2/26/2012 11:25:00 AM Toluene Disproportionation the process chemistry and alternative chemical routes to your product.

the uses and applications for the product including product markets. the chemicals (reactants, solvents etc.) required and their sources. the physical properties of all chemicals required (Boiling point, melting point, solubility of one component in another, miscibility of components...) thermodynamics of reaction(s) (are they endothermic, exothermic? Heats of reaction). types of unit operation required to carry out the process. Alkylated aromatics are transalkylated to produce benzene and alkylated benzenes. An example of such a method is the Tatoray process. In this process, toluene or toluene and C9 aromatics are converted to benzene and xylenes. 2C6H5CH3 --------------> C6H6 + C6H4(CH3)2 C6H5 + C6H3(CH3)3 -------------> 2C6H4(CH3)2 The toluene is sent to a separator to remove gases. The product stream is then sent through clay towers which separate the benzene, toluene, and xylene using distillation. Unreacted toluene is also recycled. Highly pure benzene and xylenes are produced. If the feed is C9 and C10 aromatics, a mix of benzene, toluene and xylenes is produced and the yield for the benzene is lower. Product Uses9,10,11,12,13,14 Due to the potential hazards of this material, benzene is no longer used in appreciable quantity as a solvent and has not been used as an industrial solvent for decades. However, it is found in motor fuels and is used extensively as a chemical building block for the production of many important industrial compounds, such as: Ethylbenzene and styrene used to manufacture polystyrene plastics, engineering plastics, and synthetic rubber Cumene and phenol used to make phenolic resins like epoxies, polycarbonate, and more

Cyclohexane used to make nylon products Nitrobenzene and aniline used to make dyes, polyurethanes, etc. Alkylbenzenes used to make detergents Chlorobenzenes and other intermediates used to produce pharmaceuticals, specialty chemicals, plastics, glazing materials, resins, dyes, and pesticides Benzene has also found limited application in medicine for the treatment of certain blood disorders and in veterinary medicine as a disinfectant.
The market demand for benzene, as a proportion of total BTX, is higher than the proportion of benzene in typical BTX products. Conversion of toluene and, to a lesser extent, xylenes, is practiced by two basic techniques: (1) Hydrodealkylation which involves stripping the methyl groups from toluene or xylenes to produce benzene and methane e.g. Detol, Litol and Pyrotol processes); and (2) Toluene disproportionation - although not purely dealkylation - is also included benzene. under this heading as a discretionary method of producing The toluene is converted to benzene and xylenes in this process.

Toluene disproportionation is a chemical transformation which involves the productionbenzene through

2/26/2012 11:25:00 AM

2/26/2012 11:25:00 AM