Chapter 1 Attributes of Human Intelligence Value points:

Assessment refers to the measurement of psychological attributes of individuals and their evaluation. It is of two types-formal and informal. Basic psychological attributes-intel ligence, aptitude, interest, personality, values. Aptitude tests- It is meant to measure individuals potential to predict future performance. It is of two types: independent and multiple apt itude tests. Some of the aptitude tests are:

Differential Aptitude Tests (DAT) General Aptitude Tests Battery (GATB) Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB)

Following are the main intelligence theories:

Alfred Binet- Uni or one factor theory Charles Spearman-Two factor theory Louis Thurstone-Theory of primary mental abilities Arthur Jenson-Hierarchial model of intelligence J.P.Guilford-Structure of intellect model Howard Gardner-Theory of multiple intelligence Robert Sternberg-Triarchic theory of intelligence J.P.Das-PASS model

William Stern gave the concept of IQ, which can be calculated by:

IQ=MA/CA100 7. Different levels of retardation: Mild Retardation IQ 55-69 Moderate Retardation IQ 40-54 Severe Retardation IQ 25-39 Profound Retardation IQ below 25

8.Types of intelligence tests:

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Individual or group tests Verbal, non verbal or performance tests Culture fair or culture biased tests

Some intelligence tests developed in India:

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Bhatias battery of performance tests Draw a Man Test by Pramila Pathak Group Test of Intelligence by Bureau of Psychology, Allahabad

.Salovey and Mayer gave the concept of Emotional Intelligence. 11.Basic features of creative tests are: open ended, divergent thinking, express imagination.

Key Terms: 1. Giftedness 3.Emotional intelligence 5.G-factor Fill in the blanks: (1 marker)

2.Cognitive assessment system 4.Fluid intelligence 6.Individual difference/situationism

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Assessment can be _______________ or _______________. Who among the following defines intelligence as the aggregate or global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally and to deal effectively with the environment? - Spearman - Binet -David Wechsler - Galton Psychological attributes are _______________________. Aptitude tests are used to ___________ what an individual will be able to do if trained. _______________ are enduring beliefs about an ideal mode of behaviour. _______________ involves seeking info from a person on a one-on-one basis. _______________ defined intelligence as the ability to judge well, understand well and reason well. Intelligence consists of one similar set of abilities, which can be used for solving every problem, is called ____________________________. Who among the following was the first person to devise systematic tests to measure intelligence of children? - Terman - Thorndike - Binet - Wechsler ________________ proposed the two factor theory of Intelligence. Athletes, dancers, actors, gymnasts, surgeons possess __________________ Intelligence. Sternberg`s ____________________ of Intelligence represents the Information processing approach to understand intelligence. Binet with a collaborator named_____________________ devised a scale consisting of 30 tests arranged from the simplest to the most complex.

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________________ of Stanford University revised Binets scale intended for school children in the United States. The ratio which states the relationship between the mental age and the chronological age is called _______________________________. Which of the following is not only a measure of relative brightness, but is also a measure of the individuals rate of intellec tual development? - M.A - I.Q - E.Q - C.A ________________ devised the concept of I.Q. Aptitude tests are available in two forms _______________________ and ________________________ aptitude tests. __________________ has developed an Indian version of DAT. ____________________ intelligence not only helps in better career building, but also encourages in developing better relationship and better health in later life. An I.Q below ____________ is generally considered retarded. Tests designed to measure capacities, that is to predict what one can accomplish with training, are called___________________. __________________ and ____________________ are the best examples of performance tests. Test of General Mental Ability is an example of ____________________ test. ___________________ constructed an intelligence test in Hindi in 1930`s. ___________________ attempted to standardize Binet`s test in Urdu and Punjabi. ___________________ was the first person to give the concept of Mental Age. For fraternal twins reared together, the coefficient of correlation of intelligence scores is about _____________. A person with an IQ score of 28 and whose functioning is at the same level would be considered ________________. - Severely Retarded - Mildly Retarded - Profoundly Retarded Thurston felt that intelligence could be broken down into a number of primary abilities. To find these abilities he applied the method of _______________.

Expand: (1 marker)

1.

PASS

2. IQ

3. MA and CA

4. AAMD

5. DAT

6. CAS

State true or false: (1 marker)

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Self-report is a method in which a person provides factual information about himself or herself. The Situationist perspective views human behavior as resulting from interaction of external and internal factors. William Stern proposed the concept of Mental Age. The Two Factor Theory does not employ Factor Analysis. Performance on intelligence tests is the only measure for identifying gifted children. Differential Aptitude Tests and General Aptitude Tests Battery are the only Aptitude Tests available. The verbal expression of a severely retarded person is similar to that of a normal person. High incidence of social and emotional problem is observed in gifted persons. You require Componential Intelligence when you see a word embedded in a paragraph and have to infer its meaning from the context. Street-smart persons are high on Experiential Intelligence.

Define: (2markers) 1. Assessment

2. Aptitude

3. Psychological Tests

4. Case study

1.

Street Smartness 6. I.Q

7. Two Factor Theory

8. Culture

1.

Interest

10. Technological Intelligence

Very Short Type Answers: (2markers)

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What are the two areas of differences in Human Functioning? What do you mean by individual differences? Why does the behavior of an individual vary from situation to situation? What are intelligence tests? What is information processing approach? Cite differences between formal assessment and informal assessment? State one advantage of Intelligence Tests. Differentiate between Interest and Aptitude? Give the definition proposed by Wechsler. What is the main difference between psychometric approach and information processing approach? Mention the three dimensions of Structure-of-Intellect Model. Who proposed the Theory of Primary Mental Abilities? What are the two categories of intellectual functioning? State the characteristics of Emotionally Intelligent people. Mention the cultural factors that affect Technological Intelligence.

Short Type Answers: (3 markers)

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Cite the major difference between talent and giftedness? How does a teacher view giftedness? How can you identify a gifted child? State the differences between Culture Fair Tests and Culture Biased Tests. Differentiate between Technological Intelligence and Integral Intelligence. How did Vygotsky view culture? Mention the characteristics of a gifted child. Explain briefly the facets of intelligence in the Indian Tradition? How can you measure Aptitude? Differentiate between verbal and non-verbal tests. What is observational learning? State two ways in which environment influences human behavior. Explain Naturalistic Intelligence? Differentiate between interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence?

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What is planning in intelligence according to J.P.Das?

Long Type Answers: (4 markers)

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What are the different methods used for psychological assessment? Differentiate between the two variations in Intelligence levels? What are the various types of Intelligence tests available? Differentiate between simultaneous and successive processing. Give suitable examples. Describe the status of intelligence testing in India? What are the uses of aptitude tests? Is concept of intelligence similar across cultures?

Very Long Type Answers (6 markers)

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What are the various domains of psychological attributes? What are the components of PASS model of Intelligence? Name the famous psychologists credited for developing creativity tests. State the basic features of Creativity tests Explain the Theory of Multiple Intelligence in detail?

HOTS:

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How can you say that Intelligence is interplay of nature and nurture? Critically examine. Intelligence can affect the individuals ability to cope with the demands of the society. Comment. Creativity and Intelligence go hand in hand. Discuss. Intelligence is not a single entity. Examine the following statement with suitable examples.