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a. Methanol Evaporator
From Energy Balance:
Q = 196.0336 kW
Heat Transfer Area:
Q = UATm
Where: A =heat transfer area
Q = heat transferred
U = over-all heat transfer coefficient
Tm = mean temperature difference
Tm
=
=
;
ln [ /]
(70;60) (65;60)
[ (70;60)/(65;60]
= 7.2135 oC
From Table 6, p.600, Plant Design and Economics
For methanol:
U = 1575.7
196.0336
2;C
A = (1575.7)(7.2135)
A = 17.2469 2
1
1
4
pitch = 1
Di = 1.12 in
17.2469 m2
0.0598 m2
= 289 tubes
Di2
4
(0.0284)2m2
4
= 0.02234 m2
2;
+C
where:
ts = thickness of the plate e= efficiency of the joint
p = internal pressure
C= corrosion allowance
D = internal diameter
P = pressure
Sw = working stress
101325
)
14.7
= 167 755 Pa
Shell Thickness
Type of joint:
Double welded V-butt joint
1
16
(168.6451)(23.62)
e = 0.8 C =
ts =
2(8609.28)(0.8); 168.6451
1
16
= 0.3977 in 0.5 in
Head Design
Using standard ellipsoidal
Consider seamless head concave to pressure
From Eqn 4-5
tH =
+C
2
where: e= seamless head = 1.0
D = diameter of head flange
tH =
(168.6451)(23.62)
2(8609.28)(1.0)
3
0.2938 in
8
1
16
= 664
KJ
s
Btu
184.7450
hr
Shellside: Methanol
Mass flowrate:
Temperature entering:
Temperature leaving:
28.93604
65 oC
60oC
4000
25 oC
32oC
A=
TL
;
ln [/]
TL
(65;60) (32;25)
[ (65;60)/(32;25)]
= 5.9440 oC
1 2
65;60
=
2;1
32;25
2 1
32;25
=
1;1
65;25
= 0.7143
P=
= 0.1750
Ft = 0.99
Tm = FtTL = 5.8846 oC 42.5922 oF
From Figure 14-14, p.648, Plant Design and Economics
For methanol-water:
U = 250-500
;2;
W
Use: 500
= 1575.7 2
;2;
m C
A=
Btu
hr
(500
)(42.5922 F)
2
664 184.7450
= 31.1881 ft2
Use in OD BWG 16
4
Do = 0.75 in 0.0625 ft
L = 4 ft
Di = 0.62 in 0.0517 ft
pitch = 1
4
pitch = 1.25(0.0625 ft) = 0.0781 ft
Properties of cooling water (range from 25 to 32 oC )
From App.14, p.1102, Fig.d-3, p.880, Plant Design and Economics / Unit Operations by McCabe
mean
;2
BTU
0.354
lb F
C mean
= 1 BTU
mean
= 1024.39
kg
m3
Number of Tubes
Area per tube = LDo = () (4 ft) (0.0625 ft) = 0.7854 ft 2
Number of tubes =
31.1881 ft2
0.7854ft2
= 39.7098 40 tubes
Di2
4
(0.0517 ft)2
4
=
= 0.0021 ft2
=
=
Mass
Density
kg
hr
kg
1024.39 3
m
m3
4000
= 3.9048
V, Tubeside velocity
=
m3
hr
0.0078m2
3.9048
= 0.1391
m
s
hr
Q
Area per pass
1 hr
3600 s
Hi =
w
=4354.1210
C;m2
Hi
0.0158 m0.2
m 0.8
)
s
Db = Do( 1 )
From table 12.4 for 2 passes
1 = 0.158
1 = 2.263
1
40 2.263
)
0.158
Db = (0.0625 ft)(
Db = 0.7210 ft
U = 500
Mean Temperature:
Shell side =
;2;
65:60
2
= 62.5 oC
Tube side
32:25
=
2
= 28.5 oC
= 1575.7
W
m2 C
Hi (Ts-Tw) = U (Ts-Tt)
4354.1210
(62.5 oC Tw) = 1575.7 2 (62.5 oC -28.5 oC)
C;m2
m C
Tw =50.1958 OC
Mean temperature of the condensate
50.1958 :62.5
=
2
= 56.3479 oC
Tube loading:
From equation 12.5 R&C
Rh =
Wc
LNt
Where :
Rh = tube loading
Wc = total condensate flow
L = tube length
Nt = total number of tubes
Rh =
4000
kg
hr
(4 ft)(40)
= 25
kg
hr;ft
Db
Do
Nc =
0.0625 ft
= 10.3072 tubes 11 tubes
2
3
Nt = 11 tubes ( )
= 7.3333 tubes 8 tubes