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Date: ______________
1. According to the text, identify three things that have slowed democracy in Africa.
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2. What problems did colonial rule create?
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6. Why was the African National Congress formed?
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Struggle for Democracy
By the late 1980s, several riots had taken place. Blacks angrily struck back against apartheid.
People in other nations also opposed apartheid. They boycotted, or would not buy, goods
produced in South Africa. They hoped the boycott would persuade the South African government
to end apartheid. In 1990, President F. W. de Klerk took that step. He made the ANC legal and
released ANC leader Nelson Mandela from prison. The South African parliament passed a law
ending apartheid. In April 1994, all South Africanseven blacks were able to vote in an election
for a new leader. The ANC and Mandela won easily. In 1996, the new government approved a
new constitution. It gave equal rights to all South Africans.
Summary:
How did colonial rule limit the democracy of some African nations?
OBJECTIVE SEVEN ACTIVITIES: Read the following excerpt from Nelson Mandelas book, Long Walk to Freedom.
Complete one of the following Objective Activities.
Option 1: Answer the following questions in complete sentences, citing evidence from the text.
1. Can you think of a time in your life that you or someone you know had a choice between using violence to
accomplish a goal? What choice was made? Was it effective? Why or why not?
2. Why did Nelson Mandela support non-violent civil disobedience?
3. What does Mandela mean by purely ethical grounds?
4. Were Mandelas reasons for supporting non-violence civil disobedience the same as Gandhis?
Option 2: Write a conversation that might occur between Nelson Mandela and Gandhi regarding the use of
non-violence. Include in your conversation each mans perspective on non-violent civil disobedience, and
some experiences each had that led them to that perspective. Your conversation should be at least one page
long, should cite specific information from the text and notes, and should include vocabulary from the unit list.
Option 3: Watch the Apartheid BrainPop. Take the Quiz and complete the Activity graphic organizer (not the
vocabulary graphic organizer).