Lecture 6

PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
PHYS1171 - Forces and Motion
Lecture 6 - Tension
Dr. Tim McIntyre
The University of Queensland
Semester 1, 2013
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Review - force diagrams
Draw separate force diagrams for the two blocks shown in each
diagram when touching. Identify any action-reaction pairs that
exist in your diagrams.
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Lecture 6 - Tension
Todays lecture covers
Tension in a string
Objects connected by strings in static
situations
Preparation
Read Five Minute Physics -
Lecture 6 - Tension
Reference
Biological Physics (2010), Section 2.3 (review)
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Reading Quiz (assessed)
Which of the following is false?
1 Tension is a stretching force on a cable
2 The tension force in a cable only acts along
the direction of the cable
3 The tension force is transmitted unchanged
along the length of the cable
4 A pulley changes the direction and magnitude
of the force in the cable
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Tension
A force applied to a string results in a tension in the string
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Tension
For a massless (very light) string, the tension is constant along
the string
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Pulley
A pulley changes the direction of the tension, but not its
magnitude
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Question...
You tie a rope to a tree and pull on the end with a force of 100
N. The tension in the rope is
1 0 N
2 50 N
3 100 N
4 200 N
5 400 N
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Question...
Two tug of war teams each pull with a force of 100 N on each
end of a rope. The tension in the rope is
1 0 N
2 50 N
3 100 N
4 200 N
5 400 N
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Question...
Two people attempt to test the breaking strength of a steel
cable. The best approach to break it would be to . . .
1 Have one person pull at each end
2 Tie the rope to a tree and both pull
from the same end
3 Either will do - both of the above
are equivalent
4 Bite through it with their teeth
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Example - Russell Traction System
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Example - Russell Traction System
A Russell traction system as shown in the accompanying
diagram is used to keep an injured leg under tension. If the
mass of the leg to be supported is 3.0 kg, what weight should
be used so that only a horizontal force is applied along the leg?
How big is this force?
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Example - Russell Traction System
A Russell traction system as shown in the accompanying diagram is used to keep an injured leg under
tension. If the mass of the leg to be supported is 3.0 kg, what weight should be used so that only a
horizontal force is applied along the leg? How big is this force?
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Example - Russell Traction System
A Russell traction system as shown in the accompanying diagram is used to keep an injured leg under
tension. If the mass of the leg to be supported is 3.0 kg, what weight should be used so that only a
horizontal force is applied along the leg? How big is this force?
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
Lecture 6
PHYS1171
Introduction
Reading
Theory
Questions
Example
Summary
Summing Up
After this lecture you should . . .
Understand the concept of tension in a string
Be capable of solving problems involving static objects
connected by strings
Supplementary Questions Biological Physics (2010)
None
Next lecture
Read Five Minute Physics -
Lecture 7 - Introduction to Kinematics
PHYS1171 Lecture 6
0
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90
1 1enslon ls a "sLreLchlng" force on a
cable
2 1he Lenslon force ln a cable only acLs
along Lhe dlrecuon of Lhe cable
3 1he Lenslon force ls Lransmlued
unchanged along Lhe lengLh of Lhe cable
4 A pulley changes Lhe dlrecuon and
magnlLude of Lhe force ln Lhe cable
Whlch of Lhe followlng ls false?
!
0
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40
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60
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90
100
1 0n 2 30n 3 100n 4 200n 3 400n
?ou ue a rope Lo a Lree and pull on Lhe end wlLh a force of 100 n. 1he Lenslon
ln Lhe rope ls
!
0
10
20
30
40
30
60
70
1 0n 2 30n 3 100n 4 200n 3 400n
1wo Lug of war Leams each pull wlLh a force of 100 n on each end of a rope.
1he Lenslon ln Lhe rope ls
0
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30
40
30
60
70
80
1 0n 2 30n 3 100n 4 200n
1wo Lug of war Leams each pull wlLh a force of 100 n on each end of a rope.
1he Lenslon ln Lhe rope ls (repeaL)
!
0
10
20
30
40
30
60
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1 Pave one person pull aL each end 2 1le Lhe rope Lo a Lree and boLh pull
fromLhe same end
3 LlLher wlll do - boLh of Lhe above are
equlvalenL
4 8lLe Lhrough lL wlLh Lhelr LeeLh
1wo people auempL Lo LesL Lhe breaklng sLrengLh of a sLeel cable. 1he besL
approach Lo break lL would be Lo
!