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Code No: 07A72102

R07

Set No. 2

IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations,May/June 2012 COMPUTATIONAL AERODYNAMICS Aeronautical Engineering Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Derive the continuity equation /t [

V

dV ] +
S

V dS= 0 assuming

appropriate ow model. Convert this equation to non-conservation form. (b) What are the velocity boundary conditions that are to be prescribed on the surface of a body in viscous and inviscid ows? [10+6] 2. Let = (x, y ) x = x (, ) y = y (, ) Find . and y x

3. Comment upon the statement Shock waves are common phenomena in high speed aerodynamics. What are the methods used to handle them in computational aerodynamics? What are the advantages and disadvantages of these methods? [16]
4. Discuss the mathematical and physical behavior of ows governed by hyperbolic equations with an example of steady, inviscid, supersonic ow over a two-dimensional circular-arc airfoil. [16]
f at x= 0.5 and 1.5 by secondand 5. Given the function f(x) = x3 -5x, calculate f x2 x order central, backward and forward dierencing. Use step sizes 0.00001, 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3. Determine the numerical error for each computation. [16]

6. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Physical Meaning of Substantial derivative

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[16]

(b) Vector processors.

7. (a) What is grid adaption?

[8+8]

(b) Explain (i) Its need in a ow domain.

(ii) Role played by it on the numerical solution with an example for two dimensional steady ow in a pipe. [4+4+8]

8. (a) Draw the geometry of elements used in structured and unstructured grids. (b) Why do the structured grids provide better solutions than unstructured grids? [8+8]

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Code No: 07A72102

R07

Set No. 4

IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations,May/June 2012 COMPUTATIONAL AERODYNAMICS Aeronautical Engineering Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. Explain grid point clustering with neat sketches.

[16]

+ (V ) = 0 assuming an appropriate ow 2. (a) Derive the continuity equation t model. Convert this equation to non-conservation form.
(b) What are the dierent types of temperature boundary conditions that are generally prescribed on the surface of a body in viscous ows? [10+6]
3. Consider the function (x, y) = ex +ey . Consider the point (x, y) = (1, 1) (a) Calculate exact values of
x

and

at this point.

(b) Use rst-order forward dierences with x = y = 0.1, to calculate approximate values of and at point(1, 1). Calculate the percentage dierence x y when compared with the exact values. (c) Use second-order central dierence with x = y = 0.1, to calculate approxand imate values for at point (1, 1). Calculate the percentage dierence x y when compared with the exact value. [4+6+6] 4. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Parabolized Navier-Stokes equations (b) Well-posed problems. [8+8]

5. How is the transformation of equations helpful in solving complex uid dynamics problems? [16] 6. Explain the elliptic grid generation with a simply connected domain and with a doubly connected domain. [16]
7. (a) Describe what is Computational Fluid Dynamics and explain its application in naval architecture.

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(b) What is substantial derivative? Explain its physical meaning.

[8+8]

8. (a) Discuss about a shock tting technique along with its merits and demerits. (b) Explain why integral form of governing equations is more fundamental than dierential form. [8+8]

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Code No: 07A72102

R07

Set No. 1

IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations,May/June 2012 COMPUTATIONAL AERODYNAMICS Aeronautical Engineering Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. Explain grid clustering with any two applications.

[16]

2. Consider the following system of perturbed equations for irrotational, two-dimensional, inviscid, steady ow of a compressible gas: 2 (1 M )u /x + v /y = 0 u /y v /x = 0 where u and v are small perturbation velocities measured relative to the free stream velocity. Classify this system of equations using eigen-value method. [16] 3. Derive the Navier-Stokes equations for a viscous ow assuming an appropriate ow model. [16] 4. (a) How is Computational Fluid Dynamics helpful as a research tool? Illustrate with an example. (b) How is Computational Fluid Dynamics useful as a design tool? Illustrate with an example. [8+8] 5. Explain Von Neumann stability analysis with an example. 6. What are doubly connected and simply connected domains? 7. Show that with a generalized coordinate transformation, the equation u = 0 many be expressed as U + V = 0 where U = U , V = + x J y U = ux + y , V = ux + y .

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[16] [16]
V J

and [16]

8. (a) Explain the relevance of conservation and non-conservation forms for handling shocks in computational uid dynamics. (b) Discuss why integral form of governing equations is more fundamental than dierential form. [8+8]

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Code No: 07A72102

R07

Set No. 3

IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations,May/June 2012 COMPUTATIONAL AERODYNAMICS Aeronautical Engineering Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. Explain with sketches the salient features of shock capturing and shock tting methods used to handle shock waves. What are the advantages and disadvantages of these methods? [16]
2. (a) What is CFD? Explain the reasons for the present growth of CFD in aerospace applications.

(b) Explain briey nite control volume approach and innitesimal uid element approach of models of uid ow. [8+8] 3. What is the importance of ne mesh very close to the boundary in viscous uid ow application? [16] 4. (a) Explain the implicit formulation with an example.
(b) What is the use of Thomas algorithm?

5. Explain conservation and non-conservation forms of governing ow equations with illustrations from continuity equation. Comment on Integral form versus dierential form of the governing ow equations. [16]

6. Discuss the mathematical and physical behaviors of ows governed by parabolic equations with examples of unsteady thermal conduction in two and three dimensions. [16]
7. (a) Write the advantages of an unstructured grid. (b) Why are structured grids prefered in Aerospace applications?
8. Let u=u(x,y)

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[12+4]

[8+8]

x=x(, ) y=y(, ) , u and express Jacobian determinant. nd u x y

[16]

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