Acknowledgement We would like to express sincere gratitude to the following persons for the successful completion of this project.

Special thanks, to the Managing Director and Co- Founder of ESL, Mrs. Eleanor Jones for giving us the approval to assess Environmental Solutions Limited and completing the questionnaire given to her. The accountant, Mr. Felix White for providing us with the financial information we needed in assessing the companys performance. To Dr. Horace Williams, for providing the guidelines and requirements in completing this project. Last but not least, we would like to thank the Almighty God for his continued blessings throughout the process of the project.

Introduction This project seeks to do a constructive strategic analysis of Environmental Solutions Ltd. This involves evaluation of the organizations performance, SWOT analysis of the internal and external environment, strategic issues and recommendations. Environmental Solutions was the first company established in Jamaica to bring an integrated approach to environmental management and development. It was establish in the year 1991 with its mission; "We aim to provide the practical solutions required to achieve harmony between development and the environment". It is a member of the American Chamber of Commerce of Jamaica and the Private Sector Organization of Jamaica. It has such certificates displayed in the front office of ESL.It has a long standing VISION of being the:"Caribbean- wide resource for excellence in environmental risk management and sustainable development". ESL through its Consulting Principals has provided environmental management services throughout the English-speaking Caribbean, Central America, West Africa, Canada, and Asia. The company has worked on several major projects funded by the World Bank, UNDP, Inter American Development Bank, Caribbean Development Bank, and others. It has established agreements of cooperation with a number of local and overseas consulting and engineering firms in USA, Canada, Europe and the Caribbean. ESL has heightened the awareness of Jamaica's vulnerability to natural hazards and the need for appropriate risk management strategies in Jamaica and throughout the Caribbean.

Assessment of Organizations Performance

Profitability The profitability of the firm over the last three years has been stagnant as described by the accountant of ESL. One of the main reasons for this is the constant increase in variable costs over the last few periods. ESL experienced a loss in its income statements for the year 2010 and first two quarters of 2011. However the loss decreased drastically by 94% when compared to the income statement at the end of the year 2010. This was as a result of the special control placed on decreasing its fixed cost that was reduced by 32%.

Revenue The main sources of revenue comes from numerous services offered such as Food Safety, Analytical Services , Imaging Solutions , Environmental risk management and environmental control and management among many other services. However, the revenue of the firm decreased between 2010 and 2011 at a rate of 4%. The major reason for this decrease is due to the economic crisis the country is facing. There are prospective clients who would be willing to use the services offered by ESL, but lack the required funds to do so. There are others who have the funds but consider the services unnecessary to their projects. There are also those who have the funds that are not educated enough to properly utilize such resources. Another factor is the lack of law enforcement in relation to the environment of the Jamaican Government. Cash Flow The cash flow in and out of the business came about from the projects engaged in. The managers were poor in properly managing the cash flow of the business. They were risk averse and took a reactive approach when it came to immediate cash outflow. In other words, they sometimes wait until the expenses occur before seeing the need to have a steady cash flow. Management has realized such weaknesses and has put measures in place to reduce it. They will have a steady cash flow on hand at all times and therefore have a proactive approach in dealing with the cash flow in and out of the businesses.
3

Current Situation The guiding statement of Environmental Solutions Limited states We Aim to Provide the Practical Solutions Required to Ensure Harmony between Development and the Environment," this articulates the driving force behind the company's commitment in assisting clients in ensuring corporate and economic progress while preserving the integrity of the environment. Sustainable Development is the overall goal of the company's ethos. With this in mind they aim at being the Caribbean-wide Resource for Excellence in Environmental Risk Management and Sustainable Development Company. It is evident that Environmental Solutions Limited had a strategic planning process in place. The diagram below depicts how this is done. With them establishing their Mission statement which also states how this will be achieved, this is the initial step. After this was done they did a SWOT analysis to establish their strengths and weaknesses while identifying the opportunities to be gain from the environment while figuring out how to combating the threats. They opted to engage in the business level strategy with a cost leadership approach. The diagram also shows how this strategy was implemented through a functional organizational structure. It had also a free allowance of feedback to ensure that the strategy is effective.

The Components of Environmental Solutions Limited

Mission We Aim to Provide the Practical Solutions Required to Ensure Harmony between Development and the Environment," articulates the driving force behind the company's commitment to assisting clients in ensuring corporate and economic progress while preserving the integrity of the environment.

Internal Analysis
Strengths: employees with expertise, core competencies and quality services. Weakness: limited space, level of technology usage

SWOT
(Strategic choice)

External Analysis
Opportunities- Available advances in technology, stabilize economy, law enforcement by government

Business Level Strategy (Cost Leadership)

Strategy Implementation
Match the strategy against the structure and controls (functional structure with different management controls)

Organizational Structure (Functional Structure)

Design control System

Managing Strategic Changes

Feedback 5

As mention above, the business level strategy that is used by Environmental Solutions Limited is one of Cost Leadership. They focus on gaining a competitive advantage by reducing its prices below those of all its competitors. This was done to maintain their market shares as well as their position in the market. Though being the first movers its necessary to maintain a low cost as its a base to create a barrier to entry and preventing its customers from being enticed by ESL competitors. Based on the information gathered the needs of ESL customers are being satisfied (Listing 1.1). The needs include: Closure Plans, Development Permitting Support Services, Disaster Management, Emergency Response Plans, Environmental Audits, Environmental Monitoring Services, E.S.L. Imaging Services. All these services basically relates to Environmental Protection and preservation. This links back to their Mission Statement of wanting to maintain Development and Harmony in the Environment.

External Environmental (SWOT Analysis Social /Economical /Political Forces The current economic downturn that the country faces affected ESL negatively, in that projects that were to be assessed were cancelled or postponed during high points of this economic downturn. This is so as prices for raw materials were on the rise. As a result of this, the company suffered a loss. The government implemented laws in relation to environmental protection and building construction. However, they had failed to properly enforce these laws. This is evident in the fact that for example persons are erecting buildings without consulting the proper authorities to ascertain the impact it has on the environment and non importance of environmental assessment and risk management. The more projects undertaken in the Island, the more the need for ESLs services will arise, hence, additional work for them. This is so because the impact assessment, one of their services will be a prerequisite for completion of these projects, as requested by law This will contribute significantly to their profit making potential. Public Perception Members of society view ESL as a firm working in the best interest of society in the countrys sustainable development. It is known as a corporate socially responsible company. There are members of society who would want to utilize ESL services but lack the resources to do such as Land Use Planning and Property Management. Availability of Skills One of the main reasons this company is viewed as the market leader is the quality of the services offered. This is a result of the availability of skills in the ESL. The company has individuals with many years of experience in their respective fields and qualifications to match. They have also been in the company for many years and as a result have specialized skill in their areas which contributed to the productivity level in offering good quality services. Threats ESL is not perturbed by the threat of new entrants. ESL is a first mover in this emerging industry and has already captured majority of the market share utilizing its cost-leadership strategy .It has also practiced customer-switching cost .Therefore it has been very difficult for
7

new entrants to take over their market share. This can be depicted like a fish pot with one big master fish (ESL) and few little ones (competitors). The main competitors are Scientific Research Counsel, CL Environment, Jamaican Environmental Trust, Mines and Geology. ESL has also developed a long standing relationship with the main companies that engage in sustainable development in the environment. This includes the National Environmental Planning Agency (NEPA). This means that ESL has majority of the market share and usually is the one to subcontract work to some these competitors. The accountant mentioned that most of the top management and other employees of each of these competitors have worked in ESL some time or the other as part time or full time employees in the past. This may be a threat to ESL as these persons may have had inside information of the strengths and weaknesses and may use them for the betterment of their present organization. However this has never been as issue because ESLs competitive advantage has been well sustained. There are low threats of powerful suppliers as ESL provides most of their own resources, low threat of powerful buyers as it would be costly for buyers to integrate backwards as well as they are the dominant firm in the industry, low state of rivalry because of reasons mentioned above and low threats of substitute as they are limited suppliers in that particular field.

Opportunities With the view that the countrys economic situation will improve there is the opportunity for growth both internally and externally which will enhance the profitability of the firm which is now operating at break-even. In the near future, the company plans to relocate to another location with larger office space and larger laboratories. They also plan to undertake various marketing and advertising projects targeting non-interested persons on the importance of conducting environmental assessments. There is also the plan of liaising with the government to ensure that the environmental laws are properly enforced. All the above creates a better opportunity for growth in the company

and will contribute to its profitability. The technological advancement in lab equipments may be an opportunity the company hopes to utilize in its upcoming expansion project.

Internal Environment (SWOT Analysis)

The internal environment of any firm includes its strength and weaknesses. ESLs strength comes from the advantage of being the first mover in its field in the Caribbean. ESL was the first company established in Jamaica to bring an integrated approach to environmental management and development. Its major weakness comes from its current lack of advanced technology employed at the firm and to some extent, the fact that management is risk-averse, hence there exist some level of apprehension to widen scope and diversify because of the primary fear of loss. The Organizational Structure There organizational structure is a vertical one. Based on the structure, it allows ESL top management to ensure the efficient and effective use of resources in the firm which ultimately should lead to increased profitability. ESL is a small firm and as depicted in figure 1.1 in the appendix uses a vertical structure where the head of the company is the chairman who along with the managing director (co-founder of ESL) makes the final decision in the company and delegates responsibility to lower level managers. Organizational Culture The organizational culture of ESL is very relaxed, its one in which employees feel valued and a part of a family as described in the questionnaire conducted with the managing director. Information within the firm flows from top-bottom however employees are still motivated and committed enough to achieve organizational goals and objectives. There are a number of activities that take place during the year which contributes to motivating the employees. These includes: employee of the month and year awards, birthday club, semi-annual trips, Christmas lime etc. Autonomy and freedom is allowed in decision making, developing new ideas and personal expression however the final say on all decisions rests with the head of the company,
9

the chairman and managing director. This leadership style can be described as a consultative leadership style.

Quantity and Quality of Resources/Capabilities ESL is known for the quality of its services offered in environmental audits as results of its human resources who are very competent in their areas of expertise. They are highly qualified individuals with many years of experience in their respective areas of environmental assessment. On the down side they are in need of more human resources as some of these employees have to multi-task which will result in the individual being over burden. In terms of technological resources they are somewhat out-dated when compared with the latest technology in the industry. However this has never hindered them from offering the best quality services in the industry. Distinctive Competence (Core Competence) Core competencies are those capabilities that are critical to a business achieving competitive advantage. As mentioned above the core competencies are those of its employees. ESL has assembled on staff a multidisciplinary team of experienced environmental managers, scientists and engineers who have established an excellent track record in their respective disciplines. However, ESL has also associated itself with a core of environmental risk management specialists that deepen the company's ability to respond to the demand for services that our dominant market position creates. Assessment of Management The Management at ESL comprises of competent, well experienced individuals that are undoubtedly the best in their field. Management is as follows: Barry A. Wade, Ph.D., Chairman - Environmental Scientist/Petroleum Industry Management Specialist Eleanor B. Jones, M.A., Managing Director - Environmental and Development Specialist Sharonmae Shirley, M.Phil., Consulting Principal - Quality & Environmental Health Manager, Environmental Chemist
10

George A. Campbell, M.Sc., Consulting Principal - Resource Economist & Management Consultant Ian R.W. Gage, P.E., MJIE, Director - Consulting Principal, The management style, as described above, is a democratic style and has been working effectively for the over 18yrs of operation and accepted by employees. Management seeks out to capitalize on effects that are both in the best interest of the company and the employees, that is, employees well-being is secondary to those of management. Management sets the tone at the top which based on the culture, gives employees a sense of comfort. This culture is also governed by ethics and philanthropy.

Functional Areas Marketing - Most of the marketing is done online on the web page of the company (www.eslcaribbean.com). Other advertising is done by word of mouth, that is, client to client/potential clients. In essence, how good or bad the company is represented is almost entirely based on its customers or clients. However based on the exceptional performance of the firm over the years they have been highlighted in the national newspapers (observer and the gleaner) on several occasions. In order to increase sales and to publicize the company more, they may consider doing more aggressive advertising, that is, on radio, television, and so on. Finance As it relates to the profitability of the firm, for the past 2-3 years they have been stagnant, that is, in terms of being at a break-even point or below average return. That is, profit has neither increased nor decreased significantly. As per the profit and loss statement (see appendix) they have been able to significantly reduce fixed cost by at least $2 million, therefore, fixed cost is under some amount of control. However, as it relates to the variable cost, it generates the most expenses, as 28% to 32% varies with the level of activities for each project undertaken in a given year. The liquidity Ratio shows a $3.48 current asset to every $0.94 liability. Compared to other firms in the same industry, it is far greater. The company has its capital in more form

11

equity than debts. This means that the company may have a lower probability of being bankrupt Hence, their long term viability of ESL is promising.

The immediate financial situation as mentioned above is one of break-even, however the company based on its 2010 and 2011 has suffered a loss but the upside is that the loss for 2010 has been reduced drastically by 94% to now being $200,000 for the first two quarters of 2011. It is moving from a loss of over $3 000 000. This was significant improvement for ESL. R & D/Technology The level of technology is not very high. The lack of technology may be considered a hindrance to the growth of the firm and its efficiency. For example, if the lab had more up-to-date technology, then the time taken to do samples would be less and the level of human error and energy used would be minimized. In terms of moving forward, the firm may seek to employ more technology for efficiency, also, it may contribute to them being able to take on more projects and do them in a more time effective manner, this would also contribute to increase in revenue and a decrease in variable cost, which is one of the concerns as mentioned above. Manufacturing/Operations The firm is moving from being a traditional one in terms of culture and operations to a more contemporary one. They have recently started changing out old equipments and replacing with new ones, this is so, since the need for more advanced technology has aroused. They have become more service oriented as they seek to meet the needs of their clients directly, providing the best quality assessments from the most qualified expertise in their field. As they seek to maintain the fact that they have first mover advantage and maximize their competitive advantage that has been bred especially through core competencies in their field of specialization, they are also enhancing their operations Human Resource Management There is a total of seventeen employees in the organization along with top management. There is group cohesion, at an instant glance the culture of the organization is family based (that is, since the firm is so small, every member is

12

treated as family by top management). As aforementioned, there leadership style also helps to personify this nature. The climate in the organization is somewhat half relaxed and half demanding. That is, even though opinions of employees are valued, one understands who the boss without query. Employees have high expectations of management as it relates to management looking out for them. Even though the firm is small and promotion may not be as distinctive as in a larger firm, employees expect salaries to appreciate over a given time period, based on performance evaluation among other things. Productivity level is relatively high. Projects and assessments are more often than not, completed in a timely manner and faultless as best as is possible at the highest level of competence. Owner/Management The co- founder and current Managing Director of ESL has always sought out ways of expanding the entrepreneurial skills she possess in unique industries. For example, she is the sole owner of Heritage Gardens, a villa located in the hills of St. Andrew, which is suitable for business meetings, family get-away etc. Her vision is based solely on providing the best quality service, whatever it is, at the most competitive prices. She is a loyal friend and very family - oriented; this has had a significant impact on the culture of ESL over the years.

13

Analysis of Strategic Issues The Present Situation of ESL ESL is properly registered with the Registrar of Companies as a member of the Private Sector of Jamaica. ESL is also tax compliant as a taxpayer earning income. The management of the organization is considered risk-averse. They are sometimes complacent to engage in activities that may positively affect the company and its long standing reputation of the providing quality services. They may also be described as resistant to change or very slow in changing a strategy of the business. They have adapted a reactive approach when conflicts both internally and externally occur. They are now seeing the need for a proactive approach to any situation concerning the business. Thirdly, its accounts are kept up to date by the accountant and are authorized by the managing director of any changes that occur with the companys books. A downside is that, the external auditors that are responsible to audit the company are two years behind in reviewing the accounts and financial statements of the ESL. The accountant reason for this is that probable they dont see ESL as mush of a big corporation and immediate. The three main reasons for performing an audit of any firm it is to review its effectiveness and efficiency of operations, reliability of financial reporting and compliance with laws and regulations. Now, from a strategic perspective, how will ESL know if they are properly utilizing and safeguarding its resources? How will ESL receive reasonable assurance that it is operating efficiently and effective? The audits of a company are very important as it will allow ESL to establish mechanisms to identify, analyze, and manage the related risks of the firm more efficiently. Fourthly, the ESL is somewhat slow in upgrading its technological equipment in both the offices and labs. This may affect its reputation in the long run if these machines become nonefficient and starts to affect the time efficiency of environmental assessment. In terms of its governance and control, the managing director is seen as one that love and cherish her employees and engages in constructive criticism for the mutual benefit of the both the organization and the employee. The control environment provides room for feedback and employees are in respect for the governance of ESL.

14

Future of ESL When asked about the future of ESL, the response was a positive one from the accountant. The company is viewed as one that is long term viable. The accountant stated that of such reasons is the long term market that is present and increasing. There is a strong need for the services offered by ESL as there are some projects that cannot move forward until an environmental audit is done and the relevant authority has to approved of such development in a specific area. The company can survive the economic challenges over the next five years. It would need to maintain its cost saving strategies and customer based. The company has begun an aggressive approach to lower its cost. Such activities include turning off lights when not in use to conserve on electricity; grouping clients needs in one sampling technique so when conducting sampling they can cut back on the amount they do. They also cut back on traveling expenses by conducting work in a time efficient way in one day or two. This will contribute to the long term viability of the firm. The company is in the process of expanding its operations by moving to a bigger office and lab space. This allows much more work to be done and take on more projects at any one time. They will be able to employ more qualified and experience persons to the organization. The company will need capital venture in doing this strategic change to the organization. They will source funds through loans, capital reserves and investments of its partners. The business will need to conduct a feasibility study and business plan towards this big step of the company. It will need to reassess its market share as there are been new entrants in the market over the past few years.

15

Strategic Alternatives Since the company is in the process of expanding its operations, the company could engage in a strategic alliance with its main competitors. With the background that ESL sometimes sub-contract work to them and the competitive environment is sometimes described as friendly competition. These companies may form strategic alliance to source its supplies at a lower cost. This alliance could also be used to source and buy new technological lab equipment and raw materials. This ensures that in buying in bulks, it will lower the cost on each party involved. The idea is to have one main stream of suppliers going out to each party. The accountant said its variable cost was one major factor that decreased the revenue of the firm drastically and he suggested that if they could source cheaper materials and at the same time maintain its quality of its services then it would increase its revenue. Another suggestion is to outsource some of its activities such as sampling collection in that they will cut back on travelling expenses and other miscellaneous expenses. It would be much cheaper to pay a service fee than actually conducting the sampling collection. ESL is also in the international market as they have done environmental management services throughout the English-speaking Caribbean, Central America, West Africa, Canada, and Asia. It would be advisable that ESL could engage in more aggressive advertising to make other companies and single customers more aware of their services and the importance of them .The fact that they have worked with international groups such as the Work Bank , means it the potential for economic and accounting growth . ESL can be described as our country Jamaica as often been called, Likkle but talawah.

16

Conclusion It was a pleasure to see the list of achievements that ESL has gained over the past nineteen years. Please see Figure 1.2. The fact that they were in the Gleaner Paper for many years for its recognition for hard work and the first company to identify the need for attention to Quality and Environmental health. They also been specially congratulated by the government and is also a partner with the government in sustainable development of the environment. The company is for a worthy cause that will affect the society positively. It is evident that ESL is an exciting and viable one. The likely results of the recommendations mentioned are that it will assure the long term viability of ESL. It will also decrease the cost of the company and manage its risks proactively. It will provide room for more awareness for its offered services and may build its customer base and intern increase its profitability. A strategic alliance of key players in the market will provide high barriers for new entrants who wish to enter the industry. Overall, a planned expansion and a strategic alliance of ESL will increase its productivity, efficiency, effectiveness in offering quality services while decreasing cost of doing so. ESL has the potential to provide above average return rather than its now stagnant situation with careful decisions by management in strategically using its resources, capabilities and core competencies. We have learnt in completing this project that the strategic management process plays a key role in any business and that if companies clearly outline their missions and vision it will provide the way forward. We have become more aware as to the effects of sustainable development on the environment. We now value strategic management as a reality and not a theory in the books. We have learned the need for business to be aware of strategic processes and alternatives to provide above average returns. One key part of lessons learnt was that even if a company is not making a profit, it did not affect their quality of services offered (figure 1.3) and they still can considered them-selves successful.

17

Appendix

18

Chairman Dr. Barry Wade

Managing Director Mrs. Eleanor Jones

Director of Environmental Services Mrs. Sharonmae Shirley

Consultants Dr. Ian Gage and Mr. George Campbell

______________________________________________________________________

Accountant Mr. Felix White

Executive Assistant Ms. Simone Lee

Lab Manager Rashidah Kan-Haqq

________________________________________________________________________

Support Staff

Administrative Staff

Laboratory Staff

Figure 1.1 Showing the Organizational Structure of Environmental Solutions Limited

19

List of Portfolios of Achievement

Strategic Environmental Assessments:

Harmony Cove Resort & Spa Directed Strategic Environmental Assessments for 230 KM toll road, Highway 2000, for Jamaica involved iterative planning with the highway engineering design team and contribution to the bidding process for international investors Review of Guidelines Environmental Impact Assessment, National Environment & Planning Agency, (NEPA) Jamaica Review the Guidelines for Environmental Assessment and resettlement framework of the Jamaica Social Investment Fund in association with consultants Hytech Associates Ltd. and HTSPE and meeting with international funding agency to finalise review process. Designed Environmental Stewardship Programme for implementation throughout Ministries and Agencies of the Government of Jamaica. Delivered sensitization and training workshops, developed action plans as integral to the programme of "Greening Government". (GOJ/CIDA ENACT) Designed and delivered Environmental Awareness and Training Programme for the Private Sector of Jamaica under the Canadian Environmental Capacity Building Programme (GOJ/CIDA/ENACT). Developed strategy to build environmental stewardship and to integrate environmental considerations into policy, programmes and projects of the Government of Jamaica and selected private sector entities. Involved extensive stakeholder consultations and workshop presentations

Environmental Impact Assessments in all sections of the island of Jamaica including:

Greenfield Cricket Stadium 2007 World Cup Cricket, Trelawny, Expansion Caribbean Cement Company, Kingston Clarendon New Town Kingston Metropolitan Area Water Supply Upgrading Segment 1 - Highway 2000 project, Kingston to Sandy Bay and Portmore Causeway Upgrading Sangster International Airport, Montego Bay - Incinerator Sangster International Airport, Montego Bay - construction of new terminal commissioned by Birk Hillman Inc. Expansion of Ocho Rios Cruise Ship Pier, commissioned by USAID North Coast Highway Development Project, prepared in collaboration with Stanley Consultants, USA Power Plant Expansion, Jamaica Private Power Company Port Royal Heritage Development, and prepared resource assessment and development guidelines Island Development, Sandals Royal Jamaica, Montego Bay National Solid Waste Study - Riverton City Landfill
20

Hotel Developments in St Lucia, Trinidad, Barbados Couples, Negril Port Antonio Sewage and Drainage Development Plan (in collaboration with Louis Berger International) Development of integrated town plans under a project funded by the United Nations Centre on Human Settlements (Habitat) Comprehensive Rural Township Development Programme (Inter American Development Bank) Morant-Yallahs Agricultural Development Programme, St. Thomas, Commissioned by the European Union. Power Plant Expansion, Jamaica Public Service, Rockfort, Kingston (in collaboration with KBN Engineering, USA) Reconstruction of Rio Cobre Dam, Jamaica (in collaboration with Harza Engineering, Chicago) Lucea-Negril Water supply System Impact of tourism on Negril, Ocho Rios and Montego Bay. Commissioned by the Organisation of American States (OAS) as component of Study on Economic, Social and Environmental Impact of Tourism. This involved an inventory of the resource base in Ocho Rios, Montego Bay and Negril with respect to conditions of stress on physical, biological and socio-economic parameters. Involved community consultations and participatory planning. Issues of environmental vulnerability were identified and recommendations made as to areas of need in terms of immediate, medium and long term. Beaches Negril - The proposed development was marked by controversy, and the EIA included a highly interactive approach with planning and regulatory authorities and community residents. Organised and led a public forum which was convened to present the findings of the EIA and to solicit the views of the community. The project received considerable media attention and it constituted the first EIA to be subject to public comment through the Natural Resources Conservation Authority, the environmental regulatory agency of the Government of Jamaica. Conducted a charette - style planning project to develop conceptual designs for a resort and "new town" at Falmouth, Jamaica. Development guidelines were provided after intensive fieldwork. The design concept was presented for discussion to the interest groups and community leaders in Falmouth. Conducted extensive resource assessment to provide development guidelines for the first major hotel to be constructed on the south coast, Beaches Whitehouse. The assessment involved community surveys and interaction, and the findings provided guidelines for important decision-making to the Sandals Group. The EIA was subsequently completed and a public forum was held to present the findings and to solicit public comment. Conducted Environmental Resource Assessment and developed Planning Guidelines for Harmony Hall Development, Trelawny, Jamaica. This extensive property has several attributes for resort and housing development as well as "eco and heritage attractions. Developed (in collaboration with Environmental Resources Ltd, U.K.) Environmental Guidelines for Siting and Design of sewage works for Negril, Jamaica - commissioned by the European Economic Community. Dunns River Watershed Baseline Study - ecological, physical and social assessment.
21

List of Services Closure Plans

Hazardous Waste Site Closure Plans Petroleum Facility Closure Plans

Development Permitting Support Services

Applications Regulatory Agency Liason

Disaster Management

Disaster Risk Assessement

Emergency Response Plans

Emergency Response Plans

Environmental Audits

Air Quality Audits HACCP Audits Hazardous Chemical Audits Phase 1 & 2 Assessments Pollution Control Solid Waste Management

Environmental Monitoring Services

Construction Phase Monitoring Operation Phase Monitoring Sewage Treatment Plants

ESL Imaging Services

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Mapping Satellite Imagery

General

Analytical Services Climate Change Compliance Auditing

22

Development Permitting Support Education and Training Environmental Assessment Environmental Engineering Design and Supervision Environmental Management Systems Design and Implementation Environmental Monitoring Environmental Project Management ESL Imaging Services Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points Hazard Vulnerability Laboratory Services Management and Construction Monitoring Noise Assessment Policy Studies Potable Water Quality Remediation Soil Assessment Training Training (Academic Institutions, Tourism Sector, Disaster Management) Wastewater Treatment Plants Water/ Wastewater Assessment

Noise Assessment

Hearing Conservation Programme Sound Surveys

Quality Management Systems (ISO 14000, 17205, HACC

Environmental Management Quality System

Sustainable Development Management

Baseline Surveys Development Guidelines Environmental Impact Assessment Socio Economic Surveys Strategic Environment Assessment

Training

Academic Institutions Disaster Management Tourism Sector

23

ESL TEAM
ESL has assembled on staff a multidisciplinary team of experienced environmental managers, scientists and engineers who have established an excellent track record in their respective disciplines. Our in-house consultants are listed below. However, ESL has also associated itself with a core of environmental risk management specialists that deepen the company's ability to respond to the demand for services that our dominant market position creates. Eleanor B. Jones, M.A., Managing Director Barry A. Wade, Ph.D., Chairman

Environmental and Development Specialist George A. Campbell, M.Sc., Consulting Principal

Environmental Scientist/Petroleum Industry Management Specialist

Ian R.W. Gage, P.E., MJIE, Director

Sharonnmae Shirley, M.Phil., Consulting Principal

Resource Economist & Management Consultant

Consulting Principal,

Quality & Environmental Health Manager, Environmental Chemist

Riccardo Simpson, Diploma, Analytical Chemist

Administrative Support Staff

24

Interview Questions These questions were directed to the Accountant, Mr. Felix White 1. How would you describe the profitability of the firm over the last three years 2. Is the business utilizing cost-saving measures and if so what are they? 3. What is the significance of the services offered to the long term market? 4. Is there plans for expansion and if so what cost strategy has been put in place? 5. Does the organization share any of its resources and capabilities with any other organization? 6. What business level strategy is currently being used ?

25

Copy of ESL Webpage

26

References Barney, J & Hesterly, W (2010) Strategic Management & Competitive Advantage, 3RD Edition Interview with Mr. Felix White, the accountant Questionnaire filled out by Managing Director, Mrs. Eleanor Jones www.eslcaribbean.com

27