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Power Line Communication
Applications Study
Power Line Communication
Applications Study
By Phil Sutterlin and Walter Downey
Echelon Corporation
415 Oakmead Parkway
Sunnyvale, CA 94086
1-888-ECHELON (888-324-3566)
www.echelon.com
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Power Line Communications
Power Line Communications
Long Haul
System Architectures
Application Examples
Residential
Residential
Commercial
Commercial
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Wide area connection
Telephone Line
Cable TV network
Paging or cell radio
Hybrid networks
In-home power line network
Communication between devices
over existing AC mains wiring
LONWORKS

power line network

PLT-22 power line transceiver
Home Control Architecture
Home Control Architecture
Patient Monitoring
Services
Other Services...
Appliance Repair
Services
Energy Services
Security Services

Lighting
Appliance
Monitoring
Heating
Security
Metering
PLT-22
Energy
Management
Wide
Area
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ENEL
ENEL
Conntatore Elettronico System Services
Remote meter reading
Remote customer connect/disconnect
Value added services
Connecting 27 million Italian households over 3 years
Home networking infrastructure
Management Center
with LNS
TM
Servers
C Band PLT-22

Data
Concentrator
A Band PLT-22
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Expanded energy
services
Meter reading
Fault monitoring
Internet connection
Energy analysis
Itemized billing
Appliance replacement
cost vs. energy savings
Home and Utility Services
Vattenfall
Vattenfall
Service Provider
PSTN/ISDN
LONWORKS

Network
Internet
Metering
Appliance Fault Detection

Energy Management
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Teknema set-top box
ARM RISC processor
Smart Card reader
LONWORKS

interface card
56kbps modem
Host Application
HTML pages with JavaScript
Web pages interact with user
Any LONWORKS

devices
Lighting control
Thermostat
Security
Bpt and Teknema
Bpt and Teknema
EZ-Home system
LONWORKS

Network
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Ariston product line from Merloni
Home Smart Monitor
Internet access, E-mail, FAX
Note pad, calendar, shopping list
e-Cooking
Download cooking instructions
from an internet recipe to the oven
Power consumption management
Load optimization between appliances
Off-peak-rate high intensity operation
Remote appliance diagnostics
LONWORKS power line communication between appliances
Merloni
Merloni
Net-Washing and e-Cooking
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Samsung
Samsung
LONWORKS Enabled Clothes Washing
All local functions available remotely
Complete status via power line
Built-in PLT-22 communication
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Hyundai
Hyundai
CyberNetics Apartment Automation
Integration of home functions
with building systems
Home appliances
Air conditioning
Heating
Security
Elevator
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Motorola
Motorola
Temporary residence
College dormitory
Seasonal residence
Time share rental
Apartment complex
Prepaid Energy Services
Installed for Salt River Project Utility in Arizona
Improved utility management
Eliminates manual meter reading
No high risk debt
Consumer display shows
Power remaining on card
Consumption history
When to replenish card
PLT-22 Power Line
Communication
Smart Card
Energy Purchase
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Functions:
Automatic Meter
Reading
Environmental
Control
Real Time Pricing
Outage Detection
Tamper Detection
Ameritech/Wisconsin Electric
Ameritech/Wisconsin Electric
LONWORKS

PL
Over Internal
House Wiring
LONWORKS

PL Over
Internal House Wiring
Paging
Radio to PL
Radio outbound
(Telephone Return)
LONWORKS

PL Over
Internal House Wiring
LONWORKS

PL
Over Internal
House Wiring
Telephone
Host Computer
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Utility Demand Side Management
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Services
supported:
Demand-side
management
Meter reading
In-home billing
Time-of-Use
Pricing
2,000 home DSM project in Laredo Texas
CSW Communications
CSW Communications
LONWORKS

in-home
power line network
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Functions
Remote control dimming via the power line
Sends lamp switch status over power line
Lamp switch can be used as a point of control
for other LONWORKS

devices
Compact Design
North American version: 2.2 X 2.9 X 1.5 in
European version: 5 X 10 X 3 cm
Reliable PLT-22 power line communication
Home Control Technology
Home Control Technology
Prototype Plug-in Lamp Controller
For more information contact Michael Tennefoss
Echelon Vice President of Product Marketing
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A Switched-Leg Wall Switch
A Switched-Leg Wall Switch
Echelon prototype switched-leg solution
Local and remote dimming with power line communication
Full functionality with wall switch ON or OFF
No neutral wire required at wall switch
For more information contact Michael Tennefoss
Echelon Vice President of Product Marketing
Wall switch intercepts Hot with no Neutral connection
Line 1
Panel
Neutral
Hot
Switched Hot
Wall
Switch
Ceiling Fixture
PLT-22
Node
Switched
Hot
Hot
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DIST
PANEL
DISTRIBUTION
TRANSFORMER
DIST
PANEL
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277V
3
PANEL
DIST
PANEL
DIST
PANEL
3
PANEL
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N
N
N
120V
3
PANEL
3
PANEL
N
N
N
N
120V
3
PANEL
3
PANEL
N
N
N
N
120V
3
PANEL
3
PANEL
N
N
N
120V
3
PANEL
3
PANEL
N
N
N
120V
3
PANEL
3
PANEL
N
N
N
N
120V
3
PANEL
3
PANEL
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Router
Router
Router
Central
Monitor/Control
Service
Entrance
Switchboard
SLTA or
PCLTA
Router
DISTRIBUTION
TRANSFORMER
Commercial Power Line Architecture
Commercial Power Line Architecture
Twisted pair backbone
To cover large facilities
To cross distribution transformers
Distribution panel routers
Twisted pair to power line router
3-phase coupling
PLA-21 amplifier
Pre-qualify site
Use PLCA-22 Analyzer
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TP Backbone to Power Line Router
TP Backbone to Power Line Router
For details refer to Engineering Bulletin:
Centralized Commercial Building Applications with the PLT-21 Power Line Transceiver
Twisted pair
Backbone
RTR-10
Router Module
PLT-22
Transceiver
3-Phase
Coupling
Circuit
FTT-10A
Transceiver
PLA-21
Amplifier
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C
B
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* Neutral
for Europe
* Earth
North America
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Site Pre-Qualification
Site Pre-Qualification
Use to validate
router quantity
and placement
With the PLCA-22 Communication Analyzer
Measures:
Packet error rate
Communication margin
Power line noise level
Relative power phase
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Enermet
Enermet
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Electric Sub-metering
International Congress Centre
Munich Germany
12 exhibition halls
280,000 m
2
space
Exhibitor meter reading
Over 4,000 electricity meters
LONWORKS power line
communication to meters
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Key Features
Customer billing
Replenishment notification
Usage statistics
Door open alarm
System Architecture
One node per hotel room
Central PC monitoring station
LONWORKS power line
communication to rooms
Twisted pair backbone
450 Room system in Denvers Westin Hotel
Hotel Room Refreshment Center Management
Inntime Systems
Inntime Systems
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Features and functions
Refrigeration control
Air conditioning control
Lighting brightness control
System architecture
3 control nodes per store
LONWORKS power line
communication between nodes
10% reduction in energy consumption per store
Installed in 7200 7-Eleven stores across Japan
Energy Saving System for 7-Eleven stores
Fuji Electric EIC
Fuji Electric EIC
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Alarm system developed
to SOLAS
Requirements
Safety of Life at Sea
Systems in operation
Nippon Yusen Kaisha Line
cruiser Asuka
Crystal Cruises Inc.
cruiser Crystal Harmony
Ship alarm system
Asahi Mechatronic Corporation
Asahi Mechatronic Corporation
LONWORKS

power line communication to each cabin

Emergency Power Line
Interface
Interface
Emergency
AlarmSwitch
Lighting
Battery
Back-up
Status Monitor
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Communication distance can be increased
when the environment can be controlled
Examples: irrigation, train line, TV cable etc ...
Long-haul system definition:
>300 meters (1000ft) between nodes and ...
Un-powered (or lightly loaded) low noise network
Impedance is controlled
Noise is controlled
Long-Haul Applications
Long-Haul Applications
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Bus topology with 2 nodes
For maximum distance terminate each end
(with the characteristic impedance of the wire or ~100 Ohms)
Distance is determined by wire characteristics
The PLT-22 works to >70dB of wire attenuation at 132kHz
or >10km on 24AWG Cat V wire (0.5mm conductors)
Bus topology with many nodes
For maximum distance terminate each end
Distance determined by wire characteristics and node loading
Extend distance of >50 node networks with 1:2 coupling transformer
Flexible topology
Distance is determined many many factors
Use simulation and or PLCA-22 analyzers to verify <70dB signal loss
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...
T T
Long-Haul Architectures
Long-Haul Architectures
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T T
N
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Monitors:
Ground moisture
Soil chemistry
Manages:
Sprinkler control
Maintenance
schedules
Architecture:
~100 nodes/course
LONWORKS

power
line communication
Shares existing
sprinkler wiring
Irrigation Monitoring and Management
Golf Course Systems
Golf Course Systems
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Electro-Pneumatic Braking Systems
Association of American Railroads
Association of American Railroads
Disk
CCU Disk CCU
Inter-Car Connectors
HEU
Inverters
AAR led shift from pneumatic to electro-pneumatic train brakes
Features and benefits;
Up to 70% shorter stopping distances
Graduated brake release reduces fuel consumption
Simultaneous uniform braking avoids wheel slip and wear
Operating savings of $112,000,000 over 20 years
$531/car/year
Architecture
Supports up to 160 cars
Up to 12,000ft (3.6km) trains
Power Line signaling between locomotive and cars
Communication and 230VDC power on 8AWG twisted shielded wiring
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Tratec and Microtask
Tratec and Microtask
Cable TV monitoring
Head-end Operator
Consoles and NSS
LONWORKS FT10 Network
Fiber-Optic Network
Fiber to PLT-22 over
Coax Router
Features and Benefits:
Monitors cable system
integrity
Detects noisy customer
equipment
Noise reduction allows for
more subscribers
PLT-22 Communication
Matched to 75
network
Coexists with cable
signals
Coax HF + PLT-22
FT10 to Fiber Routers
DOOR
MODEM
PCM-01
DOOR
MODEM
PCM-01
DOOR
MODEM
PCM-01
DOOR
MODEM
PCM-01
CATV
Local Loop
Coax
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LONWORKS

Power Line Applications

LONWORKS

Power Line Applications