n!t sa) t-at Re*e+i! Sala%er! alias G;a Patri'> G9as a $er$etrat!r !r $arti'i$ant in t-e alle+e% , rnin+ !f t-e Gl!,e t!9er !r in t-e alle+e% a*, s- !f t-e PNP s!l%iers( In fa't, 9it- t-e e@'e$ti!n !f Si*, lan, a 'ertain #i+ el #a+,ata, a 'ertain Jai*e Pa%illa, a 'ertain E%*ar Fernan%e: an% -i*self Silva %i% n!t sa) t-at t-e si@t)-seven !t-ers 9ere $er$etrat!rs !r $arti'i$ants in t-e t9! 'ri*es( He 9as e@$li'it in -is state*ent t-at t-ese si@t) seven <74= a'' se% !nl) -a% >n!9le%+e !r >ne9 !f t-ese in'i%ents( <Gma, -inalaman,H M & A N!s( 37 an% 36=(

53/

Si+nifi'antl) t!!, Silva '!nfesse% t-at -e 9as !ne !f t-e $er$etrat!rs an% e@$li'itl) na*e% an% narrate% t-e 'ri*inal a'ts $erf!r*e% ,) f! r

18

Pecho v. People, /7/ SCRA 05A S5667T(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

39

!t-ers in t-e t9! in'i%ents( He 9as silent !n t-e si@t)-seven <74= !t-er a'' se% e@'e$t -is s9ee$in+ state*ent t-at t-e) -a% >n!9le%+e !f t-e in'i%ents(

532

Leril), in t-e a,sen'e !f an) alle+ati!n !r $r!!f a+ainst -erein a'' se%, -e s-! l% n!t ,e i*$li'ate% in t-e alle+e% '!ns$ira')( T! reiterate, a '-ar+e !f '!ns$ira') s-! l% ,e ,ase% !n fa'ts an% n!t !n *ere '!n'l si!ns !r inferen'es(

531

T! reiterate t!!, t-e state*ents !f '!*$lainin+ 9itnesses Fils!n Gani an% J!se$- Panes t-at G*!re t-an fifteen -eavil) ar*e% *enH $er$etrate% t-e alle+e% a*, s- seri! sl) fla9e% an% in-erentl) in're%i,le ,e'a se it see>s t! $r!ve t-at t-e rest !f t-e sevent)-t9! a'' se% !t-er t-an t-e G*!re t-an fifteen -eavil) ar*e% *enH 9ere eit-er Gl!!>-! ts,H G!n-l!!>ersH !r >i,it:ers % rin+ t-e a*, s-(

The extra07udicial confession= admission of prosecution witness 1incent >. (ilva is inadmissible in evidence under the res inter alios acta rule embodied in "ule !)5, (ection *& of the "ules of Court. 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0 530 Se'ti!n /A, R le 523 !f t-e R les !f C! rt ens-rines in ! r le+al s)ste* t-e %!'trine !f res inter alios acta alteri nocere non 'ebet 9-i'- !r%ains t-at t-e ri+-ts !f a $art) 'ann!t ,e $reD %i'e% ,) an a't, %e'larati!n !r !*issi!n !f an!t-er, an% t-at, t-eref!re, an e@traD %i'ial '!nfessi!n !r a%*issi!n is ,in%in+ !nl) $!n t-e '!nfessant an% is n!t a%*issi,le a+ainst !t-ers56(

19

See +eople v. ?untag, 1/4 SCRA 563 </331=

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

40

537

In t-e 'ase !f +eople v. Tena*5, t-e H!n!ra,le S $re*e C! rt sai%" N!t ne@$e'te%l), t-eref!re, it is t-is e@traD %i'ial '!nfessi!n !n 9-i'- S!lita Sena 'enters -is atta'> in t-e $resent a$$ellate $r!'ee%in+s, assi+nin+ as err!rs !n t-e $art !f t-e l!9er '! rt t-e a%*issi!n in evi%en'e !f t-e e@traD %i'ial '!nfessi!n !f A%el,ert! Ca*!ta an% -is '!nvi'ti!n !n t-e s!le ,asis t-ere!f( B t as is *a%e 'lear ,) t-e S!li'it!r General in -is G#anifestati!n in Lie !f A$$ellee?s Brief,H t-e *atter !f t-at '!nfessi!n?s '!*$eten') nee% n!t ,e %elve% int! as t-e iss e !f a'' se%-a$$ellant?s + ilt !r inn!'en'e *a) ,e res!lve% ,) a$$li'ati!n !f t-e %!'trine res inter alios acta alteri nocere non 'ebet( A't all), t-e iss e is n!t s! * 't-e a%*issi,ilit) in evi%en'e !f t-e e@traD %i'ial '!nfessi!n, , t rat-er, even '!n'e%in+ its a%*issi,ilit), its se a+ainst $ers!ns !t-er t-an t-e '!nfessant, e(+(, -erein a'' se%a$$ellant( Use !f Ca*!ta?s e@traD %i'ial '!nfessi!n is $re'l %e% ,) Se'ti!n /0 <n!9 Se'ti!n /A=, !f R le 523 !f t-e R les !f C! rt, vi:" Section &$. A'mission b, thir' part, ( . T-e ri+-ts !f a $art) 'ann!t ,e $reD %i'e% ,) an a't, %e'larati!n, !r !*issi!n !f an!t-er, e@'e$t as -ereinafter $r!vi%e%(

534

In t-e instant 'ase, t-e $r!se' ti!n relies $rin'i$all) !n t-e s9!rn state*ent !f 9itness Lin'ent U( Silva t! in%i't a'' se% Att)( Sala%er! an% t-e !t-er a%%iti!nal a'' se%( In fa't, Pr!se' t!r D!l!r states in t-e GA*en%e% Inf!r*ati!nH t-at t-e sa*e 9as file% !n t-e ,asis !f Silva?s s9!rn state*ent( Sai% 9itness? s9!rn state*ent rea%s"

@ @ @ @ 31( T . ;ailan na*an isina+a9a n+ *+a NPA an% $a+-a*, ssa *+a R#G > n+ i)!n+ *atatan%aanJ S - N!!n $!n+ i>a-2 n+ #ars! /337 %in $! *+a alas si)ete n+ *a+a( 30( T . Nasaan >a n+ *a+ana$ an+ *+a ,a+a) na it! S . Ca ama p" nila aA" a .ala:an9 in i.!nt!n9 iy"n# @ @ @ @

20

/50 SCRA 12, 14-1A

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

41

6(

T - Nasa,i *! na an+ *+a ta!n+ it! an+ *a) >inala*an sa $a+s n!+ sa Gl!,e T!9er sa Br+)( San Isi%r!, Pt!( Galera, sa $a$aan!n+ $araan na*an nila sin n!+ an+ nasa,in+ t!9erJ S . Bin;h; an p" namin n9 9a "lina paiA"t an9 t":!r pa9Aatap" p" ay inin.ihan# @ @ @ @

51( T . Sa $a$aan!n+ $araan na*an isina+a9a n+ +r $! nina Jai*e Pa%illa at R st!* Si*, lan an+ $a+-a*, s- sa +r $! n+ *+a R#GJ S . Na+,a!n $! sina #IGUEL #AGBATA K ;A A#AN at RUSTO# SI#BULAN K ;A BOBB8 n+ lan%*ine at $a+ta$at $! n+ sasa>)an nila na D *$ tr '> a) s *a,!+ at $a+>ata$!s $! n!!n a) :alan9 h;mpay na namin9 pinap;t;Aan an9 m9a p;li na sa>a) %!!n( A>! $! a) >asa*a sa *ain ,!%) ,ilan+ Pan+ala9an+ $lat n li%er ni ED#AR FERNANDEV K ;A HO#ER( 13mphasis is ours.2 @ @ @ @ 53A It is 'lear fr!* -is s9!rn state*ent t-at -e 9as $art !f t-e alle+e% '!ns$ira') t! assa lt t-e $!li'e !ffi'ers in Br+)( San Isi%r!, P ert! Galera, Oriental #in%!r! !n #ar'- 2, /337 at a,! t 4"33 P(#( Ass *in+ ar(uen'o t-at -is alle+ati!ns 9ere tr e, -is e@tra-D %i'ial '!nfessi!n, -!9ever, is a%*issi,le in evi%en'e !nl) as a+ainst -i*self, , t n!t a+ainst -is alle+e% '!-'!ns$irat!rs $ rs ant t! t-e 9ell-settle% %!'trine !f res inter alios acta alteri nocere non 'ebet(

536

In +eople v. Tena/5 an% +eople v. Cui, et al.//, t-e Hi+- C! rt e@$laine% t-e rati!nale f!r t-is %!'trine !r r le, t! 9it"

@ @ @ T-e reas!n f!r t-e r le is t-at, !n a $rin'i$le !f +!!% fait- an% * t al '!nvenien'e, a *an?s !9n a'ts are ,in%in+ $!n -i*self, an% are evi%en'e a+ainst -i*( S! are -is '!n% 't an% %e'larati!ns( 8et, it 9! l% n!t !nl) ,e ri+-tl) in'!nvenient, , t als! *anifestl) nD st, t-at a *an s-! l% ,e ,! n% ,) t-e a'ts !f *ere na t-!ri:e% stran+ers, neit-er ! +-t t-eir a'ts !r '!n% 't ,e se% as evi%en'e a+ainst -i*(
21 22

S $ra( 251 SCRA 577-57A <5666=, 'itin+ +eople v. "aquel, /70 SCRA /1A(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

42

553

F-ile t-e res inter alios acta r le a%*its !f 'ertain e@'e$ti!ns, !ne !f 9-i'- is f! n% in Se'ti!n 23 !f R le 523, s '- e@'e$ti!n %!es n!t a$$l) in t-e $resent 'ase( As f rt-er -el% in +eople v. Cui, et al/2."

T-e res inter alios -as e@'e$ti!ns( T- s, Se'ti!n 23 !f R le 523 $r!vi%es" GT-e a't !r %e'larati!n !f a '!ns$irat!r relatin+ t! t-e '!ns$ira') an% % rin+ its e@isten'e, *a) ,e +iven in evi%en'e a+ainst t-e '!-'!ns$irat!r after t-e '!ns$ira') is s-!9n ,) evi%en'e !t-er t-an s '- a't !r %e'larati!n(H F!r t-is $r!visi!n t! a$$l), t-e f!ll!9in+ reC isites * st ,e satisfie%" Ga( t-at t-e '!ns$ira') ,e first $r!ve% ,) evi%en'e !t-er t-an t-e a%*issi!n itselfI ,( t-at t-e a%*issi!n relates t! t-e '!**!n !,De'tsI an% '( t-at it -as ,een *a%e 9-ile t-e %e'larant 9as en+a+e% in 'arr)in+ ! t t-e '!ns$ira')(H @ @ @ In t-e 'ase at ,ar, t-e alle+e% '!ns$ira') a*!n+ t-e a'' se% 9as n!t $ri!rl) esta,lis-e% ,) in%e$en%ent evi%en'e( N!r 9as it s-!9n t-at t-e e@traD %i'ial state*ents !f Basin+an 9ere *a%e 9-ile t-e) 9ere en+a+e% in 'arr)in+ ! t t-e '!ns$ira')( In tr t-, t-e state*ents 9ere *a%e after t-e '!ns$ira') -as en%e% an% after t-e '!ns **ati!n !f t-e 'ri*e( T-e) 9ere n!t a'ts !r %e'larati!ns *a%e % rin+ t-e '!ns$ira')?s e@isten'e( Sin'e t-e e@tra-D %i'ial a%*issi!ns 9ere *a%e after t-e s $$!se% '!ns$ira'), t-e) are ,in%in+ !nl) $!n t-e '!nfessant an% are n!t a%*issi,le a+ainst -is '!-a'' se%, as a+ainst t-e latter, t-e '!nfessi!n is -earsa)(

555

Si*ilarl), in t-is 'ase, t-ere is a,s!l tel) n! !t-er evi%en'e, in%e$en%ent !f t-e e@traD %i'ial '!nfessi!n !f $r!se' ti!n 9itness Silva, t! esta,lis- t-e alle+e% '!ns$ira') ,et9een -i* an% all t-e a'' se% $ r$!rte%l) t! a*, s- t-e $!li'e !ffi'ers(

23

S $ra(

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

43

55/

T- s, stri$$e% !f t-e ina%*issi,le e@traD %i'ial '!nfessi!nEa%*issi!n !f 9itness Silva, t-e entire re'!r%s are tterl) ,ereft !f an) !t-er

evi%en'e t-at 9! l% se$aratel) an% in%e$en%entl) esta,lis- '!ns$ira') ,et9een a'' se% Att)( Sala%er!, all t-e !t-er a'' se% an% 9itness Silva(

552

#!re!ver, 9-ile t-e 'ri*es 9ere alle+e%l) '!**itte% !n #ar'- 2, /337, ' ri! sl), 9itness Silva e@e' te% -is s9!rn state*ent !nl) !n A + st 56, /33A, 9-en -e an% t-e a'' se% 9ere n! l!n+er en+a+e% in t-e alle+e% '!ns$ira') an% after t-e '!ns **ati!n !f t-e 'ri*e( His reas!n t-at Gn(a,on lan( po a-o nabi(,an n( pa(-a-ataon na

ma-ababa at ma-apa(report sa a-in( han'ler H is a la*e e@' se, f!r -e neit-er +ave %etails 9-en -e alle+e%l) D!ine% t-e NPA as a DPA an% 9-en -e left t-e sa*e t! re$!rt t! -is G-an%ler(H T-eref!re,

Pr!se' t!r D!l!r s-! l% n!t -ave +iven an) 're%en'e t! Silva?s s9!rn state*ent an% *a%e it t-e ,asis !f filin+ t-e GA*en%e% Inf!r*ati!n,H an% a''!r%in+l), t-e H!n!ra,le Presi%in+ J %+e s-! l% n!t -ave iss e% t-e 9arrant !f arrest a+ainst a'' se% Att)( Sala%er! ,) $erf n't!ril) a%!$tin+ t-e fin%in+s !f Pr!se' t!r D!l!r(

551

Fr!*

t-e

f!re+!in+,

t-e

e@traD %i'ial

'!nfessi!nEa%*issi!n

!f

$r!se' ti!n 9itness Silva %!es n!t C alif) as an e@'e$ti!n t! t-e res inter alios acta r le, ren%erin+ -is '!nfessi!n ina%*issi,le in evi%en'e(

550

It is 9!rt-) !f n!te t-at 9it-! t t-e s9!rn state*ent !f 9itness Silva, t-e $r!se' ti!n -as a,s!l tel) n! 'ase at all a+ainst a'' se%-*!vant Att)( Sala%er! an% t-e !t-er a%%iti!nal a'' se%( T- s, t-e %eart- !f

Motion to Quash/Recall Warrant of Arrest & Motion to Dismiss the Case People v. Rustom Simbulan, et al. Crim. Case o. CR!"#!$%&%

44

evi%en'e f!r t-e $r!se' ti!n !nl) stren+t-ens ! r s ,*issi!n t-at $r!se' ti!n 9itness Silva fa,ri'ate% -is testi*!n) a+ainst a'' se%*!vant Att)( Sala%er! an% t-e !t-er a'' se%( T! reiterate, 9itness Silva 'lai*s t! ,e a %ee$ $enetrati!n a+ent !f t-e PNP( Hen'e, -is 're%i,ilit) as a $r!se' ti!n 9itness is at !n'e $la'e% n%er a -eav) 'l! % !f %! ,t, ren%erin+ -is testi*!n) ,iase%, $!ll te%, self-servin+ an% $atentl) fa,ri'ate%( Nat rall), -is testi*!n) is f ll !f ,iase% an% false alle+ati!ns t-at ree> !f *!tives t! %e*!ni:e, vilif) an% %e*!list-e re$ tati!n !f t-e *!ve*ent -e an% -is $rin'i$al -ave ,een $ rs in+ f!r %e'a%es, in'l %in+ t-e re$ tati!n an% t-e lives !f t-e $e!$le 9-! t-e) ima9in! t! ,e *e*,ers !f t-e NPA, in'l %in+ a $ra'ti'in+ la,!r la9)er, a'' se%-*!vant Re*i+i! Sala%er!, Jr(

PRA0ER

FHEREFORE, PRE#ISES CONSIDERED, in t-e interest !f D sti'e an% t! $-!l% t-e r le !f la9, a'' se% Att)( Re*i+i! D( Sala%er!, Jr( res$e'tf ll)

$ra)s t-at t-e Farrant !f Arrest %ate% O't!,er 7, /33A iss e% a+ainst -i* BE MUASHEDE RECALLEDI an% t-at t-is 'ase BE OUTRIGHL8 DIS#ISSED(

Ot-er f!r*s !f relief t-at are D st an% eC ita,le n%er t-e $re*ises are als! $ra)e% f!r(

#a>ati Cit) f!r Cala$an Cit)( 2 N!ve*,er /33A(