Thorax Test Questions College of Medicine Gross Anatomy These Questions have come from the old tests

available in the Center For Academic Excellence. Please note that all of the uestions have not been chec!ed" and the ans#ers may be #rong.

$. A ta%e %assed through the transverse %ericardial sinus #ould lie behind the A. ascending aorta alone &. ascending aorta and su%erior vena cava C. ascending aorta and %ulmonary trun! '. su%erior vena cava alone E. su%erior vena and ( %ulmonary veins ). The mediastinum A. is se%arated into su%erior and inferior %ortions of the sternal angle &. ends inferiorly at the level of the tracheal bifurcation C. lies anterior to T) to T$*" but not T$" T$$" or T$) '. does not contain the thoracic duct E. does not contain the %hrenic nerves +. ,n the su%erior mediastinumA. the brachioce%halic vein lies %osterior to the arteries #hich originate from the arch of the aorta &. the trachea lies %osterior to the eso%hagus C. the eso%hagus lies to the right of the arch of the aorta '. the left recurrent laryngeal nerve loo%s around the subclavian artery E. the thoracic duct lies along the right border of the eso%hagus (. The mediastinum is bounded laterally by the A. %arietal layer of serous %ericardium &. fibrous %ericardium C. mediastinal %ortions of the right and left %leural sacs '. costal %arts of right and left %leural sacs E. right and left lungs .. This nerve lies on the lateral side of the su%erior vena cava before %assing anterior to the root of the lung A. right vagus &. right %hrenic C. left %hrenic '. left vagus /. ,n a CT scan of the thorax at the level of the right %ulmonary artery" #hat structure0s1 lie0s1 directly anterior to this artery2 A. su%erior vena cava &. ascending aorta C. right main bronchus '. both A and & E. A" & and C 3. 4isceral %ericardium coats each of the follo#ing E5CEPT A. %ulmonary trun!

&. C. '. E.

aortic arch lo#er %art of the su%erior vena cava %art of the inferior vena cava right coronary artery

6. 7hich structure lies anterior to the transverse %ericardial sinus2 A. su%erior vena cava &. descending aorta C. right %ulmonary artery '. %ulmonary trun! E. right coronary artery 8. The fibrous %ericardium isA. fused #ith the central tendon of the dia%hragm &. synonymous #ith the e%icardium C. both A and & '. neither A nor & $*. ,n a normal heart" the left ventricular myocardium is thic!er than the right ventricular myocardium" reflecting the fact thatA. the left ventricle %um%s more blood than the right ventricle &. systemic arterial resistance is normally greater than %ulmonary arterial resistance C. the left ventricle %um%s against gravity #hereas the right ventricle does not '. the right ventricle contains oxygenated blood #hereas the left ventricle contains unoxygenated blood E. all of the above $$. The %osterior broncho%ulmonary segment of the su%erior lobe of the right lung is immediately su%erior and anterior to this broncho%ulmonary segmentA. su%erior of the inferior lobe &. medial of the middle lobe C. lateral of the middle lobe '. su%erior of the middle lobe E. %osterior of the middle lobe $). 9u%%ose that the eso%hageal cancer is at the level of bifurcation. 7hich %rimary bronchus #ould you ex%ect to become directly involved most fre uently and #hy2 A. right bronchus" because eso%hagus %asses directly %osterior to it &. left bronchus" because eso%hagus %asses directly %osterior to it C. right bronchus" because eso%hagus %asses directly anterior to it '. left bronchus" because eso%hagus %asses directly anterior to it E. neither bronchus #ould be more fre uently involved because the eso%hagus is not more closely related to one than the other

$+. The usual number of tertiary bronchi in the right lung isA. ) &. + C. 6 '. $* E. )* $(. 9mall foreign bodies that enter the trachea #ill usually enter theA. u%%er lobar bronchus of left lung &. lo#er lobar bronchus of left lung C. u%%er lobar bronchus of right lung '. e%arterial bronchus of right lung E. middle or lo#er lobar bronchus of right lung $.. The inferior border of the %arietal %leura" at a %oint ad:acent to the vertebral column" is at a level of #hich rib2 A. (th rib &. /th rib C. 6th rib '. $*th rib E. $)th rib $/. The transverse 0hori;ontal1 fissure of the lung can be indicated on the anterior surface of the thorax by a line that follo#s theA. second costal cartilage &. fourth costal cartilage C. sixth costal cartilage '. eighth costal cartilage E. medial border of the sca%ula #ith the arm abducted $3. The most su%erior structure in the root of the left lung is the leftA. e%arterial bronchus &. %ulmonary ligament C. %ulmonary artery '. %ulmonary vein E. main bronchus $6. &ecause of their close relationshi%" an invasive tumor in #hich area of the right lung #ould most li!ely endanger the right recurrent laryngeal nerve2 A. a%ex &. mediastinal surface C. costal surface '. dia%hragmatic surface E. area around the root of the lung

$8. The vertical extent of the mediastinum is from the dia%hragm inferiorly to the level of the <<<<<<<<<<< su%eriorly. A. xi%histernal :unction &. sternal angle C. su%erior thoracic a%erture '. a%ex of the %ericardium E. second thoracic vertebra )*. 7hich statement concerning costal %leura is FA=9E2 A. ,t is directly continuous #ith visceral %leura around the root of the lung. &. ,t is directly continuous #ith the dia%hragmatic %leura at the inferior border of the %leural sac C. ,t is directly continuous #ith the mediastinal %leural at the anterior border of the %leural sac. '. ,t is sensitive to common sensations such as touch and %ressure. E. ,t lines the inner surfaces of the ribs" costal cartilages" %osterior surface of sternum" and sides of the bodies of thoracic vertebrae. )$. 7hen a surgeon cuts the %ulmonary ligament of the right lung from inferior to su%erior" #hat is the first structure 0s1he encounters 0at the base of the %ulmonary ligament12 A. inferior %ulmonary vein &. inferior %ulmonary artery C. lo#er lobe bronchus '. intermediate bronchus E. middle lobe bronchus )). Pain from irritation of the dia%hragmatic %leura is often referred to the shoulder. 7hat is the ma:or nerve involved in this sensory %ath#ay2 A. vagus &. %hrenic C. $*th intercostal '. (th intercostal E. greater s%lanchnic )+. The middle mediastinumA. is %art of the inferior mediastinum &. contains the %ericardial cavity C. is bounded laterally by %arietal %leura '. is bounded inferiorly by the dia%hragm E. all of the above )(. The left coronary arteryA. arises :ust above the left aortic semilunar valve &. normally gives rise to the %osterior interventricular artery of the heart C. %rovides most of the blood su%%ly to both atria

'. %rovides a branch to the sino>atrial node E. all of the above ).. The inter>atrial se%tumA. usually exhibits a %atent foramen ovale &. is the site or origin of the moderator band C. closes only after birth '. is attached to coronary valves via chordae tendineae E. does not contain conduction fibers )/. 9erous %ericardiumA. has t#o layers" visceral and %arietal &. #hen attached to fibrous %ericardium is %arietal %ericardium C. lining the outside of the heart is e%icardium '. surrounds the roots of the ascending aorta and %ulmonary trun! E. all of the above )3. The obli ue %ericardial sinusA. is a s%ace lying bet#een the arterial and venous %ericardial reflections &. contains a thin layer of serous fluid C. is found bet#een t#o layers of %arietal %ericardium '. lies anterior to the heart E. all of the above )6. ,n cross sections through the su%erior mediastinum" you usually see the right %hrenic nerve located directly lateral to theA. trachea &. eso%hagus C. brachioce%halic trun! '. right subclavian E. su%erior vena cava )8. 7hich of the follo#ing lies directly inferior to the last tracheal ring 0in the crotch of the tracheal bifurcation12 A. arch of the a;ygos vein &. su%erior vena cava C. left %ulmonary artery '. lym%h nodes E. left recurrent laryngeal nerves +*. ,n a cross section of the thorax at a level one centimeter su%erior fo the aortic arch" the brachioce%halic trun! usually lies directly anterior to theA. eso%hagus &. trachea C. right brachioce%halic vein

'. su%erior vena cava E. right %ulmonary artery +$. ,n a CT scan of the thorax at the level of the aortic semilunar valve" this valve lies directly anterior to theA. right atrium &. left atrium C. right ventricle '. eso%hagus E. descending aorta +). The central tendon of the dia%hragm lies at 0about1 this vertebral levelA. T) &. T( C. T/ '. T6 E. T$* ++. The vagal trun! %asses through the <<<<<<<of the dia%hragmA. aortic o%ening &. caval o%ening C. eso%hageal o%ening '. left and right crura E. central tendon +(. The follo#ing structures are %artially #ithin the middle mediastinumA. %hrenic nerve &. su%erior vena cava C. vagus nerve '. all the above E. both A and &" but not C +.. The aortic valve is heard best at this locationA. :ust lateral to the sternum at the second right intercostal s%ace &. :ust lateral to the sternum at the second left intercostal s%ace C. :ust lateral to the sternum at the fourth right intercostal s%ace '. :ust lateral to the sternum at the fourth left intercostal s%ace E. about + and ? inches from the midline in the left fifth intercostal s%ace +/. The follo#ing structure %asses bet#een the vagus nerve and the %hrenic nerve in the left su%erior mediastinumA. left su%erior intercostal vein &. arch of the aorta C. ascending aorta '. arch of the a;ygos vein

+3. The carina lies A. #ithin the transverse sinus of the %ericardium &. in relation to the right side of the interventricular se%tum C. #ithin the lingular division of the right and left main bronchi '. bet#een the entrances of the right and left main bronchi E. #ithin the obli ue sinus of the %ericardium +6. True statements concerning the usual vertebral levels of the + ma:or hiatuses in the dia%hragm includeA. the caval hiatus is at T6 &. the aortic hiatus is at T$) C. the eso%hageal hiatus is at T$* '. all the above E. both 0only1 & and C +8. Posterior intercostal arteriesA. can be found :ust su%erior to the costal groove &. run dee% to the subcostal muscles C. travel inferior to their corres%onding segmental vein in the lateral thorax '. arise from the internal thoracic artery E. none of the above (*. The thoracic ductA. drains the right side of the thorax &. carries lym%h to the cisterna chyli C. crosses the midline at about the level of the sternal angle '. lies :ust lateral and %osterior to the a;ygous vein E. em%ties its lym%h into the right subclavian artery ($. 9ensory innervation from the central %art of the dia%hragmatic %leura is %rovided by the A. %hrenic nerves &. vagus nerves C. lo#er intercostal nerves '. greater s%lanchnic nerves E. none of the above (). @ne is most li!ely to damage an intercostal nerve or vessel #hen inserting a needle through an intercostal s%ace as follo#sA. :ust above a rib &. :ust belo# a rib C. half#ay bet#een ad:acent ribs (+. The thoracic ductA. %asses through the aortic o%ening of the dia%hragm &. has valves

C. %asses from right to left %osterior to the eso%hagus in the %osterior mediastinum '. all the above E. only A and C ((. The connecting %leura bet#een the visceral %leura and mediastinal %leura has a de%endent fold called theA. %ulmonary ligament &. median arcuate ligament C. sus%ensory ligament '. a%ical ligament E. hilar ligament (.. These structures of the su%erior mediastinum lie %osterior to the %lane of the tracheaA. eso%hagus &. right recurrent laryngeal nerve C. left brachioce%halic vein '. all the above E. only A and & (/. The right main bronchus is shorter" #ider and has its long axis more vertically oriented than the left main bronchusA. true &. false (3. The anatomical" functional and surgical units of the lung are theA. #hole lung &. lobes C. broncho%ulmonary segments '. alveolar sacs E. alveoli (6. This broncho%ulmonary segment of the right lung is in the middle lobeA. anterior basal &. su%erior C. anterior '. %osterior E. medial (8. The e%icardiumA. lines the heart chambers &. is tough and fibrous C. is the visceral layer of the serous %ericardium '. all the above E. only & and C

.*. ,f you %laced your fingers bet#een the e%icardium of left atrium and the %osterior %arietal serous %ericardium of the %ericardial sac belo# the venous mesocardium" your fingers #ould be in this s%aceA. obli ue sinus &. transverse sinus C. sinus venarum '. sinus venosus E. %osterior mediastinum .$. ThisAThese %arts of the conducting system of the heart isAare found totally or %artially in the atrial #allsA. sino>atrial node &. atrioventricular node C. atrioventricular bundle '. all the above E. only A and & .). 7hen naming the cus%s of the %ulmonary semilunar valves according to their develo%ment #e have a right" left and <<<<<<cus%. A. anterior &. %osterior .+. The venous blood in this vein does not enter the coronary sinus before entering the right atrium. A. great cardiac vein &. middle cardiac vein C. small cardiac vein '. anterior cardiac vein .(. The sound of the aortic valve is heard best anteriorly over the medial end of theA. left )nd intercostal s%ace &. right )nd intercostal s%ace C. left (th intercostal s%ace '. right (th intercostal s%ace E. left /th intercostal s%ace ... The su%rasternal notchA. lies at the level of the u%%er border of the body of the first thoracic vertebra &. is the most su%erior %ortion of the thoracic inlet C. indicates the level of the attachment of the second costal cartilage to the sternum '. is the notch on the su%erior as%ect of the body of the sternum E. is the anterior landmar! for the su%erior boundary of the mediastinum

./. The sternal angleA. is at the same level as the intervertebral disc bet#een the T( and T. vertebrae &. is at the level #here the aortic arch begins and ends C. is at the level #here the hemia;ygos vein usually :oins the a;ygos vein '. all the above are correct E. only A and & are correct .3. The a%ex of the lungA. lies in the su%erior mediastinum &. continues above the level of the medial end of the clavicle C. is innervated by the %hrenic nerve '. lies anterior to the %hrenic nerve E. lac!s a covering of visceral %leura because it is outside the thoracic cavity .6. The lateral arcuate ligament of the res%iratory dia%hragmA. lies anterior to the uadratus lumborum &. is a thic!ening of the transversalis fascia layer C. extends from the transverse %rocess of =$ to the $)th rib '. all the above E. only A and & .8. The right dome of the dia%hragm is slightly higher than the left dome" but the t#o domes usually rise this high during res%iration. 0Bse the midclavicular line as a reference1 A. +rd rib &. .th rib C. 3th rib '. 8th rib E. $)th rib /*. The motor su%%ly to the voluntary muscle of the res%iratory dia%hragm is byA. the %hrenic nerve &. the lo#er intercostal nerves C. the vagus nerve '. all the above E. only A and & /$. The su%erior mediastinum is se%arated from the inferior mediastinum by a hori;ontal line that #ould %ass through the A. sternal angle &. )nd costal cartilage C. disc bet#een T(>T. vertebrae '. all the above E. only A and C

/). ,f a %atient has a flail chest" the flail segment is %ushed out during ins%irationA. True &. False /+. This structure forms the right border of the heartA. right atrium &. left atrium C. right ventricle '. left ventricle E. %ulmonary trun! /(. All thoracic vertebrae have this characteristicA. long bifid s%ines &. a !idney bean>sha%ed body C. costal facets on their bodies '. costal facets on their transverse %rocesses E. su%erior articular %rocesses that face medial#ard /.. ,n the midaxillary line the intercostal nerves and blood vessels lie bet#een these ad:acent layersA. %arietal %leura>endothoracic fascia &. endothoracic fascia>transversus thoracis layer C. transversus thoracis layer>internal intercostal layer '. internal intercostal layer>external intercostal layer E. external intercostal membrane> internal intercostal membrane //. The endothoracic fascia forms theA. su%ra%leural membrane &. anterior intercostal membrane C. %osterior intercostal membrane '. central tendon of the dia%hragm E. fibrous %ericardium /3. The %osterior intercostal arteries that arise from the descending thoracic aorta consist of <<<<<<<<<%airs su%%lying the <<<<<<<<<<intercostal s%acesA. &. C. '. E. $$C$$ $*C$* u%%er 8C8 u%%er 8C8 lo#er $*C$* lo#er

/6. The follo#ing isAare true concerning the %leuraA. mediastinal %leura is visceral %leura &. the visceral %leura is extremely sensitive to touch and %ain

C. The cardiac notch of the %leura does not extend as far to the left as does the cardiac notch of the lung '. All the above E. @nly & and C are correct /8. The most laterally %ro:ecting %art of the heart is usually theA. a%ex &. base C. right atrium '. left atrium E. right ventricle 3*. The %osition of the hori;ontal fissure of the lung 0midins%iration1 is indicated by this right costal cartilageA. )nd &. (th C. /th '. 6th E. $*th 3$. The lo#est margin of the %osterior %arietal %leura is usually slightly belo# the nec! of this ribA. $) &. $$ C. $* '. 3 E. 6 3). This structure is not found in the su%erior mediastinumA. %hrenic nerve &. vagus nerve C. thoracic duct '. beginning of brachioce%halic artery E. greater s%lanchnic nerve 3+. ,f a %erson received a shallo# stab #ould in the anterior %art of the right fifth intercostals s%ace about one>half inch lateral to the sternum" the structure most li!ely to be damaged is theA. &. C. '. E. right brachioce%halic vein su%erior vena cava thoracic duct beginning of the brachioce%halic artery internal thoracic artery

3(. Posterolaterally the structure that is most su%eriorly situated in the costal groove is theA. %osterior intercostal artery &. %osterior intercostal nerve C. %osterior intercostal vein 3.. The %osterior intercostal veins drain directly into thisAthese veinsA. brachioce%halic &. a;ygos C. left and right su%erior intercostals '. hemia;ygos and accessory hemia;ygos E. all the above True statements concerning the trachea includeA. cancer of the trachea near its bifurcation could %araly;e the muscles of the left side of the larynx" but not the right side &. the trachea descends during dee% ins%iration C. the Dtracheal tugE sign is usually indicative of an aneurysm of the aortic arch '. all the above E. both 0only1 A and & The bundle of Fis contains A. %arasym%athetic nerve fibers &. sym%athetic nerve fibers C. conducting 0Pur!in:e1 fibers '. all the above E. only A and & above

3/.

33.

36. This ligament lies directly anterior to the vertebral canalA. ligamentum flavum &. anterior longitudinal ligament C. %osterior longitudinal ligament '. su%ras%inous ligament E. ligamentum nuchae 38. The follo#ing normal curvatures of the vertebral column are %resent at birth and in the adultA. scoliosis to the right in the u%%er thoracic region in right handed individuals &. %osterior concavity in the cervical region C. lordosis in the lumbar region '. %osterior convexity in the thoracic region E. %osterior concavity in the lumbar region 6*. The s%inal cord in the adult usually ends at the level of the-

A. &. C. '. E.

first coccygeal vertebra second sacral vertebra fourth lumbar vertebra first lumbar vertebra tenth thoracic vertebra

6$. The anterior edge of the left %arietal %leura %asses obli uely lateral#ard and do#n#ard from the midline at the level of this costal cartilage to form the cardiac notchA. $ &. ) C. + '. ( E. . 6). The large o%ening in the central tendon of the dia%hragm transmits theA. inferior vena cava &. eso%hagus C. aorta '. greater s%lanchnic nerve E. thoracic duct 6+. ,f a %atient has a s%ontaneous %neumothorax on the right sideA. he #ill have a %aradoxical movement of the chest #all on the right &. his right lung #ould be fully ex%anded because of the loss of the vacuum effect C. the mediastinum #ould be shifted to the left '. the lung #ill com%ress the right recurrent laryngeal nerve E. the right side of his dia%hragm #ill be %araly;ed 6(. 7hen draining fluid from the %leural cavity" the needle should %ass through the thoracic #allA. :ust belo# a rib &. :ust above a rib C. about half#ay bet#een ad:acent ribs '. through the %eriosteum and rib to avoid the neurovascular bundle E. into the anterior mediastinum before entering the %leural cavity 6.. The eso%hagusA. is about $/ inches long &. %asses through the left crus of the dia%hragm C. %asses through the the left dome of the dia%hragm '. is com%ressed by the left main bronchus at the T. vertebral level E. is %ushed to the left by the arch of the aorta in the su%erior mediastinum at the level of the body of the T+ vertebra 6/. The a;ygos vein usually does not receive blood from these intercostal s%aces-

A. &. C. '. E.

)>( on the right side )>( on the left side .>$$ on the right side .>6 on the left side via a 0su%erior1 hemia;ygos vein 8>$$ on the left side via a 0inferior1 hemia;ygos vein

63. The lym%h drainage from the lo#er third of the eso%hagus goes first to these nodesA. lumbar %ara>aortic &. bronchomediastinal nodes C. subcarinal nodes '. %osterior mediastinal nodes E. left gastric nodes 66. The most im%ortantA largest su%%lier of blood to the intercostal s%aces is theA. %osterior intercostal artery &. anterior intercostal artery C. &oth A and & '. Gone of the above 68. The %osterior intercostal artery su%%lying the seventh intercostals s%ace arises from theA. thoracic aorta &. internal thoracic artery C. anterior intercostal artery '. none of the above 8*. The %hrenic nerve lies <<<<<<<to the root of the lung and the vagus nerve lies<<<<<<< to the root of the lung. A. Anterior" Posterior &. Anterior" Anterior C. Posterior" Anterior '. Posterior" Posterior 8$. The nerve that lies :ust to the right of the su%erior vena cava is theA. greater s%lanchnic &. lesser s%lanchnic C. right %hrenic '. right vagus E. sym%athetic trun! 8). Concerning the %ulmonary arteriesA. The right %ulmonary artery lies on a higher %lane than the left %ulmonary artery because the right lung is shorter than the left. &. The left %ulmonary artery %asses anterior to the descending aorta and %osterior to the eso%hagus.

C. The right %ulmonary artery %asses %osterior to the su%erior vena cava and the ascending aorta. '. They enter the hilum of the lung inferior to the %ulmonary veins. E. They lie directly anterior to the lo#er %art of the trachea. 8+. The thoracic duct lies :ust to the right of this structure in the lo#er %art of the thoraxA. descending aorta &. a;ygos vein C. %hrenic nerve '. trachea E. eso%hagus 8(. The follo#ing structures %ass anterior to the trachea in the su%erior mediastinumA. brachioce%halic artery &. left common carotid artery C. right common carotid artery '. all the above E. both A and & but not C 8.. Each broncho%ulmonary segmentA. contains a segmental artery &. contains a tertiary bronchus C. contains a segmental vein '. all of the above E. both A and & but not C 8/. The a%ical broncho%ulmonary segment of the right u%%er lobe is ad:acent to the %osterior segment of the right u%%er lobe. A. True &. False 83. The motor nerve su%%ly to the %eri%heral %arts of the dia%hragm is by #ay of the A. lo#er intercostal nerves &. subcostal nerve C. iliohy%ogastric nerve '. vagus nerve E. %hrenic nerve 86. The internal thoracic arteryA. lies bet#een the transverse thoracic and internal intercostal layers in the u%%er intercostal s%aces &. lies about a half inch lateral to the sternum C. gives rise to a branch that su%%lies the %ericardium '. all the above E. both A and & but not C

88. The %hrenic nerve %assesA. anterior to the subclavian artery &. %osterior to the internal thoracic artery C. anterior to the root of the lung '. through the middle mediastinum E. all of the above $**. The serous %ericardiumA. attaches to fibrous %ericardium as %art of the %arietal %ericardium &. has t#o layers- visceral and %arietal C. lines the heart as %art of the e%icardium '. surrounds the roots of the great vessels E. all of the above $*$. The su%ra%leural membrane is formed byA. external intercostal membrane &. internal intercostal membrane C. %retracheal layer of cervical fascia '. %arietal %leura E. endothoracic fascia $*). The thymus glandA. is a lym%hatic organ &. is normally found in the su%erior mediastinum C. descends from the cervical region into the thorax during embryonic develo%ment '. may extend into the anterior mediastinum E. all of the above $*+. The inferior angle of the sca%ula lies at the level of the s%ine of this vertebraA. T$ &. T+ C. T. '. T3 E. T8 $*(. ,n the midaxillary line the s%ace bet#een the eighth and tenth ribs corres%onds to theA. costodia%hragmatic recess &. costomediastinal recessHanterior C. costomediastinal recessH%osterior '. dome of the right %art of the dia%hragm E. location of the lo#er segment of the lingual

$*.. A !nife #ound that %ierces the anterior chest #all about one>half inch lateral to the sternum but does not enter the heart or lung #ould be most li!ely to damage this structureA. thoracic duct &. su%erior vena cava C. %hrenic nerve '. vagus nerve E. internal thoracic artery $*/. A %atient that has erosion of the lo#er borders of the ribs #ould be a good candidate for having this %roblemA. em%hysema &. he%atitis C. bloc!age of the inferior vena cava as it enters the heart '. bloc!age of the thoracic duct E. narro#ing 0coarctation1 of the %osterior %art of the aortic arch $*3. The sensory innervation to the %eri%heral %ortions of the dia%hragm is by #ay ofA. lo#er intercostal nerves &. %hrenic nerve C. vagus nerve '. greater s%lanchnic nerve E. lesser and lo#est s%lanchnic nerves $*6. 7hich of these structures #ould lie in the connective tissue bet#een ad:acent broncho%ulmonary segmentsA. segmental arteries &. segmental bronchi C. segmental veins '. segmental lym%h vessels E. segmental autonomic nerves $*8. The %osition of the hori;ontal fissure of the lung 0at midins%iration1is indicated by this right costal cartilageA. )nd &. (th C. /th '. 6th E. $*th $$*. The lo#est margin of the %osterior %arietal %leura is usually slightly belo# the nec! of this ribA. $) &. $$ C. $* '. 3

E. 6 $$$. The sternal angleA. is at the same level as the intervertebral disc bet#een the T( nad T. vertebrae &. is at the level #here the aortic arch begins and ends C. is at the level #here the hemia;ygous vein usually :oins the a;ygos vein '. all the above are correct E. only A and & are correct $$). The a%ex of the lungA. lies in the su%erior mediastinum &. continues above the level of the medial end of the clavicle C. is innervated by the %hrenic nerve '. lies anterior to the %hrenic nerve E. lac!s a covering of visceral %leura because it is outside the thoracic cavity $$+. The %ortion of the conducting system of the heart that lies in the atrial se%tum :ust above the o%ening for the coronary sinus is theA. sino>atrial node &. atrioventricular node C. left bundle branch '. right bundle branch E. moderator band $$(. The branch of the aortic arch that arises most %osteriorly is theA. brachioce%halic artery &. right common carotid artery C. left common carotid artery '. left subclavian artery $$.. ,n the u%%er %ortion of the su%erior mediastinum the structure that lies %osterior and to the left of the eso%hagus is theA. thoracic duct &. a;ygos vein C. su%erior vena cava '. left brachioce%halic vein E. left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Thorax Question Ans#ers1 C 2 A 3 E 4 C 5 B 6 D 7 B 8 D 9 A 10 B 11 A 12 A 13 D 14 E 15 E 16 B 17 C 18 A 19 C 20 A 21 A 22 B 23 E 24 A 25 C 26 E 27 B 28 E 29 D 30 B 31 B 32 D 33 C 34 E 35 A 36 A 37 D 38 D 39 C 40 C

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

A B D A A A C E C A D A D B E E B D B A D B A C C A D C A B A E E C E D C C D D

81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115

D A C B A B E A A A C C E E E A E D E E E E D A E E A C B A E B B D A