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Subway Ride
In Big Dig (pp. 14-15), you read about the construction of a new subway line beneath the ground in
New York City. A map showing the new lines route and station stops is below. Use the map to answer
questions about navigating Manhattans Second Avenue line once it is completed.
MAP READING
Name: ______________________________________ Date: _________________
Visit www.scholastic.com/superscience SuperScience kevember{0ecember 2013
1. Which body of water does the T line
run near?
___________________________________
2. You board an uptown (northbound)
train at 34th 5treet and get eII
five stops later. What is your final
destination station?
___________________________________
3. You want to take the T train to the stop
closest to the World Trade Center. At
which stop would you get off?
___________________________________
4. You board a downtown (southbound)
train at 23rd 5treet. Bew many steps
do you need to pass before getting off
at Chatham Square?
___________________________________
5. You exit the east side of Central Park at
72nd 5treet. You need to transfer to a
Brooklyn-bound D train at Grand Street.
Write step-by-step directions on how
you would do this using the new T line.
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
MANHATTAN
T
BRONX
QUEENS
BROOKLYN
E
a
s
t

R
i
v
e
r
H
u
d
s
o
n

R
i
v
e
r
CENTRAL
PARK
TIMES
SQUARE
WORLD
TRADE
CENTER
125 ST
116 ST
106 ST
96 ST
86 ST
72 ST
55 ST
42 ST
34 ST
23 ST
14 ST
HOUSTON ST
GRAND ST
CHATHAM
SQUARE
SEAPORT
HANOVER
SQUARE
T
0 1 MI
0 1 KM
T
Subway line
Station with
a connection
Station without
a connection
MAP: JIM MCMAHON
SOURCE: METROPOLITAN TRANSIT AUTHORITY
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Problem Solved!
In Robot Zoo (pp. 10-13), you read about how some engineers come up with new designs by copying
things in nature. Did you know that the inspiration for Velcro came from the way the burrs from some
plants stick to your clothing? Now its your turn to become an inventor. Use the space below to describe
your own invention based on something youve observed in nature.
NGSS: ENGINEERING
Name: ______________________________________ Date: _________________
Visit www.scholastic.com/superscience SuperScience kevember{0ecember 2013
Your invention: Organism that your invention is based on:
Trait that inspired you:
How your invention works:
Illustration of your invention:
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READING A CHART
Name: ______________________________________ Date: _________________
Visit www.scholastic.com/superscience SuperScience kevember{0ecember 2013
Time of the Dinosaurs
0inesaurs that yeu read abeut in this issue's artic|e "0inesaur Ier 0inner?" |ived during the Mesezeic
(meh-zuh-Z0B-ihk) era. 1hat era |asted mere than 180 mi||ien years and is separated inte three perieds.
5tudy the chart be|ew te |earn abeut each eI the perieds. 1hen answer the questiens that Ie||ew.
Periods of the Mesozoic Era
PERIOD
Examples of Dinosaurs
From That Period
Description What Earth Was Like
Triassic

251 million to
200 million years ago
The doglike, meat-eating
Cynognathus; the long-
necked, plant-eating
Plateosaurus
The rst dinosaurs appeared
near the end of this period.
Continents were
joined together in one
supercontinent called
Pangaea (pan-JEE-uh).
Jurassic

200 million to
146 million years ago
The large, meat-eating
Allosaurus; Stegosaurus, a
plant eater known for the
bony plates along its back
Many new types of dinos
appeared, as did the rst
birds.
Pangaea began to separate
into two parts.
Cretaceous

146 million to
65 million years ago
The two-legged meat eater
Tyrannosaurus rex; the
horned, four-legged plant
eater Triceratops
All dinosaurs became extinct
at the end of this period
possibly because of an
asteroid that struck Earth.
The continents began to
look as they do today.
1. Bew |eng did the |urassic peried |ast? _____________________________________________________________________
2. Appreximate|y hew many years age did dinesaurs beceme extinct? ______________________________________
3. kame ene thing yeu can |earn abeut Plateosaurus by |eeking at the inIermatien en the chart.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Bew are the centinents teday diIIerent Irem what they |eeked |ike during the 1riassic peried?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Cempare and centrast the Tyrannosaurus rex and Triceratops. Bew were they the same? Bew were
they diIIerent?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
SOURCE: Grolier Online
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READING COMPREHENSION
Name: ______________________________________ Date: _________________
Visit www.scholastic.com/superscience SuperScience kevember{0ecember 2013
No-Sweat Bubble Test
0irectiens: Read artic|e "5aIer 5|epes" (pp. 4-7), then determine the best answer Ier each questien
be|ew. Cemp|ete|y Ii|| in the bubb|e next te the best answer.
1. What Ierce pu||s a snewbearder teward the
greund during a jump?
friction
momentum
drag
gravity
5. Bew are the |anding pad's twe air-h||ed
chambers diIIerent?
One is sealed and the other is not.
Theyre different shapes and sizes.
One is coated in ice and the other is not.
Theyre lled with different gases.
2. Which is a geed dehnitien eI the werd
paralyze?
to damage the neck
to break a bone
to make unable to move
to twist the spine
6. What type eI ebject gains mementum mere
quick|y?
a faster, heavier object
a slower, heavier object
a faster, lighter object
a slower, lighter object
10. Which sentence 51 represents the main
idea eI this artic|e?
New snowboard designs allow for the
development of new stunts.
Snowboarding is one of the most dangerous
sports.
The landing pad is being used by Olympians.
A new device helps snowboarders practice
stunts more safely.
9. What is the purpese eI the |anding pad?
to cushion the landing of a snowboarder
to help a snowboarder lift off the ramp
to help a snowboarder gain momentum
to create friction to slow a snowboard
3. 1he inventers eI the Kata| Landing Pad are
_____.
astronomers
geologists
physicists
engineers
7. 1he designers eI the |anding pad had te ever-
ceme a|| eI the Ie||ewing preb|ems XCP1:
getting the landing pads shape right
making the pad blend in with the snow
cushioning snowboarders when they land
creating a surface that is slick
4. tn the artic|e, Ia||ing en the |anding pad was
cempared with Ia||ing en a _____.
cotton ball
pile of leaves
pillow
stuffed animal
8. 1he trajectory eI an ebject in hight Ie||ews
a(n) _____ path.
straight upward
curved angled
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Snow Safety
A double-entry journal is below. Sentences from this months cover story, Safer Slopes (pages 4-7), are
in the left-hand column. As you read the story, write your reactions, including comments or questions,
in the right-hand column. We did the first one for you. In the last row, choose another sentence from the
article, then write your reaction.
MONITORING
Name: ______________________________________ Date: _________________
Visit www.scholastic.com/superscience SuperScience kevember{0ecember 2013
From the Article My Reaction
While recovering after the accident, Coret had an
idea for protecting snowboarders, at least while
theyre practicing. (paragraph 2)
!"#$ &'$(&)&'* "+," -.)/" "0)'/1 , (/)$.',2
"),*/13 &'". , ().4/5" ". +/2( ."+/)$6
By the time the snowboarder nears a jump, he or
she has enough momentum to overpower gravity
and go flying through the air! (paragraph 4)
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
When a snowboarder lands on the landing pad, it
absorbs the impact. Its like falling on a pillow!
(paragraph 5)
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Coret and Slen made the landing pad out of a
slippery type of plastic called vinyl. (paragraph 8)
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
All kinds of snowboarders, from beginners to
Olympians, now use the landing pad to perfect
tricks. (paragraph 10)
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Im still pursuing my passion, just in a different
way, Coret says. (paragraph 11)
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
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All the Write Reasons
Authors have a variety of purposes for writing. They may want to entertain readers with an exciting,
sad, or funny story. They may want to inform readers about a particular topic. Or, they may want to
persuade readers to agree with their own beliefs and opinions.
The paragraphs below are all about dinosaursthe topic of this months story, Dinosaur for Dinner?
(pages 8-9). Read each paragraph and decide what the authors purpose is. Write E for entertain, I for
inform, or P for persuade on the short line. Then write a sentence explaining how you reached your
answer.
IDENTIFYING AUTHORS PURPOSE
Name: ______________________________________ Date: _________________
Visit www.scholastic.com/superscience SuperScience kevember{0ecember 2013
______ 1. Bringing dinosaurs back to life is too dangerous to consider, even if the technology to do so
were to be developed. Humans shouldnt meddle with nature once an animal species goes
extinct.
My explanation: ______________________________________________________________________________
______ 2. Ellie loves dinosaurs so much that she dressed up as a stegosaurus for Halloween ve times in
a row! Last year, she won the school costume contest.
My explanation: ______________________________________________________________________________
______ 3. Biologist Robert Reisz discovered a dinosaur that likely had a toothache. Reisz found signs
of disease when he X-rayed the dinos skull. Several teeth were gone and part of the jaw had
eroded. The animal probably had a painful dental infection.
My explanation: ______________________________________________________________________________
______ 4. I believe that all dinosaur fossils should belong to museums and research facilities within the
country where the fossils are discovered. Fossils shouldnt be sold to private collectors. Please
sign my petition to make this happen.
My explanation: ______________________________________________________________________________
______ 5. Roger carefully brushed a layer of dust and dirt off the partially buried bone. He had a hunch
that the bone belonged to a dinosaur species that had never been found before. He couldnt be
sure until more of the skeleton was uncovered. Either way, the nd was big.
My explanation: ______________________________________________________________________________
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Natures Copycats
Read Robot Zoo (pp. 10-13), a nonfiction article about new technologies that were inspired by nature.
Read the passage below to learn about how an engineer solved a problem related to a new mode of
transportation. Use information from both articles to answer the questions that follow.
PAIRED TEXTS
Name: ______________________________________ Date: _________________
Visit www.scholastic.com/superscience SuperScience kevember{0ecember 2013
1. What preb|em did bu||et-train engineer iji kakatsu need te hx? _________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Can kakatsu's adjustments te the bu||et train's design be censidered biemimicry? xp|ain. _______________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Using inIermatien Irem beth artic|es, |ist twe specihc anima|s' adaptatiens that have served as inspiratien
for technology.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
4. What is the meaning of the word stealth? ________________________________________________________
5. Which piece of technology mentioned in Robot Zoo or Too-Loud Train has the power to help the most
peep|e? xp|ain yeur answer.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Too-Loud Train
Engineer Eiji Nakatsu helped design Japans world-renowned bullet trains. These high-speed
trains are among the worlds fastest. They zoom along tracks connecting many of Japans major
cities at speeds reaching 320 km/h (200 mph)! But when they were first designed, there was one big
problem: The trains made a thunderlike boom when they entered tunnels. This occurred because
of the change in air pressure. People living around the tunnels complained about the noise. Booms
occurred as trains passed through several times a day.
Nakatsu was stumped for a solution. Then he thought about the hunting tactics of a bird called
the kingfisher. Sitting as still as a statue onshore, it waits for its prey in nearby waters. When the
bird spots some fish, it dives into the water. It enters without making a sound despite the change
in pressure as it goes from the air to water. Nakatsu realized what gives the kingfisher its power of
stealtha knife-shaped beak. The beak cuts into the water, allowing for a silent entrance.
Nakatsu incorporated the shape into the design of the bullet train. Now the current generation
of trains have a nose like a kingfishers beak. The new design works great: The trains are quieter
through tunnels, faster, and more efficient.
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The Rock Cycle
There are three main types of rocks: igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. Rocks constantly change
from one type to another. This is known as the rock cycle. It has been going on for millions of years. Use
the information from the diagram below to answer the questions.
DIAGRAM-READING SKILL
Name: ______________________________________ Date: _________________
Visit www.scholastic.com/superscience SuperScience kevember{0ecember 2013
1. Which is k01 true abeut the reck cyc|e?
Rocks cant change from one type to another.
Heat inside Earth melts rock.
There are three main types of rocks.
Wind and water wear down rocks.
2. Where dees metamerphic reck usua||y Ierm?
in volcanoes below Earths surface
on the ocean oor all of the above
3. Tiny rock pieces are called _____.
magma sediment
huecos crystals
4. What is ene way igneeus reck Ierms?
Earthquakes push rocks to Earths surface.
Layers of sediment harden together.
Heat and pressure inside Earth change rocks.
Melted rock erupts from a volcano and cools on
Earths surface.
5. Metamorphic rock forms from which type(s)
eI reck?
sedimentary rock
other metamorphic rock
igneous rock
all of the above
Melted rock erupts
from volcanoes.
Wind and water wear down
rocks and carry away tiny rock
pieces called sediment.
Moved sediment
settles in layers.
Heat inside Earth
melts rock.
Rocks are heated
and squeezed
underground.
Rocks are
pushed to
the surface.
SEDIMENTARY ROCK:
Forms when layers
of sediment harden
together into rock.
METAMORPHIC ROCK: Forms
when heat and pressure inside Earth
change igneous, sedimentary, or other
metamorphic rocks.
IGNEOUS ROCK: Forms when rock
melts inside Earth, becoming magma.
The melted rock cools underground
or erupts from a volcano and cools on
Earths surface.
5
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