KNE342: Power Systems 1

September 2004

Tutorial 8: Per-Unit System

Problem 1 A 300 MVA, 20 kV three-phase ge erator has a s!btra s"e t rea#ta #e o$ 20%& 'he ge erator s!pp("es a !mber o$ sy #hro o!s motors o)er a *4-km tra sm"ss"o (" e ha)" g tra s$ormers at both e +s, as show o the o e-(" e +"agram o$ ,"g&P1& 'he motors, a(( rate+ 13&2 kV, are represe te+ by -!st two e.!")a(e t motors& 'he e!tra( o$ o e motor M1 "s gro! +e+ thro!gh rea#ta #e& 'he e!tra( o$ the se#o + motor M2 "s ot #o e#te+ to gro! + /a ! !s!a( #o +"t"o 0& 1ate+ " p!ts to the motors are 200 MVA a + 100 MVA $or M1 a + M2 , respe#t")e(y& ,or both motors X 2 20%& 'he three-phase tra s$ormer T1 "s rate+ 330 MVA, 230420 kV w"th (eakage rea#ta #e o$ 10%& 'ra s$ormer T2 "s #ompose+ o$ three s" g(e-phase tra s$ormers ea#h rate+ 125413&2 kV, 100 MVA w"th (eakage rea#ta #e o$ 10%& Ser"es rea#ta #e o$ the tra sm"ss"o (" e "s 0&34km& 6raw the rea#ta #e +"agram w"th a(( rea#ta #es marke+ " per ! "t& Se(e#t the ge erator rat" g as base " the ge erator #"r#!"t& 7$ the motors M1 a + M2 ha)e " p!ts o$ 120 a + *0 M8 respe#t")e(y at 13&2 kV, a + both operate at ! "ty power $a#tor, $" + the )o(tage at the term" a(s o$ the ge erator&

,"g&P1: Power system $or Prob(em 1 A swer: 'erm" a( )o(tage 2 19&*3 kV& Problem 2 'he s" g(e-(" e +"agram o$ a ! (oa+e+ power system "s show " ,"g&P2& 1ea#ta #es o$ the two se#t"o s o$ the tra sm"ss"o (" e are show o the +"agram& 'he ge erators a + tra s$ormers are rate+ as $o((ows: :e erator 1: 20 MVA, 13&; kV, Xd 2 0&20 per ! "t :e erator 2: 30 MVA, 1; kV, Xd 2 0&20 per ! "t :e erator 3: 30 MVA, 20 kV, Xd 2 0&20 per ! "t 'ra s$ormer '1: 23 MVA, 220<413&; kV, X 2 10% 'ra s$ormer '2: s" g(e-phase ! "ts, ea#h rate+ 10 MVA, 12541; kV, X 2 10% 'ra s$ormer '3: 33 MVA, 220<422< kV, X 2 10% 6raw the "mpe+a #e +"agram w"th a(( rea#ta #es marke+ " per ! "t a + w"th (etters to " +"#ate po" ts #orrespo +" g to the s" g(e-(" e +"agram& =hoose a base o$ 30 MVA, 13&; kV " the #"r#!"t o$ ge erator 1&

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KNE342: Power Systems 1

September 2004

,"g&P2: Power system $or Prob(em 2 Problem 3 'he rat" gs o$ the ge erators, motors, a + tra s$ormers o$ ,"g&P3 are :e erator 1: 20 MVA, 1; kV, Xd 2 0&20 per ! "t :e erator 2: 20 MVA, 1; kV, Xd 2 0&20 per ! "t Sy #hro o!s motor 3: 30 MVA, 13&; kV, Xd 2 0&20 per ! "t 'hree-phase <-< tra s$ormers: 20 MVA, 13;<420< kV, X 2 10% 'hree-phase <- tra s$ormers: 13 MVA, 13;<413&; kV, X 2 10% 6raw the "mpe+a #e +"agram $or the power system& Mark "mpe+a #es " per ! "t& Neg(e#t res"sta #e a + !se a base o$ 30 MVA, 13; kV " the 40- (" e&

,"g&P3: Power system $or Prob(em 3 Problem 4 'he $o((ow" g +ata app("es to the power system show " ,"g&P4& Power station: ,o!r "+e t"#a( ge erators ea#h rate+ at 11 kV, 123 MVA a + o$ sy #hro o!s rea#ta #e ?+ 2 0&13 p&!& Ea#h ma#h" e s!pp("es a 123 MVA, 114132 kV, 10% tra s$ormer #o e#te+ to a b!sbar se#t"o e+ as show /the #"r#!"t breaker @ "s ope 0&

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KNE342: Power Systems 1

September 2004

Substation: 'wo "+e t"#a( 130 MVA, 1324** kV, 5&3% two-w" +" g tra s$ormers s!pp(y a #ommo (oa+& Load 'he (oa+ o$ 400 M8 at 0&; power $a#tor (agg" g "s take $rom the ** kV b!sbar& 'h"s b!s "s ma" ta" e+ at *3&3 kV& /a0 6eterm" e the e.!")a(e t #"r#!"t& Neg(e#t res"sta #e a + treat the (oa+ as "mpe+a #e& 1e+!#e the etwork to the s"mp(est $orm& /b0 =a(#!(ate the term" a( )o(tage o$ the ge erator& A s& 15&49 kV&

132 kV

132 kV

50 km 0.4 Ohms/km 80 km 0.4 Ohms/km

100 km 0.4 Ohms/km

66 kV Load ,"g&P4: A" e +"agram o$ system " Prob(em 4

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