NOTE Care should be taken in deciding the kV A rating of the capacitor in relation to the magnetising kV A of the motor.

Over rating of the capacitor may cause injury to the motor and capacitor bank. The motor still rotating after disconnection from the supply, may act as generator by self-excitation and produce a voltage higher than supply voltage. If the motor is again switched on before the speed has fallen to about 80 percent of the normal running speed, the high voltage will be superimposed on the supply circuits and will damage both the motor and capaci tor.

5.3 Reception and Distribution of Main Supply 5.3.1 Control at Point of Commencement of Supply 5.3.1.1 There shall be a circuit-breaker or miniature circuit-breakers or a load break switch fuse on each live conductor of the supply mains at the point of entry. The wiring throughout the installation shall be such that there is no switch or fuse unit in the earthed neutral of conductor. The neutral shall also be distinctly marked. In this connection, Rule 32(2) and Rule 50(1) of the Indian Electricity Rules, 1956 (see Annex B) as amended up to date shall also be referred. 5.3.1.2 The main switch shall be easily accessible and situated as near as practicable to the termination of service line. 5.3.1.3 On the main switch, where the conductors include an earthed conductor of a two-wire system or an earthed neutral conductor or a multi-wire system or a conductor which is to be connected thereto, an indication of a permanent nature shall be provided to identify the earthed neutral conductor. In this connection, Rule 32(1) of Indian Electricity Rules, 1956 (see Annex B) shall be referred as amended upto-date.

As a general rule, the kVAr rating of the capacitor should not exceed the no-load magnetising kVA of the motor. Generally it would be necessary to provide an automatic control for switching in capacitors matching the load power factor and the bus voltage. Such a scheme would be necessary as capacitors permanently switched in the circuit may cause over voltage at times of light load. 5.2.6.4 Sufficient additional space shall be allowed in substations and switchrooms to allow operation and maintenance and proper means shall be provided for isolating the equipment to allow access for servicing, testing and maintenance. Sufficient additional space shall be allowed for temporary location and installation of standard servicing and testing equipment. Space should also be allowed to provide for anticipated future extensions. 5.2.6.5 Electrical installations in a room or cubicle or in an area surrounded by wall fence, access to which is controlled by lock and key shall be considered accessible to authorized persons only. A wall or fence less than 1.8 m in height shall not be considered as preventing access unless it has other features that provide a degree of isolation equivalent to a 1.8 m fence. 5.2.6.6 Harmonics on the supply systems are becoming a greater problem due to the increasing use of electronic equipments, computer, fluorescent, mercury vapour and sodium vapour lighting, controlled rectifier and inverters for variable speed drives, power electronics and other non-linear loads. Harmonics may lead to almost as much current in the neutral as in the phases. This current is almost entirely third harmonic. Phase rectification devices may be considered for the limits of harmonic voltage distortion may be considered at the planning stage in such cases. With the wide spreaduse of thyristor and rectifierbased loads there is necessity of providing a full size neutral; but this requirement is limited to the 3-phase 4-wire distribution generally in the 400/230 V system. As a result it is not desirable to use half-size neutral conductor, as possibility of neutral conductor overload due to harmonics is likely. 20

5.3.1.4Energy meters
Energy meters shall be installed in residential buildings at such a place which is readily accessible to the owner of the building and the Authority. These should be installed at a height where it is convenient to note the meter reading, it should preferably not be installed below one metre from the ground. The energy meters should either be provided with a protecting covering, enclosing it completely except the glass window through which the readings are noted or should be mounted inside a completely enclosed panel provided with hinged or sliding doors with arrangement for locking. In multi-storeyed buildings meters shall be installed with tapping point for meters of the rising main (bus trunking) on individual floors. 5.3.2 Main Switches and Switchboard 5.3.2.1 All main switches shall be either of metal-clad enclosed pattern or of any insulated enclosed pattern which shall be fixed at close proximity to the point of entry of supply. Every switch shall have an environmental protection level rating (IP), so that its operation is satisfactory in the environment of the installation.
NOTE - Woodwork shall not be used for the construction
or mounting of switches and switch boards installed in"a building.

5.3.2.2Location
a) The location of the main board should be such
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF INDIA