SULIT

4551/3
Biology
Kertas 3
Ogos 2009
1½ jam

SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH

BAHAGIAN PENGURUSAN SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH/ KLUSTER
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SETARA

SPM 2009

BIOLOGI
KERTAS 3
PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN

UNTUK KEGUNAAN PEMERIKSA SAHAJA

Peraturan pemarkahan ini mengandungi 13 halaman bercetak

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© Hak cipta Sekolah Berasrama Penuh, 2009
Mark Scheme Biology Paper 3 (4551/3)-SBP TRIAL 2009 2

1 (a) (i) KB0601 - Observation

Score Criteria
3 Able to state two different observations correctly

Sample answers :
1. In the first draw, a red button is drawn from pouch A and a white button is drawn
from pouch B.
2. In the fifth draw, a white button is drawn from each bag.
(Students can pick any pair from the table but the two pairs must be of different
combinations)

2 Able to state any one observation correctly. or

Able to state any two incomplete observations ( any 2 criteria)

Sample answers:
1. In the first draw, a red button is drawn from pouch A and a white button is drawn
from pouch B.
2. In the second draw, two different buttons are drawn. ( incomplete because the
colour of button is not mention)

1 Able to state any one idea of observation.(any 1criterion)

Sample answers:
1. Two buttons are obtained from each drawn
2. White button is drawn more than red button
3. Different combination of buttons are obtained
4. Same combination of buttons are obtained
Or any other suitable answer.

0 None of the above or no response

1 (a) (ii) [KB0604 - Making inferences]

Score Criteria
3 Able to state two inferences correctly

Sample answer :
1. Pouches A and B contain the same number of red and white buttons, each
button has the same chance of being drawn.
2. The draw is made randomly and every button has the same chance of being
drawn

2 Able to make one logical inference for any one observation or

Able to make one logical and incomplete inference base on one criterion for
each observation.

Sample answer:
1. Pouches A and B contain the same number of red and white buttons.
2. Each button has the same chance of being drawn.
3. The combination of red and white buttons drawn is being influenced by the
number of draws.
Or any suitable answer
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1 Able to make an idea of inference with one criterion.

Sample answers
1. There are 20 draws.
2. Pouch A and pouch B have buttons // more than one type of buttons

Or any other suitable answer

0 Not able to response or wrong response.

( Hypothesis statement is not accepted )

Sample answers :
No matter what is the number of draws, the ratio of phenotypes always gives the
ratio of 3 red flowers to 1 white flower

1(b) KB061001 – Controlling Variables

Variable Method to handle the variable

Pemboleh ubah
Manipulated variable:
Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan
Number of draws
Cara mengendali pemboleh ubah
Make // Take twenty different draws and one button
each time from each pouch and return it back.

Responding variable:
Pembolehubah bergerak balas
Combination of colours of the
button drawn
Observe and record the combination of colours in each
draw.
( Observed and record – verb )

Constant variable:
Pembolehubah dimalarkan

The number of red and white Fix each pouch with 50 of red and 50 of white buttons /
buttons/ take one button from fix the number of buttons taken out from each pouch
each pouch each time

Score Criteria
3 All 6 ticks
2 4 to 5 ticks
1 2 to 3 ticks
0 None of the above or no response

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Mark Scheme Biology Paper 3 (4551/3)-SBP TRIAL 2009 4

1(c) KB0611- Making Hypothesis

Score Criteria
3 Able to state a hypothesis to show a relationship between the manipulated variable
and responding variable and the hypothesis can be validated, based on 3 criteria:
• manipulated variable – the number of draws
• responding variable – ratio of phenotypes
• relationship – no matter what ….. always // after ….. must be

Sample answer :
1. No matter what is the number of draws, the ratio of the phenotype always 3 red
flowers to 1 white flower
2. After twenty draws the ratio of the phenotypes must be 3 red flowers to 1 white
flower
2 Able to state less accurate hypothesis to show a relationship between manipulated
variable and responding variable base on 2 criteria.

Sample answer:
1. The ratio of the phenotype always 3 red flowers to 1 white flower
2. After twenty draws the ratio of phenotypes is 3 to 1
1 Able to state idea of hypothesis to show a relationship between manipulated
variable and responding variable base on 1 criterion.

Sample answer:
1. Ratio of the phenotypes is always the same
2. There are twenty draws / There are different draws
0 None of above or no response

1 (d) (i) KB0603 – Measuring Using Number

Score Criteria
3 Genotype Phenotype
genotip fenotip
Rr Red
Rr Red
Rr Red
Rr Red
rr White
Rr Red
RR Red
RR Red
rr White
rr White
Rr Red
RR Red
rr White
Rr Red
rr White
Rr Red
Rr Red
RR Red
RR Red
Rr Red
Able to record all the genotypes and phenotypes in pairs correctly
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2 Able to record 15 - 19 genotypes and phenotypes in pairs correctly

1 Able to record 10 - 14 genotypes and phenotypes in pairs correctly
0 Able to record less than 10 genotypes and phenotypes in pairs correctly, no
response or wrong response.

1(d) (ii) KB0606 – Communicating

Score Criteria
3 Able to calculate and find the smallest ratio of the phenotypes
Sample answers:
Red flower : White flower
15 : 5
3 : 1

2 Able to write down the ratio of the phenotypes

Sample answers:
Red flower : White flower
15 : 5

1 Able to write down the value of the phenotypes only

Sample answers:
15 : 5

0 None of above or no response

1(e) KB0607 – Space and time relationship

Score Criteria
3 Able to draw a genetic diagram with 3 criteria:

First criteria : Title of the genetic diagram ( Parents phenotypes,

genotypes and gametes, F1 phenotypes, F1 genotypes and
gametes, and F1 phenotypes ratio )
Second criteria : Write down F1 genotypes
Third criteria : Ratio 3 : 1
Sample answer:

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2 Able to draw genetic diagram with any 2 criteria

1 Able to draw genetic diagram with any 1 criterion
0 None of above or no response

1(f) KB0608 – Interpreting Data

Score Criteria
3 Able to state clearly and accurately the relationship between the number of draws
and phenotypes ratio based on the criteria:
• P1- The bigger the number of draws
• P2- phenotypic ratio of 3:1

Sample answer:
1. The bigger the number of draws, the more likely it is to get the phenotypic ratio
of 3:1
2. The smaller the number of draws, the less likely it is to get the phenotypic ratio
of 3:1

2 Able to state clearly but less accurate the relationship between the number of
draws and phenotypes ratio.

Sample answer:
1. Phenotypic ratio 3 : 1 depend on the number of draws
2. The bigger the number of draws, the less likely it is to get the phenotypic ratio of
3:1

1 Able to state the idea of the relationship .

Sample answer:
1. Phenotypic ratio is 3 : 1
2. Phenotypic ratio is influence by the number of draws

0 None of above or no response

(g) KB0609 - Define operationally

Score Criteria
3 Able to define operationally Mendel’s First Law of Inheritance based on the result
of the experiment with the 3 following aspects :
• During the formation of gamete, the pair of red and white buttons ( Rr )
• will be separated
• only one of the button // only R allele or r allele will be found / carried in
each gamete.

Sample answer:
The colours of flower is controlled by a pair of alleles represented by R, for red
button and r, for white button. During the formation of gamete, the pair of red and
white buttons ( Rr ) will be separated only one of the buttons // only R allele or r
allele will be found / carried in each gamete.

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2 Able to state Mendel’s First Law of Inheritance base on 2 following aspects.

Sample answer:
The pair of red and white button ( Rr ) will be separate only one of the button //
only R allele or r allele will be found / carry in each gamete.

1 Able to state the idea of Mendel’s First Law of Inheritance base on 1 following
aspects.

Sample answer:
The colours of flower is controlled by a pair of alleles represented by R, for red
button and r, for white button.

0 None of above or no response

(h) KB0605 – Predicting

Score Criteria
3 Able to predict the result accurately base on 3 criteria.
• The phenotypic ratio
• Fact
• Explain the result

Sample answer:

The phenotypic ratio will not be // will not likely be 3:1.

F : The less accurate result is due to
E : the lesser draws of the button.

2 Able to predict the result less accurate base on 2 criteria.

Sample answer:
The less accurate result is due to the lesser draws of the button.

1 Able to give idea of the result or base on 1 criteria.

Sample answer:
The phenotypic ratio will be 3:1.

0 None of above or no response

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(i) KB0602 – Classifying

Score Criteria
3 Able to classify all material and function correctly.

Sample answer :

Material Function
Red buttons The red alleles
White button The white allele
Pouch A and B Nucleus / chromosome
Pair of button drawn Genotype/ phenotype of offspring
2 Able to classify 3 pairs correctly

1 Able to classify 2 pairs correctly

0 Able to classify 1 pairs or none of above or no response.

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Question 2
KB061201 Problem Statement
Score Criteria
3 Able to state the problem statement of the experiment correctly that include criteria:
  Manipulate variables – change in pH value
 Responding variables – population growth rate of Lemna sp.
 Relationship in question form and question symbol [?]

Sample answers:
1. Does the change in pH value affect the population growth rate of Lemna sp
plants.?
2. What is the effect of change in pH value on the population growth rate of Lemna
sp.?
3. Which pH value is the most suitable for the increase in population of Lemna sp.?

2 Able to state the problem statement of the experiment with two criteria.

Sample answers:
1. Does the pH affect the population growth rate of Lemna sp. plants?
2. What is the effect of pH on the population growth rate of Lemna sp.?
3. What is the effect of pH value on the population / growth of Lemna sp.?
4. What is the effect of change in pH value on the population growth rate of Lemna
sp.
5. Which pH is suitable to increase in population of Lemna sp.?

1 Able to state the of problem statement with one criteria.


Sample answers:
Does the pH affect the population / growth of Lemna sp. plants?
2. What is the effect of pH on the population / growth of Lemna sp. plants?

0 Wrong or no response
x

Objective of investigation
Score Criteria
 To investigate the effect of change in pH value on the population growth rate of
Lemna sp. plants.

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KB061202 Hypothesis
Score Criteria
3 Able to state the hypothesis correctly according to the criteria:
  Manipulate variables
 Responding variables
 Relationship of the variables

Sample answers:
1. The pH 7 is the most suitable for the increase in population of Lemna sp. plants
compared to pH 2 and pH 14.
2. The population growth rate of Lemna sp. plants is the highest in the pH 7
compared to pH 2 and pH 14.

2 Able to state the hypothesis with two criteria


Sample answers:
1. Neutral medium is the most suitable for the increase in population of Lemna sp.
plants compared to acidic and alkali mediums.
2. The population growth rate of Lemna sp. plants is the highest in neutral medium
compared to acidic and alkali mediums.

1 Able to state the idea of the hypothesis.


Sample answers:
1. Neutral medium is the most suitable for the increase in population of Lemna sp.
plants.
2. The population growth rate of Lemna sp. plants is the highest in neutral medium.

0 Wrong or no response
x

Variables
Score Criteria
 Able to state the three variables correctly

Sample answers:
Manipulated variable: Different pH value / pH 2, pH 7 and pH 14
Responding variable: The population growth rate of Lemna sp. plants.
// The increase in population of Lemna sp. plants.
Controlled variable: Species of Lemna sp. // plant / volume of water /
concentration of nutrients / temperature / light intensity
/ time

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KB061205 Materials and Apparatus

Score Criteria
3 Able to state all functional materials / 2*materials + 1*apparatus
 + 4 other materials and apparatus for the experiment.
Materials: *Lemna sp. plants, *distilled water / dilute hydrochloric acid /
sodium hydroxide solution, culture solution / pond water.
Apparatus: *Beaker // petri dish // container, measuring cylinder, pH paper /
meter.
2 Able to state all functional materials / 2*materials + 1*apparatus
 + 2 other materials and apparatus for the experiment.

1 Able to state all functional materials / 2*materials + 1*apparatus for the experiment.

0 Cannot state the functional materials and apparatus.
x

Technique
Score Criteria
 Able to state the action on responding variable with an apparatus.

Bonus Sample answer:

1m Count and record the number of Lemna sp. after 5 days.
Or
Calculate the population growth rate of Lemna sp. by using a formula :
The population growth rate of Lemna sp. = Number of Lemna sp.
5 days

KB061204 Procedure
Score Criteria
3 Able to state five procedures P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 correctly.
 P1 : Preparation of materials & apparatus (3P1)
P2 : Operating fixed variable (3P2)
P3 : Operating manipulated variable (1P3)
P4: Operating responding variable (2P4)
P5 : Precaution (1P5)

2 Able to state three of any procedures P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 correctly

1 Able to state two of any procedures P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 correctly

0 Able to state one of any procedures P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 correctly


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Example of Procedure:
1. Choose Lemna sp. plants of the same size. P1
P1 P2 P2 P2
2. Choose // take three petri dishes of the same size. P1
P1 P2 P2
3. Label the petri dishes as A, B and C. P1
P1
4. Pour 5 ml of distilled water into petri dish A, 5 ml of hydrochloric acid into petri P1
dish P2
P1 P2 P3 P2 P3 P3
B and 5 ml of sodium hydroxide solution into petri dish C.
P2R P3
5. Test the pH value of each solution using pH paper (and record in a table). P1
P3 P1 P3
6. Pour 5 ml of culture solution / pond water into each petri dish. P1
P1 P2 P2 P2
7. Put 5 Lemna sp. plants into each petri dish. P1
P1 P2 P2
8. Record in a table. P1
P1
9. Place the petri dishes on the table / near the window in the laboratory. P1
P1 P2 P2
10. Change the solution in the petri dishes everyday. P5
P5
11. Count the number of Lemna sp. plants after 5 days. P2
P4 P2 P4
12. Calculate the population growth rate of Lemna sp. plants. P4
P4
13. Repeat the experiment / steps 1 until 11 to get the average result. P5
P5
14. Observe and record the result. P4
P4 P4

Data
Score Criteria
 Able to tabulate the correct table with headings and units

Bonus Sample answers:

1m Number of Lemna sp. plants The population growth
pH value rate of Lemna sp.
Increase / plants (number/ 5 days)
Day-1 Day-5
Decrease
Neutral
Asidic
Alkali

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Conclusion
Score Criteria
 Able to rewrite the hypothesis correctly.

Sample answers:
The pH 7 is the most suitable for the increase in population of Lemna sp. plants
compared to pH 2 and pH 14. (Hypothesis is accepted).

KB061203 Planning the Experiment

Score Criteria
3 Able to plan the experiment based on 7 – 9 (  ) of the following criteria:
 Statement of identified problem
 Objective of study
 Variables
 Statement of hypothesis
 List of materials and apparatus
 Technique used
 Experimental procedures
 Presentation of data
 Conclusion
2 Able to plan the experiment based on 4 – 6 (  ) of the criteria.

1 Able to plan the experiment based on 1 – 3 (  ) of the criteria.

0 No response
x

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