Revised: 1/12/2010

INTI COLLEGE SUBANG JAYA

COURSE STRUCTURE COURSE: CHM1311 CHEMISTRY 1 (Jan/Jul Intake 2011)

PREREQUISITE: None COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course, the first of a three-semester sequence, is designed to prepare students for the Cambridge A-Level Chemistry examination. The course covers atomic structure, atoms, molecules, stoichiometry, chemical bonds, states of matter, thermochemistry, chemical energetics, chemical equilibrium, reaction kinetics, periodic table Group II elements, Group IV elements, Group VII elements, nitrogen and sulphur. The course also covers AS organic chemistry topics including: hydrocarbons, halogenoalkanes, alcohols, carbonyl compounds, carboxylic acids Laboratory work is required, demonstrating some of the principles covered in the lectures. COURSE OBJECTIVES: On completion of this course, students would have acquired: An insight into the structures of an atom or ion. The ability to write the electron configuration of atoms or ions and understand their significance in determining properties of an element. Knowledge on basic concepts and principles in physical chemistry. The ability to solve quantitative problems related to stoichiometry, solutions, gases, thermochemistry, chemical equilibrium, and acid-base reactions. The ability to predict the type of chemical bonds and shapes of molecules based on the molecular formula and the VSEPR theory and intermolecular forces. Knowledge of chemical reaction kinetics and factors affecting reaction rate. An understanding of periodic trends in chemical and physical properties of elements and their compounds. Insight into the physical and chemical properties of elements from Groups II, IV, V, VII, nitrogen and sulphur. An ability to identify, name and draw structures of the various classes of organic compounds studied. An ability to solve problems involving reactions and syntheses of organic compounds.

COURSE FORMAT: Lecture: 4 hours per week, , Laboratory Work: 2 hours per week. STUDENT EVALUATION: Test 1: 5%, Test 2: 5%, Assignments: 10%, Laboratory Work: 10%. Semester Examination: 70%. SEMESTER EXAMINATION FORMAT: Paper 1 (40 marks, 1 hour) 40 multiple-choice questions. Thirty items will be of the direct choice type and ten of the multiple completion type. All questions will include 4 responses. Paper 2 (60 marks, 1 hours) A variable number of structured questions all compulsory. The total marks of 100 will be scaled to 70% GRADING SCALE: A* (90 - 100), A (80 89), B (70 79), C (60 69), D (50 59), E (40 49), O (35 39), U (0 34). Note: Cambridge A-Level Grading Scale A-Level results are shown by one of the grades A, B, C, D, or E indicating the standard achieved, grade A being the highest and grade E the lowest. Grade O indicates failure at Advanced Level but the attainment of at least grade C at Ordinary Level. Grade U indicates that the candidate has failed to reach the standard required either for a pass at Advanced Level or for the award of grade C at Ordinary Level. This will be reported on the statement of results but not on the certificate.

CALUK: CHM1311 Chemistry 1

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BASIC TEXT: 1. Ratcliff, B., Eccles, H., Raffan, J., Nicholson ,J., Johnson, D. & Newman, J. AS Level and A Level Chemistry (Edition 2004) Cambridge University Press (ISBN 0521544718)

REFERENCES: 1. Ramsden, E.N., A-Level Chemistry. 4th ed., Stanley Thornes, 2000. 2. Lister, T. & Renshaw, J., New Understanding Chemistry for Advanced Level. 3 rd ed., Stanley Thornes, 2000. 3. Briggs, J.G.R., Chemistry. 2nd ed., Longman, 1990. Lecture (hours) 4

Topics Atomic Structure Atomic particles, Structure of atoms and ions, Isotopes, Electronic configuration of atoms and ions, The Octet Rule, 18-Electron Rule and Inert Pair effect, Ionization energy, Shapes of orbitals. Atoms, Molecules and Stoichiometry(1) Relative mass of atoms, molecules, ions and isotopes, Atomic mass scale, The mole and Avogadros constant, Avogadros Law, Empirical formula and molecular formula, Empirical and molecular mass from percentage composition and combustion reactions. Redox reactions: Electron transfer during oxidation and reduction, Oxidation number, Change in oxidation number during redox reaction, Disproportionation Stoichiometry (2) Concentration of solution (molarity), Balancing equations, Dilution of solutions, Calculations involving stoichiometry, Limiting and excess reactants, Stoichiometry in solutions. Acid-base titrations and indicators Chemical Bonds Dot and cross diagrams, The electrovalent bond, Covalent bonds, Bond energy and bond length, Electronegativity and type of bond, VSEPR and shapes of molecules and ions, Shapes of molecules with multiple bonds (Benzene A2), Polar molecules and dipole-dipole bonds, Van der Waals forces, Hydrogen bonds, Dative bonds, Metallic bonds. Test 1

States of Matter I Kinetic theory of matter, Real and ideal gases, The general gas equation, Daltons law of partial pressure, Gases at STP, Liquids (vapour pressure vs temperature), Energy distribution of gas molecules. States of Matter II Structure of solids, The process of melting and boiling, Types of lattice structure, Ionic, Giant molecular structure, Metallic structures, Molecular structures, Alloys, Insulating properties of refractories and ceramics, Influence of hydrogen bonds on properties of water. Thermochemistry and Chemical Energetics Heat energy, Enthalpy and enthalpy change (H), Enthalpy of formation, Enthalpy of combustion, of hydration, of neutralization and of atomization. Enthalpy Change Measurements and Calculations Enthalpy of solution and hydration, Bond energy calculation. Hesss Law and Born-Haber cycle, Lattice energy calculation (A2),

Chemical Equilibrium Reversible reactions, Dynamic equilibrium, Equilibrium constants K c and Kp, Heterogeneous equilibria, Factors that affect Kc and Kp, LeChateliers Principle and factors that affect equilibrium mixture, Calculation of equilibrium mixture composition, Haber process, Contact process. Bronsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases, Strong and weak acids and bases, Degree of ionization
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CALUK: CHM1311 Chemistry 1

Revised: 1/12/2010

Reaction Kinetics (AS) Measurements of rates of reactions from graphs, Activation energy (Ea), Effect of temperature on rate of reaction, Catalysts: properties and functions, Enzymes, Boltzman distribution. Test 2

Periodic Table Structure of the Periodic Table, Common properties of a group of elements, Changes in properties in a group, Changes in physical properties of elements in a period, Properties of the oxides of the 3 rd period elements, Properties of the chlorides of the 3rd period elements. Group II Elements General characteristics of Group II elements, Reactivities of elements Mg Ba, Thermal stability of Group II compounds, Oxides of Mg Ba, Sulphates of Mg Ba (A2). Group VII Elements General characteristics, Physical and chemical properties of the elements, Hydrides of chlorine, bromine and iodine, The halide ions, Electrolysis of salt solution (brine), Environmental considerations, The important uses of halogens and of its compound. Nitrogen and Sulphur General properties of nitrogen, Ammonia: synthesis, properties and uses, Nitric acid: synthesis and uses, Nitrogen fertilizers: manufacture and environmental considerations, Nitrogen oxide pollution and prevention, Sulphur dioxide: source, acid rain and role in oxidation of nitrogen oxides, Sulphuric acid: production and uses, Sulphur dioxide as a food preservative. Organic Compounds(introduction) Classification, Physical properties, Homologous series, Isomerism: structural and optical, Reaction mechanisms: free radical, addition reaction, electrophilic substitution, nucleophilic substitution, nucleophilic addition. Hydrocarbons Alkanes: nomenclature, production, reduction of alkanes, Alkenes: nomenclature, reaction of alkenes, Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Halogenoalkanes: nomenclature, chemical reactions, uses of halogen compounds, pollution problems of CFCs, Relative strength of C-Hal bond, Alcohols and Phenol Nomenclature of alcohol, Structure of alcohols, Physical properties of alcohols, Chemical reaction of alcohols, Production of ethanol by fermentation, Carbonyl Compounds Nomenclature, Chemical reactions, Reactions of benzaldehyde, Characteristic test for aldehyde and ketone, triodomethane test (A2). Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives Nomenclature, Acid strengths of substituted acids, Preparation of carboxylic acids, Reactions of carboxylic acids

LABORATORY WORK: Experiment Title 1. Preparing a Standard Sodium Carbonate Solution and Determining the Concentration of Hydrochloric Acid 2. Standardising a Solution of Sodium Hydroxide with Ethanedioic Acid 3. Acid-Base Titration between Phosphoric(V) Acid and Sodium Hydroxide
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Revised: 1/12/2010

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13 14 15

Standardising a Solution of an Iron(II) Salt Using Potassium Manganate(VII) Identification of a Group II Carbonate Determination of Molar Mass of a Carboxylic Acid by Titration With Manganate(VII) Ions Determination of the Percentage of Water of Crystallisation in Hydrated Magnesium Sulphate Estimating the Enthalpy Change of Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide Determination of the Rate of Reaction between Thiosulphate Ions and Hydrogen Ions Determination of the Change in Enthalpy of the Reaction between Sulphuric Acid Solution and Sodium Hydroxide Test for Anions Test for Gases and Vapours Action of Aqueous NaOH and Aqueous NH3 on Some Common Substances Identification of Unknown FA3, FA4, FA5 and FA6 Identification of Unknown FB9, FB10 and FB11

CALUK: CHM1311 Chemistry 1

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