Reading p10 2 Possible answer a single-sex crew might miss the company of the opposite sex and the distractions they can bring. 3Possible answer in the text, John Moore thinks mixed sex crews could have families which would make space travel easier to tolerate. Grammar and practice p12 Talking about the future 1Key a 4 e 6 b 1 f 3 c 5 g 2 d 7 2Key 1 break up 2're having 3 '
Reading p10 2 Possible answer a single-sex crew might miss the company of the opposite sex and the distractions they can bring. 3Possible answer in the text, John Moore thinks mixed sex crews could have families which would make space travel easier to tolerate. Grammar and practice p12 Talking about the future 1Key a 4 e 6 b 1 f 3 c 5 g 2 d 7 2Key 1 break up 2're having 3 '
Reading p10 2 Possible answer a single-sex crew might miss the company of the opposite sex and the distractions they can bring. 3Possible answer in the text, John Moore thinks mixed sex crews could have families which would make space travel easier to tolerate. Grammar and practice p12 Talking about the future 1Key a 4 e 6 b 1 f 3 c 5 g 2 d 7 2Key 1 break up 2're having 3 '
people at work. However, in photo 1 we see a man and a woman fulfilling traditional roles the man is the boss and the woman is the secretary. In photo 4 we see men and women working on equal terms. Reading p10 2 Possible answer A single-sex crew might miss the company of the opposite sex and the distractions they can bring. 3Possible answer In the text, John Moore thinks mixed-sex crews could have families which would make space travel easier to tolerate. Multiple choice 3Key 1 C 4 A 2 D 5 B 3 C Over to you Possible answers Suitable people: doctors, nurses, midwives, teachers, builders, farmers, scientists, etc. Personal qualities: determination, bravery, sense of adventure, sense of humour, ability to work as ateam, etc. Group nouns 4Key a class d staff b jury e audience c team f crowd Examples of other group nouns: family, group, orchestra, couple. Grammar and practice p12 Talking about the future 1Key a 4 e 6 b 1 f 3 c 5 g 2 d 7 2Key 1 break up 2 re having 3 re starting 4 re going to get up 5 leaves 6 ll stop 7 re going to drive 8 will take 9 ll probably go 10 re going to catch 11 ll send 12 Are you doing 3Possible answers a Im going to ask them to tell the truth. b Im afraid Im visiting relatives in the holidays. c Ill put up the decorations and Ill select some music, if you like. d Ill be twenty-one. e Ill probably be married. f Tomorrow is going to be icy. Future continuous and future perfect 4Key a 2 b 3 c 1
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The sexes 1 U N I T 1 5Possible answers a This time next week Ill be sitting on the beach. b By this time next year Ill have finished my exams. c This time next year Ill be living in Spain. d In five years time Ill have started my own company. Cloze 6Key 1 by 9 who 2 is 10 to 3 that 11 are 4 on 12 still / can 5 than 13 It 6 been 14 down 7 to 15 never / not 8 far Vocabulary p14 Lead in 3Key adventurous adventure competitive competition confident confidence cooperative cooperation emotional emotion generous generosity independent independence lazy laziness materialistic materialism optimistic optimism possessive possession self-centred self-centredness sensitive sensitivity sincere sincerity sociable sociability stubborn stubbornness Confusing verbs: lay / lie 5Key a 3 b 1 c 2 6Key a lie d lay b laid e lied c lying f lay 7Possible answers a I always lie on my side, because I find it the most comfortable. If I lie on my back, I snore. b My friend had her hair cut and I thought it looked terrible. She asked me if I liked it and I said yes. I lied because I didnt want to hurt her feelings. Exam techniques p15 Listening Part 3 Dos and Donts 1Key Speaker 1 E Speaker 2 D Speaker 3 A Speaker 4 F Speaker 5 C Tapescript Speaker 1 Id say that men and women are asgood aseach other at looking after children and loving them. I grew up without my dad around. At the time it seemed normal, but now I have my own kidsI realise how mothersand fathershelp usin different ways. Asa dad myself, I know theresa bond between children and their dads thatsjust asimportant ashaving a mum around, and from my experience Id say that only a man can really do that job. Speaker 2 If youre thinking about the day-to-day care of children, Id say that fathersand motherscan be equally successful. I know several familieswhere the mother isthe main breadwinner and the father looks after the kids and it worksperfectly well. But Imsure that the physical relation between a baby and its mother creates an emotional tie which theresno substitute for, and of course thiswont change because men will never be able to have children. Speaker 3 Mothersand fathersare different and alwayswill be, but both are essential. Its far too much work for one person to look after a family on their own, so its important for the father to help out right from the start. The key thing isto always put the interestsof the children first. I know that I have a special relationship with them asa mum, but I can see that my kidsneed their dad around too. 2 UNIT 1 THE SEXES
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Speaker 4 The idea that men are worse at looking after children isrubbish. Dadscan do everything just aswell asmums. Women are only better at childcare because, at the moment, they spend more time with kids than men do. Itslike my mum she doesnt understand how to use email, but if she worked in an office like me shed know exactly what to do its just a question of familiarity. Speaker 5 When I wasa kid, my father made more effort to spend time with us than most fathers would have done, which wasnt what real men were supposed to do. Whenever he wasnt at work, he dedicated all histime to me and my sisters. Other than my mum, people didnt really recognise how special he was. My father wasnt like everyone else, so people just ignored him. Nowadays, most men are involved with their kidslike he was. Phrasal verbs with bring 2Key a Bringing up e brought out b bring (her) round f brought back c brought about g bring down d bring up Vocabulary p16 Formal and informal language 1Possible answers Formal style: job / college applications, letters of complaint, business letters, requests for bookings, announcements, etc. Informal style: letter to friends and relatives. 2Key a The first is a note or possibly an email message. The second is a formal letter. b Both are intended as apologies. c In the first, the reader and the writer are boyfriend and girlfriend. In the second, they are probably business acquaintances. d The first letter contains informal language, familiar salutations, and contractions. e The second letter contains formal language, polite salutations, and full forms rather than contracted forms. 3Key a a snack b attempted c therefore d sent you a text message e to inform you f because g returned home h I do apologise 4Key The first letter: was held up, didnt get in The second letter: was delayed, did not arrive 5Key a back down e bumped into b split up, went on f called off c put up with g brought up d put me down h work out Meanings of get 6Key get in arrive home got changed changed get you contact you get it receive got to arrived at Exam techniques p17 Use of English Part 4 Dos and Donts 1Key 1 the 9 the 2 than 10 time 3 11 4 of 12 from 5 it 13 you 6 being 14 there 7 15 to 8 who
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Listening p18 Lead in 1Key a The speakers birthday is on 31 December. The statement was made on 1 January. b sixteen minutes Multiple choice 2Possible answer I think men are better at solving mathematical problems because they are better at thinking logically. or I think women are better at solving mathematical problems because they are more patient and take the time to think things through. 3Possible answer On the recording, Ashley James believes that boys do better at maths because they concentrate harder than girls as they get older and because maths is still seen as a male subject. Kathy Manchester believes that women are less confident than men because, at school, girls are not expected to do well at maths as boys. She thinks girls are better at solving problems, however. Tapescript Part 1 Presenter Good afternoon. Our first item in todays programme looksat the subject of mathematicsand asksWhosbetter at it: boysor girls? Letsstart by asking a teacher. Ashley James, youve been a mathsteacher for over ten years. How would you answer thisquestion? Ashley James Well, Jean, in my experience Id say there isnt asgreat a difference aspeople think, but aschildren get older, boysseem to concentrate harder. Early on, girlshave the same ability, but itsstill the case that girlstend not to continue with maths after they leave school and go on to higher education. The unfortunate truth is that people still think of mathsasa male subject. Presenter Thank you, Ashley. That certainly wasmy own experience. When I wasat school girlswere not supposed to be asgood as boysat maths. For Kathy Manchester, however, thistheory doesnt actually add up. Kathysa researcher on the popular TV programme Just for Fun, where people just ordinary membersof the public have to solve mathematical problems. Part 2 Kathy OnJust for Funwere trying to bring maths to a non-specialist audience and to counter the common belief that mathsis impossible and I cant do it or, worse still, Im not clever enough to do it. Itsvery noticeable that the women who come onto the programme seemto have much less confidence than the men, perhapsbecause they were at schools where girlswere not expected to do as well asboysat mathsand science. But when it comesto it, women are a lot better at getting the problems right the programme showsthistrend consistently. Presenter Yet men show more self-confidence than women? Kathy Thatsright. Theyre always ready to jump in and attempt the puzzle, in some casesbelieving that the women just arent capable of solving it at all. The strange thing isthat, on public display, the macho image beginsto crack. The old saying, behind every successful man theresa woman, may have taken on a new meaning. Maybe it doesnt refer to background support and organisation at all, but to actual decisionsthat are made. Presenter So, on the programme, do men and women actually compete directly with each other? Kathy Yes, occasionally and thatswhere it all getsvery interesting. In the limelight the men become so nervous; blind panic crosses their faces and their minds seemto turn blank. The women, on the other hand, are much calmer; they dont like to take such big risksasthe men; they seemto want more time to think about the questions. Presenter Two thousand yearsago, the Greek philosopher Plato said that even people with no education have an innate mathematical instinct. Just for Fun suggeststhat thisistrue and that women have more of it than men. Heres Kathy Manchester with a final word. Kathy What we dont know iswhether this ability in women isinherited or whether it comesfrom yearsof being the woman behind the man. Itsa bit like the tortoise and the hare. Tortoisesmove more slowly, but theyre more consistent and they crossthe finishing line first. 4 UNIT 1 THE SEXES
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4Key a M c M e W g W b W d M f W Speaking p19 Lead in 3Possible answers How many brothers and sisters have you got? Where do you live? What kind of music do you like? What do you do in your spare time? Giving personal information 4Key Topics Questions Family Do you have a large or a small family? Can you tell me something about them? House and Do you live in a house or an home apartment? Whats it like? Could you tell us something about the area where you live? Leisure What do you like doing in your spare time? Do you have any hobbies? What kinds of books do you like to read? Do you play a musical instrument? Tapescript Interlocutor My namesPetrina Cliff and thisis my colleague Thorkild Gantner. He isjust going to listen to us. So, you are? Sun Sun. My name isSun. Interlocutor And? Yasko Im Yasko. Yasko. Interlocutor Yasko? Yasko Yes. Interlocutor Thank you. First of all, wed like to know something about you, so Im going to ask ou some questions about yourselves. Where are you from Sun? Sun Im from South Korea. Interlocutor And you, Yasko? Yasko Im from Japan. Interlocutor Yasko, do you have a large or a small family? Yasko Err small family. Interlocutor Can you tell me something about them? Yasko Yes, I have two older brothersand I live with my father and mother. But two of my brothershave left er our home because they had got married before. Interlocutor Do you live in a house or an apartment, Sun? Sun I live in my flat when Imin London or Korea, which one? Interlocutor Whats it like? Sun Of course I like my own flat in which issituated in Korea because the room is like studio. Itslarge and big and I had big, king-sized bed and then I used to live alone. But also, there issome kitchen and shower room with everything, so I like it. Im still missing my room but Here ismy flat isso small, but itscosy. Interlocutor Could you tell us something about the area where you live? Sun In England? Interlocutor In Korea. Sun Erm because I stayed in the near the college, because I have to go to early in the college, but the place isquite nice, for example itslike national national park. Cositsnear the mountainsand everything isgood. Interlocutor Yasko, what do you like doing in your spare time? Yasko I like watching moviesand ballet and listening to music. Interlocutor And do you have any hobbies? Yasko Yes, I like travelling. Interlocutor What kinds of books do you like to read? Sun Erm now I dont read any book. But when I wasin Korea I liked reading, especially like erm the thriller movie and thriller booksand erm suspected, suspected booksand I like, how do you say, I like Sherlock Holmes, that kind of book that I like. Interlocutor Do you play a musical instrument, Yasko? Yasko Yes, I I like playing the piano, but Im not good at playing. But I enjoy enjoy playing the piano. Interlocutor How did you become interested in playing the piano? Yasko Pardon? Interlocutor How did you become interested in playing the piano?
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Yasko Yes. When I wassmall child my mother asked me to have a lesson, so at first I dont like to play the piano. But well when I washigh-school student my friendssaid your play isvery good so I have some confidence, so I become to like it. 6Key Extract 1: Yasko doesnt live with her brothers because they have got married. Extract 2: Sun likes where he lives because its part of a national park. Extract 3: Sun enjoys thrillers. Extract 4: Yasko became interested in playing the piano because her friends said she played well. Tapescript Extract 1 Interlocutor Yasko, do you have a large or a small family? Yasko Err small family. Interlocutor Can you tell me something about them? Yasko Yes, I have two older brothersand I live with my father and mother. But two of my brothers have left er our home because they had got married before. Extract 2 Interlocutor Could you tell ussomething about the area where you live? Sun In England? Interlocutor In Korea. Sun Erm because I stayed in the near the college, because I have to go to early in the college, but the place is quite nice, for example its like national national park. Cos its near the mountains and everything is good. Extract 3 Interlocutor What kindsof booksdo you like to read? Sun Erm now I dont read any book. But when I wasin Korea I liked reading, especially like ermthe thriller movie and thriller books and erm suspected, suspected booksand I like, how do you say, I like Sherlock Holmes, that kind of book that I like. Extract 4 Interlocutor How did you become interested in playing the piano? Yasko Pardon? Interlocutor How did you become interested in playing the piano? Yasko Yes. When I wassmall child my mother asked me to have a lesson, so at first I dont like to play the piano. But well when I was high-school student my friends said your play is very good so I have some confidence, so I become to like it. Writing p20 Informal letter 1Key a The letter must mention that Nicky is invited to the wedding, that she can bring a friend, the time and place of the wedding, that she needs to reply (RSVP), and that the wedding list can be found on the Internet. b The style should be informal Nicky is a friend of yours. 2Key The style is too formal in places. The writer has used an impersonal tone occasionally (She has requested that an invitation be passed on to you), passive verbs (be passed on to you), single-word verbs (purchasing), and polite phrases (Yours sincerely). The writer has also forgotten to give details of the location of the wedding. Formal and informal language 3Key a INF e F b F f INF c INF g INF d F h INF 4Key a Short sentences Alice is getting married, Theyre not too expensive. c Contractions Shes sent, Shed love, The weddings at, etc. f Phrasal verbs Ive come up with a few ideas g Words left out Look forward to seeing you (missing I) h Simple words or slang the kind of thing 6 UNIT 1 THE SEXES
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Think, plan, write 5Key informal Overview p22 1Key 1 one 9 for 2 as 10 she 3 which 11 4 12 the 5 in (where the) 13 they 6 14 any 7 been 15 out 8 2Key a brought up d bring about b brings back e brought up c bring around 3Key a understand d took / caught; arrived b make / buy e becoming c buy