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LIPPINCOTT COMPANY
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PUBLISHERS
5SRK&-*-*
1914,
1915,
1916,
1917,
BY BY BY BY
J.
J.
B.
B.
J. B.
J. B.
PUBLISHED NOVEMBER, 1914 SECOND EDITION, APRIL, 1915 THIRD EDITION, JANUARY, 1916 FOURTH EDITION, SEPTEMBER,
1917
A.
THIS BOOK
13
AFFECTIONATELY
DEDICATED TO
DR.
ROBERT HUEY
FIRST INSPIRATION
WHO GAVE ME MY
HOSE GROWING
115246
FOREWORD
The
tical
first
book on roses
first
for our
American climate.
the
made
as needed,
and new
editions
embodying them
necessitated
published
many new
it
points of improvement in
to rewrite almost
cultivation that
was imperative
to
for the
work and
half-tones,
and
N. Pierson,
a number of photographs.
to
made
Andorra Nurseries,
securing
George
&
Atkins, of Rutherford,
interest,
FOREWORD
everything possible to give information on varieties
tested
by them.
persons, both amateur
So
many
and
professional,
their courtesy
and
rec-
it
W.
N.
Richardson, Baltimore.
G. C. T.,
Jr.
November, 1916
CONTENTS
CHAPTER
I.
PAGE
15
.
II.
32
105
III.
New
IV. Climbers
118
V. Location
VI.
VII.
and Preparation
133
Ordering
Planting
146
152
161
VIII.
Pruning
IX. Cultivation
176
Index
205
ILLUSTRATIONS
COLOR PLATES
PAGE
Testing Beds klllarney brilliant Reversion of Mrs. Harkness
Frontispiece
Lyon Rose
Specimens of Best Forty-eight Roses
25 27 37
41
42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68
ILLUSTRATIONS
Elli
69 70
71
72
110 Ill 115 119 120 124 130 134 137
154
193
Frau Karl Druschki Geoffrey Henslow Hermosa Christine Wright Climbing Kaiserin Augusta Victoria aviateur bleriot and gardenia
Eisenach Testing Beds on Dr. Huey's Place
Hugo Roller
Joseph Hill
First Blooms on
Seedlings
Alexander Hill Gray Alice Lemon Annie Besant Beaute Inconstante Betty
Carine Constance
Dean Hole
Dorothy Page Roberts Dorothy Ratcliffe Duchess of Sutherland Duchess of Westminster Earl of Warwick Ellen Willmott Eugene Boullet (On same plate with Edward Mawley) Evelyn Dauntessy Farben Konigin Gartendirector Hartrath
(On same plate with Countess of Derby)
George Dickson
12
ILLUSTRATIONS
H. V. Machin
(On same plate with Lady Katherine Rose) Lady Hillingdon Lady Margaret Boscawen Lady Moyra Beauclerc
ILLUSTRATIONS
HALF-TONE PLATES
Rose Cutting Ready for Planting Hybrid Tea and Briar Foliage
Radiance, Multiflora and
18
La France, Grown on Multiflora Seedlings Showing Varied Growths Elli Hartmann Jacques Porcher comte g. de rochemur Robert Huey Jonkheer J. L. Mock, Grown on Multiflora Chateau de Clos Vougeot, Grown on Multiflora Madame Jules Bouche
Ophelia
20 22 25 25 27
30 30 33
33 36 36 40 40 125 125 127 138 148
155 155
Moonlight Tausendschon
Furstin Von Pless, Regular and Special Beds Joseph Hill, Regular and Special Beds Climbing Hermosa, Diversity of Plants of Same Variety Label Used in Testing Beds Label Used by J. Horace McFarland Label Designed by F. F. Christine Daily Mail, Pruned High and Low Hybrid Tea Rose, Not Pruned But Allowed to Develop
Same Rose Properly Pruned 168 177 Rose Needing no Disbudding Rose Needing Disbudding; Rose After Being Properly 177 Disbudded
Aphis
Thrip
178 178 180 Borer 180 Rose Slug 180 Leaf Eaters 182 Black Spot Effect 182 Destruction Caused by Leaf Eaters Rose With Petals Removed, Showing Stamens and Anthers 197 Same Rose With Most of Stamens and Anthers Removed 197
Seed Pod on a Hybrid Tea Rose Which Has Been 199 Hybridized
14
him
to compre-
In order that he
may
understand the
following chapters,
selection of
this
and the general scheme of the varieties and the ordering of the same,
It is not the
all
home
the
it
For
who may
exhaustive
Seeds, layering
budding and
principal methods.
15
D. H. HILL
LIBRARY
plants of their
original species.
own kind
Seeds of
In other words,
new varieties.
' '
Experiments with
Plants,"
by Osterhout, goes
ment
of seeds.
LAYERING
Many
that
is,
plants and
some
roses increase
by layering,
and
Layering
not practised to
any great
results,
extent, as
it is
a longer
time to accomplish
in greenhouse or nursery.
Layering
is
now
Ellwanger
cites
is
accom-
plished
known
held in place
by various methods.
Roots are
may
and becomes
a complete plant.
Pemberton, in "Roses
Their
History, Develop-
ment and
SUCKERS
and
explicit
instructions on layering.
"Many
Rugosa, Alpina,
etc.,
increase
by throwing out
springing
up
at
less,
CUTTINGS
Cuttings are
slips
soil,
grow roots
of their
become
as the plants
cut.
and better
of
no practical
use.
No
doubt
many
persons
who have
in other plants,
such as carnations and geraniums, which are propagated almost entirely by this method.
cult-
may be
is
relied upon,
open to debate,
as, in
The main reason for their failure is that new varieties are weak growers and cannot of their own accord win the fight for existence, even under favorable conditions. As conditions in
budding.
many
of the
its
would be easy
for
any one
to
of
would be
fully justified.
many good
it
articles
on
cuttings,
the best, as
treats of cuttings
under
and
Fig.
budded upon
of
it.
becoming a part
budding
is
The
off
actual operation of
merely to cut
it is
the dormant
bud from
in the
the
bud
When
growth
vitality of
it
a proved
the nourish-
ment which a
are
Man-
A few
Multiflora,
well
on
it.
Undoubtedly the
made
in this
most important
19
budding on
cuttings are
be
tried.
If
employed, very
many
roses.
First,
not
worth consideration.
The second and main reason is that the stocks upon which the roses are budded throw up shoots of their own below the bud, usually
called suckers, which,
if left,
ment
of the roots
upon their appearance, because they come up from the ground outside the plant and also
because of their different habit of growth, containing,
as they do, seven
varieties.
(Note
The
foliage is of
much
the
is
from
bud
and
its
It is
fully digging
up
with a
and
only
In addition, this
it
main reason
is
budded
IIHIAR FOLIAGE
lateral.
ilu-
left, ordinary Hybrid Tea foliage showing Eve leaves on each showing plainly seven leaves on tin' lower laterals. Note also
On
greater
number
easily detected.
To Man-
to three inches
as hereafter advocated.
planted
less
of suckers.
Multiflora
is
One reason for the lack of suckers is that the is budded from seedlings, while the Briar usually budded from cuttings, in which case there
dormant eyes below the point where the bud
;
are
is
bud
is
inserted
when
shipped.
much outdoor
growth,
ment was made with own root stock. One bed was made, and over fifty
roses
on their
it
own
side
roots
and
fifty
budded
21
by
and established
varieties, and,
grower
first
own root plants, purchased from a who advocates their use. At the end of the summer the difference was plainly apparent and
in favor of the
was strongly
end
of
budded
plants.
At the
this
and budded
roses are
recommended
for all
The
results,
roses
which do well on
their
own
roots
must
from
and should
field
fall
dormant
grown
and
for the
Such plants
will
fall
and
growers the
own
In
roses, originally
planted in the
autumn
of 1900
still
in 1907, are
have died
in over
fif-
teen years.
22
flourishing,
life
and
is
this
certainly
all
that can be
In the testing of
new
new
varieties
than in
twenty plants a
new
seem that a
tried stock
is
viz., its
own.
will
be discovered for
is
on
their
own
and be
satisfied
L.
H. Bailey, should be
is
process which
may
first
year, after
make
as
much
plained above,
is
Hybrid Teas.
Grafting
which,
if
is
a part
be propagated
is
grafted
begins;
at once
a very
much
quicker
operation,
skill
and
is
used to obtain
quick results.
grafted
Seedlings
to
There are
but the
is
in grafting,
for cuttings
and budding
clear
and
explicit information
these subjects.
24
NEW
New
SPORTS
VARIETIES
developed in two ways
by sports and
seedlings.
When
this
new
variety.
As
well
known and
bloom
itself:
La France,
of
&
deep pink.
is
now
of the petals
was
With
parents;
these two
new
of the plants
it
was only
change manifested
itself.
number
of times,
giving
among
others
the
name
implies, of a
of
which
it
sprang.
Before so
many
when
grown
crosses,
an extent as now,
Of course varie-
which are
are very
much more
growth
or different
which were
Changes
in bloom,
of the Hybrid Teas and some Polyanthas have produced sports which have much more of a climbing habit than the dwarf bush
varieties
is
originated.
The
is
bloom
in
period of flowering
less profuse.
bloom
There
is
parent
with Paul
&
Sons, of
light
Again
it
&
Sons, in Ireland,
Prior
On
known
as Airs. Harkness.
Both
of these
new
came
had plants
It
Harkness.
up shoots with
rose
colored blooms.
rose lovers to
watch
for
such
may
thereby be secured
lost.
SEEDLINGS
Seedlings, as the
name
signifies,
Nearly
all
autumn
of each year
and
new
varieties; in this
manner a great
commercial
different
many
of the
introduced.
rose growers of
varieties of roses,
and by
careful selection
and breed-
new
are of
any
practical use.
men have
new
varieties
John Cook,
of Baltimore,
Maryland
Woods
ington;
W.
A. Manda, of
New
Jersey;
In the
American Rose Annual only twelve men are mentioned as having introduced
country.
ance,
new
varieties in this
Cook introduced
lately he has
My
and
number
good
roses, the
Mac-
Arthur, which
is
one of the
finest all-round
outdoor
Walsh,
Manda
successful in
new
climbers
Walsh's
most notable
and Evan-
is
new
28
In
addition, he
is
making
crosses
between
different raem-
His seedlings
won a
It is
medal at Portland
be on
Following will be found a tabulated record of the breeding of the main varieties in which the Hybrid
Perpetuals and Teas figure.
at
all
It
ses of species and sub-species, but the information given has been taken from such books as Pemberton's
of the breed-
may
be seen at a glance.
There are several authorities who have noted that the exact breeding of the Hybrid Perpetuals is to
some extent problematical. The roses named as the Hybrid Perpetuals' immediate ancestors are generally accepted as such, but some few other varieties
were used in the gradual evolution of
the
first
this class
from
Hybrid Perpetual
was com-
pleted.
The work
of hybridization
is
a most interesting
scientific scale it is
on a
may be secured. No doubt any one cultivating roses to a large extent would greatly
anything of value
Yellow
-Luteae
Damask
Hybrid/)
o(
\ \
*, A K Hybrid
Perpetuals/ V
China
Chance
Hybrid Perpetual../ Bourbon Perpetual
Laffay, 1830.
fertiliza-
tionsupposedly
Held sway
1890
till
X
'Provence
Brought
England
Hybrid Tea
. .
Guillot, 1867
\Hybrid China
France
1600
to from about
X
I
China
later Noisettes.
.(
China
Noisette / Philippe Noisette,
Common
Blush
X
Musk Rose
(Rosa Moschata)
American!
grower, 1817
30
own
must
it is
astonishing
what
results
may
may
be
on
successfully out-of-doors.
this subject
Books on
practical are:
"New
"Fundamentals
In Chapter
zation.
II
Queen
of
Beauty among
the ages she
India, Persia,
Down
in verse
and
story.
The
rose
At
or from
thrown out by an old stock and noticed and propaNature's friend, the bee, did most of the
crossing of varieties, but such progress did not suit rose growers,
of
At once the
rose
list
increased
was
of
extreme
and boundless
possibilities.
sufficient to
place in the
predecessors of
and held
its
sway
until
advantage was
its
short period of
bloom compared
while very
much
Tea
roses
had
existed in
and yet
after the
Hybrid Perpetual,
was not
between the
At once the
desired,
what
it
had so long
Hybrid Perpetuals
cally as often as the
rose that
bloomed
the great
practi-
fine foliage
and
of
perfume.
army
follow,
was La France,
Fils, its
parents being
Madame
33
Bravy.
a Tea
by
Guillot, of
Pont Cherin,
from
Madame
Berard
(of Gloire
first
of
Tea
rose
blood,
is listed
today in the
still
con-
so listed in the
Dutch
Rozennaamlijist of 1909.
After the introduction of these two roses, the work
went on
still
further
and
of
new
roses.
it
seems
an open
quired before a
new
rose of merit
is
secured.
The
new
roses
have guarded
and
little
or
no information as
to their special
methods is obtainable.
rose, the pedigrees of
improvement
of the
may
The
professional breeders
34
would
still
be
make
their profit
from
their
new
roses,
and
this
greatly benefited
by
knowledge.
While
it is
nevertheless a
and
may
it is
be of
interest.
at once
Madame
Souv. de
M.
Verdier,
was obtained;
with
Ferdinand
Jamin,
Madame
obtained.
number
of sports,
most noted
of
which are
is
Lady Mary Fitzwilliam, a pedigree rose introduced in 1882, and one of the parents of Caroline Testout.
In 1894 this rose with Dr.
Rivoire, a rose that
is
Grill
produced Antoine
holding
35
its
own among
the
and
is still
by
far the
Crossed with
La
France, in 1894,
Lady Mary
Fitzwilliam gave
Mrs.
W.J. Grant
a rose
still
when
Kaiserin
Augusta Victoria
is
"The Rose,"
gives
some very
About
the Hybrid
Tea had pushed the Hybrid Perpetual and from that time
class.
While at
much was
is
to be desired in
some
of the
Hybrid
today there
no question about
them
class,
many must be
and some
discarded
The
others,
must
be included in a
bloom common
of
Hybrid Teas,
stiff
many
roses,
varieties
has come
French hybridist, Pernet-Ducher. The first were crosses between Lutea and the Hybrid Perpetuals,
Austrian Briars in
many
catalogues.
many
Many
have
Madame
class
Edouard
Herriot,
is
it
indispensable;
is
provement shown
new
rose.
may be
noticed
in
many
Many
may
be readily
The
foliage is beau-
and
distinct while
it lasts,
and undoubtedly a
made which
rose
it is is
will
improvement than
Madame Edouard
difficult
Lyon
the latter
Unfortunately,
The
winters are
more severe
many
of the roses
us.
which
flourish in
The main
classes are
grown
in
and as standards.
Standards
differ
They
level
easily reached
them
given,
and
this is best
accomplished by placing
it
filling in
with earth.
effect is
produced
by allowing the
low
tree,
trailing shoots of
such plants to
weeping
wil-
called
weeping standards,
in cold winters
than they
It is believed
when grown
in this
manner.
seen
One well-known writer states that he has such a Tea with seventy-five blooms on it at
one time.
and
the
this is
another reason
If used,
why
so extensively.
main
list
are strongly
budded
is
hardier
easily
handled in winter
than standards.
they have been
f
fifty
An
unless
is
given.
in
England
new
varieties;
must be
tried
two years.
In
many
cases
new
varieties
year
it is
erly,
and a year
must be procured.
upon
as worthless
first-class
varieties.
Owing
may
The average
owing to
is
generally
somewhat
this rule.
lists
lighter in color,
Killarney
an excep-
which proves
This rose
is
catalogued
in the
European
a solid light
on the
sunlight, being
and
in the
autumn the
color of
most
roses
is
darker
have a
frosty nights
Mainly
reason given
is
which
will give
list
him the
best
To
secure a perfect
and
end
of this chapter
m*m
MADAME
(Note.
Illustration
.11
ES B01 (III
less
considerably
than
a certain standard.
chance.
During the
fall
of 1914,
included were by
all
ber of
numNot only have many Hybrid Teas been brought out, but the new race of
the situation has greatly changed owing to the
new
roses introduced.
all
these domestic
it
and foreign
been very
roses
has
difficult to
to the value of
every
new
on
trial,
and informa-
Furthermore,
it
as
many
this
many
cases the
Mul-
many
is
others there
little
difference
of the
the cultivating of
rule
was
discovered, but
of such
Where
recommended
hereafter.
of kindly criticism
and
is
comment regarding
much
of
which
and many
of the suggestions
It is therefore
which
making an
of sixteen roses.
and copper
colorings.
It will
be appreciated that
color will, to
main
some
By
plac-
there will be
little
doubt
first
sixteen
have
is
roses.
This
GRANGE COLOMBE
did
f onnerly,
No
in the list of
may
As
an
illustration of this,
exception-
plants,
In very
damp
Madame
is
Bouche
gives
many
light-colored roses,
and
it is
so
be drawn.
of personal preference.
The most
Madame
du
Presi-
dent Carnot,
Mrs.
fair
Harold
enough
For garden
Madame
The perfume
191 J. White
Novelty
Color Fragrance Lasting
In color, growth and blooming Clear and very attractive. Mild. Color good; fragrance brief; form almost perfect.
varies. qualities.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Good
in Fair. Perfect.
flower.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Medium, but varies. May and June 11; July 22: August October and late 15; total 71.
7;
Sept. 16;
Strong; canes living 8 to 12 inches above ground level in the spring. Occasionally susceptible to mildew seldom affected
;
by
spot.
tall
Growth Stem
Plant
Exceptionally fine;
and plenty
of canes.
Prune Note
Long, and fairly upright. 24 inches. 6 eyes. Personal preference for best light-colored rose.
Tea,; Guillot, 1912.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Well above medium. May and June 9; July 15; August 9; September 14; October and late 8; total 55. Strong; canes living 8 to 10 inches above ground level
in spring. Slightly susceptible to
Growth
Sturdy and
erect,
JACQUES PORCHER
22 inches.
5 eyes.
Prune Note
Of distinct color and does best as an all-round rose. Needs a heavy soil. Has done well in the Pacific Northwest with Mr. Currey.
Ophelia; Hybrid Tea; Wm. Paul, 1912. shaded light yellow at base of petals. Novelty In color, shape and lasting. Color Distinct, clear and beautiful.
Fragrance
Salmon
flesh,
center
^sting Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
fair,
Very good
Fair.
in
Perfect.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Medium, not affected by heat to any extent. May and June 9; July 12; August 9; September
October and
late 10; total 45.
"j;
No
level in spring.
Growth Stem
Plant
Somewhat
and
spot.
20 inches.
5 eyes. Ophelia is an improved Prince de Bulgarie, which accounts for the omission of the latter in the list. Ophelia is strongly recommended on account of its beauty of color, although not as profuse a bloomer as the first two mentioned. It does better on the Multiflora than on the Briar.
Prune Note
Guillot, 1914. Passing from white shaded carmine on saffron center, to clear yellow with a darker
;
Novelty
Color Fragrance Lasting
Very
attractive.
Shape
Substance
Petallage
Size.
Mild. Color good; fragrance brief; form good. Fair in bud and open flower.
Fair.
Fair
Medium
varies. to small.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May
16; July 17; August 4; September 14* late 18: total 69. to 12 inches above ground level in
45
Very
large.
24 inches.
7 eyes. Especially recommended as an all-round rose. This variety may be hard to secure in quantity for some time.
Prune Note
Souvenir du President Carnot; Hybrid Tea; Pernet-Ducher, 1895. Flesh shaded white. With us, flesh to light shell pink center. In color and shape. Novelty Most distinct. Color
Fragrance Lasting
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Mild. Color good; fragrance brief; form good. Very good in bud and open flower.
Good.
Perfect.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Well above medium. May and June 9; July 10; August 4; September 6; October and late 5; total 34. Canes living 8 inches above ground level in the spring. Very good; only slightly susceptible to mildew and
Growth Stem
Plant
Not
spot. of the best; tall but not uniform. Fairly long, but quite weak.
20 inches.
5 eyes.
Prune Note
One
of the best light colored roses when grown on the Multiflora; not as good on the Briar unless grown in a special bed.
Rosy
white, shaded
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
In color. Clear and attractive. Mild. Color good; fragrance brief; form good. Attractive in? bud and holding high pointed center when open. Above the average.
Perfect.
of the largest.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May
and June 4; July 12; August 12; September 3; October and late 17; total 48. Canes living 4 to 10 inches above ground level in the
spring.
Growth Stem
Good; slightly susceptible to mildew and spot. Well above the average. Long, but sometimes a trifle weak. 46
'
Prune Note
20 inches. 5 eyes.
While always a good rose on the Briar, never one of the best until grown on the Multiflora.
Shape
1909. Delicate flesh pink yellow, with deeper center; darker in hud form. Color quickly fades in hot weather, becoming almost white. Novelty In color and blooming qualities. Color Good, but not perfect as it contains some lilac Fragrance Mild. Lasting Color fades; fragrance brief; form especially good.
Fair
in
bud; attractive
in
open
flower.
to be dwarf.
Substance
Petallagc Size
petals,
which tend
Medium
to small.
; ;
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Growth Stem
Plant
and June 19; July '21 August 0; September 17: October and late 1 total 58. Canes living 8 inches above ground level in the spring. Immune from mildew, but susceptible to snot
Fair. Fair.
May
20 inches.
5 eyes. Good for low decoration, with
Prune Note
some value
for cutting.
Alex. Dickson & Sons, 1912. Deeply zoned delicate ecru on milk white, becoming silky creamy white. Novelty In color.
Most
beautiful.
Shape Substance
Petallage Size
Mild. Color good; fragrance brief; form good. Fair in the bud; open flower cup shaped.
trifle
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Above the average. May and June 9; July 8; August October and late 3; total 34.
Canes
living 6 to 10 inches spring.
September
9;
above ground
level in the
Growth Stem
Plant
Prune Note
purposes.
47
Flesh to
cream yellow peach center, sometimes with lilac shading. In color, unique form, distinct foliage and stem. Novelty Distinct and beautiful. Color Mild. Fragrance Color good; fragrance brief; form good. Lasting Bud not of the best; opens flat but attractive and Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
pleasing. Fine.
small.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Very large in spring; medium in summer and fall. May and June 8; July 11; August 0; September 6; October and late 2; total 27. Canes living 6 to 8 inches above ground level in the
spring.
Growth Stem
Plant
Leathery, and of great substance; seldom affected by mildew, but sometimes lost by spot. High and strong, but lacking in number of canes. Very long and strong, especially in the spring.
20 inches.
5 eyes.
Its
Prune Note
worst fault
is
little
August bloom.
the spring.
Mrs. Harold Brocklebank; Hybrid Tea; Alex. Dickson & Sons, 1907. Creamy white, center buff; base of petals soft golden
Novelty Color Fragrance
Lasting
yellow; outer petals frequently tinted salmon rose. In color and shape.
Most
distinct
and
lovely.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Good
in
flower.
Very good.
Perfect.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Quite above the average. May and June 13; July 7; August 5; September 7; October and late 6; total 38.
Canes living 8 inches above ground level Practically immune from mildew, but
ceptible to spot. Slightly above medium. Fair length, but liable to be
Growth Stem
Plant
weak
bloom.
20 inches.
5 eyes. This rose
Prune Note
marked in conjunction with the plants of Dr. Huey, who considers it one of the best lightcolored roses. Great improvement when grown in a single-row bed and is so marked.
48
In color.
Very
beautiful.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Mild. Color good; fragrance brief; form fair. Beautiful in bud; quite good in open flower. Slightly above the average.
Perfect.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Above medium. May and June 13; July 18; August October and late 3; total 49.
Canes
living 8 inches
3;
September 12;
Growth Stem
Plant
above ground level in the spring. Somewhat susceptible to mildew and spot. Tall and strong, but lacking in bushiness.
Prune Note
A Briar. difficult rose to classify, as it could be included in either the light colored or yellow section, especially in the fall, when it is quite orange in the center.
Schwartz, 1901. Silvery pink with deeper center. In growth and hardiness and blooming. Novelty Good. Color Mild. Fragrance Color good; fragrance brief; form fair. Lasting
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Bud
Only
fair;
fair.
open flower
loose.
Varies greatly.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
canes
of
11; July 16; August 12; September 5; late 13; total 57. living from 8 inches to 2 feet in the
Only
Growth Stem
Plant
Long and
26 inches.
good strength.
Prune
Note
6 eyes, unless to be used for garden decoration or hedge, when dead wood only should be cut. In midseason strong growth of three feet and over should have 6 to 12 inches removed, as this will insure more fall bloom with .this variety. Fine rose for garden decoration. Does particularly well on the Pacific Coast.
49
but
many
it is
distinct
Ashtown
well
is
either
is
on Multiflora or Briar.
Grossherzog
Friedrich
grethe Moller
unable to secure
Ashtown
is
suggested.
For beauty
of cut flowers
Lady
Mrs. whole
Alice Stanley,
the roses
in
it
Radiance; Hybrid Tea; John Cook, 1912. Light silver flesh to salmon pink. In fragrance, growth and blooming qualities. Novelty Not of the clearest, and tends to blue slightly. Color
Fragrance Lasting
Fair to strong.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Color quite good; fragrance endures; form good. Only fair; bud not long and pointed; flower does not open well. Very good.
Perfect.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Above medium. May and June 15; July 21; August October and late 3; total 51.
Canes
2;
September 10;
living 8 to 18 inches above ground level in the spring. Slightly susceptible to mildew and spot.
50
Very strong.
Long, although not always strong. 26 inches. 6 eyes. While not the best rose for cut flowers, it stands out, on account of its all-round worth and splendid constitution, as the best pink rose in cultivation today. Does best on Multiflora.
1908.
Prune Note
Carmine
Most
Fair.
attractive.
Shape
Substance
Petallagc Size
Bud not
Only
Perfect.
perfect, but
fair.
Above medium.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May and June 8; July 21; August 3, September 11; October and late 7 total 50. Canes living 8 inches above ground level in the spring. Mildews in certain seasons; practically immune from
;
spot.
Growth Stem
Plant
Very good.
Fair only.
24 inches.
5 eyes. In marking for the season of 1916 this rose scored more points in the first summing up than any other rose in the garden, and it has no serious faults. Without disbudding, gives very much more
Prune Note
bloom.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
In color, shape and lasting. Most attractive and beautiful. Mild. Color very good; fragrance brief; form very good. Close to perfection. Above the average.
Perfect.
11 July 20; August 9; September 4; late 5; total 49. living 6 to 8 inches above ground level in the spring. Somewhat susceptible to mildew and spot.
;
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Canes
51
Prune Note
Has improved
greatly on Multiflora; when properly grown on this stock gives nearly twice as many blooms as well-established plants on Briar.
Poulson, 1912.
Dark
rose
slightly.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Color
Fair.
fair;
Deficient in number.
15; July 15; August 8; September 18; late 1 total 57. living 8 inches above ground level in the spring. Slightly susceptible to mildew and spot. Fair. Fair. 20 inches. 5 eyes. Needs time to become established.
;
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May
Canes
Growth Stem
Plant
Prune Note
Pain; Hybrid Tea; Guillot, 1904. Light silvery salmon, center orange salmon. In color. Most attractive. Color Quite distinct. Fragrance Lasting Color good; fragrance fair; form good. Shape Good in bud and open flower; center holds well when open. Substance Average.
Madame Leon
Novelty
Petallage Size
Perfect.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
above the average. and June 10; July 14; August 5; September 7; October and late 5; total 41. Canes living 8 inches above ground level in the spring. Attractive; only slightly susceptible to mildew and
Trifle
May
spot.
Growth Stem
Plant
Prune Note
52
1909.
Deep
coral
on outside
Novelty
Color Fragrance Lasting
Mild to
fair.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Color good; fragrance brief; form very good. Bud not perfect, but open flower very attractive. Well above the average.
Perfect. One of the largest. and June 7; July 13; August 3; September 9; October and late 1 total 33. Canes living 8 inches above ground level to the tips in spring. Very little affected by mildew, but susceptible to spot. Fair. Strong, but usually not of great length. 20 inches. 5 eyes. Especially good for cutting.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May
Growth Stem
Plant
Prune Note
Tea; Pernet-Ducher, 1907. rose pink, carmine center, reverse of petals paler in color. In fragrance, which is wonderful, and growth. Pleasing but tends to lilac. Strong. Color blues quickly; fragrance endures; form good. Lasting Fairly good in bud and open flower. Shape Above the average. Substance Perfect. Petallage Above the average. Size
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May
and June 11; July 13; August 3; September 15; October and late 3; total 45. Canes living 8 to 18 inches above ground level in the
spring.
Growth Stem
Plant
Prune Note
Briar.
J. L. Mock; Hybrid Tea; Leenders, 1910. changing to Imperial pink. Novelty .In color, size, stem and lasting. Color Distinct, but sometimes muddy. Fragrance Fair in spring and fall: mild in midseason. 53
Jonkheer
Carmine
Color blues slightly; fragrance endures except in summer; form almost perfect.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Good
in bud and open flower. Fine. Slightly below the best, except in
fall.
Very
large. 7; July 10; August 1; September 10; late 3; total 31. living 12 inches above ground in spring canes
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May
Heavy
Growth Stem
Plant
light canes vary. Susceptible to mildew and spot. Exceedingly tall, but lacking in bushiness. Usually of great length and strength.
Prune Note
22 inches. 6 eyes.
Unpopular with some growers, but so distinct it must be included for its good qualities. Very much better on Multiflora than on Briar.
&
Shawyer, 1911.
Novelty
Color Fragrance Lasting
attractive.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Good
in
Very good.
Deficient in number.
Blooming
Above the average. May and June 3; July 7; August 7; September 7; October and late 7 ;total31, whichmay be expected
to increase after the second year.
Hardiness
Foliage
Growth Stem
Plant
Canes living from ground level to 6 inches in spring. Only slightly susceptible to mildew and spot. Well above the average. Good and long; of fair strength.
22 inches.
5 eyes. Only tested for two years, but has shown marked promise and has every evidence of becoming a
Prune Note
most popular
rose.
&
Sons, 1898.
With
us,
soft clear light pink to light rose pink. In color. Color Brilliant and attractive.
54
JONKHEER
J.
L.
MOCK
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Bud
Very good.
Deficient in number.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
14; August 5; September 7; late 6; total 41. living S to 10 inches above ground level in the spring. Most susceptible to mildew; also affected by spot.
Canes
Growth Stem
Plant
Prune Note
Madame Caroline
Novelty
Color Fragrance Lasting
form good.
flower.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
in
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Above the average. May and June 10; July 19; August October and late 5; total 42.
Canes
3;
September
5;
living 6 to 12 inches above ground level in spring. Slightly susceptible to mildew and spot.
Growth Stem
Plant
Prune Note
Good but not of the best. Sometimes tends to have a weak neck. 22 inches. 4 eyes. A well-known rose and a universal favorite; grown to perfection in Portland, Oregon, where it is most remarkable. 55
Most
distinct
and
beautiful.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Color blues slightly; fragrance endures; form good. Bud is not long and tends to ball, but open flower not
flat.
Average.
Perfect.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
18; July 20; August 7; September 11; late 11 total G7. living S to 10 inches above ground level in the spring. Susceptible to mildew and spot
;
Growth Stem
Plant
Only
fair.
Prune Note
22 inches. 6 eyes. This rose has been discarded by many, and if not properly grown has bad faults which are especially noticeable in wet seasons. If planted in poor ground in a bed which drains readily and not fed, it is well worth cultivating. It does best on
Multiflora.
RED SECTION
There are very few roses to choose from in
section, the trouble being that nearly all the
this
good
it is
impos-
bloomers.
Beyond
and
light-colored
varieties
faults.
However, Comte G.
all-
round purposes;
it
and
if
carefully disbudded
56
well
worth cutting.
MRS. GEORGE
SHAWYER
KILLARNEY
MacRochemur exceeds it so much in bloomqualities, and in form and size in hot weather,
that it is the preference. For cut flower varieties, Laurent Carle, Robin Hood, and George C. Waud,
are the best.
Robert Huey
its
bloom.
General
MacArthur,
Lieutenant
varieties.
its
Chaure
Chateau
on
distinct color,
is
in
reality
collector's
rose
account of
its
For
among
with Teplitz
of the rose
is
not good.
of disbudding has been tried to increase the beauty of the bloom, but it does not succeed to any marked degree.
The experiment
will
be at
least double.
rose,
bloom-
Mrs. Cant
for
is
Mr. H.
J.
Novelty
Color
In blooming.
trifle
Fragrance Lasting
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Good.
Perfect.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Above the average. May and June 15; July 22; August October and late 3; total 67.
Canes
5;
September 22;
living 8 inches above ground level in the spring. Slightly susceptible to mildew and spot.
Growth Stem
Plant
Only average.
Average. 22 inches.
5 eyes. This rose holds its form better in hot weather than most reds of the same color, and the blooming qualities are especially good for a red rose with any pretension to form. This variety may be hard to secure in quantity for some time.
Alex. Dickson
Prune Note
&
Sons, 1911.
Warm
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
with wire edge of delicate pink. In hardiness, unique color and lasting. Good, but tends to blue slightly. Mild. Color quite good; fragrance brief; form quite good. Not perfect, but pleasing in bud and open flower. Very good.
Perfect in spring;
somewhat
deficient in
summer.
Very
large.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May
and June 9; July 12; August 3; September 3; October and late 3; total 30. Almost perfect; canes living from 8 inches to 3 feet above ground level in spring. Liable to be lost from spot; slightly susceptible to
mildew.
Tall but lacking in bushiness. Long, but not especially strong.
Growth Stem
Plant
20 inches.
7 eyes.
Prune Note
distinct red and especially noted for its beauty of in hot weather, and on account of its hardiness can be recommended as a hedge rose. Unfortunately, the stock of this variety is extremely scarce at the present time.
bloom
5S
COMTE
G.
DE ROCHEMUR
Novelty
Color Fragrance Lasting
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
In color, fragrance, shape and lasting. Beautiful and clear. Fair to strong. Color good; fragrance endures; form good. Almost perfect, especially attractive for a red rose. Above the average.
Perfect.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Usually quite large, but varies slightly. May and June 8; July 11; August 2; September 3; October and late 7; total 31. Canes living 6 to 8 inches above ground level in the
spring. Susceptible to mildew and spot. Fair. Slightly above the average. 20 inches. 5 eyes. Does better on Multiflora, and exceptionally well in the special bed.
Growth Stem
Plant
Prune Note
Hill Company, 1912. Soft bright rosy scarlet, changing to bright scarlet crimson as season advances. In foliage, stem and lasting qualities. Novelty Color Good and clear, but some little blue. Fragrance Above the average. Lasting Color quite good; fragrance endures quite well; form good.
Shape
Substance
Petallage
Size
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
and June 14; July 12; August 7; September 6; October and late 3; total 42. Canes living 8 inches above ground level in spring. Especially good, almost immune from spot and mildew.
May
Growth Stem
Plant
Prune Note
George
Novelty
Color
C.
Waud; Hybrid
& Sons,
1908.
Orange
vermilion.
59
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Good in bud; pleasing in open flower. Above the average. Varies too many in spring, too few in summer.
;
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Medium. May and June 6; July 10; August October and late 1 total 26.
;
2;
September
7;
Canes
living 8 to 18 inches
above ground
level in
spring.
Growth Stem
Plant
Average.
Good. 20 inches.
5 eyes. Does best on Multiflora.
Prune Note
E. G. Hill Company, 1905. Bright crimson. In fragrance. Color Very good. Fragrance Strong. Lasting Color tends to blue; fragrance endures; form fair. Shape Buds attractive; flower sometimes opens flat. Substance Fair.
Novelty
Petallage Size
Perfect.
Medium
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
and June 10; July 12; August 5; September October and late 3; total 35. Canes living 6 to 10 inches above ground level
spring.
May
slightly susceptible to
Growth Stem
Plant
20 inches.
6 eyes. Until the advent of Rochemur, was considered the best all-round red rose. There are several roses very much on the color of MacArthur, perhaps the best being C. W. Cowan, Eugene Boullet and Freifrau Ida von Schubert. Does a little better on
Multiflora.
Prune Note
60
LAURENT CARLE
red.
Very good.
Color blues fragrance endures form fair. Fair in bud; not perfect in open flower. Above the average.
;
Shape
Substance
Petallage
Size
Perfect.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
August
4;
September 14;
level in
living 6 to S inches
above ground
Susceptible to mildew
and
spot.
Growth Stem
Plant
tall.
20 inches.
5 eyes.
Prune Note
Does better on
insure
it
Multiflora.
a place
among
qualities.
1910.
Velvety
fair.
Shape
Substance
Petallage
Size
Fair in
flower.
Good.
Deficient in number.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Medium. May and June 5; July 7; August October and late 2; total 23.
Reported good. Some mildew, but
Fair. Fair.
little
3;
September
6;
susceptible to spot.
Growth Stem
Plant
20 inches.
5 eyes.
Prune Note
Doing well
for Admiral Ward on Long Island. Tested here for only one season, so the average of blooms should be higher after the first year.
61
Velvety scarlet to dark velvety crimson. In color and fragrance. Novelty Absolutely distinct and beautiful. Color Strong in the spring and fall; fair in summer. Fragrance Color good; fragrance endures; form good. Lasting Fair in bud; keeps high pointed center when open. Shape Almost perfect. Substance Varies; perfect in the fall, too many in spring and Petallage
Size
Slightly
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May
summer. above the average. and June 7; July 7; August 1; September G; October and late 1 total 22. Canes living 6 to 8 inches above ground level in
;
spring.
Susceptible to spot
lost
early
slightly
liable
to
mildew.
Growth Stem
Plant
if
cut there
is
very
the plant.
20 inches.
5 eyes.
Prune Note
Included on account of
its
unique
color.
Does best
on Multiflora.
&
Sons, 1901.
Deep
rose on outer
petals, inner petals soft silvery rose, suffused with buff at base. In color, blooming and foliage. Novelty While unique, is not of the very best. Color
Fragrance Lasting
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Mild. Color good; fragrance brief; form good. Short in bud; only fair in the open flower.
Fair.
of best shape.
Medium
to small.
;
Blooming
Hardiness
May
and June 13; July 14; August 2; September 10; October and late 1 1 total 50. Canes living 8 inches above ground level in spring.
Good.
Distinct and beautiful holds well.
;
Growth
Foliage
Stem
Plant
Good. 22 inches.
5 eyes.
Prune Note
is
only
1S97.
Bright scarlet
Novelty
62
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Bud
Medium
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
July 26 August 14 September 15 October and late 15; total 107. Almost unique as only the tips winter kill. Immune from mildew; slightly susceptible to spot.
Perfect.
Growth Stem
Plant
Weak and
26 inches. 8 eyes.
usually short.
Prune Note
Teplitz is the best tall decorative rose grown, and if not cut back may be used as a hedge; or if grown on Multiflora does very well as a low ever-blooming climber. Scores five times under novelty.
Brilliant scarlet.
None.
Color blues form does not hold. Fair in bud; very flat as rose opens. Barely average.
;
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
summer.
October and late
Blooming
May
Multiflora 2 years | Briar 2 years
and June
SeptemJuly
August
ber
Total
lg
36
34 25
u
19
22
15
1S 13
10 93
59
12
Own
Roots/
\
2 years
Hardiness
Foliage
Canes
above ground
level in
slightly
Growth Stem
Plant
Prune Note
Strong and bushy, but not exceptionally tall. Fair for a rose of this character. 24 inches. 5 eyes. This is distinctly a decorative rose. Without disbudding, it will give many more blooms.
a very
difficult
the
Among
is
of
For
go into
blooms
of beautiful colors
The yellow
which
On
will
house
if
cut in
hold
its
form
fairly well,
Mrs. Ward,
curaud.
Elli
is
Hartmann, with
also a
is
its fine
petallage
Masand
Mel-
substance,
good cut
flower.
Madame
cut,
anie Soupert
stance,
although
lacking in petallage.
Lady
Betty in the
having an
list,
being
much on
infinitely superior
what
longer.
MM
HARRY KIRK
which
Maman
For decora-
Alex. Dickson & Sons, 1909. Intense saffron yellow stained with rich crimson which, as the flower develops, becomes deep copper saffron yellow. Here
size.
summer;
rose shadings in
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Color good; fragrance brief; form quite good. Practically perfect in bud; not good in open flower.
Very good.
One
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May and June 8; July 14; August 9; September 9; October and late 7; total 47. Canes living 6 to 8 inches above ground level in
spring.
Growth Stem
Plant
Next to the largest. Long and strong, only occasionally having a weak
neck.
24 inches.
5 eyes.
Prune Note
More nearly
for
fills the requirements than any other yellow in cultivation, having a wonderful record
many
years.
Harry Kirk;
amber
Novelty
Color Fragrance Lasting
yellow.
& Sons, 1907. Bright primrose to With us, light sulphur yellow. In growth, foliage and extreme hardiness.
Beautiful
Slight; to
and
clear.
Shape
some persons not pleasing. Color fades except in cool weather; fragrance quickly becomes rank; form does not last. Almost perfect in bud; not good in open flower.
65
Very good.
Deficient in number. Fairly large.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May
and June 7; July 15; August October and late 1 total 32.
;
1;
September
8;
Splendid; living to tips on strong wood, 8 inches on weak wood, in the spring. Very good; little affected by mildew and spot.
Fine. Fair. 20 inches. 6 eyes.
Growth Stem
Plant
Prune Note
good all-round rose, chiefly on account of its great reliability as a bloomer and its hardiness; adaptable as a low hedge.
Open
Novelty Color Fragrance Lasting
or Daily Mail; Pernetiana; PernetBud coral red shaded with yellow on base. flower rosy coral red; lighter shadings are in salmon. In color, foliage and hardiness. Unique, attractive and startling.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Mild. Color fades; fragrance brief; form does not hold well. Attractive in bud, holding high center until half open. Above the average.
Deficient in number. Above the average. Two-year-old plants cut low; May and June 7; July 17; August 1; September 4; October and late
3; total 32. Perfect; living to tips on strong wood; 6 inches weak wood in spring. Beautiful in spring and early summer; lost later.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
on
Growth Stem
Plant
Prune Note
By pruning Best of all the Pernetianas tested. experiments, it has been found best to cut fairly low as this gives better stems and helps hold the foliage; a few more blooms will be secured by high pruning, but this is not advocated unless for garden decoration or low hedge purposes. Does
best on Multiflora.
1910.
Soft flesh to
creamy
Novelty
Color
and
GG
distinct.
NATALIE BOTTNER
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Medium
to large.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
and June 5; July 16; August 4; September 11; October and late 4; total 40. Canes living 6 to 12 inches above ground level in
spring.
May
Growth Stem
Plant
Very good, being only slightly susceptible and spot. Well above the average.
Quite good. 22 inches. 6 eyes. The only fault
to
mildew
Prune Note
is
an occasional tendency to
ball in
wet
Mrs. Aaron Ward; Hybrid Tea; Pernet-Ducher, 1907. Indian yellow, occasionally washed with salmon rose. Novelty In color, shape and foliage.
Color Fragrance Lasting
Distinct.
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Small; varies considerably. May and June 10; Jury 13; August 2; September 5;
October and late 8; total 38. Canes living 6 to 10 inches above ground
spring.
level in
Attractive
disease.
color
and leathery;
tall.
little
affected
by
Growth Stem
Plant
20 inches.
5 eyes.
Prune Note
popular rose with only two noticeable faults lack of size and the fading of the color.
1909.
Cream
yellow with light yolk of egg center. In color and shape. Color Beautiful and clear. Fragrance Mild. Lasting Color good; fragrance brief; form good.
Shape
Good
in
flower.
Average.
Perfect.
5; July 12; August 5; September 12; late 3; total 37. inches above ground level in spring. living 8 Canes Very good; little affected by mildew and spot.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May
Growth Stem
Plant
Barely average.
Good. 20 inches.
5 eyes.
Prune Note
very attractive
little
rose
its
better
Does best on
Multiflora.
Elli Hartmann; Hybrid Tea; Welter, 1913. Old golden yellow. In color, growth, foliage and lasting. Novelty Clear and attractive. Color
Fragrance Lasting
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Not
Mild. Color good; fragrance brief; form endures. of the best, but attractive in bud and open
flower.
Too many petals, some being too narrow Medium; sometimes quite large.
in shape.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May
Growth Stem
Plant
and June 7; July 7; August 4; September 3; October and late 11; total 32. Canes living 8 inches above ground level in spring. Very good; little affected by disease. Very good; tall and fairly bushy. Quite strong, although sometimes short.
22 inches. 5 eyes. This rose may be hard to secure in quantity for some time. While not as profuse a bloomer as Wellington, it excels the latter in the lasting quality of the bloom and the beauty of the open
flower.
Prune Note
Madame Melanie
Novelty Color Fragrance
Lasting
Sotjpert; Hybrid Tea; Pernet-Ducher, 1906. Light cream to salmon yellow, with light carmine shades. In color, substance, size and stem.
Very
beautiful.
Shape
Substance
Mild. Color good; fragrance brief; form fairly good. Although not standard spiral, is beautiful in bud; not so attractive when fully open.
Remarkable.
68
ELLI
HARTMANN
Very
large.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
and June 6; July 9; August 3; September 3; October and late 4; total 25. Canes living 6 to 12 .Occasionally winter kills. inches above ground level in spring.
May
little
affected
by
the
Growth Stem
Plant
especially
in
20 inches.
5 eyes.
.
Prune Note
One
of the most beautiful roses in cultivation, but until grown on Multiflora was strictly a collector's Better on Multiflora than in a special bed; rose. the ideal method would seem to be Multiflora in a special bed. This rose surpasses grown stock
in substance, stem,
Deep coppery 1910. reddish salmon; inside of petals apricot yellow varies. Lighter
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
In color, growth and blooming. Very beautiful; varies greatly with the season. Mild. Color fades; fragrance brief; form does not hold. Attractive in bud; open flower flat.
Very good.
Deficient in number. Above the average.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
May
and June 10; July 21; August 6; September 10; October and late 9; total 56. Canes living 8 to 18 inches above ground level in
spring.
Growth Stem
Plant
Susceptible to mildew; little affected by spot. Very strong and bushy. Well above the average.
24 inches.
6 eyes.
Prune Note
fair
cool weather.
Alex. Dickson
&
Sons, 1914.
Deep ivory
cream, very faintly flushed. In color, lasting and foliage. Novelty Excellent. Color Mild. Fragrance
Shape Substance
Petallagc Size
Good
Good.
in
flower.
Perfect.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Especially
tall.
tine.
Growth Stem
Plant
Prune Note
An improvement
Teas.
in the
1908.
Rosy
Novelty
Color Fragrance Lasting
Shape
Substance
Petallage Size
Very good
Fair.
Trifle
Mild. Color fades; fragrance brief; form does not in bud; open flower loose.
last.
Blooming
Hardiness
Foliage
Deficient in number. above the average. May and June 9; July 22; August 5; September 16;
level in
October and late 5; total 57. Canes living 6 to S inches above ground
spring.
Growth Stem
Plant
Only slightly susceptible to mildew and spot. Well above the average. Fairly long, but liable to be weak, and wilts quickly 2 feet on Briar or Multi flora.
5 eyes.
Prune Note
Very good as a decorative rose on account of blooming qualities. Does best on Multiflora.
its
Chrissie MacKellar; Hybrid Tea; Alex. Dickson & Sons, 1913. Intense crimson carmine crayonings on rich, deep, ochrey madder, becoming bright orangey-pink as the bloom develops. In blooming, foliage, color and growth. Novelty Attractive. Color Mild. Fragrance Color good; fragrance brief; form does not last. Lasting Attractive in bud; open flower flat. Shape Average. Substance 70
LADY PIRRIE
Blooming. ... .Two-year-old plants, May and June 11; July 20; August 8; September 11; October and late 15;
total 65.
Hardiness
Foliage
Growth Stem
Plant
Canes living 6 inches above ground level in spring. Almost perfect; good color and substance; practically immune from disease. Splendid; high, strong and bushy, with many canes.
Fairly good.
Prune Note
The
roses listed
main body
a
of
of varieties
as not coming
is
list
up
No. 2
honor and
list
is
included in the
first forty-eight,
No. 2
recommended.
The
roses listed
No. 3 are
71
special roses
and should
collec-
their
of
headings.
It
list
larger,
cut
down on
some
special merit.
For
this reason
there
may
it will
be thought
and particularly
for the
who
is
list will
sufficient,
and
this
book
In
list
weak
any
standing their
In
list
much below
3.
form
in
of their
list
any
but No.
It has
the main
the principal
72
"A"very
poor,
variety.
good,
"V" varies,
used
to
describe
each
of
"Si" indicates that the rose is single. Under the heading "Size of Bloom," "L"-large,
It will readily
"M"medium, "S"small.
be understood that under "Growth,"
for example, all the roses
marked "A"
but for
all
lutely the
same
in growth,
"A,"
which come up to a certain standard. This principle applies to all headings. Growth is marked,
not only for the height and strength, but also for the
number of canes and uniformity. Under "Hardiness" the system is changed to give the number of inches of good wood left in the spring. Where a rose kills down to the ground level the letter "G" is inserted in the column, and where a certain
percentage winter
kill,
the letters
"W K"
have been
new
varieties,
two per
cent.,
have been
lost,
and some
of the
new
This immunity
from deaths
is
due to the
on "Cultivation."
73
parts of
it is
impossible to entirely
this has its valuable
way
stand out.
It
may
tain roses
marked down
foliage
for
"Foliage"
do better
"A," the
must be
practically
To immune
spot,
In marking for
"Stem" a
is
marked "A,"
etc.
In "Size" a rose
is
"Medium" which
"S" and
of
larger roses
It
marked "L."
blooms
on
the
all
know
number
it
In this con-
nection,
com-
hundred
feet
above sea
level.
delphia,
is less,
mences at
days
earlier.
is
Of course, in
all
localities the
son.
rain
by the seaA month which gives cool weather and much increases the blooming of a rose, and a month
time of blooming
affected
of great heat
and drought
will naturally
reduce the
number
of flowers;
all re-
may do
well in
by planting a number
test of
and having a
never
less
bud and
open
short buds
marked "B,"
"Lasting"
keeping qualities
marked
or
and beauty
is
of
"B"
"C"
are used
if
the rose
either
solferino shade,
first
beauty in
roses.
The
It is
is
a very
marked
difference
between
and
Where two
stance:
be understood
from
last
"B" good
to
"A" very
good, etc.
The
two right-hand columns are a handy and pruning, and the distances
implicitly.
may
be followed
These have
been changed in
last
many
roses
Therefore, while
fol-
lowed.
advised.
They
It is
dis-
tances a mulch be used to protect the rose roots from the heat, otherwise they are too great.
cially true in localities
is
espe-
or where
rule,
As a
on account
growth on
this stock.
read; the
number
in this
of eyes given
D W.
.
' '
column stands
dead wood.
76
perfume, but
it is
many
cases
it is
so mild that
hardly
noticeable.
Where
Multiflora
is
and where
special
bed
is
marked
on the
The Main
following pages.
3ujnrud
in
W o
o H
CM CM
iO
g
-H
-
-H
'
M
'53
-
o 2 p S
Ml 2 a a 3 a
Snranjd
Smuiud
2UUdB U13AB81
o^ eaXa jo jaqtnn^j
t.)[(.ranii
:>ui3|d
o^ ajuBjetQ
00
<
S at! a > g
all Is2llalss a s a a
Suranjd
3nwds uijabj]
oi saA'a jo jaquin^j
DO
aatntud
Snijds ui a.\tfa[ oj saAa jo iiaqranfj
}Ut![d O}
saqouiu; 30UBJSIQ
jojoo
CM
lO
CURREY,
2dWith
ness,
roses of
any new
class,
the Distinctiveclasses
Individuality and
Improvement over
already established.
Note.
as a
is
to receive
an award
new
if
must have
it
filed
same
is
known, or
many
if
the
entire pedigree
is
unknown.
Color
The
[10]
Uniformity,
clearness
splotches,
and beauty
Fragrance
The
quality shall be
The
The lasting of the color the cut and 2d The retention the fragrance of the flower,
1st
of
flower,
of
3d
The
lasting of the
form
of the flower, as
and uncut.
Form
Shape
[10]
The
1st
quality shall be
to
shape
of that type.
shape
is
should be adversely
Substance
[5]
The
1st
To
and
2d
to
of the petals.
The
1st
To
maximum under
(40)
petals.
Size
[5]
The
To
and
to
of perfect size of
this
In judging
of
year,
produces
fifty (50)
mum
number
Hardiness
[10]
The
quality shall be
To
and to
of perfect hardiness
amount
of winter
is
affected
The
1st
of the foliage.
3d
The
immunity
of the foliage
from mildew,
Growth
The
[5]
To
and
to
of
growth
number
of canes pro-
The
the bloom.
be scored
plant on which the stem carrying the bloom
is
6 inches in
1 point 2 points 3 points
4 points
5
p^g
providing that, in each case, the stem shall be of sufficient strength to properly carry the weight of
the bloom.
103
Standard
H/tefor
XoVulVvcr
PX.
IIU __
UcaSm_ X\fS
.
ciddre,
/^XOJ^vl.
Soil.
Wanted /\^LV.Z.Y<*\)S.X
J9t5
y
3,
IU?oiaXc*V_ .i_fi>_'Cu\&L
RtmiTh&V\C
V>C!>V.
Vv<<vA
C-oWe <W<^ C
<ocl .(or
Ill
SPECIAL
better to keep
lists
new
of varieties
thoroughly tested.
Occasionally a
it
new
rose shows
worth cultivation.
Admiral Ward; Hybrid Tea; Pernet-Ducher, 1915. Crimson red, shaded with fiery red and velvety purple. Named after the wellknown rosarian. Beautiful color and form, and undoubtedly will be a fine collector's rose. Has not yet shown sufficient growth or
blooming qualities to be included in the best of the reds. Cheerful; Hybrid Tea; McGredy & Son, 1915. Pure orange flame, with distinct orange yellow base. Attractive color; fair growth and foliage. Worth watching. Cleveland; Hybrid Tea; Hugh Dickson, 1916. Coppery yellow at base of petals, which are heavily flushed reddish copper on old Beautiful color; quite good form; mild fragrance; only shows rose. Tested for one year, and cannot yet be classed in the fair growth. fist of dependable varieties. Comtesse de Rafelis St. Sauveur; Hybrid Tea; Leenders, 1916. Reddish orange shaded coral red. Shows good growth; good foliage; good blooming qualities; undoubtedly only a decorative rose; semi-double, being little better than single; rather an attractive
color.
Golden Meyer; Hybrid Tea; Paul & Son, 1915. Golden yellow. Good fight-colored rose; not yet showing enough growth to be seriously considered.
105
1915.
Deep orange
Hadley; Hybrid Tea; Waban Conservatories, 1914. Bright red. Growth only fair; foliage quite good. Color distinct; attractive bloom in the spring; small bloom in summer. Needs time to become established. Worthy of a further test. Hoosier Beauty; Hybrid Tea; Dorner, 1915. Glowing crimson with darker shadings. A remarkable color, but so far growth and
blooming qualities below the average. Imogen; Hybrid Tea; Paul & Son, 1915. Orange yellow in center, shading towards the outside to pale yellow and creamy white. Very attractive yellow rose; beautiful form; doing fairly well for the first year, although cannot yet be considered more than a collector's rose. Los Angeles; Hybrid Tea; Howard & Smith, 1916. Flame pink shaded to yellow, toned with salmon. A cross between Madame Segond Weber and Lyon, the color being much on the order of Undoubtedly most promising, but not yet thoroughly Lyon. tested. Mr. McFarland, of Harrisburg, reports that it gives splendid growth outside and good bloom. Mr. Eisele, of Dreer's, is most enthusiastic about this rose, and considers it a particularly fine bedding variety. Madame Colette Martinet; Hybrid Tea; Pernet-Ducher, 1915. Beautiful old gold yellow, shaded with orange yellow, golden yellow bud. A case in point of the danger of recommending a new rose considered promising in 1915 on account of its most attractive Has not improved during the color, good foliage and fair growth. past season and can only be considered as a collector's rose. Madame Marcel Delanney; Hybrid Tea; Leenders, 1916. Pale pink or soft rose, shaded with hydrangea pink. A rose planted in January, 1916, which has shown good growth, very good foliage Not a profuse fine long stems, beautiful color and good perfume. bloomer, but has done remarkably well for the short time tested. Undoubtedly a wonderful rose for cut blooms, and a possibility of its being a good all-round rose. Marcella; Hybrid Tea; Paul & Son, 1913. Buds buff, opening flower salmon flesh. A wonderful bloom when you get it. Of most attractive coloring, but of extremely poor growth and useful only
to collectors.
Leenders, 1916. Vivid lemon Showing really remarkable growth for the first year. Reported by Bobbink & Atkins, of Rutherford, N. J., to be one of the best new roses on the Multiflora with them. Good foliage which holds well. The bloom is medium, of attractive color in the bud, which, however, is not of the best form, and the color fades quickly. A good bloomer, and while having a good stem, will never be one
yellow.
of the best cut flowers as
it
last.
SPECIAL CLASSES
1915.
Clear bright cerise pink. Of attractive color, but has not well for the first year; loses its foliage, and gives practically
grown no fall
Undoubtedly only a
McGredy, 1915. Porcelain white, veiled primrose yellow deepening to ochre at the Showing good growth for the first year; attractive coloring, but with only fair foliage. A rose worth watching. Mrs. George Gordon; Hybrid Tea; Hugh Dickson, 1915. Bright rosy pink, flushed silvery pink at the edges of the petals.
Mrs.
base.
Good growth and good blooming qualities; fair foliage; semi-double and fades quickly. Needs to be tested further. Mrs. Hugh Dickson; Hybrid Tea; Hugh Dickson, 1915. Deep cream with heavy suffusion of orange and apricot. A rose which has not shown up well, but which is attractive in color and foliage. Worthy only of a place in large collections. Mrs. MacKellar; Hybrid Tea; Alex. Dickson & Sons, 1915.
Solid deep citron or delicate pure canary, passing to pearly primrose. A rose of perfect form in bud; somewhat shy in petals and does not open as well as the best; foliage holds well; the color is clear and attractive. Undoubtedly a variety which will need consideration in a short time if its improvement continues. Mrs. Mona Hunting; Hybrid Tea; Hugh Dickson, 1916. Deep chamois yellow, opening to pure fawn. A very attractive color; fair form, with a good stem. Will probably not give enough growth to be included in the list, but is promising as a collector's rose. Muriel Dickson; Pernetiana; Hugh Dickson, 1915. Deep
reddish copper in the bud state, paling with age to cherry red with coppery shadings. Of wonderful color, but very weak growth; three plants out of four died during the past winter. When established, however, it may prove to be hardy. National Emblem; Hybrid Tea; McGredy & Son, 1915. Dark crimson, overlaid velvety crimson shading to vermilion towards the edges. A rose of beautiful and distinct color, and fine form for a red; good foliage and fair growth for the first year, combined with hardiness. This rose may go a great deal further. Nellie Parker; Hybrid Tea; Hugh Dickson, 1916. Pale creamy white, with deeper cream center. Shows fair growth for the first season; good form; some fragrance; of medium size; usually having a good stem.
Panama; Hybrid Tea; J. Cook, 1916. Rich peachy pink, inside creamy white. A rose well spoken of, but not yet thoroughly tested outside and therefore cannot be recommended as an all-round rose. Plants tested by J. N. Richardson, Baltimore, planted May, 1916, gave twenty-six blooms throughout the season. Prince Charming; Hybrid Tea; Hugh Dickson, 1916. Deep reddish copper, with old gold base. Semi-double, of attractive color, with lasting qualities. Showing enough growth the first year to make it worth while considering further. Promises to be a good bedding variety.
of petals
107
Where
live
some of these hardy classes must have winter For such districts Hybrid Perpetuals for cut flowers, Rugosas and Hybrid Rugosas for massing and hedges, Wichuraianas and their Hybrids, and a few other hardy climbers, are the ones recommended.
sections
protection.
In such
localities,
growth
and
cooler
bloom
SPECIAL CLASSES
flowers;
some
Perpetual of merit.
There
is
for the
Hybrid Perpetuals.
Harry Kirk
is
the hardiest of
The
old Austrian
in
be
all
near Philadelphia.
large
While not
of
of perfect
it is
most attractive
Hybrid Perpetual
The
are:
fall
bloom
The
list
Baroness Rothschild;
Pale rose.
crimson.
Pernet, 1867.
Perfumed.
Deep velvety crimson. Frau Karl Druschki; Lambert, 1900. Snow white, sometimes lightest pink blush at center. Geoffrey Henslow; Alex. Dickson & Sons, 1912.
Orange crimson; classed as a Hybrid Tea, but with Hybrid
Perpetual characteristics. Sweet. Hinner, 1910. Delicate rose. Scented. Gloire de Chedane Guinoisseau; Guinoisseau & Chedane, 1908. Bright vermilion red, shaded velvet. Very large.
George Arends;
Gloire Lyonnaise;
Guillot, 1884.
Very pale lemon; wonderful foliage, and except in the extreme North may be grown as a pillar or hedge rose; small to mediumsized flowers; never develops seed pods; classed as a Hybrid Tea, but with Hybrid Perpetual characteristics. Tea fragrance. Hon. Ina Bingham; Alex. Dickson & Sons, 1905. Silver pink; semi-double; classed as a Hybrid Tea, but with Hybrid Perpetual characteristics.
J.
B.
classed as a
Hybrid Tea,
but with Hybrid Perpetual characteristics. Pragrant. Luizet; Liabaud, 1877. Light silvery pink. Margaret Dickson; Alex. Dickson & Sons, 1891. White, pale flesh center.
Madame Gabriel
Merveille de Lyon;
Pernet, 1882.
(Syn.
White Baroness.)
Do
Mrs. R. G. Sharman Crawford; Alex. Dickson & Sons, Deep rosy pink outer petals shaded with pale flesh. Oskar Cordel; Lambert, 1897.
1894.
Bright carmine.
Sweet.
110
GEOFFREY HF.NSI.OW
SPECIAL CLASSES
weak stem.
Verdier, 1880.
as Dorothy 1882.
1864.
Very dark crimson; a shy bloomer. Soleil d'Or; Pernetiana; J. Pernet-Ducher, 1900. Orange yellow to reddish gold, shaded with nasturtium
red.
Perpetual,
Ludwig Moller,
has been tested for one year, but, both inside and
an absolute
the
Pacific
failure.
In
Main
List;
fol-
lowing record:
Of course, in
November and
Hybrid Perpetuals should be pruned on the same principle as Hybrid Teas; cut back in the spring to
six
ber on the
and eight eyes on the strong wood and a less numweak wood. The dead wood should be
ill
Plant from
roses in this
The
are generally
results
will
good
many
The
no question as to
well
They do very
by
under
hot,
sandy conditions.
The
and
after their
bloom
is
Atropurpurea; Hybrid Rugosa; Paul & Son, 1899. Blackish crimson, passing to maroon crimson. Blanc Double de Coubert; Hybrid Rugosa; Cochet-Cochet,
Double; paper white.
1894.
Froebel, 1900.
Clear silvery rose, especially good in bud form. Son, 1914. Light apricot pink with a yellow base; blooms well but of as large growth as the other varieties mentioned.
1905.
violet.
is
not
SPECIAL CLASSES
half
is
and
no pruning
wood and an
DWARF POLYANTHAS
There are a number
of other classes of roses, the
One
of these,
sidered good
enough to be included
of light-colored roses.
Mr. Theodore Wirth, Superintendent of the MinRose Annual for 1916, gives
list
the following
Mme.
Pavie,
Levavasseur, Katherine
Zeimet,
Marie
beaten
Rose Annual says: " Jessie cannot be the Dwarf Polyanthas." Undoubtedly the above are all good, and in addition the following do well:
among
Ellen Poulson George Elger Leonie Lamesch Orleans Rose Rodeatte Yvonne Rabier
Dark
brilliant pink.
113
of the
dead wood
is
thinning out,
class,
MOSS ROSES
The Provence
tion except
worthy
of cultiva-
by
collectors.
The
known now
roses already
men-
tioned.
Moss
the spring.
The two
best are:
Pure white.
Bright silvery rose.
Blanche Moreau
Princess Adelaide
laterals,
pruning new
wood
to six eyes.
CHINA ROSES
The China
fall
bloomers as a
rule,
the following
may
be depended upon to
season,
HERMOSA
(Description page 83)
SPECIAL CLASSES
Clear yellow, tinted apricot. Amaranth; strong, semi-climbing growth; blooms in clusters, with good late bloom. Dazzling crimson. Rose, shaded yellow. Dark velvety crimson; more liable to mildew than others in this class. Rosy pink, shaded orange.
Palest flesh. Soft rosy apricot, center shaded orange, outside tinted rose and violet; a very beautiful color, but of weak growth and a shy bloomer. Green is at best a freak and only useful as an oddity.
;
Queen Mab
Viridiflora
wood and
thinning occasionally.
The Hybrid Sweet Briars, which were introduced by Lord Penzance and are a cross with the common
English Sweet Briar, are mostly of rampant growth;
have perfect
bloom
and attractive
staggered.
colorings.
feet apart
in
two rows,
feet apart,
and
much
smaller
class,
SINGLE ROSES
In addition there are a number of single roses of
distinct colorings
which have
fall
bloom.
It is
hard to draw a
single roses
line
between
many
of these
and the
among
The
best are:
Vivid terra-cotta, changing to pale
buff.
Rich crimson. Pure white, golden anthers. Vivid crimson, shading pink. Bronzy orange scarlet, changing to
apricot.
Irish Irish
Glory Harmony
Silvery pink to crimson. Saffron yellow, crayoned or smeared claret; open flower creamy white.
WILD ROSES
There are a number
original species, of wild roses, that of
all
is,
roses of
for
many
by
hybridization.
They
are,
however, of no value to
In the American Rose Annual for 1916 there very interesting article, written
is
by Charles Downing
effects; in addition
especially
list
do
be found a further
species written
and description
by the
of
W. Van
Fleet,
the
SPECIAL CLASSES
still
Washington; while
of the
by E. H. Wilson,
Arnold
DECORATIVE ROSES
The
best bloomers
among
will give
very
much
not be used at
all for
example
of this, the
much bloom
as
fair
There are a few other attractive roses which give amount of bloom and are odd in their color,
The
wonderful
in
amount
The
best of the
Hybrid Teas
Lady
Mac-
of a bed,
of the
Baby Ramblers
Polyanthas
will
are most
and any
do well
and massing.
IV
CLIMBERS
Unfortunately there is not at this time any hardy climbing rose which blooms through spring, summer and autumn with great reliability. The so-called
hardy ever-blooming climbers have been tested without success.
bloom mainly
tection in the
Middle Atlantic
States.
In the
lists
To make
two
all
classes; this is
an
arbitrary division
and not
at
in accordance with
the ordinary
manner
of classification.
In the
first
Hybrid
Tea
rose.
ex-
Tea
roses.
as profusely as the
Hybrid Teas,
to
some blooms
blooms mainly
in the
CLIMBERS
scattered that they cannot be
called
continually
blooming
roses.
They need
In addition to
some other
roses
of
Ards Rover.
maroon; medium
crimson shaded
come on
and
is
very
fragrant.
hardy rose
Christine Wright.
of
West
Placed with
singly
and
in
petallage; color
tion;
in
autumn.
A few scattering flowers A very satisfactory climbing rose. FoliHybrid Perpetual Company. Rich
growth,
hardy.
& Thomas
vigorous
119
crimson;
strong,
no
summer
or
fall
bloom.
Hybrid
same
name;
The
Hybrid Tea
sports.
as good
form as the
fair
amount
of
bloom
summer and
protection.
this class.
early autumn.
than most
of
Climbing
Tea;
J.
Madame Melanie
Soupert.
Hybrid
Burrel
& Company,
full,
1914.
Salmon yellow,
more bloom than majority of the Climbing Hybrid Tea sports. Requires heavy winter protection.
Climbing Mrs. W.
to large
J.
Grant.
Hybrid Tea;
Imperial pink;
medium
summer and
autumn.
CLIMBERS
Climbing Richmond. Hybrid Tea; Alex. Dickson
Pure red
scarlet;
bloom
similar
Richmond;
the
of fair
form only
less freely in
Van Fleet.
Peter Henderson
& Co.,
1910.
on account
of the
form
bloom
is
more hardy
is
Van
N.
J.,
another Wichuraiana
cross between a seedling Wichuraiana and Kaiserin Augusta Victoria and termed a White Dr. Van Fleet. This rose has done remarkably well during 1916 and is strongly recommended. Loses
foliage early.
Madame Hector
Ducher, 1904.
in
Not
as
tall
this class
Madame
B6rard
(of
General Jacqueminot.
Deep
cherry
red;
blooms
being of good
it
occasionally gives
Requires winter
all
the other
most
of
much more
Tea
sports,
for a short
considerably
and
different authorities
and catalogues
listed in
many
places as a
this rose is
a cross
listed as
from
Helene, which
Rambler and a
yet this rose
is
sometimes
a Multiflora.
122
CLIMBERS
Cecile Brunner.
three-year-old plants
tection,
secured in
climbing roses.
on which
its
miniature, perfectly
center.
It
autumn.
There
and
several
new
have been
Messman, a sport
of the
of
growers
of this variety
should live up to its reputation as a constant bloomer, of Philadelphia it will do well. The blooms are double, the color silver flesh to shell pink.
protection
and south
American Pillar.
1909.
Very
123
large, single.
Similar to
1910.
Clusters;
saffron
yellow,
center
golden yellow.
Dorothy Perkins.
kins ,1902.
quite early.
Hybrid Wichuraiana.
Per-
Foliage lost
Eliza Robichon.
1901.
cially
good
Holds
foliage well.
carmine pink.
Excelsa.
with good
of
Hybrid Wichuraiana.
which
Walsh, 1909.
Crimson Rambler
Troubadour almost
Gardenia.
Bloom The
1899.
Hybrid Wichuraiana.
Manda,
pretty in
lasts well.
Do
not confound
&
Notting, which
is inferior.
Goldfinch.
Hybrid Polyantha.
in the
Paul
&
Son.
Reported stronger
Hybrid Wichuraianas.
Hiawatha.
foliage early.
Hybrid Polyantha.
Walsh, 1905.
Loses
N. Pierson, Incorporated
CLIMBERS
Jean Girin. Hybrid Wichuraiana. Description given by Admiral Ward, as grown on Long Island. Absolutely hardy as a climber; almost the same as
Dorothy Perkins, and
ing period,
in the fall has a second
bloom-
when it
num-
Foliage lasts
quite well.
Silver Moon. Said to be a cross between Rosa Wichuraiana X Cherokee. Extra large, single, silver white with golden yellow stamens, of remarkably
strong growth; very distinct.
Tausendschon.
Hybrid Polyantha.
Reported
Schmidt,
steel blue;
Veilchenblau.
1909.
Lilac changing to
size;
medium
produced in large
lost early.
The greatest development in climbers, if the catalogue descriptions may be relied upon, are the following new additions, brought out in 1913-14-15, but not yet thoroughly tested: Le Mexique, Wichuraiana; introduced by Schwartz in 1913, color "pale silvery rose; clusters"; has been tested in this country and one grower claims that it gives scattering blooms until fall. Moonlight and Dan.e, introduced by Reverend J. H. Pemberton in 1914, are listed as Hybrid Teas and catalogued as continual bloomers from June until autumn. The growth is similar to a Wichuraiana, but less vigorous; they bloom in clusters, and both give scattering blooms through the entire season, the last one being noted in November. Moonlight flowers on new wood; Danae on that of the previous year. In 1914 Pemberton introduced three other Ramblers, for all of which perpetual blooming is claimed. Their blooms in the first year are scattering; the growth is only fair; and they require winter
protection.
Ceres Galatea
Winter Cheer
In 1915 William Paul & Son brought out Cordelia, which they Buds coppery yellow, is a perpetual flowering climbing rose. changing to lemon yellow; produced in clusters. This variety blooms on wood of the previous year's growth; and winter kills badly here. M. Leenders & Company, of Holland, list an ever-blooming climbing rose in Blanche Frowein; color copper overlaid with golden yellow; but so far this has only shown semi-climbing growth. P. Lambert also catalogues several ever-blooming climbers; and in Hugh Dickson's 1916-17 catalogue, the Wichuraiana, Bouquet Rose color vivid rose pink changing to lilac white is noted as
perpetual flowering.
It would seem from these introductions that the long-looked-for hardy ever-blooming climbing rose may at least be a reality, but that the growth will be restricted. Reports are constantly made that various hardy climbing roses have given summer and fall bloom. As a rule, while these reports are no doubt true, other growers cannot depend upon them as they are very often exceptional cases.
For climates
in
which there
is little
or
no
frost
With the
is
a Hybrid Wich-
may be
Deep
Celine Forestier
flowering; old gold.
(Noisette).
Trouillard, 1842.
Fairly free
Cloth of Gold
(Noisette).
Coquereau, 1843.
Sulphur yellow,
Gloire de Dijon (Tea). Jacotot, 1853. Buff, orange center; and double. Perhaps the hardiest of the Tea climbers, butgiving more bloom than the Hybrid Tea Sports, a two-year-old plant having two dozen blooms the first week of November, 1916. Should be budded on Multiflora, and grown on a south wall, in the
Middle Atlantic States, for the best
results.
Marechal Niel
yellow;
(Noisette).
Pradel, 1864.
form.
(Hybrid Noisette).
126
Schwartz, 1879.
good
pillar rose.
CLIMBERS
A. Richardson (Noisette). Ducher, orange-yellow; small, very showy and distinct.
W.
1878.
Very deep
Shower of Gold.
Hybrid Wichuraiana.
and with
are
Ramona
bloom which may be depended upon, Gruss an Teplitz budded on Multiflora is suggested. This rose
grows
fully eight feet high
gives a quantity of
been sucless
Among
is
and gives
some winter
grow to the height given by the end of the season, and if thoroughly protected should do better.
Among
flora gives
a quantity
is
season and
if
cut
back; nevertheless,
Harry Kirk
may
also
Philadelphia.
Coast
many
Teas, such as
Madame
bloom.
PLANTING CLIMBERS
In planting climbers the bed should be prepared
in exactly the
same way as
it
for
an ordinary bed,
smaller, but the
excepting that
should be
much
up more
of
some
Hybrid
bed noted under " Preparation." For each plant the bed should be at least two feet wide and not less than
four feet in length.
128
CLIMBERS
In planting climbers, especially the Hybrid Teas,
it is
well
on the north
side of
any arbor or
wall.
Roses
many
killed to
It
would be easy in
the case of
For an
The very
effort to
make a
advise
brave
do well on a north
but unless
we would not
There
is
PRUNING CLIMBERS
Hybrid
anthas.
August,
Wichuraianas
About the
last of
and
Hybrid
is
Polyfirst
July or the
of
is
when
over,
it
some
of the oldest
new wood a
older
and
it
season.
The
wood blooms
129
to
August pruning
it will
following spring to do
may
it is
on which
springing
from the base which have grown during the previous season should remain untouched, excepting that the
ends or tops of the longest should be somewhat shortThe same process used in pruning recently ened.
planted Hybrid Teas applies in the case of newly-
planted
climbers,
and
especially
weaker-growing
viz.,
pruning
This
back ''wickedly"
growth
no chance
blooms on a newly-planted climber would be poor; the great point is that such cutting back gives the
plant a better chance to become established and secures good flowering
wood the second year and thereafter. But, if you insist upon trying for some flowers the first summer on newly-planted stock, be sure that such climbers as you do not cut back have wellestablished root systems with fibrous feeding roots
EISENACH
Very much on the
color of Hiawatha; holds the foliage better in the fall, but blooms for a shorter period. nearly all the flowers coming into bloom at once and lasting only for a short time
CLIMBERS
uncut on any imported climbers of winter or early
spring
planting,
succeed with
any
varieties
it
or Polyanthas.
three-year-old doris
mant American
an even
chance of success.
Most
certainly
it
would be well to
manure
as suggested in "Cultivation."
It is
climbers; however,
if
down
the old
wood
canes
pliant,
new
Undoubt-
by
this
method.
She also states that the Banksias, some of the Multifloras, and one Noisette, Fortune's Yel-
sub-laterals, i. e., on wood be readily understood how easily the above-named climbers could be spoiled
on the
It will
by
*
unintelligent pruning.
"Roses and Rose Growing," by Rose G. Kingsley (The Mac131
millan Co.).
what the same principle as the Wichuraiana Climbers. The difference is that their wood winter kills more
easily,
of old canes
laterals
on main
more
Old
crowded.
will
In the case of
if
be obtained
atically trained
and fastened
Most Hybrid
Tea Climbers,
protection, as
Noisettes,
and
above described.
For
all
climbers,
on account
strongly
wood
of the
hardy climbers
is
advocated by some
become
thor-
oughly matured.
132
it is
astonishing
what
fine
may
will
if
you
believe
your plants
day
there
being
the
chances are that your bed will succeed, but you must
protect the rose roots from the roots of the trees.
As a general
a circum-
come back
again,
and
it is
The
it is
and cheapest
way
is
way
into
must
The
for all
best
way
is
which
will pro-
tect the
roots.
bed
Mr. E. M. Rosenbluth,
Penn-
New York,
soil.
and the
tree roots
do not
interfere, the
bed can
ideal
be successfully
location
is
made
as above proposed.
The
Windany-
may
be in the form
of trees, houses, or
bleak winds.
slope
if
Roses
will
is
not
easily drained,
and where
will
roses will
more
late frost
than they
on the exposed
hillside.
selected, in
to be given to
it
of plants
it
will
is is
number
of plants desired
when they
are spaced
Some
set
of the
will
do
better
if
rule, unless
you expect
On
Multiflora allow a
trifle
more.
of plants, consider
make
which
be found
much below
the
ground
may
be added, although
The matter
soil,
bed
is
on a
on
soils.
He
blooms are
desired,
and
The most complete and technical book on this subject which we have found is: "Soils," Lyon and
Fippin; L. H. Bailey, editor.
to be endorsed
by
all
rosarians
Teas do better in
some sand.
Until his death, the late Mr. Frederick
of Philadelphia,
W.
Taylor,
conducted a great
many
interesting
different kinds of
Some
of his
HUGO ROLLER
(Description page 83)
made up
in
tween
his roses
and those
we
recommending
on account
primarily
in
of the expense
their construction.
He explained in
'Country Life in
for the
America"
of grass
his
system of preparation
growing
and
golf greens.
lines,
growing of
for grass
was used
which
and
weak growing
to
roses like
Hugo
Roller.
Collectors
est
is
who wish
their greatIt
this description.
kind of
soil in
many
wood and
first
With good
marked and
in
many
No
made
it
in
When
these
new beds
are developed
is
hoped that
them
before
who
wants to grow
It is far better
ular beds,
and
to construct beds
all-round and
practical results
may
a moderate
cost.
There
is,
however, one
new
feature
and
useful
and
is
so simple that
we take
great
it
This
is
a non-conductor
and
cold,
and
will
138
ground by protecting
it
ing rays but also greatly reduce the actual temperature of the bed.
Later,
when
it
any
In addition to this
of
tically eliminates
constant weeding.
flower buds
moss is when the commence to form, except in very cool damp seasons, when it should be withheld until the
The
may
and
it
By
putting on a sixfinished
secure the
depth
way
to
is
to
trample on
carefully.
It will
less
likeli-
hood
of mildew.
The beds
much
longer.
moss
temperature low.
We
in
do not think
but in
districts
tion occurs,
and
existing extremely
be of great
benefit.
The moss should go from the surface to the bottom of the bed and make a four-inch wall between the bed and the hotter ground around it. Where cement
or boards have been used to keep out tree roots,
this side protection
is,
of course, unnecessary.
Under normal conditions peat moss is worth about fourteen dollars a ton by the carload and one ton will
cover over one hundred yards of rose beds, averaging
three
and one-half
two hundred pounds, at a cost of less than two dollars, would protect ten yards of rose bed, or about forty
140
The hundred-pound
price
is
little
more
War
However, moss
the same.
Herbert L. Wettern,
who won
the
Amateur Cham-
on
his beds.
This
may
it
has proved a
if
a deeper
mulch
of spent hops
was put
on,
it
would be praclose
tically as
good as moss.
Dr.
summer
to protect
them from heat; where moss or hops are not used this would undoubtedly be of value.
To
itself.
We
bed
of
must underdrain,
to get rid of
141
damp
other hand, retain moisture to a certain extent so that in very dry seasons the roots will not be too
dry.
To
is
it is
necessary in
soil
which
composed
of clay to
underdrain the
soil is
more open,
is
not needed.
all
underdrainage
is
lies
evenly,
not
sift
through
it
Large or uneven stone should be covered by something to keep the earth from sifting through.
If
the bed
face
is
made
in a
lawn the
turf cut
is
from the
sur-
a good expedient,
all
that
is
Fine stone
is
Of
which
is
be
sufficient.
Mr. E. M. Rosenbluth,
of Wallingford, Pennsyl-
by dyna-
We
will
now
consider that
we have dug a
which
is
trench,
now two
soil
feet
level.
It
be placed in one
pile
soil
and the
on the
about
subsoil in another.
The top
is
soil is
the
surface,
which runs to
six inches,
and which
composed
for the
of
most part
of
decayed vegetation
many
It contains a percentage of
humus and
is,
therefore,
Usually
it
noted.
clay or
In
soils
it
where there
will
is
a large percentage of
loam
other than that taken from the trench, as far as onethird of the mixture to be put
is
soil is
to
make
The
finished
bed
not
There
will
be enough top
be provided.
In
localities
where there
143
is
which con-
which
is
a very good
any quantity
soil
con-
much sand
soil
added.
make
be remembered that
the
soil
be rich
enough
for sustenance,
at the bottom.
The
ideal
way
to
soil,
and manure
for
by machine, but
following
procedure to be
all
that
necessary:
Cover the
then add
bottom
of the trench
darker top
soil,
the same number of loads of the lighter, clayey subsoil, and then an equal number of loads of manure,
after
rammed, otherwise
finished.
it will settle
too
much
after
it is
One bucket
be added
put
in.
When making
it
would
(which
may
ground.
For
this reason,
are
made
and
if
be covered with a
heavy
so that
be planted.
We
have sucsix
snow
in
When
planting
Utter
and the
VI
ORDERING
Having gone
ties"
carefully over the chapter
lists of roses,
on " Varie-
many
of the errors
Ordering
is
features to be considered;
insures success,
it
sure
to bring disappointment.
An
all
understanding of the
nurserymen would do
much to help. The main trouble is that the average man does not properly specify just what he wants and when he wants it, and he does not consider
substitution.
The nurseryman
orders in
number
of
his
He
has only so
many
his
and only so
a
many
plants of each,
and
roses are in
ORDERING
chance of securing what he desires.
stock
Later orders,
what
not always with what was desired, and the fault does not rest with the nurseryman. If the
order
its
is
properly
request
is
made
for
re-
immediate
filling,
unable to ship,
the order
is
not properly
may
not be satisfactory.
In ordering roses the following requisites should be specified: Field-grown, two-year-old stock, or if
possible, three-year-old
stock;
budded
stock.
stock,
not
most vigorous
varieties;
dormant
In addi-
much
but
better for
if
autumn
delivery,
roses are
it
is
In our opinion
with care
If
will often
is
do
well.
fall
the ordering
done in the
litter,
it is
the ground
is
and
if
late frosts, or
would be wiser to
is,
open
ground; that
As we
number
of
budded
any large
whom
to order.
tried
We
have grown
number
of years past
and have
less
acclimated,
risk of
deal-
hand and
is
also aiding
an
American
It
is,
enterprise.
when the
desired
varieties
may
ORDERING
Japanese Multiflora.
There
may
be other firms
who
these
H. Peterson, Fairlawn, N.
Rutherford, N.
J.
Bobbink
&
Atkins,
The budding
tainly a great
of roses
by American
firms
is
cer-
of inesti-
nurserymen.
field-
For
all
when American
it
is
suggested
may
be done.
The temperature
is
of the
ground
is
received has
more
to do
well under
way
plants
must be received
planted roses at
that
if
in a
dormant
condition.
We
have
all
was used,
failure practically
always
The advantage
is
autumn
if
that
if
and
they
growth to recommence,
and
little
have
in
most instances
commenced growth before spring. Roses so planted and which have become so established will start off
well in the spring,
much
such stock
is
growing season
lowing year,
may be expected until the foland many deaths have resulted. Only
little
few own-root
stock, as
growers
supply
dormant
field-
grown
inside.
most
of
them
do
well.
Our advice
of replacing
this:
to
all
planters with
is
whom
the expense
is
dead plants
to
not of
much moment
From October
as
ORDERING
edly,
you
will lose
some
if
you plant
if
after the
growing
last of
if
you
dormant plants
in the late
autumn, but no doubt a great many of them will come through and be better plants the following
year than
if
VII
PLANTING
Let us suppose
morning
it
that
You
may
be made in
and
it
and the
varieties should
be as ordered.
Very often
measure.
The
viz.,
plants should
unless
perfect
be unpacked inside
weather conditions
some
building,
prevail,
a damp, moist
day
neither
off,
cold
nor hot.
the plants
which should be
outside keep
ping,
on them.
there
is
no moss,
damp
earth,
them protected with any kind of wrapsuch as burlap or gunny sacks; or, better still,
in
plant.
This
PLANTING
is
in the
most important so that the roots may be placed ground in proper condition. Before taking
made
how they
If,
are to be planted;
if
for a formal or
Knowing what
apart in which they should be planted (covered in the lists), decide on the order in which they should
is
the easiest
way
for
where any particular rose is located. The bed should be three and a half feet wide
feet is better;
is
from the edge and the proper distance apart. There should be two rows of plants, each row ten inches
from the side of the bed.
first
plants opposite one another and gives them a trifle more room in which to grow, making them nearly the same distance apart each way. These beds as given are the most convenient and economical and
153
The most
is
perfect
results
are
obtained with a single row of plants in an eighteeninch bed, but the difference
so slight that except
this is
where room
is
of
no moment
not advocated.
color
When
a
trifle
it
is
by
to the inside
same amount
made, as indicated
is
a rose dies or
N<-
AADDGGJKKP AADDGGJKKP
A Antoine
J
Introducer
Bed
Stock
Date
Color
D Duchess of Wellington.
Rivoire
K Killarney
154
TkiUay nee/
Fig. 24
Fig. 25
Horace McFarland, of Harrisburg, uses a label formed from a of cypress thoroughly soaked in white lead and covered with a rectangular piece of zinc. The writing is done with a solution ten grains to four ounces of water, put on with of platinum chloride a gold pen
Mr.
J.
wooden block
x.\
Fig. 26
CELLULOID LABEL
A
clear strips of celluloid.
thin piece of paper bearing name, etc., is cemented between two Cementation is effected by flowing a small
quantity of amyl acetate (banana oil) between the strips of celluloid and paper, placed between two glasses under pressure until dry. A hole may be punched in end for string or wire and edges trimmed to make a neat appearance Suggested by Mr. F. F. Christine, of Philadelphia
PLANTING
following: Antoine Rivoire,
Duchess
of Wellington,
Make a compass drawing as outlined so that there may be no question as to the position of the bed.
This plan
is
and a
snare,
do not
and
also
become misplaced,
we depend
It is
what each
rose
is,
its location,
but
by a
stake,
rule or line.
Bring out
Sometimes rose roots are injured in the shipment, in which case it will be necessary to cut off the broken
*
most practical
white lead is fresh. outdoor varnish. more lasting by the use of varnish.
made as follows Cover a wooden Write on label with a soft pencil while Allow the white lead to dry and then cover with Labels received with new stock will be rendered
label
is
:
Note
illustration.
155
good pair
of pruning shears
and a sharp
work.
for this
It will
it is
and
which
growth
may have
started.
20.)
The
most important
to dig a hole
is
The
this hole,
and before
finally replacing
it,
two things
that
more
sus-
tenance the plant will get, and the more room there
be for the
little
fibrous roots.
It is particularly
difficult to
i.e.,
the
which
may
On
these two
The bud
should be not
less
PLANTING
be one and a half inches.
This seems
if
like getting
is higher not sufficiently protected in winter, and the rose does not do as well if it is planted lower.
it
down
is
the bud
The
it,
do
will take
not cross or touch one another at any point. This some time and care, but it is of the greatest
it
be properly done.
Two
much
finely
powdered
bottom
of the hole
and
also
on the
it
roots; this
is
very helpful
of any manure touching the roots (manure which, if too fresh and not well-rotted, will burn them) and
is
put
little
at a
it
time, to
up the
hole.
As he puts
it in,
tamp
fills,
take particular care that there is no space left just underneath the main root of the plant, for air space
is
most detrimental
to the
growth
of the rose.
Having
next.
filled
up the hole
the
When
first
hole
is
around the
first
insures
An
way
to
have a
lath, or other
measure
is
nailed.
very simple,
if
with moss
if
it,
otherwise
with
damp
soil
get
it
large
do not
let
and
slowly,
tamping down
raising
stick,
and lowering as the earth space remains below the main part
158
filled
in that
no
air
of the root.
PLANTING
Seventh, for Briar,
place the
Keep
is
them heeled
late that this
in
damp
soil.
earth, or
if
the season
so
heavy litter
from them.
can
as has been
This
autumn and
in the late
planting
autumn,
as
much
as possible.
The
best
way
to
do
this is to
and make
little
plant, hilling
If this is
should be removed
and the
fine
manure remaining
In autumn
be a good
planting
fertilizer
it will
and
if
them
full
it,
as they are.
If,
when taken up
and a
half.
or a large part of
extra
room
it is
is
In moving roses
them
of
as
much
as possible.
is
bottom out
after thoroughly
it
Then by mov-
moved
to its
new
location.
is
not practicable,
neces-
The
earth
may
burlap.
It is well to thoroughly
after moving,
the
VIII
PRUNING
Pruning
is
most necessary
to prepare
and to plant
intelligently, so
is
changed by the
all
of it is understood.
est illustration
an easy matter when the theory Perhaps the simplest and clear-
Now,
cane
if
this
all
left,
fifteen parts. As a matter amount would go to the end or top of the cane and to those buds nearest the top, for in all plant life it is more difficult to get the sap
to break the
is
if
there
in
In addition
whose canes
grow more or
less parallel to
growth as do
more
somewhat
and
number
of eyes
with
fifteen
buds:
Cut
off,
buds
five
much more
If
much
more chance
of the lowest
part of the sap would go to the few top buds and the
not breaking at
ties
all.
by
killing
back a portion
their
wood, thus
causing
them
to throw
up strong new
canes.
It will readily
with
still
a chance for
PRUNING
and the smaller the cane, the
grow shoots
the
less
vided that
without
much
quality, that
one wants.
The average
variety,
if
Shy
bloomers
will
number
of these will
fair
stems are
more blooms
do
but they
will require
much;
all
but
should be staked,
i.e.,
tie
string.
type,
fine
enough
for cutting;
of color
decoration.
is
used
it
must be understood
will gradually
is
cut back
by
will
be a greater
number
of blooms.
is
year
there will
those obtained
As a general working
ties to five
buds or
eyes,
ten inches, on
the
main
made
to
direction
direction;
fifth
by
is
cutting to a
bud which
e.g.,
the
eye
on
PRUNING
above
if it is
is
on
if
the
wood
is
somewhat
In this
way
inside, as
With
Each
of these
stalks.
buds
left
on
up flower
it
is
necessary to consider
pruning plants.
by
At
first it
may
be somewhat
difficult for
growth
is
An
number
of canes
much
crowding,
All dead
wood should
detected and
also
it
be removed.
and to make a
Where
and
later
there
any doubt
if
it is
prune low
quoted
is
preferable, as
it is
easy to prune
low
later,
longer; this
In such
growths very
Cut out
all
menced do not allow the stalks on the strong canes This treatment will serve to get beyond control.
to equalize the growths on such plants.
kill
back the
number
of eyes.
but
would be
killed
back to a foot
or less
and
in the north to
is
Pruning
frost
main body
of
has
left
the ground.
Where
PRUNING
year
to break; even in
no
have a
buds begin to
of the rose
it
With the
This
which there
is
practically
it
no winter,
i.e.,
no
frost.
will
sometimes be found
though
the
wood has
it
will
be necessary to prune
number
of buds,
even
if
the cane
is
by the
usual system.
rule.
This information
a general working
varieties which,
on account
is
given in
the
lists,
the
number
on the weaker
of eyes.
number
167
may
be more
is
illustrated in
first is
a Hybrid
but
the same
Tea
in the spring
is
The second
it
was
On stem
will
will
To
propoff
prune
this
weakest stem
is
should be cut
to
two buds as
is
shown
in Fig. 30.
it
On stem "B,"
be seen that the
which
somewhat
stronger,
will
on the outside.
The
first
bud
is
Cane U C" on Fig. 29 should be pruned in exactly the same way, cut to the third bud on the outside, and this is done
not show clearly in the illustration.
in Fig. 30.
in Fig. 29
is
undoubtedly the
it
and in Fig. 30
this
Fig. 29
Fig. 30
SAME ROSE AS
FIG. 29
PROPERLY PRUNED
PRUNING
shoot of
fourth
30.
its
"E." "E" in Fig. 29 should be cut to the bud on the outside, and this is shown in Fig.
is
"F"
Cut "F"
(Fig. 29)
"A" and
on
cane
"F" had been somewhat larger, and "B, " "C," and "E" had been as small as or smaller canes than
"A," the plant would have been
it
too one-sided
and
"F"
back,
on the outside,
bud
sap of this
for general
work
to
number
of fine blooms.
Natuis
willing to
this result, to
however, cut
off
have been
and
Such blooms,
However,
more
to
any marked degree, and they cut down the numthey entail except for exhibition purposes.
carefully
and thoroughly
than one-quarter of an
one-half of
an inch from
it.
The
PRUNING
across, that
is,
but should
be slanting.
out the
This
wood
bud
starts
and
the
The
An
in
which to prune
is
of carpet placed
on the
It is
may
amount
of
pruning unless
some such method is used; to keep the dampness from coming through the carpet should be doubled
over at least once.
their eyes should
in this work, as
more minute attention is required The foregoing suggestions a large amount of pruning, but even
it
employ
be
this
much more
pruning a pair of
heavy gloves
cut
will
to
down
of
It is quite
down
to
an approximate height
until
when
frost
an approximate height
of
half,
Do
not cut to
buds, and
less.
if
The buds
liable to
forced in a
warm,
late
autumn
or early
kill.
left
no harm
is
done.
well to include the cutting of
is is
Under pruning
the bloom.
it is
This
is
if
the principle
is
a very
the
easy matter.
as in spring pruning,
method
is
to be
desired.
Cutting
If
not start so
quickly.
For
this reason
it is
on the plants.
all
bedding
and
a stem
is left
pod forms it takes the greater part of the nourishment on any shoot, the sap going to the top as has
172
PRUNING
been previously noted.
the greatest
seed pod.
for
amount
is
of
By autumn,
foliage.
somewhat better
more blooms.
On
the stronger
Tea
for
summer and
autumn bloom.
less
never
one.
will
If
a long stem
be produced but
will
they
will
cutting from a
more bloom
sufficient.
is
bud
will
be
on a
in
uneven
started
varie-
In late
cutting
it will
be unnecessary to
frost.
frail,
is
hybrid-
pods or heps
old blooms
and
twice a
week
all
order and
more
year.
For the
first
all
be
on weak wood.
roots less
work
them
the
crowding.
pruned severely
174
it
PRUNING
opment
of
wood
Austrian Briar.
To
ter:
noted; for
varieties
medium
fine
and
six eyes;
On
the weaker
canes;
a few exhi-
For
summer never
two
blooms.
eyes
cut
On
Be
is
Always cut to
growth
In
all
is
needed.
amount
of sap each
one
will get,
and
IX
CULTIVATION
If the directions given in this book for location,
really
is
hard work
is
over and
ahead.
The
actual culture
spring
and autumn
is
much work
is
to
be done.
be
out of the
ground, take
it
litter or
only leaves.
The
little
mounds should
is level,
so that the
bed
and
if
and
the
manure that
the
In the bed
itself,
there
is
many
bed
after
Another good
At the
left,
the result
when disbudding
for
improvement
Fig. 32 is needed and not attended to; at the specimen blooms given by careful disbudding
right, the
CULTIVATION
food
is
liquid
manure water
water "weak
Dr.
and often"
is
Huey
is
sometimes used.
Mr.
W. Taylor
manure water;
settle,
his recipe
five
pounds
of blood to
a barrel of water.
then draw
In April or
May
and very shortly the buds themselves and gradually turn into blooms.
ties,
appear
On
is
certain varie-
carefully
amount
all
of
removed as naturally they take a certain sustenance, and the main bloom will
if it
receives
these smaller
of color
preferred
remove them.
quickly done
It will
by hand.
all
be found that
177
light
green insects
Green
gardens.
There
is
which
whale
will greatly
this is to spray
oil
soap.
The
Two
to which
add an ounce
of
whale
oil
soap,
first dis-
It will
take
It should
Doctor H.
recommends a mixture
40 with
ient
of
more convenstores.
may
be bought at seed
Add
The Aphides
and a gallon
enough
for
is
are
of
from
by applying with
take care of
it
it will
fifty
well,
but
requires
more
Spray three
days in succession.
By
ing.
this
It
will naturally
need weed-
Fig. 33
At
the
left,
Fig. 34 Fig. 3d thrip on the under side of the leaves; at the right, tl e results of the thrip': inroads showing on the upper side of the foliage
easily destroyed
by use
of tobacco
water
CULTIVATION
regarding the proper method.
hoe, as the gardener terms
it,
An
ordinary scratch
take out the weeds and also destroy some of those not yet up. Care must be taken not to hurt the rose roots.
will quickly
As the days become warmer and the ground drier Keep the earth broken up in the beds and do not permit it to form a hard
take more care of the plants.
cake or crust, as
it will
do
if left
alone.
This breaking
In addition to
very
For
this
and perhaps
easiest to secure in
most
places.
When
the roses are fully formed, withhold manure water until after the first crop, apply again as each suc-
Roses
need a
slight rest
between crops.
be very
little
If
a mulch has
will
weeding and no
breaking up of dried earth necessary and the moisture should be well conserved in the beds.
Watering is necessary in very dry weather if the ground becomes thoroughly baked, but never water
late in the day.
The
Roses should always be watered early in the morning before the temperature rises it is unnatural to water them
during heat
dry
foliage,
Mildew
moss
is
too
much
moisture.
The use
of peat
will
extent unnecessary.
to
watch
leaves.
little
The very
best
remedy
is
powdered
has
white hellebore.
fuls in
Make
cooled apply
and borers
it is
necessary
by hand.
carefully for
Watch
any sprouts
of the
Manetti or
The
root
itself is
enemy
to the
Rose bugs or
by hand, dropping
Recently some growers claim success with the following kerosene emulsion % lb. (202) hard soap.
1 qt. water. 2 qts. kerosene oil. Shake 5 Dissolve soap in hot water and while hot add the oil to 10 minutes in jug until it becomes a creamy mass. Use 1 qt. emulsion to 6 qts. water. Spray roses from May 1st to June 15th every week, also spray ground under rose bushes.
180
Fig. 36
This borer has been taken from the hole in which he had concealed himself
Fid. 38
Two
Powdered hellebore
is
the
CULTIVATION
H
For larger quantities lb. hard soap.
1 gallon water. 2 gallons kerosene oil shake as before. Use 3 gallons emulsion to 17 gallons water.
At the end
be found a
list
of
summer and now towards its close the nights commence to become cooler and the days are still quite warm; the air itself is very moist and humid.
change from eighty degrees or more in the dayless in
like.
the night
is
one which
is
When
there
also
is liable
to occur.
good
remedy
is
seed store.
Another
fine
remedy
is
a solution of
common
soft
Fels-Naphtha soap.
fore being
added to the
in the morning,
and
This
may
any seed
181
store.
only
is
is
Huey
Last year a
fair success,
is
most
difficult to eradicate.
June
14,
on black spot
Rose Society
article is that
of England.
in the
black spot
is
reproduces
itself
by means
of spores
on the
is
leaves.
To combat
and
is
suggested
This
leaves
also to
soil.
To accomplish
summer when
soil
and moistened
necessary,
necessary, in
No new growth
condition
Fig. 40
What
if
fine
Note how low this plant the leaf eaters are left undisturbed long stems for cut flowers resulting from such treatment
CULTIVATION
order to secure the proper results, to spray as soon
as the buds begin to open early in the spring,
for this early spraying
and
com-
two tablespoonfuls
plant
of
when the
used,
is in full
growth
one-half strength
is
i. e.,
one tablespoonful to
week
is
season.
Where black
it
the plants,
also
of Cornell, are
roses.
M. Massey and Professor Whetzel, making investigations of diseases of This work is most valuable and considerable
made
in dividing
and
classifying.
different diseases
this
the country
by
most
It
would be
best,
where the
affected, to
but the
soil is
of leaves, it is better
in newspaper,
and send by
At Cornell
Massey
is
it
spot
is
Professor
quoted:
isolated at will,
inoculations."
still
make a
fight
to give flowers
and the
late
to the last of
Novem-
ber
protection.
The
to cut
first
thing to do with
all
ordinary bushes
is
them down to an approximate height of a foot and a half. They will nearly all die down to this height or below in any event, and by cutting off the bushy tops damage by high wind is prevented. The mulch should at this time be removed and saved
for the following spring.
The matter
the ground
of hilling
it is
is
so
important that
repeated.
heaping
some top
six inches
soil
add
than
this
up
in a little
less
mound around
CULTIVATION
Mr. H.
tried a
J. Staples, of
Biddeford, Maine,
who has
number
it is
of roses
good
section
better to
make
the
hills
By
this
method he
only
note that he
of the
With the Hybrid Perpetuals and the very hardiest Hybrid Teas this hilling up is not really
many
beautiful varie-
this
After the roses are hilled up, wait until the ground
freezes before placing the litter
on the beds.
No
insects or
mice
will
then inhabit
it
and
wood
of the canes.
Another
little
good way
to
fill
meadow
hay, with
warmth
to the beds.
is
to
building paper,
over
it is
better to
remove the
warm
heavy
when any
later
so started
by the
heat.
It is therefore
when the
out of the ground and before the heat of the sun be-
lasting.
of
boards
is
to
bend
down
roots
and to place
it
in a trench
and cover
it
heavily
with earth.
Most Hybrid Wichuraiana and other climbers will come through the winter well by themselves. Others, however, winter kill more or less, not enough to kill
the plant
itself
of the
main stems.
of
The Wichuraiana
such
wood
lacking and
up new shoots
there will be
no bloom.
If
186
CULTIVATION
the far north it would be well to bend down the canes and protect them with the usual blanket of earth
black
spot,
rust, etc.
(Page 211). H. H. Thomas suggests using a mixture, for mildew, of equal parts of fine quicklime and sulphur dusted on the affected areas.
.
"Roses, Their History, Development, and Culture" (Page Pemberton advocates the same dusting and also gives the 303) following: 1 lb. flowers of sulphur, 1 lb. powdered quicklime. Add sufficient water to form a paste. Add one gallon of cold water. Boil for twenty minutes and when cool pour off the liquid and spray at the rate of half a pint of the above mixture
to six gallons of water. (Page 303). Pemberton recommends 1> lbs. of Calvert's carbolic soft soap in 7^2 quarts of water a pailful; spray with one part of mixture to three parts of soft water, and he adds, "this is the remedy we apply." "Roses and Rose Growing" (The Macmillan Co.), (Pages 137138). Miss Kingsley advocates flowers of sulphur for mildew, distributed by a pair of powder bellows, and suggests applying before mildew appears. She uses Quassia Chips for Aphis, and recommends picking by hand for caterpillars. "The Rose" (Page 89). Ellwanger's recipe for mildew is sulphur and soot, applied while the dew is on the plants so that it will
adhere.
"Roses" (Page 52). The Garden Library of Doubleday, Page & Company suggests for black spot carbonate of copper compound, using five ounces of copper compound to three quarts of ammonia and sixty gallons of water. The spraying should
be done once a week, using a hose with a nozzle that gives a
fine spray.
"Pictorial Practical Rose Growing" (Pages 80-84). Wright does not mention black spot, but the reference made to orange
fungus or red rust is that it develops into black rust, possibly the same as the well-known black spot. This article is so clear that it is quoted verbatim. "When the experienced rose grower observes orange-yellow spots on the leaves of his plants in early summer, he knows that
187
agricultural treacle, 1 lb. of soft soap. Pour together when cool; stir the treacle or soft soap well in and make up to twentyfive gallons with water. "When the first signs of the disease appear in summer, spray with carbarn, repeating if necessary. The solution should reach the under as well as the upper side of the leaves. "To prepare carbarn, take 1 ounce of carbonate of copper, J4 pint of liquid ammonia. Dissolve the carbonate of copper in the ammonia and mix with ten gallons of water."
Mr. E. M. Rosenbluth,
of Wallingford, Pennsyl-
by placing one
large
handful of coarse sand and three handfuls of charcoal directly under the roots, varieties
which ordi-
same
One
is
point that
all
authorities
dead and
fallen
leaves affected
by black
spot.
the
larvae
moth;
less
CULTIVATION
rapidly as
safest
it
Hand
picking
is
the
remedy.
Humus
has been
It
may
when
the rose
is
planted,
and
also applied
At the end
any
chance of rose scale and also as an additional preventive against black spot, the following solution
should be
made and
2
lbs.
and add 7
gallons of water.
stiff
X
SOME GENERAL INFORMATION AND HINTS ON HYBRIDIZATION
In the climate of the Middle Atlantic States,
is
it
However, there
all
is
States in which
of those
more
delicate roses
may
and southwest;
wonderful
may
be suc-
Teas
will
be found
the Hybrid
weaker
do
well.
is
grow
and
in
the
autumn when
of
comes move to a
will
cellar or building
not penetrate.
In the case
The only
soil
GENERAL INFORMATION
in their old
larger pot
Roses are being grown Lawrence where the temperature reaches forty degrees below zero; they are protected
on the Gulf
filled
with earth.
The Hybrid
In the
Hybrid Teas
tried give
of the
poor
results.
would be possible
more
One
of the best
means
is
of protecting roses
from
make
it
possible to
wall
would be
low bushes
six- or eight-foot
rose
The
would be
down
from their fastenings on the wall and covered over with earth and the smaller roses cut back and heavily
covered.
many
cannot hope to
the wall
it
raise,
bloom at
different times.
On
roses to try,
and
if
same variety
come
into
A
of
difference in soil
and situation
affects the
time
bloom
to
some
extent.
in slightly later
colder sections,
and
particularly in sections
where
growth
is
started, a
north slope
is
a safe exposure.
In such a situation
it
would on a southern
slope,
and they
will
not be
by the
ground
late frosts.
will
It
not have as
much
high ground the air will have free access and will
GENERAL INFORMATION
not allow the frost to remain, as
low-lying ground.
it
seems to do in
often gives a
Proximity to the ocean or any large body of water more even temperature than is found
in inland sections.
land,
ful
Near the sea coast of New Engwhere cool summers are encountered, wonderbeauty is shown by many roses.
is
There
a very interesting
list
to Make a Flower Garden," in which Mr. W. C. Egan gives his experience with roses near Jackson Park, Chicago.
locality of
Chicago published in
"How
From the list which he selects it would seem that the hardiest Hybrid Teas- would do well there, as
his article included with the
eral
On
before
East would
call early
very excellent
article in the
American
Rose Annual
Mr.
McFarland,
is
quoted verbatim:
roses
even
in California
if
summer,
will
more
type of rose.
not only
fail
in
most
cases,
soon deteriorate and die prematurely, due to the continual forcing of growth.
therefore,
It
to force
withholding water in midsummer, a time when, because of dry weather, few good blooms are produced.
Toward the
first of
about the
of the soil,
first of
July, depending
is
on the condition
water
September.
to ripen
They are not allowed to suffer, but made their wood and recuperate from the strain
bloom.
all
of the season's
weak growth removed, after which a heavy mulch of cow-manure and a liberal amount of water are applied. Irrigation is kept up until the first new
bud
is
blown,
when
it
may
194
be discontinued to allow
GENERAL INFORMATION
the wood to ripen for the winter pruning. In this manner an abundant supply of fall bloom is produced,
time the
"Heavy pruning is performed in January, at which wood of the previous season's growth is
In early spring the beds are again
well ripened.
and overhauling,
quired until the
after
which
rest,
little
attention
is re-
summer
by a
except an occasional
irrigation, followed
soil.
superficial
working of the
flowers of the
Under
this
treatment the
first
first of
July.
"The superiority of budded roses is believed to be generally recognized. Some types, especially Teas, are too weak and delicate for ordinary outdoor culture unless worked on a more vigorous root, and the majority seem to be more or less improved when so treated. Budded plants are here not only more vigorous and longer-lived, but are more adaptable to
wet and poor
soil conditions,
and
will
produce larger
and
1
root plants.
Too
of
The
den
used
many
varieties, as the
in
believed
much
finer
and more
satis-
by the amateur
and treatment
rest.
HINTS ON HYBRIDIZATION
This chapter would not be complete without further information
on the most
growing, that
ties.
is,
hybridization to secure
in the chapter
new
varie-
on propagation
will
most fascinating
Fig. 41
Fig. 42
SAME ROSE AS FIG 41 WITH MOST OF STAMENS AND ANTHERS REMOVED, SHOWING THE STYLES AND PISTILS- THE FEMALE ORGANS
GENERAL INFORMATION
It will
some
give
interesting
work
up part
may
addition of Pernet-
a large
field
to
work upon,
will
bloom
reliably
from
be
By
quite a
number
of crosses could be
is
made, although
be as great as
to experiment.
if
As most
fertilized
of the
its
with
the pollen of
success
is
a rose will become more quickly than by any other rose. The main point for
state,
books
own
pollen
is
becomes
ripe
It is
it
the anthers
very easy to
will
when
and
if
the pollen
is
ripe because
rubbed across
Pluck
off
of scissors should
be used to
As
this is
off
thus precluding any possibility of the immature pollen reaching the pistils.
Some few
of
them
will
be
on they
will
The
sun
kept in the
flower. flower,
or female
now
If
selected.
is
is
taken
will
be unnecessary
whole flower
may be cut.
warm day
is
is
not active.
When
the pollen
falling
on to the
of
the rose
complete.
198
GENERAL INFORMATION
After roses have been hybridized, allow the seed
warm
summer take
the plants
properly.
or other interference
autumn the
little
and
In
appear on
many
of them,
the climbers.
varieties of out-
As a rule, inside
of the winter, the
grafting
is
Briar as a stock
"goes to sleep."
of
Wichuraiana, of
Rugosa and
their
roots.
of sorts
own
roots should
be tested on their
own
199
budding on strong
results.
After a satisfactory
method
to
if it is
garden variety.
is
It will thus
be seen how
much
time
required before a
new
variety
may
be passed upon
as of value.
in the text
plete,
was found that while the information contained books on these subjects seemed very com-
received from
men who
did this
who
wishes to
make them
is
to learn at
accom-
Budding
whether
it
is
more
difficult,
and
it
is
doubtful
Those
who
tions
desire to
bud on a
buy the
The disadvantage
budding
200
is
GENERAL INFORMATION
to procure seeds of the stock to be used. There is then the work of planting these seeds in February, taking care of the young seedlings, and setting them
is
suitable.
for
budding
in
August
of
same
year.
budded they
These
the
bud
be produced.
plants can be
moved only
gathered before
them
in nursery
rows in the
or following spring,
the same.
field-
On
fifty
may
one
fall
saving a year.
A
and
a greenhouse,
to
in the fall
when the
become dormant,
Such
is
and by
this
varieties
and
tests of
new
The
fact
disadvantages are:
necessitated
amount
of care
growth and
impaired by the
is
most interesting
for
those
fullest
who
growing to the
extent.
There
is
bud
is
cut, the
bud
left.
This result
not use this method, but after cutting the bud, shaved
the same
portion of
down until there was only a very wood left with a large surface of
small
bark.
This expla-
GENERAL INFORMATION
nation will be understood in conjunction with any
book on budding.
is
who
for him.
for exhibition,
method has
generally been to
bud
in
August and
budded growth,
plants
is
as the first or
and
three-
year-old bushes.
INDEX
Beds, care
of,
138
rose, 35
rose, 105
Lemon
rose, 78 rose, 35
drainage, 142
finished,
Aimee Cochet
Alexandra
Alex. Hill
144
Alister Stella
sette), 126
Alpina roses, propagation of, by suckers, 17 All-around best roses, 32-97 American growers, advantages of buying from, 147
35,
43,
Aphides, or green
flies,
178
Blanche Frowein rose, 126 Blanche Moreau rose, 114 Blood as a fertilizer, 177
Ards Rover rose, 119 Arethusa rose, 115 Ashes as a fertilizer, 176 Atropurpurea rose, 112
Autumn
150
planting,
advantage,
Bone meal, 176 Bouche rose, 117 Bouquet rose, 126 Bourbon Perpetual rose, Boytard rose, sport
(Ecarlate), 25
30, 174
from
B
Baby Ramblers,
117, 123
main
varieties, 30
Banksian rose, 127, 131 Bardou Job, 116 Baroness Rothschild rose, 110 Beaute Inconstante rose, 78
160
for grafting, 24, 199
Bridesmaid
205
rose,
35
INDEX
Budded roses, 20, 22, 23, 201 advantages of, 21, 22 objections to, 20
Budding, 15, 18, 19, 22, 200 Buds, small, removal of, 177 Bugs or beetles, 180
Climbers, pruning, 129
Beauty
Soupert
roses,
119
Clothilde
Climbing
rose, 123
Climbing
118,
Hybrid
122
Tea
120,
Camoens
rose,
sport
from
Climbing
Victoria,
Kaiserin
120
Augusta
rose,
(Ecarlate), 25
Carmine Pillar
119, 126, 166
rose, 122
Climbing Climbing
113,
Madame Melanie
Mrs.
Sou-
W.
J.
Grant
rose, 120
Climbing Richmond
rose, 126
Comte G. de Rochemur
of
rose,
prominent
rose,
56, 58
32
St.
Sau-
du
Cayla
rose,
79,
China
117
rose,
Constance rose, 79
Coquette de Lyon rose, 36
Cordelia rose, 126
maine
varieties,
78-97
Cleveland rose, 105
Clothilde Soupert rose, 113
Countess of
79
Shaftsbury
rose,
Climate,
of,
American,
influence
roses,
40,
on European 190
38,
38,
142
Cultivation, 176
Climbers,
118,
121-125
planting,
128
206
INDEX
Cutting
off
E
Earl of Warwick rose, 80 Ecarlate rose, a sport from
autumn, 184
Cuttings, 15, 17, 18, 21, 200
C.
W. Cowan
rose, 60, 79
Camoens,
25, 57, 63
Damask Hybrids,
30, 33
propagation of, 17 Perpetual, 33 Danae rose, 125 Dean Hole rose, 79 Decorative Hoses, 44, 57, 65,
117,
Hartmann
rose, 64, 68
128
location
of
Diagram showing
remedies, 187
W. Van
Dorothy Page Roberts rose, 80 Dorothy Perkins rose, 124 Dorothy Ratcliffe rose, 80 Double Killarney rose, 26 Ducher rose, 80 Duchess of Albany rose, 25 Duchess of Sutherland rose, 80 Duchess of Wellington rose, 64,
65, 154, 155
Farben Konigin
Feeding, 176
rose, 81
Ferdinand Jamin
Flies, green,
rose,
35
a season,
Foreword,
Duisburg rose, 80 Druschki rose (see Frau Karl Druschki) Dwarfs (bushes) and standards, 38, 40
35,
INDEX
Frau Margrethe Moller
50, 52
rose,
rose, 82
von
Marschall
rose,
47,
autumn
planting, 145
Gruss an Teplitz
117,
rose, 57,
62,
127
rose, 82
Gustav Grunerwald
G
Galatea rose, 125 Gardenia rose, 124 Gartendirector Hartrath
82
H
Harry Kirk
128
rose,
rose,
64,
65,
109,
Habit,
101
rose,
Hadley
106
Hansa
rose, 112
General
57, 60,
MacArthur
154,
rose,
28,
from, 27
155
Helen Good
Arnold Jan-
rose, 83
General-Superior
sen rose, 82
Hermosa
83
rose, 83
rose,
Henslow rose, 110 George Arends rose, 110 George C. Waud rose, 57, 59
Geoffrey
George Elger rose, 113 George Laing Paul rose, 35 Gloire de Dijon rose, 126 Gloire de Chedane Guinoisseau
rose, 110
Hiawatha Hilling up
185
rose, 28,
122,
124
184,
late in
autumn,
110,
Golden Meyer
rose, 105
(Per-
Gorgeous rose, 106 Grace Molyneux rose, 82 Grafting, 15, 23, 24 Grange Colombe rose, 44
33, 108,
208
INDEX
Hybrid Perpetual
43, roses, 22, 26,
108,
109,
111,
132,
153, 173, 185, 191, 193 Perpetual roses, ancestors of, 29, 30
Tea
105, 127,
111,
114, 153,
116-120,
160, 163,
K
Kaiserin Augusta Victoria rose, 36, 84, 121 Katherine Zeimet rose, 113
128,
166, 185,
193
Tea climbers,
Key
new
131,
varieties
of
(sports), 25 Killarney Brilliant rose, 84 Killarney Queen rose, 84 Konigin Carola rose, 84
Imogen
rose, 106
La Detroit La France
56,
137
dark, 25
La Tosca
rose, 44, 49
Beauty
rose, 116
116
Irish
Harmony
rose, 116
Jacqueminot rose (see General Jacqueminot Jacques Porcher rose, 44, 45 Jacques Vincent rose, 83
Lady Alice Stanley rose, 50, 53 Lady Ashtown rose, 50, 84 Lady Barham rose, 84 Lady Battersea rose, 84 Lady de Bathe rose, 85 Lady Downe rose, 85 Lady Dunleath rose, 85 Lady Greenall rose, 85 Lady Hillingdon rose, 85 Lady Katherine rose, 85 Lady Margaret Boscawen rose,
85
rose, 35
INDEX
Lady Lady Lady Lady Lady
128
Mary Ward
Penzance
rose, 85
Madame
rose, 115
Caroline Testout)
Pirrie rose, 04
Madame
(
Plymouth
rose, 64, G J
87
Madame
87
Madame
112
Charles
Worth
rose,
Madame
rose, 80
Lena
106
rose, 35,
rose,
Madame Edouard
37,66
Herriot rose,
Location
and
preparation
of
beds, 133
Madame Hector
121
Leuillot rose,
Madame Jenny
88
of,
Guillemot rose,
Ludwig
Moller
rose
(yellow
Madame Jules Grolez rose, 88 Madame Levavasseur rose, 113 Madame Leon Pain rose, 52 Madame Marcel Delanney rose,
100
Madame Maurice
50,53
de Luze rose,
Lyon
Madame
M
Mabel Drew
rose, 87
04, G8
Madame
88
rose,
Madame Bardou Job rose, 87 Madame Bravy rose, 33, 34 Madame Berard rose, 34, 122'
rose,
50
210
INDEX
Madame Vermorel rose, 88 Madame Victor Verdier rose, Madame Wagrani, Comtesse
Turenne rose, 88 Mdlle. Marie Mascuraud
88
Mdlle.
33
de
Miss G. Messman rose, 123 Miss Muriel Jamison rose, 116 Miss O. G. Orpen rose, 116 Molly Sharman Crawford rose,
90
rose,
Simone Beaumez
rose,
49
Main
78-97
Majestic rose, 89 Maman Cochet rose, 65, 89 Manetti stocks for budding, 19,
160
Moonlight rose, 125 Mrs. Aaron Ward rose, 67 Mrs. Ambrose Riccardo rose, 90 Mrs. Amy Hammond rose, 90 Mrs. Anthony Waterer rose,
107
Mrs.
Arthur
E.
E.
Coxhead
rose, 90
Manure, 157,
176, 177
Marechal Niel rose, 126 Margaret Dickson rose, 109, 110 Margherita Croze rose, 89 Marie-Jeanne rose, 123 Marie Pavie rose, 113 Marie Schmitt rose, 89 Marie Van Houtte rose, 89 Marquise de Ganay rose, 89 Marquise de Sinety rose, 89 Mary, Countess of Ilchester
rose, 89
rose
121
(white Dr.
Melanie Niedieck
rose, 106
Mrs. B. R. Cante rose, 57, 62 Mrs. Bosanquet rose, 115 Mrs. Charles Custis Harrison rose, 90 Mrs. Charles E. Allen rose, 90 Mrs. Charles E. Pearson rose, 9 Mrs. Charles Reed rose, 91 Mrs. Charles Russell rose, 91 Mrs. David Bailiie rose, 91 Mrs. David Jardine rose, 91 Mrs. Dudley Cross rose, 65, 91 Mrs. Edward Powel rose, 91 Mrs. E. Townsend rose, 91 Mrs. Forde rose, 91 Mrs. Foley-Hobbs rose, 91 Mrs. Frank Bray rose, 92 Mrs. Franklin Dennison rose,
107
Mrs. Frederick
rose, 92 rose,
W. Vanderbilt
rose, 90
Mrs. Fred Straker rose, 92 Mrs. George Dickson rose, 110 Mrs. George Gordan rose, 107
211
INDEX
Mrs. George Shawyer rose, 50,
N
Natalie Bottner rose, 04, 66
54 Mrs. llarkness rose, 27 Mrs. Harold Brocklebank rose, 43, 48 Mrs. Herbert Hawksworth rose,
47
National Emblem rose, 107 Nellie Parker rose, 107 New varieties, development, 25
Noisette roses, 30, 126, 128, 132,
190, 196
Mrs. Hubert Taylor rose, 92' Mrs. Hugh Dickson rose, 107 Mrs. John Laing rose, 109, 110
Novelty, 98
o
Odette Pedriolle rose, 94 Old Austrian Briar rose, 109
Ixmgworth rose, 35, 93 MacKellar rose, 107 Mona Hunting rose, 107 R. G. Sharnian Crawford
rose, 110 Mrs. Richard Draper rose, 93 Mrs. S. T. Wright rose, 93 Mrs. T. Hillas rose, 93 Mrs. Wakefield Christie-Miller rose, 93 Mrs. Walter Easlea rose, 93
Old Cold rose, 94 Ophelia rose, 43, 44, 45 Ordering, importance of care 140 Orleans rose, 113, 123 Oskar Cordel rose, 109, 110 Own -root roses, 22
in,
109, 111
Mrs. Mrs.
78
141, 180
Mrs. Wemyss Quin rose, 93 Molly Sharman Crawford rose, 90 Moss, 138-141, 152, 180 Moss roses, 114 Mulching with peat moss, 138141
109, 111
16,
109
briar (Luteae), 30
remedies, 178-180
Petallage, 101
My
Maryland
rose, 28, 94
212
INDEX
Pink Cherokee
133-137
general
late
rose, 127
wall
windwinter,
autumn, 171
175
191
autumn,
advantage,
150
of climbers, 128
rules for,
grafted small,
ordering
of,
dor-
14G
Queen Mary rose, 95 Queen Mab rose, 115 Queen of Fragrance rose, 108
own
root, 22
R
Radiance
rose, 28,
Polyantha, 47
50
Polyantha Aglaia rose, 122 Polyantha, dwarf, 123 Polyantha Orleans rose, 123
Polyanthas, climbing, 117, 122, 123, 192 President Carnot rose, 154
President
Ramona
rose, 127
Rayon d'Or rose, 95 Red Admiral rose, 95 Red Four Seasons rose, 30 Red Letter Day rose, 95
Reine Marie Henriette
122
rose, 34,
W.
H. Taft rose, 94
Primrose, 94
Remedies,
177, 178
pests
and
diseases,
Primula
rose, 113
Prince de Bulgarie rose, 94 Prince Mohamed Ali Pacha rose, 95 Princess Adelaide rose, 114
Principal A. H. Pirie rose, 95
Robert Heller rose, 95 Robert Huey rose, 57, 58 Robin Hood rose, 57, 59
(see
Comte G.
Propagation by suckers, 17
established varieties, 15
113
roses,
care
of,
152,
new
184
varieties, 25
Protection from
autumn
frosts,
213
INDEX
Roots of
133
trees, protection
from,
Rugosa
Rust, 187
Moscliata, 30
Safrano rose, 95
Section, light colored, 43
color,
main
pink, 50
red, 5G
yellow, 64
Seedlings, 25, 27, 28
main
varieties,
32
budded, 19, 23, 148
budding, 19
classification of, 43-71
hybrids, 16
climbers, 118
color, 99
Senateur Mascuraud, 04, G7 Shape, 100 Shoots from below the bud, 20 Shower of Gold rose, 126, 127
Silver
cultivation, 176
Moon
rose,
125
dwarfs, 38
form, 73-98, 100
foreign
color
of,
varying, 40
180
57
fragrance
99
individual qualities, 98
in California,
194
pedigree, 34, 35
sixteen best, 41
forty-eight
best,
Souvenir of Henry
42
108
Graham
rose,
valuable novelties, 27
214
INDEX
Standards,
protection
of,
in Varieties, best,
32',
41, 78 sq.
weeping, 38
Staking, 163
established, 15
introducers of new, 26
main
sale,
list,
78-97
Manetti, 19, 24
W
Waltham Scarlet W. A. Richardson
rose, 97 rose, 127
20
Substance, 100
Suckers, 17, 155 Sunburst rose, 96
Suzanne
rose, 111
Marie
Rodocanachi
White Killarney rose, 97 White Maman Cochet rose, 97 White tussock moth, 188, 189
Wichuraianas,
199
119,
121,
192,
Sweetheart rose, 28
William R. Smith
Tausendschon rose, 125 Tea roses, 22, 37, 38,
160, 190, 193
rose, 97
Wm.
39,
Shean
rose, 97
153,
Wind
an
Gruss
Teplitz)
Winter Cheer rose, 125 Wintering roses, 190 sq.; received late in autumn, 147,
148
16,
Wood
ashes as a
fertilizer,
176
U
Ulrich Brunner rose, 111
Xavier Olibo
rose, 111
Yvonne Rabier
215
rose, 113
ALICE
LEMON
ANNIE BESANT
(Description page 78)
BEAUTE INCONSTANTE
(Description page 78)
BETTY
(Description page 79)
DEAN HOLE
(Description page 79)
DUCHESS OF SUTHERLAND
(Description page 80)
DUCHESS OF WESTMINSTER
(Description page 80)
EARL OF WARWICK
(Description page 80)
ELLEN WILLMOTT
(Description page 81)
EVELYN DAUNTESSY
McGredy & Son,
Very weak grower
in
Hybrid Tea
1911
FAKBEN KONIGIN
(Description page 81)
GEORGE DICKSON
Alex. Dickson
&
H. V.
MACHIN
LADY ASHTOWN
(Description page 84)
LADY BARHAM
(Description page 84)
LADY
de
BATHE
LADY HILLINGDON
(Description page 85)
wHSt hnT&^'^aS^*B^g^^?^^^y
'
'
'
^^iM'S^t^SSl^
MABEL DREW
(Description page 87)
MADAME VERMOREL
(Description page 88)
MISS ALICE
de
ROTHSCHILD
MRS. CHARLES
C.
HARRISON
MRS. CHARLES
E.
ALLAN
Tea
HPVHf
PRINCE
de
BULGARIE
ST.
HELENA
Hybrid. Tea
WHITE KILLARNEY
(Description page 97)