Table of Contents

Objectives: ................................................................................................................................. 2 Apparatus: ................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. Method of approach: .................................................................................................................. 4 List of components and circuits: ................................................................................................ 4 Direct Control of a single acting cylinder .............................................................................. 4 Indirect Control of a single Acting cylinder .......................................................................... 5 Condition 1: Normally closed valve .................................................................................. 5 Condition 2: Normally open valve ..................................................................................... 6 Indirect control of a double acting cylinder ........................................................................... 7 Condition 1: 4/2 DCV with single pilot operated and one push button ............................. 7 Condition 2: 4/2 DCV with double pilot operated and two push buttons .......................... 8 Discussion .................................................................................................................................. 9 Conclusion: .............................................................................................................................. 11 References ................................................................................................................................ 11

Objectives:
1. To identify and understand the use of basic pneumatic components and circuit 2. To distinguish the application of single and double acting cylinder 3. To understand the application of direct and indirect control of single and double acting cylinder

Apparatus:
Equipment Air supply system symbol pictures

Service unit with lubricator (simplified representation).

3/2 DCV push button

Single-acting cylinder, spring return, exhaust without facility for connector Double-acting cylinder with singleended piston rod

Directional control valves: 3/2way single-pilot pneumatic valve, pneumatically actuated in one direction, spring return, normally open

Directional control valves: 5/2way double-pilot pneumatic valve, pneumatically actuated in both directions

Directional control valves: 5/2way single-pilot pneumatic valve pneumatically actuated in one direction, spring return

Method of approach:
1. All components are identified from the diagram. 2. The pneumatic components are assembled according to the diagram. 3. The circuits are being tested to identify the operation.

List of components and circuits:

Direct Control of a single acting cylinder

1. Single Acting Cylinder Spring Return 2. 3/2 Directional control valve (DVC)- push button operated

Figure 1: Connection of the component for direct control of a single acting cylinder

Indirect Control of a single Acting cylinder

Condition 1: Normally closed valve

2 3

4
1. Single acting cylinder, spring return 2. 3/2- normally closed, single pilot, directional control valve 3. 3/2 directional control valve (DVC)- push button operated 4. Air supply system

Figure 2: Connection of the component for indirect control of a single acting cylinder for condition 1

Condition 2: Normally open valve

2 3

1. Single acting cylinder, spring return 2. 3/2- normally closed, single pilot, directional control valve 3. 3/2 directional control valve (DVC)- push button operated 4. Air supply system

Figure 3: Connection of the component for indirect control of a single acting cylinder for condition 2

Indirect control of a double acting cylinder

Condition 1: 4/2 DCV with single pilot operated and one push button 1

1. Double acting cylinder 2. 3/2- normally closed, single pilot, directional control valve 3. 3/2 directional control valve (DVC)- push button operated 4. Air supply system

Figure 4: Connection of the component for indirect control of a double acting cylinder for condition 1.

Condition 2: 4/2 DCV with double pilot operated and two push buttons 1

2 3

4 5

1. Double acting cylinder 2. 4/2- double pilot, directional control valve 3. 3/2 directional control valve (DVC)- push button operated 4. 3/2 directional control valve (DVC)- push button operated 5. Air supply system

Figure 5: Connection of the component for indirect control of a double acting cylinder for condition 2

Discussion
Suitable improvement for the pneumatic system

1. The usage of suitable material for the pneumatic connections and tubing with different characteristic and resistance properties. The usage of suitable material regarding to the condition of working will maximize the life cycle of the pneumatic tubes so that the air flow not leak and hence will reduce the system performance. The leakage tubes also contribute to the decrease of the pressure that supply by the compressor and this may cause the machines pneumatic systems efficiency to drop, hence lessen the quality of work that need to be done.

2. The usage of more practical pneumatic valve which have high durability and reliability properties so that the valve can be used with less care and can be used in the extreme working condition also can last in the long time period before need to change for the new valve. The valve also enhanced to allow the higher flow rate of compressed air without needing the large space area for the valves installation. The valve need to be small to save the working space but with high efficiency of work. The valve also may easy to install quickly without errors and also may have a wide variety of connection options to optimize the usage of the valve.

3. The usage of the sensor that have universal compatibility with any slot and round cylinders. The sensor will easy to mount to the slot and easy to adjust to the desirable and suitable position. The sensor also need to be sturdy such as central mounting for secure fitting in the slot so that the sensor will remain fix at the place without any slight of movement that will affect the sensor detection. The sensor may designed to be flexible enough for the user to freely configure the cable length and able to be set at any possible places. The cables of sensor need to be standard for use with energy chains and robots. To enhance the longer service life of the sensor, all the reel switches may coated with internal protective circuit.

4. The system also can be improved by making a good design of the circuit. Making a good design is by using the right component with the right position and make the circuit will run smoothly. There a lot of pneumatic component that has different function. So choosing the right one can improve the system.

5. The use of simulation using software also can improve the system. From the software the analysis of the circuit can be made and use the data to make improvement. There is a lot of software available for example fluidDRAW which use as aid in pneumatic circuit design. Other than that, Automation studio which is more advance software. Many things can be done using this software for example pneumatic circuit design, pneumatic simulation, virtual system design and many more.

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Conclusion:
This experiment had achieved its objective where it teach the students to identify and create the pneumatic circuits with all the necessary components. Other objective such as identifying the differences of the indirect control of single and double acting cylinder with direct control of the single and double acting cylinder can helps students to get more understanding on how the pneumatic system works by varying the usage of the components. This also tell the student on each system have their own function and used

References
1. www.festo.com 2. http://inventors.about.com/od/pstartinventions/a/pneumatic.htm

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