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This test procedure will describe the methods of testing of Distance Protection relay at construction/project sites. Instruments and test supply requirements: - aptop for communication with omicron and relay. Test Plugs and leads. !ph" #$%& supply with proper earth for 'micron Test (quipment. ') $ph" *!+& supply with ,&P*-/*./T/)0 Test (quipment. Digital multimeters. Test leads. Notes: 1. Programme the relay at appro2ed settings if they are a2ailable" else testing can be done at factory settings. 3. Please ensure that current during any test not to e4ceed more that * 1mp for relay with ! 1mp rating. If the current e4ceeds * 1mp then the thermal heating of the relay is to be considered and sufficient time gap to be maintained for cooling. Pl. refer technical data in section !% of relay manuals for more details. 5. )eadings obtained during testing should be recorded in attached 5ommissioning Test )eport. D. 6or permissible 2ariations in current please refer the technical details mention in relay manual in section !%.

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Detail Procedure: !. Physical Inspection: 5arry out physical inspection for transport damage" au4iliary dc/ac 2oltage" proper earthing and nameplate details. 1lso chec7 wiring tightness and 5T shorting lin7s. #. Put test/ser2ice switches in test position. Insret the test plug and connect the test leads for $ phase current 8Ter !"#"$9*:" 2oltage 8Ter +";",9-: and trip leads 8Ter .9!%:.

$. <easured 2alue chec7: Inject rated three currents and 2oltages and chec7 the displayed measured 2alues and record them in test report. This test ensures that all your current and 2oltage connections are proper. *. Direction Test: 5hec7 the =one direction test by bloc7ing tripping of all =ones and apply # 1mp current with fault in =one and change angle of 2oltage with angle of current fi4ed. )ecord the readings of angles when the relay changes the direction. The change in direction can be chec7ed from spontaneous annunciation of digsi" 6unction >o. $,!.-Distance pic7 up forward and 6unction >o. $,#%- Distance pic7 up re2erse. (lse program the functions on two spare (D?s and test the feature. +. $Io threshold: To test $Io threshold chec7 setting of address !#%$. 3loc7 all trips" apply =ero 2oltage and increase current in one faulty phase. >ote the current at which the relay trips on distance fault. ;. Iph@ current threshold: To test phase Iph@ current threshold chec7 setting of address !#%#. 3loc7 all trips" apply =ero 2oltage and increase simultaneously current in all three phases. >ote the current at which the relay trips on distance fault. ,. $&o threshold: To test $&o threshold chec7 setting of address !#%*. 3loc7 all trips" apply ;$.+ 2olt for all three phases and # 1mp current in all three phases 8three phase symmetrical fault:. Alowly reduce 2oltage of one phase only. >ote the 2oltage at which the relay trips on distance earth fault. )eading the spontaneous annunciations of the relay with laptop" we can chec7 the earth fault tripping" 6unction >o. $;,+- Distance pic7 up earth. >ote: distance relay may trip on phase fault while reducing 2oltage" ignore the same and reduce 2oltage further till the (/6 pic7-up. -. )each test
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This test can be done easily with 'micron test 7it as follows. (4port the =ones in rio format from the settings menu of digsi. The setting can be sa2ed in floppy dri2e and then transferred to the omicron laptop. Them import it in omicron test 7it from the distance menu" so that we can see the graphical 2iew of all =ones. 6aults can be injected near the boundaries of =ones and the reach can be noted when there is change in trip time" % deg faults will gi2e resisti2e reach and .% deg faults will gi2e reacti2e reach results. Inject shots in each =one for all types of faults and note the trip time. If the reach test is to be done with ,&P*-/*. test 7it. Aelect the type of fault" 7eep 2oltage 7nob at ma4imum and adjust current to # 1mpere. 1djust the phase shift to =ero. Then slowly reduce the 2oltage and note the 2oltage at which the relay trips on the last =one i.e. =one *. Aimilarly note reading with .% deg phase shift. The pic7 up 2oltage can be calculated from the formula and table gi2en below. 6or the reactance interactions. / pic7 upB I injectedCD reachC E 6or the resisti2e interactions. / pic7 upB I injectedC) reachC E E factor depends on the type of fault and angle and is gi2en in table below. Type of E E 6ault FB Heneral FB Heneral .%/# %/!-%G ,%G ! Phase ! !/8Ain F: ! !/85os F: # Phase # #/8Ain F: # #/85os F: $ phase !IDe !IDe/Dl/8Ain F: !I)e/) !I)e/)l/85os F: /Dl l >ow disable the =one * by 7eeping it trip time to infinity. 1gain note the reading of pic7 up 2oltage at which the relay trips in =one #. 8Jone $ is normally set for re2erse =one:. Aimilarly we can chec7 reaches of other =ones.

.. 3ac7 up o2ercurrent : This feature can be chec7ed by switching '66 distance protection. The pic7 up of definite time o2ercurrent is
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appro4imately same to the set 2alues. 6or the in2erse cur2es the pic7 will be !%K more that the set 2alue of o2ercurrent. The trip time can be chec7ed as per the selected cur2e. 1ll the rele2ant address of settings are mentioned in the test report. 1ll rele2ant address settings are mentioned in test report. !%. (arth fault feature with teleprotection : This feature can be chec7ed by simulating the carrier recei2e signal to the programmed binary input. Lhen carrier signal is recei2ed the tripping is instantaneous. If no carrier signal is recei2ed the tripping is as per set time T$Iop. !!. A'T6: Awitch 'n To 6ault can be chec7ed by injecting current abo2e the set 2alue #.+ 1mp 8address #*%*: and simultaneously gi2ing manual close input. The relay will show A-'-T-6 trip on the display. This feature can also wor7 e2en when 2oltage is absent. >ote down the pic7 up current and trip time at !.+ times the set current. !!- 6') J!3 AI</ 1T( 61/ T 1T J!3 1>D HI&( 1 <1>/1 5 'A( B T)IP 1T % TI<(. !#. Teleprotection for Distance Protection Permissible /nderreach Transfer trip with Jone e4tension Aimulate fault at .%K of line length just after =one! and same time simulate carrier recei2e signal. >ote if carrier signal is recei2ed then the relay trips in JI3 time for faults in J!3" else the relay trips as per indi2idual =one time. 5hec7 carrier signal send for each fault in =one !. Permissible '2erreach Transfer trip with echo. 5hec7 carrier send signal for JI3 faults. Trip time without carrier recei2e binary input signal is equal to Jone #. Trip time with carrier recei2e binary input signal is equal to =one!3 time. If carrier signal is recei2ed and no fault is detected" status of echo signal is as below. Lith 53 '>: echo signal after *% msec. 8Aet *% ms" address #+%#a: Lith 53 '66: echo signal at % msec 8Immediate: Permissible '2erreach Transfer trip with Aignal comparison Aimulate fault at .%K of line length. >ote if carrier signal is recei2ed then the relay trips in JI3 time for faults in J!3" else the relay trips as per indi2idual
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=one time. 5hec7 carrier signal send for each fault in =one!3. Direct Transfer Trip 8DTT: >ote trip for =!b faults after receipt of direct transfer trip 2ia binary input in JI3 time. 3loc7ing mode Aimulate fault in re2erse direction and chec7 carrier send signal. If bloc7ing signal is not recei2ed JI3 is instantaneously tripping. /nbloc7ing mode Aimulate fault in J!3. <onitoring frequency is achie2ed. 5hec7 programmed contact. 5arrier signal send for each fault in =one. !-Lee7 Infeed: 1pply only $-phase 2oltage. Aimulate carrier input signal. Alowly reduce 2oltage of one phase" the relay will trip on wee7 infeed. >ote the $&o 2oltage in the table. #- reduse the time $% sacB min $- cb switch on *- simulate recei2ing signal +- cb will trip

!$. 6use failure: This is chec7ed by injecting nominal 2oltage and current in all three phases and )emo2e one 2oltage" distance is bloc7ed and fuse fail indication appears after !% sec. 3loc7ing of distance protection and switcho2er to bac7 up o2ercurrent can be also chec7ed in the spontaneous annunciation menu. )emo2e all three 2oltages" distance is bloc7ed and relay switches o2er to emergency o2ercurrent mode. )educe slowly one 2oltage and measure fuse failure threshold 2oltage. 6use fail is detected for $&' abo2e $%& 8Aetting $%& address 8#.!!1:: !*. Power swing: This can be chec7ed by injecting nominal 2oltage and current in all three phases. Alowly reduce the 2oltage in small steps until the power swing detected alarm comes and the (D is displayed" if the 2oltage is further reduced then we can chec7 the bloc7ing of =ones as per setting of address If =one! tripping is not bloc7ed then the relay trips in =one! during power swing.

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!+. 6ault records stored in the relay can be chec7ed by downloading for correctness of current and 2oltage 2alues 6ault locator correctness can be chec7ed by injecting reacti2e faults at the =one boundaries and the 7ilometre shown on the display after trip can be 2erified. This 7ilometre is directly proportional with the address !!!% set for secondary reactance ohm/7m. !,- 1/T')(5 'A/)( !- 53 )(1DM T' 3( 5'>6IH1)T #-53 '669'> T' 3( 5'>6IH1)T !;.

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