1 HOMEWORK 2 Name: NIZEYIMANA Jean Paul Andrew ID: jnizeyim Course: ICT policy Assignment 2 The paper by L. or!

ar" an" #. Pe$er%& 'rom $he Zain (roup& en$i$le" )Impac$ o' E''ec$i*e +e,ula$ion on In*e%$men$- an In*e%$or.% Per%pec$i*e) !a% publi%he" by $he IT/ in 0112. I$ repre%en$e" impor$an$ 'ac$or% $ha$ in*e%$or% mu%$ con%i"er in $he ICT %ec$or e%pecially in $elecommunica$ion%. E*en $hou,h $he ar$icle a""re%%e" i%%ue% a$ $he $ime o' $he ,lobal economic cri%i%& many poin$% are %$ill rele*an$ $o"ay par$icularly 'or +!an"a !hich con$inue% $o $ry $o a$$rac$ in*e%$or% in $he ICT %ec$or. 1. Key on e!ts !resented or addressed in t"e !a!er The paper pre%en$e" $he impac$ o' %ome e*en$% a$ $he $ime 301145 %uch a% economic cri%i% on in*e%$men$ ac$i*i$y $o be con%i"ere" by $elecommunica$ion% in*e%$or% an" opera$or%. In*e%$or% ha" $!o op$ion% a,ain%$ %uch e*en$%& ei$her %cale" bac6 $heir in*e%$men$ or %ome coul" *ie! $ha$ a% an oppor$uni$y an" in*e%$. The au$hor% %ho!e" ho! ha*in, an e''ec$i*e re,ula$ion coul" 'acili$a$e in*e%$men$ in ,eneral an" in $he $elecommunica$ion% %ec$or in par$icular. The au$hor% ou$line" %ome in*e%$men$ cri$eria in*e%$or% in ICT %ec$or %houl" con%i"er in rela$ion $o re,ula$ion& %uch a% $he in"epen"ence o' $he re,ula$or& $ran%parency o' $he re,ula$ory proce%%& e$c. They al%o %peci'ie" %ome re,ula$ory ri%6 'ac$or% a% !ell a% impe"imen$% %uch a% $he o*erall $ran%parency o' $he re,ula$ory 'rame!or6& licen%in, re,ime& re,ula$ory 'ee% an" $a7a$ion& uni*er%al %er*ice 'un"& e$c. 819 2. #essons $earned and t"e a!!$i ation o% t"ese in t"e onte&t o% Rwanda or EAC In $hi% paper& $here !ere many le%%on% 'or in*e%$or% an" policy ma6er% $ha$ are rele*an$ 'or $he ICT %ec$or in +!an"a an" $he EAC. Le%%on% learne" inclu"e" $he cri$eria 'or in*e%$in, in ICT in ,eneral an" $elecommunica$ion% in par$icular an" !ha$ !oul" be $he impac$ o' economic cri%i% or ri%6% on our in*e%$men$. Al$hou,h i$ !a% a ,oo" $hin, $o con%i"er %ome e*en$% %uch a% economic cri%i% be'ore in*e%$in,& :e learne" $ha$ $hi% coul" be al%o a ,oo" oppor$uni$y 'or in*e%$or% 'rom a $imin, per%pec$i*e& $o in*e%$ in %elec$e" mar6e$% a$ a %i,ni'ican$ly re"uce" premium.

0 In +!an"a& no! !e ha*e %e*eral %er*ice pro*i"er% compare" $o $he pa%$. Telecom in*e%$or% no! %ee $he oppor$uni$y $o in*e%$ in +!an"a becau%e i% no! a !orl" cla%% ICT in'ra%$ruc$ure& ha% a %$ron, ; *i%ionary lea"er%hip& e$c. I $hin6 +!an"an ICT policy an" re,ula$ion% ha*e $rie" $o 'acili$a$e $elecommunica$ion% in*e%$or% bu$ $here are o$her $hin,% li6e con$en$ "e*elopmen$ an" <P=.% $ha$ ha*e been i"en$i'ie" a% po$en$ial ne! in*e%$men$%. There i% a nee" o' e''ec$i*e re,ula$ion% $ha$ a""re%% $he chan,in, nee"% o' $he hi,h>$ech& ICT %ec$or a% analyze" by $he au$hor%. '. Criti a$ ana$ysis o% t"e arti $e ?rom $he ar$icle @+!an"a $o %ho!ca%e in*e%$men$ oppor$uni$ie% in $he ICT %ec$or a$ IT/ Telecom :orl" 011AB& 809 $he +!an"an ICT mini%$er %ho!e" $he oppor$uni$ie% 'or in*e%$men$% in ICT in +!an"a. #e %ai" $ha$ +!an"a i% mi7imizin, $he u%e o' ICT in $ran%'ormin, +!an"an %ocie$y an" ma6in, +!an"an li*e% be$$er. A$ $hi% e*en$ "i''eren$ ICT projec$% !ere pre%en$e" $o a$$rac$ in*e%$or%& $he%e projec$% inclu"e C( LTE& !hich i% bein, implemen$e" by Dorea Telecom bu$ reEuire% in*e%$men$ in "e*elopmen$ o' applica$ion% an" con$en$. +ebecca :anji6u 8A9 in her ar$icle @A'rica $o a$$rac$ more ICT in*e%$men$ in 011CB %ai" $ha$ @In*e%$men$% in ICT are e7pec$e" $o increa%e in 011C in A'rica a% bo$h public an" pri*a$e %pen"in, ri%e% an" local con$en$ bu%ine%%e% par$ner !i$h lar,er opera$or% an" $ech companie%B. Thi% !a% no$ *ery "i''eren$ 'rom $he $!o paper% e*en i' one i% more up"a$e" $han $he o$her 30112 an" 011A5. Fhe %$a$e" $ha$ ne! re,ula$ion% !ill reEuire companie% $o in*e%$ in more a"*ance" IT %er*ice%& %uch a% 'inancial %er*ice%& $elecommunica$ion an" o$her%. In $hi% ar$icle& :anji6u %ho!e" !ha$ !oul" a$$rac$ $he in*e%$or% in A'ricaG %he ci$e" projec$% bein, implemen$e" by %ome coun$rie% li6e Denya& +!an"a& (hana& e$c. The%e projec$% inclu"e" in*e%$men$ in ICT in'ra%$ruc$ure& be$$er ,o*ernance an" e''ec$i*e re,ula$ory a% !ell a% ,oo" policie% 'or ,o*ernance $ha$ !oul" %uppor$ bo$h $he in*e%$or% an" $he people o' $he coun$rie% men$ione". The a"op$ion o' "i''eren$ %er*ice% %uch a% clou" %er*ice% a% !ell a% ha*in, an e''ec$i*e re,ula$ion proce%% by +!an"a !oul" be $he main oppor$uni$y $o a$$rac$ in*e%$or% e%pecially in $elecommunica$ion%. E*en $hou,h $he ar$icle a""re%%e" i%%ue% a$ $he $ime o' $he ,lobal economic cri%i%& many poin$% are %$ill rele*an$ $o"ay par$icularly 'or +!an"a !hich con$inue% $o $ry $o a$$rac$ in*e%$or% in $he ICT %ec$or.

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A 819 L. or!ar" an" #. Pe$er%& )Impac$ o' E''ec$i*e +e,ula$ion on In*e%$men$- an In*e%$or.% Per%pec$i*e) Zain (roup& 0112 809 (o+& @+!an"a $o %ho!ca%e in*e%$men$ oppor$uni$ie% in $he ICT %ec$or a$ IT/ Telecom :orl"B& a*ailable online a$ h$$p-HH!!!.,o*.r!H+!an"a>$o>%ho!ca%e>in*e%$men$>oppor$uni$ie%>in>$he>ICT>%ec$or> a$>IT/>Telecom>:orl">011A re$rie*e" on 01 January 011C 8A9 +ebecca :anji6u& @A'rica $o a$$rac$ more ICT in*e%$men$ in 011CB& TechA"*i%or& 011A