Dir ac Magnetic Monopoles

A Complete Bibliogr aphy with Abstr acts

Fr om 1889 to 2000
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DFUB 2000-9
Bologna, May 2000
Magnetic Monopole Bibliography
G. Giacomelli
1
, M. Giorgini
1
, T. Lari
1
, M. Ouchrif
1,2
,
L. Patrizii
1
, V. Popa
1,3
, P. Spada
1
and V. Togo
1
1
Dipartimento di Fisica dellUniversit`a di Bologna and INFN, Sezione di
Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
2
Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed I, B.P. 524 Oujda, Morocco
3
Institute of Space Sciences, Bucharest R-76900, Romania
Abstract
We present a bibliography compilation on magnetic monopoles updated to include
references till the end of year 1999. It is intended to contain nearly all the experimental
papers on the subject and only the theoretical papers which have some specic
experimental implications.
1
1. Introduction
Even though Maxwells equations formally allow the existence of magnetic monopoles
(MMs), interest in this kind of objects arose only in 1931 after the paper of P. A. M. Dirac
[31D1], in which it was shown that magnetic charges can be introduced in the framework of
quantum mechanics and that the product of the basic electric charge and of the basic magnetic
charge is quantized according to the Dirac relation eg =
nhc
2
, where n is an integer. Such a
particle is called magnetic monopole if it carries only a magnetic charge, and dyon if it carries
both magnetic and electric charges (a monopole bound with a nucleus behaves eectively as a
dyon). Dirac could not constrain the monopole mass; rough estimates indicated that the MM
mass should be larger than several GeV.
Many types of searches for magnetic monopoles with masses not much larger than the
proton mass were performed at each new accelerator and in bulk matter. Very many theoretical
studies on MMs have been published.
The other date of fundamental importance in the history of monopoles is 1974. In that
year t Hooft [74H1] and Polyakov [74P1] demonstrated that Grand Unied Theories (GUT) of
the electroweak and strong interactions implied the existence of MMs with masses of the order
of 10
17
GeV/c
2
(m
M
m
X
/ where m
X
is the mass of the carrier of the unied force and
is the unied coupling constant). These masses are too large for monopoles to be produced at
present or future high energy accelerators or somewhere in the present universe. They could
have been produced immediately after the big bang, either as topological defects or in very
high energy collisions such as e
+
e

MM, immediately after the phase transition at the end

of the GUT epoch; thus GUT monopoles could be present in the cosmic radiation, since the
lightest monopole should be stable, due to conservation of magnetic charge. From 1974 to the
present time a very large number of theoretical studies were made on magnetic monopoles;
also many experimental searches were performed.
The present paper gives a bibliography of publications on monopoles. The bibliography is
intended to contain nearly all the experimental papers on the subject and only the theoretical
papers which have specic experimental implications. With some exceptions only papers
published in international refereed journals have been included.
The publications on MMs comprise many dierent subjects.
1) Theoretical works on Dirac MMs (for ex. [31D1], [66S1], [76W1], [77K2], [97I2], ...).
The possible existence of bound states of magnetic monopoles with electrons and/or nuclei
has also been investigated (for ex. [51M1], [77K3], [83B1], [83B2], [84B1], ...).
2) Theoretical works on GUT MMs (for ex. [74H1], [74P1], [84P1], ...).
3) Papers on the catalysis of baryon decay by GUT monopoles, such as [80R1], [82C2].
4) Papers on the cosmological production of MMs (for ex. [76K1], [79P1], [80L2], [80E1],
[81G2], ...) and papers which derived limits on MM uxes from astrophysical considerations
(for ex. [70P1], [82K2], [85A2], [85B2], ...).
5) Theoretical works on supermassive MMs based on other theories, like monopoles from
superstrings ([87L1]), intermediate symmetry breaking monopoles ([83L1], [84L2]), or lighter
monopoles of electroweak nature ([97C1], [97C4]).
6) Studies of the energy losses of monopoles in matter and on the possible techniques to
detect them (for ex. [78A1], [82A4], [83A2], [83D3], [84B2], [85B5], [87F1], [89P1], [91O1],
[97A1], ...).
2
7) Searches at high energy accelerators; the searches are either direct (detection of
monopoles immediately after their production in high-energy collisions) or indirect (for
example when a piece of matter is exposed to a beam for a long time, and then later analyzed).
Examples of direct searches are [75G1], [82K1], [83A7], [83M1], [87G2], [90B3], [00B2], ...
Examples of indirect searches are [61F1], [63A1], [66A1], [74C1], [75E1], [78C1], [83B7], ....
8) Searches for possible eects of virtual monopoles, such as [95D2], [95A2], [97K2], ...
9) Direct searches for MMs in the cosmic radiation. Examples of such searches are those
by MACRO [91B1], [91P1], [94A1], [95A1], [95M2], [97A2], [97A3] and by other experiments
[82B2], [83C1], [86P1], [90B1], [90B2], [90B4], [90G1], [91O1], [92T1].
10) Indirect searches for monopoles in the cosmic radiation; the experiments look for
monopoles trapped in matter or for the eects due to the passage of MMs in the past. Examples
are [63G2], [73R1], [83E1], [84P3], [86P1], [87E1], [89A1], [90G1], [95J1], ...
11) Review papers on various aspects of monopoles and on their experimental search;
examples are [81G3], [82G1], [83P1], [86G2], [94G1], [96B3], ...
Several MM bibliographies have been made in the past, see [73S1], [77C1], [80R1], [82C4],
[84G1], [94G1]. The bibliography in [84G1] is more complete than the present one for the
period before 1984. The bibliography of [80R1] covers essentially all the papers dealing with
classical Dirac monopoles.
A bibliography on the experimental limits and on astrophysical bounds is presented
regularly every two years by the Particle Data Group (see [96P1], [94P2], [92P1]).
The present bibliography covers the period before May 2000 and is an update of DFUB
98-9 [98G6].
Fig. 1a presents an hystogram with the number of papers on MMs and dyons published each
year from 1973 to 1983 [83P1]; Fig. 1b shows the number of papers in the present bibliography
(until December 1999) as a function of the year of publication; Fig. 1c shows an hystogram of
the number of yearly papers in the SLAC database which meet one of the following conditions:
- they have monopole or monopoles in the title;
- they have dyon or dyons or dyonic in the title;
- they have the keyword magnetic monopole assigned.
For the rst and second hystogram the year is that of publication, for the third it is the
year of receipt by the SLAC library; this third hystogram has many more entries, mostly
theoretical papers, conference proceedings and unpublished reports.
The peak rates in the hystograms correspond to the periods immediately after the paper
of t Hooft and Polyakov (1974) and after the 1982 Cabrera candidate event.
Fig. 2 shows a compilation of the 90% C.L. limits on MMs in the cosmic radiation; the
limits apply to an isotropic ux of bare g = g
D
massive magnetic monopoles for a catalysis
cross section smaller than few mb.
In the literature one nds references to many types of MMs. For completeness we recall the
simplest denitions of many of these MMs.
GUT monopoles are the MMs connected with the Grand Unication of the electroweak and strong
interactions and have masses of 10
16
10
17
GeV. They appear in the early universe at the end of
the GUT epoch [74H1], [74P1], [83F2], [84P3], [85K2]; t Hooft-Polyakov monopoles are GUT MMs
[90K1], [92B1], [93D1], [98K1]; SO(3)-Z2 monopoles are particular GUT MMs [98G4].
QCD monopoles are MMs with a colour charge [98S1], [99G1].
3
BPS monopoles are MMs appearing in the Bogomolny and Prasad-Sommereld limit [93B2], [97B4],
[97C3], [97S1], [98B2], [99I2], [99L1].
Kaluza-Klein monopoles are MMs connected with the unication of the GUT interaction with the
gravitational interaction; they have typical masses > 10
19
GeV [83S3], [86S3], [97B3], [98B3].
Non abelian monopoles are MMs which appear in non abelian theories (including GUT, Kaluza-
Klein,..., monopoles) [94M1], [94M2], [99C1], [00L1].
Classical (Dirac) monopoles are abelian MMs hypothesized by Dirac in 1931; they could have
relatively low masses [31D1], [33T1], [51M1], [59B1], [72B2], [78Z1], [90A4], [97H1].
Intermediate mass monopoles are MMs connected with an intermediate symmetry breaking scale;
they could have masses of the order of 10
10
GeV [84L2], [95D2], [00B1], [00B2].
Wu-Yang monopoles are particular solutions in Yang-Mills theories [76W1], [98D2].
Monopoles in String Theories [93S1], [94B2], [99H1].
Constituent monopoles are MMs formed by the superposition of n BPS MMs (for a SU(n) gauge
group) [98K2], [99K1].
Complex monopoles are solutions of Yang-Mills theories when adding a Chern-Simons term [98T1],
[99H2], [99T1].
For further possibilities, see other references, such as [98L2], [99F1], [99T2].
We gratefully acknowledge many members of the MACRO Collaboration, in particular all
the members of the Bologna group. We apologize for possible omissions.
4
2. References on Magnetic Monopoles
[31D1] P. A. M. Dirac (Quantized singularities in the electromagnetic eld) Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond.
133 (1931) 60.
[31T1] J. Tamm (Die verallgemeinerten kugelfunktionen und die wellenfunktionen eines elektrons
un felde eines magnetpoles) Z. Phys. 71 (1931) 141.
[33T1] M. A. Tuve (Search by deection-experiments for the Dirac isolated magnetic pole) Phys.
Rev. 43 (1933) 770.
[35G1] B. O. Gr onblom (

Uber singulare magnetpole) Z. Phys. 98 (1935) 283.

[44E1] F. Ehrenhaft (New experiments about the magnetic current) Phys. Rev. 65 (1944) 62.
[45E1] F. Ehrenhaft (The measurements of single magnetic charges and the electrostatic eld around
the permanent magnet) Phys. Rev. 67 (1948) 201.
[48D1] P. A. M. Dirac (The theory of magnetic poles) Phys. Rev. 74 (1948) 817.
[51M1] W. Malkus (The interaction of the Dirac magnetic monopole with matter) Phys. Rev. 83
(1951) 899.
[58G1] E. Goto ( On the observation of magnetic poles ) J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 13 (1958) 1413.
[59B1] H. Bradner and W. M. Ishell (Search for Dirac monopoles) Phys. Rev. 114 (1959) 603.
[61F1] M. Fidecaro et al. (Search for magnetic monopoles) Nuovo Cim. 22 (1961) 657.
[62C1] N. Cabibbo and E. Ferrari (Quantum electrodynamics with Dirac monopoles) Nuovo Cim.
23 (1962) 1147.
[63A1] E. Amaldi et al. (Search for Dirac magnetic poles) Nuovo Cimento 28 (1963) 773.
[63G1] E. Goto (Expected behaviour of the Dirac monopole in the cosmic space) Prog. Theor.
Phys. 30 (1963) 700.
[63G2] E. Goto et al. (Search for ferromagnetically trapped magnetic monopoles of cosmic-ray
origin) Phys. Rev. 132 (1963) 387.
[63P1] E. M. Purcell et al. (Search for the Dirac monopole with 30-BeV protons) Phys. Rev. 129
(1963) 2326.
[65C1] R. A. Carrigan (Consequences of the existence of massive magnetic poles) Nuovo Cimento
38 (1965) 638.
[65T1] D. R. Tompkins (Total energy loss and

Cerenkov emission from monopoles) Phys. Rev. 138
(1965) 248.
[65W1] S. Weinberg (Photons and gravitons in perturbative theory: derivation of Maxwells and
Einsteins equations) Phys. Rev. 138 (1965) 988.
[66A1] R. K. Adair et al. (Search for heavy magnetic monopoles) Phys. Rev. 149 (1966) 1070.
[66S1] J. Schwinger (Magnetic charge and quantum eld theory) Phys. Rev. 144 (1966) 1087.
[68S1] J. Schwinger (Sources and magnetic charge) Phys. Rev. 173 (1968) 1536.
[70C1] A. Crispin and G. N. Fowler (Density eect in the ionization energy loss of fast charged
particles in matter) Rev. Mod. Phys. 42 (1970) 290.
5
[70P1] E. N. Parker (The origin of magnetic elds) Astrophys. J. 160 (1970) 383.
[70S1] D. Sivers (Possible binding of a magnetic monopole to a particle with electric charge and a
magnetic dipole moment) Phys. Rev. D2 (1970) 2048.
[71C1] R. A. Carrigan et al. (Upper limit for magnetic monopole production by neutrinos) Phys.
Rev. D3 (1971) 56.
[71E1] P. H. Ebherard (Search for magnetic monopoles in lunar material) Phys. Rev. D4 (1971)
3260.
[71K1] H. H. Kolm et al. (Search for magnetic monopoles) Phys. Rev. D4 (1971) 1285.
[71P1] E. N. Parker (The generation of magnetic elds in astrophysical bodies. The galactic eld)
Astrophys. J. 163 (1971) 255.
[72B1] D. F. Bartlett and M. D. Lahana (Search for tachion monopoles) Phys. Rev. D6 (1972)
1817.
[72B2] L. M. Barkov et al. (Search for Dirac monopoles in the 70-BeV proton syncrotron) Sov.
Phys. JETP 34 (1972) 917.
[72M1] V. P. Martemyanov and S. K. Khakimov (Slowing down of a Dirac monopole in metals and
ferromagnetic substances) Sov. Phys. JETP 35 (1972) 20.
[73C1] R. A. Carrigan et al. (Search for magnetic monopole production by 300-GeV protons) Phys.
Rev. D8 (1973) 3717.
[73R1] R. R. Ross et al. (Search for magnetic monopoles in lunar material using an electromagnetic
detector) Phys. Rev. D8 (1973) 698.
[73S1] D. M. Stevens (Magnetic monopoles: an updated bibliography) UPI-EPP-735 (1973).
[74C1] R. A. Carrigan et al. (Extension of Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory magnetic
monopole search to 400-GeV) Phys. Rev. D10 (1974) 3867.
[74H1] G. t Hooft (Magnetic monopoles in unied gauge theories) Nucl. Phys. B29 (1974) 276.
[74H2] R. Howard (Studies of solar magnetic elds) Solar Phys. 38 (1974) 283.
[74P1] A. M. Polyakov (Particle spectrum in quantum eld theory) JETP Lett. 20 (1974) 194.
[75B1] A. P. Balachandran et al. (Monopole theories with massless and massive gauge elds) Phys.
Rev. D11 (1975) 2260.
[75C1] R. A. Carrigan Jr. and F. A. Nezrick (Search for neutrino-produced magnetic monopoles in
a bubble chamber exposure) Nucl. Phys. B91 (1975) 279.
[75E1] P. H. Ebherard et al. (Evidence at the 1/10
18
probability level against the production of
magnetic monopoles in protons interactions at 300 GeV/c) Phys. ReV. D11 (1975) 3099.
[75F1] M. W. Friedlander (Comments on the reported observation of a monopole) Phys. Rev. Lett.
35 (1975) 1167.
[75F2] R. L. Fleischer et al. (Probabilities for an alternative explanation of the moving magnetic
monopole) Phys. Rev. Lett. 35 (1975) 1412.
[75G1] G. Giacomelli et al. (Search for magnetic monopoles at the CERN-ISR with plastic detectors)
Nuovo Cim. 28A (1975) 21.
[75H1] E. V. Hungerford (Comment on the observation of a moving magnetic monopole) Phys. Rev.
Lett. 35 (1975) 1303.
[75J1] B. Julia and A. Zee (Poles with both magnetic and electric charges in non-abelian gauge
theories) Phys. Rev. D11 (1975) 2227.
[75M1] R. Mignani and E. Recami (Connection between magnetic monopoles and faster-than-light
speeds: answer to the comments by Corben and Honig) Lett. Nuovo Cimento 13 (1975) 589.
6
[75P1] P. B. Price et al. (Evidence for detection of a moving magnetic monopole) Phys. Rev. Lett.
35 (1975) 487.
[76A1] S. P. Ahlen (Monopole track characteristics in plastic detectors) Phys. Rev. D14 (1976)
2935.
[76C1] R. A. Carrigan et al. (Search for misplaced magnetic monopoles) Phys. Rev. D13 (1976)
1823.
[76C2] J. M. Cornwall et al. (Relation between monopole mass and primary monopole ux) Phys.
Rev. Lett. 36 (1976) 900.
[76G1] A. S. Goldhaber (Spin and statistics connection for charge - monopole composites) Phys.
Rev. Lett. 36 (1976) 1122.
[76K1] T. W. B. Kibble (Topology of cosmic domains and strings) J. Phys. A9 (1976) 1387.
[76W1] T. T. Wu and C. N. Yang (Dirac monopole without strings: monopole harmonics) Nucl.
Phys. B107 (1976) 365.
[77B1] R. A. Brandt et al. (Dirac monopole theory with and without strings) Phys. Rev. D15
(1977) 1175.
[77C1] R. A. Carrigan (Magnetic monopole bibliography: 1973-1976) Fermilab 77/42 (1977) 130.
[77F1] P. M. Fishbane et al. (Diractive inelastic monopole transitions and the slope - mass relation
in N production) Phys. Rev. D15 (1977) 782.
[77K1] A. Kupiainen et al. (On the uniqueness of monopole solution) Phys. Lett. B67 (1977) 80.
[77K2] Y. Kazama et al. (Scattering of a Dirac particle with charge Ze by a xed magnetic
monopole) Phys. Rev. D15 (1977) 2287.
[77K3] Y. Kazama et al. (Existence of bound states for a charged spin-
1
2
particle with an extra
magnetic moment in the eld of a xed magnetic monopole) Phys. Rev. D15 (1977) 2300.
[77W1] T. T. Wu (Some properties of monopole harmonics) Phys. Rev. D16 (1977) 1018.
[78A1] S. P. Ahlen (Stopping power formula for magnetic monopoles) Phys. Rev. D17 (1978) 229.
[78C1] R. A. Carrigan et al. (Search for magnetic monopoles at the CERN Intersecting Storage
Rings) Phys. Rev. D17 (1978) 1754.
[78C2] P. H. Cox et al. (Bound states with a gauge monopole) Phys. Rev. D18 (1978) 1211.
[78D1] P. A. M. Dirac (The monopole concept) Int. Jour. of Theor. Phys. 17 (1978) 235.
[78G1] G. Giacomelli (Searches for missing particles) invited paper at The 1978 Singapore Meeting
on Frontiers of Physics, Proceedings of the Conference (1978).
[78P1] P. B. Price et al. (Further measurements and reassessment of the magnetic-monopole
candidate) Phys. Rev. D18 (1978) 1382.
[78Z1] V. P. Zrelov (On possible improvement of photographic detector to search for Dirac monopole
by Vavilov-

Cerenkov radiation) Nucl. Instr. Meth. 153 (1978) 145.

[78Z2] Y. B. Zeldovich et al. (On the concentration of relic magnetic monopoles in the Universe)
Phys. Lett. 79B (1978) 239.
[79B1] J. J. Broderick et al. (Observational limits on the magnetic monopole structure of protons)
Phys. Rev. D19 (1979) 1046.
[79F1] I. M. Frank (Transition radiation of the magnetic charge) Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 29 (1979) 90.
[79K1] R. Kerner (Energy levels of the magnetic monopole in the Prasad-Sommereld limit) Phys.
Rev. D19 (1979) 1243.
[79N1] W. Nahm (Interacting monopoles) Phys. Lett. B85 (1979) 373.
[79O1] L. ORaifeartaigh et al. (On magnetic monopole interactions) Phys. Rev. D20 (1979) 1941.
7
[79P1] J. P. Preskill (Cosmological production of superheavy magnetic monopoles) Phys. Rev. Lett.
43 (1979) 1365.
[79R1] H. M. Ruck et al. (Comment on the motion of a spin
1
2
particle in the eld of a magnetic
monopole) Phys. Rev. D20 (1979) 2089.
[79W1] E. Witten (Dyons of charge e / 2 ) Phys. Lett. B86 (1979) 283.
[80A1] S. P. Ahlen (Theoretical and experimental aspects of the energy loss of relativistic heavily
ionizing particles) Rev. Mod. Phys. 52 (1980) 121.
[80B1] F. A. Bais et al. (On the suppression of monopole production in the very early universe)
Nucl. Phys. B170 (1980) 507.
[80C1] Y. M. Cho (Colored monopoles) Phys. Rev. Lett. 44 (1980) 1115, erratum-ibid 44 (1980)
1566.
[80C2] R. A. Carrigan jr. (Grand unication magnetic monopoles inside the Earth) Nature (London)
288 (1980) 348.
[80D1] C. P. Dokos et al. (Monopoles and dyons in the SU(5) model) Phys. Rev. D21 (1980) 2940.
[80E1] M. B. Einhorn et al. (Are Grand Unication Theories compatible with standard cosmology?)
Phys. Rev. D21 (1980) 3295.
[80F1] D. Fryberger (On the magnetically bound monopole pair, a possible structure for fermions)
Nuovo Cim. Lett. 28 (1980) 313.
[80K1] T. W. B. Kibble (Some implication of a cosmological phase transition) Phys. Rept. 67
(1980) 183.
[80L1] G. Lazarides and Q. Sha (The fate of primordial magnetic monopoles) Phys. Lett. B94
(1980) 149.
[80L2] P. Langacker and S. Y. Pi (Magnetic monopoles in Grand Unied Theories) Phys. Rev. Lett.
45 (1980) 1.
[80R1] J. Ruzicka and V. P. Zrelov (Fifty years of Dirac monopole: complete bibliography) JINR-
1-2-80-850 (1980).
[80S1] D. M. Scott (The masses of monopoles in Grand Unied Theories) Nucl. Phys. B171 (1980)
109.
[81B1] J. Burzla (On the SU(3) monopole with magnetic quantum numbers (0,2)) Phys. Rev. D23
(1981) 1329.
[81B2] R. A. Brandt et al. (Magnetic monopoles in SU(N) gauge theories) Nucl. Phys. B186 (1981)
84.
[81B3] J. D. Bowman et al. (Pion charge exchange reaction as a probe of isovector monopole
resonances) Phys. Rev. Lett. 46 (1981) 1614.
[81B4] D. F. Bartlett et al. (Search for cosmic-ray-related magnetic monopoles at ground level)
Phys. Rev. D24 (1981) 612.
[81C1] G. Calucci (Capture of nucleons by a monopole) Lett. Nuovo Cim. 32 (1981) 201.
[81C2] G. Calucci (Eikonal formulation for the scattering by a monopole and by a dyon) Nuovo
Cim. Lett. 32 (1981) 205.
[81C3] G. P. Cook et al. (Supercooling in the SU(5) phase transitions and magnetic monopole
suppression) Phys. Rev. D23 (1981) 1321.
[81C4] H. Chan et al. (Monopole charges in unied gauge theories) Nucl. Phys. B189 (1981) 364.
[81D1] A. K. Drukier (The creation of magnetic monopoles in outer gaps of pulsars) Astrophys.
Space Sci. 74 (1981) 245.
[81E1] M. B. Einhorn et al. (Monopole production in the very early universe in a rst order phase
transition) Nucl. Phys. B180 (1981) 385.
8
[81G1] P. Goddard et al. (The magnetic charges of stable selfdual monopoles) Nucl. Phys. B191
(1981) 528.
[81G2] A. H. Guth (Inationary universe: A possible solution to the horizon and atness problems)
Phys. Rev. D23 (1981) 347.
[81G3] G. Giacomelli (Review of the experimental status (past and future) of monopole searches)
in Proceedings of the Conference on Monopoles in Quantum Field Theory, Trieste (1981).
Revised for the 1982 Zuoz Spring School of Physics.
[81G4] G. Giacomelli and G. Kantarjian (Magnetic monopole searches at Isabelle) in Proceedings
of the 1981 Isabelle Summer Workshop (1981).
[81K1] J. E. Kim (Flavor unity in SU(7): low mass magnetic monopole, doubly charged lepton and
Q=
5
3
,
4
3
quarks) Phys. Rev. D23 (1981) 2706.
[81K2] T. W. Kirkman et al. (Asymptotic analysis of the monopole structure) Phys. Rev. D24
(1981) 999.
[81K3] K. Kinoshita and P. B. Price (Study of highly ionizing particles at mountain altitude) Phys.
Rev. D24 (1981) 1707.
[81K4] R. Kerner (Magnetic monopole in the massless limit) Phys. Rev. D24 (1981) 2336.
[81L1] G. Lazarides et al. (Superheavy magnetic monopole hunt) Phys. Lett. B100 (1981) 21.
[81R1] G. A. Ringwood et al. (Monopoles admit spin) Phys. Rev. Lett. 47 (1981) 625.
[81R2] V. A. Rubakov (Superheavy magnetic monopoles and proton decay) JETP Lett. 33 (1981)
644.
[81S1] D. R. Stump (Monopole ionization and the transition from weak to strong coupling in gauge
theories) Phys. Rev. D23 (1981) 972.
[81S2] P. J. Steinhardt (Monopole dissociation in the early universe) Phys. Rev. D24 (1981) 842.
[81U1] J. D. Ullman (Limits on the ux of slowly moving very massive particles carrying electric or
magnetic charge) Phys. Rev. Lett. 47 (1981) 289.
[82A1] E. N. Alekseyev et al. (Search for superheavy magnetic monopoles at the Baksan
underground telescope) Lett. Nuovo Cim. 35 (1982) 413.
[82A2] I. K. Aeck et al. (Monopole pair production in a magnetic eld) Nucl. Phys. B194 (1982)
38.
[82A3] C. W. Akerlof (Limits on the thermoacoustic detectability of electric and magnetic charges)
Phys. Rev. D26 (1982) 1116.
[82A4] S. P. Ahlen et al. (Calculation of the stopping power of very low velocity magnetic monopoles)
Phys. Rev. D26 (1982) 2347.
[82B1] M. Blagojevic et al. (The infrared problem and radiation eects in monopole processes)
Nucl. Phys. B198 (1982) 427.
[82B2] R. Bonarelli et al. (An experimental search for cosmic monopoles) Phys. Lett. B112 (1982)
100.
[82C1] B. Cabrera (First results from a superconductive detector for moving magnetic monopoles)
Phys. Rev. Lett. 48 (1982) 1378.
[82C2] C. G. Callan (Disappearing dyons) Phys. Rev. D25 (1982) 2141.
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2955, hep-ph/9803438.
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24
[98G4] M. Grady (Gauge invariant SO(3) - Z2 monopoles as possible source of connement in SU(2)
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[98G5] I. F. Ginzburg, A. Schiller (Search for a heavy magnetic monopole at the Fermilab Tevatron
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[98J1] O. Jahn, F. Lenz (Structure and dynamics of monopoles in axial gauge QCD) Phys. Rev.
D58:085006 (1998), hep-th/9803177.
[98K1] B. Kleihaus, J. Kunz, D. H. Tchrakian (Interaction energy of t Hooft-Polyakov monopoles)
Mod. Phys. Lett. A13 (1998) 2523, hep-th/9804192
[98K2] T. C. Kraan, P. van Baal (Monopole constituents inside SU(n) calorons) hep-th/9806034.
[98L1] K. Y. Lee, C. Lu (SU(2) calorons and magnetic monopoles) Phys. Rev. D58:025011 (1998),
hep-th/9802108.
[98L2] K. Lee (Instantons and magnetic monopoles on R
3
S
1
with arbitrary simple gauge groups)
Phys. Lett. B426 (1998) 323, hep-th/9802012.
[98S1] S. Sasaki, O. Miyamura (Lattice study of U(A)(1) anomaly: the role of QCD monopoles)
Phys. Lett. B443 (1998) 331, hep-lat/9810039.
[98T1] B. Tekin, K. Saririan, Y. Hosotani (Complex monopoles in YM + Chern-Simons theory in
3 dimensions) Talk given at the 10th International Seminar on High-Energy Physics (Quarks
98), Suzdal, Russia (1998), hep-th/9808057.
[99A1] M. Ambrosio et al., MACRO Coll. (Search for supermassive magnetic monopoles with the
MACRO detector at the Gran Sasso laboratory) Nucl. Phys. Proc. Suppl. 70 (1999) 466.
[99A2] M. Ambrosio et al., MACRO Coll. (Search for magnetic monopoles with MACRO) Salt Lake
City 1999, Int. Cosmic Ray Conf., vol. 2 332-335, hep-ex/9905023.
[99A3] M. Ambrosio et al., MACRO Coll. (Search for magnetic monopoles and nuclearites with the
MACRO nuclear track detector) Radiat. Meas. 31 (1999) 605.
[99A4] M. Ambrosio et al., MACRO Coll. (Search for magnetic monopoles with nuclear track
detectors) Talk given at 6th Topical Seminar on Neutrino and AstroParticle Physics, San
Miniato, Italy (1999), hep-ex/9909012.
[99B1] P. van Baal (Instantons versus monopoles) hep-th/9912035.
[99B2] V. A. Balkanov (Search for relativistic monopoles with the Baikal neutrino telescope) Salt
Lake City 1999, Int. Cosmic Ray Conf., vol. 2 340-343.
[99C1] B. Chen, H. Itoyama, H. Kihara (Nonabelian monopoles from matrices: seeds of the space-
time structure) hep-th/9909075.
[99C2] M. N. Chernodub, M. I. Polikarpov, A. I. Veselov, M. A. Zubkov (Aharonov-Bohm eect,
center monopoles and center vortices in SU(2) lattice gluodynamics) Nucl. Phys. Proc. Suppl.
73 (1999) 575, hep-lat/9809158.
[99D1] N. M. Davies, T. J. Hollowood, V. V. Khoze, M. P. Mattis (Gluino condensate and magnetic
monopoles in supersymmetric gluodynamics) Nucl. Phys. B559 (1999) 123, hep-th/9905015.
[99D2] J. Derkaoui , G. Giacomelli, T. Lari, G. Mandrioli, M. Ouchrif, L. Patrizii, V. Popa (Energy
losses of magnetic monopoles and dyons in scintillators, streamer tubes and nuclear track
detectors) Astropart. Phys. 10 (1999) 339.
[99F1] P. M. N. Feehan (Generic metrics, irreducible rank one PU(2) monopoles, and transversality)
submitted to Commun. Anal. Geom., math.dg/9809001.
25
[99F2] K. Freese, E. Krasteva (A bound on the ux of magnetic monopoles from catalysis of nucleon
decay in white dwarfs) Phys. Rev. D59:063007 (1999), astro-ph/9804148.
[99G1] G. Gabadadze, Z. Kakushadze (A remark on Witten eect for QCD monopoles in matrix
quantum mechanics) Mod. Phys. Lett. A14 (1999) 2151, hep-th/9908039.
[99G2] L. Gamberg, G. R. Kalbeisch, K. A. Milton (Direct and indirect searches for low mass
magnetic monopoles) hep-ph/9906526.
[99G3] J. P. Gauntlett, C. Koehl, D. Mateos, P. K. Townsend, M. Zamaklar (Finite energy Dirac-
Born-Infeld monopoles and string junctions) Phys. Rev. D60:045004 (1999), hep-th/9903156.
[99G4] A. S. Goldhaber (Dual connement of grand unied monopoles?) Phys. Rep. 315 (1999)
83, hep-th/9905208.
[99G5] N. Grandi, E. F. Moreno, F. A. Schaposnik (Monopoles in nonabelian Dirac-Born-Infeld
theory) Phys. Rev. D59:125014 (1999), hep-th/9901073
[99H1] A. Hanany (Monopoles in string theory) JHEP 9912:014 (1999), hep-th/9911113.
[99H2] Y. Hosotani, K. Saririan, B. Tekin (Complex monopoles and gribov copies) Talk given at
3rd Workshop on Continuous Advances in QCD (QCD 98), Minneapolis, MN (1998), hep-
th/9808105.
[99I1] H. Ichie, H. Suganuma (Monopoles and gluon elds in QCD in the maximally abelian gauge),
hep-lat/9808054.
[99I2] T. Ioannidou, P. M. Sutclie (Nonbogomolny SU(N) BPS monopoles) Phys. Rev. D60:105009
(1999), hep-th/9905169.
[99K1] T. C. Kraan, P. van Baal (Constituent monopoles without gauge xing) Nucl. Phys. Proc.
Suppl. 73 (1999) 554, hep-lat/9808015.
[99L1] K. Lee (Sheets of BPS monopoles and instantons with arbitrary simple gauge group) Phys.
Lett. B445 (1999) 387, hep-th/9810110.
[99L2] K. Lee (Massless monopoles and multipronged strings) Phys. Lett. B458 (1999) 53, hep-
th/9903095.
[99L3] A. Lue, E. J. Weinberg (Magnetic monopoles near the black hole threshold) Phys. Rev.
D60:084025 (1999), hep-th/9905223.
[99L4] M. J. Lewis, K. Freese, G. Tarl`e (Protogalactic extension of the Parker bound) astro-
ph/9911095.
[99N1] P. Niessen et al., AMANDA Coll. (Search for relativistic monopoles with the AMANDA
detector) Salt Lake City 1999, Int. Cosmic Ray Conf., vol. 2 344-347.
[99P1] L. Pogosian, T. Vachaspati (Interaction of magnetic monopoles and domain walls) hep-
ph/9909543.
[99Q1] M. Quandt, H. Reinhardt, A. Schafke (Magnetic monopoles and topology of Yang-Mills
theory in Polyakov gauge) Phys. Lett. B446 (1999) 290, hep-th/9810088.
[99R1] H. Reinhardt, M. Engelhardt, K. Langfeld, M. Quandt, A. Schafke (Magnetic monopoles,
center vortices, connement and topology of gauge elds) hep-th/9911145.
[99S1] D. Sassi Thober (The monopoles in the structure of the electron) hep-ph/9906377.
[99T1] B. Tekin, K. Saririan, Y. Hosotani (Complex monopoles in the Georgi-Glashow-Chern-Simons
model) Nucl. Phys. B539 (1999) 720, hep-th/9808045.
[99T2] A. Teleman (Moduli spaces of PU(2) monopoles) submitted to Asian J.Math,
math.dg/9906163.
[99T3] P. K. Tripathy (Gravitating monopoles and black holes in Einstein-Born-Infeld-Higgs model)
Phys. Lett. B458 (1999) 252, hep-th/9904186.
[99W1] E. J. Weinberg (Massive and massless monopoles and duality) hep-th/9908095.
[00B1] D. Bakari et al., (Magnetic monopoles, nuclearites, Q-balls: a qualitative picture) hep-
ex/0004019.
26
[00B2] D. Bakari et al., SLIM Coll. (Search for light magnetic monopoles) hep-ex/0003028.
[00B3] V. A. Balkanov et al., (Search for fast magnetic monopoles in a deep-sea experiment at Lake
Baikal) Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 63 (1999) 485, Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Fiz. 63 (1999)
598.
[00D1] N. M. Davies, V. V. Khoze (On Aeck-Dine-Seiberg superpotential and magnetic monopoles
in supersymmetric QCD) JHEP 0001:015 (2000), hep-th/9911112.
[00D2] Zh. Dzhilkibaev (Search for fast monopoles in the Baikal experiment) Zeuthen 1998,
Simulation and analysis methods for large neutrino telescopes (1998) 364.
[00G1] L. Gamberg, K. A. Milton (Eikonal scattering of monopoles and dyons in dual QED) hep-
ph/0005016.
[00H1] Y. Hosotani, J. Bjoraker (Monopoles and dyons in the pure Einstein-Yang-Mills theory)
gr-qc/0001105.
[00J1] O. Jahn (Instantons and monopoles in general abelian gauges) J. Phys. A33 (2000) 2997,
hep-th/9909004.
[00J2] R. Jeannerot, S. Khalil, G. Lazarides, Q. Sha (Ination and monopoles in supersymmetric
SU(4)C X SU(2)(L) X SU(2)(R)) hep-ph/0002151.
[00K1] G. R. Kalbeisch et al., (Improved experimental limits on the production of magnetic
monopoles) hep-ex/0005005.
[00K2] B. Kol, M. Kroyter, (On the spatial structure of monopoles) hep-th/0002118.
[00L1] N. F. Lepora, (On the spectrum and representation theory of nonabelian monopoles) hep-
th/0002163.
[00L2] S. L. Liebling (Static gravitational global monopoles) Phys. Rev. D61:024030 (2000), gr-
qc/9906014.
[00M1] D. Maison (Gravitational global monopoles with horizons) gr-qc/9912100.
[00W1] S. D. Wick, T. W. Kephart, T. J. Weiler, P. L. Biermann (Signatures for a cosmic ux of
magnetic monopoles) submitted to Astropart. Phys., astro-ph/0001233.
Other MM bibliographies can be found in: [73S1], [77C1], [80R1], [82C4], [84G1], [94G1],
[98G6].
27
Figure 1: (a) The upper hystogram shows the yearly number of papers on MMs published from 1973
till 1983 [83P1]. (b) The middle hystogram shows the number of papers of the present bibliography
as a function of the year of publication. (c) The lower hystogram shows the yearly number of papers
found in the SLAC database with the search command nd title monopole# or title dyon# or keyword
magnetic monopole as a function of the year of entry in the database.
28
10
-16
10
-15
10
-14
10
-13
10
-5
10
-4
10
-3
10
-2
10
-1
1
Figure 2: 90% C.L. upper limits on an isotropic ux of g = g
D
, massive magnetic monopoles in the
cosmic radiation, assuming a catalysis cross section smaller than a few mb [97A4], [97G2]. The limits
are now regularly updated.
29
P. A. M. DIRAC In: FIZIKA MIKROMIRA, Malenkaya Enciklopedia,
Izd. Sovietskaya Enciklopedia lIn Russian/, Moscow,1980,p.243.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
The laws of Nature find great similarity between electric and
magnetic fields. The field equations established by Maxwell are
the' same for both fields. But there is still a big difference. Par-
ticles with positive and negative electric charges are constantly
observed in Nature. They form in the surrounding space a Coulomb
magnetic field.As for positive and negative magnetic charges -
are never,ob,served separately. A magnet always has on its two ends
two equal poles - positive and negative - and the magnetic field
around it is the resultant field of both poles.
The classical electrodynamics allow the existence of
particles with one magnetic pole - magnetic monopoles, and give
some field equations and equations of motion for them. These laws
bear absolutely no prohibitions for the existence of magnetic mo-
nopoles. In quantum mechanics the situation is somewhat different.
The consistent equations of motion for a charged particle moving
in the magnetic monopole field and for a magnetic monopole moving
in the particle field can be constructed only under the condition
that electric charge "ett of the particle and magnetic charge "t-tf
of the magnetic monopole have the following ratio
where

is the Plank constant, c - is the veloci ty of light,
and n- - is a positive or negative integer. This condition is a
consequence of the fact that in quantum mechanics particles are
presented as waves and there appear interference effects in the
motion of particles of one type under the influence of particles of
a different type. If magnetic monopoles with ";Utf charge do exist,
the formula ( '1-' ) demands that all charged particles in its vicini
ty have charge "e" equal to the integer multiple of
Thus electric charges should be quantized. But just
2.
quantity
this mUltipt-
city of all observed charges to electron charge is one of the funda
mental laws of Nature. In case there exists a magnetic monopole,
this law will get a natural explanat-ion. No other explanation of
electric charge quantization is known.
Assuming. "e" for the electron charge the value of which is
defined through the relation =1/137, one can obtain from
formula ( * .. ) the least magnetic charge
"ru" of
the monopole which
is defined in its turn through equality
fK/lc-137/4.
Thus,

is much larger than "e". It follows that the track of fast moving
magnetic monopole in the Wilson chamber or in the bubble chamber
should be easily distinguishable among other particle tracks. Such
tracks have been carefully searched for but until now magnetic mo-
nopoles have not been found.
Magnetic monopole - is a stable particle and can not disappear
until it meets another monopole with an equal charge of the oppo-
site magnetic polarity. In case magnetic monopoles are generated
by high energy cosmiy rays, reaching continuously the Earth, they
should be often come across on the earth surface. They have been
looked for, but also in vain. Thus the question whether this is
due to rare' production of magnetic monopoles or to non-existence of
these monopoles still remains unanswered.
3.
AUTHOR'S COMMENTS TO COMPLETE BIBLIOGRt,PHY
For more than ten years the authors used the exellent opportu-
nities of collecting information on papers concerning the problem
of magnetic monopole. These data have been used as a foundation
for present It contains more than 1700 references
followed in majority of cases by the abstracts of original
articles.
Half a passed sinoe Dirac predicted the possibility of
existence of free magnetic charges in Nature. The history of phYSics
it seems, does not know another precedent when such a great amount '
of human efforts have been given to the confirmation of serious and
concrete theoretical predictions and the problem remains unsolved.
The present Bibliography is an evidence of this gigantic work cpr-
ried out by the physicists of the world.
/ Not so long ago it was possible to cover the whole problem of
magnetic monopoles in the collected basic But with the
number of papers published to the present moment it is Glready im-
possible to cover thoroughly all theoretical and experimental papers
As we think, Bibliography with abstracts of original papers is the
only possible and completely justified way of presenting to the phy-
sical auditorium the whole volume of works carried out on the subjec
to the present moment. 'It enables to avoide the distortions in
presenting the situation in solving this beautiful fundamental prob-
lem of modern physics.
Bibliography allows to follow the history of magnetic mono-
pole problem. In a short history review further below we try to
attract attention to some interesting and sometimes little-known
the
facts. AS a consequence ofYVirac monopole theory the Maxwell
equations obtains symmetrical torm :
4.
I ')l
i -c 'It' + roJ.'B=c Ie J
..
I?a ...
. ----rol.-- l_ . .J
) C dt c.. --,
/1/
...
where f", and are the densities or magnetic charges and magnetic
currents. The known, empiricE'11y established symmetry or electric
and magnetic phenomena, makes this sequence of Dirac's theory
most attractive. Not many known, perhaps, that Heaviside back in
1892 reduced' the system or Maxwell equations to c bit dirrerent
but also completely symmetrical and dynamical complete rorm :

curt ("H-l> = If'irll+cl .J

.. ...
CJ).,re (e - fJ -. vrr9 H+r H ,
/2/
....
where H
t
E /according to Heaviside / denote the intensities or
magnetic and electric rie1ds ;

e is the amount energy taken in
by electromagnetic field per second per unit volume per electric

current, End h is similarly related to magnetic current; k is
the coerricient or electric conductivity, g is the coerficient of
>
magnetic is the magnetic permeability
the dielectric permeability
,c is
And,evidently, only fictitiousness or concepts used by him
/magnetic charges and currents/ was the reason for the ract that
these mathematically rerined equations have not gained genernl
recognition. It is also interesting that two completely difrerent
approaches /Dirac's and Heaviside's/ bring to tb:e same result-
symmetrization or electrodynamics system or basic equations.
We think Heaviside should be regarded an author or the rirst
published theoretical paper directly related; to the m gnetic
charge prob1em*/. This paper opens the present Bibliography.
,', ":."
*/ The papers by Carrigan/357/,/552/cite the Epistola Petri Pere-
grini de Maricourt de magnete /1269/, which he thinks to be
,5.
The little known presently **/ paper by Pierre Curie should be
regarded evidently as the first experimental attempt to solve the
.
problem of free magnetism existence. The parallelism of electric
and magnetic phenomena, according to Curie, gives ground for the
following question - whether this analog is more He
writes in his paper II Is it 're ',.lly absurd to suggest that there
exist also the magnetism conductors, conductors of magnetic currents
of free magnetism ? n And after giving a detailed analysis of the
problem whether such phenomena contradict the principles of ener-
getics / l'Energetique/ or symmetry conditions, he comes to conclu-
the
sion that' " from7viewpoint of energetics and fromthe viewpoints
of symmetry one may think seriously about magnetic currents and
magnetic ch:irges IJ. P. Curie concludes this paper with the words
" It would have been too daring, of course, to conclude from this
that these phenomena really exists. But,if it is so, they should
answer the abo,,:e-mentioned requirements tI.
Simultaneously, P. Curie attempts to find experimentally the
magnetic conductivity basing on the "dynamic effect" suggested by
him. The concept of the experiment has been as follows: " in
case magnetic conductivity really exists, the transformer analogous
to the AC-transformer but possesing a magnetic conductivity ring
yoke, will transform one direct current into another direct current",
*/ probably the earliest recorded observation along these lines
"Procul dubio omnes lineae /magneticae/ hujusmondi in duo puncta
concurrent sicus omnes orbes meridiani in duo concurrunt pol os
mundi oppositos " /All such lines /magnetic/, undoubtedly, gather
in two points as well as all meridians meet in the two opposite
poles of the world. /
The paper by P. Curie has been pointed to us by I.M.Frank.
6.
He checked whether this phenomena was observed with a soft-iron
yoke, but obtained no effect.
Among the papers related to the magnetic charge problem and
preceeding the fundamentel investigations by Dirac, one should pay
special attention to Ehrenhaft publications. ,\rle have managed to
fined more than 60 of his publications. The majority of them are
experimental By the number of _ publications the Ehrenhaft' s
investigations is comparable with the total number of experimental
- searches for-magnetic monopole carried out in the world until pre-
sent. For more than 20 years-Ehrenhaft has been sure that he regis-
ter magnetic charges in his experiments. It is difficult to tell now
what was his mistake. The fact is - all these works a.re practically
forgotten.
Dirac/?/ in 1931 when trying to explain why the observed elec-
tric charge is always multiple to the electron charge "e" and Why
the value of charge "e" is just the one we known from the experi-
ment made a sudden discovery. He solved the problem completely,
ming that in Nature there exist isolated magnetic charges. This
situation resembles n. bit the Heaviside's case. 'frying to reduce
the Maxwell equations to symmetrical form, He viside had to make
analogous supposition. In 1948 Dirac developed the general theory
of charged particles and poles interacting through electromagnetic
field/
68
/. It -should be noted still that in contrC'st to Heaviside,
who regarded magnetic charge as a fiction , Dirac introduced this
charge as a really existing one and thus layed the foundation of
the magnetic charge theory.
The first experimental estimation of the upper limit of Dirac
monopole production in atmosphere by primary cosmic rays has been
undertaken by Malkus in lY52/
l00
/. 'rhe results of this experiment
have demonstrated that the number of monopoles reaching the surface
is less than 10-
10

The Dirac monopoles have been first searched for with acceleratol
by Bradner -nd lsbell/ll?/ in t the 6 GeV proton Bevatron
of Massachussetts Institute of Technology. In the pp collisions
at these energies there could appear monopole of maSses between
1r - meson and proton masses. This experiment enabled to define the
cross section upper cm
2
of producing of monopole pairs
of masses approximatelly equal to proton mass.
Since that time there have been carried out more than expe-
rimental searches for magnetic charges. Figure I gives a fairly
good idea about all experimental searches for Dirac monopole.
The majority of experiments have been based on the predicted
by Dirac value of the magnetic charge g = 68.5 e It is not,
generally, difficult to detect particles of such charges at the
contemporary level of physical experiment technique. In the per-
formed experiments the monopoles has been detected through such
effects as: char::,.cteristic ionization; abnormally large intensity
of Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation; c:nnihile.tion of
pairs and excitation of emf in the closed circuit r:t the moment
a magnetic charge passes through it.
There have been measured also the velues of magnetic charge,
from which there have been established the upper limits of magnetic
charges of an electron, proton, r -meson, and other elementary
particles.
All sorts of methods have been used in searching for Dirac
monopoles. Many of them used 3 combinrtion of strong pulse magnetic
fields - sort of
magnetic charges with their subsequent over one of the
above-mentioned methods. The majority of the 'methods suggests, as
a rule, a substenti:,l time gep between the moments of monopole pro-
I
duction and registration,which is infavourable'since it is necessary
COSMIC RAYS
SEARCHES FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
1
ACCELERATORS ESTIMATION OF MAGNETIC
CHARGE VALUE FOR
FERENT PARTICLES
/ ------
3earches in the searches for mo-
primary component nopoles produced
of cosmic radiation in the interactions
I
of cosmic radiation
with matter
a) upper layers of
the Earth atmos-
phere (baloon .
search)/776/
b) Alpine search
(Tien Shan)
/338/
c) searches at the
sea level
/310/,/1296/,
/241/
i) deepwater searches
/312/,/313/
a) meteorites:
/156/ ,/955/
b)
moon matter
speciments
/342/ ,/436/ , '
/579/
\
\
c) Earth atmosphere
/100/, /1133/,
/205/,/439/,/633/,
/700/
d) samples from the
Earth surface(old
rocks,snow from the
poles,etc.)
/1521/,/211/,/272/,
/698/ ,/700/.
e) samples from the
ocean bottom
(Pacific ,Atlantic)
/244/,/365/,/373/,
/431/,/447/.
----
irradiation of the target
with high and superhigh
energy protons
irradiation of
the target with
superhigh energy
electrons
I
a) SLAC-20 GeV
711
irradiation of the
target with a beam
of secondary par-
ticles
a)Bevatron
MIT-6 GeV
/117/
b)CERN-28 GeV
/130/,/33/,
/148/
c) Brookhaven-
30 GeV
/159/
d) Serpukhov
70 GeV
/669/, .
/369/, -

a)Neutrons -
100-300 GeV
/696/
b)neutrino
/699/
'c) r -quant
/355/,/485/
e) Batavia-300,
400 GeV
/551/,/613/,/711/,
/992/
f)CERN-(2x30) GeV
/410/,/598/,/711/,
/1321/, /1569/.
a)proton /286/,/69
/1518/
b)neutron /286/
c)electron /286/
et ale
/691/
ex>

FIGURE I
9.
to make many different assumptions on the behaviour of monopoles
during this time. Some methods, though, allow to decrease this gap
to 10-
10
s /669/,/410/.
It is also necessary to mention the attempted searches for
n non-Dirac" monopoles of magnetic charges g equal to e nnd
less than e.
The following results are obtained now in the main directions
of searches for monopoles : the lowest limit of p flux of "cosmic
moliopo1es" 10-
19
cm-
2
s-
1
HI has been obtained in the experiments
'by Fleischer at a1. , ;.:'-ccording to whom it is possible to put a
stop to further monopole searches.
The construction of more and more powerful accelerators
moved further the upper limit of the mass up to which magnetic
monopoles in pp interactions were not found. The diapason of
probeb1e mnsses of produced monopoles with the upper limits of
1; 3; 5.5; 12; 14 .p has been investigated consequently at cross
.:sections reaching in certain cases the order /10-
40
- 1'0-43/ cm
2

recent experiments carried out on proton beams
at CERN have moved the upper limit of investigated monopole mf:'sses
to 30 mp , though at somewhat higher cross section of their pro.-
duction """10-
35
cm
2

There has been proved the magnetic neutrality of protons, neut-
rons electrons and other elementary pertic1es. The limit of the
probable nucleon magnetic charge reached the value of the
value of Dirac -minimal charge.
Such a big number of unsuccessful attempts to find the magnetic
monopole gave ground for certain scepticism even with the
author of magnetic charge theory. In his paper published in 1973
H/
Leas
than two monopoles at whole Earth-surface per second.
10.
Dirac writes *>:" Another idea that I has at time, which followed
from the mathematics, was that it should be possible to have single
magnetic poles, monopoles. There were some very beautiful
tics connected with these monopoles. However, monopoles have never
been discovered although the experimenters have searched for them,
and I'm beginning to feel doubtful whether this mathematical deve-
lopment is a correct one. There is room for doubt because the
theory of electrons interacting with the electric and magnetic fiell
is not altogether a satisfactory theory. There are some profound
difficulties which shaw that some very deep alterations will have
to be made. I don't want to go to a discussion of these
but I merely want to say that they do cast doubts on this develop-
ment, and it could very well be that when we get an improved
in the future there may be no room in it for magnetic monopoles".
A most interesting situation occurred in this regard in 1975
when american physicists Price et al./
776
/ reported that they
had found the track of a very heavy particle corresponding with a
great probability to the track of magnetic monopole with a charge
of g= 137e and mass 200 mp in their soli'd body detector irradiatE

for days in the upper layers of Earth atmosphere with primary
cosmic radiation. '
The intensive discussion of the published data resulted in a
number of other,more prosaic,interpretation of the detected event
and the authors had to deny the discovery of magnetic monopole/
9641
Though there was no discovery, the stormy responce of scientific
and world public to this report allowed to judge on the importance
out
*)This work has been us by S.Dubnichka.
11.
of the problem. We do not know whether this or some other factors
has given':ln impulse to further investigation, but after 1975 one
can note a quick growth of the number of publications on the sub-
ject /see Fig. 2/. The shadoved part of this figure is based on the
data in the possesion of authors in 1975. The figure demonstrates
also that a tendency to rapid growth of the number of publicntions
has been present earlier. This has been noted by academician
Vonsovski/
596
/ in 1973, but annu::.l number of articles published
in the 50 years of this problem existence has been exceeded by now
1700.
A part of-this p,pers develops the Dirac theory by.removing
from it some earlier difficulties / see for example papers by Yang,
Frankel et al.,a.a/. Other papers give a variety of different
original approaches to magnetic charge problem. Without going into
detail we shall illustrate them with just a list of current names
of the magnetic monopole.
Besides Dirac monopole one can come Dcross : Schwinger's dyon,
Sommerfield-Prasad dyon, t'Hooft-Polyakov monopole , Wu-Yang
monopole, Yang-Mills-Higgs monopole, BPS /Bogomolny-Prasad-Sommer-
.---
field/ monopole, Abelian monopole, non-Abelian monopole, SU/3/
magnetic monopole, coloured magnetic monopole, topological mono-
pole, tachyon monopole, gravitational magnetic monopole, a.o.

The Dirac theory does not give concrete predictions of the
magnetic monopole mass*/ and if one does not take into account
H/According to the t'Hooft-niypkov theory the magnetic charge
m ~ 3 S S m3 "-J : ~ At the W-boson mnss of mw= ~ O Gev the
mass m ~ equnls -- 11 Tev.
the number
240 of published
papers
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
L = 1786
1980
---
1930
1940 1950
12.
t---.----sept.
1960 1970 1980
13.
/such alternative/ a chance that it does not exist, all the
negative results of monopole searches with the accelerators find
a n',.tural explanation in the fact that the monopole mass is essenti-
ally higher than the limit obtained by modern accelerators. Due this
the search for magnetic monopoles is carried out systematically with
construction of more powerful accelerators. Presently, there
to search for magnetic cherges on the acceler8tors
LEP/I?09/,VBA/
l
?23/ and colliding pp beam machine
. The authors do not regard themselves as competent enough to
systematize all the theoretical papers concerning the magnetic
charge problem. But upon the whole one Can conclude assuredly th:'lt
the magnetic charge problem becomes one of the probable directions
on the way to solving the problem of elementary particle inner
structure. Of considerable interest here are the papers by Schwinger
Sawada, Barut, Fryberger and others . Note also that one of the
authors of this Bibliography/14
35
/ has pointed out the simple
relation connecting the electron magnetic momentum tt and the
Dirac magnetic charge g, which has been unnoticed until now :;t =
eti/2mec = e/2.r
e
= g.r
e
,where re is a classical electron radius
.. --
In case we express the electric charge e through the magnetic
charge g : e=g.2D(we find that two basic characteristic of
elementary pnrticle are directly related to the magnetic charge g.
Isn't it an indirect indications to the fact that the
.agnetic charge should be a value characterizing not the particle
but the components of its structure ?
And finally we would like to attract attention to the authors
index of a..pproximately 1000 namea added to the Bibliography. t1.mong
these names one can find the Nobel prize winners : Dirac,Curie,
Fermi,Schwinger,Tamm,Fr:cnk,Al varez, Yang, Weinberg,Salam, the
names of many prominent physicist from the nIl over the world, who
14.
have given much effort to solving this problem. Many authors return
again and again to the magnetic charge problem and publish numerous
results /Barut,Strazhev,Mignani,Recami,Tomil'chik,Yang,varrignn
One can hope that with this interest, noted recently, the magnetic
charge problem will be solved.
Some words on the Bibliography itself. It embraces all the
papers on the subject which were available to us. The earlier
.' "',.
Bibliograpby on the subject compiled bY'Stevens/585/covering the
period up to 1972. - is significantly expanded instead of 160 refe-
rences there are now 584 references. Bibliography by
/1\j?5-1-j76/ is supplied wherever possible with authors abstracts 'of
origin8l papers. Besides, the Hibliography is expanded with the
papers by Soviet authors and with papers published in !-j77-1YBu.
avoid the difficulties caused by the fact that
the majority of papers on magnetic monopole are publishea in
the latter has been adoptea for the whole Bibliography.
The dnta are presented chron010gic811y in alphf-!betic order for
each year. In compiling this Bibliograpby we used the following
sources :

1. SIGNAL INFORMt,TIONS ; PHYSICS ; P'cRTICLE AND FIELDS ;
7, 1980/.
2. INIS SYSTEM - the se ',rch with the CDC-6500 computer
funtil July 1980/.
3. PHYSICS ABSTR;,CTS /unti1 January 1980/.
4. INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY. Vienna /until N2 11,198C
5. NUCLEAR SCIENCE 'BSTRACTS /until July 1976/.
6. ERDA ENERGY RESEARCH ABSTRACTS /unti1 December 1978/.
7. REVIEW JOURNflL ; PHYSICS ; /until N2 7, 1980/.
8. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS INDEX /until N2 14, 1980/.
9. ARTICLES - on the subject of the JTNR published in the
journals recieved by the JINR Scientific Technical
15.
Library /until N2 35, 1980/.
10. PREPRINTS - list of preprints received by the JINR Scien-
tific Technical Library /until N2 35, 1980/.
The authors used also the catalogues of the JINR Scientific
Technic:.d Library. Many works hnve been found at reading the
original papers and numerous review reports. The data compila-
tionhas been completed in September 1980.
The authors thank the Director of the Laboratory of Nuclear
Problems JINR, Corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Science
V.P. Dzelepov for giving a chance to carry out this work and Prof.
L.I. Lapidus for continuous support. We thank also the staff of
the JINR Scientific Technical Library for assistance in se0rching
for original publications; to V. Adamkova, G.
K. Kabatova for their tedious collecting the d::l.ta for the
phy ; for the assi'stance in translating the ;obstr':-icts
of papers published in French. The authors are greatly indebted
to V.G. Ruzickova who has carried out the translotion into English
of numerous abstracts by Soviet authors and prepared the data
for publication. Thanks are due to M. Klimanova for
preparation of the manuscript.
2nd November, 1980.
References before 1931
1. Heaviside oliver Philosophical !',Tagc.zine and Journal of
Science, vol.XXVII -fifth series, January-June,1889,pp.
324-339.
ON THE ELECTROMAGNETIC EFFECTS DUE TO THE MOTION
OF ELECTRIFICATION THROUGH A DIELECTRIC
2. Curie P.
, .
Seances Soc.Phys., Paris, 1894,pp.76-77.
ON EXISTENCE POSSIBILITY OF HAGNETIC CmmUCTIVITY
AND FREE l:lA G IillT ISM
See also 1I0euvres de Pierre Curie
n
, Societe Francais de
Physique Paris, 1908, pp.142-144.
3. Poinc are H. Compt.Rend., 1896, vol.123, no 14,pp.530-
533.
ELECTRICITY - REMARKS on M. BIRKELA1JD' S
( In French)
See also Birkeland M. Archives des Sciences physiques
et naturelles de Geneva, Juin 1896, t.1, 4
e
periode.
4. Thomson J.J. London, 1900.
ELEMENTS OF THE MATHEMATICAL THEORY OF ELECTRICITY
AND MAGNETISM
See also section 284, of the third(1904) and subsequent
editions.
5. Rainich G. Y.
p.106.
Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. , 1925, vol.27, No 2,
ELECTRODY1JAMICS IN THE GENERAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY

6. Ehrenhaft F.
485.
Phys. Zei tschr., 1930, vol. 31, no 10, pp. 478
LONGITUDINAL AnD TRANSVERSAL ELECTRO AND MAGNE'l'O-
PHOTOPHORESIS( In German)
7. Dirac P.A.M.
p.60.
1931
Proc.Roy.Soc., London ,1931, Ser.A., vol.13:
QUANTISED SINGULARITIES IN THE ELECTROMAGNETI8
FIELD
Shows that quantum mechanics does not preclude the existen(
of isolated magnetic poles. In fact, this formalism, when
developed without y the imposition of arbitrary restrictiol
leads to wave equations whose only physical interpretation
is the motion of an electron in the field of a single magnE
tic pole.
8. Tamm Ig. Z.Physik, 1931, vol.71, p.141.
THE GENERALIZED SPHERICAL HA.B.MONICS AND THE ViA VB
FUNCTIONS OF AN ELECTRON IN A FIELD OF A MAGNETIC
POLE ( In German)
Properties of the generalized spherical harmonics are
related to Dirac's wave equation of an electron in the
field of a magnetic pole.
1932
1933
9. Tuve M.A. phys.Rev., 1933, vol.43, p.770.
SEARCH BY DEFLECTION-EXPERIMENTS FOR THE DIRAC
ISOLATED MAGNETIC POLE
The discovery of the positron predicted by Dirac motivates
this discussion of dctectine isolated Dirac magnetic poles
by deflection experiments in magnetic and electric fields.
1934
1935
10. Gronblom B.O. Z.Physik, 1935, vol.98, p.283.
11.
12.
ON SINGULAR MAGNETIC POLES (In German)
For a system of a magnetic pole (infinitely heavy) and
an electron, interacting through an arbitrary magnetic
potential, the energy and the transition probability are
shown to be independent of the position of' a (straight)
singular string.
1936
Saha M. U. Ind. J. Phys. , 1936, vol. 10, p.141.
THE ORIGIn' OF MASS IH nEUTRONS AND PROTOnS
1937
1938
Ehrenhaft F. Physikal.Z., 1938, vol.39, p.673.
DEYELOPME1'JT AND PROGRESS IN DETERLlrUNG
THE CHARGE AND VALUE OF SEPARATE PARTICLES
13. Jordan P. Ann. Physik. , 1938, vol.5/32, p. 66.
ON THE DIRAC MAGTlET POLE (In German)
For Dirac's system of singular strings each positive
pole which produces such a string must either terminate
at a negative pole or at infinity and conversely. It is
proven that all physical statements concerning Dirac's
theory must be independent of the special choice of
these strings.
'.'
J 1939
14. Ehrenhaft F.
1940.
1940
Sent to the Royal Society ,London,March,
PRODUCTION OF SINGLE MAGNETIC POLES BY LIGHT
(A,hypothesis of magnetic ions and magnetic currents)
This paper also deals with the aparent changes of poles
(magnetic charges) on the test particles, moviLg between
the "magnetrodes" in either direction. They behave ana-
logous to electric ions in electric fields, changing
their charges only when under the influence of a very
low magnetic field or without any field at all, and are
very rare with ferromagnetic particles and very frequent
with diamagnetic particles. Whether such a magnetic cur-
rent is surrounded by a constant electric field has yet
to be investigated.
15. Ehrenhaft F. Phys. Rev., 1940, vol. 57, p.562.
:NEW EVIDENCE on PA...'lTICLES OF THE LIGHT ViA VB
LEnGTH SIZE
6 ~ Ehrenhaft F.
173.
.Ann.Phys., 1940, vol.1), No 2, pp.151-
PHOTOPHORESIS, ELECTROPHOTOPHORESIS,
MAGNETOPHOTOPHORESIS (In'French)
. 17. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1940, vol. 57 t No 11, p. 1050
DIFFUSION BROWNIAN MOVEMENT, LOSCHilIIDT-
AVOGADRO'S NU1IDER AND LIGHT
18. Ehrenhaft F.
p.381.
Journ. Franklin Ins t. t, 1940, vol. 2)0, No ),
PHYSICAL AND ASTRONOMICAL INFORMATION CONCERNING
PARTICLES OF THE ORDEll OF MAGNITUDE OF THE WAVE -
LENGTH OF LIGHT
19. Ehrenhaft F Phys.Rev., 1940,vol.57,p.659.

. PHOTOPHORESIS OF SMALL PARTICLES IN A MAGNETIC
FIELD
20. Page L., Adams N. ELECTRODYNAMICS. Van Norstrand,
New York, pp. 157-160; 209-211; 218
August 1945).
1941
21. Ehrenhaft F. Nature, 1941, vol.147, p.25.
'STATIONARY AND MAGNETIC FIELDS IN BEAMS OF LIGHT
,
22. Ehrenhaft F. Nature, vol.117, p.297.
MAGNETIZATION OF MATTER BY LIGHT
23. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1941, vol.60, p.169.
PHOTOPHORESIS: APPLICATIons AND THE QUESTIon
OF THE EXISTElJCE OF UNIPOLAR MAGNETISM
24. Ehrenhaft F. Philosophy of Science, 1941, vol.8, No 3.
THE MICROCOULOIrffi EXPERIMENT
25. Ehrenhaft F.,Banet L.
vol.8, No 3, p.458.
Philosophy of Science, 1941,
IS THERE J:l.1AGNETISM" OR NOT ?
26. Ehrenhaft Science, 1941, vol.94, p.232.
THE MAGNETIC CURRENT
21. Ehrenhaft F.
p.235.
1942
Journ. Franklin Inst., 1942, vol.23
PHOTOPHORESIS AND ITS BY
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC IO:'JS
28. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1942, vol.61, p.7J3.
IMGNETIC CURRENT IN GASES
29. Ehrenhaft F. Science, 1942, vol.96, p.228.
MAGNETIC ION
1943
30. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1943, vol.63, p.216.
DECOMPOSITIO:T OF rv:.A.TTER THROUGH THE
MAGNET (MAGlIETOLYSIS)
31. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1943, vol.63, p.461.
AND THE ELECTRIC FIELD
AROUND THE II1A.GI'lETIC CURRENT
32. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1943, vol.64,p.43.
FURTHER FACTS CONCERNING THE MAGNETIC
CURRENT
1944
I
33. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1944, vol.65, p.62.
NEW EXPERIMENTS ABOUT THE MAGNETIC CURRENT
: '.; .
34. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1944, vol.65, p.256.
CONTINUATIon OF EXPERIMENTS WITH
MAGNETIC CURRENT
--
35., Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1944, vol.66, p.38.
PONDEROMo'rIVE FORCES ON A MATTER In
ELECTRIC AND lVrAGNETIC FIELDS
36. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., vol.65, p.287.
DECOMPOSITION OF WATER BY THE SO-CALLED
PERMANENT MAGNET AND OF THE
MAGNETIC CURRENT INTE!JSITY
37. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1944, vol.65, p.349.
DECOMPOSITION OF WATER WITH A PERMA-
NENT MAGNET
38. Ehrenhaft F. American Physical Society,Rochester {,Ieeting
June 23-24, 1944.
MAGllliTIC CURRENT
39. Ehrenhaft F. Nature, 3909, 30 september 1944,p.426.
MAGNETIC CURRENT
40. Fierz M. Helv.Phys.Acta , 1944, vol. 17, p.27.
ON THE THEORY OF PARTICLES WITH MAGNETIC
CHARGE ( In German)
A proof is given for Dirac's postulate that a magnetic
charge g must be an integer multiple of in
quanttun theory.'
1945
41. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev.,1945, vol.67, p.63.
NEW EVIDENCE FOR THE MAGNETIC CURRENT
For a homogeneous electric field through which flows a
constant electric current, it is predicted and confirmed
by observation that a single magnetic pole will move in
a spiral path.
42. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1945, vol.67, p.201.
THE MEASUREMEIJT OF SINGLE l,'IAGNETIC C:qJillGES
AND THE ELECTROSTATIC FIELD AROUND THE
PERMANENT lVIAGHET
For test bodies of various substances in the microscopic
dark field of a permanent magnet it has been observed that
north or south magnetic charges can be measured.
43. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1945, vol.68, p.102.
THE ELECTRIC COm;TERPA.l1T OF OERTED' S
EXPERHIEHT
44. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1945, vol. 68, p. 102.
POLARITY OF MAGNETISM
45. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1945, vol.68, p.105.
MAGNETISM AS A POLAR VEC TOR
46. Ehrenhaft F Phys.Rev., 1945, vol.,68, p.102.
. PONDERQr.IOTIVE FORCES OF LIGHT UPON MATTEH
AS SHOWn BY EXPERIMEIJTS
47. Ehrenhaft F. Science, 1945, vol.101, p.616.
RORATING ACTION ON MATTER IN A BEAM OF LIGHT
48. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1945, vol.68, p.285.
THE MOVEME!1T OF SOLID BODIES In SU:NLIGHT
1946
49. Banderet P.P. Helv.Phys.Acta , 1946,
CONCERNING THE THEORY OF SINGULAR IiIAmmTIC
POLES ( In German)
Here the work of Dirac and Fierz are extended to the
scattering of charged particles in the field of a
single magnetic pole and the eigenfunctions of Dirac's
equation for an electrically charged particle in a
magnetic coulomb field are found.
50. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1946, vol.69, p.52.
HELICAL MOVEMENTS OF MATTER IN THE BEAI:T OF LIGHT
AND THE MAGNETIC CURRElJT
51. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1946, vol.69, p.251.
FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON THE HELICAL MOVEME?JT
OF MATTER IN SUnLIGHT
52. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1946, vol.69, p.260.
THE CONSTA1'"r l\1AGNETIC CURHENT AND HEINRICH
HERTZ
53. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1946, vol.69, p.684.
SOME THOUGHTS ABOUT GRAVITATION OF CELESTIAL
BODIES AND PHO'rOPHORETIC PORCES
54. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1 ~ 4 6 vol.69, p.702.
ASTROPHYSICAL PHENOMENA AND THE MAGnETIC
CURRENT
55. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1 ~ 4 6 vol.70, p.114.
UNIPOLAR MAG1"'ETIC CHARGES
56. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1946, vol.70, p.119.
ROTATIONAL MOVEME1JTS OF MATTER IN THE HOIiIOGENEOUS
FIELDS OF IvIAGNETS OR OF RADIATIon
57. Ehrenhaft F. Compt.Rend., 1946, vol.222, p.1345.
PHOTOPiIORESIS (In French)
58. Ehrenhaft F. Compt.Rend., 1946, vol.222, p.1100.
SPffiAL MOTIOH In LOHGITUDINAL AND TRANSVERSAL
PHOTOPHORESIS (In French)
1947
59. Durand M.E. Compt.Rend., 1947, vol.225, p.567.
ELECTROMAGNETISM - NEW REPRESENTATION AHD
MORE GENERAL FORM OF EQUATIONS OF CLASSICAL
ELECTROMAGNETISM ( In French)
60. Benedikt E.T.,Leng H.R.
p.454.
Phys.Rev., 1947, vol.71, No 7,
ON THE EXISTENCE OF SINGLE MAGNETIC POLES
61u Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1947, vol.71 , p.138.
',-
SINGLE MAGNETIC POLES AND COSMIC RADIATION
62. Ehrenhaft F.
Phys.Re',., 1947, vol. 71, p.143.
. .
ELECTROPHOTOPHORESIS AnD ELECTRIC CHARGES
SMALLER THAN THE ELECTRONIC CHARGES
6j. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev.,1947, vol.71, p. 480.
THE GENERAL UOVEMENT OF MATTER POSSESSDm
SIX DEGREES OF FREEDOM IN FIELDS IS HELICAL
. 64. Ehrenhaft F. Le Journal de Physique et Ie Radium(VIII),
1947, vol.8, p.5.
GENERAL SPffiAL IJOTIOlJ OF SUBSTANCE WITH 6-DEGREES
OF FREEDOM IN SOME FIELD ( In French)
65. Ehrenhaft F. Compt.Rend., 1947, vol.224, p.1151.
SPIRAL MOTION OF PARTICLES IN COIISTA1JT mUFORIE
MAGNETIC FIELD (In French)
66. Ehrenhaft F. Compt.Rend., 1947, vol.225, p.926.
MOTIon OF PA...TtTICLES IN THE UIJIFORI,1 AIm
HETEROGEI-JEOUS MAGNETIC FIELD (In French)
67. Ehrenhaft F. Europische Rundschau, 1947, lIo 13.
MAGNETIC ( In German)
1948
68. Dirac P.A.M. Phys.Rev.,1948, vol.74, p.817.
THE THEORY OF MAGNETIC POLES
A general theory of charged particles and poles interacting
the electromagnetic field is developed using a
construction with each pole terminating an unobservable
string, which lines up with the sirlgular electromaGnetic
equipotential surfaces. Dynamical coordinates and momento
are introduced to describe the motion of these strings.
69. Ehrenhaft F. Acta Physica Austriaca,1948, Yol.2, p.181.
HELICAL PATHS IN LONGITUDINAL AND TRAHSVERSAL
PHOTOPHORESIS, AND ABOUT BROWNIAN MOVEMENTS.
THE UNIPOLAR MAGNETIC CHARGE.
70. Ehrenhaft F., Herzog R.F.K.
p.626.
Compt.Rend., 1 j48, vol. 221,
ON THE INFLUENCE on THE RADIATIon OF UN IF ORI\'I
AND LONGITUDINAL MAGl\J'ETIC FIELD (In French )
11. Harish-Chandra. Phys.Rev., 1S'48, vol.14, p.88J.
MOTIOl'T OF AN ELECTRON IN THE FIELD OF A
MAGNETIC POLE
The electron in the field of a magnetic pole is shown
to have no bound states.
72. Schelding J.A. Compt.Rend., vol.22i, p.410.
THE MOVEMEHT OF SMALL Fe-PlillTICLES F..A VIlJG SIX DEGREES
OF FREEDOM ra ThL AIR A...-qOUl'JD A WIRE A CONS-
TANT ELECTRIC CURRENT (In French)
See
1949
73. Ehrenhaft F., Herzog R.F.K.
p.550.
Compt.Rend., Yol.228,
ON THE INFLUENCE OF UNIFORM AND LONGITUDINAL FIELD
ON THE RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE PREP.AI{ATION
(In French)
. 74. Ehrenhaft F., Reeger E. Compt.Rend., 1949, vol.228,p.110
ON PHOTOPHORESTS AND SUN-LIGHT EFFECT,CAUSING ROTATION
OF SUBSTANCE IN' VACUUM ( In French)
75. Ehrenhaft F., Reeger E. Compt.Rend., 1949, vol.229,
on PHOTOPHORESIS AND SUN-LIGHT EFFEC'l', CAUSING
ROTATION OF SUBSTANCE IN VACUUM (In French)
16. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., 1949, vol.75, p.1334.
FURTHEH EXPERIMElfTAL PROOFS OF PROOF OF THE
EXISTENCE OF SINGLE MAGNETIC POLE
11. Ehrenhaft F. Phys.Rev., vol.75, p.1628.
NEW PHENOI .. IElJA OF RADIATION IN MAGNETIC FIELDS
78. Eldridge J.A. Phys.Rev., 1949, vol.75, p.1614.
STRINGS, POLES, l'JADTHE ELEC THON
Dirac's treatment of magnetic poles with strings and
single poles are compared. For an electron in the field
of two magnetic poles the correct value of the electron
spin is obtained if the charge spends only half its
time between the poles.
19. Saha M.lT. Phys.Rev., 1949, vol.75, No 12, p.1968.
NOTE ON,DIRAC'S THEORY OF MAGNETIC POLES
Dirac's result eog
o
= nc/2, where eo is the elemen-
taryelectric point charge and go the elementary
point magnetic pole, is obtained from classical electro-
dynamics and quantum mechanics.
,80. Schedling J.A. Phys.Rev., 1949, vol.76, p.843.
THE OF SMALL METAL PARTICLES HA VDm SIX
DEGREES OF FREEDOM IN AIR AROUND A WillE CARRYING
A CONSTANT ELECTRIC CURRENT
81. Wilson H.A. Phys.Rev., 1949, vol.75, p.)09.
NOTE ON DIRAC t S THEORY OF MAGNETIC POLES
Diracts result eog
o
= flc/2, where eo is the elementary
point charge and go the elementary point magnetic pole,
is obtained from classical electrodynamics and quantwn
mechanics.
1950
82. Blaha F. Proc.Phys.Soc., London, 1950, vol.6), p.12.
ON MOVEME:JTS OF SMALL FERROMAG!'-1ETIC PARTICLES
IN INHOUOGE:1EOUS ?11AG1TETIC FIELDS
8). Blaha F. Z. fur Naturforschung, 1950, vol.5a, p.2)).
ON THE METHOD OF A THREE-DIMENTIONAL n.TAGE
OF MOVEMENT OF MAGNETIC LINES OF FORCES
. (In German)
84. Blaha F. Electrotechn.Z., 1950, vol.71, p.581.
ON IvlAGNETOPHOTOPHORESIS (In German)
85. Ehrenhaft F ~ Reeger E.
p.9)8.
Compt.Rend., 1950, vol.2JO,
ON PHOTOPHORESIS AND SUN-LIGHT EFFECT, CAUSING
ROTATION OF SUBSTANCE IN VACUUM (In French)
86. Ehrenhaft F., Desoyer K.V.
p.1654.
Compt.Rend., 1950, vol.230,
ON PHOTOPHORESIS AND SUN-LIGHT EFFECT,CAUSING
ROTATION OF SUNSTANCE IlJ VACUUM; THE INFLUENCE
OF UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELD
87. Ehrenhaft F., Reeger E.
p.541.
Compt.Rend., 1950, vol.2)1,
ON PHOTOPHORESIS AND SUN-LIGHT EFFECT,CAUSING
ROTATION OF IN VACUUM ( In French )
88. Ehrenhaft F. Elektrotechn. Z., 1950, vol.71, p.656.
ON SEPARATE nORTH AND SOUTH MAGWETIC POLES.,
PHOTOPHORESIS AND SOME CONCLUSIONS ( In German)
89. Ehrenhaft F. Acta Physica Austriaca, 1950, vol.4, p.11r-3.
90.
ON PHOTOPHORESIS AIm LIGHT INFLUENCE CAUSI2\JG
SUBSTANCE ROTATIOI'J IN VACUUM ( In German )
Ehrenhaft F., Herzog R.F.K.,
Viehbock F.P., Weinzierl P.M.
1950, vol.4., p.129.
Higatsberger M.J.,
Acta Physica Austriaca,
NEW CHARGES IN MAGNETIC FIELDS (In Gerrllan)
91. Ferber J.A. Acta Physica Austriaca, 1950, vol.4, p.1J3.
ON MOTIOH OF A 10-
4
- 10-
5
cm METAL SAMPLES lIT A
HOMOGENEOUS FIELD OF A PERHANE1JT MAGNET AT InSTANT
SWITCHING OFF THE LIGHT; MAGNETIC FLASH (In German)
92. Fermi E. Conferenze Di Fisica Atomica, Roma, 1950.
DIRAC MONOPOLE ( In Italian)
See
93. Schedling J.A. Acta Physica 1950, vol.4,p.98.
ON REPETITION OF ORSTED EXPERIMENT, .. USING fvlETAL
J .. .
SAMPLES WITH SIX DEGREES OF FREEDOM InSTEAD OF
A MAGNETIC NEEDLE (In German)
1951
94. Bauer E. Froc. Cambridge Phil.Soc., vol.47,p.777.
THE ENERGY LOSS OF FREE IIIAGNETIC POLES IN
PASSING THROUGH MATTER
The ionization produced by Dirac's free magnetic poles
pole strengths g being an integral multiple of hc/2e =
. 137e/2 is calculated by the calssical impact parameter me-
thod and. by perturbation theory.
95. Blaha F., Schedling. J.Appl.Phys., vol.22,p.11.
IMPROVEMENTS IN' VISUAL DEPICTION OF MAGNETIC
LINES OF FORCE BY MEANS OF A GAS DISCHARGE
96. Ehrenhaft F.
pp.12-25.
Acta Physica Austriaca,1951, vol.5, };o1,
ON PHOTOPHORESIS ,MAGNETIC CHARGE SPIRAL
MOTIOH OF SUBSTANCE I:r FIEL:::lS (In Gerr::an ) .
97. Cotton E.,Tauzin P.,Tsai B. Compt.Rend., 1951, vol.232,
No 1, .pp.44-46.
CONCERNING TWO NOTES OF EHRENHAFT AND HERZOG.
IS A UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELD CAPABLE OF ACCELE-
RATING RADIATION EMITTED BY RaE?(In French)
Ehrenhaft and Herzog (Compt.Rend.227,550 (1948); ibid.
227, 626 (1948) have described experiments in which a
uniform magnetic field apparently favoured the passage
through an Al absorber of the radiation of RaE(Bi
210
).
These authors believed that the radiation contained w1it
magnetic poles. The present paper describes Al absorption
experiments with photographic emulsion as detectinG
instrument, the results of which indicate that such oboer-
vations are due to bremsstrahlunG.
"
98.
99.
Cole H. J. D.
p.196.
Froc.Cambridge Phil.Soc., ,vol.47,
THE TlillORETICAL BEHAVIOUR OF A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
IN A WILSON CLOUD CHAMBER
Diracts suggestion that the quantization of electric
charge can be explair,ed by the existence of magnetic
monopoles motivated a theoretical study of the beha-
viour of free monopoles in a cloud chamber.
Ford K. and Wheeler J.A.

Phys.Rev., 1951, vol.81,
SCATTERIiJG OF MAGNETIC POLES BY ATm,IIC lJUCLEI
If the nucleus is asswned to be very heavy compared to
a magnetic pole which is treated relati'listically by the.
Klein-Gordon equation then it is shown that scattering
by heavy nuclei at certain universal angles is a charac-
teristic of the magnetic pole.
100. Malkus W. V.R. Phys.Rev., 1951, vol.8J.,p.899.
THE INTERACTION OF THE DIRAC MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
WITH MATTER
For charged particles, of arbitrary moment,
moving simultaneously in the field of the monopole and
an external electric field, it is shown that the mono-
pole can be coupled to matter with energies comparable
to, but not significantly greater than, that of the
chemical bond.
1952
101. Fermi E. LECTURES ON ATOMIC PHYSICS. Dirac Monopole
. -(In Russian) , Moscow, 1952, p.114.
See
,'-7-.
{fl. fI" ,;'.,
. I - . .-. 1 - I .
i? ...1 .. .! I . l .... '/(,.
102. Frank I.M. MEMORY OF S.I.VAVILOV. Izd. Akad.Nauk,
USSR, Moscow, 1952,
CHERENKOV RADIATION FOR MULTIPOLES
Magnetic pole and Magnetic Multipole Radiation
103. M.A. Phys.Rev., 1952, vol.86,
PHENOI.IE:mLOGICAL QUANTUl,I ELECTRODYt'"jl.I':iICS
WITH IvIAGNETIC POLES
Electrodynamics is here developed with the followinG
generalizations: (A) The fields B and are
distinguished from the force fields Hand E.
(B) The usual restriction to the absence of free
magnetic poles is not made.
104. Shanmugadhasan S. Can.J.Phys.,1952, vol.30, p.218.
TIm DynAMICAL THEORY OF r,1AG1IETIC HO:-TOPOLE3
A reformatioL of Dirac's theory of and magnetic
charges in which the field tensor is expressed in terms
of two four-potentials, one corresponding to charges
and the other to monopoles, and the action principle
for the equations of motion is set up in terms of the
two four-potentials and of the tensors dual to them.
The result is a generalization of Fermi Electrodynamics
with the restriction that a particle cannot have charge
and be a monopole.
1953
1954
1955
,
'. i
--
---
. '
- -.
,
. .
....... .1955
J .
" "':'
105. Arnowitt R., Deser S. University of California Radia-
tion Laboratory, UCRL-214, Berkeley,
HIGH-ENERGY MULTIPLE PHOTON PRODUCTION
The multiple production of photons by fast elementary
particles and magnetic monopoles coupled strongly to
the electromagnetic field is treated semiclassicaly.
Several cosmic ray events show that conventional electro
dynamic models (including antiparticle annihilation)
produce .too few photons and magnetic moriopoles too many,
to account. for observed multiplicities.
1956
106. Durand E. Compt.Rend., 1956, vol.242, No 15, p.1862.
FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS OF THE CLASSIC :JONCONSERVATIVE

101. Ohmura T.
pp.684-686.
Progr.Theor.Phys., 1956, vol.16, No 6,
A NEW FORMULATION on THE ELECTROMAGJ?ETIC
FIELD
1957
108. Borgardt A.B. Zh.Eksp.i Teor. Fiz.
vol.3), No 3/9, pp.191-192.
ON THE PRINCIPLE OF LARMOR IUVA.-qIANCE
(In Russian)
1951,
109. Gautier P. Compt.Rend., 1951, vol.245, No 1, p.45.
ELECTROUAGNETISM: "General solutions of the equntionn
of classic non-conservative electromagnetiom".
An extension of general solutions of electromagnetism
for the case when, inside the volume, the fields are
to be calculated, exist both the electric and mnGnetic
charges, is given. The charges can displace, disappear
or be created. The presented formulae contain as a
special case general solutions of Maxwell's equations
given by Louis de Broglie and E.Durand.
110. Hoffman H. Acta Physica Austriaca, 1957, vol.11,
No 2, pp.241-251.
111.
112.
ON INTERPRETATION OF MAXWELL EQUATIOl\!S
USING ELECTRIC AND I','IAGllliTIC C}IA..l1GES
(In German)
Misner Ch.W., Wheeler J.A.
vol.2, No 6, p.525.
Ann. Phys. (N. Y. ) ,1957 ,
CLASSICAL PHYSICS AS GEOMETRY
Gravitation, Electromagnetism, Unquantized charge,
and mass as properties of curved empty space.
Nierenberg W.A.
vol.1, p.349.
Ann.Rev.of Nuclear SCience, 1S57,
MEASUMERENT OF lnJCLEAR SPINS AND STATIC iVIOrvIEIITS
OF RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES
p.353
The Fermi-Segre formula and the Breit-Rabi diagram.
the hyperfine struc-ture measurement in atoms offer
a possibility to distinguish whether the magnetic mo-
ment in the proton is due to rotating charees or due
to magnetiC moment of two monopoles.
- .
- ~ ('-
1958
113. Fitz H.C., Good W.B., Kassner J.L., Ruark A.E. Phys.
Rev
e
, 1958, vol.111, p.1406 .
. CLOUD CHALIDER SEARCH FOR PARTICLES IOTUZING
LESS THAN AN ELEC1'ROn
Ionization of charged particles which varies with the
square of its charge was observed in a very clean cloud
chamber. Particles with small electronic charges, ze,
or relativistic magnetic monopoles were sought but no
subionizers with z in the range 1/6 to 1/2 were seen.
114. Goto E., J. Phys.Soc. Japan, 1958, vol.1], p.1413.
115.
ON THE OBSERVATIG:r OF LIAGIlliTIC POLES
Ferromagnetic and paramagnetic trapping of magnetic
monopoles is considered.
Laboratory , University of California Radiation
UCRL-8281, Berkeley, 1958, p.67.
PHYSICS VIVISIOH SEr,UAiTNUAL REPORT FOR nOVEMBER 1957
THROUGH APRIL 11)58
Nuclear emulsions were used in four fruitless attempts
to dete.ct Dirac uni t magnetic poles.
116.' Ramsey N. F. Phys.Rev., 1958, vol.109, p.225.
TIME REVERSAL, CHARGE CONJUGATION,
MAGNETIC POLE AND PARITY
. A theory which includes magnetic 'poles has the TCP theo-
rem replaced by a TMCP theorem. (T-time reversal, hl-
magnetic pole conjugation, C-electric charge conjur;ution,
and P-inversion of space coordinates).
_, '/ J
,# ... ,.j
1959
117. Bradner H., Isbell W.M. Phys.Rev., vol.114,p.GOJ.
SEARCH FOR DffiAC MONOPOLE
The upper limit for the production cross section of
Dirac monopoles by 6.J-BeV protons is measured usinc
nuclear emulsions to be less than 10-
J5
cm
2
per nucleon
for poles of protonic mass.
118. Dacos F. Bull.Sci.A.I.I,T., 1959, No 1, pp.7J-10J.
ELECTRODYlTA1IICS OF I,:.ATERIAL BODIES
The present paper is based on the remarkable investiga-
tion carried out by L.J.Chu. On indicating the way of
studying the electrolyzed particles in vacuum used both
as the source of field and as the way of studying the
. magnetic aspect of the particle, one comes to a concep-
tion of magnetic and polarization currents. The charge
displacement in vacuum is considered with making use 0:
the Maxwell equations. After this it is possible to
proceed from discrete investigation to a macroscopic one
of the material in
theorem expresses explicitly the energy exchange between
the field and the matter.
119. Ford K.W., \Vheeler J.A.
p.287.
Ann. Phys. (N;. Y.), 1 Si59, vol.1,
APPLICATION OF SEMICLASSICAL SCATTERING ANALYSIS
Several different examples of scattering processes are
analyzed, and for each, semiclassical approximations
are discussed. The scattering of magnetic monopoles by
charged particles is an illustrative example demonstrat-
ing rainbow and glory effects.
- ., I
. ,
.-.---
.- , --
-", .
. .
.: _ .' r
............ . 1960
120. Frank I. M. Uspekhi Fiz. Nauk, 195:J, vol. 68, p. 31)7.
OPTICS OF LIGHT SOURCES MOVING IN REFRACTIVE
MEDIA (In Russian)
The Nobel Lectures, 1958.
121. Katz R.,Parnell D.R. Phys. Rev., 1 5 ~ vol. 116, p. 236.
TWO PROPOSED EXPERIMENTS FOR Tim DETECTION OF
THE DIRAC MONOPOLE
The deflection of a magnetic monopole in a heliwn chambe
subjected to an electric field would produce helical
tracks whose axes are parallel to the field. The ioniza-
tion of monopoles in electron-sensitive emulsions could
be determined from track width.
122. Takabayasi T. Compt.Rend., 1 9 5 ~ vol.248, No 1, p.70.
THEORETICAL PHYSICS )SPACE EQUALITY OF ELECTRO-
MAGNETIC FIELD (In French)
123. Wheeler J.A. GEOMETRODYNAMICS (In Russian), Izd.
Inostrannaya Literatura, Moscow, 1 ~ 5 ~ .
1960
124. Cherenkov P.A., Frank I.M., Tamm I.E. THE NOBEL
LECTURES ,Fizmatgiz, Moscow, 1960, p.53.
See
125. Julier M. L'Onde electr., 1960, vol.40, p.260.
ELECTRIC WAVE: NOTES ON THE TENSOR FORM OF THE
MAXWELL EQUATIONS
126. Lapidus I.R., Pietenpol J.L. Amer. J. Phys., 1 Sl60, vol.21
pp. 17-18.
CLASSICAL INTERACTION OF AN ELECTRIC CHARGE WITH
A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
The motion of a charged particle in the field of a maG-
netic monopole is calculated classically. The
tial scattering cross section obtained in the limit of
small interaction strength resembles the Rutherford
cross section. A single relativistic correction is
discussed.
127. Nadeau G. Amer.J.Phys., 1960, vol.28, p.566.
CO:rWERNING THE CLASSICAL INTERACTION OF AH ELECTRIC
CHARGE WITH A MAGNETIC
The shortest way to get the trajectory of a charged
particle in the field of a magnetic monopole is shown
to be vector methods.
128. Porter N. A. Nuovo Cimento, 1960, vol.16, p.958.
THE DIRAC MONOPOLE AS A COnSTITUE:TT OF PRIMARY
COSlilIC RADIATION
A number of effects observed in large extensive air
showers, which have not been explained, could be
understood if it is assumed that a very small fraction,
N 10-
14
, of all primary cosmic ray particles were
Dirac monopoles.
1961
129. Amaldi E. Nuovo Cimento Suppl., 1961, vol.19, No 2,
pp.101-1J1.
ANTI-PARTICLE
130. Amaldi E., Baroni G., Brander H., De Carvalho J.,Hof:'man
J\1andrcdini A., Vanderhacehe G. ]?roc. Aix-cn-
Provence Conf. 1961 , centre d' Etude de
Saclay, Seine et Oise, France,
SEARCH FOR DlliAC MAGNETIC POLES
An experiment is described using nuclear emuloion to
detect magnetic monopoles which produced negative
results. An upper limit is put on the production cross-
section.
131. Amaldi E. Notas de Fiseka, vol.8, :!o 15, p.25
SEARCH FOR DIRAC r,1AGlJETIC POLES
132. Bayle D. Compt.Rend. ,1961, vol. 252, No 23, p.3535.
MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS: A STUDY OF A SYr.Ti',IETRIC REPRE -
SENTATIOrJ OF ELECTROT,IAGNETISl.i LAWS
A relativistic symmetric representation of electroma6netic
laws uses, besides the notions of electric current and
magnetodynamic potential, the notions of magnetic current
and electrodynamic potential,as well, which plays the
role of calculation artifice. The external differential
forms being-associated with various quantities of repre-
sentation, the harmonic form theory imply that harmonic
components connecting simultaneously static and dynamic
or electric and magnetic properties exist in the electro-
magnetic field.
133. Fidecaro M., Finocchiaro G., Giacomelli G.
mento, 1961, vol.22, p.657.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
Nuovo Ci-
An attempt to produce monopole-antimonopole pairs up to
a monopole mass of 2.8 GeV in two counter experiments
had negative resultf? which put an upper limit of 10-
36
cm:
on the production cross section.
134. volz H. Phys. Blatter, vol.17, no 2, pp.79-84.
FORMATIon OF THE CONCEPT OF CLASSICAL
ELECTROIvTAGHETICS (In German)
1962
135. Amaldi E. Uspekhi Fiz. Nauk, 1962, vol.7S, No
ANTI-PARTICLE (In Russian)
See
136. Bolotovsky B.M., Boronin V.S. Izvestiya Vuzov SSSR,1j6
ser. radiofizika, vol.5, No 5, p.1033.
ON ENERGY LOSSES OF ELECTRIC AND MAGi:JETIC
CHARGES Dr FERRODIELECTRICS
(In Russian )
137. Cabibbo N., Ferrari E.
p.1147.
Nuovo Cimento, vol.2J,
QUANTUM ELECTRODYlTAMICS VIiTE DIRAC MO:TOPOLES
The extension of quantum electrodynamics to the fields 0
electric charge and magnetic monopoles shows that the
existence of monopoles is not contradicted by the observ
parity conservation ( and invariance under charge conju-
gation) in ordinary electromagnetic processes.
-138. Eliezer C.J., Roy 3.K.
Froc.Cambridge Phil Soc., 1962,
- vol. 58, No 11, p.401.
THE EFFECT OF A MAGNETIC POLE OrJ THE ENERGY
'LEVELS OF A HYDROGEN-LIKE ATOM
A hydrogen-like atom in which the nucleus has both an
electric charge and a pole strenGth is considered.
" .. -, ) (, "
.
1.39. Katz R. Amer.J.Phys., 1962, vol.30, No 1, pp.41-44.
THE MAGjrETIC POLE IN THE FORrJULATION OF
ELECTRICITY AND MAGrmTISM
The use of the magnetic pole in the development of the
concepts of electricity and maGnetism leads unambiguouuly
to a relativistic formu.lo.tion of the field vectors whicn
is well within the grasp of the sophomore student. The
development is wholly cOIlsistent wi th 1','Iaxwell' s equations
and leads to clear and understandable defini tioY:s the
field vectors both in vacuum and in the material mediUD,
as well as to the relations defining the
of the field vectors.
140. Kolomensky A.A. Vestnik Mosk. Univ., sere fizika-astr.,
1962, No 6, p.56.
MAGNETIC i\10:rmFOLE EMISSION rrI A
(In Russian)
141. Leen M.W., Sugai I., Clavier P.A. Froc. IRE (Corres-
pondence), 1962, vol. 50, lio 1, p.90.
PHYSICAL BASIS FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY
142. Schnupp P., Leen
pp.1990-1991.
Proc. IRE, vol. 50, No
THE MAGNETIC MONOPOLE AND THE PRINCIPLE OF PARITY
143. "Wheeler J.A.
1962, vol.1.
GEOMETRODYNAl\UCS, AP !'Jew York and London,
1963
144. Alwarez L.W., University of California, Radiation Labo-
ratory, UCRL-476, Berkeley, 1963.
145. Alwarez L.W. University Of California Radiation Labora-
tory, UCRL-407, Berkeley, 1j63.
146. Alwarez Lo W., watt R. W. Uni versi ty of cali:L'ornia
Radiation Laboratory, UCRL-479, Berkeley, 1:;63.
A minimum volume of n=2 was suggested also by Ahvarez
whn otarted from Saho consideration ( ref. ): If
Dirac poles have spin 1/2, the electron-pole system
should be composed of two fermions and therefore n
should be even, so that its minimum value should be 2.
147. Amaldi E., Baroni G., Bradner H., ~ e Carvalho H.G.,
Hoffman L., Manfredini A., Vanderhaegne G. European
Organization for Nuclear Research, Nuclear Physics Divi-
sion, CERN' 63-13, Geneva, 1 6 3 .
SEARCH FOR DIRAC MAGNETIC POLES
A review of the experimental and theoretical work dOI,e
to that time concerning the Dirac monopole. Various
properties of monopoles are described and three experi-
ments performed at CERN are discussed in detail
148. Amaldi E., Baroni G., Bradner H., Hoffman L., Vanderhaeghe
G ~ Manfredini A. Nuovo Cimento, 1963, vol.28, No 4,
pp.773-793.
SEARCH FOR DIRAC NIAGNETIC POLES
Expected properties for Dirac poles are summarized and
the details of an experimental search for Dirac monopoles
made at the CERN-PS are eiven. Upper limits for the pro-
duction cross-section in proton-nucleon collisions are
derived.
149. Devons S. Science Progress (Great Britain), 1YG), vol.51
No 204, p.601.
THE SEARCH FOR THE MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
Experiments in search of the magnetic monopole are
reviewed and the consequences of the existence of the
monopole are given.
150. Ford K.W.
pp.122-131.
Scientific American, 196), vol.209, No 6,
MAGNETIC rr.OlJOPOLES
A popular review of the experimental efforts made in
search of the magnetic monopole, a particle predicted
by conservation and symmetry prinCiples but not yet
detected.
151. Goto E. Progr. Theor.Phys.-, 196), vol.30, pp.700-718.
EXPECTED BEBA VIOUR OF THE DIRAC I'JONOPOLE IN
THE COSMIC SPACE
Dirac monopoles in space are expected to be accelerated
by magnetic fields and decelerated mainly by Hubble's
recession of galaxies. The average energy of cosmic
monopoles is estimated to be 1020.41ev with a rather
sharp differential energy spectrum. Discussions of EAS's-
and more extensive monopole experiments are given.
152. - Goto E., Kolrn H.H., Ford K.W.,
pp.381-396.
1963, vo.132,
SEARCH FOR TRAPPED MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES OF COSMIC-RAY ORIGIN
Since magnetiC monopoles should be trapped and accumulated
in ferromagnetic materials, an -attemp,t to extract them
from a magnetic outcrop on the earth'$ surface and from
fragments of s stony-iron meteorite by pulsed magnet
(\ "
techniques is described. From the negative results,
upper-limit monopole production cross sections in
the atmosphere are estimated as a function of assumed
monopole mass.
.' \
153 . Harrison H., Krall N.A., Eldridge O.C., Fehsenfeld F.,
Fite W.F., Teutsch W.B. Amer.J. Phys., 1963, vol.31,
p.249.
POSSIBILITY OF OBSERVING THE MAGNETIC CHARGE OF
AN ELECTRON
The Lorentz force law and Maxwell's equations are extended
to" include magnetic as well as electric charges, by
requiring that the equations be symmetrical in these
charges. This extension predicts that the absolute
magnetic charge of a particle cannot be detected.
-154. Levashov A.E., Vorontsov V.I. Doklady Akad.Nauk
SSR, 1963, vol.7, No 2, pp.83-86.
"MAGNETIC CHARGES" AUD DUAL COVARIANCE EQUATIONS
OF ELECTRODYl\fAMICS ( In Russian)
155. Lubkin E.
p.233.
Ann.Phys. (N.Y.), 1963, vol.23, No 2,

--
DEFINITION OF GAUGE INVARIANCE
156. Petukhov V.A., Yakimenko M.N.,
49, 'p. 87.
Nucl.Phys., 1963, vol.49,
, ..
SEARCH FOR THE DIRAC MONOPOLE
The cross section for the production of monopoles by
cosmic rays is 3 x 10-
40
cm
2
A method the
difficulties connected with the uncertainty of its mass
is presented.
157. Mergelian O.S. Dokl.Akad.Nauk Arm.SSR, 1963, vol.36,
No 1, pp.17-21.
TRANSITION RADIATION OF A PARTICLE ACCOUNTING
A :MAGUETIC CHAHGE
(In Russian)
Also obtainable in English translation by
as Grumen Research Department Translation TR-57.
158. Pintacuda N. Nuovo Cimento, 196), vol.29, p.216.
DO MAGNETIC MONOPOLES VIOLATE PARITY?
A twofold meaning of parity arises from the discussion
of parity conservation for magnetic monopoles and a
comparison with similar classical situations. A group-
theoretical method is employed to define a "weak" and
a "strong" parity.
159. Purcell E.M., Collins G.B., Fujii T., Hornbostel J.,
Turkot F. Phys.Rev., 1963, vol.129, No 5, p.2326.
SEARCH FOR DIRAC MONOPOLE WITH 30-BeV PROTONS
A search was made at the Brookhaven alternating gradient
synchrotron for magnetic monopoles produced either in
collisions of 30-BeV protons with light nuclei, or by
r rays secondary to these protons in yhe Coulomb field
of protons or of carbon nuclei. In the runs using 5.7 x
10
15
circulating protons, no monopole-like event was .
found. This impies an upper limit for production in
proton-nucleon 1nt ract10ns of about 2 x 10-
40
cm
2
.
Experimental limits are also derived for the photopro-
duction of pole pairs.
160. Tomiichik L.M.
pp.160-161.
Zh.Eksp. i Teor. Fiz., 1963, vol.44, N01
"
ON THE EXISTENCE OF A MONOPOLE {In Russiun)
i ..
It is suggested that the Dirac monopole may be forbidden
- '7.1 .
by parity concervation in electromagnetic interactions,
which may explain the megative experimental confirmation
of the monopole's existence.
161. Alsfna F.
pp.105-109.
1964
Acta Cient. Venezolana, 1964,-vol.15, No J,
ON MAGNETIC MONOPOLES ( In Spain)
162. Alvarez L.W., Schwe A.J., Smits R.G., watt R.D.
University of California Radiation Laboratory, Semi-
annual Report, USRL-11466, Berkeley, 1964.
163. Ferrell R.A., Hopfield J.J. Physics, 1964, vol.1, p.1.
OJ-I THE EXOSTENCE OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
By the Bohm-Aharonov effect, the flux within a long slende]
solenoid is unobservable unless it is a multiple of he/e.
The ends of such a solenoid behave as magnetic monopoles
with strength quantized according to Dirac.
164. Fi erz M. Helv.Phys.Acta., 1964, vol.31, p.663.
ON ELECTRODYNA1ITCS ( In German )
Magnetic 'charges do not fi t into a theory in which the -
- light quantum has a finite however small mass. Therefore,
it is imposwible to find out what the properties of such
systems whieh would have to be described by a relativis-
tic quantum theory.
'.,
165. Finkelstein R.J. Rev.Mod.Phys., p.632.
J ,_ ,
ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTIONS OF A YANG-MILLS
., .
FIELD
A possible generic relationship between vector bOGons
and the photon, and the possibili ty of magnetic pole's
which, like the -mesons, may violate parity and b ~
produced only at very high energies are examined.
166. Kronenberg S., Berthowitz A.L. U.S. Army Electronics
Command, Fort Monmouth, N.J., Technical Report, 1964.
161. Lebnert B. DYNAMICS OF CHAHGED PARTICLES (Uorth Hollan
Publ. Co., Amsterdam, 1964, p.)2.
A charged particle is shown to move on a .conical surface
in the field of a magnetic monopole.
168. Okulov Yu.I. GEOMAGNETISM AND AERONOMY (Russ.), 1964,
vol. IV, No 6, pp.1002-1014.
DIRAC MONOPOLE, Sm,IE PROBLEHS OF NEUTRINO
PHYSICS AND GEOPHYSICS(In Russian)
It is shown, that the Dirac monopole must be a pseudo-
scalar. Electron interaction with an electromagnetic
field which is created by a scalar magnetic charge is
considered. From the ~ l y s i s it follows, that this
interaction if invariant to space reflection and scalar
magnetic charge v.alue must be. smaller the electron charg
This allows one to assume that neutrino has a scalar
magnetic charge which is not equal to zero. It is shm'm
. that basic principles of a quaternary neutrino theory
do not contradict the given hypothesis. The magnetic
charge of neutrino is evaluated according to experimenta
data on the value of ionization cross-section when a
particle passes through a sUbstance. Some geophysical
aspects of neutrino with a magnetic charge are discussed
Okulov yu. I. GEOMAGnETISM AERONOMY, 1:;64, vol.4, p.760
\
DffiAC MONOPOLE AIm SOME PROBLEMS OF NEUTRINO
PHYSICS AND GEOPHYSICS
Dirac's monopole is sho\vn to be a pseudoocalar, and the
interaction of an electron with an external electromag -
netic field, created by a scalar magnetic charge, is
studied. The interaction is shown not to be invariant
with respect to space reflection and the magnitude of
the scalar magnetic charge must be less than the electro:
charge. A neutrino which has a scalar non-zero magnetiC
charge is allowed by the four-component neutrino theory.
170. Okulov Yu.I. GEOMAGnETISM AND AERONOMY (Russ.),
vol. IV, no 6, pp. 1111-1112.
BREMSSTRAHLUNG OF A MAGNETIC SCAIATt (In Russian)
171. Penney R., J.Math.Phys., 1964, vol.5, p.14J1.
DUALITY INVARIANC'D AND RIEMA:r.nTIAN GEOMETRY
It is shovm that the postulate of indistinguishability
of the Maxwell field tensor frorni:t;s dual leads to the
concept of the electromagnetic field tensor as a spinor
.-- ,
component in dual space. The necessity for'4 duality gaugE
condition excludes the existence of magnetic monopoles.
172. Seyfferth S . Naturwissenschaften, 1964, vol.51, p.54'h-.
SEARCH FOR CHARGED PARTICLES
The.properties of magnetic particles are discussed and
an experiment to detect the magnetic charged particles
is discussed.
173. strax N. Amer.J.Phys:, 1964, vol.32, p.615.
NONSYMMETRICAL PROPERTY OF MAGNE'l'IC
MONOPOLES
It is shown that the sign of a magnetic monopole can be
given an absolute significance as a result of the exis-
tence of electromagnetism, the existence of parity
nonconserving weak interactions, and the nonsYnIDletry
with respect to the dimensions of time which is manifest
in the second law of thermodynamics and the expansior:
of' the universe.
174. strax N. Amer.J.Phys., 1964, vol.J3, p.102.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES, WEAK INTERACTIONS, A?TD
ANGULAR I.TOMEHTUM
It is shown that if magnetic monopoles were to engage
in processes fully analogous to the parity nonconserving
weak interaction processes, then the sign of angular
momentum vectors would acquire an absolute significance
as a result of the symmetries of and
weak interactions, and the numerical inequality of the
electric charge and magnetic pole strength.
175. TomiIchik_L.M. Doklady Akad.Uauk Belor. SSR, 1964,
vol.8, No 6, pp.379-J81.
CONTRIBUTION TO ELECTRODYNAMICS WITH MONOPOLES
(In Russian)
176. Tompkins D.R. Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, -
Lousiana, 1964
. TOTAL ENERGY LOSS AND CIillRENKOV EMISSION FROM
MONOPOLES
The Cherenkov emission and Fermi theory loss of
monopoles passing through a permetaole.medium are calcu-
lated. Based on their Cherenkov emis:s:i::on a method of
identifying fast monopoles is proposed. This method woule
{ 1:"' ...
---
:-- . . . .
. .
#
. -
.... . ,1965
. .
complement the present methods which only permit the
identification of slowed down monopoles.
177. schiff L. I.
Amer.J.Phys., vol.)2, No 10, p.812.
CLASSICAL EXAMPLES OF TIME REVERSAL
178. Bolotowski B.M.
p.761.
1965
uspekhi Fiz. Nauk, 1965, vol.85, No 4,
SUPPLEMENT TO THE .A ... BY S. DEVOl'IS uSEARCH FOR
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES" (In Russian)
Also see
179. Borgardt A.A.
180. Calcin M. G. Amer.J.Phys., 1965, vol.)), No 11, pp.958-96C
AN INVARIANCE PROPERTY OF FREE ELECTROl'-lIAGNETIC
FIELD
In the absence of charges and currents, Maxwell's equations
are invariant under the transformation E'=E cos e +B sin
BI= -E sin e + B cos e. USing Hoether's theorem, we show,
that the corr.esponding conserved qunatity is proportional
to the difference in the number of right and left
polarized photons in the field.
181. Carrigan R.A. Nuovo Cimento, 1965, vol.)8, No 1, p.638.
COnSEQUENCES OF THE EXISTEnCE OF MASSIVE MAGNETIC
POLES
Because of violation of CP, systems are considered which
would alter existing symmetry arguments. Theoretical and
experimental evidence relating to the existence of maGne-
tic monopoles and the role of magnetic' monopoles in ele-
mentary-particle structure are discussed.

182. CavalIeri G.
Nuovo Cimento, 1965, vol.35, p.1236.
ON THE MOTION OF QUANTIZED ELECTRIC FLUX LUTES
AND li()}mXISTEHCE OF MAGNETIC I:IO?.JOPOLES
By considering unphysical the motion of the B-lines
(and therefore excluding the possibility of monopoles
at their termini) a unique and covariant
description of the motion of the E-line of a single
elementary charge e is made
183. Chen li.S.C. Amer.J.Phys., 1965, vol.33, p.563.
NOTE ON THE MAGNETIC POLE
It is shown that a semiinfinitely long solenoid produces
a magnetic field similar to that of a pole, and two such
long solenoids interact to give a force acting through the
two poles with bo torque acting on the solenoid.
184. Devons S. Uspekhi Fiz.Nauk, 1965, vol.85, Iro 4, p.755.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC l\lONOPOLE (In Russian)
See
185. Dorman L.I., Okulov Yu.I. Izv.Akad.lIauk SSSR, sere
fiz., 1;165, vol.29, No 10, pp.1862-1864.
See
MOTION OF A MAGNETIC PARTICLE IN THE EARTH'S
DIPOLE FIELD (In Russian)
186. Dorman L.I., Okulov Yu.I. Bull.Acad.Sci., USSR, Phys.se]
(USA) 1965, vol.29, p.1694.
- MOTION OF A MAGNETIC PARTICLE IN: THE EARTH'S
DIPOLE FIELD

The motion of mae netic charge in the,earth's dipole field
is considered and found to be more complicated than the
usual-view in which it will follow the lines of force and
arrive at one of the poles.
187. Dorman L. I., Okulov yu. I.
1965, No 7, p.178.
Cosmic Rays, ed. Nauka,Moscov
THE ANALYSIS OF POSSIBLE EFFECTS CAUSED BY
MAGNETIC PARTICLE IN COSMIC SPACE (In Russian)
Different effects which may be caused by neutrino in
cosmic space are discussed if to assume that it has
8 scalar magnetic charge unequal to O. The value of
the neutrino charge is evaluated by the experimen-;;al
da.ta on ionization cross-section while the particles
go' through the substance. The motion of the magnetic
charge in the magnetic fields of different type occurril
in cosmic space is considered. A solution of the
on the motion of particles with any energy in the field
of the Earth's dipole is obtained. It is shovm that
for low energetic particles closed trajectories are
possible while moving in the dipole Earth's field.An
of some experiments is made to controle this
hypothesis.
188. Goldhaber A.S. Phys.Rev., vol. B140, p.1407.
ROLE OF SPIN IN THE MOnOPOLE PROBLEM
The scattering of an electric charge from a magnetic
monopole, which explicitly incorporates conservation
of angular momentum, yields a quantized version of non-
relativistic spin theory which is shown to be equivalen1
to the Dirac Theory based on a singular vector potentia]
-
189. Hagen C.R.
Phys.Rev., 1965, vol. B140, No J, p.804.
NONCOV ARIANCE OF THE DIRAC MONOPOLE
from the equations which express the divergencE
of the 11axwell field tensor and its dual in terms of thE
electric and magnetic ourrent densities, a field theory
of the Dirac magnetic monopole is constructed which is
incompatible with the requirement of Lorentz invariance
if the usual number of degrees of freedom of the electr(
magnetic field is preserved.
190. Katz E. Amer.J.Phys., 1965, vol.)), p.)06.
CONCERNING THE NUT-mER OF INDEPENDENT
VARIABLES OF THE CLASSICAL ELECTRO-
lMGNETIC FIELD
Although classical electromagnetic fields are described
by six independent functions of space and time, all
observable effects of these fields can be derived from
five components of the stress-energy tensor. Therefore,
one parameter cannot be described experimentally and
must be fixed by arbitrary convention.
191. Katz R., Butts J.J. Phys.Rev., 1965, vol.B137, p.198.
WIDTH OF ION AND MONOPOLE TRACKS nr EMULSION
The widths of .the ion tracks in emulsion are calculated
from the assumption that a developable image is formed
when the energy dosage deposited by delta rays exceeds
8 threshold value. The width of a monopole track is
given as a function of its range.
192. Kaempffer F.A. In QUAIJTUI;! TvIECHATHCS, Academic
Press, New-York and London, 1965.
See:
193. Petukhov V. Nucleus, 1965, vol.6, No 3, pp.173-178.
DIRAC MONOPOLE (In French)
.194. Schiff L.I.
pp.756-759.
Uspekhi Fiz.Nauk, 1965, vol. 86, No 4,
CLASSICAL EXAMPLES OF SPACE INVERSION AND TIME
REVERSAL (In,Russian)
195. strax N. Amer.J.Phys., 1965, vol.)), No2, pp.102-104.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES, INTERACTIONS, AND
ANG ULAR MOMENTUlJI
If magnetic monopoles were to engage in processes fully
analogous to the parity non-consering weak interaction
processes engaged in by electrically charged particles,
then the sign of angular momentum vectors would acquire
an absolute significance. This is a consequence of the
symmetry properties of electromagnetism, the sYlIunetry

properties of weak interactions, and the inequality
between the numerical value of the quantum of electric
charge and the numerical value of the quantum of magne-
tic polestrength.
196. Tassie L.J. Nuovo Cimento, 1965, vol. 38, p.1935.
DIRAC MAGNETIC lIONOPOLES AND SUPERCmmUCTIVITY
Hollow cylinders can be used to detect
magnetic monopoles, even if these particles are unchargec
by observing the change in the trapped flux
..
191. TomiIchik L.M. Vestsi Akad. Nauk Belor.SSR, sere
fiz.-mat., 1965, No 3,
DIRAC MONOPOLE ISOTOPIC INVARIANCE
(In Russian)
198. Tompkins D.R. Phys.Rev., vol.138, p.248.
TOTAL ENERGY LOSS AND CHERENKOV EMISSION
FROM MONOPOLES
Cherenkov emission and Fermi-theory energy loss of
monopoles passi11g through a permeable medium are calcu-
lated. Based on Cherenkov emission, a method of iden-
tifying fast monopoles is proposed.
199. D. , Phys.Rev., 1965, vol.B140, p.443.
SECOND METHOD OF IDENTIFYING FAST MONOPOLES
Since ioniZation and Cherenkov emission from fast mono-
poles is expected to be nearly uniform, identification
of monopoles by of the total energy loss rate
to the Cherenkov emission is proposed. This method would
200.
comI;>lement the present methods which only permit the identifi-
cation of slowed down monopoles.
Weinbertr S. Phys.Rev., 1965, 138, p.988.
, PHOTONS AND GRAVITONS IN PERTURBATION THEORY:
Although the existence of magnetic monopoles is consistent with
parity and invariance, it is nevertlleless impossibl
to construct a Lorentz-invariant S matrix for magnetic monopoles
and charges in p'erturbation theory.
201. Zwanziger D. Phys.Rev., 1965, vol.137, p.647.
202.
DIRAC MAGNETIC POLES FORBIDDEN IN S-HATRIX THEORY
The residue of the one-photon exchange pole in the
amplitude amplitude for massive particles is calculated, using
unitarity and its correspondence of particles to representations
of the proper inhomogeneous Lorentz Magnetic monopole
coupling results in a residue which contains square-root singu-
larities. Such a non-analytic term is incomp3tible with the
analyticity assumption of S-matrix theory.
Alwarez L. '''.
Proposal to NASA to Search for M;:tgnetic Honopoles
in Returnerl Samples of Hoon Surface Materail, Jan. 30, 1966.
Z03. BERKELEY NATIONAL ANNUAL REPORT, Section PIITSICS,1966,
BNL-994, pp.70-l02.
Experimental and theoretical studies on the structure and
fundamental properties of matter are described.
204. Berkowitz H., Kronenberg S. U.S. Army Electronics Command, Fort
Monmouth, N.J., Technical Report, ECON-27l0 ,1966, (unpUblished).
DIRAC MONOPOLE SEARCH
An experiment is proposed to detect matrnetic monopoles of magncti
h 137
Of J to to 1"S 10-
38
cm
2

c arge g= e 1 procuc 10n cross sec 10n
205. Carithers W.C., Stefanski R., Adair R.K.
p.l070.
SEARCH FOR HEAVY MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
Phys.Rev., 1966, vol.14
c
The discovery of an approach breakdown in time-reversal
riance in decays demands further investig:l.tion into the symmetl
properties of the fundamental inter:l.ctions. Since a simple model
of electric charge and magnetic poles leads to an electroclyn:l.mics
which is not time- reversal invariant, it essential to
extend previous concerning the possible existence
of magnetic monopoles to regions of higher monopole mass, ane] lowe
production cross section. An experiment was designerl to detect
monopoles produced in the earth's atmosphere by the primary cosmic
radiation" following a method introduced by Malkus. A solenoid
5 2
with a magnetic moment of 3 x 10 Am was used to collect monopol
moving along the earth's lines of magnetic flux and accelerate
them through scintillation counters,a spark chamber and into emul-
sions. The negative results of the search show that the monopole
-6 2
flux at the surface of the earth is less than 10 Icm year. Using
for the sake of comparison a simple model of monopole production
such that the cross section is constant above threshold,this resu1"
shows that the cross section for the production of monopoles by
interactions is less than for a
2
monopole mass M of 15 BeV/c The limit on the production of mono
poles by photonuc1eon interactions is about 10
3
times higher. In
both cases the cross-section limit varies with monopole mass
approximately as M
3

4
.
206. Dorman L.I., Okulov Yu.I. Izv. Akad.Nauk SSSR, sere fiz., 1966,
vo1.30, No 10,"
TO THE PROBLEM OF THE DIRAC MONOPOLE (In Russian)
207. Erber T. Rev.Mod.Phys., 1966, vo1.38, No 4, pp.626-659.
HIGH-ENERGY ELECTROH\GNETIC CONVERSION PROCESSES
IN INTENSE l'tAGNETIC FIELDS
General characteristics of magnetic bremsstr:l.hlung (synchrotron
radiation) are deri veel on the basis of calculations utilizint:r exac
208.
209.
relativistic matrix clements. The spectral anrl total
losses may be described by compact expressions incorpoJ'ating
radiative and quantum corrections. Comparisons of the relatjv
efficacy of matter ancl magnetic fields as
indicate that even under relatively conservative
conditions the natural conversion rates associatc(l with the
magneiic process ( i.e., 9 x 10
3
BeV/mm) tends to favour this
type of conversion over ordinary
Discussions of a similar detailed calcula-
tions, and comparisons with the proccsses in
material media - are also carried out for pair
production, direct and indirect trident casc8<les, nnd magne-
tic photon splitting. Circumstances peculiar to a of
external field radiative processes involving cooperative
vacuum polarization corrections are illustrated by a discus-
sion of magnetic Cherenkriv radiation.
Ferrell R.A.
1966.
University of Haryland, Tech.Report No 605,
l-fASS DISCONTINUITY IN THE HACNETIC
MONOPOLE STRENGTH
The limiting case of an infinite magnetic monopole
gives the Dirac strength, while the Schwinger finite mass
monopole strengths twice as large.
Frt)hlich H.
647.
Progr.Theor.Phys., 1966, vol.36, No 3, pp.636-
GENERATION OF DUAL TR.\NSFORMATION THROUGH FIELDS
IN
It is shown that a 4 dimensional integral in an infinitcsimal
region over a quantity closely with (rI,E) generates
dual transformations of electromagnetic fields H,E. The gene-
rator is of a non-local nature and h:\s ,integer eigenvalucs
which constitute a ncw; property ')f thc'c.lectromagnetic field.
Generators of translat.ions previously pre;'cnted in the Yukawa
210.
- 211.
inemoria1 issue have been found to require modification.
They now have also the form of 4 integrals in
an infinitesimal region.
Greisen K. of the ninth Conf.,
on Cosmic Rays, London, 1965. PubliRhecl by the Institute
of Physics and the Physical Society, 1966, vol.2, pp.60Q-
615.
HIGHLIGHTS IN AIR STUDIES, 1965
The present review of research on extensive air showers
focuses its attention on new approaches in those problem
areas which seem of major import to the author. First consi-
dered are new means of resolving the detailed structure,
and variability of the showers, properties which reveal
indirec,tly the physics of high energy particle behClviour
and composition of primary cosmic rays. Secondly, brief
note is made of the current state of the search for anisot-
ropy in the primary flux. The third topic is the investiga-
tion of high-energy primary gamma radiation. Fourthly,
attension is called to the recent success in detecting shower
by radio methods. Finally, new attacks are describerl on
the extension of knowledge of the primary spectrum to further
extremes of energy. The article closes by mentioning some
curious phenomena that may be expected at very high energies,
and suggesting fundamental 1imit;:}tions th;:}t may either
prevent the particle spectrum from extending much beyond 100
joules, or make the finding of such particles to be of
_ impressive significance.
Hague M.D. J. Natural Sci. Math., 1966, vol.6, p.4l.
CLOUD CHAr-mER SEARCH FOR SUB-IONIZING PARTICLES
A search of relativistic sub-ionizing particle:">, either
free magnetic poles or relativistic charged particles, pro-
duced by a radioactive source and detected by a cloud
chamber produced five it was not detel'llIined
that any of the tracks was produced by a particle.
212.
213.
214.
Jackson J.D.
York, 1966.
CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS, ed. Willey, Ne\"
ON THE QlJESTION OF MAGNETIC HONOPOLES
See ref.
Kursunoglu B. Third Coral Gables Conference on "Symmetry
Principles at Hiami, ed. by Perlmutter A.,::\.o.
San Francisco and London, 1966, pp.60-74.
SPACE-TIME SYHHETRIES, SPACE-TUm u( 3,3)
MAGNETIC CHARGE
Linson L., Pagels H.
pp. 363-3,7 4.
Ann.Phys., 1966, vol.38, No 2,
TOPOLOGY OF NULL LINES
show that for null lines along which both e h=O and
e
2
_h
2
=o the periodicity conditon on the complexion vector
is f (J<. dx =Tn where the closed circuit is about the null
line. The same periodicity condition holds for a multiply-
connected Rainich-Riemannian geometry indicating that topo-
logically distinct paths are connected with the occurrence
of null lines. In spite of the periodicity of the complexion
being 1ln instead of 271n it is possible to construct
unique electromagnetic fields from the geometry. We have e
examined several examples of static configurations of electric
and magnetic poles and find no way of ruling out the exis-
tence of magnetic poles on a geometrical basis. It is conjec-
tured that the existence of closed null lines on a space-like
hypersurface implies the presence of e1e,ctric or
fluxes trapped in the topology and furthermore that if there
is no line on a space-like hypersurface for which the field
is null then not both electric and fluxes can be
trapped in the topology on that hypersurface.
- (,T; _
215. Mirman R. Amer. J. Phys., 1966, vol.34, No 1, pp.70-7l.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES' AND INVARIANCE
216. Pearl J. Electronics, 1966, vol.39, No 12, pp.lOO-lOS.
VORTEXES ARE CREATING A STIR IN THE SUPERCONDUCTOR
FIELD
Researches are developing new types of memories, transfer-
mers and logic devices by controlling the magnetic-field
penetration of superconductors.
217. Rohrlich F. Phys.Rev., 1966, vol.ISO, p.l104.
CLASSICAL THEORY OF MONOPOLES
The field equations and the particle equations for a
classical system of n electric and n* magnetic point
charges are obtained by postulating duality invariance ann
coherence with the theory of only electric point charges.
The particle equations together with the solutions of the
field equations yield the (generalized) Lorentz-Dirac equa-
tions including ra0iatibn reaction.
,
218. Rosenbaum D. Phys.Rev., 1966, vol.147, pp.89l-89S.
PROOF OF THE IHPOSSIBILITY OF A CLASSICAL
ACTION PRINCIPLE FOR M.\GNETIC HONOPOLES AND CHARGES
laTHOUT SUBSIDIARY CONDITIONS
A proof is given that an action principle exists for the
classical electromagnetic field when its sources are both
charged particles and magnetic monopoles unless the condi-
tion that charges never touch magnetic monopoles, which
is not derivable from the action Pfinciple, is assumed.
Salam A. Phys.Letters, 1966, p.683.
AND T\vO PHOTON T:JIEORIES
OF C-VIOLATJON
A modification of the magnetic monopole theory which implies
the existence of a second "photon" could be used to incorpo-
rate a possible C-violation of electromagnetic interactions.
220. Sandars P.G.H. Contemporary Phys., 1966, vol. 7, p.4lC).
MAGNETIC
The evidence concerning the existence of magnetic
is examined. Although its discovery would cause considerable
difficulty in theoretical physics, no theoretical
its existence has been asserted.
221. Schiff L.I.
716.
Phys.Rev.Lett., 1966, vol.17, No 13, pp.714-
QUARKS AND 1>t<\GNETIC POLES
Jt is argued that if the Dirac magnetic monopole has a
finite size R, the consequent quantization of charge applies
only to the total charge of all particles within a
R of each other. Then if quarks carry third - integral
and R is of order of a classical hadron radius, quarks
move freely within hadrons but cannot escape as individuals.
222,. Schiff L.I. __ !nst. of Theor. Physics, Dept. of Physics,
Stanford Univ., ITP-239, 9/66, Stanford, California, 19q6.
QUARKS AND l-lI\GNETIC POLES
_See ref.
223. Schwinger J.
1093.
Phys.Rev., 1966, vol.144, No 4, pp.1087-
MAGNETIC CHARGE AND QUANTUH FIELD THEORY
quantum field theory of magnetic and electric is
constructed. It is verified to be relativistically invariant
in consequence of the charge quantizlltion condition eg/hc=n,
an integcr. This is more restrict than the Dirac's condition,
which would also allow half-integral values.
Third Coral Gables Conference on "Symmetry
at nigh Energy", Minmi, erl. by Perlmutter A., n.o.,
San Francisco London, 1966, pp.233-248.
MAGNETIC CHARGE AND QUANTUH FI ELD THEORY
see ref.
,225. Schwinger J. Phys.Rev., 1966, vol.15l, p.1048.
ELECTRIC- AND r.tI\GNETIC-CIIARGE RENORHALIZATION. I
An important-question in the field theory of electric ann
magnetic charge is the relntive renormalization. A general
view of renormalization, as a scale change introduced in
proceeding from the field to the'particle level of descrip-
. tion, indicates the universality of charge renormalization.
226. Schwinger J. Phys.Rev., 1966, vol.15l, pp.1055-l057.
ELECTRIC- AND II
Further evidence for the universality of charge renormaliza-
tion is derived by the photon rarliation and the
static interaction of prescribed transverse currents.
227. Schwinger J. Phys.Rev., 1966, vol.152, p.12l9.

,PARTICLES AND SOURCES
It is proposed that the phenomenological theory of particles
be based on the nsource concept, which is abstracted from
- the physical possibility of creating or annihilnting any par-
ticle in a suitable collision.
228. Tevikyan R.V. Sov.Phys.- English Transl.: JETP, 1966,
vol.23., p.606.
QUANTUM THEORY OF A PARTICLE lVITII ELECTRIC AND
MAGNETIC CHARGES
The quantum theory of a spinor particle with electric
e ,scalar magnetic charge g, intrinsic mngnctic moment
229.
e/2m, and intrinsic electric moment g/2m is investigated
rhe scalar magnetic charge results in nonconserv3tion of
the P and T.
Tevi:tkyan R..V.
pp.9ll-9l4.
Zh. Eksp. i Teor.Fiz., 1966, vol. 50, No 4,
'QUANTUH THEORY OF A PARTICLE WITH AN ELECTRIC
AND MAGNETJ C CHARG E
Quantum theory of a spinor particle which simult,'lneously
possesses an electric charge e and magnetic charge g
is investigated. In this case the particle has a proper
magnetic moment e/2m and the electric moment g/2m, the
magnitudes of the electric and magnetic charges being
arbotrary. Due to the presence of a scalar magnetic charge
in the particle P and T-parities are violated.
230. Tevikyan R.V.
pp.79l-794.
Zh. Eksp. i Teor. Fiz., 1966, vol. 51, No 3(9)J

DUAL INVARIANCE IN ELECTRODYNAHICS
The interaction between a spinor particle with the
electric and magnetic charges with electromagnetic
field is considered. If it be assumed that the wave-
_.- "
function of the particle is related to the electron wave-
function via dual rotation, it follows quantum
electrodynamics is dually invariant. This signifies that
" ,
'the particlr electric and magnetic charges are unobser-
vable quantities. Experimentally only the sum of the
squares of the electric and magnetic charges can be
If the charges are scalar then P and T parities
also cannot be observed separately. Only C nnd PT have
a physical meaning. Consequences of the assumption that
an intermediate boson posseses definite equal values of
magnetic
; .... -t':',:Jt:.c-:idcrccf.
---------
vorontsov V. I . Izvestia vuzov SSSR, sere fiz., 1966,
No 1, pp.68-74.
VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE IN DUAL RELATIVISTIC
ELECTRODYNAMICS (In Russian)
Relativistic electrodynamics is supplemented with a
"field-current equivalence princi pIe" generalizing a
principle, which is widely used in radio-physics. With
this the demand of the Lagrange function invariance
concerning both Lorentz transformations and dual trans-
formations which generalize Larmour-Pistolcorse principle
of duality is achieved.
232. WentzelG. Suppl.Prog.Theor.Phys.,(Kyoto), vol.
37-38,pp.163-174.
COMMENTS OlJ DIRAC t S THEORY OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
Diracts modified field-vector potential relation is
discussed and elaborated in various directions, e.g.,to
include the case of a monopole wave-packet. A way to
incorporate monopoles into Tomonaga's
dynamics is pointed out. Contributions from virtual
pole-antipole pairs are discussed with the use of duality
aspects.
233. Yan
1351.
Phys.Rev., 1966, vol.150, No 4, pp.1349-
MAGNETICALLY CHARGED FIELDS WITH INTEGER SPIN
Schwingerts field theory of magnetic charge is extended
to the case of charged fields with spin 0 or 1. A double
limiting process is employed in redefining the enorgy
densities of the charged fields in order to satisfy rela-
tivistic invariance.
234. Zumino B. STRONG AND WEAK INTERACTIONS-PRESENT PROBLETJS,
Proceedings of Int. School of Physics, "Ettore Mnjorana",
Italy, Ed. Zich;i.chi, N.Y., pp.711-773.
RECEn'l' IN THE THEORY OF
MAGNETICALLY CUA11GED PAH'l'ICLES
A review of the theory of maGnetic mOl!opoles oLd rela-
tivistic theory of the interactio!l be t'ileer: electrical-
ly and magnetically charGed parlicles is [;i'/C11.
1967
235. Barut A.O. and Kleinert H. - of the Fourth
Coral Gables Conference on Symmetry Principles at illCh
Energies, ed. by A. and B. Kursunoglu, Free:-tl2.n,
San Francisco and London, 1967, pp.76-105.
THE SOLUTIO:; OF RELATIVISTIC lJISCRETEI:IJ..3S
PROBLEE WITH INTERNAL DEGREES OF FREEJOT.I A:m
FURTHER DEVELO?I:lEHTS
236. Carstoiu J. Compt.Rend.,Acad.Sci., 1967, vol.265,
No 16, pp.8JJ-8J6.
ELECTRO:;)YNAI'.IICS: OF PARTICLES H..;' ;JI!:G
MAGNETIC CHARGE IN ELECTRDI'.iAGlTETIC FIE1:;}
Dorman L.I., Okulov Yu.I. Geomagnetism a::-:d Aeronomy
(R us s. ), 1:967, vol. 7, lJ 0 1, p p. 1 7 J -1 74.
MAXIMUM EnERGY OF MONOPOLE IIi THE FIELD OF THE
EARTH'S MAGNETIC DIPOLE
(In Russian)
238. Dorman L.I., Okulov Yu.I. Geomagnetism and Aeronomy
(RUSS.), 1967, vol.7, No 2, pp.269-277.
MONOPOLE MOTION IN THE MAGNETIC DIPOLE FIELD
(In Russian)
It is shown, that the theory of the magnetic charge
motion a dipole field differs from the
same problem for electric charges. In particular, the
..,
notion of hardness of cutting-off and the Shtcrmer
cone do not have sehee for monopole. 'An allowed cone
is introduced for magnetic particles. The function of
magnetic distribution in a dipole field is found.
239. Dowker Roche J.A.
p.1.
Proc.Phys.Soc., vol.92,
THE GRAVITATIONAL ANALOGUES OF MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
The analogy between gravitation and electromagnetic
theory is used to obtain, for linearized gravitation
theory, an analog of the magnetic monopole, which yieltis
a quantization of mass. If an analogy between spin and
charge is made Einstein's theory must be modified to
obtain an analogue of the magnetic monopole.
240. Epstein K.J.
pp.255-256.
Phys.Rev.Lett., 1967, vol.1S, No 7,
GENERALIZATION OF ELECTROTiIAGlJETIC POTElTTIALS
A restricted generalization of the vector potential
t. and the scalar potential '-f is demonstrated for the
cases where V B '# O.
241. Green P.J., Tompkins D.R., Williams R.E. Bull.Am.Phys.
Soc., 1967, sere II, vol.12, No 2,
SEA-LEVEL COSMIC-RAY SEARCH FOR FAST SIMi.LL-POLE
STRENGTH !vffi.GNETIC CHARGES
See ref.
242. Green P.J. II, Louisiana State University and Agricul-
tural and Mechanical College, 1967, (Ph. D. Thesis).
SEA-LEVEL COSMIC-RAY SEARCH FOR
FAST SMALL-POLE STRENGTH MAGNETIC CHAHGES
The Cherenkov emission for a fast magnetic charge is
enhanced by the medium's refractive index squared relutiv
to that for a similar pole strength electric charge,
whereas the ionization energy loss expected to be the
same. This was used in an experiment which
yielded an upper limit on the flux of magnetic charGes
4.0 x 10-
6
cm-
2
sec -1 ster-
1

243. Kaernpffer F.A. CONCEPTS IN QUANTUM MECHANICS (In llusoial
,
English Transl., ed. Mm, Moscow, 1967, pp.203-205.
See ref.
244. Kolrn H. H.
Phys.Today, 1967, vol:20, :l1o 10, p.69.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN DEEP-SEA
SEDIMElTT
A portable 170-kG pulsed magnet was used to extract mono-
poles from dee?-sea sediment. No particles were found
corresponding to the _ monopoles predicted by Dirac.
245. Lehnert B. DYNAMICS OF CHARGED PARTICLES (In Russian)
English Translation. Atomizdat, Moscow, 1S67, pp.42-44.
See ref.
246. Leiter D.J.
p.1056.
Bull. Amer. Physo Soc., 1967, vol.12, No 7,
CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS THEORY OF ELE1'lENTARY
MEASUREMENT
A classical relativistic theory of electrodynamics is
developed where the absolute concept of an elementary
particle is replaced by the operational concept of
elementary __ measurement. Maxwell's equations are rein-
terpreted as identities within the context of the theory.
The relantionaship of this theory to a wave mechanical
version of it will be briefly discussed and a consistent
generalization of it to include the presence of magnetic
monopoles will be exhibited. The implications of this
.
approach in regard to the existence or non-existence
of magnetic monopoles are developed.
247. Maltsev V.M. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, sere sci.-pop. bookle
fiz.-astr., Izd. ZNANIE, Moscow, 1967, No 9, pp.54-61.
DIRAC MONOPOLE
248. Mcintosh H. V.
p.699.
.Bull.Amer.Phys.Sic., 1967, vol.12, No 5,
DEGENERACY OF THE IM.GNETIC MONOPOLE
The schrodinger equations for most of the soluble problems
of quantwn mechanics show accidental degeneracy far beyond
that required by their geometrical symmetry, which is
spherical for central force problems. The H atom and
harmonic oscillator are the best knovm examples of this
phenomenon, 0
4
occurring as a dynamical symmetry group
in the first case, SU
J
in the second. These two groups
are latent symmetry groups for all three-dimensional
single-particle systems. In the presence of magnetic
fields it is necessary to couple geometrical s;ymrnetry
transformations with gauge transformations, leading to
modified symmetry operators and conservation laws which
take the field into account. The motion of a charged.
particle in the field due to a magnetic monopole exampli-
fies such problems; moreover the field of a charged mono-
pole provides bound states which are accidentally dege-
nerate for certain force laws. Even in the absence of
degeneracy the spectrum shows a multiplet whi:h
owes its existence to an SU
J
group.
249. Peres A. Phys.Rev. Letters, 1S67, vol.1S, pp.50-51.
SIllGULAR STRING OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The significance of the "string" attached to the Dirac
magnetic monopole is reviewed and the mechanism proposed
by Schiff, to explain the absence of free quarks in
nature, is shown to be invalid.
250. Potupa A.S., strazhev V.I. Tomilchik P.M.
Lab.of Theor.
Phys., Inst. of Phys., Acad. of Science Belorussk. SSR,
Minsk t 1 ';)67.
DUAL INVARIANCE IN ELECTRODYNAMICS
(In Russian)
An attempt is made to perform successively a inter-
pretation of the dual invariance in electrodynamics
. and to 'consider this symmetry in conformi ty wi th
some concrete problems to ground quantum electrodyna-
mics.
251. New Scientist, 1S167, yol.33, No 534, p.413.
QUARKS AND ISOLATED MAGlJETIC POLES
252. Schiff. Phys.Rev., 1967, vol.160, p.1257.
QUARKS AND MAGNETIC POLES
A mechanism is proposed for the apparent ability of
quarks to move freely within hadrons even though
individual quarks have not been observed. The Qechanism
is based on Diracfsuse of a magnetic pole to account
for charge quantization. Such a pole should have some
finite size R, and then quantizes or.ly the total charge
of all particles within a distance R of each other.
See ref.
253. schwir:ger J. Uspekhi Fiz. Nauk, 1967, '101.91, 1,
pp.49-59.
'RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM FIELD THEORY

(In Russian)
254. Taylor J. G. Phys.Rev.Letters, 1967, vol.1S, p.713.
NONCLASSICAL THEORY OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
A strictly nonclassical model of magnetic monopoles,
which may be used to violate CP invariance, and makes
monopoles far more invisible than expected is presented.
\ .. 255. Taylor J. G. Preprint Oxford University,
QUARKS AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
256. Tevikyan R.V.
vol.2, p.J.
Izv.Akad.Nauk Arm.SSR, Ser.Fiz.,
INVARIANT THEORY OF INTERACTION WITHOUT
POTENTIALS (In Russian)
Without using potentials, a system of scalar particles
interacting by the Yang-Mills fields is investigateci
assuming that each particle has electric and magnetic
.
charges. A quantum electrodynamics wi th magl.1etic mono-
poles is constructed, and the electromagnetic interaction
of the charged vector boson is investigated.
251. Tevikyan R.V. Nucl.Phys., 1967, vol. B1, p.79.
QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS WITH MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
"
Dirac has considered the possibility of building quantum
mechanics with a magnetic mor;opole; but is is shmvn that
Dirac's theory does not describe a magnetic monopole, so
a quantum electrodynamics wi th a magnetic mor.opole is
constructed.
258. Veselago V. G. Zh. Eksp. i Teor. Fiz., vol.52,
No 4, pp.1025-1026
. PROPERTIES OF A MIXTURE OF
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGES (In Russian)
It is shown that a set of magnetic monopoles may possess
at low frequencies a negative magnetic permeability. A
mixture of a gas-plasma and such monopoles may also
possess a negative value of the dielectric permitivity.
It is shown that in such a mixture light pressure is
replaced by light attraction.
259. Yan T.M . Phys.Rev., 1967, p.142).
'.'
. MAGNETIC CHARGE AND GElillRAL RELATIVITY
The compatibility of the.magnetic charge concept with
general relativity is examined, using Schwinger's
field theory of magnetic charges and his formula-
tion of the quantized gravitational field.
260. Yan T.M. Phys.Rev., 1967, vol.160, p.1182.
CLASSICAL THEORY OF MAGHETIC CHARGE
A classical theory of magnetic charge is formulated
on the basis of an action principle. It is an exten-
sion of Schwinger's quantum theory of magnetic charge
to the classical level.
1968
261. Amaldi E.
OLD AND NEW PROBLE:.1S III ELEMEN
r
rJJ1Y PARTICLES.
, .
Vol. dedicated to G.Bernardini ,Academic Press, New-York
l
1968, pp.1-61.
ON THE DIRAC MAGNETIC POLES
Predicted properties of monopoles are summarized, experi-
ments described and Dirac's theory reviewed.
262. Amaldi E. A COLLECTION TO G. BERITARDINI' S SIXTIETH
ANNIVERSARY (In Russian). Izd. IlTOSTRA1JIJAYA LITERA'rURA,
MoscoW', 1968.
263. Burguladze A.A., l'.,qamidzhanyan E.A. ,Ashton F., King J.,
Smit N.I. Report at the All-Union Conf. on Cosmic Ray
Physics, Tashkent
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN COSMIC RAYS
(In Russian)
264. Calcin M. G. Phys. Lett., 1968, vol. 28.4., :Jo 1, p.45.
GENERALIZATION OF THE DIRAC'S RELATION BETWEEH
THE ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGE CTRENGTHS
A generalization of Dirac's relation between the electric
and magnetic charge strengths invariant under duality
transformations is obtained.
265. Ch.A.
933.
Can.J.Phys.,1968, vol.46, No 8, pp.929-
ELECTRODYNAMICS WITHOUT POTEIJTIALS
By ascribing a mass to the photon a Lagrangian formulatic
of is obtained without the use of potenti
a1s. In the limit of the mass going to zero the standnrd
results of are obtained. A unique method
for calculating the commutator for an electron and a
magnetic monopole also results.
-( .
266. Domogatski G.V.,Zhelcznykh I.M. Report at the AII-Unior
Conference on Cosmic Ray Physics, Tashkent, 1')68.
HOT MODEL OF UNIVERSE AND MAGNE'fIC
CHARGE PROBLEM (In Russian)
267. Engels S. Priroda No J, p.12').
DO MAGNETIC CHARGED PARTICLES EXIST?
(In Russian)
268. Hurst C.A. Ann. Phys. Y. ) , 1 vol. 50, pp. 51
CHARGE QUANTIZATION AnD NONIlJTEGRAELE
LIE ALGEBRAS
The schrodinger equation for the motion of an electric
charge in the field of a magnetic monopole is
to see how the quantization of the interaction
follows from the requirement of rotational invariance.
269. Hurst C.A. Proceedings of the Fifth Coral Gables
Conference on Symmetry Principles of High Energies,
Uni versi ty of 1,1i ami, 1968, edi t ed by A. perlmu t t er,
C.Anglas Hurst, and B.Kursunoglu,Benjamin, New York,
1968, pp.105-113.
CHARGE QUANTIZATION AND NON-INTEGRABLE
LIE ALGE&TtAS
See ref.
270. Jehle H. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS AND FmJDAMENTAL PARTICLES,
Lectures in Theoretical Physics, vol.XB.Eds. Asim O.Bnru
and Wesly E.Brittin, 1968, pp.673-684.
r
FLUX QUANTIZATION, CHARGE QUANTIZATION AND
THE ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTION CONSTAN'f
271. Katsev V. P. MAGNET FOR THREE THOUSAND YEARS (In
Moscow, Atomizdat, M., 1968, p.72.
272. Kolrn H.H. Science J., 1968, vol.4, No 9, pp.60-66.
MAG:1ETIC MONOPOLES
A new search is being carried out for an elementary
particle which is in effect a lone magnetic pole. First
predicted by Dirac, the particle has been neither
observed nor explained away in three decades of ef.:l..'ort.
273. Kukanov A.B. Optika i Spektroskopia, USSR, 1968, vol.
XXIV, No 4, pp.614-616.
ON THE THEORY OF VAVILOV-CHERENKOV RADIATIO:'T
DUE TO A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE ( In Russian)
274. McIntosh H.V., Cisneros A. Bull.Amer. Phys. Soc. , 1968,
ser.II, vol.1), 6, p.909.
MOTION OF A CHARGED PARTICLE In THE FIELD OF A
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
The placement of a magnetic monopole at the origin of an
electrostatic central force has the primary effect of
confinding the motion to the surfacr of a cone, rather
than a plane. In order to retain the closed orbits typical
of the harmonic oscillator and Kepler problems one may
postulate a potential proportional to the
square of the magnetic pole strength to retain the "acci-
dental" degenera.cy of those potentials. The Kepler motion
is particularly interesting inasmuch as the particle still
moves in a plru1e, which does not contain the attracting
center. There is a conserved ntotal" angular momentum D,
and a Runge vector based on D; together they generate an
0/4/ group. Curiously, no wave functions have 0 total
angular momentum, and the ground state is triply degene-
rate if one accepts Schwinger's minimum monopole rather
than Dirac's. If one considers a pair of charged monopoles,
each with arbitrary electric and magnetic charge, and both
the repulsive centrifugal he finds the classi-
cal and quantum mechanical problems b9th separate in
ellipsoidal coordinat/es. The repulsi vepotential is so
strong that it prevents the particle spiralling
..
-b'o-
around the magnetic field lines, while its dependence
on the square of the pole strength precludes forming
a magnetic dipole as a limiting case.
275. Mitchell T.P., Burns J.A.
J.Math.Phys., vol.9,
No 12, pp.2016-2017.
RELATIVISTIC DYNAMICS OF A POINT CHARGE IN
A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE FIELD
This paper derives and interprets the of the
charge's motion. The physical meaning of these constants
and their use in discussing the over-all motiOll of the
charge are presented.
276. Palmer R.F., Taylor J.G.
pp.10.33-1034.
Nature, vol.21S, No 5158,
MAGNETIC CHARGE OF THE PROTOn AIID
If monopoles exist with any value of magnetic charge,
then the first place to search for them is in
matter. The upper limits on the magnetic charge of
the known elementary particles are then calculated.
277. Peres A. Phys.Rev., 1568, vol.167, N05, p.1449.
ROTATIONAL IliVARIANCE OF MAGlTETIC J.TOHOPOLES
The Schwinger quantization relation for magnetic charges
g=nhc/e Cn integer), is derived by group-theoretical
methods, from the requirements of rotational invariance
and gauge invariance without resorting to "Singular
strings" of magnetic monopoles.
278. Porter B.A. Nature, 1968, vol.217, pp.329-331.
DffiECTED EMISSION MODEL FOR QUASARS
If the large emission of energy from quasars is assumed
to be. unidirectional, it. is probably necessary to invoke
particles such as the magnetic to explain
the acceleration of cosmic-rays.
279. potupa A.S., Strazhev V.I., Tomiichik L.M. Vestsi
Akad. Nauk Belorussk. SSR, sere fiz.-mat.,
DUAL iJ.RIANCE IN ELECTRODYITAllIICS AS A DllITARY
SYMMETRY (In Russian)
It is shovm, that Maxwell-Lorentz electrodynamics assumes
the existence as a symmetry group, of a one-parameter
group of generalized dual transformations of the locally
isomorphous D(I). Charge, density of energy field and
Lorentz force are the invariants of this group. The
avalability of such a group forbids the existence of two
observed charges ( electric and magnetic ones), and allows
one to solve the known problem of inadequacy between a
number of independent field components and an amount of
tensor components of the electromagnetic
field. On the possibility of the existence of a latent
symmetry group which is more wide than D(I) is pointed out.
280. Potupa A.S., Strazhev V.I., Tomirchik Vestsi Akad.
nauk Beloreussk. SSR, sere fiz.-mat., 1968, Ho 2,pp.126-128
TO THE PROBLEM OF SECOND CHARGE IN DDAL-INVA..'CUAHT
ELECTRODYNAMICS (In Russian)
On the basis of an operational metric form model an attempt
is made to build the systems of self-consistent quantiza-
tion" of fields and charges in dual-invariant electrodyna-
mics. It is managed to introduce charge quantization and
to obtain the equality on modulus of the electric charges
of all charged stable particles. The relation of the
DiraC-Schwinger type between the values of the electric
and magnetic charges appears as uncertainty relation, what,
in fact, means the prohibition to monopole discovery.
Fractional charges are also forbidden due to the universa-
lity of coupling constant.
281. Potupa A.S., Strazhev v.i., Tomifchik L.M; Doklady Akad.
Nauk vol.12, No 8, pp.690-692.
DUAL INVARIANCE AND MINIMAL QUANTITY OF
ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTION (In Russian)
282. Schwinger J. Phys.Rev., 1968, vol.173,
SOURCES AND MAGTITETIC CHARGE
A beginning is made on a pnenomenological recor:strucLion
of the theory of magnetic charge using the that
ordinary matter is a magnetically neutral composite of
magnetically charged particles that carry fractional elect-
ric charge. There is a brief discussion of such a mngneti'c
model of strongly interacting particles, which makes
contact with empirical classification schemes.
283. Strazhev V. I., Tomil)chik L.M. Vestsi Akaa.Hauk Belorussk.
SSR, 1968, sere fiz.-mat., No 2, pp.102-108.
TO THE PROBLETII OF DUAL-INVARIANT ELECTRODYNAI.1ICS
Classical electrodynamics with field magnitudes and charges
which are invariant relatively to a one-parameter 0:'
generalized dual transformations, where two types of photo!::
and charges are possible is built. It is shown, that dUcl-
invariance condition leads to zero equality of photon mass.
A new preservation law is connected with a possibility of
existence of two types of photons. Generalization of the
discrete operations P,T,C,M is given. Possible
of the dual-ir.variance disturbance are discussed.
"'---
284. Taylor J.G. Lectures in Theoretical High Energy Physics,
Ed. by H.H.Aly, London-Hew-York -Sydney, 1568, pp.25-50.
PC AND T VIOLATION
285. Usachev yu.D. Report at the VIII-th All-Union Interuniv .
Conf. on the Theory of Elementary Particles,
286. Vant-Hull L. L. Phys.Rev., 1968, vol.173, pp.1412-1413.
EXPERIMENTAL UPPER LIMIT on THE MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
MOMENT OF ELECTRONS ,PROTONS ,AND HEUTRONS,UTILIZING
A SUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM INTERJ.i'EROMETER
A superconductine quantum interferometer io shown to be
capable of directly detecting charee. In sample
gree of Dirac monopoles, div B is determined to be'
less than 1.2 x 10-
14

287. Yakimenko M.n., Petukhov V.A. THE WORLD SEEN BY A YOUlTG
SCIENTIST, Fiz.-mat.mekh., Izd. HAUYJ\, Moscow, pp.2'j-
36.
ON THE DIRAC MONOPOLE
288. Yan T. M. Thesis, Harvard University, 1j68.
289. Zrelov V.P. VAVILOV-CHERENKOV RADIATION AND ITS APPLICA-
TIOn FOR HIGH E:NERGY PHYSICS (In Russian), ATOMIZDAT,
MOscow, 1968, part 1, p.270.
290. Zwanziger D. Phys.Rev., 1j68, vol.176, pp.1480-1488.
EXACTLY SOLUBLE IJONRELATIVISTIC MODEL OF PA ..
WITH BOTH ELECTRIC AND :MAGHETIC CHARGES
The quantum-mechanical problem of the interaction of two
particles, eagh with arbitrary electric and magnetic chargef
is considered.-The Dirac charge quantization condition
causes electromagnetic interactions to be characterized
by two free parameters: the electronic charge e tv (137) -1/2 l
and the electic charge of the magnetic monopole, whose
absolute magnitude is not fixed and thus defined a second
elementary quantum of electric charge.
291. Zwanziger D. Phys.Rev., 1968, vol.176, No 5,
QUANTUM FIELD THEORY OF PARTICLES WITH BOTH ELECTRIC
.
AND MAG1"ETIC CHARGES
The quantum field theory of particles with both electric
and magnetic charges is developed as an obvious extension
of Schwinger fS quantum field theory of particles with
either electric or magnetic charce.The general oolution
leads to the introduction of a second elcrncntar.y quantum
of electric. charge e
z
' the elec tric churgc or; Lhe u:i.rac
monopole t, bcsides the first elementury charge e, the
charge on the electron.
1969
292. Alwarez L.W., Eberhard P.H., Ross R.R., watt H.J.,
University of California Radiation Luboratory, UCR1-1S'440,
Berkeley, 1969. "
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN TIm IJUIJ.t'L:l.
SAMPLES OF APOLLO 11
An electromagnetic search for magnetic monopoles 0: the
minimum size predicted by Dirac or of any larger magnitude,
has been performed on 8.37 kg of lunar surl"ace material
returned by the Apollo 11 crew. No monopole '.'las :'OUl'!c .
This experiment sets new limi ts on the product:..o:'1 cross
section for monopoles, and on their occurrence in cossie
radiation.
293. Ashton F., Burguladze A.A., King J., Smi t H. I. ,I-::amidzt.aryen
Phys. Sere (Transl. Engl.) ,1 ::;69, vol. JJ, pp.1638-
1660.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN COSMIC RAYS
294. Ashton F., Burguladze A.A., King J., Smit N.I., Mamidzhanyan
. Izv. Akad.1Tauk SSSR, sere fiz., 1 S;69, vol. 33,
No 11, p p . 1 8 1 1 1 8 1 ~ .
SEAHCH FOR MAGNETIC MOlrOPOLES IN COSMIC RAYS
(In Russian)
See ref.
295. Barkov L.M., Martemjanov V.P., ogurtsov V.V., Tarasenkov V.G
Khakimov C.Kh. Inst. Atom. Energ., IAE-1856, M09cow,1SJ69.
DIRAC MONOPOLE(In Russian)
Basic properties of the Dirac monopole and the experiments
on the search for monopoles at high-energy particle accele-
rators are discussed.
296. Barut A.O., Baiquni A.
pp.1342-1344.
Phys.Rev., vol.184, No 5,
THEORY OF THE RELATIVISTIC H ATOM AND
POSITRONIU1'.1
It is shown that a relativistic wave
equation correctly describes the relativistic effects in
H atom including the motion of the nucleus. An exact
mass formula for the singlet t =n-1 leve Is of posi troni ll.'11
is derived.
291. Barut A. o. Preprint University of Colorado,
PROTON FACTOR, riLAGNETIC CHAJ?GES AID
DYO=UUIif
Extensive references about magnetic charges can be found
in this paper.
298. Carstoiu J.
pp.860-863.
Compt.Rend., Acad.Sci., vol.269, No 18,
ELECTRODYNAMICS: ON THE EXISTEiJCE OF A MAGNETIC
CHARGE: A CURIOUS ROLE OF THE AnGLE OF SIGNAL
(In French)
299. Carstoiu J.
pp.1109-1112.
Compt.Rend., Acad.Sci., vol.269, No 22,
GRAVITATION: ON POTENTIAL ENERGY OF TWO ELECTRIC
PARTICLES: CORRECTION TO THE CLASSICAL TIillOI?Y OF
RELATIVITY
r tJ,' \((1
-. \}. '-'II
-_I. ... n .... ("
300. Cherenkov P.A., Tamm Frank I.M. THE NOBEL LEe TUim:
301.
302.
Fizmatizd., MOscow,

Coombes Ch.A.
73.
Canad.J.Phys., 1969, vol.47, No 1, pp.71-
PSEUDOSCALAR CHARGE DENSITY
It is shown that a true pseudoscalar charge density
a lJ"yJ which has opposi te signs in two regions - can
exist. This fact is accomplished by allowing a parity
transformation, for which p*P=-1, and by making the
operation of hermitian adjoint differ by a minus sign
in the two regions. The calssical explanation is ac -
complished by requiring a change in the sign convention
used in the two regions connected by the inversion
process.
Dadykin V.L., Lebedev P.N.
USSR, 1969, no 117
Inst.Acad.Sci., Report,
A METHOD FOR SEA..!{CHDm FOR DIRAC 1 S MATHEI'.I1dICAL
MONOPOLES (In Russian)
This paper discusses an idea of an experiment to search
for monopoles. If we assume that only energetic
monopoles reach the Earth, and the cross-section of the
catestrofic energy losses by monopoles is so small that
the monopoles can't slow down in higher layers of the
. Earth the result of the previously papers must be revisoo
so that the upper limit of monopoles' flux be
In addition, these results are not free from uncertaintie:
connected with the behaviour of monopoles slowing down
in substence. Therefore an attempt to detect relativistic
monopoles in cosmic rays may be of some interest. This
work suggests that, detecting Cherenkov radiation of
monopoles in air. The arrangement is to be placed in a
salt mine at depth of more than some tens of m under-
ground. A single 6 ,;t. diameter photomultiplier views
'V10 m
2
of area of detection; the number of photons on
a photocathode is more than 500. To distiguish monopoles
from showers produced by muons the godoscope consisted
of Geiger's counters for t detecting the showor oizeo
is used.
In addition to a pure search this arrangement can be
used for the investigation of the extensive showers
produced by muons.
30). Domogatskii G.V., Zheleznykh I.M.
vol.10, pp.1238-1242.
HOT UNIVERSE MODEL AND THE DIRAC LIOEOPOLE PROELS;;:
(In Russian)
The .concentration of magnetic charGes is calculated
in the framework of the Hot Universe The res-
trictions on the value of the monopole-antimoropole
annihilation cross section and also on the mass of the
monopole can be obtained by comparing the calculated
concentration of the monopoles in cosmic ray witfi experi
mental data.
304. Domogatskii G.V., Zheleznykh I.fiT. Phys.Ser.
1969,
HOT UNIVERSE MODEL AND THE DIRAC I.iOnOPOLE
See ref.
305. Domogatskii G.V.,Zheleznykh I.M. Izvestia Akad.Nauk SSSR,
sere fiz., 1969, vol.)3, No 11, pp.1792-1795.
HOT UNIVERSE MODEL AND THE DIRAC MONOPOLE
PROBLEM(In Russian)
See refs.
306. Efinger H.J.
741.
Amer.J.Phys., 1969, vol.)7, No 7, pp.740-
AN INSTRUCTIVE MODEL FOR THE QUANTIZATION OF
MAG1TETIC MONOPOLES
The properties of magnetic monopoles which are placed
into an electric field are studied. The model is treated
following the of Landau'G
diamagnetism. However, the role of electricity and
magnetism are interchanged. We obtain Dirac's value
the monopole strength and find that the total charge
which serveS as a source for the electric field is to
be quantized in accordance with Dirac's prediction.
)07. Efinger H.J. Bull. AIDer. Phys. Soc., 1969, sere II, vol. 14,
No 4, p.579.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
Following the pattern of Landau's theory of diamagnetism
it is shown that the quantization of the electric charge
and Dirac's value for the strength of hypothetically
assumed magnetic monopoles can easily be deri
1
red.
)08. Efinger H.J. Physica, 1969, vol.44, Ho 4, pp.621-622.
A . NOTE on THE QUANTUM THEORY OF ELECTRIC AND
MAGNETIC CHAI"1GES
A quantization rule for the product of electric and
magnetic charges can be easily obtained from Schrodin-
ger's equation which is solved under the condition that
an electrf9 charge is interacting with a uniform magne-
tic field produced by a plane. sheet of magnetic charge.
)09. Feld B. T. MODELS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES. Blaisdell publ,
company, Waltham,
)10. Fleischer R.L., Price P.B., Woods R.T.
pp.1398-1401.
Phys.Rev., 1969,
SEARCH FOR TRACKS OF MASSlVE,MULTIPLY CHi\RGED
MAGNETIC POLES
Massive magnetic monopoles of charge ?{fc/e (twice
Diracts value of the minimum pole strength ond holf of
Schwinger's) would leave tracks in natural minerals,
provide'd they arrive at the earth wi th sufficient
energy. In order to test porter's hypothesis that
q cosmic-ray particles of energy> 1017 eV are (or
. \,
include) magnetic monopoles, samples of mica and of
obsidium have been scanned for the distincti're, long
particle tracks which would have been stored over
geological times. The failure to find monopole
- sets an upper limit ( 90% confidence) of 1.2 x 10-
1
9
monopoles per cm
2
sec for penetrating monopoles
incident upon the earth and rules out Porter's hypo-
thesis for the charge and mass rauge within which
poles would have been detected.
I
)11. Fleisher R.L., Hart H.R., Jacobs I.S., Price P.B.,
)12.
Schwarz VI.M., Woods R.T., Aumento F., Goodell H.G.,
Proceedings of the Il-th International Conference on
Cosmic Rays, Budapest, vol.3, High Energy Interac-
tions Extensive Air Showers. pp.27-30.
SEARCH FOR COSMIC MAGNETIC MOlWPOLES
A search for magnetic monopoles in nature has been made
in order: 1) to try to establish whether they exist ana
2) to test whether the high energy componer..t of cos:nic
rays ( > 1017 eV could be cosmic monopoles. We have
searched old magnetic materials from ocean bottoms for
cosmic monopoles which 'wvould have been trapped
being slowed to termal velocities by the earth's atmos-
ohere and the ocean. We have also searched old materials
for tracks of energetiC monopoles. From the failure to
1q
observe monopoles in the energy range up to 10 ev unless
the monopoles possess a mass > 150 ( proton masses)
and a magnetic pole strength of < (i.e. half
the minimum charge inferred by SCHWINGER). With this
limitation the flux of monopoles onto the earth is less
than 1/2 monopole/cm
2
(age of the earth).
Fleischer R.L., Hart.H.rr., Jacobs I.S., Price P.B.,
Schwarz W.M., Aumento F. Phys.Rev., 1969,
'SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN DEEP OCEAN DEPOSITS
,.,.'\
-r-" -
High-field magnets and solid-state track detectors
have been used in an endeavour to extract and observe
magnetic monopoles from ferromanganese pavement that
was deposited at the bottom of the North Atlantic Ocean
during the last 16 million years. The failure to observe
. poles sets new and restrictive limi ts on the abuTldance
of monopoles and upon their production cross sectioL.
For proton-nuc leon are ::: 10-
42
cm
2
if the monopole
mass is one proton mass mp and 2 x 10-
J4
cm
2
at 1000 mp
Any magnetic charge up to 60 times Diracts value of
could have been detected. The flux of reachir.g
the ocean floor is less than 4 x 10-
18
/cm
2
sec./-
1
at
the ::'0% confidence level, so that no portion of the cosmic
1
u
-ray energy spectrum up to 10 J eV is composed domi-
nantly of magnetic monopoles.
313. Fleischer R.L.,.Jacobs I.S., Schwarz W.hl., Price P.B.,
Goodell H.G. Phys.Rev., 1965, vol.1?7, IIo 5,
SEARCH FOR MULTIPLY CHA..RGED DIRAC 1;L4.GNETIG POLES
A 265000 g pulsed magnet and plastic track detectors
have been used to extract and observe magr:etic mOLopoles
from manganese nodules formed on the floor of the Southern
Ocean. Because of their low growth rate, these nodules
compress a long period of possible monopole
into small volumes of material,makir:g
possible in this search(an area) x (time) factor of
3 x 10
14
cm
2
/sec. The detector system has the merit of
containing zero background, making possible a sensitivity
such that any multiple of Dirac's original charge of up
to 120 could have been detected. The absence of monopoles
in the material searched sets new limits on the abundance
of multiply-charged monopoles .and of monopoles that are
low massive ( > Jmpr.oton) to have been produced in
previously reported accelerator experiments. The results
imply that at no energy up to at least 2.x 10
17
eV are
primary cosmic rays dominantly composed.of magnetic mono-
poles.
71-
314. Gamblin R. L. J.Math.Phys., 1969, vol.10,pp.46-48.
COMMENTS ON THE CLASSICAL THEORY
MONOPOLES
OF MAGNETIC
The classical theory of electromagnetism including magnetic
monopoles is formulated in terms of harmonic functions. The fac
that there is no consistent action-integral formulation of the
field that yields both particle and field equations for both
electric and magnetic charges is discussed in detail.lt is seen
. .
that a consistent formulation can be developed through an
action integra1, but in such a development a monopole does not
have what has been considered to be appropriate interaction
with either an electric charge or another monopole.
3'15.
Ganssauge E. Phys.Blatter, 1969, vol.25, No 4, pp.157-167
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE(In German)
316. Goebel C.J. University of Wisconsin, Dept. of Phys.,
Wisconsin Preprint COO-232, Madison, 1969.
THE SPATIAL EXTENT OF MAG}ffiTIC MONOPOLES
Discusses monopole sizes. Prediction. Monopole sizes.
--
317. Gurevich 1.1., Khakimov S.Kh.,Martemianov V.P.,Mishakova A.
Ogurtzov V. V., Tarasenkov V. G., Barkov L. M. ,Tarakanov lJ. M.
Moscow, 1969.
See ref.
SEARCH FOR THE DIRAC MONOPOLE AT THE 70 GeV
IPHE PROTON SYNCHROTRON (In Russian)
318. Jette A.D. Amer.Math.Monthly, 1969, vol.76, No 2,
pp.164-167.
THE PATH OF A CHARGED PARTICLE IN THE FIELD
OF A MONOPOLE
--
319.
320.
Kartsev V. Nauka i Zhizn (Russ.),1969, No.8, pp.61-64.
IN SEARCH FOR MONOPOLE BEAUTY (In Russian)
Kolm H.H. APPLICATION OF MODERN PHYSICS TO THE EARTH
AND P):JANETARY INTERIORS td.Johr:: Wiley and Sons, London, 1969
p.661.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
Magnetic monopoles make Maxwell's equations symmetric by
providing two missing terms, magnetic charge and magnetic currer
which are not seen in nature. This concise account monopole
physics is presented, primarily to geologists, cosmologists, anc
others whose fields would be affected by the existence of magnei
monopoles.'
321. Lipkin H.J., Weisberger W.I., Peskin M.
1969, vol. 53, pp.203-214.
Ann.Phys. (N. Y.),
MAGNETIC CHARGE QUANTIZATION AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM
The motion of an electric charge in the field of a magnetic
charge is solved quantum mechanically by algebraic methods
which exhibit the direct relation between charge quantization
and angular momentum. The Dirac quantization formula for the
charges is obtained as a necessary and sufficient condition for
the realization of all the observables.
Malvin A., Ruderman and Zwanzinger D., Phys.Rev.Lett.,1969,
vol.22, No 4, pp.146-148.
MAGNETIC POLES AND ENERGETIC PHOTON SHOWERS
IN COSMIC RAYS
Various anomalous high-energy pure photon showers seen
in cosmic- ray emulsions are interpreted in terms of
bound pole-antipole pairs. It is argued that such bound
pairs are the most likely state for created monopoles
tla. v 1'"'<: CJ.CI;
. , (
IV
,;
323. McIntosh H. V. Amer.J. 1969, vol.37,p.1175.
THE MOTION OF A CHARGED PARTICLE IN THE FIELD
OF TWO CHARGED MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The motion of a charged particle in the field of two
charged magnetic monopoles is investigated and computer
programs are to integrate the equations of motion
for the problem.
324. Mukhtarov A.I. and Niyazova E.N. OPTIKA I SPEKTRO-
SKOPIA (RUSS.), 1969, vol.XXVI, No 3, pp.379-382.
TO CHERENKOV RADIATION OF THE DIRAC MONOPOLE
(In Russian)
Characteristic polarization peculiarities which Cherenkov
radiation particles should possess, having simultaneously
the magnetic and electric moments, are considered in order
to investigate the possibilities of experimental discovery
of hypothetical charges, carrying the magnetic charge
(monopole).
325. Murashova V.A., Petukhov V.A., Syreischikova T.I.,
326.
327.
,
Telnov yu. Ya., Usachev yu. D., Yakimenko M. H.
Fiz.lnst. _Akad.Nauk SSSR, Preprint -56, Moscow, 1969.
SEARCH FOR ELEMENTARY PARTICLES WITH A MAGNETIC
CHARGE
0' Connell R. F.
pp.221-222.
Lett.Nuovo Cim., 1969, vol.2, No 6,
'.;
SIMPLE DERIVATION OF SCHWINGER QUANTIZATION
RELATION BETWEEN ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGES
Parker E. Phys.Rev., 1969, No 5, pp.2287-2292.
I
FASTER-THAN-LIGHT INERTIAL FRA1ffiS AND TACHYONS
By means of a mathematical transformation, we introduce
a set of reference frames, called superluminal inertial
frames, relative to which tachyons in one spatial dimension
behave as ordinary particles. One-dimensional processes
involving tachyons and photons can be analyzed in the new
frames, and the results transformed to the subluminal frames.
The mathematical symmetry or duality between subluminal
and superluminal frames and particles suggests an extension
of the principle of relativity, according to which the
totality of physical laws ahs the same form relative to both
subluminal and superluminal frames. One possible consequence
of this extended principie of relativity is that charged
tachyons might have properties similar to those of the magneti
monopoles. Another consequence is that the cross section for
the backward scattering of photons by photons should be twice
as great as is predicted without taking into account tachyons.
The relevance of these results to our three-dimensional world
is questionable because it does not appear to be possible to
extend the one-dimensional theory to three-dimensions. Photon-
photon scattering experiments in vacuum can reveal unambi-
guously whether or not the predictions have physical relevance,
328. Parker E., Henry Norris Russel Lecture, "THE ORIGIN OF
MAGNETIC FIELDS", MAS Meeting, August 1969, N.Y., USA.
329. Potupa A.S., Strazhev V.I., Tomifchik L.M.
Vestsi Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR, sere Fiz.-mat, 1969, No 1,
pp.89-96.
TO MAGNETIC CHARGE PROBLEM IN ELECTRODYNAMICS
It is shown, that introduction of the objects of the
Dirac and Schwinger monopole type is connected with the
r e f u ~ l from the Neutonian mechanics models of charged
particles and it leads to symmetry loss which inherents to
the equations for a free electrodynamic field. Magnetic
charge consideration as a really existing object within the
framework of Neutonian mechanics and classical field theory
is not yet possible. The known ways of obtaining the
_' :I.j -,.
330.
. 331.
332.
eg= 1/2 nhc; eg= nhc are based on a
different to a model choice for a magnetic
oharge.
Rabl A. Phys.Rev.m 1969, 179, No 5, pp.1J6J-1J70.
PERTURBATION THEORY FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The Feynman-dyson perturbation theory is applied
to Schwinger's model of the monopole. The propagator for
photon exchange between electric and magrietic charges

is found to be (k)=(k
2
+ i e)-1 x ( ef,1Yi( n\l kk)/
(n k ). / In the frame of quantization, where
11 is the unit vector in the direction of the singulari t;
line/. Since the exact theory is independent of n, one
might try to obtain a manifestly covariant perturbation
expansion by averaging over all direction of n. Under
such a procedure the Born term reproduces the known non-
relativistic limit if proper care is taken of the helicity
flip phase factor.
Rabl A. Berkeley, California, 1969
TOPICS IN CURRENT ALGEBRA AND ELECTROMAGNETIC
INTERACTIONS
Ross D.K. Phys.Rev., 1969, vol.181, No 5, pp.2055-206J.
EXTENDED MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN FIELD THEORY
A field theory of electric and magnetic monopoles
which are either point of extended particles is constructe(
using Mandelstam's path-dependent field quantities specia-
lized to stright-line paths. Restriction on the paths and
form factors which are needed for self-consistency have
been given. It is found that the Jacobi identity is
satisfied. Schiff's selection principie for quarks,
originally derived in ordinary quantum" mechanics, follows
easily and is thus generalized to field theory.
333. Ruderman M.A., Zwanziger D.
Phys.Rev.Lett., 1969, vol.22,
No 4, pp.146-148.
MAGNETIC POLES AND ENERGETIC PHOTON SHOWERS
IN C OSMIC RAYS
Anomalous high-energy pure photon showers seen in
cosmic-ray emulsions are interpreted in terms of properties
of' the production of bound pole-antipole pairs. It is
argued that such bound pairs are the most likely state for
created monopoles.
,>
334. Schwinger J. Science, 1969, vol.165, pp.757-764.
A MAGNETIC MODEL OF MATTER
Hadronic matter is viewed as a magnetically neutral
composite of dual-charged particles that are based electri-
cally upon a new unit of charge. A speculation probes deep
within the structure of nuclear particles and predicts a
new form of matter.
See ref.
335. Taylor John G. Zenith, 1969, vol.6, No 2, pp.14-16.
MONOPOLES. HOW TO DIVIDE A MAGNET INTO TWO PARTS?
336. Tompkins D.R. Bull.Amer.Phys.Soc., 1969,ser.II, vol.14,
No 4, p. 617.
CHERENKOV COUNTERS OF IDENTIFYING
CHARGE PAIR PRODUCTION
The Cherenkov emission from fast magnetic charges
depends on the refractive index in a characterisitc manner
which results in a characteristic pulse "ratio" from a pair
of Cherenkov counters with different refractive indices.
A characteristic Cherenkov pulse ratio is also found for
magnetic dipole radiation. It is reasonable to expect
magnetic charge pairs to rapidly recombine. Considering the
production of magnetic charge pairs in Cherenkov counter
targets it is shown that it should be possible to. identify
fast magnetic charge pairs whose lifetime is no
shorter than 10-
14
/ sec, where
and where (?> refers to the laboratory veloci ty of the pair.
The possibility of both monopole and dipole radiation frorn
\1:
the magnetic charge pair is considered.
337. WU T.T. and yang C.N. In: PROPERTIES OF MATTER UNDER
USUAL CONDITIONS. H.Mark and S.Fernbach Eds.- Inter-
science, 1969, New York, pp.349-354.
338. Yerlykin A.D., Yakovlev V.I. Zh.Eksp. i Teor.Fiz.,(Russ.)
1969, vol.56, No 6, pp.1849-1850.
UPPER LIMIT FOR RELATIVISTIC DIRAC MONOPOLE
FLUX AT MOUNTAIN HEIGHTS
339. Yerlykin A.D., Yakovlev V.I. Sov.Phys.- English Transl.:
JETP, 1969, vol.29, pp.992-993.
UPPER LIMIT FOR RELATIVISTIC DIRAC MONOPCLE
FLUX AT MOUNTAIN HEIGHTS
The flux of relativistic Dirac monopoles of various
energies measured by above ground and underground calorime-
thers at the Lebedev Physics Institute's Tyan' -Shan' high,-
altitude scientific station to be ~ ~ 5 x 10-12cm-2sec-1sr-'
at energies E ? 10
13
eVe
340. Zumino B. In: THEORY AND PHENOMENOLOGY IN PARTICLE
PHYSICS. International School of Physics, Ettore Majorane,
'a MPI-NATO Advanced Study Institute Spansored by CERN and
Weizman Institute of Science, Erice, 1968, Ed. by A.Zichichi
i
part B, pp.772-775, 1969.
General Discussion
.
. .
. . .
. .
. .
. .
..;.-- -
--
..
.. :0 ..
..1970
. . .
. . .
,
. .
. .
1970
341. Alvarez L. W., Antuna M.,Jr., Byrns R.A., Eberhard P.H.
Gilmer R.E., Hoyer E.H., Ross R.R., Stellrecht H.H.,
Taylor J.D., watt R.D. University of California Radia-
tion Laboratory, USRL-19756, Berkeley, 1 ~ 7 0
A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE DETECTOR UTILIZING
SUPERCONDUCTING ELEMENTS
An electromagnetic detector has been built to extend
the search for magnetic monopoles to the lunar sample
returned during the Apollo missions. It is sensitive to
the minimum magnetic charge allowed by Dirac's theory, an<
permits analysis of a sample without changing any of its
properties.
The apparatus consists of a superconducting niobium
sensing coil with a core at room temperature, shorted by
a superconducting mechanical switch and protected against
the effects of variableo.wJ.u.rX' magnetic field by ar:.
adequate shield made of supercpnducting lead. Characte-
ristic features performance, and sample containers are
described.
342. Alvarez L.W., Eberhard P.H., Ross R.R., Watt R.D.
Science, vol.167, No 3918, .701 (1970).
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN THE LUNAR
SAMPLE
An electromagnetic search for magnetic monopoles of
the minimum size predicted by Dirac, or of any larger
magnitude, has been performed on 8.37 kilograms of the
lunar surface material. No monopole was found. This
experiment sets new limits on the production cross sectior
for monopoles and on their occurence in cosmic radiation.
343. Alvarez L.W., P.H., Ross R.R. and watt R.D.
Geochimico et Cosmochimico Acta, vol.34
. -
(Special Moon Edition).
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN THE LUNAR
SAMPLE
See r.ef.
344. Alvarez L.W. University of California Radiation Lab.,
UCRL-470, Berkeley,1970.
345. Alvarez L.W., Eberhard P.H., Ross R.R., watt R.D.
NAL proposal No], Batavia, Illinois, 1970.
PROPOSAL FOR A SEARCH FOR MONOPOLES
AT NAL
would
It is proposed that an experiment be performed to search
for magnetic monopoles based on their electromagnetic
properties at macroscopic distances only.
A ferromagnetic trap would be exposed in a beam dump
at NAL and monopoles would be searched for using an exis-
ting detector.
346. Amaldi E., Baroni G., Manfredini A., Bradner H., de Carva-
tho M.G., Hoffmann L., Vanderhaeghe G. DIRAC MONOPOLES,
ed. MIR, Moscow, 1970, pp.112-164.
SEARCH FOR DIRAC MAGNETIC POLES
See refs.:
347. Amaldi E., Baroni G., Romano G. European Organization
for Nuclear Research, CERN-ISRC/70-8, Geneve, 1970.
PROPOSAL OF AN EXPERI1ffiNT FOR SEARCHING THE
DIRAC MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AT THE I.S.R. WITH
PLASTIC TECHNIQUE
348. Barut A.O. In: PROCEEDINGS OF CORAL GABLES CONFERENCE
ON FUNDAMEHTAL INTERACTIONS AT HIGH ENERGY.
vol.II, edited by A.Perlmutter et ale
(Gordon & Breach - New
DYONIUM - ATOM AND MOLECULES. ELECTROMAGllliTIC
ORIGIN OF STRONG INTERACTIONS
349. Barut A. o. XV-th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH
ENERGY PHYSICS. Kiev, 1970,p.615.
FURTHER PROPERTIES OF HADRONS IN THE DYONIUM
MODEL
The simplect model of hadron structure consistent
with the known form factor is a system called "dyonium",
the bound state of two spinless particles having both
electric and magnetic charges g=(e,g) (dyons) suth that
the total system is magnetically neutral. In this model
the strong interaction Hamiltonian is known and is reduced
to (strong) electromagnetic origin; the dynamics is most
conveniently written in the form of a relativistic infinit,
component wave equation with a conserved vector current
which couples to the electromagnetic field. The mass
spectrum derived is essentially linear in spin for small
values of spin. The chiral invariant parameter ttl = q1 x q2:
(e
1
determines the lowest spin of the system. The
interaction-of two hadrons in this model is then analogous
to the van der Waals interactions between electrically
neutral systems. Further points discussed in this paper
1) diffraction slopes; 2) anomalous magnetic moments
magnetic polarizabilities; 3) meson production viewed as
multiple production of dyon-pairs, relation to part6ns
conformal invariance.
350. Barut A.O., Bornzin G.L. University of Colorado,Dept. of
Phys.,Boulder, Colorado, 1970.
SO(4,2)-FORMULATION OF THE SYMMETRY BREAKING IN
RELATIVISTIC KEPLER PROBLEMS WITH OR WITHOUT
MAGNETIC CHARGES
see ref.
351. Barut A.O. University of Colorado, Dept. of Physics and
Astrophysics, Boulder, Colorado, 1970.
THE SUPERSELECTION RULE FOR MAGNETIC CHARGES
AND THE SEARCH FOR MAG}illTIC MONOPOLES
.--
Parity eigenstates are superpositions of states with
positive and negative magnetic charges. Although maenettc
charge is separately conserved,it need not satisfy a
superselection rule, if at the production there are only
eigenstates of parity. Theoretical and experimental
consequences are pointed out.
352. Berrondo M., McIntosh H.V.,
141, 1970.
J.Math.Phys., '101.11, pp.125-
DEGENERACY OF THE DIRAC EQUATION WITH ELECTRIC
AND MAGNETIC COULOMB POTENTIALS
Investigation is made of the symmetry and degeneracy
of the Dirac equation for a Coulomb potential with a fixed
center bearing both electric and magnetic charge. It is
found that magnetic charge must be quantized - a require-
ment seen from the angular part of the wavefunctioL exactly
as in the nonrelativistic problem. Seen from the newpoint
of calssical mechanics, relativistic procession removes
the accidental degeneracy of the nonrelativistic potential.
353. Bialynicki-Birula I., Bialynicka-Birula Z.
1970.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN THE
, FORMULATION OF QUANTUM MECHANICS
NYO-3829-57,
Nonrelativistic quantum theory of a particle having
both electric and magnetic charges moving in an arbitrary
external electromagnetic field is presented. The theory
is based on the hydrodynamic formulation of quantum mecha-
nics. Dirac's quantization condition for the electric and
magnetic charges is rederived as a consistency condition
for the motion of the probability fluid. Neither the wave
function nor the electromagnetic potential, which were the
source of ambigui ties in all other formulatioI's, appear in
our approach. Nevertheless, this theory has all the essentia:
features of the standard quantum mechanics, including the
superposition principle.
354. Blagov M.I., Isakov A.I., Murashova V.A., Petukhov V.A.,
Samojlov A,V., Syreischikova T.I., Tel'nov YU.A.,Frolov A.M.
Usachev Yu.D., Yakimenko M.N. Lebedev Phys.lnst.Acad.
of Sci. USSR, Preprint FIAN, No 46, Moscow,
SEARCH FOR ELEMENTARY PARTICLES? POSSESSING
A MAGNETIC CHARGE (In Russian)
Translated in English at CERN by B.Hodge, CERN Translation
11-10 (March 1911).
355. Blagov M.I., Murashova V.A., Syreitshikova T.I., Tel'nov
Yu.Ya., Usachev Yu.D., Yakimenko M.N. XV-th Internation-
al Conference on High Energy Physics. 1910, Kiev, vol.1,
p.314.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC CHARGE PARTICLES PRODUCED
BY PHOTON BEAM
Because of the absence of successive theory of magnetic
charge it was supposed (1) the existence of monopoles with
charges, which are different from Dirac's one ( g= 68.5e)
(2).An attempt was made to discover particles with magne-
tic charge g=(1 1)e produced by 600 MeV synchrotron
t -ray using scintillation technique. There were detected
the 0.1 0.1 events per 10
10
effective quanta intensity
flux using experimental set with acceptance 2,3 x 10-
3
MeV
. sterad.
Assuming the matrix element for monopole production
is equal constant we have obtained monopole production
cross section upper limit. In particular, it was obtained
(795% 3 x 10-
29
cm
2
per nucleon for g=( 1 1) e
and masses up to 200 Mev/c
2

356. Bolotovski B.M., Usachev Yu.D.
1910.
Introductory paper. .... :' .. : ..... ". \
. .
DIRAC MONOPOLE, MIR,Moscow,
357. Carrigan R.A.,Jr., Nezrick F.A. National Accelerator
Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, 1970.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES PRODUCED AT NAL
\ \
Following the ideas outlined in our oct.29, 1969 let-
ter of intent to E.L.Goldwasser we propose to undertake a
three phase program to search for possible magnetic mono-
pole production at NAL. In the first phase we will look for
free magnetic monopole production in strong and electromag-
netic interactions by using collectors placed in the proton
beam dump and an electronic detection technique similar to
one previously employed in cosmic ray searches. The second
phase will extend the search we have recently carried out
for neutrino production of free magnetic monopoles by
placing large collectors in the NAL neutrino beam. In the
third phase we will search for bound magnetic monopoles by
looking for breaks as a function of energy in the production
of low energy gamma ray showers by protons.
358. Carrigan R.A.?Jr., Nezrick F.A. National Accelerator
.359.
)
Laboratory, NAL-44, Batavia, Illinois, 1970.
UPPER LIMIT FOR MONOPOLE PRODUCTION
BY NEUTRINOS
EXisting magnetic monopole searches are re-evaluated
in terms of monopole production by cosmic-ray neutrinos.
The upper limit for the cross section for monopole produc
tion inside the .best ocean-bed . sample is (f 1.0 x 10-
39
cm
2
An even lower limi t of f) C E: 3.0 x 1 cm
2
is
established if the monopoles are collected on the sample
.from surrounding ocean water.
Carrigan R., Yamanouchi T., Derenzo
Lee W.Y., Mischke R.E., Trefil J.S.
1970, TID-25874, pp.397-405.
S., Frankel S.,
In 1970 summer study,
QUARK AND MONOPOLE SEARCHES AT NAL
The general field of quarks and monopole searches at
NAL is discussed; facilities which should be provided are
recommended, and priorities to be given to various types of
experiments are .suggested.
- fl
l
,-
360. Collins G.B., Ficenec J.R., Trower W.P., Fischer J., Shiba-
ta S. National Accelerator Laboratory, NAL Pt'oposal
No 22, Batavia, Illinois, 1970.
EXPERIMENTAI" PROPOSAL TO THE NATIONAL ACCELERATOR
LABORATORY FOR A SEARCH FOR MULTIGJ...MMA EVENTS
FROM MAGNETIC MONOPOLE PAIRS
The failure of numerous attempts to find isolated Dirac
magnetic monopoles is well known. Ruderman and Zwanziger have
speculated that monopole pairs may be created by high
energy photons. Because these pairs would have an extremely
strong, as well as long range attraction for -each other,
they would quickly annihilate. This whole process would give
rise to a great number of photons both from annihilation
radiation and bremsstrahlung. Observation of a few anomalous
pure photon cosmic ray showers, which display characteris-
tics explainable only by this model, were in part responsiblE
for this theoretical speculation. Thus motivated we propose
to survay multigamma events emerging from a thin target
bombarded with protons at the highest accelerator energy
attainable. We propose also to search, by consentional me-
thods, for the possible production of free monopoles.
361. Collins G.B., Ficenec J.R., Trower W.P., Fischer J.,
Shibata S. Physics Dept. Virginia polytechnic Inst.,
VPI-ERP-70-7, Blacksburg, Virginia, 1970.
EXPERIMENTAL PROPOSAL TO THE NATIONAL ACCELERATOR
LABORATORY FOR A SEARCH FOR MULTIGAMMA EVENTS FROM
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE PAIRS
See ref.
362. Dadykin V.L. Acta Phys. Acad. Sci.Hung. , vol.29, Suppl.4,
pp.461-46J, 1970. Proc. 11-th Conf. on Cosmic Rays, Budapestl
1969.
ON A ~ f f i T H O OF FINDING DIRAC'S MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
An experiment is suggested to find fast cosmic monopolef
by detecting their Cherenkov radiation in air. The required
equipment consists of about 100 multipliers and about 1000
Geiger counters. The apparatus must have a collecting power
of about 10
3
m
2
sr and has to be placed in a salt mine.
363. Efinger H.J.
280.
Lett.Nuovo Cim., 1970, vol.4, No 7, pp.277-
ON SCHWINGER EVEN INTEGER CHARGE QUANTIZATION
CONDITION
364. Fleischer R.L., Hart H.R., Jr., Comstock G.M., Hubbard E.L.,
National Accelerator Laboratory, NAL proposal No 74, a t a v i ~
Illinois, 1970.
PROPOSAL TO NATIONAL ACCELERATOR LABORATORY
FOR A SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The fundamental particle whose discovery would require
the most thorough reassessment of modern physics is the
magnetic monopole. A beam of 500 GeV protons in principle
makes possible the creation of pairs of monopoles each of
mass up to 15 mp (p=proton) under controlled laboratory
conditions. we propose to use solid state track detectors
to observe directly the flight of monopoles which hopefully
would be created by interactions in a target foil placed
directly in the accelerator beam. The method has the merits
of simplicity and directness, the use of detectors with zero
background, applicability within the entire mass range opene
by increased accelerator energies, and applicability within
the entire charge range regarded as plausible in the light
of past and current theoretical work. The experiment could
be run as a satellite to another experiment or to the early
yune up of the accelerator.
365. Fleischer R.L., Hart H.R., Jr., Jacobs I.S., Price P.B.,
. Schwarz W.M., Goodell H.G., Aumento F. Radiat.Eff.,1970,
vol.3, No 1-2, pp.137-138.
DEEP SEA SEARCH FOR MULTIPLY-CHARGED MAGrrnTIC
POLES
366. Fleischer R.L., Hart H.R.,Jr., Jacobs I.S., Price P.B.,
Schwarz W.M., Woods R.T., Aumento F., Goodell H.G. Acta
Phys. Acad. Sci. Hung. , 1970, vol.29, Suppl.3, pp.27-30.
SEARCH FOR COSMIC MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
367. Goebel C.J., QUANTA ESSAYS IN THEORETICAL PHYSICS
DEDICATED TO GREGOR WENTZEL. The Univ. of Chicago Press,
Chicago-London, 1970, pp.338-344.
SPATIAL EXTEIJT OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
See ref.
368. Goldhaber A.S.
DIRAC MONOPOLE, ed. MIR, MOscow,
p.269.
ROLE OF SPIN IN THE MONOPOLE PROBLEM
(In Russian)
See ref.
369. Gurevich 1.1., Khakimov S.Kh., Marthemiar.ov V.P., Mishakovc
A.P., Ogurtzov V.V., Tarasenkov V.G., Barkov L.M., Taraka-
nov N.M. Phys.Lett., 1970, vol.31B, No 6, pp.394-396.
SEARCH FOR THE DIRAC MONOPOLE AT THE 70 GeV
PROTON SYNCHROTRON
The article describes a search for the Dirac monopole
at the 70 GeV IPHE proton synchrotron. It was found that
the upper limit of the monopole production cross-section
was () x 10-
41
cm
2
for m q 5 m p.
See ref.
370. Gurevich 1.1., Khakimov S.Ch., Martemianov V.P., Mishakova
A.P., Ogurtzov V.V., Tarasenkov V.P., Barkov L.M.,Tarakanov
N.M. xV-th International Conference on high energy physic
1970, Kiev, vol.1, p.312.
SEARCH FOR THE DIRAC MONOPOLE AT THE 70 GeV
IPHE PROTON SYNCHROTORN
The 70 GeV IPHE proton accelerator is able to produce
monopoles with the mass up to 5-7 proton-masses. The sample
made of a tungstem plate and a permendur foil 100/U thick
were displaced near the target. Target material is an alu-
minium. The detailed analysis of the monopole compartment
in various medium has been developed;, it shows that in the
present experiment loss their energy efficiently
down to thermal velocity and are accumulated in the permcn-
, -,
.... '.I
dur foil. After the end of irradiation the magnetic field
with the intensity of 220 Kgs has been applied to the
samples. The BR-2 type nuclear photoemulsion has been used
as a detector. The upper limit. on the production cross
section for monopoles, calculated on the base of the num-
ber of p-target interactions, is (90%) 1.5 x 10-
41
cm
2

371. Han M.Y., Biedenharn L.C., Phys.Rev.Lett., 1970, vol.24,
p.118.
DYON THREE-TRIPLET MODEL OF HADRONS
Schwinger's composite model of hadrons, based on dyons,
is formulated as a dyon three-triplet model with the
lated symmetry group SU(J) (electric) @ SU(J) (magnetic).
The hadron spectrum is dominated by the superstrong
magnetic-charge exchange forces; we find the first "exoti.c"
states to be in the meson channel of the ( 2D2 n) system.
This model possesses the good features of the quark model
and explains its paradoxes.
372. Heymann F.F. European Organization for Nuclear Research,
CERN/ISRC/70-4, Geneva, 1970.
373.
BRIEF REPORT ON MONOPOLE MEETING OF 10 MARCH 1970
Janis A.I., Amer.J.Phys., 1970, vol.J8, No 2, pp.202-206.

ENERGY AND OBSERVABLES IN
THEORY
A comparison is made of two ways of introducing auxiliary
variables into Maxwell's equations. The first is the usual
introduction of potentials. The second introduces twice the
usual number of potentials. Although both formalisms lead
to the usual vacuum-field equations when expressed in terms
of the original variables ( the component of the electro-
magnetic field tensor), they are found to describe physicnllJ
distinct theories. It is seen that the second formalism leadf
to a different stress-energy tensor and to the prediction
of new observable quantities, which apparently have no
counterpart in nature.
374. Kerner E.H. J.Math.Phys., 1970, vol.11, pp.J9-46.
CHARGE AND POLE: CANONICAL COORDINATES WITHOUT
POTENTIALS
For particles having both magnetic and electric charge
it is shown that (a) in the nonrelativistic many-particle
problem where only Coulomb and Biot-Savat fields need be
considered and (b) in the one particle relativistic prob-
'lem (orbital pole-charge moving around a fixed pole-charge),
the well-set classical dynamics can be reduced directly from
the equations of motion to Hamiltonian, without the intro-
duction of potentials and Dirac strings. The Lie-Koenigs
theorem, which can give Hamiltonian format to any dynamics,
is inlooked for this. The essential feature is that canoni-
cal coordinates cannot be physical particle coordinates.
For (a) and (b) suitable canonical variables are explicit-
ly constructed. Using only Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization
the Schwinger charge-pole quantum condition is obtained
for pure-charge-pole interactions; but when Coulomb forces
are additionally considered, no quantum restriction on charge
and pole strength is required.
375. Kolm N.N., Fleischer R.L., Hart H.R.,Jr., Jacobs I.S.,
Price P.B., Schwarz W.M., Woods R.T. J. of Appl.Phys.,
1970, vol. 41, ,p. 958.
ROCKS, LIQUIDS AND MONOPOLES
Magnetic Monopoles: Where Are They
and Where Aren't They?
The existence of isolated magnetic charges (Monopoles)
in nature would require profound rethinki.ng not only in
elementary particle physics but also in high energy cosmic
-ray physics and astrophysics. Monopoles whose possible
existence was first suggested by Dirac in 1931 and whose
properties were later recalculated by Schwinger would
be intensely ionizing particles similar to their effects
in passing through matter to relativistic rare-earth ~ o s
(or still heavier nuclei). As Parker has noted only a very
minute abundance of monopoles in the galaxy would ne nece-
ssary to have removed or at least grossly altered the galac-
tic magnetic field on an astrophysically interesting time
scale. Solid-state nuclear track detectors have led to a
new series of intensive monopole searches: one of these
takes ferromanganese deposits from the deep oceans (as
a material whicle would have magnetically trapped mono-
poles) and exposes them to high magnetic fields
cient to loosen monopoles and accelerate them into a de-
tection system; the other experiment is deSigned to
utilize natural detectors to record over geological time
the paths of massive penetrating monopoles. The negative
results obtained set new and highly restrictive limits
on the abundance of monopoles. These limits are such tha
the mysterious high-energy cosmic rays (10
17
_10
19
eV)
cannot be monopoles as has been suggested, non can the
galactic magnetic fields be seiously altered by the
maximum permitted abundance - even over the galactic
age-finally, the flux of monopoles onto the earth over
the earth's entire age is 1/2 monopole/cm
2
Qualifica-
tions on these claims are indicated in the article.
376. Kukanov A.B., Davydov V.N. Izvestia vuzov SSSR, sere
fiz., 1970, No 6, pp.114-116.
ON THE THEORY OF COMPTON EFFECT ON Mfl.GNETIC
MONOPOLE(In Russian)
377. Leiter D . Can.J.Phys., 1970, vol.48, No J, pp.279-282.
THE OF MAXVreLL'S EQUATIONS
AND FRACTIONALITY CHARGED PARTICLES
It is shown that Maxwell's equations can be consis-
tently symmetrized by the introduction of an additional
vector 4-current as the source of the dual of the genera-
lized electromagnetic tensor. The additional 4-current
is related to a second type of electric charge which we
shall call "m-electric charge", as distinguished from
the conventional electric charge ( denoted as 'Ie-electric
charge). A Lagrangian formulation of this theory for
classical point charges is constructed, yielding the
symmetrized Maxwell equations, in which each particle is
assumed to carry both an "e-electric" charge and an "m-
electric" charge. We show that if the "m-electric" to
"e-electric" charge is the same for all particles
in the model universe, then the predictions of the sym-
metrized Maxwell equations are the same as that of the
UDsymmetrized, conventional Maxwell equations. However,
if all particles in a detector carry the same m-electric
to e-electric charge ratio, not equal to zero, then a
detected particle with different m-electric to e-electric
charge ratio ( than that of the detector) could appear
to have only a fractional e-electric charge. This implies
that fractionally charged particles could be generated
even if only integral multiples of e-charge and m-charge
were allowed in the symmetrized theory. This means that
it might be experimentally difficult to distinguish bet-
ween a differently "m-charged" particle, and an Su
3
-type
"quark", in purely electromagnetic interactions alone.
378. Levman G.M. Canad.J.Phys., 1970, vol.48, No 20, p.2423.
380.
381.
A DUALITY INVARIANT ACTION PRINCIPLE IN VACUUM
ELECTRODYlJAMICS
Libby L.M.
1970.
university of colorado) Boulder, Colorado,
QUESTION OF QUARK,MAGNETIC MONOPOLE AND
DYON DETECTION
Lubkin E. Phys.Rev., 1970, vol.2, No 10, pp.2510-2511.
PRESENTATION OF THE DIRAC
QUANTIZATION OF MAGNETIC CHARGE
The field-dependent difference is phse associated wi tl
two paths in an interference experiment employing elect-
rically charged particles of electric charge e is pro-
portional to the magnetic flux through a surface bounded
by the difference of the paths. If considered as a visible
electron-optical fringe displacement, it may be used as
phenomenological support for Dirac's condition n,
restricting the strength of a magnetic monopole:
McIntosh H.V., Cisneros A.,
pp.896-9
1
6.
J.Math.Phys., 1970, vol.11,
DEGENERACY IN THE PRESENCE OF A MAGNETIC
MONOPOLE
383.
The symmetry of the force field of a magnetic monopole
is comparable in its simplicity to that of the hydrogen
atom orl a harmonic oscillator. Neither the mechanical nor
the canonical angular momentum is conserved in the presenc
of a monopole field, but rather a total angular momentum
which incorporates angular momentum resident in the magrle-
tic field.
Majumdar S.D., Pal R. Proc.Roy.Soc.,London A, 1970,
vQl.3J6_
t
-JJo -152-7--,- pp.525-537.
CHERENKOV RADIATION IN ANISOTROPIC tffiDIA
The problem ofCherenkov radiation in anisotropic
media is studied in a Lorentz frame in which the charged
particle is at rest and the medium is moving with a uni-
form velocity. Both electric and magnetic anisotropy are
assumed to be present, but the axes of the permittivity
are permeability ellipsoids are taken to be parallel to
one another. The electromagnetic field generated by the
charge is described by two scalar potentials. Each of these
Batisfies a partial differential equation of the fourth
order when the velocity vector lies in a principal plane
of the ellipsoids. The two equatio':ns closely resemble one
another, and passage from one to the other is possible
by means of certain simple symmetry operations. The equa-
tion for the scalar potential of the electric field is
solved by the standard technique of Fourier transformation.
In evaluating the Fourier integrals, however, it is found
necessary to assume that two of the ratios ei/;Ui of _ .
principle permittivities and permeabilities are equal. With
this additional restriction the integrals are evaluated
easily by the residue theorem and expressions for the
field and the energy are obtained in closed forms.
Mavrychev Yu.S.
p.129.
Izvestia Vuzov SSSR, sere fiz. ,1970, No9,
ON THE CHARGE PHASE IN ELECTRODYNAJt.ITCS
(In Russian)
---" 384.
(. J' ,
I ( ,1.'\ I . \ ./,'. )

Newmeyer I.L., Trefil J.S.
ville, Va., 1970.
Univ.of Virginia, Chnrlottes-
SPECULATIONS ON INDIRECT SEARCHES FOR MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
,-
385. osborne W.Z. Phys.Rev.Lett., 1970, vol.24, No 25,
')86.
pp.'1441-1445; vol.25, No 5, p.)24 ( erratum).
LIMITS ON MAGNETIC MONOPOLE FLUXES IN THE PRIMARY
COSMIC RADIATION FROM INVERSE COMPTON SCATTERING
AND MUON-POOR EXTEITSIVE AIR-SHOWERS
Flux limits for monopoles in the primary cosmic radia-
tion have been derived on the basis of muon-poor air-
shower data and the analog of universe Compton scattering
of monopoles from universal microwave background photons.
Calculation on both galactic and universal scales were
performed. The resulting limits are generally smaller
than existing experimental limits are applicable to
strongly interacting monopoles.
Parker E. N.
pp.38)-404.
Astrophys. J., 1970, vol.160, No 2, part I,
THE ORIGIN OF MAGNETIC FIELDS
387. potupa A.S., Strazhev V.I., Tomilchik L.M.
Vestsi Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR, ser.fiz-mat., 1970, No 2,
pp. 96-1 00.
AXIOMATIC MODEL OF CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS
(In Russain)
Axiomatic model of dual-invariant classical electro-
dynamics is built on the basis of measurement analysis
in the system of trial bodies and the continuity
for current. In contradistinction of the Bopp scheme the
principle of least constraint is not used at any stage
'due to evident calculation of dual invariance.
388. Potupa V.I., strazhev V.I. The Materials of the First
Republician Conference of Young Scientists. Izd.Inst. of
Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR, Minsk, 1970.
389. Purcell E.M., Collins G.B., Fujii T., Hornbostel J.,
Turkot F. DmAC MONOPOLE, ed. MIR, Moscow, 1 <;J70,p.238.
SEARCH FOR THE DmAC MONOPOLE WITH 30-BEV PROTONS
(In Russian)
See ref.
390. Rajput B.S.
pp.297-301.
and Appl.Phys., 1970, vol.8,
REDUCTION OF GENERALIZED ELECTROMAGlffiTIC FIELD
TO IRREDUCIBLE REPRESENTATION OF LORENTZ GROUP
The reduction of the generalized electromagnetic field
to the irreducible representation of inhomogeneous,proper,
orthochronous Lorentz group has been attempted for zero mass
systems in the presence of magnetic charge source in addi-
tion to the electric charge source. Assuming the justifica-
tion in Diracts theoretical interpretation for the
of a magnetic monopole as the natural generalization of the
usual electrodynamical treatment and quantization of electri-
city, the modifjed field equations have been discussed. The
electromagnetic fields which satisfy these equations have
been reduced group-theoretically and the effeots of field
equations on these reduced expansions have been considered.
This leads to the interesting condition which imposes the
very severe restriction, that the ratio of electric charge
quanta and magnetic charge quanta is the same for all the
particles in the system. This condition when combined with
Diracts quantization gives a larger value for the coupling
constant of magnetic monopoles and consequently explains
why magnetic monopole theory could not be fully supported
by experimental evidence so far.
,., '/ J
... .. (it' !( \
~ . .
391. Rajput B.S., Singh R.N.
vol.S, pp.439-443.
Ind.J.Pure and Appl.Phys., 1970,
REDUCTION OF GENERALIZED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
TO THE IRREDUCIBLE REPRESENTATION OF LORENTZ
GROUP FOR NOlI-ZERO MASS SYSTEM
The study of the reduction of wave-fW1ctioIl which
transforms as generalized electromagnetic fields .to the
irreducible representation of proper, orthochronous,
inhomogeneous Lorentz group, for non-zero mass system,
has been undertaken. The effects of generalized electro-
magnetic field equations on the reduced expansions of
electric and magnetic fields have also been studied and
it has been proved that ratio of electric charge quanta
to the monopole charge quanta is the same for all the
particles in the system.
392. Schatten K.H.
2251.
Phys.Rev., 1970, vol.D 1, No S,pp.2245-
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES Il'r THE MOON
The effects of a possible magnetic charge of the moon
upon the magnetic field in the lW1ar vicinity have been
analyzed. Magnetic field observations obtained by the GSFe
magnetometer aboard Explorer 35 have been studied to search
for these effects. Using these observations it is possible
to botain a measure of the net difference between the number
of northern and southern monopoles within the moon which are
of opposite sign. The search has resulted in negative find-
ing and places an approximate upper limit on the average
difference in the number of monopoles within the moon at
'1.6 x 10-
7
cm-
J
or 7 x 10-
32
per nucleon.
393. schwinger J.
312.
DIRAC MONOPOLE, ed. MIR, Moscow, 1970, pp.295-
394.
MAGNETIC CHARGE AND QUANTUM FIELD THEORY
(In Russian)
See ref.
Schwinger J. PARTICLES,SOURCES AND FIELDS, Addi
Wesley Publ.Co.,Reading, Mass., 1970, p.227
on-
395. Sivers D. University of California, Lawrence Radiation
Laboratory, UCRL-19794, Berkeley, California, 1970.
POSSIBLE BINDING OF MONOPOLE TO A PARTICLE
WITH ELECTRIC CHARGE AND A MAGNETIC DIPOLE MOMENT
See ref.
396. Sivers D. Phys.Rev., 1970, vol. D 2, pp.2048-2054.
POSSIBLE BINDING OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLE TO A
PARTICLE WITH ELECTRIC CHARGE AND A MAGNETIC
DIPOLE MOMENT
We argue that Dirac monopoles, if they exist, could
be strongly bound to those naturally occurring free nuclei
with magnetic dipole moments, and we discuss the effect
this binding would have on the interpretation of experimen-
tal monoDole seRrchp.s.
397. Strazhev V.I. Vestzi Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR, sere fiz.-
mat., 1970, No 6, pp.122-124.
DUALLY CHARGED PARTICLES IN ELSCTRODYNAMICS
Equivalence consequences of electrodynamics of the
electric and magnetic charged particles under condition
of universality of the equation g/e to the particles'
electrodynamics which possess one effective charge
g=(e
2
+ g2)1/2 are considered.
398. Strazhev V.I. Thesis, Minsk, 1970.
TO THE PROBLEM OF DUAL IN ELECTRODYNAMICS
398. Strazhev V.I. Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR, Inst. of Physics,
Minsk, 1970.
MAGNETIC CHARGE IN ELECTRODYNAMICS
399. Strazhev V.I. The Materials of the First Republician
Con.ference of Young Scientists. Izd. Inst. of Akad.Nauk
Belorussk.SSR, Minsk, 1970, pp.15-17.
QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS OF ELECTRIC AND IjIAGNETIC
CHARGED PARTICLES
- - '-JG-
400. strnad J. Obz.Mat.in Fiz.,1970, vol.17, No 1, pp.12-20.
MONOPOLES,QUARKS,DYONS (In Slovenian)
401. Thomsen D.E. Sci.News, No 8-9,pp.18J-184.
SEARCHING FOR MONOPOLES
Theoretical neatness requires particles with one
magnetic pole, but they have not been found.
402. Tompkins D.R. Bull.Amer.Phys.Soc., 1970, ser.II, vol.15,
No 1, pp.39
WOULD RELATIVISTIC MONOPOLES PRODUCE STRAIGHT
LIGHTING STROKES?
Thundercloud ion density estimates and cosmic ray
shower properties are used to show that showers above 10
16
eV may be capable of occasionally initiating lightning by
producing a small potential Using properties of
lightning itself a conducting channel mechanism of light-
ning initiation is also described. It is argued that the
cores of showers with energy 10
21
eV are capable of
producing very straight lightning strokes proceeded by a
dart rather than a stepped leader. It is argued that a
relativistic monopole could also produce such strokes. It
is noted that, at best, observations of such strokes have
been very rare.
403. Tompkins D.R.; Jr. ,
1970.
University of Wyoming, Dept. of Phys.,
COSMIC RAY SEARCH FOR FAST MAGNETIC CHARGES
404. Tompkins D.R., Jr., Rebka G. A. , Jr., Kunselman A. R.
National Accelerator Laboratory, NAL proposal No 19-A,
Batavia, Illinois, 1970
.
A SEARCH FOR MONOPOLE PRODUCTION BY 200-500 GeV
PROTONS
It is proposed that two Cherenkov counters, one water
and one air at atmospheric pressure be placed in the 200-
500 GeV proton beam. The air counter will have a high thre-
shold and will be used to record the beam microstructure
-8 t
with a resolution of about 3 x 10 sec, The water coun er
records a similar microstructure for the beam plus any
relativistic heavy particles produced in the water counter
( the water counter is also the target in this experiment).
For the production of monopoles with n=1/2 to 4 magnetic.
charge units in the water counter ( n=1/2 is Dirac's value)
the water counter Cherenkov pulse amplitudes can be as much
as 80 n
2
times larger than the average beam level. With 600
hours of beam at 10
10
protons/burst/ 1 burst/ 15 sec/ this
experiment can set a monopole production limit of 3 x 10-
38
cm
2
for the above magnetic charge values.
405. Trefil J.S. University of Virginia, Charlottesville,
Virginia, 1970.
ESTIMATE OF THE PRODUCTION OF BOUND MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES STATES
406. Trefil J.S. Ill. University , Urbana, In 1970 Summer Study,
1970, pp.391-J96.
ESTIMATE OF THE PRODUCTION OF BOUN"D MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES STATES
407. Von Westenholz C. v.
p. 337.
Ann. (N. Y.) Physik, 1970, vol. 7, No 25,
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE AND QUARKS (In German)
The author discusses the concept of Schwinger, which
starts with the hypothesis of the existence of magnetical
monopoles and results in a baryon model with magnetically
c h r ~ e d constituents.
408. Wentzel G.
pp.313-328.
DIRAC MONOPOLE, ed. MIR, Moscow, 1970,
COMMENTS ON DIRAC'S THEORY OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
(In Russian)
See ref.
409. Yang C. N. Phys.Rev., 1970, vol.D 1, p.2360.
CHARGE QUANTIZATION,COMPACTNESS OF THE GAUGE
GROUP, AND FLUX QUANTIZATION
The relationship between charge quantization and the
compactness of the gauge group is discussed. Also remarks
are made about charge observation of flux quantization in
superconductors.
410. yuan L. C. L., Dell G. F., uto H., Wang C. L., Dooher J. r'. ,
Amaldi E., Borgia B., Pistilli P., and Benexentano M.
European Organization for Nuclear Research Report,
CERN-ISRC/70-19, Geneva, 1970.
SEARCH FOR HIGH ENERGY MULTIGAMMA EVENTS;
. POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCE OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
PAIRS OR OF HIGH Z LEPTON
411. Zwanzinger D. xvth International Conference on High
. Energy Physics, Kiev, 1970, vol.2, p.842.
LAGRANGIAN FORMULATION OF THE QUANTUM FIELD
THEORY OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
A lagrangian and canonical field theoretical formula-
tion of Dirac's theory of magnetic monopoles is presented.
The Lagrangian density depends on a fixed space-like 4-
vector which corresponds to the Dirac string. A canonical
quantization may be implemented in Lorentz frame with time
axis orthogonal to the 4-vector. The green's functions of
the theory and the transformation properties of the scatter-
ing amplitudes are discussed.
. ~ ~
. . ~ .
'. . '
.. ,
- . . .
'. .
. .
. . .' ~
.... > . 1971
. .
. " .
.- .
1971
412. Alvarez L.M., Antuna M.,Jr., Byrns R.A., Eberhard P.B.,
Gilmer R.E., Hoyer E.H., Ross R.R., Stellrecht B.B.,Taylor
J.D., Watt R.D. Rev.Sci.lnstrum.,1971, vol.42, pp.326-
330.
A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE DETECTOR UTILIZING SUPER-
CONDUCTING ELEMENTS
An electromagnetic detector has been built to extend
the search for magnetic monopoles to the lunar sample re-
turned during the Apoll missions. It is sensitive to the
minimum magnetic charge allowed by Dirac's theory and per-
mits analysis of a sample without changing any of its pro-
perties. The apparatus consists of a superconducting niobium
sensing coil with a core at room temperature shorted by a
superconducting mechanical switch and protected against the
effects of variable ambient magnetic field by an adequate
shield made of superconducting lead. Characteristic features
performance and sample containers are described.
413. :Andreev V. A., Malkin I. A., Man' ko V. I. , P. N. Lebedev
Phys.lnstitute Acad. of Sci. USSR, PreprirJt FIAN-No 1,
Moscow, 1971.
DYNAMICAL SYMMETRIES OF SOME MODELS WITH MAGNETIC
CHARGE
414. Bacry H., Kubar-Andre J. Centre de Physique Theoretique,
CPT-71/379, Marsiele, France, 1971.
GALILEAN INVARIANCE AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The existence of Dirac monopoles is known to be incom-
petible with Galilean invariance. A 'discussion follows on
the interpretation of monopoles physics in a Galilean
approximation.
415. Bakesigaki A., Inomate A.
p. 697.
Lett.Nuovo Cim., 1971, vol.2,
BREAKING OF SCALE INVARIANCE, REGGE TRAJECTORIES AND
DYONS
416. Barkov L.M., Gurevich 1.1., Zolotarev M.S., Makarina L.A.,
Martemianov V. P., Mishakova A. P. ,ogurtzov V. V. ,Ocharki!l 1/.
Tarakanov N.M., Khakimov S.Kh., Czernyshova L.A.
Zh. Exp. i Teor.Fiz., 1971, vol.61, No 5, pp.1721-1736.
SEARCH FOR THE DIRAC MONOPOLE AT TIm 70 GeV
PROTON SYNCHROTRON
An experiment on the search for the Dirac monopole ::It
a 70 GeV lHEP synchrotron using ferromagnetic traps is shown
The upper limit of monopole production cross-section in
collisions (95%) 2.1 x 10-
43
cm
2
for
mg 5.15 mp and g=68.5e is found.
417. Baru t A. o. In: TOPICS IN MODERN PHYSICS - A Tribute :0
F.U.Condon, ed. by Brittin and Halis Odabasi,Univ.
of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado,1971 , pp.15-45.
ATOMS WITH 1.1AGNETIC CHARGES AS MODELS OF
HADRONS
General review of Barut's magnetic pole model of hadrons.
418. Barut A.O. In: BOULDER LECTURES IN THEORETICAL PHYSICS
ed. by A.O. Barut and W.E.Brittin, Colorado Associated
University Press, Boulder, 1971, vol. XIII.
DE SITTER AlW CONFORMAL GROUPS AND THEIR
APPLICATIOnS
419. Barut A.O. ERSKIN LECTURES GIVEN AT THE Univ. of Canter-
bury, Christ Church, New Zealand, 1971.
LECTURES ON MAGNETIC CHARGES AND THE ELECTROlMGNETIC
THEORY OF HADRONS ANv STRONG INTERACTIONS
420. Barut A.O., Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, 1971.
A POSSIBLE PHYSICAL BASIS FOR SOME MATHEMATICAL
MODEL OF STRONG INTERACTIONS: ATOMS WITH MAGNETIC CHARGES
421. Barut A.O. In: Proceedings of the International
Conference on High Energy Physics, Kiev,1970, USSR, Atom-
1zdat, Moscow, 1971.
FURTHER PROPERTIES OF HADRONS IN THE DYONIUM
MODEL
The simplest model of hadron structure consistent with
the known form-factor is a system called ndyonium" the boulld
state of two spinless particles having both electric and
magnetic charges q=(e,g) (dyons) such that the total
is magnetically neutral. In this model the strong interact.ior.
Hamil tonian is known and is reduced to (strong) electro:r;DC-
netic origin; the dynamic is most conveniently written in
the form of a relativistic infinite component wave equation
wi th a conserved' vector' c..u..'I'tent which to the
electromagnetic field in spin for small values of spin. The
chiral invariant parameter u=q, x q2=(e,82-g1e2)
the lowest spin of the systems. The interaction of two had-
rons in this model is then analogous to the Van der Waals
interactions between electrically neutral systems. Further
points discussed in this paper are: (1) diffraction slopes
(2) anomalous magnetic moments, magnetic polarizabilities
(3) meson production viewed as of dyon-
pairs, relation to partons, conformal invariance.
422. Barut A.O. In: proceedings of the Muon Physics Conference,
.1971, Ft.Collins, Colorado, edited by P.Chand. Marcel Dekker,
New York.
423. Barut A.O., Bornzin G.L. J.Math.Phys., 1971,
SO(4,2)-FORMULATION OF THE BREAKING IN
RELATIVISTIC KEPLER PROBLEMS WITH OR WITHOUT
.... MAGNETIC CHARGES
The relativistic Kepler problems in Dirac and Klein-Gordor
forms are solved by dynamical group methods for particles
having both electric and magnetic charges (dyons).
The explicit forms of the 0(4,2) algebra and two spe-
cial 0(2,1) algenbras ( which coincide in the symmetry limit)
are given and a new group -theoretical form of the symmetry
breaking is pointed out. The Klein-Gordon 0(2,1)- algebra
also solves the dynamics in the case of very strone couplillC
constants ( attractive singular potential), if the princip]c
series of representations are used instead of the discrete
series.
424. Barut A.O. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado,1971.
THE NATURE OF NUCLEAR EOI'm AND THE STRUGTURE
OF HADRONS
425. Barut A.O. Phys.Rev., 1971, vol. D 3, No 8, p.1747.
PROTON FORM FACTOR, l'V1AGNETIC CHARGES, AND
DYONIUM
The relativistic quantum dynnmics of two particles
having both electric and magnetic charges (e,g) is discussea.
It is shown that this model is a physical realization ur;Qc]:'-
lying the dipole magnetic form factor Gm(t) of the protor:
calculated in the relativistic 0(4,2) model.
The mass spectrum gives a linear trajectory for low
values of the principle quamtlliil number N, contains N
2
dege-
neracy and parity doubling. The slope of the trajectory
and the slope of the form factor can be related in prinCiple
to the masses of the constituents and the effective electric
coupling 0<:: - (e
1
e
2
+ g1 g2)
426. Bialynicki-Birula I., Bialynicka-Birula z.
vol. D J, pp.2410-2412.
Phys.Rev. ,
MONOPOLES III THE HYDRODYNAMIC FORMULATION
OF QUANTUM
The nonrelativistic quantum theory of a particle
both electric and magnetic charges moving in an arbitrary
external electromagnetic field is presented.
See ref.
!
427. Bialynicki-Birula I., Bialynicka-Birula Z. Phys.Rev.,1971,
vol.D J, p.241J.
RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICS OF DYONS.
EXACT SOLUTION
A relativistic quantum mechanics of dyons ( hypothetical
particles endowed with both electric and magnetic charges) is
formulated. The hydrodynamics formulation of quantum mecha-
nics is used to overcome all problems created by the simulta-
neous presence of both electric and magnetic chargos. In the
case of one dyon moving in the clectromaelletic field of Cllothe
dyon the exact solutions are found and the energy levels tire
det ermillcd.
428. Blagov M.I., Murashova V.A., Syreischikova T.I.,Tel'nov Yu.
Ya., Usachev Yu.D., Yakimenko M.U. Survey on
No 6, pp.23-27.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETICALLY CHARGED PARTICLES IN
A PHOTON BEAM
See ref.
429. Brand R.A. European Organization for Nuclear Research,
CERN-Preprint 1397, Geneva, 1971.
STRUCTURE OF THE WEAK INTERACTION
430. Carrigan R.A., Nezrick F.A.
vol.16, No 1, p.17.
Bull.Amer.Phys.Soc.,1971,
BUBBLE CHAMBER SEARCH FOR NEUTRINO PRODUCED
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
As suggested by J.Schwinger, magnetically charged
particles could be produced via a magnetically charged
intermediate boson process similar to the mechanism ordi-
narilly envisioned for double muon production by neutrinos.
A search for magnetic monopole production by neutrinos
has been made by re-examining the CERN heavy liquid bubble
chamber pictures obtained during the neutrino exposures
of 1963 and 1967. Searches were made for events, which
contained free monopole pairs with and without target
excitation and for bound monopoles which de-excited by
photon emission. No events were found. Neutrino monopole
production cross section limits and a mass limits will be
present.
431. Carrigan R.A.,Jr, Nezrick F.A. Phys.Rev.,1971, vol.D 3,
p.56.
UPPER LIMIT FOR MAGNETIC-MONOPOLE PRODUCTION
BY NEUTRINOS
Existing magnetic-monopole searches are reevaluated in
of monopole production by cosmic-ray neutrinos.
The upper limit for the cross section for monopole
tion inside the best ocean-bed sample is: <3;' S 1.0 x
cm
2
, where ET is the threshold enerey to produce a
produc-
1 .
T
pair of
I
:: l: ) ')
/
--f-
monopoles expressed in BeV. An even lower limit of
3.0 x 1 0-
45
cm
2
is established if the monopoles
are collected on the sample from surrounding ocean water.
(, I" " I
432. Clarke C.J.S. Gen. Relativity Gravitation, 1971 , vol.2,
No 1, pp.43-51.
MAGNETIC CHARGE, HOLONOMY AND CHAR1.CTERISTIC CLASSES:
ILLUSTRATIOnS OF THE METHODS OF TOPOLOGY In RELATIVITY
433. Davydov V.N., Kukanov A.B., Usachev Yu.D. Vestn. Mosk.
Univ., 1971, vol.3, pp.3io-313.
TO THE PROBLEM OF IONIZATION LOSSES OF TJAGNETIC
CHARGE ENERGY IN A MEDIUM
The problem of magnetic charge dispersion on a free
electrically charged is being studied on the basis
pf classical electrodynamics. The results obtained are
, applied for calculation of ionization losses of magnetic
charge energy in a medium.
434. 'Dooher J. Grumen Research Department, Report RE-410J,
June, 1971.
TRANSITION RADIATION FROM MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
See ref.:
435.' Dooher J. Phys.Rev., 1971, vol.D 3, pp.2652-2660.
TRANSITION RADIATION FROM MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
"
Transition radiation from magnetic monopoles is calcu-
lated. The image picture is applied and compared with the
rigorous solution of Maxwell's equations utilizing the sym-
metry between magnetic and electronic charges. Possible
experimental applications are discussed in searching for
monopoles in accelerators and cosmicradiatio!l.
436. Eberhard P.H., Ross R.R., Alvarez L.M." Watt R.D.
Phys.
Rev., 1971, vol. D4 t No 11, pp. 3260-3272 ..
J
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN LUNAR l\1ATEHIAL
-- ,," .-'
A search for magnetic monopoles in lunar material has
been performed by the electromagnetic measurement of the
magnetic charge of samples. All measurements were found
consistent with zero charge for all samples and inconsis-
tent with any other value allowed by the Dirac theory.
Upper limits are determined for the monopole flux in cosmic
radiation and for the pair-production cross section in
proton-nucleon collisions.
431. Feld B. THE MODEL OF ELEMEIiTARY PARTICLES (In Russian),
Izd. MIR, MOSCOW, 1971, p.434.
438. Fleischer R.L., Hart H.R.,Jr.,lIichols G.E., Price P.B.
General Electric Company Corporate Research and Develop-
ment , No 71-C-102, New York, 1971.
SEA LEVEL SEARCH FOR COSMIC MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
See ref.:
439. Fleischer R.L., Hart H.R.,Jr.,Nichols G.E.,Price P.B.
Phys.Rev., 1971, vol.D4, No 1, pp.24-27.
SEA-LEVEL "SEARCH FOR COSMIC MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
On the hypothesis that the highest-energy cosmic rays
consist at least in part of magnetic monopoles, heavily
ionizing particles have been sought at ground level using
an 18-m
2
array exposed for 630 days. The observable
flux of Dirac monopoles at ground level is less than 1.5 x
10-
9
/m
2
-sec-str with 95% confidence. Monopoles are not the
dominant cause of air showers lowing energies up to 30 x
.. 10
16
. eVe
440. Flovers J.W.
p.187.
Bull.Amer.Phys.soc., 1971, vol.16, No 7,
HIDDEN VARIABLES
The absence of magnetic charge in Maxwell equations
denies symmetry. Quantitative symmetry also appears to be
.denied for electric charge. For charges of each kind havinG
quantitative symmetry through extremely precise quantizatioIl
-,\ t"
- I
Maxwell equations reduce to: 4' E = 'Pe' \1.1.) = ?...,." c (t1 x '3
J E /di T / JL anol -c( 'i7 x .,.. d5/dt 1- dr..,/ Ji
..." ......... - - """-
where P
e
and Pare polarizations. Each kind of charge
'"' ,....m
requires a set of even integers equally divided according "
-to signs with a unit quantum number, a significant number
in the associated collective total. With suitable approxima-
tions and substitutions the usual Maxwell microscopic equa-
tions are derivable from these scale invariant equations.
Evidently scale equations and theories using them, in effect,
neglect symmetry provided by P and Pm and by no Jess than
-e .....
two differential quantum numbers arising with each charge
observed and for each kind. The charge-position variables
P and Pm are hidden or revealed only pai'tially wi th col-
,....e ......
lective and coherent effects associated with large differen-
tial quantum numbers or with uncertainty with small numbers.
441. Goldhaber A.S. and Kieto M.M. Rev.Mod.Phys., 1971, vol.4J,
No J, pp.277-296.
TERRESTRIAL AND EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIMITS ON THE
PHOTON MASS
We give a review of methods used to set a limit on the
mass of the photon. Direct tests for frequency dependence
'oft the speed of light are discussed along with more sensi-
tive techniques which test Coulomb's law and its analog in
magnetostatics. The link between dynamic and static impli-
cations of finiteUis deduced from a set of postUlates that
make Proca's equations the unique generalization of Maxwell's.
We note one hallowed postUlate, that of energy conservation,
which may be tested severely using pulsar signals. We present
the merits of the old methods and of possible new experi-
ments, and discuss other physical implications of finite u.
A simple theorem is proved; for an experiment confined in
dimensions D, effects of finite u are of order (u D)2 -there
is no "resonance
ll
as the oscillation frequency approaches
u(h=c=1).The best results from past are (a) ter-
restrial measurements of c at different frequencies.
441. Gomberoff L., Tolmachev V.
Nuovo Cimento, 1971, vol.3A,
p.G57
. IS PARITY VIOLATED IN E WEAK INTERACTIONS?
The possibility of understanding weak interactions
without violation of parity, by introducing pseudoscalar
charges, is discussed. These pseudoscalar charGes would
tranform under parity as the hypothetical magnetic monopoles.
442. Gurevich 1.1.
Zh.Eksper. i Teor. Fiz. ,1971, vol. 61,
443.
No 5, p.1721 .
SEARCH FOR THE DIRAC MONOPOLES AT THE 70 GeV PROTON
IHEP, SERPUKHOV)
See ref.
Gurevich 1.1., Khakimov S.Kh., V.P.,btishakova A.P.
Ogurtsov V.V., Tarasenov V.G., Barkov L.1'1. and Tarakanov
N.M. Proceedings of the International Conference on
Elementary Particles, Amsterdam, July 1-7, 1971.
444. Han M.Y., Biedenharn L.C.
Nuovo Cimento, 1971, vol.2A,
No 2, pp.544-556.
MAnIFEST DUALITY INVARIANCE IN ELECTRODYNArUCS
AND THE CABIBBO-FERRARI THEORY OF WJ.A.GNETIC
MONOPOLES
One of the intrinsic symmetry properties of the
Maxwell-Lorentz theory of electrodynamics is the invariance
of the theory under " duality" transformation that is a
dual transformation on fields and sources simultaneously.
In this paper we give a manifestly duality-invariant formu-
lation of electrodynamics. This is done by expressing the
electromagnetic field tensors in terms of an anti symmetric
tensor of rank two, called a Hertz tensor, consisting of
electric and magnetic Hertz vector potentials. An equation
is derived which relates the electromagnetic fields when
sources consist of electric charges only, magnetic charGes
only, and both. The present formalism provides a natural
physical basis for the CabibbO-Fcrrari theory in which two
four-vector potentials and a mixed gauge transformation
between them are introduced.
445. Khakimov S.Kh., Martemianov V.P.
pp.75-76.
riroda, 1971, No 5,
SEARCH FOR DIRAC MONOPOLES AT SERPUKHOV ACCELERATOR
, "
446. Jehle H. Phys.Rev., 1971, vol. D3, No 2, pp.J06-J45.
RELATIONSHIP OF FLUX QUANTIZATION TO CHARGE QUAlJTIZATIO
AND THE ELECTROIVIAGNETIC COUPLING CONSTANT
447. Kolm H.R., Villa F., Odian A. Phys.Rev., 1971, vol.D4,
No 5., pp.1285-1296.
SEARCH FOR MONOPOLES
If magnetic monopoles exist, they are evidently too
massive to have been produced in man-made radiation, too
rare to have been observed directly in cosmic radiation,
and too energetic to have accumulated in ferromagnetic
surface minerals. Ocean water of more than the penetration
depth would thermalize monopoles and allow them to accumu-
late in deep-sea sediment. The authors describe apparatus
designed to extract magnetic monopoles from massive quanti-
ties of sediment.
448. Kox A.J. MONOPOLES, 1971, vol.J7, No 15, pp.J77-
378. Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Naturkunde
449. Kukanov A.B., Davydov V.N. optika i Spektroskopia, USSR,
1971, vol.JO, No 5, pp.971-972.
POLARIZATION OF THE RADIATION OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
MOVING IN A CONSTANT AND HOMOGENEOUS ELECTRIC FIELD
(In Russian)
See ref.
i 450. Kukanov A. B., Davydov V. N. opt. Spektr., USSR, Engl. transl.
1971, vol.JO, No 5, pp.516-517.
POLARIZATION'OF THE RADIATION OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
MOVING IN A CONSTANT AND HOMOGENEOUS ELECTHIC FIELD
See ref.
451. Kutyur K.
Priroda (Russ.), 1971, No 5, pp.7J-75.
CHASE FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
452. Lepton and Photon Physics in Europe. Ill: Proceedings
of the Daresbury Study Weekend, 1-J oct.1971, ed. by A.Don-
nachie, p.169.
SEARCH FOR DIRAC MONOPOLES
453. Lubkin E. Amer.J.Phys., 1971, p.94.
A SIMPLE PICTURE FOR DIRAC'S CHARGE-POLE
QUANTIZATION LAW
If something appears to bear a magnetic monopole of
strength g not equal to the quantized charge of Dirac,
as a result of measurement of the magnetic field it
over most of the 4 solid angle, then at least one visible
bar magnet will be found by the electron-optical
metric experiment of Aharonov and Bohm, in the remaining
solid angle.
454. Malkin I.A . , Man' ko V. I. Preprint FIAN SSSR, No 1,1971.
455. Mavrychev Yu.S.
136, 1971.
Izvestia Vuzov, ser.fiz., No 6, pp.1J5-
ON CALIBRATED TRANSFORMATIONS IN A MAGNETIC
MONOPOLE THEORY
,' .
. 456. Martemianov V. P. IHEP,candidate's Thesis,1971,Serpukhov.
SEARCH FOR DIRAC MONOPOLE AT THE 70 GeV
PROTON SYNCHROTRON, IHEP
. 457. McIntosh H. V. GROUP THEORY AND ITS APPLICATIONS. Ed
E.M.Loebl, vol.II,1971, pp.101-105.
458. Mitskevich N.V. PHYSICAL FIELDS IN THE GENERAL
THEORY OF RELATIVITY, Izd. NAUKA,Moscow, 1971.
459. Miller D. T.
p.449.
Proc.Cambridge Phil.Soc.,1971, vol.69,
COMMENTS ON THE CLASSICAL THEORY OF lVTAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
The classical theory of electromagnetism with both
electric and magnetic charges is discussed. Following
Gamblin(l) we proceed from an action principle ond investi-
gate the resulting particle equations. A constant theory
in which electrically and magnetically charged particles
interact amongst themselves ?nd with each other, without
any constraints, is shown to be possible in contrast to
the conclusions of Gamblin. The introduction of constrai.nts
is considered
. 460. Newmeyer J.L., Trefil J.S.
p.1509.
Phys.Rev.Lett., 1971, vol.26,
MODEL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PARTICLES WITH SUPER-
STRONG INTERACTION: ESTIM.;TES OF LOWER BOUNDS ON
THE QUARK AND MONOPOLE MASSES
When particles like quarks and magnetic monopoles are
produced in pairs, there is a suppression of the production
due to the superstrong attractive forces which exist betwee
the constituents of the pair. We present an approximate way
of incorporating this effect into a production model and
.-
estimate lower bounds on the masses of the particles from
present experimental data using our method in conjunction
with the standard statistical model.
' ..
. 461. Newmeyer J.L. University of Virginia, Dept.of Physics,
Charlottesville,Virginia,1971.
SPECULATIONS ON INDIRECT SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
462. Newmeyer J.L.- Univ.of Virginia, Dept. of Physics,
Charlottesville, Virginia, July 27, 1971.
A LETTER TO DR.TREFIL J.S.

463. NO MONOPOLES. Sci. News, 1971, vol.99, No 7, p.115.
464. Ozaki S. 9-43 Ochiai, Nishimachi, Chiryushi, Aichikcn,
472, Japan, 1971.
o (4) SYMMETRY OF THE HYDROGEN ATOM WITH rIL'IGNErrIC
MONOPOLE AND WITH INVERSE SQUARE DISTANCE POTENTIt.L
465. Peshkin M. Ann. Phys. (N. Y. ) ,1971, vol. 66 t No2, pp. 542-547
ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA OF THE EUCLIDEAN GROUP
WITH APPLICATION FOR MAGNETIC CHARGE QUANTIZATION
A simple treatment of the algebra of the Euclidean
group E 3 is based on the introduction of a second group
of rotations. Diracts quantization of magnetic charge
appears as the quantization of the generator of rotations
about the axis connecting the electric and magnetic charges
466. Pestov A.B. JINR, Dubna,P2-5798, 1971.
CONNECTION BETWEEN THE DIRAC NAD THE MAXWELL
EQUATIONS
It is shown that in the Dirac equations over the
. Klifford Algebra the Maxwell equ2tions and some other field
equations are contained. The connection between the dualj. ty
rotation for the neutrino and electromagnetic fields, is
established.
461. Picasso E. European Organization for NUclear Research,
CERN, Geneva, 1971.
QUANTUM ELECTRODYNA1IICS: PRESENT STATUS OF THE
THEORY
~ 4 6 8 Rzazewski K., Acta Phys.Polon.,1971, vol.B2,pp.707-711.
ON THE MOTION OF DYONS
The paper deals with the problem of motion of two
dyons (particles with electric and magnetic chnrges) in
relativistic classical mechanics. It is shown that the
Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rules lend to an exact formula
for energy levels.
470. Schwinger J. Uspekhi Fiz.Nauk, 1971, vol.103, p.355.
A MAGllliTIC MONOPOLE OF ~ T T E R (In Russian)
See ref.
471. Strazhev V.I. Vestsi Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR, sere fiz.-
mat., 1971, No 1, pp.106-112.
TO THE PROBLEM OF THE CLASSICAL THEORY OF MAGNE'l'IC
CHARGE
A possibility of a limiting transition to electro-
dynamics of electrically and magnetically charged particles
at a universality of g/e ratio, which is equivalent to a
particle electrodynamics wi th one effective charge fA ,:= ,
t. ~ .'11.; -..
~ T ~ J is considered as a correctness cri terion for
a magnetic charge theory.
The approach with two independent potentials does not
satisfy this criterion contradictory to an approach based
on a singularity line introduction at preservation of one
independent potential.
From the analysis to build a classical theory of a
magnetically charged particle it follows that introduction
of the magnetic charge is not connected with the increase of
a number of degrees of freedom.for an electromagnetic field.
472. Strazhev V.I. Izvestia Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR, sere fiz.-
mat., 1971, ,No- 5'f72.
DUAL -SYMMETRY OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
,-.
473. Strazhev V.I. Doklady Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR,1971, vol.1S,
No 10, pp.885-888.
TO THE CONDITION OF CHARGED QUANTIZATION IN A
MAGNETIC CHARGED THEORY
474. Tarkhanian R.G. Dokl.Akad.Nauk Arm.SSR,1971 , vol.53,
No 3, pp.156-161.
ELECTRODYNAMICS OF DUAL CHARGED PARTICLES
Develops a dual-charged electrodynamics in contrast
to Dirac.
475. Tomil'chik L.M. Lecture at International School of young
Scientists, Gomel, 1971, (JINR,Dubna, 2-6371
MAGNETIC CHARGE PROBLEM
476. Tompkins D.R.,Jr. Phys.Rev., 1971, vol.D 4,p.1268.
WOULD SHOV/h1t CORES OR RELATIVISTIC MOnOPOLES PRODUCE
STRIGHT LIGHTNING?
Can the atmosphere below thunderclouds act as a giant
spark chamber for the detection of ultra high-energy
cores or relativistic monopoles?
The return stroke of ordinary lightning is crooked
because the stepped leader is crooked and changes directiOL
at most steps. In multiple strokes the subsequent strokes
are preceded by a leader following the ionization channel
. .
of the previous return stroke. The cause of leaders oc-
casionally leaving old stroke channels is found to be atomic
and molecular negative ions inside and outside old stroke
channels respectively. From this it is shovm that the io-
nization in shower cores and possibly that in monopole p2ths
would be capable of carrying a lightning leader ""lhich WC:lld
then be straight and result in a straight return stroke. An
important question is: would the ionization from a shower
core or relativistic monopole initiate a lightning leader?
It is shmVD that radio emission plus shower counter data
may be able to answer this. Artificial initiation of lightnir:g
shows that even thunderclouds without spontaneous lightning
maintain large potential gradients over large areas for
significant periods of time. Straight lightning may lack
the normal preleader radio emission of spontaneous lightning.
Thundercloud conditions for straight lightning may be more

favourable over ocean than land areas.
477. Trefil J.S., Newmeyer J.L. Bull.Arner.Soc., 1971, vol.16,
No 4, p.528.
A MODEL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PARTICLES WITH
EfTERACTIONS AND AN ESTnIA'l'E OF
TlIE LOWER BOUND OF QUARK AND MAG1TE'l'ICJ.IONOPOLE
MASSES ..
-We present a semi-classical treatment of the final-
state interactions that inhibit the free production
of such superstrongly interacting particles as quarks and
magnetic monopoles, which must be produced in pairs. This
treatment can be incorporated into any standard production
model. Using the Hagedorn statistical model of strone;
interactions as our production model, and assuming that
monopoles and quarks have a component that interact stronGly
with the hadrons we are able to set new lower limits on the
particles' masses of 3.2 GeV for the Dirac monopole ( eg)hc=
1/2 and 1.75 GeV for the quark. We also find that unless the
monopole mass' is below the currently popular value of 5
GeV it is unlikely that we shall observe that particle directl
478. Yoshio yamaguchi
pp.1605-1607.
J.Phys. Soc. Japan, 1971, vol.31, No 6,
A POSSIBILITY OF P,T VIOLATING BUT C=PT
CONSERVING STRONG INTERACTIONS
A possibility of P- and T-. violating but C=PT conser-
ving strong interactions is discussed. It is pointed out
'that there exist strong interaction models in which P and
T reasonably well satisfied at low momentum treafer regions
,while they are violated in large momentum tresfer phenomena.
(Another possibility is given by C- and T- violating but
P=CT invariant strong interactions). The two pion decay of
the neutral keon can naturally be interpreted
as the clash between C(or P) conserving strong interactions
and T invariant weak couplings
.
This type of strong interaction model can naturally
be on the basis of Schwinger's dyon theory.It
is suggested that the mass of syons ( dually charged particles
is roughly fifteen times nucleon mass.
479. Zrelov V.P., Kollarova L., Kollar D., PavloviC P., Ruzicka J.,
S'abasov M.F., Sulek P., Janik R. 1971, Dubna, USSR,
Proceedings of the International Conference on Instrumentation
for High-Energy Physics. 1971, pp.479-481.
METHODS FOR SEARCHING FOR MAGNETIC CHAHGES USING
HIGH-ENERGY ACCELERATORS
Equipment was designed for making a search for Dirac's
monopole in the internal beam of the 70 GeV proton synchro-
tron. A proton beam is aimed at a target of optical quartz.
Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation originates in the target and
is emitted through windows of the accelerator. Discrimination
of charged particles according to the polarized Vavilov-
Cherenkov radiation may be enhanced through use of a sup-
plementary analyzer, based on a difference in the reflecting
abili ty of light of different polarizat.ions from glass surl'ace
close to Brewster's angle.
480. Zwanziger D. Phys.Rev., 1971, vol. D. 3, p.880.
LOCAL-LAGRANGIAN QUANTUM FIELD THEORY OF ELECTRIC AND
MAGNETIC CHARGES
We present a local LagrangiaL density, depending on
a pair of four-potentials A and B , and charged fields
with electric and magnetic charges e and g. The result-
n n
ing local Lagrangian field equations are equivalent to
Maxwell's and Dirac's equations.
The Lagrangian depends on a fixed four-vector, so
manifect isothropy is lost and is regianed only for quantized
values of ( en gm- gn em). This condition results :rom the
requirement that the of the Poincare group.
The finite Lorentz transformation laws of A,B and are
presented here for the first time. The familiar apparatus
of Lagrangian theory is applied to. yield directly
the canonical-commutation relations the energy-momentum
tensor, and Feynman's rules.
.,:- . .. . .
. '.
. .
. . ". .
. .
. .--
. . ~
.
.
. '", ."
..' ", 1972

. .
. .
J
, .
1972
481. Adair R.K. proceedings of the XVI International Conf.
on High Energy Physics, 1972, Chicago, vol. 4,pp.307-J1:J.
PRESENT POSITION AND FUTURE PROSPECTS POR DISCOVERY
OF NEW PARTICLES
.
Review of particle searches including monopoles.
482. Amaldi E. and Cabibbo In: ASPECTS OF QUANTUM THEORY,
ed. by Salen A. and Wigner E.P., Cambridge, University
Press, 1972, pp.183-212.
483.
ON THE DIRAC MAGNETIC POLES
Bakesigaki A., Inomata A., Friedel J.
Soc., 1972, vol.17, No 4, p.515.
GEOMETRIC MODEL FOR DY01:TIUM
Bull.Amer. Phys.
Earut's dyonium is a two-dyon atom treated in an SO(4,2)
scheme to give the baryon or meson towers.
484. Barkov L.M., Gurevich 1.1., Zolotarev M.S.,Makar'ina L.A.
485.
Martem'yanov V.P., Mishakova A.P., Ogurtsov V.V.,Okhapkin
V.S., Tarakanov M.N., Tarasenkov V.G., Khakimov S.Kh.,and
Chernysheva- L.A. Proceedings of the XVI Int. Conf. on
High Energy Physics, Chicago, 1972, vol.2, pp.336-339.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AT THE 70 GeV
.".
IPHE PROTON SYNCHROTRON
6"'(95%) 1.4 x 10-
43
at Serpukhov using a
ferromagnetic tape.
Bartlett D.F., Lahana M.D.
pp.1817-1823.
Phys.Rev., 1972, vol.D 6,
SEARCH FOR TACHYON I1IONOPOLES
We have searched for a magnetically charged particle
that travels faster than light. These particles would be
detected by the Cherenkov radiation they emit moving in a
\
magnetic field. We that the cross sections for
photoproduction of these particles by 1 MeV gamma-rays
in lead and water are less than 0.6 x 10-
36
cm
2
and 2 x 10-
3
cm
2
respectively. These results are subject to some
assumptions about the hypothetical particles.
486. Bartlett D.F., Lahana M.D. University of Colorado, Dept.of
Physics and Astrophysics, Colorado,1972,
SEARCH FOR TACHYON MOnOPOLES
See ref.
487. Baru t A. o. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 1972.
LECTURES ON MAGNETIC CHARGES AND THE ELEC'llRQI.1.A,GKETIC
THEORY OF HADRONS AND STRONG INTERACTIONS
488. Barut A.O. International Center for Theoretical Physics,
IC/72/114, Trieste, Italy,1972.
FERMION STATES OF A BOSON FIELD
,The spin 1/2 bound state of two spinless doubly-chr:rged
particles (dyons) provides ar.other example of a fermior.
state of the underlyir.g electromagnetic boson field and,
contrary to recent claims, does not require
statistics for the spin 0 dyons.' The wave functions of dyonium are
.-. 2 2 2
shown to be elements of the space L (R S ). A generali-
zation of the Ehrenfest-Oppenheimer Theorem is given.
,",
489. Barut A.O. Phys.Lett., 1972, vol. 38B, p.97.
SUPERSELECTION RULE FOR MAGNETIC CHARGES
AND THE SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
We show that (a) one can construct a quantum mechanics
of particles with electric and pseudoscalar magnetic
charges in which parity and time reversal are conserved,
(b) in chiral invariant and parity invariant theory
there is no sUperselection rule for magnetic charges,
I g> \ - g>, in which the of the
magnetic charge vanishes cannot be split in electromagnetic
interactions by energy measurement. The hypothesis that
. ,
490.
n
mngnetic occur in the superpositions
can possibly be tested.
Borzin G.L. Univ. of Colorado, Ph.D.Thesis.
491. Brand R.A.,Vinciarelli P.
p.254.
Lett. Nuovo Cim., 1972,vol.3,
STRUCTURE ON THE WEAK INTERACTION
.
. 492. Chang Chen-Kun Phys.Rev., 1972, vol.D 5, No 4., pp.950-963
MAGNETIC QUARKS AND ELECTRIC QUARKS IN HADRONS
Dirac's magnetic monopoles are generalized to
aspects which are similar to the conventional quarks (elect-
ric quarks). Such mrgnetic monopoles are called magnetic quark
This work assumes that a baryon consists of three solid
bodies called electromagnetic quarks, and that an electrL
magnetic quark and an electromagnetic anti quark form a meson.
Each of these electromagnetic quarks is considered to be
composed of one electric quark and one mngnetic anti quark.
,Such a speculation solves difficulty in statisitcs faced
by the paraquark model and allows the existence of anomalous
charge conjugation parity C of mesonic states. New baryon
mass relations and magnetic moments have been derived. Finally,
a strong electric dipole moment is predicted to exist in
a baryon state with non-zero electromagnetic-quark orbital
angular momentum, L O
. ,
493. Efinger H.J.
From Symposium on the Structure of Matter
1972, Portland, International Scholarly Book Services,
Inc., p.158.
MAGNETIC POLES AND QUANTIZATION
Model for interaction between electric and magnetic
charges. Interaction takes place in a uniform magnetic field.
Motion of electrically charged p:lrticles is then subject to
a simple quantization condition.
494. Feneul1e s., Crube11ier A. J.Phys.A (London), Gen.Phys.,
1972, vol. 5, No 7, pp.944-949.
QUATERNIONIC SOLUTIONS FOR THE RELATIVIS!!'IC KEPLER
PRODLEM 'flTH HAGNETIC CHARGES
The relativistic Kepler problem in Dirac form is solved
by means of a quaternionic method for particles having both
electric and magnetic charges. The variables in spherical
coordinates can be separated in a simple way and the results
obtained are similar to those which are valid for the usual
hydrogen atom.
495. Gryzinski M. Phys.Lett., 1972, yo1.47, No 2, pp.678-692.
FREE-FALL SOLUTION OF THE KEPLER PROBLEM IN THE
PRESENCE OF THE MAGNETIC r.lOMENT
.-496. Gurevich 1.1., Khakimov S.Kh., Martemianov A.P.:
Makar'ina L.A., Ogurtzov V.V., Tarasenkov V.G., Chernyshova L.!
Barkov L.M., Zolotarev M.S., Ohapkin V.S., N.M.
Sov.Phys.Eng1.Trans1.: JETP, 1972, vo1.34, p.917.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC HONOPOLES AT THE 70 GeV
IPHE PROTON SYNCHROTRON
See ref.
497. R.N. and Chia T.T.
vo1.240, p.133.
Nature - Phys.Sci., 1972,
ACCRETION VORTICES AND X-RAY SOURCES
_Discusses magnetized stars. Does not suggest how
proposed monopole strength is introduced.
498. Gurevich 1.1., Khakimov S. Kh., l-fartemianov V. P., Mishakova A. P
Makar1ina L.A., Ogurtzov V.V., Tarasenkov V.G.,
i
L.A., Barkov L.M., Zolotarev M.S., Ohapkin V.S., Tarakanov
N.M. Phys.Letters, 1972, vo1.38B, pp.549-550.
499.
500 .
501.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AT THE 70 GEV
IPHE PROTON SYNCHROTRON
The result of a search for magnetic charged particles
at the 70 GeV IPHE proton synchrotron is presented. Using
the ferromagnetic trap method the upper limit of the
magnetic monopole production cross-section in proton-nucleoJ
-43 ?
collisions waS found to be e-- (95%) 1.4 x 10 cm-.
Jehle H. Phys.Rev.,1972, vol. D 6, No 2, p.44l.
FLUX QUANTIZATION AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
Jehle H. George Washington University Preprint,1972.
"-
.. ;- NOT A MONOPOLE PAPER
Suggests that a quark be considered as a closed quantized
flux loop if interlinked with other flux loops.
See ref.:
Joseph A. Phys.Rev., 1972, vol.5, No 2, pp.3l3-320.
MAGNETIC SPIN MONOPOLE FROH THE vANG-MILLS FIELD
A generalization of the magnetic monopole has been
.-
derived in the context of the Yang-Mills field.This is
achieved through the obsej-vation that the quantization
of the ordinary magnetic monopole derives from closure
of the angular momentum and magnetic field components
on the Lie algebra of the Euclidean group E(3) and the
fact that the Yang-Hills field is the gene'alization of
the 1-faxwell field obtained by replacing the ordina ry
derivative by a co-variant derivative. This leads to
defining equations for the generalized monopole which
are explicitly solved for the case when SV(2) is the
gauge group of the field. The resultin{! system refer'red
to as the spin monopole, is investigated in some detail.
502. Klotz A.H.
354.
Acta Phys.Pol., 1972, vol. B3, No 3, pp.34l-
_ 503.
504.
50S.
REVISED UNIFIED FIELD THEORY
A further development of the Einstein-Knuffmnn
nonsymmetric unified field theory is
spherically symmetric solutions of the field equations are
considered. It is shown that there does not exist a solution
corresponding to a magnetic monopole.In the purely electric
case, one of Papapetrou's solutions is recovered and a _
new "cosmological" solution is found in which the spacc-:time
metric is that of a flat Minkowski world but a diverging
electric field is present.It is pointed out that the theory
may be significant an account of matter.
Konopleva N.P., Popov V.N.
1<)72, p.84.
CALIBRATED FIELDS, Hoscow,
M.Ilhanthappa K.T. Department of Physics University of
Color.lldo, Boulder, Colorado, 1972.
Comments on STATES OF A BOSON FI ELD"
by A.O.Barut
M.Ilhanthappa K.T Phys.Rev., vol.D6, 1972, p.102R.
.
PARASTATISTICS, DYONS AND DYONIU1-.f
-Jt is pointed out that if the bound st.llte (BS) of two
normal or para-particles (say,dyons) having electric and
( e
1
, e
2
) is a normal or para-particle,
(i) the BS is a normal or para-boson if both dyons arc
or para-hosons or normal or para-fermions, and (ii) it is
a normnl or pnra-fermion if one dyon is a normal or para-
boson and the othe a normnl or fermion. This observa-
tion combined with the connection between spin and
J
statistics and the Dirac
;
yields only inter--er values of Y for.the BS. Thus the
"_ 1 ").) __
506.
507.
dyonium model of proton expounded by Barut is invAlidated.
But it can be rescued if the connection between
spin and statistics is vioL'1.ted for dvonc; so th,'lt onc of
the spinless dyons, of which the dyonium is mnde, is n
normal boson the othe spin-O-fermion. Comments are
made this violation the lineq of Grer.nbC1t
and Messiah. Also, comments Are m:lde concerning the sit':ni-
ficance of the O(4,2)-wave equation used by 13arut in the
Telativistic rlomain ( in Ref.q).
V.P., Kh:}kimov S.Kh.
Moscow, 1972.
Tnst. of Atomic
SLOl'IING-DOWN OF THE DIRAC MONOPOLES IN METALS AND
AND FERRm1AGNETIC SUBSTANCES
f.fartemianov V. P., Khakimov S. Kh.
vol.62, No 1, pp.35-41.
Zh.Eksp.Teor.Fiz., lQ72,
SLOlHNG-DOWN OF THE DIRAC MONOPOLES IN METAILS
AND
Estimates are made of slowing-down of the Dirac monopole
in metals and It is shown ferromagnetic
substances in strong magnetic fields

G) are effective
traps for magnetic monopoles.
508. TOPICS IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS - IN
SCATTERING THEORY AND MAGNETIC ?-fONOPOLE PRODUCTION
509.
.'.
V.P., Khakimov S.Kh. Sov.Phys.-Eng:l.Transl. :
JETP, 1972, vol.35, p.20.
OF THE DIRAC ?-fONOPOLE IN HETALS AND
FERRO!-tAGNETIC SUBSTANCES
f; \
I
.. ,
.:. :J
510.
511.
512.
Murai N. Prog.Theor.Phys.,1972, vol.47,No 2,pp.678-692.
ON AN ANALOGUE OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLE IN A
GENERAL GAUGW FIELD
The concept of an analogue of magnetic is intro-
duced into the Yang-Mills field by reference to locnl
singularities of the calssical field. On the basis of tho
gauee-invariant and path-dependent formalism the one -
valuedness of the path-dependent quantities for a scalar
field interacting with the Yang-Mills field imposes 8
quantum cond.ition on the coupling constant. When the Yang-
Mills field is analytic in spacetime, this property leads
to consistency condition analogous to the homogeneous MaxwelJ
equations and to Bianchi identities in the theory of the
general relativity. A simple example with a non-trivia!
(non-zero quantum number) quantum condition is presented
in a way compatible with the framework of non-relativistic
quantum mechanics where the Yang-Mills field works on the
scalar field as can external field. Additional remarks on
more general gauge fields are appended.
Newmeyer J. L. Univ. of Virginia, Thesis,1972.
TOPICS IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS- APPROXIMATIONS IN
MULTIPLE SCATTERING THEORY AND MAG1TETIC MONOPOLE
PRODUCTION
Second part of thesis covers magnetic monopole production.
Prediction .
production cross sections for nucleons and
photons.
Newmeyer J.L., Trefil J.S. Phys.Lett., 1972, vol.J8B,
No 7, pp.524-526.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE PRODUCTION BY VIRTUAL PHOTONS
we estimate the magnetic monopole pair production
cross section from internal virtual photons in pp-col-
lisions. Comparing predictions to the only accelerator
experiment to date gives a lower mass lind t M 5 GoV
for monopoles produced by this mechanism. Comparison to
the Lunar data is made, and provided one accepts several
assumptions, a limit of M 100 GeV is obtained. The
inclusion of final state interaction between monopole
and antimonopole is found not to modify the
features of the other results.
513. Newmeyer J.L. and Trefil J.S., Nuovo Cimento, 1972,
vol. 8 A, No 4, pp.70J-721.
514.
SPECULATIONS ON INDERECT SEARCHES FOR MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
The superstrong interaction between amgnetic suppresses
the production rate of free monopoles and antimonopoles
below what one would expect on the basis of standard pro-
duction models, since, even when a monopole and an anti-
monopole are created, it is very likely they will be
drawn together annihilate rather than escape each other.
This makes it very difficutt to search for them directly.
In this paper we speculate on the feasibility of various
techniques which could be used to infer the existence of
monopoles indirectly. In particular, it may sometimes be
possible to recognize a monopole antimonopole annihilation
by its products, which for our pruposes we take to be
showers of photons. Our conclusions as to the appropriate-
ness of various methods as a function of monopole mass and
(magnetic) charge are summarized in Fig.2; the indirect
methods are expected to be suited to look for monopoles
of high magnetic charge.
Pant D. N.
pp.225-227.
J.Phys. A(London): Gen.Phys., 1972, vol.5, No 2,
EXTERNAL FIELD OF A NONSTATIC ISOLATED SYSTEM IN
BON}10R'S UNIFIED FIELD THEORY
The,field equations of Bonnor's unified theory have been
considered to obtain the external field of a general non-
static spherically symmetric isolated system
electric and magnetic charges associated with matter.It
has been found that there exists only one nontrivial
and it represents a static isolated maenetic monopole.
515. Ramana Murthy P. V. Proceedings of the I. Symp. High
Energy Phys., Eombay, 1972,pp.187-205.
516.
517.
STATUS REPORT ON ELUSIVE PARTICLES
Review of particle searches including upper limits .
as of 1972.
Rzazewski K. Warsaw University, Inst. of Theor.Phys.,
Warsaw, Poland, 1972.
ON THE MOTION OF DYONS
Strazhev V. I.
pp.200-208.
Theor.Mat.Fiz., 1972, vol.1), No 2,
DUAL SYMMETRY OF QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS
It is shown that dual symmetry formulation of quantum
electrodynamics can be given not introducing a new type
of particles - The Dirac monopoles. Basing on this conception
an analysis of a magnetic charge quantum theory is made.
There has been given a new argument in favour of the ooli-
gatery character of charge quantization condition in the
theory.
518. . Strazhev V.I., Nguen Vin Kvang Yadern.Fiz., 1972, vol.16,
No J, pp.614-619.
ABOUT DISCRETE SYMMETRIES IN ELECTRODYNAMICS
It is shown that the traditional character of trans-
formation of electromagnetic field under space inversion
and t ~ m reversal is a particular case of the most common
transformations. It is based on the possibility to formu-
late electrodynamics with one type of charge in dual sym-
metrical form.
519. Strazhev V. I. Materials of the Second All-Union Conference
of Young Scientists, Minsk, 1972.
520. Schi ff H.
1067.
Canad. J. Phys., 1972, vol. 50, ' No 11, pp. 1062-
DUALLY CHARGED PARTICLES AND DUAL INVARIANCE
Dual charges are introduced which differ essentially
from the conventional(Dirac) magnetic monopoles. A natural
vehicle is shown to be a dual invariant Lagrangian to
represent observable charges; the dual invariance can be
broken in a simple way by a class of dually charged ob-
jects which exhibit no electromagnetic interaction with
obser-.,rable dually charged particles. A triplet formulatior;
can also be obtained and may be of interest in providing a
basic description of bosons and fermions.
521. Suh P.K. and Erickson W., Plasma Phys., 1972, vol.14,p.981.
DISPERSION RELATION FOR CHERE1TKOV RADIATION OF
MOVING TEST PARTICLES IN A MAGNETOPLASlV1J..
The general radiative criterial for the Cherenkov spectrum
emitted from moving test particles in a magnetoplasma are
investigated by analyzing the radiative dispersion
The radiative criteria are given in explicit forms that are
readily adaptable to the calculation of radiatior.s
from various test partic lese The results of the analysis '::a;,re
a bearing on a number of astrophysical and terrestrial prooler
as well as on the laboratory determination of the test par-
ticle properties.
522. Tiwari R., Pant D.N.
pp.394-400.
J.Phys.A(London),1972, vol.5, No J,
NO:NEXISTENCE OF ISOLATED CHARGED MONOPOLES IN
UNIFIED FIELD THEORIES
The possibility of the existence of isolated electric chargE
giving rise to a spherically symmetric electrostatic field
has been considered in each of the unified field theories
of Einstein, Schrodinger and Bonnor. It has been proved that
none of these theories admits such a p6ssibility.
523. Tiwari rt., Pant D.L, Bandaras Hindu _India, 1972.
J ' .
NONEXISTENCE OF ISOLATED CHARGED MONOPOLES IN UNIFIED
FIELD THEORIES
524. Tomiltchik L.M. In: International School of Young
Physicists on High Energy Physics, Gomel, 1971. Dubna,
1972, JINR 2-6371, p.144.
MAGNETIC CHARGE PROBLEM
525. Usachev Yu.D. P.N.Lebedev phys.Inst.Acad. of Sci. USSR,
Preprint FIAN,Ne111, Moscow, 1972.
ACTUAL STATES OF THE PROBLEM OF THE MAGNETIC
CHARGE
( In Russian )
526. Usachev Yu.D. Translated at CERU from Russian, CERN-
Transl.-72-1.
ACTUAL STATES OF THE PROBLEM OF THE MAGNETIC
CHARGE
527. Vinciarelli P.
pp.3419-3421.
Phys.Rev., 1972, vol. D6, No 12,
MONOPOLE THEORY WITH POTENTIALS
The Cabibbo-Ferrari two-potentials formalism is used
to construct a representation of the gauge-independent
electrically and magnetically charged Mandelstarn field.
This representation is applied to convert the Cabibbo-
Ferrari-Coleman formulation of monopole theory into a
,
more conventional one in terms .of gauge-dependent fields
and potentials.
528. Vinti J. P. J.Geophysical Res., 1972, vol.77, p.2404.
TESTING GEOMAGNETIC DATA BY INCLUDING A MONOPOLE
TERM IN THE SPHERICAL HARMONIC REDUCTION
If cosmic rays incident on the aarth contained
unequal numbers of positive and negative monopoles or
if the latter were present in unequnlnumbers at the
time of the formation of the earth, o ~ would expect the
earth to have a small magnetic monopole moment.
529. Wilcox Comments Astrophys. Space Phys., 1972,
vol. 4,p.141.
WHY DOES THE SUN SOMETlliffiS LOOK LIKE A MAGNETIC
MONOPOLE
Reviews puzzling observation of an apparent solar
magnetic monopole in 1965.
530. Yamaguchi Y. J.Phys.Soc. Japan ,1972,
A POSSIBILITY OF PARITY NON-CONSERVING
STRONG INTERACTIONS
A possibility of parity-violating strong interac-
tions is discussed. A particular emphasis is amde in
order to understand the unique situation: the parity
conservation could be satisfied with very good accura-
cies for 'low energy phenomena in nuclear and particle
physics even when strong interactions are P-violating.
531. Zavada J. M.F., Jr. Phys.Rev., 1972, vol.D 6, No 2,
pp.677-696.
MAGNETIC DIPOLE MOMENT OF THE ELECTRON IN THE
LADDER APPROXIMATIOn
\ '
In order to calculate the magnetic dipole moment of
the ,electron in a manner, the vertex
function of quantum electrodynamics is studied in the
Ladder approximation. The vertex function is written
as the sum of form factors and coupled linear integral
'equations are derived for these form factors. After con-
verting the system of integral equations into differen-
tial equations, the form factors are expressed by means
of an infinite series. By using the leading term in the
series solution the approximation is considered in the
limit of a large coupling constant g, and the electric
dipole moment A, of a monopole with mass 11
is found to be -v[ l2: g/2M. Assuming the neutron
to be a bound state of magnetic monopoles, the electric
-13
dipole moment of the neutron is estimated as being 10 e
cm.
532. Zrelov V.P., Kollar D., Pavlovich P., Ruzicka J., Shabashov
M.F., Shulek P., Janik R., Sidorova V.I.
Inventoro
t
sertificate No 330192.
BUlletin OIPOTZ No 16, Moscow, 1912, p.241.
533. Zrelov V.P., Kollarova L., Kollar D., Lupil'tsev V.P.,
Pavlovich P., Ruzicka J., Sidorova V.I., Shabashov M.F.,
Sulek P., and Janik R.
534.
proceedings. of the XVI International Conference' on High
Energy Physics, J.D. Jackson, A. Roberts, and R.Donaldson -
Ed., 1912, vol.2, pp.340-343.
PRELIMINARY EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ON A SEARCH J?OR
THE DIRAC MONOPOLE AT THE 10 GEV lHEP SYNCHROTRON
USING RADIATION
Zwanziger D. Phys.Rev., 1912, vol. D 6, pp.458-410.
ANGULAR DISTRIBUTIONS AND A SELECTION RULE
IN CHARGE-POLE REACTIONS
In the scattering of electrically and magnetically
charged particles, it is found that, besides the orbital
and spin angular momentum of each particle, there is a
residual angular momentum in the electromagnetic field of
the in or out scattering states.
1973
535. Acharya R. and Horvath Z. Nuovo Cimento Lett.,1913,vol.8,
No 8, pp.513-519.
TAYLOR'S NONCLASSICAL THEORY OF MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES AS A SPONTANEOUSLY BROKEN U
LI
x
URI MODEL
Monopole is static limit has no charge and is not
an inverse square field. Ge't C
t
P r (T() violation.
Predictions:
Electron mass
Electron electric dipole moment
Zero magnetic charge in static limit
536. AGAIN ON THE MONOPOLE (In Russian),
1973, No 9, p.17.
Nauka i Zhizn(Russ.),
537. Bacry H. and Kubar-Andre J. Int. J.Theor.Phys., 1913,
538.
539.
No 1-2, vol.1, pp.39-47.
GALILEAN INVARIANCE AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The existence of Dirac monopoles is shown to be
incompatible with Galilean invariance. A discussion
follows on the interpretation of monopoles physics in
a Galilean approximation.
Barut A. o. Proceedings of the Schladming Winter School,

Int. Cent. for Theor.Phys., IC/13/34 t Trieste,1913.
"",
r
...
Barut A.O., Bornzin G.L. Phys.Rev., 1973, vol. D 1, p.3018
NEW RELATIVISTIC COULOMB HAMILTONIAN WITH
0/4/ AND A SPINOR REALIZATION OF
THE DYNAMICAL GROUP 0/4,2/
The DiraC-Coulomb Hamiltonian with simple modifica-
tion of the scalar potential corresponding to switchinG
off the interaction of the small components is solved by
a new "squaring" procedure and is shown to describe a system
possessing 0/4/ symmetry. The new realization of the gene-
rators of the corresponding 0/4,2/ dynamical group shows f
non-trivial but natural mixing of the space and spin coor-
dinates in which the total angular momentum replaces the
usual orbital angular momentum.
540. Barut A.O.
1973.
Int.Cent. for Theor.Phys, IC/73/33, Trieste,
THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF SPITTING THE SUPERPOSITION OF
STATES OF OPPOSITE MAGNETIC CHARGES IN EXTERNAL
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
See ref.
The postulated coherent states of magnetic charges
= tg) I-g) are shown to obey a superselection ru]
as in the case of the eigenstates of electric charge; an
important result for the problem of experimental detectior
of magnetic monopoles.
Barut A. o. Int.Cent.for Theor.Phys.,Trieste,l973.
MAGNETIC CHARGES AND STRINGS AS BUILDING BLOCKS
OF HADRONS-CONNECTION BETWEEN ELECTROMAGNETIC AND
DUAL STRINGS
Starting from a very simple physical model involving
magnetic charges, it is shown how one can obtain the
internal dynamical properties of hadrons.
542. Barut A.O. Proceedings of the Schladming Winter School
!nt.Cent.for Theor.Phys., IC/73/34, Trieste, 1973.
543. Baru t A. o.
1973.
Int.Cent.for Theor.Phys., . IC/73/74 , Trieste,
MANGETIC CHARGES AND STRINGS AS BUILDING BLOCKS
OF HADRONS-C01
T
NECTION BETWEEN ELECTROMAGNETIC
AND DUAL STRINGS
Suggests that magnetic charge occurs in parity eigon'
states rather than in eigenstates of magnetic charge.
Discusses string excitations.
544. Barut A.O. and Foster D. Int.Cent.for Theor.Phys.,
10/73/105, Trieste, 1973.
RELATION BETWEEN THE DUAL STRING AND THE.
DmAC STRING
We compare the singular part of the action in Diracts
theory of magnetic charges with the action of the string
in dual models and find that they are identical up to an
inifinite factor; A method of regularization is proposed
in the direction perpendicular to the world sheet of the
string. The regularization width is related to the slope
of Regge trajectories via the Dirac quantization condition
for magnetic charges. The connection between the two
theories is important in the study of interactions of the
string with external electromagnetic fields.
545. Barut A. o. Phys.Lett.,1973, vol. 46B, No 1, pp.81-82.
THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF SPLITTING THE SUPERPOSITION
OF STATES OF OPPOSITE MAGl'JETIC CHARGES IN EXTERNAL
FIELDS. AN ANTI-SUPERSELECTION RULE
The postulated coherent states of magnetic charges
'A') = Ig) I-g) are shown to obey a superselection rule
.+
as-in the case of eigenstates of electric charge; an
important result for the problem of experimental detection
of magnetic monopoles.
546. Barut A. o.
p.565.
Acta Physica Suppl., vol.11,1973
MAGNETIC CHARGES AND STRINGS AS A BUILDING BLOCK STRINGS
OF HADRON CONNECTION BETWEEN ELECTROMAGNETIC AND DUAL \,--
547. Barut A.O., Carmeli M., Malin S.
vol.77, pp.454-470.
Ann.Phys.(N.Y.),1973 j
OF RADIATION IN
OF FUNCTIONS OVER THE GROUP SU
2
Carmelits group theoretical analysis of Maxwellts
equations, in which the field variables ,are considered
as functi.ons over the group SU
2
, 10 extended to the gene-
ral formulation of the problem of ocattering of electro-
magnetic waves. The relevant complex functions, defined
over the group SU
2
, are explicitly given in terms of
-electric and magnetic phase shifts. They are shown to
have a simple physical meaning in the ~ zone. The
general expressions for the differential and total
cross sections are defined. The differential cross sec-
tion is shovm to be the sum of two non-interfering
spherical waves, which can be considered as the spheri-
cal wave analogue of the positive and negative helicities
of plane waves.
548. Bellac M. Le., LevY-Leblond' J. M.
p.217.
Nuovo Cim., 1973,vol.141
GALILEAN ELECTRO:MAGNETISM
Consistent nonrelativistic electromagnetic theories
are investigated by stressing the requirements of Gali-
lean relativity. It is shown that Maxwell's equations
admit two possible nonrelativistic limits, accounting,
respectively, for electric and magnetic effects. A Gali-
lean theory is then built which combines t h ~ two theo-
ries and can embody a large class of experimental facts.
As a result several so-called "relativistic" effects are
shown to necessitate a re-appriasal or, at least, a more
careful discussion. It is finally shown precisely how
the old-fashioned formulation of the electromagnetic theor
in terms offield strengths and field excitations clashes
with Galilean relativity in its contitutive equations only
leading to the idea of a privileged frame of reference
( ~ h ~ ether) or to Einsteinian relativity,
549. Bilan1uk O.M. and Boccio J.R.
p.1037.
UNFOUND PARTICLES
Recherche:,1973,vol.4,
Short review of unfound particles including
monopoles.
550. Budnev V. M. Fiz.elem.chastits i atomnogo jadra, 1973,
vol.4, No 1, pp.239-284.
TWO-PHOTONS PRODUCTION OF PARTICLES AND
APPROXIMATION OF EQUIVALENT PHOTONS
551. Carrigan R.A.,Jr., Nezrick F.A. and Strauss B.P.
Phys.Rev.,1973, vol.D8, No 11,pp.3717-3720.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLE PRODUCTION
BY 300-GEV PROTONS
Fermilab search.
G", (95%) <. G x 10-
42
cm
2
for 1/6 nucleon .- 24 Dirac
charges
552. Carrigan R.A.,Jr., Nezrick F.A., Strauss B.P.
553.
National Accelerator Laboratory, NAL-Pub-73/51,Batavia,
Illinois, Aug.1973.
SEARCH FOR MONOPOLE PRODUCTION
BY 300 GEV PROTONS
In a search for magnetiC monopoles a steel beam
dump has been exposed to 3.4 x 10
16
protons of 300 Gev
energy at the National Accelerator Laboratory.The
search apparatus employed an 80 kG solenoid 50 cm long
capable of extracting a monopole and accelerating it
through a series of thin scintillation counters.A mono-
pole would have been identified by its energy loss and
range in the scintillators. No monopoles with magnetic
charges in the interval from 1/6 to 24 times the Dirac
magnetic charge were found. The upper limit at a 95%
confidence level for the cross section per nucleon on
iron is 6 x 10-
42
cm
2

Carter E. F. ..and Cohen H. A.
No 8, pp.994-1006.
Amer.J.Phys., 1973,
THE CLASSICAL PROBLEM OF CHARGE AND POLE
In this paper the classical dynamico of interactin[
electrically charged particles where one or both posseSf
554.
magnetic charge is reviewed. The The equations of
motion are obtained and the vector constants of motion
are derived. A consistent canonical formalism is deve-
loped while related aspects such as scale invariance
and the geometry of the motion are also discusoed.
Cohen H.A.
pp.691-696.
Progr.Theor.Phys.,1973, vol.50, No 2,
ON THE DIRAC MONOPOLE POTENTIAL
The Gronblom-Jordan picture of the Dirac magnetic
monopole is reviewed. The role of the string in a single-
valued vector potential describing a magnetic monopole
is demonstrated.
555. Collins G.B., Ficenec J.R., stevens D.M.,Trower VI.P.,
Fischer J. Phys.Rev., 1973, vol. D8, No 3,pp.982-98J.
556.
UNEXPLAINED MULTIPHOTON PHENOrvlENON
In 1954 Schein ,Haskin and Glasser reported a cosmic-
ray event consisting solely of at least sixteen h ~ h l y
collimated photons. Here we compare this event and four
other similar ones reported in the literature. These
five events show remarkably similar characteristics and
the possibility of them all being fortuitous occurrences
is essentially precluded. Their characteristics also
make it urilikely that the photons originate from electro-
'--I J
magnetics showers or multiply produced I mesons. Some
unexplained phenomenon seems indicated
.. ,
Combe P. and Richard J. L. Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique-Centre Physique Theorique,
CNRS-CPT-73-P-539, Marseile, France, 1973.
MJ;NIMAL COUPLING AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
~ For certain conditions it is shown that principal
of minimal coupling breaks down if invariance under
space reflection is required.
557. Deo B.B., Singh L.P.
No 11, pp.650-659.
Indian J.Phys., 1913, vol.41,
LOCAL LAGRANGIAN QUANTUM FIELD THEORY OF
ELECTRIC AliD MAGNETIC CHARGES OF SPIN ZERO
MESONS
We present a local Lagrangian field theory of spin
zero mesons carrying both electric and magnetic charges.
The quantization of ( emg
n
- eng
m
) as integral multip-
les of is obtained as a condition of integrability
,
of infinitesimal Poincare -Lie algebra to finite Poin-
care group_ Canonical commutation relations energy mo-
mentum tensor and Feynman rules are obtained by usual
techniques of Lagrangian field theory.
558. Dirac P.A.M. Fundamental Interactions in Physics,
CTS Bulletin VI-6, for Theoretical Studies
University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida,1913,pp.1-17.
LONG RANGE FORCES AND BROKEN SYMMETRIES
"Another idea that I has at time, which followed
from the mathematics, was that it should be possible
to have single magnetic poles, monopoles. There were
some very beautiful mathematics connected with these
monopoles. However, monopoles have never been discovered
although the experimenters have searched for them, and
I'm beginning to feel doubtful whether this mathemati-
cal development is a correct one. There is room for
doubt because the theory of the electrons interacting
with the electric and magnetic fields is not altogether
a satisfactory theory. There are some profd"D.nd diffi-
culties which show that some very deep alterations will
have to be made. I don't want to go to a discussion
of but I merely want to say that they
do cast doubts on this development, and it could very
well be that when we get an improved theory in the fU-
ture there may be no room in it for the magnetic mono-
poles".
559. Eberhard H., Ross R.R., Taylor J.P. Lawrence Berkeley
Laboratory, LBL-1132, Berkeley, 1973.
560. Ford K.V. Elementary Particles, Izd."lJauka",Moscow,
1973, vol.9, pp.18-89.
561.
562.
563.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
(In Russian)
Honig E.
Thesis.
Univ.Microfilms, Order No 73-19,16p, 1973.
THOMAS PRECESSIOn AND MOTION OF CHARGED
PARTICLES
Not principally a"magnetic monopole paper but
does review case for magnetic monopoles.
Chiang C.C.
1973.
center for Particle Theory, CPT-201,
COVARIANT THEORY OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
ShU-Yuan Chu Phys.Rev., 1973, vol. D1, No 3, p.853.
VIOLATION OF CP INVARIANCE IN THE DYON MODEL
The Cp-violation mechanism proposed by Schwinger
in the dyon model is discussed. It is pointed out that
once dual-charged particles are introduced we have two
. . "
kinds of smallest units of electric charge for magne-
tically neutral particles: one for purelly electrically
charged particles ,the other for the magnetically neut-
ral composites of the dyons. These two units, which ap-
riori.could be different are assumed to be the charged
carried by the electron and the proton, respectively.
Schwinger's mechanism can then be understood ao a self-
consistent condition that ensures the equality of theoe
two units of electric charge. The analogy between this
mechanism and that proposed by Berstein, Feinberg and
Lee is discussed. The case of neutral -K decay is brief
ly The magnitude of the Cp-violation para-
meter in different proceses is estimated.
Klimo P. and Dowker J.S.
vol.B, No 6, pp.409-417.
Int.J.Theor.Phys.,1973,
DIRAC MONOPOLES FOR GENERAL GAUGE THEOHIES
This paper developes a non-local potential for-
malism for general gauge theories. With the help of
. this mathematical apparatus an argument for quantiza-
tion of the generalized charge is given, assuming that
the Dirac monopoles are present.
565. Kuo T!T.S., Osnes E. Proceedings of the Int.Conf. on
Nucl.Phys., Munich, Germany,1973. North-Holland publ.
Company, 1973, vol.1, p.310.
566.
MICROSCOPIC CALCULATION OF MOnOPOLE POLARIZA'TION
CHARGE
Kurczynski M.
1973.
Int.Center for Theor.Phys., Trieste,
NORMAL SUPERSELECTION RULE FOR THE MAGNETIC
CHARGE
567. Kursunoglu Behram Centre for Theor.Studies, CTS-ME-
..
7J-2,Coral Gables, Florida, 1973.
GRAVITAION AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
Based on the static spherically symmetric solu-
tions of the generalyzed theory of gravitation it is
found that electric and magnetic charges are two funda-
mental constants of integration and that the corresponc
ing magnetic and gravitational fields are
regular everywhere only if the magnetic charge g # O
For magnetic charge g=O, the solutions reduce to the
Nordstrom solution of general rela,tivi ty in the limi t c
large r. The theory leads to elementary particles of
finite self-energy, and binding energy. These
oonsist of a magnetically neutral core of matter con-

568.
569.
taining a distribution of magnetic charge density in
stratisfied layers of sharply decreasing magnitude and
alternating signs so that magnetic monopoles do not
exist. In addition to charged electric current, the
theory yields an electrically neutral current and the
corresponding fields. The neutral current and the cor-
responding neutral field are the classical counterparts
of the vacuum polarization in quantum
For every positive energy solution there exists also a
negative "energy solution with the corresponding electric
charge. For g=O the volume integral of the neutral
current densi ty diverges. Thus, the asymmetry of Maxv{ell'
equations with regard to the absence of a magnetic
current can be understood because the neutral magnetic
current and the neutral part of the electric current are
localized in the core of elementary particle. The pre-
sence of negative energy solutions along with positive
energy solutions point to a large scale symmetry with
respect to a distribution of matter and antimatter in
the universe.
Leinas J.M. Nuovo Cim., 1973, vol.15A, No 4, p.740.
SPACE-TIME SYMMETRIES FOR A SYSTEI .. i OF PARTICLES
WITH BOTH ELECTRIC AND CHARGES
The invariance under Lorentz transformations of
equations for a system of particles
with both electric and magnetic charges is studied.For
sPace reflection and time reversal the possibility of
symmetry is examined when the charges are restricted
by Dirac's quantization condition. The symmetries are
shpwn to require that the electric charge of any mono-
pole -carrying particle-be an integer or half-integer
.
multiple of the elementary electric charge.
Mahanthappa K. T.
pp.l028-1031.
Phys.Rev., 1973, vol.D7, No 4,
PARASTATICS, DYONS AND DYONIUM
It is pointed out that if the bound state of two
570.
normal or para particles(say, dyons) havinG electric
and magnetic charges ( e
1
,g1) and (e
2
,g2) is a normal
or para particle, (i) the BS is a normal or para bOGons
if both dyons are normal or para bOBons or normal or
pure fermions, and (ii) it is a normal or para fermion if
one dyon is a normal or para boson and the other a
nqrmal or para fermion. This observation, combined with
the regular connection between spin and st&tistics and
the Dirac quantization conditio!}, e
1
g2 - e
2
g
1
=)) ,
yields only integer values of V for the ES. Thus the
dyonium model of proton expounded by Barut is inva-
lidated. But it can be rescued if the regular connection
between spin and statistics is violated for dyons so
that one of the spinless dyons of which the dyonium is
made, is a normal" boson and the other a spin - LI fer-
mion. Comments are made concerning the significance of
the O(4,2)-wave equation used by Barut in the
vistic domain.
Mavrychev yu. S.
146,1973.
Izvestia Vuzov SSSR, Fizika.
J
No 4,
.\
PSEUDODUAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN ELECTRO-
DYNAMICS
571. Mignani R. and Recami E. Insti tuto Nazionale di
Fisica Nucleare, INFN/AE-73/7, Sezione di Catania,1973,
pp.55-59.:
572.
SPECIAL RELATIVITY EXTENDED TO SUPERLUMINAK
FRAMES AND OBJECTS
(Classical theory of tachyons)
Mignani R. and Recami E. Univ.Catania, Report
PP/384,Catania, Italy, 1973.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND TACHYONS,
573. Mignani R. and Recami E. Lett.Nuovo Cim., 1973, vol.7,
No 10, pp.388-390.
TACHYONS DO NOT EMIT CERENKOV RADIATION
IN VACUUM
574. Nauka i Zhizn' (Russ.).1973, No 9, p.17.
ONCE AGAIN ON MONOPOLE
575. Nielsen H. B. and Olsen P.
p.45.
Nucl.Phys., 1973, vol.61B,
VORTEX-LINE MODELS FOR DUAL STRInGS
Not a monopole paper. Higgs type Lagrangian allows f
vortex line solutions in analogy with the vortex lines ir
8 type, II superconductor.
576. Petukhov V.A.,Usachev Yu.D., Yakimenko M.N. Priroda,
No 11, pp.54-62. 1973
. MONOPOLE - PROBLEMS AND SEARCHES
Popular review of theoretical and experimental
works dedicated to Diracts hypothesis on the existence
of magnetic charges - monopoles.
577. Rajput B.S. and Prakash O.
vol.47, p.641.
Indian J. Phys., 1973,
_.IMPOSSIBILITY OF REDUCTION OF GENERALIZED ELECTRO-
MAGNETIC FIELDS FOR NON-ZERO SYSTEM IN FREE
SPACE
Symmetrical reduced expansions of electric and
magnetic fields are derived in the presence of electric
and Dirac's monopoles in terms of irreducible repre-
, '
sentations of proper Lorentz
group r'or non-zero mass system. Maxwell's field equations
are modified by considering the generalized charge as a
complex quantity with electric and ml)gnetic fundamental
charges as its real and imaginary parts. The constancy
condition for magnetic charges on a particle has been
imposed for explaining the results obtained by the re-
quirement that generalized electromagnetic fields satisfy
generalized field equations. Considering the reduced expan-
sions in the absence of electric or magnetic charge source
it has been proved that the derivation of reduced expan-
sions for electromagnetic fields satisfying the field
equations without is not possible for non-zero mass
system.
578. Recami E., Mignani R. Univ.Catania, Report PP/401,
Catania, Italy, 1973.
DO MAGNETIC MONOPOLE EXIST? FOR
THEORY AND EXPER IMENTS
579. Ross R.R., Eberhard P.H., Alvarez L.W. and Watt R.D.
Phys.Rev., 1973, vol. D8, No 3, pp.698-702.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC M01TOPOLES IN LUNAR l\tIATERIAL
USING AN ELECTROMAGNETIC DETECTOR
The.search for magnetic monopoles in lunar materials
has been concluded wi th the exploration of an additional 11.
Kg of material returned by the Apollo 11,12 and 14 misSions,
using a modified version of our electromagnetic detector.
Again, no magnetic monopole was detected. Combinfng these
. results of our previous experiment, we set an upper limit
of 1.7 x 10-
4
monopoles/g for the density of isolated
in the lunar surface and improve our upper limi tf
set for the monopole flux in cosmic rays and for monopole
pair-production cross section.
580. Ross.R.R., Eberhard P .H., Alvarez L.W., watt R.D.,
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, LBL-1730,(SLAC PUB 1249),
.. 1973.
FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN LUNAR MATERIAL
USING AN ELECTROMAGNETIC DETECTOR
The review of the modern status the problem of
magnetic charge is presented. The difficulties of the
theory of Dirac monopole are discussed. The possible
explanations of the negative results of experimental
search of magnetic monopoles is analyzed. The dual sym-
metry of the electrodynamics and different derivations
of the charge quantization condition are discussed.The
application of the theory of magnetic charge is considered
l
in particular, the dyonium model of hadrons.
~ 8 7 . Strazhev V.I., Tomil'chik L.M.
1973, vol.4, p.78.
Sov.J. Particles Nucl.,
CURRENT STATE OF THE DffiAC MONOPOLE PROBLEM
588. Strazhev V.I. Preprint Inst.Phys. Acad.Nauk Belorussk.
SSR., No 92, Minsk, 1973.
589. Schwinger J. PARTICLES,SOURCES AND FIELDS, Izd. "MIR",
Moscow, 1973, vol.1, p.288.
590. Tassi e L. J. Phys.Lett., 1973, vol.46 B, No 3, p.397.
MAGNETIC FLUX AS RELATIVISTIC STRINGS
It is suggested that the relativistic string of the
dual .resonance model of hadrons is a line of quantized mag-
netic flux. Accordingly quarks have magnetic charge +g,
-2g baryons are composed of there quarks will not normally
occur.
591. Trinkala ~ ~ J . Inomata A.,
vol. 18, No 1, p.27.
Bull.Amer.Phys.Soc., 1973,
DUAL AND CHffiAL ROTATIONS IN ELECTRODYNAMICS
Electrodynamics in the source free case is symmetric
undor the dual rotation. The same is true in general if one
introduces the magnetic sources in addition to the electric
592.
593.
sources and rotates both, electric and magnetic currents
simultaneously. It can also be shown for a source free case
that a chiral rotation generates a dual rotation. We now
investigate the relationship between dual and chiral rotatiom
when a source is present. The 0/2/ and 0/1,1/ symmetries are
considered which have a common invariant. Application of the
result is made to quantization of charges.
Usachev yu. D. Sov.J.Particles Nucl., 1973, vol.4, p.94.
IS THERE A THEOREM FOR THE QUANTIZATION OF
MAGNETIC CHARGE?
Contains a critique of the Dirac charge quantization
condition. Doesn't say it is wrong - but rather that it can
be critized.
Usachev Yu.D.
pp.225-238.
Fiz.Elem. Chast. Atomn.Yad., 1973, yol.4,
IS THERE THEOREM FOR THE QUANTIZATION OF
MAGNETIC CHARGE?
The theorem on quantization of magnetic charge is
analyzed. The difficulties arising in different proofs
of this theorem are pointed out. Some arguments ~ g i n s t
the theorem of magnetic charge quantization are present.
The consequences of the validity of this theorem are
discussed in connection with the experimental searches
of monopoles.
594. Usachev Yu.D. p.N.Lebedev Phys.Inst.Acad. of Sci. USSR,
Moscow, 1973, Preprint No 48 (FIAN).
TO T".dE PROBLEM OF MAGNETIC CHARGE SEARClmS
595. Vonsovskii S.V. Izdateltst!vo Nauka Glavnaya Redoktsiya
Fiziko-Matematicheskoi Literatury, MOSCDW,1973, pp.182-208.
MAGNETISM OF MICROPARTICLES
A review of " magnetic properties of particles, nuclei,
J
and atoms. Includes discussion of the monopole conjecture.
596.
597.
Vonsovskii s.v. "ZNANIE I SILA" , 1973, No 1 0,.
FOR AND AGAINST DIRAC
Weingarten D. Ann.Phys., 1973, vol.76, p.510.
COMPLEX SYMMETRIES OF ELECTRODYNAMICS
We prove that a set of nonsingular free solutions of
Maxwell's equations forms a representation of the group
obtained by analytic continuation of the Poincare group
to complex values of the group parameters and that a set
of singular solutions forms a representation of the group
obtained by analytic continuation of the conformal group
to complex values of the group parameters. These results
are obtained by constructing a theory governing 2 2 complex
values of position and time; the equations of this theory
are invariant vnth respect to complex Poincare transforma -
tions and complex conformal transofrmations but the set of
nonsingular solutions is in one-to-one correspondence with
a set of nonsingular solutions of Maxwell's equations and
a similar correspondence exist for the singular solutions.
Certain collections of solutions of Maxwell's equations for
the field of a current are permitted in which case complex
transofrmations provide a natural connection between electric
and magnetic charge. A c1ass of complex transofrmation also
yields natural relations between sources moving slower than
light and sources moving faster than light.
598. Yuan t.C., Dell G.F., uto H., Amaldi E., Beneventano M.,
Borgia B., Pistilli P., Sestilli I. and Dooher J.
Experiments on High Energy Particle collisions-1973,
R.S.Panvini, Ed.,1973,AIP Conf. Proc., 12,pp.194-198.
SEARCH FOR HIGH ENERGY MULTIGAMMA EVEnTS AT THE ISR
This is a report of the preliminary results of our
exploratory experiment at the CERN ISR on the search for
multigamma events in proton-proton collisions. In this
experiment we have observed an overwhelmtngly lurgc number
of multigamma events especially at high multiplicitico.
The preliminary rosulto also show a prominent peak in the
energy distribution of the individual -rays as measured
by the 3-radiation lengths thick lead glass Cerenkov-countcrs
under the present triggering conditions.
599. Zrelov V.P., Kollarova L., Kollar D., Lupiltsev V.P.,
Pavlovif P., J., Sidorova V.I., Shabashov M.F.,
'1/
600.
Sulek P., Janik R.
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 1973. E1-6946,
THE PRELINIINAHY EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ON A SEARCH
FOR THE DIRAC MONOPOLE AT THE 70 GEV lHEP SYNCHRO -
v
TROll USING VAVILOV-CERENKOV RADIATIOn
The experiment is aimed at the detection of greatly

intensive Vavilov-Cerenkov radiation having a peculiar
polarization from relativistic magnetic charges (both
stable and unstable) by means of the electronic technique.
The preliminary results of the experiment are
reported: the magnetic charges with g=68.5 e, the masses
up to 5 m and the lifetime r > 10-
10
sec are not produced
below () (95%) < 8 x 1 Q-40 cm
2
gin 70 GeV proton collisions
with nuclear nucleons from a Si0
2
target.
\
zrelov V.P., Kollarova L., Kollar D., Janik R.
t
Lupiltsev
V.P., Pavlovic P., Sidorova V.I., Ruzibka J., Shabashov M.F.,
v
Sulek P.
Proceedings of -the Second International Symposium on High
Energy and Elementary Particle Physics, Strbske Pleso,
CSSR, October 1972. Publ. of JINR, Dubna, 1973, D-6840,
pp.154-160.
PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF EXPERIMENT ON SEARCHING
DIRAC MONOPOLE ON THE SERPU1.'"HOV SYIJCHROTRON USING
v
VAVILOV-CERENKOV RADIATION
601. Zumino B. EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR RESEARCH,
CERN, TH-1779, Geneva,1973.
Lectures given at the 1973 ;./0..& Summer Institute
..,
in Capri.
",,'
, :
.,
1974
602. Akhiezer A. I. and Rekalo M. P.
1974, vol.114, p.487.
Uspekhi Fiz.Nauk,
ELECTRIC CHAHGE OF PARTICLES
(In Russian)
Nice review of electric charges and electric dipole
moments. On elementary particles cites magnetic monopole
as a possible reason for quantization.
603. Arafune J., Freund P. G. 0 and Goebel C. J.
of Chicago, EFI 74/48, Chicago, 1974.
TOPOLOGY OF HIGGS FIELDS
t. ,
University
604. Ashton F. In: COSMIC RAYS AT GROUND LEVEL, Ed. A.W.
Wolfendale, 1974, pp.119-136.
SEARCH FOR .QUARKS, MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
AND TACHYONS
605. Balachandran A.P., Rupertsberger H. and Schechter J.
Syracuse University Preprint ,SU-4205-41, Syracuse,1974.
MONOPOLE TflliORY WITH A MASSIVE GAUGE FIELD
AND NAMBU'S HAMILTONIAN
606. Balachandran A.P., Rupertsberger H. and Schechter J.,
Syracuse University Preprint, SU-4205-37,1974.
607. Barut A.O.
2713.
Phys.Rev.,1974. vol.D10, No 8, pp.2709-
SPIn-STATISTIC CONNECTION FOR DYONIUM
Discussion on the paper: Parastatic.s,dyons and dyonium
by reply ...
The apin- bound state of two spirlleso dyons (dyonium:
has additional independent (gauge) degrees of freedom
associated with an arbitrary unit vector n in the
Hamiltonian. Hence it does not constitute a conter
example of the normal spin-statistic connection.
608. Barut A.O. and Bornzin G.L. Nuc 1. Phys . , 1:;74, vol. B81 ,
p.477.
THE ELECTROMAGNETIC STRInG WITH SPIN
_1'\
The relation between a field 1;. y satisfying the usual
1>"
Maxwell equations and a field satisfying the sym-
metric Maxwell-Dirac equations, and the singular potential
solving bothof these is given. The action principle is
formulated in both forms and the reality of the string is
shovm. A string with spin is constructed by placing
ric charges at its endopoints. The motion and interactions
of the string, the relation between flux and momen-
,
tum quantization and the passage to two-body Hamiltonians
are examined.
609. Barut A.O., Beker H.,
pp.309-32J.
Nuovo Cim., 1974, vol. 19A, No 2,
CLASSICAL RELATIVISTIC SCATTERING OF TWO DYONS
We report a remarkable phenomenon in the relati'/istic
classical scattering of two particles having both electric
and magnetic charged particles, i.e. the occurrence of
infinitely many singularities in the differential cross-
sections. These singularoties correspond to compound states
formed by the scattered particle making loops n=O,1,2,J ,
around the scattering center: the"ir positions are given by
eq. (3.21) for the particular case studied.
610. Baroni G., Di Liberto S., Petrera S., Romano G.
Nota Interna No 595, Instituto di Fisica dcll'Univcrsite
Roma, 1974.
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES OF TIlE CERN-ISR
WITH PLASTIC DETECTORS
611. Carrigan R.A.,Jr., Nezrick F.A. and strauss B.P.
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory ,Fermilab-Pub.,74/93
',EXP, Batavia,1974.
EXTENSION OF FERMI NATIONAL ACCELERATOR LABORATORY
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE SEAnCH TO 400-GEV.
612. Carrigan R.A.,Jr, Giacomelli G., and Nezrick F.A.
CERN ISR Proposal No 74-33.
613. Carrigan R.A., Jr., Nezrick F.A., B.p.strauss. Phys.Rev.
1974, vol. D10, No 11, pp.3867-3868.
EXTENSION OF FERMI NATIONAL ACCELERATOR LABORATORY
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE SEARCH TO 400 GEV
In a search for magnetic monopoles an aluminum'
target has been exposed to 5.7 x 10
16
protons of 400 GeV
energy at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The
search apparatus employs equipment used previously in a
search for monopoles produced by )OO-GeV protons where a
cross section of 6 x 10-
42
cm
2
was established using an
iron dump. For the 400-GeV experiment the equipment was
modified to detect magnetic charges dovm to 1/30 of the
Dirac magnetic charge. No magnetic monopoles were found
with magnetic charges in the interval from 1/30 to 24 time!
the Dirac magnetic charge. The upper limit at a 95% confi-
dence level for the cross section per nucleon in aluminum
is 5.1 x 10-
42
cm
2

614. Carrigan R.A., Jr., Nezrick F.A.
vol.12, No 5, p.309.
Phys.Teach.USA,1974,
SEARCH FOR ~ ~ G N E T I MONOPOLES AT NAL
An experiment on searching for magnetic monopoles at
National Accelerator Laboratory (NAL, USA) is briefly
described.
615. Carrigan R.A., Nezrick F.A. Fermi National Laboratory,
FERMILAB-Pub.74/111-Exp., Batavia, 1974.
SEARCH FOR NEUTRINO-PRODUCED MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
IN A BUBBLE CHAMBER EXPOSURE
J.Schwinger has suggested that magnetically charged
particles could be produced in a magnetically charged
intermediate boson process similar to the mechanism some-
times envisioned for double muon production by neutrinos.
A search for magnetic monopole production by neutrinos has
been made by-re-examining the CERN heavy liquid bubble
chamber pictures obtained during the neitrino exposures
of 1963 and 1967. Five different searches were made for
events which contained a free monopole with and without
target excitation, and for bound monopoles which
de-excited by photon emission. No events were found. Neutrino
monopole production cross-section limits are given.
616. Cline David B. NEUTRINOS-1974. 4-th Int.Conf.,Philadelphia,
1914, pp.201-258.
EXPERIME1jTAL SEARCH FOR NEW PARTICLE PRODUCTION
IN HIGH ENERGY NEUTRINO INTERACTIONS
617. Cohen H.A. Found.Phys., 1974, vol.4, No 1, pp.115-120.
IS THERE A QUANTIZATIOn CONDITION FOR THE
OLASSICAL PROBLEM OF CHARGE AND POLE ?
In elementary derivations of the quantization of
8zimut'hal angular momentum the eigenfunction is deter-
mined to be exp ( im ), which is "oversensitive" to the
rotation + 2 ,unless m is an integer. In a recent
paper Kerner examined the calssical system of charge and
magnetic pole and expressed n a vector constant of motion
for the system, in terms of a physical angle to
deduce a remarkable paradox. Kerner pointed out that 17 (V)
is "oversensitive" to .i.j1- YJ +2 u unless a certain
charge quantization condition is met. Our of
this paradox highlights the distinction between coordi-
nates in classical and quantum physics. It is shown
why the single-valuedness requirement on 1 f ~ ) is devoid
of physical significance. We are finally led to examine the
classical analog of the quantum mechanical argument that
demonstrates the quantization of magnetic charge to show
that there is "no hope" of a classical quantization condition
618. Combe Ph., Richard J.L. Physica, 1914, vol.11, No 1,
pp.66-14.
MINIMAL COUPLING AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
In this note, the most 'general form of the lagrangian
of a particle in a constant and uniform electromagnetic
field is derived using group-theoretical arguments based on
Levy-Leblond's approach to the lagrangian gauge problem. The
Bo-called minimal coupling is derived. In the case of a
purely magnetic field, it is shown that the principle of
minimal coupling by the magnetic charge breaks down if the
invariance of the equations of motion under space refletion
is required.
619. Coon D.D. and Suura H. Phys.Rev., 1914, vol. D10, p.J48.
REGGE TRAJECTORIES AND THE QUARK-GLU01'I COUPLING
CONSTANT
It is argued that vector gluons interacting vnth quarks
produce logarithmic behaviour of Regge trajectories at large
momentum transfer, in agreement with proton-proton scatter-
ing data. It is found that g2/411 =14 where g is the
gluonic charge of the quarks. Some suggested relations betwee
quark-gluon dynamics duality, magnetic charge and Jacobi's
imaginary transformation are discussed.
620. Corben H.C.
pp.533.
Nuovo Cimento Lett., 1914, vol.11, No 11,
IMAGINARY QUANTITIES IN SUPERLlThIINAL LORENTZ
TRANSFORMATIONS
Originally contested ideas of Recami and Nignani
about super luminal charges being viewed as magnetic
monopoles.
, ....
621. Creutz M. Phys.Rev., 1974, vol.D10, No 8, pp.2696-2699.
HIGGS MECHANISM AND QUARK CONFINEMENT
The theory is mathematically equivalent to the quarks
being magnetic monopoles moving in a superconducting vacuum
When the quarks in a hadron are pulled apart, they remain
connected by vovt\CR.}.) of magnetic flux; consequently, at
large inter quark distances the energy of the system be-
comes proportional to the quark separation. At low energies
the quarks are closer together than the penetration depth
of the superconductor and thus they appear effectively free.
622. Frauenfelder H., Henley E.M. SUNATOMIC PHYSICS. Prentice-
Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1974.
623. Dashen R.F., Hasslacher B. and Neven A.
vol. D1 0, p.4138.
Phys. Rev. ; 1974,
NONPERTURBATlVE METHODS AND EXTENDEND-HADRON
MODELS IN THEORY FIELD:
III. FOUR- DIMENSIONAL NONABELIAN MODELS
By analogy with the magnetic vortex of the Landau-
Ginzburg theory of superconductivity, we construct extended
models of hadrons with SU/2/ Yang-Mills fields coupled to
fermions and a spontaneous-symmetry-breaking scalar isospinor.
These models are in four space-time dimensions
.
624. Gaffney G.W. Phys.Rev., 1974, vol.D10, pp.374-400.
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGE IN EINSTEIN'S
UNIFIED FIELD THEORY
Solution incorporating a length scale.
Prediction:
Gross astronomical scale differences from normal
electromagnetic fields.
625. 'tHooft G. Nucl.Phys.,1974, vol.B79, No2,pp.276-284.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN IDHFIED GAUGE THEORIES
It is shown that in all those range those range
theories in which the electromagnetic group U(1) is taken
to be a subgroup of a large group with a compact covering
group, like SU(2) or SU(3), genuine magnetic monopoles can
be created as a regular solutions of the field equations.
Their mass is calculated and of order 137 Mw where is
a type vector boson mass.
626. t'Hooft G. Proceedings of the 17-th Intern.Conf.on High
Energy Physics, London, Chilton, vol.3,pp.84-
. 85.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN UNIFIED THEORIES
In any system described by interacting field equations
with particular symmetries one can expect solutions of a very
remarkable type, even at the classical level. A well-known
example is the Schwartzschild solution in General Relativity
627. 't Hooft G. European organization for Nuclear Research,
CERN Report No TH-1876,CERN,May,1974.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN UNIFIED GAUGE THEORIES
628. Hosoya A.and Ishida J.
-OU-HET-6,Toyonaka,1974.
Osaka University preprint,
NON-ABELIAN MAGNETIC CHARGES
We have obtained exact solutions of the classical
isotopiC gauge field equations in the static case. Our
solutions have a nonlinear form in terms of the (pseudo-)
scalar potential, and its space derivative and are
to exhibit the isotopic analog of Dirac's monopoles. Our
solution leads naturally to the integer valued condition for
the charge quantization.
629. Howard R. Solar Phys.,1974, vol.38, p.283.
STUDIES OF SOLAR MAGNETIC FIELDS
I. THE AVERAGE FIELD STRENGTHS
. \
The telescope, spectrograph and magnetograph at the
150-th Tower Telescope are described, and a chronology of
changes in the instrumentation is given. The average magne-
tic field strengths over the last years are discussed. The.
changes in polarity at the poles of the Sun are described.
The characterisitcs of these polarity reversals at both
poles are similar.A reversal is not seen in the sunspot
latitudes ( ~ ~ 40%) but is observed to start in the
40-50
0
zone and proceed slowly poleward, reaching the pole
wintin 12 to 18 months. At the time of the polarity rever-
sal at the pole, field strengths over a large portion of
the disk show similar behaviour. Rapid changes of solar
magnetic fields over large. portions of the solar disk are
discussed. Two possible models are suggested to explain the
frequent "monopole" appearance of the solar fields. The
poleward drift of the magnetic field reversals in each
hemisphere was not closely in phase vnth the polar filament
migrations or the variations in mean latitude of high-la-
titude coronal activity with predominantly negative magne-
tic fields.
6)0. Heu J. P. Phys.Rev., 1974, vol.D10, p.3836.
EXPERIMENTAL TEST FOR THE ORIGIN OF CP NON-
INVARIAUCE AND NEUTRAL KAON CHARGE
'We discuss a theory of CP non-invariance in which
the interaction is completely determined by the principle
of gauge invariance. We also discuss its experimental
test by observing anomalous phenomena of KO decay in the
electric f i e l ~ Moreover the experimental result can also
determine an accurate upper limit for the neutral keon
charge (which has never been directly measured) if the
predicted phenomena are not observed.
I,
631. Jevicki
College
1974.
A. and Senjanovic P. Dept. of Physics, The City
of the City Univ. of N.Y., CCNY-HEP-74/1, New York
STRINGLIKE SOLUTION OF HIGGS MODEL WITH MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
we derive a static solution of the equation of motion
following from a Higgs-type Lagrangian containing in addi-
tion static magnetic monopoles representing quarks. For t i ~
purpose, we use Zwanzigerts approach to magnetic monopoles
and thus w ~ are dealing \vith a local field theory for chargE
particles. We show that the solution has the form of a stril
of finite length for large coupling. We exhibit the depen-
dence of the system (E ) on interquark distance (2a):
(.1:>....)= 'iY:Tito... e..xp(-e/..,/-zC<.) t C: ItdlO-.-
which is the form found Nambu in his discussion of
this type of model as a scheme which affects a mechanism
for quark confirment.we therefore confirm that Nambu's
results can bereached in a field-theoretic formulation.
632. Juli a B. and Zee A. Princetopn Preprint, 1974.
POLES WITH BOTH MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC CHARGES
633. Karlsson L.
281.
Nucl.Instru,.Methods, 1974,vol.116,pp.275-
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE DETECTOR
The results of a search for magnetic monopoles are
presented. A new electromagnetic monopole detector has
been built and used in the present search for magnetic
monopoles of cosmic ray origin. This detector has made
feasible the first electromagnetic real-time cosmic-ray
search for isolated magnetic poles. At least one event
that satisfies the instrumental criteria for being a
magnetic monopole event was recorded during a four weak
operation of the detector.
634. Kiselev v. v.
149.
Izvestia Vuzov, sere fiz., 1974, No 8 t pp.14
THE ESTIMATION OF A MINIMUM MONOPOLE MASS
635. Kobayashi M.
Prog.Theor.Phys., 1974, vol.51, pp.1636-1637.
VORTEX-LINE MODELS FOR DUAL STRINGS AND
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
Letters to Editor
Following Nielsen and Olesen uses "magnetic"
charges .to terminate strings.
636. Kursunoglu B.
2745.
Phys.Rev., 1974, vol. D9,No 10,pp.2723-
GRAVITATION AND MAGllliTIC CHARGE
Theory explaining elementary particles on the basis
of general relativity using alternating layers of magnetic
charge. No net magnetic charge.
637. Mahanthappa K.T. Phys.Rev.,1974, vol.D 10, p.2712.
REPLY TO SPIN STATISTICS CONNECTION FOR
DYONIUM
It is indicated that despite the existence of unit
vector our previous conclusion that the dyonium model
of Barut is invalidated remains unaltered contrary to the
claims of the preceeding paper. Also we point out that
the assertions contained in the preceeding paper f'orbid
the existence of triplet states of two protons and allow
only a single state, contradicting experimental facts. Other
related aspects are discussed.
"
. 638. Mignani R. and Recami E. Lett.Nuovo Cimento,1974, vol.9,
No 9, p.367.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND TACHYONS
The connection between magnetic monopoles ~ d tachy-
ons is shown in the framework of extended special relativity
theory by generalizing Maxwellts equations to Super luminal
sources.
6)9. Mignani R. and Recami E.
vol.11,No 8, pp.417-420.
Nuovo Cimento Lett., 1974,
POSSIBLE EXPERDv'IENTAL BEHAVIOUR OF TACHYON
MONOPOLES
Superluminal particles behave as monopoles expected
to do except for velocity.
640. Monastrykti M.I. and Perelemov A.M.
1974, vol.21, p.94.
ZHETF Fis.Red.,
SOME REMARKS o:rr MONOPOLES IN GAUGE FIELD
THEORIES
641. Nambu Y. Phys.Rev.,1974, vol. D10, No 12, pp.4262-4268.
STRINGS,MONOPOLES AND GAUGE FIELDS
The Nielsen-Glesen interpretation of dual strings as
Abrikosov flux lines is extended to the case open-ended
strings by adapting Dirac's description of magnetic mono-
poles to a Lon"don-type theory. The mathematical formalism
turns out to be similar to that of Kalb and Ramond. Trans
lated to hadron physics, it implies that the quarks will
act as carriers of magnetic charge, permanently bound in
pairs by the string bonds. However, massive axial-vector
gluons can be created by hadrons.
642. Nambu Y. In:Proceedings of the Johns Hopkins Workshop
on Current . Problems in High Energy Particle Theory, 1974",
p.1. '
Ed. by G.Domokos et ale ( Johns Hopkins Univ.,Baltimore,
1974)University of Chicago Preprint, EFI 74/40.
643. Nambu Y.
1974.
The Enrico Fermi Institute, EFI 74/0),Chicago,
QUARKS,STRINGS AND GAUGE FIELDS
(Talk presented at the Johns Hopkins'workshop on Current
Problems in High Particle The.orY, Ed. G.Pomoks und
S.Korcsi-Domoleos, Jan.,1974, p.1.).
i,
644. Nauenberg U., Barlett D.
Programs report, 1973-1974.
ELEMENTARY PARTICLE AND HIGH-ENERGY
PHEUOMENA
645. Olsen P. preprint Niels Bohr Institute, NBI-HE-74-12,
Copenhagen, 1974.
646. Parkash o. and Rajput B.S.
Indian J.Phys., 1974, vol.48,
No 2, pp.152-160.
COMI'.ffiNTS ON THE EXISTENCE OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
Reduction of generalized electromagnetic fields to
the irreducible representations of proper ortochromous,
inhomogenous Lorentz group has been carried out a n ~ it has
been shovm that for these fields to satisfy generalized
field equations, the electric and magnetic charge and curreni
source densities are proportional to the correpsonding
fundamental charges. Considering generalized charge as a
complex quantity, the real and imaginary parts of which
are electric and magnetic charges, the values of electric
and magnetic parameters have been derived and it is shovm
that the zero in the charge quantization condition is
forbidden for-every particle of the system to bear both
the charges. It has also been proved that first allowed
value in the charge quantization condition is unity.
647. Parisi G.
1974.
Columbia University Report No CO-2271-24,
648. Polyakov A 1 ~ JETP Letters, 1974, vol.20,p.194
PARTICLE SPECTRUM IN QUANTillvf FIELD THEORY
Development of extremon and hedgehog picture.
Spirit is similar to tt Hooft.
649. Polyokov A.M. Zh.Eksp. Teor.Fiz., Pis'mn Red., 1974,
vol.20,pp.4JO-4JJ.
PARTICLE SPECTRUM IN QUANTUM FIELD THEORY
650. Post E. J. Phys.Rev.,1974, vol. D9, p.JJ79.
RAMIFICATIONS OF FLUX QUANTIZATION
The null results in the search for magnetic monopoles
and the experimentation exhibiting dipolar flux qunatiza-
tion as obtained during the last two decades mildly invited
a withdrawal from the Dirac-Schwinger symmetry hypothesis
to the earleir position of an essentially asymmetric set of
Maxv/ell equations. In this paper we attempt to account for
the null result by a sYIllilletry alternative that accomodates
the persistence of this Maxwellian asymmetry. It is sho'v'm
that a topological symmetry more hierarchil in nature, can
comply with the absence of magnetic monopoles. This alter-
native then places the 10VI of flux conservation on the same
fundamental footing as the law of conservation of electric
charge. The ensuring law statements are now global in nature
and correspondingly stronger in content than the traditio-
. .
na1 local statements. The physical implications of the global
conservation statements are examined in relation to the
existing observational evidence of dipolar flux quantization.
651. Recami E. and Mignani R.
vo1.4, No 2, pp.209-285.
Rivista del Nuovo Cimento,1974,
CLASSICAL THEORY OF TACHYONS (SPECIAL RELATIVITY
EXTENDED TO SUPERLUMINAL FRAMES AND OBJECTS
Review of superluminal theories - similar to later articles.
652. Revami E. and Mignani R. Lett.Nuovo Cimento, 1974, vol.9,
No 12, pp.479-482.
DO MAGNETIC MONOPOLES EXIST? CONSIDERATIONS
FOR THEORY AND EXPERIMENTS
Review of superluminal relativity. In part contains a
critique of Bartlett-Lahana search because of hypotheois
on Cherenkov radiation.
653. Recami E. and Mignnni R. Instituto di Fiaica Teorica
dell Universita-Catania, Report PP-424,Italy,1974.
ABOUT SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The mere Special Relativity does not predict existence
of (subluminal) monopoles, but on the contrary predicts
existence of Superluminal (=tachyon) monopoles, with magnetic
charge about 100 times less than usually assumed. This fact
is quite relevant for the current looking for magnetic poles.
654. Ross D.K. J.Phys., A (London),1974, vol.7, No 6,pp.705-709.
PATH INDEPENDENCE AND CHARGE QUANTIZATION
It is shown that if quantum electrodynamics is assumed
to be manifestly gauge independent and path independent,
then electric charge must be quantized.
655. Sawada T. Phys.Lett.,1974, vol.B52, No 1, pp.67-70.
SEMI-EMPIRICAL DETECTION ON THE DIRAC'S
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
In order to examine whether the Dirac's magnetic
monopoles exist within hadrons as their constituents, we
analyze the nucleon-nucleon phase shift data of MacGregor
et al in search of the strong Van der Waals type force. By
making a peripheral combination of the partial wave amplitudes
and separating the one and two pion exchange contribution,we
observe that the residual force is exerting between the
nuoleons, which should be attributed to the exchange of a
hypothetical scalar meson or to the long range force. The
mass of suoh a scalar meson must be ms=l. 1 fUll ,on the
other hand the power f!' of the long range potential, which
is defined by V extra ( , )=-c/rf'> for larger-) becomes
p =7.2 1.0, and this value is consistent with Van der
Waals potential of the ~ -POlder type.
656. Sawada T. Nucl.Phys.,1974, vol. B71, No 1, pp.82-92.
NUCLEAR FORCE AND A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE MODEL
OF.HADRONS
The two-pion exchange potentiQl of the nuclear force is
constructed from the phase shifts of the low energy 'liN
and /Y'71 scattering. The large difference between the
potentials thus constructed from the phenomenological poten-
tials of Hamada-Johnston and of Bryan is pointed out.lt is
found that this difference has the form of the attractive
Van der Waals potential plus an inner repulsive core. The
existence of the Van der Waals force is discussed in con-
nection with the magnetic monopole model of hadrons.
657. Sawyer C. Solar Phys.,1974, vol.35, p.37.
MAGNETIC FINE STRUCTURE AND THE SOLAR MAGNETIC
MONOPOLE
Suggests ways to gain more information on sun's
possible monopole field.
658. SEARCHING FOR DIRAC MONOPOLES
1974, vol.24, No 4, p.396a.
Cesk.Cas.Fyz.,Ser.A.,
659. Sniatnicki J. J.Math.Phys.,1974, vol.15, No 5, pp.619-620.
PREQUANTIZATIon OF CHARGE
It is shown that a necessary and sufficient condition fOJ
quantization of relativistic dynamics of a particle with
charge e moving in an external electromagnetic field F
is tha /e/2/F should define an integral de Rham cohomology
class 'on the space-time manifold.
660. strazhev V.I. Izvestia Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR, sere
fiz.-mat.,1974, No 1, pp.69-72.
ON DUAL TRANSOFRMATIONS In rvlACROSCOPIC
ELECTRODYllAMICS
Physically indiscrepant formulation of dual transforma-
tions in macroscopic electrodynnmics is ,given and physical
basis for using these trt;lnformationo is Cle:ared out (pnrti-
cularly when sloving the problem of the Dirac monopole
interaction with a medium).
661. strazhev V.I.
pp.641-644.
Lett.Nuovo Cimento,1974, vol. 9,No 16,
THE QUANTUM THEORY OF DUAL CHARGED PARTICLES
662. Stix M. and Wiehr E.
p.493.
Solar Phys.,1974, vol. 37, No 2,
ON THE SOLAR MAGNETIC "MONOPOLE"
A super"posed epoch analysis shows that the Sun's
spurious magnetic monopole varies like the solar declina-
tion. This indicates that the monopole is caused by instrumen-
tal effects.
663. Tassie L.J. Int.J.Theor. Phys.,1974, vol.9, p.167.
LINES OF QUANTIZED MAGNETIC FLUX AND THE
RELATIVISTIC STRING OF THE DUAL RESONANCE
MODEL OF HADRONS
The quantization of magnetic flux and the quantization
of electric charge follows from requiring the same invariance
properties under time reversal of both classical and quan-
tum systems. The action integral for a line of
magnetic flux is the area of the surface traced out in space-
time by the motion of the line. It is suggested that the
.
relativistic string of the dual resonance model of hadrons
is a line of quantized magnetic flux. Accordingly, quarks
have charge. Assuming quarks of magnetic charge
+ g, -2g, baryons are composed of three quarks. States of
one, two, four or five quarks will not normally occur. An
explanation is given of the failure to produce free quarks.
664. Tyutin I.V. P.N.Lebedev Phys.lnst. Acad. of Sci. USSR,
Preprint No 27, 1974,Moscow,USSR.
ELECTRON SCATTERING ON A SOLENOID
665. Usachev YU.D.
Sov.J.Part. and Nucl. (USA),1974, vol.4,
No 1, pp.94-99.
IS THERE A THEOREM FOR QUANTIZATION OF THE
MAGNETIC CHARGE?
666. Wadas R. Postepy Fiz. (Poland),1974, vol.25, No 3,
pp.289-293.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The magnetic monopoles ideas of Dirac and Schwinger
are presented. The methods of their search are listed. Recen1
developments in experimental results are reviewed.
667. yueh W. R. Thesis, Columbia Univ.,New York, 1974.
PAIR PRODUCTION PROCESSES AND FINAL-STATE
INTERACTION
Principal;y a discussion of general radiative pro-
oesses - but also considers case of magnetic monopole.
Prediction
Discussion of Laboratory production of pole pairs
with a laser. Concludes it is not feasible.
668. yueh W.R.Print -74-0344,Columbia,1974.
SPONTANEOUS DUALITY BREAKING,NON-CLASSICAL
MONOPOLE THEORY AND FINITE QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS
...
669. Zrelov V.P., Kollarova L.,Kollar D., Lupilttsev V.P.,
Pavlovic P., Ruzicka J., Sidorova V.I.,Shabashov M.F.,
Janik R. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research,P1-7996,
Dubna, 1974.
SEARCH FOR THE DmAC MONOPOLE OVER THE VAVILOV-
CHERENKOV RADIATION USING TIm 70 GEV IHEP PROTON
. SYNCi-mOTRON
At the proton energy of 70 GeV on the ipternol target
of the lImp proton synchrotron. the scorch was mnde for
magnetic charges over the Vavilov-Chcrenkov radiation and
'characteristic polarization. Eight Chercnkov counters of
a special construction served as detectors. Possible events
were recorded with two fast five-ray oscillographs triggered
by six -fold coincidences. The efficiency of the mangetic
charge recording was about 10%.
The proton beam of 6.4 x 10
16
intenoity traversed the
target-radiator; and not a single case of the production
of the Dirac monopole with the magnetic charge from minimal
one of about 2/3 <JD ( g.:D =68.5 e) up to 2 gJ> was recorded.
This means that in the conditions of our experiment the
upper boundary of the cross section of the Dirac monopole
production by 70 GeV protons per nucleon of Si and 0 nuclei
for magnetic targets of masses from 3 up to 5.5 mp was
found to be c5' (95%) '2. 10-
40
cm
2

\ .
--'-
....
1975
'1975
670. Adair R.K. In: LEPTOn AND HADRON S T R U T U R E ~ Internationa:
School of Subnuclear Physics, Erice, Italy, 1975, vol.12,
pp.J18-J74.
MISSING PARTICLES
Review of particle searches in some detail.
671. Ahlen S. P.
contract NGR-05-00)-376,1975 (NASA-CR-146806).
MONOPOLE TRACK CHARACTERISITCS IN PLASTIC
DETECTORS
Total and restricted energy loss rates were calculated
for magnetic monopoles of charge g=137e Lexan polycarbonate
Range-energy curves are also presented. The restircted ener-
gy loss model is used to estimate the apperance of 'a monopole
track in plastic detectors. These results should be useful
for the design and analysis of monopole experiments.
672. Akhiezer A.I. and Rekalo M.P. Soviet Physics - Uspekhi
1975, vol.17, p.864.
ELECTRIC CHARGE OF ELE:MENTARY PARTICLES
673. Alvarez L.W.
1975.
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory,LBL-4260,Berkeley
ANALYSIS OF A REPORTED MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
Criticism of PSOP suggesting event may be a heavy
ion undergoing several interactions. Points out that ~
thickness above Cherenkov detector was 0.3 gm/cm
2
"lexat
2
equivalent rather than reported 0.7 gm/cm
674. Alvarez L.W. Invited talk presented at the Stanford
"International Conference on Leptons and Photons.Stanford.
California, 1975.
ANALYSIS OF A REPORTED MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
It is shown that there are several substantive errors
\
in a previous work on a cosmic ray event which is consis-
tent with the hypothesis that it was caused by a magnetic
monopole. It is shown that the data points fit to the
hypothesis that the responsible particle is a platinum
nucleus fragmenting to osmium and then to tantalum.
675. Anderson P.W. In: GAUGE THEORIES AND MODERN FIELD THEORY,
Proceed. of a Conf. held on Notheastern Univ., Boston,1)75,
p p. 311-335.
USES OF SOLID STATES ANALOGES IN ELEMENTARY
PARTICLE THEOREM
The solid state background of some the modern ideas of
field theory is reviewed, and additional examples of modern
situations in solid state or many-body theory which may
have relevance to fundamental theories of elementary particle
are adduced.
676. Andreev V.A. Sb. Kratkh. soobshch. Fiz. AN SSR, Fiz.Inst.
P.N.Lebedeva,1975, No 2, pp.32-35.
ALGEBRAIC PROPERTIES OF THE SCATTERING AMPLITUDE
FOR A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
(In Russian)
677. Andreev V.A. SOy. Phys.Lebedev Inst.Rep (USA), 1975,No 2,
pp.39-46,(Transl. of: Sb.Kratkh.soobshch. Fiz. ANSSSR,Fiz.
Inst. P.N.Lebedeva, 1975, No 2,
::. ALGEBRAIC PROPERTIES OF THE SCATTERING AMPLITUDE
FOR A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
678. Andreev V.A. Sb.Kratk.Soobshch. Fiz. AN SSSR,
Fiz.Inst. P.N.Lebedeva, 1975, No 8, pp.3-8.
METHODS OF SUMMING UP OF THE KLEIBSH-GRODON
COEFFICIENTS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN THE
THEORY OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
The method of summing the coefficiento
J . .
(group /03/) has been developed. Some fHlmS, obtained in
calculations are obtained according to perturbation theory
by means of this method in the models of the hydrogen
atom and magnetic monopole.
679. Andreev V.A. Sov.Phys.-Lebedev Inst.Rep.(USA),1975, No E
PP.1-6,(Translation of : Sb.Kratk.Soobshch. Fiz. AN SSSR
Fiz. Inst. P. N. Lebedeva, 1975, No 8, pp. 3-8).
METHODS FOR SUMl'llING THE KLEIBSCH-GORDON
COEFFICIENTS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN THE
THEORY OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
680. APPARENT DISCOVERY OF LONG-SOUGHT MONOPOLE:
ItCONTROLLED EXCITEIvlENT", Sci. News, 1975, vol.108, No 8/9,
pp.118 -120.
681. Arafune J., Freund P.G.O. and Goebel C.J.
1975, vol.16, No 2, pp.433-437.
TOPOLOGY OF" HIGGS FIELDS
J.Math.Phys.,
It is shown that the conserved magnetic charge
discovered by 't Hooft in non-Abelian gauge theories
with spontaneous symmetry breaking is not associated with
the invariance of the action under a symmetry group. Rather
it is a topological characteristic of an isotriplet of
Higgs fields ina three-dimensional space. the Brouwer degr
of the mapping between a large sphere in configuration,
space and the unit sphere in field space provided by the
norma,lized Higgs field $a, = po- ( rph. {/"
use of topological methods in determining magnetic charge
configurations is outlined. A peculiar interplay between
Dirac strings and zeros of the Higgs field under gauge
transformations is pointed out. The monopole-antimonopole
system is studied.
682. Arofune J., Freud F.G.O., Goebel C.J. International
Symposium on Mathematical Problems in Theoretical Phyoics,
1975, pp.240-241. Lecture notes in Physics, 1975,
TOPOLOGY OF HIGGS FIELDS
683. Artru x. Nucl.Phys.,1975, vol.B 85, p.442.
STRING MODEL WITH BARYONS: TOPOLOGY,
CLASSICAL MOTION
We consider the model in which a meson is an open
string with a quark at one end, an anti-quark at the other
end; a baryon is made of three strings joining at a point an
carrying quarks at their free ends. The triality condition
is ensured by orienting the strings according to simple rule
These rules suggest the existence of an underlying magr.etic
monopole theory. Independently of this explanation we ir.ves-
tigate first the topological properties of the model by look,
ing at the duality diagrams: existence of exotic hadrons
of five basic interactions between strings. Some normaliza-
.tion diagrams are assigned a negative power of the Veneziano
coupling constant. Then taking the same action ( the world-
sheet area) as in the conyentional string model we set down
the equations of motion of a junction. We argue that the slo]
of the leading baryonic Regge trajectory is the same as that
for the mesons. As an example of an application, we study
the sticking together of two colliding strings; we find that
it is classically forbidden at relation velocities greater
than (-f ,
684. Badhwar G.D., Golden R.L., Lacy J.L.,Stephens S.A.
14-th International Cosmic Ray Conf., Muenchen,1975, vol.12,
pp.4068-4071.
ENERGIES OF MONOPOLE PRODUCTION
~ ~ this paper we explore the relativistic kinematics
of monopole production and mechanism of energy loss and gain
for monopoles in free space and in the upper atmosphere. We
conclude that a monopole produced in a nuclear interaction
must have a laboratory energy greater than approximately
2 x10
5
GeV if its mass is greater than 600 Gev/c
2
A study
of energy loss mechanism of such an energetic monopole in
the earth's magnetic field and atmosphere rules out the
posoibility of observing such a monopole with the parame-
ters observed by Prince et ale The very low velocity of
the observed monopole also makes an extraterrestrial produc-
tion mechanism very unlikely.
685. Bais F.A. and Russell R.J.
Phys.Rev., vol. D11 ,.1975,
No 10, pp.2692-2695.
MAGNETIC-MONOPOLE SOLUTION OF NON-ABELIAN
GAUGE THEORY IN CURVED SPACETIME
A magnetic monopole solution of a non-Abelian gauge
theory as proposed by 't Hooft is studied in curve space-
time. Einstein's equations are solved for the case of a
magnetic point charge yielding a metric identical to the
Reissner-Nordstrom metric, except that a nonvanishing cosmol(
gical constant is involved.
686. Balachandran A.P., Rupertsberger H. and Schechter J.
Phys.Rev., 1975, vol. D11, No 8, pp.2260-2271.
MONOPOLE THEORIES WITH MASSLESS AND MASSIVE
GAUGE FIELDS
We investigate magnetic-monopole-type theories,
including those where the gauge field acquires a mass.
The study is based on a modification of Awanziger's local
Lagrangian formulation of the usual (zero-mass) theory.
The quantization is carried out by using Dirac's general
method. For the mass-zero case the knovm results are
recorded including the charge-quantization condi.tion. The
Hamiltonian ~ n angular momentum for the massive case are
derived and sicussed. Further, it is shown how Numbu's
static phenomenological Hamiltonian can be derived as a
special case of the massive theory. Certain difficulties
associated with the rotational invariance of such theories
are pointed o u t ~
r
687. Balachandran A.P., Ramachandran R., Schecter J., Wali K.C.
and Rupertsberger H. Proceedings of the Second Orbis
Sciential, University of Miami,. ed. Perlmutter A. and
Widmayer S.M. ,Plenum, New York, 1975,pp.J41-J47.
SU-4205-47, Coral Gables, Florida, 1975.
MONOPOLE ( STRINGS AND CHAHMONIUM
We shaw that tho strength of the potential which varies
os the distance between quarks can be related to the univer-
sal Regge slope parameter ) This relation is in
excelent agreement with the phenomenological analysis of
the newly discovered resonances '"41" (3.1) and '41 (3.7)
. by e.'chien et ale
688. Balachandran A.P., Ramachandran R.
t
Schechter J.,Wali K.C.,
Eupertsberger H. Syracuse Uni v., N. Y. (USA), Dept. 0:'
Phys., SU-4206-54,1975.
Vienna Univ.(Austria). Inst. fuer Theoretische Physik.
000-3533-54.
STRINGS,MONOPOLES AND MESON STATES
Dirac's formulation of the monopole theory modified
by an additional mass term for the gauge field has been
considered as a possible simplified model for quark binding.
Methods are discussed for the consistent regularization of
the infinities present in the resulting action and equations
of motion. This leads to an action which is the same as that
suggested by previous authors. It is shown that the expre-
ssion for energy of the action still has infi-
nities unless the mass of the gauge field is infinite. Thus
the regularization procedure is in complete when the gauge
field has finite mass. Applications of the regularized mo-
del to charmonium and other meson states are discussed.
689. Balachandran A.P., Ramachandran R., Schechter J., Rupertsber
ger H. Syracuse Univ., N.Y. (USA), Dept. of Phys., SU-4206
53, 000-3533-53,1975.
HAMILTONIAN OF MONOPOLE THEORIES
.',
WITH STRINGS
We consider the Hamiltonian formulation of the theory
resulting from Dirac's monopole action supplement by a mass
term for the gauge field. The original (zero mass gauge
field) theory is also discussed and its Hamiltonian, is shown
to be essentially the same as that of the two potential
formalism. In this case, the coordinates of the strine are
absorbed into what turn out to be the 'physically meaningful
variables for the partie les and the fie'ld. Tn the massive casl
' ..
string does play a significant role and gives rise to a
static linear potential and a Yukawa potential between
the monopole. Such a potential has also been found by Nambu
and others and may lead to an acceptable model for interac-
tions of quarks.
690. Barut A. o. Phys.Blatter, 1975, vol.J1, No 8, pp.J52-)61.
THE PHYSICS OF MAGlillTIC MONOPOLES. A CONTRIBUTION
TO THE MAGNETIC MODEL OF
General review of Barut's position on magnetic monopoles.
691. Biza Yu" S. and Tomil'chik L.M. Vestsi Akad.Nmk BSSR,
Sere Fiz.-mat 1975, vol.2, pp.110-113.
EFFECT OF THE NON-UNIVERSALITY OF THE RATIO g/e
ON THE SPECTRUM OF A HYDROGEN-LIKE SYSTEM AND
EVALUATION OF THE MAGNETIC CHARGE
Within the frame-work of the first approximation
of perturbation theory the influence of quantity g/e
shift from the universal one at the energy of
the non-relativistic hydrogen-like system comprising to
dually charged particles is calculated. The numerical
calculation of the magnetic charge of proton, muon, pion
and kaon is made on the basis of spectroscopic data for
hydrogen atoms and mesoatoms
692. Biza Yu. S., Tomi l' chik L. M.
1975; vol.24,pp.325-332.
Teoret. i Matemat. Fizika,
NON-illfIVERSALITY OF THE g/e REACTION IN THE
RELATIVISTIC KEPLER PROBLEM
Effect of g/e relation non-universality on the energy
spectrum of a relativistic hydrogen-like system is investiga'
ted. The first order correction to the energy eigenvalues
for 1/2 spin case ( the Dirac equation) is calculated. It
is shown that in this case the two-fold degenracy which
takes place in the ordinary relativistic Kepler problem
removes itself, which can be interpreted as a peculiar
Lamb shift imitation. Direct evaluation of the upper limit
for possible magnetic proton and muon charges is made with
the aid of the comparison between the ~ s u l t s obtained and
knovm experimental and theoretical data concerning Lamb
shift numerical value in ordinary atoms and mumesonic atoms.
693. Bludman I.A Ruderman M.A . University of Pensylvania,
Dept. of Phys., UPR-0053T. Philadelphia, 1975.
THEORETICAL LIMITS ON INTERSTELLAR MAGNETIC POLES
SET BY nEARBY MAGNETIC FIELDS
The persistence of the nearby interstellar magnetic
field limits the monopole birth rate in our galaxy to
<. 10-
37
poles cm-
3
s-
1
, and flux to <. 10-
16
poles cm-
2
s-
1
For magnetic monopoles more energetic then 3 x 10
4
GeV, thi
theoretical flux limit is lower than that set by monopole
searches in lunar rocks. Since the average energy gained
by cosmic monopoles from the interstellar field is > 1011GeV
they can be detected non-relativistically only if their
mass M ~ 10
11
Gev/c
2
Such large masses may be concievable .
for elementary 't Hooft monopoles. They can, however, be
produced in collisions on stationary nucleons only at
E > 10
22
GeV and then require at least 10
21
g m cm-
2
matter
for ionization loss to make them non-relativistic. Such
massive monopoles can therefore only be primordial pr
cosmologically produced. Low mass monopoles trapped in one
micron dust grains and released only in the earth's atmosphe:
are possible, but their flux must be far below that deduced
by price et al.
694. Boal D. H. and Moffat J. W.
pp.2026-2030.
Phys.Rev.,1975, vol.D11, No 8,
PHYSICAL CONSEQUENCES OF A SOLUTION OF THE
NON-SYMMETRIC UNIFIED FIELD THEORY
The physical consequences and possible tests of our
solution of the non-symmetryc unified field theory of
gravitation and electromagnetism are discussed. It is found
in general that a universal constant L introduced in the
unification of the theory shows itself as a fourth-ordor
effect in the propagation of light near a charged body.
Further, it is shown that magnetic monopoles are not an
allowed solution of the theory.
695. Budnev V.M., Ginzburg I.F., Meledin G.V., Serbo V.G.,
Phys.Rep.,1975, vol.15, p.181.
THE TWO-PHOTON PARTICLE PRODUCTION r,mCHANISM.
PHYSICAL PROBLEMS.APPLICATIONS.EQUIVALElIT
PHOTON APPROXIMATION
Reviews how photon spectrum from virtual excitation of'
monopole pairs should go.
Prediction:
Cross section and distributions from virtual excitation
of MM.
696. Burke D.L., Gustafson H.R., Jones L.W. and Longo M.L.
Phys.Lett., 1975, v.ol. B60, p.11J.
SEARCH FOR ANOMALOUS MULTIPHOTON PRODUCTION
AT 100-JOO GEV
We have carried out a search for anomalous multiphoton
production in neutron-CH
2
collisions at Fermilab. Both
,anomalous t events as might be produced in the annihila-
tion of a magnetic monopole pair, as well as events with
smaller opening angles, such as those observed in cosmic
ray emulsions by Schein et al. and others were sought.Ho
evidence for either type of event was found. An upper
limit rv 2.7 jUb is placed on the production cross section
for "Schein" events or rV 10-
2
that deduced from the cosmic
ray 'data.
\
697. Campbell W.B., Finkler p.,.Jones C.E. and Misheloff M.N.
Print-75-1005, Nebraska, 1975.
nmAC MONOPOLES, THE AHARANOV - BOHM EFFECT
AND FLUX QUANTIZATION IN SUPERCOIIDUCTORS
r o/c
- "/1;;/ ,
698. Cabera B. In: LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS, M.Krusins and
M.Vurio, Ed., Uorth-Holland,1915, vol.IV.
GENERATING ULTRA-LOW MAGNETIC FIELD REGIONS
WITH SUPERCONDUCTING SHIELDS AND THEIR USE
WITH A SENSITIVE MAGNETIC CHARGE DETECTOn
699. Carrigan R.A.,Jr., and nezrick F.A.
vol. B91, No 2, pp.219-288.
Nucl. Phys. ,1915 t
SEARCH FOR NEUTRINO-PRODUCED MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES IIi A BUBBLE CHAMBER EXPOSURE
J.Schwinger has suggested that magnetically charged
particles could be produced via a magnetically charged
intermediate boson process similar to the mechanism some-
times envisioned for double muon production by neutrinos.
A search for magnetic monopole production by neutrinos has
been made by reexamining the CERN heavy liquid bubble chambe
pictures obtained during the neutrino exposures of 1963 and
1967. Five different searches were made for events which
contained a free monopole with and without target nucleus
excitation and for bound monopoles which deexited by photon
emission. No events were found. -Neutrino monopole production
cross section limits are given.
700. Carrigan R.A.,Jr., Nezrick F.A. and Strauss B.P.
FERMI NATIONAL LABORATORY, FERMILAB-pub-15/83-EXP,Bata'.ria,
1975.
SEARCH FOR MISPLACED MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
-.
The quoted.flux in recent report of a detected magnetic
monopole is inconsistent by factor on the order of five
hundred thousand with ocean-bottom searches. One resolution
of this incongruity is that monopoles are trapped somewhere
between the top of the atmo?phere and the ocean bottom.We
have searched for monopoles in the atmosphere and ocean
water and have found none at levels substantially below
the numbers expected if the monopoles were trapped.
increased a factor of 35 by using a sensitive magnetometer
(SQUID) to measure changes in current. The modifications,
new measurement techniques, and implications for past and
are described.
711. Eberhard P.R., Ross R.R.,Taylor J.D.,Alvarez L.W., and
Oberlack H. Phys.Rev.,1975, vol. D11, No 11, pp.3099-
3104.
EVIDENCE AT THE 10-
18
PROBABILITY LEVEL
AGAINST THE PRODUCTION OF MAG1TETIC MONOPOLES
IN PROTON INTERACTIONS AT 300 GEV/C
An electromagnetic search for magnetic monopoles that
requires very few assumptions about their properties has
been performed in material exposed for protons accelerated
at FERMILAB to electrons at SLAC, and to pp interactions
as the CERN ISR. The most significant irrediation (Fermilab
300 GeV/c) produced 2.5 x 10
18
primary proton-aluminum inter-
actions. No monopoles were found. If monopoles exist with
masses less than 12 GeV, the probability of pair production
in a proton-nucleon collision is of the order of 10-
18
or
less with 95% confidence.
712. Eberhard P.H. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, LBL-4289.
Berkeley, 1975.
STATUS OF SEARCHES FOR MONOPOLES
Review of PSOP event and problem of reconciling with
cosmic searches.
71). Eberhard P. Meeting of the ASP division of particles and
fields, Seattle, Washington, USA, 27 Aug 1975.
STATUS OF SEARCHES FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The recent experiment reporting the discovery of a
monopole .is compared to the negative experiments performed
previously. The different determinations of the flux of
monopoles are contradictory. It is likely that the event
reported as a monopole may be given another interpretation.
714. Eberhard P.H. and Ross R.R.
LBL-4614, Lawrence Berkeley
Lab., Berkeley,1975.
ARE MONOPOLES TRAPPED BY MATERIAL?
Reviews arguments of binding of monopoles to ferromagnetic
materials and concludes they are plausible.
715. Eguchi T. Phys.Lett.,1975, vol.B59, No 1, pp.73-78.
COLOURED MONOPOLES
We extend Diracts theory of magnetic monopoles to the
case of non-Abelian color gauge groups. Exact classical
solution is obtained by making use of the gauge-independent
method of Yang-Mills field. The case of broken gauge sym-
metry is also briefly discussed.
716. Eguchi Tohru. The Enrico Fermi Institute, The University
of Chicago, EFI 75-16, Chicago, Illinois, 1975.
COLOURED MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
711. Ezawa Z.P. and Tze H.C. Nucl.Phys.,1975, vol.B100,
No 1, pp.1-20.
TRIALITY MONOPOLES, HADRONIC VORTICES AND
THE YANG-MILLS CONNECTION
In the context of a colour SU(N) gauge theory, we
formulate a scheme for courless Dirac monopoles with thier
associated strings. Its distinct feature lies in the intro-
duction of a covariant constant measuring operator C with
which a relativistic gauge invariant flux is constructed
for the monopoles. This flus is defined only by modulo
N. Furthemore, the existence of C leads to a reduction
in the colour degrees of freedom and specifies the holonomy
group classifying a new monopole solution to the field
equations. Since the Dirac strings become physical vortices
in an SU(N) superconducting vacuum we shaw that N qunrk-
monopole are confined at the ends of N legged vortices,thus
fulfilling the Mandelstam-Polyakov topological "triality".
The Nambu-London equations for these interacting vortices
are derived in the three approximation.
718. Faddeev C.D.
JETP Letters, 1975, vol.21, p.64.
719. Fleischer R.L. and Walker R. M. Phys.Rev.Lett.,
vol.35, pp,1412-1419.
PROBABILITIES FOR AN ALTERNATIVE EXPLANATION
OF THE MOVING MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
The cosmic-ray track tha"t has been interpreted as a
magnetic monopole may in principle be from a nucleus that
underwent nuclear interactions. "The apriori probability
of this Catter process is calculated to be-- if the
particle moved at the reported velocity of < 0.6c, but
rises 10-
3
if is allowed. Among the number of
cosmic rays already examined, the total predicted probabi-
lities for observing such an interacting event would have
been 7 x 10-
13
at < 0.6c and"""" 2% at 0.7c.
720. Frampron P.R. Phys.Rev.,1975, vol. D12, No 2,pp.538-545.
STRING APPROACHES TO HADRON STRUCTURE
Two principle string approaches to a more realistic
dual resonance model are discussed. Firstly, Narnbu1s propo-
sal of 1974, identifying the Dirac magnetic monopole string
with the dual string, after spontaneous break-down and the
Higgs mechanism in a strong-coupling limit is investigated.
The mathematics underlying Narnbuts rather intuitive deri-
vation has been further investigated by Balachandran,Ruper- .
tsberger and Schechter ( who put in the vector mass by hand)
and independently by Levicki and senjenovic ( who fully
exploit spontaneous breaking and the Higgs mechanism).Here
we show that in a leading approximation to the Nambu mono-
pole action the fenornenologically desirable linearity of
the leading Regge trajectory seems to be badly violated.
Secondly, alternative quantization procedures for the ort-
ginal 1970 Nambu relativistic string action ( area of tho
wordly sheet) are treated in particular a timelike idcntificI
tion of the string time r;:: which has recently been advocated
by Patrascioiu ,by Rohrlich, and by Goddard ,HanGon and
Ponzeno. The most of this discussion seems to be
that of Rohrlich who ses a quite different reprecentation .
for the canonical algebra and the Poincare group. Here we
demonstrate, however, that the usual unphysical level spect-
rum a massless first excited state emerges as a fully
consistent solution even in this approach, and that probably
no other solution exists. Finally, the various Nambu string
approaches are compared to other attempts to discover the
"right" model of strong interactions.
721. Frampton P.H. Univ.of California Preprint
j
UCLA/75/TEP/23,
Los Angeles,1975.
RADIAL EXCITATIONS OF THE 'T HOOFT MONOPOLE
722. Fr'zier K. SCi.News,1975, v.108, No 14, pp.222-223.
HIGH STAKES IN THE MONOPOLE CLAIM GAME;
ALVAREZ: "TOO BAD IT WASN'T RIGHTtt
723. Frenkel A. and Hrasko P. Central Research Institute for
Physics, KFKI-75-82,Budapest,Hungary,1975.
See also: Ann.Phys.,1977, vol.105, pp.288
INVARIANCE PROPERTIES OF THE DIRAC MONOPOLE
The qunatum mechanical motion of a spinless electron
in the external field of a magnetic monopole of magnetic
charge is investigated. It is shown that Dirac's quan-
tum condi tion .iJll-te.. C-lc'fl = n for the string being
unobservable ensures rotation invariance and correct space
reflection properties for any integer value n .The rotation
and space reflection operators are found and their group
theoretical properties are discussed. A method for construc-
ting conserved quantities in the case when the potential is
not explicitly invariant under the symme'try operation is
also presented and applied to the discussion of the angular
momentum of the system.
724. Friedlander M.W.
pp.1167-1169.
Phys,Rev.Lett., 1975, vol.J5, No 17,
COMMENTS ON THE REPORTED OBSERVATION OF A
MONOPOLE
It is shown that the cosmic-ray event recently inter-
preted as the track of a Dirac monopole can instead be
plausibly described in terms of the interaction of an
ultraheavy cosmic-ray nucleus, having Z """'- 96 and veloci ty
,-..- 0.72c.
725. Fronsdal C. Phys.Rev.,1975, vol.D12, No 12, pp.J819-J930.
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES IN A CURVED SPACE.
IV. MASSLESS PARTICLES
Is physics is stable with respect to a class of pertur-
bation of the spacetime metric, including that of "small"
constant four -dimensional curreture, then it may be shovm
that (1) left-handed and right-handed neutrinos are distin-
guished by a rule, (2) magnetic monopoles
cannot exist, (J) the confirmal symmetry associated with
the field equations for massless particles with spin 0,1/2
and 1 is pontaneously broken except in the case of neutrinos
with fixed chirality.
726. Giacomelli G., Rossi A.M.,Vannini G.,Bussiere A., Baroni G.,
Di Liberto S., Petrera S., Romano G. Nuovo Cimentro A,
1975, vol.28A, No 1, pp.21-28.
'(
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AT THE CERN-ISR WITH
plastic detectors
A search for Dirac's magnetic monopoles produced in
pp collisions was performed at the CERN-ISR employing
plastic detectors. The search was sensitive to poles with a
mass m 30 GeV. For m <:: 20 GeV and a magnetic charge
g g
0.4g .:::... g < 2.5g the search yielded in upper limit on
the of 6' < 2.10-
J6
cm
2
(95% confi-
dence level).
7"27. Giacomelli G. and Thorndike A. Proceedir:gs of the 1975
Isabelle Summer Study, July 14-25,1975, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, BNL-20550, vol.2, pp.301-J15.
MONOPOLE SEARCHES AT ISABELLE
Contains a discussion of possible monopole search
experiments that could be carried out at the Isabelle
storage rings.
728. Glashow S. L. In: GAUGE THEORIES AND MODERN FIELD THEORY,
Proceedings of a Conference held at Northeastern University
Boston,1975, pp.222-227.
FUNDAMENTAL TIillORY:NEW PARTICLES,NEW IDEAS
729. Goldhaber A.S. and Smith J.
pp.7J10770.
HYPOTHETICAL PARTICLES
Rep.Prog. Phys., 1975, vol.J8,
A review is given of the status of hypotheses about
various undiscovered particles.Magnetic monopoles,interme -
diate bosons, heavy leptons, scalar particles, quarks,tachyonf
and protons are discussed, along with speculations about
the newly discovered neutral mesons.
730. Greub w. and Petry H.R.
pp.1347-1351.
J.Math.Phys.,1975, vol.16,No 6,
MINIMAL COUPLING AND COMPLEX LINE BUNDLES
The concept of minimal coupling, which leads to the
Schrodinger equation of a particle in an external electro-
magnetic field, is reformulated within the theory of complex
line bundles. The possible generalizations are discussed
and the case of magnetic monopole is investigated with the
help of the new formalism.
731. McGuire P., Ruffini R. Phys.Rev.,1975, vol. n12,No 10,
pp. 3019-J02 5.
SOME MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC MONOPOLE ONE-BODY
SOLUTIONS OF THE MAXWELL-EINSTEIN EQUATIONS
We examine the "electromagnetic structure of a
732.
one-body solution of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations
endoved with mass m , charge Q ,specific momentum a,
and a parameter 1. It is shown how the parameter introducec
by Newman, Tamburino and Unti is related to the magnetic
monopole charge distribution of the solution. A relation
is presented between the total mass energy of the system
and its irreducible mass. The total maSs energy can be much
smaller than the irreducible mass. A general solution charac
terized by the four parameters m,Q,a, and 1 is here intro
duced

Gursey F. In: GAUGE THEORIES AND MODERN FIELD THEORY,
Proceedings of a Conf. held at Northeastern UniverSity,
Boston,1975, pp.369-376.
SUPERSYMMETRIC ANSATZ FOR SPONTANEOUSLY BROKEN
GAUGE FIELD THEORIES
It is shown that a new type of Ansatz involving
spinors in .a gauge theory with Higgs fields based on
SU(3) leads to 't Hooft type monopole solutions with
finite energy which carry fractional charges of the quarks.
733. Hagstrom R.
1678.
Phys.Rev.Lett., 1975, vol.35, No 25,pp.1677-
PRACTICABLE DISCRIMINATION OF RAPIDLY MOVING
ELECTRIC AND CHARGES
A method of discriminating between rapidly moving
and magnetic charges is The scheme
relies on detection of the polarization of Cherenkov radia-

734. 't Hooft G. Rapporteur's talk given at EPS Int.Conf. on
High Energy Physics, Palermo,1975, pp.1225-1250.
GAUGE THEORIES WITH UNIFIED
AND STRONG INTERACTIO,NS
735. Hosoya A. and Ishida J. International Symposium on
Mathematical Problems in Theoretical Physics, Kyoto,1975.
Lecture Notes in Physics, No 39, 1975.
NEW EXACT SOLUTIONS OF TIill CLASSICAL YANG-MILLS
FIELD EQUATIONS
736. Hsu J. P.
192.
Nuovo Cimento Lett. ,1975, vol.14, No 6, pp.189-
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND DISTORTED GAUGE
Magnetic monopoles exist in vector-boson theories
with intrinsic symmetry break down rather than spontaneous-
ly broken symmetry.
Prediction :
Possibly mass =
2 .
Mle (M= vector boson mass)
No strings
737. Hsu J.P. Texas Univ., Austin,USA, Centre for Particle
Theory, Oct.1975, ORO-3992-236.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND DISTORTED GAUGE SYNIMETRY
It is shown that magnetic monopoles occur 'in massive
vector boson theory with an intrinsic symmetry break down
while still distorted gauge symmetry. The exact
static spherically solutions for the monopole
"are obtained. Their meaning is discussed on the basis of gaugE
symmetry.
",
738. Hsu J.P. Center for Particle Theory. Texas Univ.,Austin,
USA, ORO-3992-254, 1975.
MIXING ANGLE THETA AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
IN WEINBERG'S UNIFIED GAUGE THEORY
Gauge symmetry admits a local unit isovector and leads
to the magnetic monopoles in Weinber's unified theory. One
predicts sin
2
G =112 for the mixing angle Q on the basi s
of Dirac's condition for charge quantization. This interes-
ting result should be tested experimentally.
739. Hsu J.P. Texas Univ.,Austin,USA, Center for Particle
Theory, ORO-3992-223,1975.
740.
741.
742.
EXACT MAGNETIC MONOPOLE SOJJU'fIONS IN YANG-MILLS
AND UNIFIED G.KUGE THEOHIES
we study the magnetic monopoles in non-Abelian gauge
theories. The exact static spherically symmetric solutions
of the magnetic monopoles in both Yang-Mill's and unified
gauge theories are obtained. The energy E of the static
system is calculated and it is either zero or infinite.The
existence of the'magnetic monopole solution is a consequ-
ence of symmetry rather than dynamics. We propose a new defi-
nition of the electromagnetic field tensor which relates
the static solution of gauge fields and the magnetic mono-
pole solution. Experimental implications are discussed.
Hungerford E. V.
pp.1303-1305.
Phys.Rev.Lett.,1975, vol.35, No 19,
COMMENT ON THE OBSERVATION OF A MOVING
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
It is determined that if the recent observation of a cosmic-
ray track is accepted as produced by a magnetic monopole
than the magnetic charge must correspond to a south-seeking
. J 2
pc;.le for a monopole mass less than 6.6 x 10 GeV/c. In
addition, the pole could not have been produced by a primary
oosmic ray in the upper atmosphere.
Ivanenko D.D. and Burinskii A.Ya.
Fiz.,1975, vol.5, p.135.
Izv.Vyssh.Uchebn.Zaved.,
GRAVITATIONAL STRINGS IN ELEMENTARY PARTICLE
MODELS
Jackiw R.
In: GAUGE THEORIES AND MODERN FIELD THEORY,
Proceed. of a Conference held at Northe'astern Uni versi ty,
Boston, 1975, pp.377-401.
..'
CHARGE AND 'MASS SPECTRUM OF QUANTUM SOLUTIONS
J
. A perturbative method for solution sebtors in quantum
field theory is reviewed and the solution mass spectum is
discussed. It is shown that quantizing the Yang-Mills
monopole forces the presence of charge-bearing monopoles,
which are almost degenerate in mass
743. Jackson J. D. CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS. Second edi tion
WilleY-New York,London,sydney,Toronto,1975, p.2:51.
ON THE QUESTION OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
Contains an"excellent introduction to the monopole
conjecture.
,
144. Jehle Herbert.
Phys.Rev.,1975, vol. D11, No 8,p.2147.
FLUX QUANTIZATION AND FRACTIONAL CHARGES OF
QUARKS
.145. Jevicki A. and Senjanovic P.I.
Phys.Rev.,1915, vol. D11,
No 4, pp.860-865.
STRING-LIKE SOLUTION OF HIGGS MODEL WITH
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
We derive a static solution of the equations of motion
following from a Higgs-type lagrangian containing in ad-
dition static .magnetic monopoles representing quarks. For
this purpose, we use Zwanzigerts approach ot magnetic mono-
poles, and thus we are dealing with a local field theory
for charged particles. We show that the solution has the
form a string of finite length for large coupling. We
exhibit the dependence of the energy of the system ( )
on interquark distance (2a))::;. (-e i<:/JJ<:'o.) I-
which is the form f9und by Nambu in his discussion of tJ
of model as a scheme which offers a mechanism for quark
.confinement. We therefore confirm that Numbuts results can
be reached in field-theoretic formulation.
146. Julia B. and Zee A.
pp.2227-2232.
Phys.Rev., 1975, vol. D11, No 8,
POLES WITH BOTH. MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC CHARGES
I
IN NON-ABELIAN GAUGE THEORY
We show that a non-Abelian g u g ~ theory with Higgs
fields exhibits classical solutionn which are both electri-
cally and magnetically charged. This represents a specific
realization of the dyons discussed some years ago by Schwin-
ger. At the classical level the electric charge of the dyon
does not appear to be quantized. we present some remarks
in this connection.
747. Kerner R.
182.
Int.J. Theor.Phys.,1915, vol.12, No 3, pp.111-
GENERALIZED MAGNETIC MONOPOLE FOR THE YANG-MILLS
FIELD
By analogy to the magnetic monopole first proposed
by Dirac (1931), a generalized magnetic monopole, being
a source of the Yang-Mills field, is constructed. The gauge
invariance and the rotational symmetry lead in a natural
way to the quantization not only of the electric charge
but also of the hypercharge number Y It is shown that
the generalized magnetic charges are not arbitrary, and
some restrictions on the values are deduced.
748. Klein O. Nucl.Phys.,1975, vol. B92, No 3, pp.541-546.
ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY TREATED IN ANALOGY TO THE
THEORY OF GRAVITATION
As a further contribution to the program of Klein
the P!esent paper treats electromagnetic theory as an
analogue to that of gravitation, introducing two extra
dimensions not belonging to space and time, one space-like
and one time-like. The difficulty concerning unitarity
mentioned there is surmounted by a rational generalization
of Bargman t s needed for the same purpose for the Lograngiar,
density belonging to the Dirac equation.Moreover, the treat-
ment of the inversion relations, using one extra dimension,
is extended to two such dimensions. These two dimensior.s lead
to the possibility of a natural avoidance of the difficulty
present in the so-called five-dimensional representation
of electromagnetism of an enormously large mass term, at
least for states of so-far known masses. Finally, these two
dimensions lead to the introduction of two sets of electro-
magnetic potentials corresponding to the equations given
by Schwinger in developing Dirac's idea of magnetic monopole
defining thereby a further background.
It should be stressed that what has been said here aboll
particle states belongs to the primary empty particles with-
out normalization. Hence it is probably premature yet to try
to. explain these most interesting symmetries which belong
to " ono-empty" statea.
749. Kursunoglu B. In: THEORIES AND EXPERTME:JTS IN HIGH
ENERGY PHYSICS, Orbis Scientice, 1975, vol.9, pp.131-233.
ON THE CONSEQUENCES OF NON-LINEARITY IN" A UNIFIED
THEORY OF FmmAMEN"TAL INTERACTIOnS
The coupling strength between the field and particle
is found to be described by Gr'-'il.t (= el./ic' + 'if,: lIe) n=O,1, 2,
where the partial magnetic charges generate short range
fields only and where 0 for n. -+-.cO or (" __ 1/1"1(,.
The sign of the total magnetic charge 2" ( { = (-1)58")
I'\"'\)
o,orrelates wi th the spin directi on, where S = 0 and S =1,
oorrespond to spin up and spin down states, respectively.
At short distances a strongly interacting particle-anti
particle with antiparallel spins becomes via single
spin flip, a weakly interacting system in which the spins
are parallel. The infinite spectrum of "bare fundamental
lengths" ({2G5/c.z measure the devia-
. tion.of the theory from general relativity plus classical
electrodynamics and induce a structure of stratified layers
of magnetic charges, ,of alternating signs, within a
particle. The solutions of the field equations, as a result
of the non-linearity and genral cqvariance, produced an
inderterminancy in the localizability of the neutral
(and therefore in the }separating charge densi
ties of 6pposite signs in the layers. The size
of the magnetic structure is of the order of I!:/"lc .For
e 1:0 the corresponding solutions break: the symmetries of
oharge conjugation and parity and lead io the prediction
of massive with different masses. The equations
of motion are derived and the results lead to mass relations
for the four-massive fundamental particles and
)
their anti-particles as half the difference of the"bare
-----,
gravitational mass" VYl 'Vy(-LcI
2G
) and their finite
self energies. Based on the extremum value properties of the
vacuum magnetic field ( generated by ) it is conjectured
that the -p-e and >Z1'\ -Yc mass ratios are equal. All elementary
particles can be constructed as sub-nuclear bound or reso-
nance states of the fundamental particles '?,e, ) and
IS) e+))e.)J'YI- It is further shown that the mass and
") ) )!I,
charge appearing in the Nordstrom solution of general rela-
tivity correspond, for an elementary particle, to the bare
gravitational mass and the observed electric charge and
therefore they do not refer to either the bare' or observed
-
particles.
750. Mandelstam S. Phys.Lett., 1975, vol.B53, No 5, pp.476-478.
VORTICES AND QUARK IN NON-ABELIAN
GAUGE THEORIES
It is. shown that finite-length vortices in an SU( )
Nielsen-Olsen model require explicit introduction of mono-
poles, which are confined ir. multiples of by the
Meissner effect. The model therefore possesses a natural
explanation of quark confinement.
751. MONOPOLE
No 9, p.261.
CERN Courier, Sept.1975, vol.15,
752.
Marciano W.J. and Pagels
No 4, pp.1093-1095.
CLASSICAL su(3) GAUGE
Heinz Phys.Rev.,1975, vol. D12,
THEORY AND MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
We construct a topologically solution to the
pure Yang-Mills SU(3) gauge field equations(without scalar
fields) which corresponds to a point maenetic monopole. There
is no SU(2) analog to this solution.
753. Marion J.B. Physics and the Physical Universe, 1975,
MIR
t
Moscow, p.611
. QUARKS, MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND TACHYONS
DO THEY EXIST?
754. McGuire P., Ruffini Rc
pp.3019-3025.
Phys.Rev.,1975, vol.n12,No 10,
SOME MAGNETIC AND EIECTRIC MONOPOLE OUE-BODY
SOLUTIONS OF THE MAXWELL-EINSTEIN EQUATIONS
We examine the electromagnetic structure of a one-body
solution of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations endowed
with mass m, charge Q, specific angular momentum a, and
a parameter 1. It is shown how the parameter 1, introduced
by Newman, Tamburino and Unti, is related to the magnetic
monopole charge distribution of the solution. A relation is
presented between the total mass energy of the system and its
irreducible mass. A general solution characterized by the
four parameter m,Q,a and 1 is here introduced.
755. Mignani R. and Recami E. Nuovo Cimento, 1975, vol. 30A,
No 4, pp.533-540.
COMPLEX ELECTROMAGNETIC FOUR-POTENTIAL AND THE
CABIBBO-FERRARI RELATION FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
within "extended relativity" we generalize the Maxwell
equations in terms of four-potential for both ordinary and
faster-than-light charges. We succeed in giving a physical
meaning to the complex electromagnetic four-potential(and
to complex electromagnetic four-current tensor and field)
and in giving a new interpretation to the Cabibbo-Ferrari
relation for magnetic monopoles.
756. Mignani R.
t
Recami F. International Atomic Energy Agency
and United Nations Educational Scientific and cultural
Organization, International Centre for Theoretical Physico,
IC/75/88,PP-449.
COMPLEX ELECTROMAGNETIC FOUR-POTENTIAL AND THE
CABIBBO-FERRARI RELATION FOR MONOPOLES
757. Mignani R., Recami E. Instituto di Fisica Theorica
dell Catania, Carso Italie,S7,1975.
POSSIBLE EXPERIMENTAL BEHAVIOUR OF "TACHYON
MONOPOLES"
758. Mignani R., Recami E. Lett.Nuovo Cimento,1'::J75, vol.1),
No 15, pp.589-590.
CONNECTION BETWEEN MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND
FASTER-THAN-LIGHT SPEEDS: ANSVrER TO THE
COMMENTS BY CORBEN AND HONIG
759. Mignani R. Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nuclare,
INFN-643, Roma.1975.
SYMMETRIES OF ELECTRODYNAMICS 'WITH MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES AND THE HERTZ TENSOR
760. MIXED RECEPTION FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLE AlmOUNCEMENT
Phys.Today,1975, vol.28, No 10, .pp.17-20.
761. Monastyrsky M. I. and Perelomov A. M.
1975, vol.21, pp.94-96.
ZhETF Fiz.Red.,
SOME .. REMARKS ON MONOPOLES IN GAUGE FIELD
THEORIES
Simple topological criterion of monopole existence
in the gauge-invariant theories with a G symmetry
.
compact group is given.
762. Monastyrsky M.l. and Perelomov A.M.
1975, vol.21, p.43.
JETP Letters,.
SOME REMARKS ON MONOPOLES IN GAUGE FIELD
THEORIES
763. MONOPOLE CLAIM storm of Scrutiny .Sci.,News, 1975,
vol.108, No 11, pp.164-165.
764. MONOPOLES NO, ACTION AT A DISTANCE YES.
1975, vol. 68, No 974, p.318.
New SCienttst,
765. Parisi G. Phys.Rev.,1915, vol.D11, No 4, pp.970-971.
QUARK IMPRISONMENT AND VACUUM REPULSION
We describe a classical field theory in which
long-rang-forces are presented. These forces do not
from a direct interaction among particles. They have their
origin in a rather peculiar phenomenon, which we call
vacuum repulsion.
766. Parker L .. Phys.Rev.Lett.,1975, vol.34, Ho 7, pp.412-415.
767.
NON-LINEAR GRAVITATIONAL EFFECTS AND MAG1'ETIC
MONOPOLES
The Einstein-Maxwell equations for systems of particles
possessing electric and magnetic charge are considered. The
consequences of the linear and non-linear theories are
contrasted by considering a knovm class of exact solutions.
In particular, for these systems of dually charged particles,
angular momentum quantization leads to charge quantization
in the linear theory. Furthermore, if "strut
tt
singula-
rities are excluded, then isolated magnetic monopoles are
" ,
forbidden in these" solutions by non-linear gravitational
effects.
,
Patkos A. Nucl.Phys.,1975, vol.B97, No 2, p.352.
ON THE LANDAU-GINZBURG TYPE OF QUARK CONFINEMENT
We present a detailed investigation of the interaction
of "magnetically" charged quarks in the vacuum of type II
superconductivity ( represented in a relativistic theory by
a Higgs field). The analysis of confining forces is given
in detnils. Spin dependence, relationship to other
mechanisms and first" quantization are discussed.
768.
,.
Patkos A. In :NEUTRINO 75, 5-th Int.Conf.,Balaton-
fured, Hungary,1975. vol.II, pp.281-289.
HIGGS THEORY WITH MONOPOLES AND QUARK CONFINEMENT
769. Patrascioiu A.
530.
Phys.Rev.,1975, vol.D12, No 2, pp.52J-
EXTENDED PARTICLES AND MAGNETIC CHARGES
It is shovm that in more than two space dimensions
a field theory having no massless particles cannot have
solutions of the field equations whi.ch are periodic ir: time,
have finite energy, and are separated from the vacuum by
an infinite potential barrier. In three space dimensior:s
an infinite potential barrier can exist only between solu-
tions with different magnetic charge. In any gauge theory
in three space dimensions the magnetic charge is shovm to
have an intrinsic topological nature. The group SU(n) is
analyzed in detail and is shown to have n-1 types of magnetic
charges. The infinite nature of the potential barrier is
shown to be relevant for the semiclassical approximatior.
to the path-integral quantization.
770. Patrascioiu A. Inst. for Advanced Study, COO 2220-45,
Princeton, New Jersey, 1 ~ 7 5
EXTENDED PARTICLES AND MAGNETIC CHARGES
771. Perri"er P. . Recherche, 1975, vol.6, No 61, pp.965-966.
THE FIRST :MAGNETIC MONOPOLE (In French)
The value of the experiments of Berkeley and Houston
scientists, who claim to have detected the first magnetic
monopole, is discussed.
772. Pinsky L.S., Hagstrom R. 14-th Intern. Cosmic-Ray
Conf., Munchen, 1975, vol.12,pp.4044-4048.
A METHOD FOR UNIQUE IDENTIFICATION OF RELATIVISTIC
(>- 0,5) MAGNETIC MONOPOLES WITH A FAST FILM CHERElJ-
KOV DE'l'ECTOR
773. Polyakov A.M. vol.B59,No 1, pp.82-(34.
GAUGE FIELDS AND THE INFRARED
CATASTROPHE
It is shown that infrared phenomena in the gauge
theories are guided by a certain classical solutions of
the Yang-Mills equations. The existence of such solutions
can lead to a finite correlation length which stops infrared
catastrophe. In the present paper we deal only with theories
with a compact but Abelian gauge group. In this case the
problems of correlation length and charge confiy!emer.t are
completely solved.
774. Polyakov A.M. ZhETF,1975,vol.68, No 6,
ISOMERIC STATES OF QUANTUM FIELDS
It is shown that in theories with spontaneously broken
gauge there exist particles of a special type which
are classical field blocks with small quantum fluctuations.
Such blocks can exist only if the state of the field of
arbitrarily large distance-l? from the block cannot be conti-
nuously deformed. in ordinary vacuum. Because of this the
isomers under consideration possess exactly conserved
quantum numbers, called topological, which were not present
in the initial Lagrangian. The problem of identifying the
isomers with observable particles is discussed.
775. 'Prasad M.K. and Sommerfield C.M.
vol. 3:5, 1Jo 12, pp.760-762.
Phys.Rev.,1975,
EXACT CLASSICAL SOLUTION FOR THE 'T HOOFT
MONOPOLE AND THE JULIA-ZEE DYON
We present an exact solution to the nonlinear field
equations which describe a classical excitation possessing
magnetic and electric charge. This solution has finite
energy and exhibits explicitly those properties which have
previously been found by numerical analysis.
776. price P.B Shirk E.K Osborne W.Z., Pinsky L.S.
Phys.Rev.Lett.,1975, No 8, pp.487-490.
EVIDENCE FOR DETECTION OF A MOVING MAGNETIC
MONOPOLE
A very heavy partic Ie passed through a balloon-born
stack of Cherenkov film, emulsion, and Lexan shetto. In JJ
Lexan sheets it produced tracks expected of either a nucleus
wi th 125::-Z-::- 137 and (b!f 0.92 or a magnetic monopole
with g=137e. Its track structure in emulsion indicated it
was moving downward wi th 0.5 and it was ei ther
a nucleus with Z 80 or a monopole with g=137e. These
facts strongly favour identification of the particle as a
magnetic monopole of strength g=137e and mass / 200m.
778. Price P.B., Shirk A.K., .Osborne W.Z.,Pinsky L.S.
14-th Intern.Conf. on cosmic-Ray, Munchen,1S75, vol.12,
pp.4033-4040.
EVIDENCE FOR DETECTION OF A MOVING MAGNETIC
MONOPOLE
779. Price P.B. Calif.Univ.,Berkeley (USA), Dept. of Phys.,
NASA-CR-146807,1975.
STATUS OF THE EVIDEnCE FOR A MAGNETIC MONOPOIJE
The experimental evidence supporting the detection of a
moving magnetic monopole, by using a balloon-borne array
of track detectors, was presented. Although the results can-
not be proved to have been produced by a monopole, they do
not seem to have been produced by any nucleus. The very
high,roughly constant ionization rate inferred from track
" etch. rate measurements in a stack of Lexan detectors implied
passage of a minimum-ionizing particle more highly charged
than any known nucleus, yet the Cherenkov film detectors
indicated a velocity less than about 0.68 times the speed
light and the size of the track in the nuclear emulsion
indicated a velocity approximately equal to 0.5 times the
speed of light. At this velocity the ionization rate of "a
electrically charged particle would have changed
dramatically with pathlength unless its mass to churge ratio
780. Recami E. and Mignani R. International center for
Theoretical Physics,
CONNECTION BETWEEN MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND
FASTER-THAN-LIGHT SPEEDS
The mere special relativity does not predict existence
of (subluminal) monopoles, but on the contrary, predicts
existence of Superluminal (tachyon) monopoles, with magnetic
charge about 100 times less than usually assumed. This fact
is quite relevant for the current experiments looking for
magnetic poles.
781. Recami E., Mignani R. Catania Univ.,Instituto di Fisica
Teorica,PP-448,Italy,1975.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND TACHYONS IN SPECIAL
RELATIVITY
The mere special relativity does not explicitly predict
existence of (sub-luminal) monopoles, but on the contrary
explicitly predicts existence of Super-luminal (tachyon)
monopoles, with magnetic charge about 100 times less than
usually assumed. This fact is relevant also at the light
of current experiments looking for magnetic poles.
782. Robinson A.L. SCience,1975, No 4210, p.137.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE RECONSIDERED ANOTHER INTERPRETATION
783. Sawada T. Department of Physics, Tokyo Univ. of Education"
TUETP775-13, Tokyo, Japan,1975.
SEPARATION OF THE STRONG VAN DER WAALS INTERACTION
FROM THE NUCLEAR FORCES
In order to separate the missing spectral functions,
we analyse the partial wave amplttudes of the 1so and J
S1
states of the nucleon-nucleon scattering. In the analysiS
, .'. A f'> '
we use the dispersion relations for ',?('(lJ) exp.[-e-l--]
with d. > 0 and 0 4. <1'/2 instead of thedispel'sion
for the partial wave amplitudes ,4 ().J) , to suppress the
c.
contributions from the spectral functionglP he' (V') on
the left hand cut at large value of -y' .After subtracting
the contributions of the one pion and the two pion
spectral functions which are constructed from the low enereY
1r -lJ and H- 1'r'-"if' phase shift data, and then clirni-
nating the right hand spectra, we obtain the large arising
spectral function gap (V') ,n ,;)'<., 0
The shape of this missing spectral function indicates
the existence at the long range force exerting between the
nucleons which can be interpreted as the strong van der
Waals interaction. The appearance of the strong van der
Waals forcehas been anticipated f'rom the magnetic monopoleE
model of hadrons, where the hadrons are regarded as the
magnetically neutral "atoms". The superstrong Coulomb force
acting among the magnetic monopoles is responcible to the
formation of such bound states.
784. Sawada T. Department of Physics, Tokyo Uni veris.ty o:{
785.
Education, TUETP-75-16, Tokyo, Japan,1975.
ANOMALY OF THE 1/- 7T PHASE SHIFT AND THE
STRONG VAN DER WAALS INTERACTION
It is pointed out that there exist a very long
discrepancy between the P-wave phase shift of the
scattering and the dispersion on theoretic determination,
.
especially in the low energy region at t S < 650 MeV. We
explain why the introduction of the long range force acting
between the two pions is inevitable in order to reconcile
such a discrepancy. Since in the magnetic monopole model
of hadrons the apperance of the universal van der Waals
the interaction has been expected,
we interpret the extra long range interaction as the
. van der Waals potential of the 11 - 7r scattering and
than compare it with the additional long range potential
separate from the N-N scattering.
Schwinger J. Phys.Rev.,1975, vol.D12,p)105.
MAGNETIC CHARGE AND THE CHARGE QUANTIZATION
CONDITION

Description of Schwinger charge quantization.
.' !
786. schwinger J. vol.188, pp.1300-1301.
PSI PARTICLES AND DYONS
A hypothetical magnetic model of matter provides
a natural setting for the newly discovered psi particles.
This supplements a phenomenological description of such
particles that had appeared prior to their experimental
recognition.
787. Schwinger J. In,! GAUGE THEORIES AND MODERN FIELD
THEORY. Proceed. of a Conr. held at Northeastern Uni v. ,
-Boston,1975, pp.337-367.
MAGNETIC CHARGE
788. - Senjanovic P.I. Ph.D., New York Uni'". ,:-T. Y. (USA),
1975, University Microfilms , Order No 75-25,209.
PATH INTEGRAL FORf,IDLATION OF FIELD THEORIES
WITH SECOND-CLASS CONSTRAINTS
Faddeev's Hamiltonian path integral method for Singular
Lagrangians is generalized to the case when second-class
constraints appear in the theory. The general formalisr.1 is
then applied to a variety of problems: quantization of the
first-order field theories, quantization of the massive
Yang-Mills field theory, light-cone quantization of the
self-interacting scalar field theory and quantization of a
local field theory of magnetic monopoles
. -,
789. sokolov V.V. Preprint Inst. of Nuclear Physics,
IYaF-75-88, Novosibirsk, 1975.
THE THEORY OF MAGNETIC POLE AND THE DIRAC-
SCHWINGER QUANTIZATION CONDITION WITHOUT
STRING
The motion of nonrelativistic system of a point-like
charge and monopole is considered. Lagrange and canonicul
formalism free from difficulties of the usual Dirac theory
with s string is established without un fntroduction of n
potential simgular along a string. 111 particular, from the
. -
from the very beginning the theory is invariant under
rotations.
Quantization of the equations of motion was carried
out by standard methods. The Dirac condi tion e ~ i ~ i l = 'l'LVl
( V't -integer) is obtained as a consequence of' the
quantization of the systems angular momentum projection
on symmetry axis.
790. Strazhev V.I. and Tomil'chik L.M. Vestsi Akad. Haul\:
Belorussk.SSR, sere fiz.-mat., 1975, No 2, pp.51-58.
POSSIBILITY OF THEORY OF MAGNETIC CHARGE WITHOUT
CHARGE QUANTIZATION CONDITIONS
(In Russian)
Critical role of the charge-quantization (43k)
condition in gauge-invariant electrodynamics with two
types of sources is analyzed. It is shown that the scheme
not accounting the 43k lacks as experimental, as theore-
tical bases.
791. Strazhev V.I.
pp.11J-123.
Inst. J. Theor. Phys. ,1975, Yol. 13, ?Jo 2,
GALILEAN 10NARIANCE AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
The Galilean and "dual" invariant electrodynamics
with magnetic charges is formulated. The definition of
the main feature of relativistic electromagnetism is given.
Consideration of different aspects of Galilean electromag-
-netism with magnetic charges is presented. It is showl) in
parti'cular that the conclusion of Bacry & Kubar-Andre (1 '.::73)
that the existence of the magnetic monopole is incompatible
with Galilean invariance in general appears to be incorrect.
792. Strazhev V.I., Tomil'chik L.M. MAGNETIC CHARGE
ELECTRODYNAMICS , "Nauka i Tekhnika", Minsk, 1975.
1 "".', , ;;"'t"
ELECTRODYNAMICS WITH MAGNETIC CHARGE
793. Strazhev V. I. Inst. of Physics AN BSSR ,Minsk, 1 '975.,
Preprint
ON INNER SYMMETRIES OF MASSLESS PARTICLE THEORY
An inner symmetry of a field theory with massless
particles is studied. It is shown that this theory possess-
es an inner symmetry group U(i) U(t) '. Dual conver- '
sion of the electric field and conversion of the
neutrino field corresponds to the reduced representation
of the group U(i) .An operation of the comb-lned pari ty
corresponds to the element second order cyclic group
o I
Reformulation of the r"\l\u..S theorem is given basing on
the developed approach. statistical properties of the
compound photon in neutron theory of light are uncompitable
with the symmetry of the neutrino and electromag-
netic fields. Within the framework of the group consideration
determination of operations of dual and charge conjugation
of electric and magnetic fields and charges are suggested.
Dually-symmetrical quantum theory of dually-charged particles
is built on the basis of Mandelstamm fprmulation of electro-
dynamics.
794. Strazhev V.I. Institute of Physics Acad.Sci.Belorussk.
SSR, IF-No-92, Minsk, Russian).
SYMMETRIES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTIONS
AND DYONIUM MODEL OF HADRONS
The new approach to the problem of magnetic monopole
is given. It is. based on the consideration of the dual
symmetry of the quantum electrodynamics from the group theore-
tical point of view. The hypothesis about the existence in
nature of magnetic monopole follows from the requirement of
the invariance of electromagnetic 'interactions under discrete
operation of dual conjugation. The following results of the
approach can be noted: in case the second quantum of elect-
ric charge exists its value must be obligatory smaller than
the value of the charge of electron; a particle which bears
fractional electric charge must also bear a magnetic
the possibility of theoretical description and the existence
of a magnetic monopole depends on possibility of the,exis-
tence in nature of the Higgs particles.
It is shown that the dyonium model of hadrons naturally
comes out from the developed approach. It is remarkable that
self-consistency of the approach demands the confinement
of dyons.
The discussion of the Larmor symmetrical generaliza-
tion of the quantum electrodynamics is given. It is shown,
that as in the case of dual symmetrical formulation, the
restriction on the possible value of the second quantum
of electric charge can be given.
795. Strazhev V.I. Izv. Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR, sere fiz.-
mat., 1975, No 6, pp.110-112.
ON DISCRETE SYMMETRIES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC
INTERACTIONS
A new approach to the problem of a monopole based
on the analysis of electromagnetic interaction discrete
symmetries with dual-symmetrical formulation is suggested.
Form this approach it follows in particular that the valUE
of the second quantum of electric charge should be necesse
rily less than that of an electron. It is also shown that
the existence of the magnetic monopole suggests the exis-
tence of Higgs particles.
796. Swank J.H., Swank L.J., Dereli T.
vol. D12, No 4, pp. 1096-1102.
FERMIONS IN YANG-MILLS POTENTIALS
Phys. Rev.,1975,
It is shown that the magnetic monopole of 't Hooft
and an isospinor fermion do not have any bound states.
Further, the dyon of Julia and Zee,considered as a fixed
field configuration, does not bind an isospinor fermion.
An example is given of an infinite-energy solution of the
pure Yang-Mills theory which when taken as a potential in a
wave equation will confine the wave function.
797. Swank J.H., Swank L.J., Dereli T. Yale University
Pre print , 1975.
FERMIONS IN YANG-MILLS POTENTIALS
798. Swank J.H., Swank L.J., Dereli T.
vol.D11,No 12, pp.3541-3544.
Phys.Rev. ,1975,
FERMIONS IN YANG-MILLS ELECTRIC AND
MAGNETIC POLE POTENTIALS
Solutions are given for the Dirac equation with a
Yang-Mills magnetic monopole potential and with
Yang-Mills electric and magnetic pole potentials.
799. Tamm I.E. A collection of scientific works, Izd-vo
NAUKA, Moscow, 1975, vol.1, pp.186-195.
THE GENERALIZED SPHERICAL HARMONICS AND
THE WAVE FUNCTIONS OF AN ELECTRON IN A
FIELD OF A MAGNETIC POLE (In Russian)
In connection with recently obtained by Diracowave-
equation for the electron in a field of an isolated magnetic
pole the properties of generalized spherical harmonics are
investigated which are defined by eq.(3). In the particular
case m=3, they transfer into ordinary spherical harmonics.
1. Physi cal formulati on of a problem. 2. Proper values
and the form of generalized spherical harmonics (GSR).
3.Different representations of GSH. q4.Singularities.
5.GSH are the variants with an accuracy to
a general phase. 6. Normalization. 7. Electron proper
functions.
gives physical formulation of the problem which
led to the appearance of this article. The rest of the
work is dedicated to purely mathematical problems.
800. Tarasenkov V.I.,Tomiltchik L.M. Vestsi Akad.JJauk Bel.SSR
I
Ser. fiz.-mat.,1975, No 6, pp.106-109.
ON DIFFERENTIAL TECHNIQUES WITH POTENTIALS
IN A MAGNETIC CHARGE THEORY
Within the frame-work of generalized harmonics theory
. '.
formalism a technique is developed for differentiating the
potentials containing the singularity line. It is 8hown,that
the eonfecuitive taking into account of singular contribu-
ti'ons aliminates the known difficulty with breaking the
Jacobi uniformity for the kinetical momenta of charged
particles.
801. THE SCEPTICS HIT OUT AT MONOPOLE CLAIM.
1975, vol.67, No 967, p.6J1.
New Scientis t,
802. Tevikian R.V. Nucl.Phys.,1975, vol. B9J, No 1,pp.74-84.
DYNAMICAL MODEL OF SPIN-1 AND SPIN-O PARTICLES
Equations are proposed that completely describe
$ :0,1/2,1 particles, i.e. specify 2s+2 liminating states
in the E - c;:<> limit. A set of states closed wi th respect
to the E limiting procedure is considered, whence
follows the necessity for the introduction of a -state
corresponding to one-dimensional unitarity representation
of the Lor.entz group. It is shown further, that a cosmolo-
gical term proportional to the square of the A -state
strength should be introduced in gravitation theory.On the
basis of the Lorentz group, a table of fundamental interac-
tion is proposed and a dual transformation for the interac-
ting system is introduced. Appendices deal with a genra-
lization of the formalism and a new method
for the introduction of interactions.
803. Tipler F.J.
452.'
Nuovo Cimento, 1975, vol.28B, No 2, pp.446-
DIRECT ACTION ELECTRODYNAMICS AND MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
It is shown that direct-action electrodynamics cannot
be generalized to include magnetic monopoles. consequently,
experimental searches for magnetic monopoles constitute a
test of the theory.
804. Tompkins D.R.,Jr, and Rodney P.F.
vol. D12, No 9, pp.2610-2616.
Phys.Rev. ,1915,
ORION-ARM MAGNETIC MOnOPOLES AND GATvIMA RAYS
It is shovm that galactic-disk monopoles could yield
air-showers which are stochastically aligned with the local
Orion-arm magnetic field and which are above the energies
of aligned galaritic heavy nuclei. In the absence
of a cosmic-ray anisotropy this method sets limits on the
flux of galactic monopoles and on their production cross

section limits based on the cosmic-ray anisotropy at 10 eV
are presented. The possibility of a stochastic alignment of
inverse Compton photons from monopoles and 2.7 OK -black-
body photons is considered. The resulting monopole-flux
limits, based on the same data as those calculated by OsbornE
differ significantly from Osborne's limits where mechanism
of spiral-arm alignment and galactic containment are ignored.
805. Trinkala M.J. AlbanY-State University of Dissertation,
University Microfilms Order No 15-25,1915,786.
MONOPOLES GRAVITY: A SYtmffiTRY APPROACH
-Electromagnetism vnth monopoles combined with gravity.
Some comments on possible applications to elementary particle
models.
806. Tyupkin YU.S., Fateev V.A. and Schwartz Zh. Eksp. i Teor
Fiz., Pis Red.,1975, vol.21, No 1, pp.91-9J.
EXISTENCE OF HEAVY PARTICLES IN GAUGE
FIELD THEORIES
Conditions of heavy particle existence in
theories with a G-one-bound random compact group is formu-
lated in the paper. A case of oktet representation of the
group SU(J) is studied in detail.
-!. -
807. Tyupkin yu.S., Fateev V.A., Schwarz A.B. -JETP Lett.,
1975, vol. 21, p.42.
EXISTENCE OF HEAVY PARTICLES IN GAUGE FIELD
. THEORIES
808.
809.
810.
811.
812.
Venkatavaradan v.s. PhYf?news,1975, vol. 6,p.164.
CONTINUING THE MONOPOLE STORY
venturi G.
pp.233-236.
Nuovo Cimento Lett.,1975, vol.14, No 7,
MONOPOLES IN A NON-ABELIAN GAUGE FIELD THEORY
Shows that introduction of "magnetic" monopoles in
non-Abelian case can proceed in same manner as Abelian
case.
venturi G.
pp.257-260.
Nuovo Cimento Lett.,1975,vol.12, No 8,
PROTOTYPE NON-ABELIAN GAUGE FIELD THEORY.
MONOPOLES A1TD STRINGS
Examines the effect of the introduction of two magnetic
charge of opposite sign in a prototype non-Abelian gauge
field theory.
venturi G.
104.
Nuovo Cimento,1975, vol. 26A, No 2, pp.97-
STRINGS AND FIELDS
A system consisting of a scalar field localized on a
string is examined. We suggest how such a system could arise
.
-and exhibit the equations of motion and boundary conditions
obtained on string co-ordinates and field as inde-
pendent dynamical variables.In the case of a static solution
for the field we show that the classical system can give
rise to a linearly rising trajectory with a physical (neGa-
tive) intercept.
venturi G. University of Bologna preprint,1975.
MONOPOLES AND THE HIGGS MODEL
813. Wilson L. W.
pp.1126-1128.
Phys.Rev.Lett.,1975, vol. 35, No 17,
KINEMATIC CONSTRAINTS ON THE PRODUCTION
OF MAGNE'llIC MONOPOLES
A lower limit for lab energy of a magnetic monopole
produced from a stationary target is derived and used to
study i"mplications of the data of price et al
814. Winterberg F. Nuovo Cimento Lett.,1975, vol. 13,
815.
No 18, pp.697-703.
QUARKS, MAGI3TIC MONOPOLES, AIID NEGATI VE MASS
Using Parker's result suggests monopoles have
negative mass. Goes on to discuss possibilities of idea.
Predictions
,
Monopoles have negative mass. Magnetic quarks set
free in strong magnetic fields.
Winterberg F.
pp.43-47.
Atomkernenergie,1975, vol.26, No 1,
QUARKS POSSIBLY ARE NEGATIVE MASS MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
Non-linear effects require magnetic monopoles to ha'/e
negative masse_We therefore propose the hypothesis that
quarks are magnetic monopoles of negative mass. The positive
mass of hadrons is explained as a result of the positive
binding energy from the interaction of magnetic mass q u r k s ~
The production of free quarks would be accomplished by the
delivery of a very large amount of energy in excess of the
hadronic rest mass energy.Consistently with the smallness
of the CP violation the interaction is assumed to be a
Heisenberg-type magnetic charge echange force. The negative
mass hypothesis may explain the difficulty to produced free
quarks. Free quarks could be produced in very strong magne-
tic fields of the order 10
17
Gauss which may occur in the
. ,
forms of short wave x-ray laser beams and in the gravitatio-
nal collaps of massive astrollomical object.!3, explaining the
816.
817.
large eqergy output believed to be associated with quasers.
By doping solid material with negative mass quarks
one could obtain superstrong materials and macroscopic bo-
dies approaching arbitrarily close a state of zero rest
mass. The most profound consequence of such a state of mat-
ter would be in the attainability of relativistic 'lelocities
for macroscopic bodies.
Wu T. T. and Yang C. U.
pp.)845-)857.
Phys.Rev., 1975, vol. D12, No 12,
CONCEPT OF NON-INTEGRABLE PHASE FACTORS
AND GLOBAL FORMULATION OF GAUGE FIELDS
Through an examination of the Bohm-Aharonov experiment
an intrinsic and complete description of electromagnetism
in a space-time region is formulated in terms of nonintegra-
ble phase factor. This concept, in its global varifications,
is studied through an examination of Dirac's magnetic mono-
pole field. Generalizations to non-Abelian groups are
carried out, and result in identification with the mathema-
tical concept of connections on principle fiber bounds.
Yang C. U. Proceedings of the Sixth Hawaii Topical
Conference in Particle Physics, Dobson et al., Ed., Hawaii
1975, p. 487.
GAUGE FIELDS
-Review of Wu-Yang developmeIlt of non-qunatized guage
fields including developments on magnetic monopoles.
-. '
818. Yueh W.R. Phys.Rev.,1975,vol.D12, No 10,pp.)221-)224.
COMMENTS ON VACUillvi POLARIZATIONS OF MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
we calculate the electric vacuum polarizations induced
by the action of a static monopole charge and find out that
there is no induced vacuum currents at all to all orders of
the external field and to all orders of the radiative correc-
tions.we also argue that the superstrong Coulomb-type poten-
tial ocreens itself into a short-range one 80 that there is
no magnetic charge renormalization.
819.
. 820.
821.
822.
1976
Acharya R. and Nigam B.P.
vol.17, No 10, pp.J51-J5J.
Nuovo Cimento Lett.,1976,
, \
POINCARE IINARIANCE OF ClffiRGE-MONOPOLE COMPOSITES
AND PARITY VIOLATION
In reviewing angular momentum suggestions find
care invariance violated unless parity violation introduced.
Adams P.J.,Canuto V. and Chiu H.Y.
vol.61B, pp.J97-J99.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND COSMOLOGY
Phys.Lett.,1976,
The product of the mass m and annihilation for
magnetic monopoles is obtained through a naive calculation
and is shown to be greater than about 10
20
(normalized to
the proton). One concludes that either monopoles have
remarkably large masses and I or 6"l./s or that the calcula-
tion is invalid. Possible explanations of this results are
discussed.
Adawi I. AIDer. J. Phys. ,1976, vol. 44, No 8 t pp.762-765.
THOAffiON'S MONOPOLES
The angular momentum L of the electromagnetic field
due to an electric point charge e , and a magnetic point
'charge(pole) 9 ,is calculated by several methods to
obtain J. J. Thomson's result that L = Ie and L is
'directed along the line joining the electric monopole to
the magnetic monopole. The relation to Dirac's monopoles
is discussed, and particle size is considered.
Adler R. J. Phys.Rev.,1976, vol. D14, No 2, pp.J92-J94.
MAGNETIC CHARGE IN GElillRAL RELATIVITY
We consider a dual-charged test particles with electric
charge e;) and magnetic charge go moving in the field of
a dual-charged massive cental body with charges e and g
A simple method used by Schwinger to study charge quantiza-
tion in that space can be generalized to this situation
823.
824.
to show that lJ"e is an integer multiple of
It is remarkable that the curvature of the space plays no
role and that this is the same result that is obtained for
space. We then show that the test particle can remain
at rest in the field only if ee .. -.,.. 11),,- and
where 1- is the gravi tational and til and tv\-
are the mass of the central and test body, respectively.
Agarwal G. S.)
pp.349-362.
Pramamna (India),1976, vol.6, No 6,
TRAPPING ENERGY OF A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE IN
MAGNETIC lilATERIALS
v
Analytical methods to investigate the interaction of
magnetic monopoles with known magnetic media have been
developed. Trapping energies of monopoles inside ferro-
magnetic or superconducting materials of size greater then
6 -
about 10- cm are found to be of the order of several kilo-
electron volts. These are two to three orders of magnitude
higher than in paramagnetic materials. Thus if stable mag-
netic monopoles exist at all in the universe, they are
perhaps trapped in these magnetic materials. The effect of
the finite size of the magnetic bodies is taken into account
explicitly in calculations of the trapping energy.
Ahlen S. P.
2940.
___ Phys.Rev.,1976, vol. D14, No 11, pp.2935-
MONOPOLE-TRACK CHARACTERISTICS IN PLASTIC
DETECTORS
--'Total and restricted energy loss rates are calculated
for magnetic monopole of charge g=137e in lexan polycarbona-
tee Range-energy curves are also presented. The restricted
energy loss model is used to estimate the apperance of a
monopole track in plastic The reoults are applied
to the event observed by Price et ale and identified by
them as a monopole. It is found that the oboerved etch rute
is consistent with what one would expect for a slow maGne-
tic monopole (f.>.-vO.5c ,g=131e). These results should 0100
be of use to other investigators for both the design and
analysis of monopole experiments.
825. Anderson P.W. Proceedinga of a Conference on Gauge
826.
Theories and Modern Field Theory, held sept. at
MIT--Cambridge. MIT
USES OF SOLID STATE ANALOGIES IN ELEMENTARY
PARTICLE THEORY IN GAUGE THEORY AND MODERN
FIELD THE OR Y
Not a monopole paper. Review of solid state theory analoGY
to monopole gauge theory.
Ansorian M.M. Phys.Rev.,1976, vol. D14, No 10,
pp.2732-2738.
ROTATIONAL COVARIANCE AND THE YANG-MILLS MONOPOLE
Rotational covariance in the monopole vector of the
SU(2) Yang-Mills model with a triplet of Higgs scalars and
the possible addition of fermions is examined. Ansatz about
the bOding-order behaviour of monopole-monopole matrix
are shovm to be consistent vrith rotational symcetry
spin identification of monopole states is done for all cases.
827. Artru X. European organization for Nuclear Research,
CERN-TH-2221, Geneva, 1976.
MOnOPOLES, DUALITY, TRIALITY
The existence of magnetic monopoles could provide an
explanation not only of the quantization of electric charge,
but also of the zero trielity and of the string model with
. Y chaped baryons. First we review the classical magnetic
monopole theory with strings and the Dirac least action
principle. Two possible interaction terms, the standart one
i
A
and a . path dependent interaction a' la Mandelstam
give the same classical equation of motion and the strings
are not observable. At the quantum level, this is not true
any more. Assuming a linear combination of the two interac '-
tion, terms, we determine the conditions under which a
string attached to the dyon ( e
1
) CJ1 .) is not observable
by a dyon ( e;!, ) using a "sum over histories" approQch.
We get (1- x) - x = Q 1rx. integer. The
Dirac and Schwinger-Zwanziger quantization rules are
oases, with x-=.O and 4/2. ,reapectively. Then,assuming
the existence of magnetic charges, we look for all possible
:nodels where: 1) the string attached to an electron is not
observable,2) the string attached to a quark is
3) the electric charge has to be quantized in with e/3
We find a denumerable set of models where the magnetic
charges may also be connected with physical strings
. '
828. Badhwar G.D., Golden R.L., Lacy J.L., Stephens S.A.,
829.
and Cleghorn T. Phys.Rev.Lett.,1976, vol.36, No 3,
pp.120-12).
KINEMATICAL CONSTRAINTS ON THE OBSERVATION
OF SLOW MONOPOLES AT THE TOP OF THE ATMOSPHERE
Relativistic kinematics of monopole production and
propagation in Earth's atmosphere and magnetic field have
been examined in the light of the observation of a magne-
tic monopole by Price et ale It has been shown that the
observed monopole cannot result from nuclear interactions
in the atmosphere and that the extraterrestrial origin of
this monopole is very unlikely.
Bais F.A. and Primack J.R. Phys. Rev. ,1976, vol. D13.,
"
No 4, pp.819-829.
INTEGRAL EQUATIONS FOR EXTEIWED SOLUTIONS IN
FIELD THEORY: MONOPOLES AND DYONS
In this paper we give a simple method to obtain exten-
ded solutions of unlinear classical field theories. The
technique applies to problems where the boundary values of
either and of the domain are specified, and consists of
converting the set of field equations to a system of coupled
nonlinear integral equations that can be solved numerical-
ly by simple interaction. As an illustration, the 't Hooft
monopole and the Julia-Zee dually charged monopole system
are studied in detail. The principle structure of these
extended solutions and the possible effects of quantum
fluctuations are briefly discussed.
'.
'.
830. Bais F.A. Phys. Lett. , - 1916, vol. 64B, No 4, pp. 465-468.
CONFIGURATIONS OF SO(3) MONOPOLES WITH
MULTIPLE MAGNETIC CHARGE
. \
In this paper we consider configurations of monopolel
with multiple magnetic charge in nonabelian gauge theory.
Explicit gauge transformations are constructed which elimi-
nate the string singularities for single monopoles of mul-
tiple magnetic charge, and for an arbitrary number of mono-
poles lying along a line. The question of finding nonsingu-
lar solutions is discussed.
_ 831. Bais F.A. Physics Department- University of California,
UCSC 76/106, Santa Cruz, California,1916.
CONFIGURATION OF SO(3) MONOPOLES WITH MULTIPLE
MAGNETIC CHARGE
In this paper we consider configurations of monopoles with
multiple magnetic charge in nonabelian gauge theory.Expli-
cit gauge transformations are constructed which eliminate
the string singularities for single monopoles of multiple
magnetic charge, and for an arbitrary number of monopoles
lying along a line. The question of finding nonsingular
solutions is discussed.
832. Badhwar G.D., Golden R.L., Lacy J.L., Stephens I.A.,
Proceedings-of 14-th International Conf., Miscellany,1915,
vol.12, pp.4068-4071 .
. ENERGETICS OF MONOPOLE PRODUCTION
-. -
833. Balachandran A.P., Ramachandran R., Schechter J.,Wali K.C.,
and Rupertsberger H. Phys.Rev.,1976, vol. D1), No 2,
pp.354-360.
HAMILTONIAN FORMULATION OF MONOPOLE THEORIES
WITH STRINGS
We consider the Hamiltonian formulation of the theory
resu,lting from Dirac's monopole actiO!l supplement by a mass
term for the gauge field. The original:(zero-,mass gauge
field) theory is also discussed and its Hamiltonian is show
~ be essentially the same as that of the two-potential
, f
formalism. In this case the coordinates of the string are
absorbed into what turn out to be the physically meaning
ful variables for the particles and the field. In the
\
case, the string does playa significant role and gives rise
to a static linear potential and a Yukawa potential between
the monopoles. Such a potential has also been found by
Nambu and others and may lead to an acceptable model for
interactions of quarks.
834. Balachandran A.P., Ramachandran R., Schechter J., Wali K.C.,
835.
Rupertsberger H. In: GROUP THEORETICAL METHODS IN
PHYSICS. Fourth International Colloquim, lJijmegen,1975.
Lecture Notes in Physics, 1976, vol. 50, pp.24-28.
MONOPOLE THEORIES WITH STRINGS AND THEm
APPLICATIONS TO MESON STATES
Short communication only .
Balachandran A.P.,
Rupertsberger H.
368.
Ramachandran R., Schechter J., Wali K.C.,
Phys.Rev.,1976, vol. D13, No 2, pp.361-
STRINGS, MONOPOLES AND MESOn STATES
Dirac's formulation of the monopole theory modified
by an additional mass term for the gauge field has been
considered a possible simplified model for quark bindings.
We discuss methods for the consistent regularization of
the infinites present in the resulting action and equations
of In this way we are led to an action which is
the sameas that suggested by previous authors. We show
that the expression for the energy of the modified action
still has infinites unless the mass of the gauge field
is infinite. Thus the regularization procedure is incomplete
when the gauge field has finite mass. Applications of the
regularized model to charmonium and other meson states are
discussed.
836. Balachandran A.P., Borchardt S., Cahalan R., Chang S.S.,
Ramachandran R., Rupertsberger H. and stern A.
Institute of Theoretical Physics,ITP-76-15, Goteborg,1976,
Phy s. Rev. , 1 01 7 , 1 336 , 1 978.
ROTATIONALLY INVARIANT APPROXn.1ATION TO CHARGE-
MONOPOLE SCATTERING
837. Bartlett D.F. Progress Report, May 1975- April
COO-2114-22,1976.
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND HIGH KNERGY PHENOMEnA
The rapid-cycling, bubble chamber was measured
for the study of KO(sub L)p yields KO(sub S)p and related
reactions at SLAC. The presence of neutrons in the beam
permits one to study several interactions. The analysis
programs were written and checked, and one is now processing
the data tapes. The data-taking phase for a tachyon monopole
search at Fermilab was completed. A limit was found on the
flux of such monopoles in cosmic rays that is approximately
300 times lower than the previous limit. In a simple bench-
top experiment, one has shown that the charge of an eleccron
is independent of its veloci ty dmVl1 to a le"fel of 10-
5
,[2 /c
2

One found that natural gas rather than more exotic mixtures
is the best hydrocarbon to use in drift chambers.Theoreti-
cal efforts were devoted to continuing the study of dynamics
. symmetry breaking, to detrmining the effect of neutral cur-
rents on solar neutrinos, and to supprotipg the kaon experi-
, .
- ments. A list of publications is included.
838. Barut A.O. Dept. of Phys., Univ. of Colorado, Boundler,
Colorado, 1976. 76-1019 .
DE RHAM CURRENTS, EXTENDED SINGULARITIES OF
FIELDS AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
'.
839. Barut A.O. Symposium on Methodo of Differential Geometr:y
in Physics and Mechanics, warsaw, rbland,-June
DE RHAM CmlRENTS, EXTENDED SINGULARITIES OF FIELDS
AND lv1AGNETIC
840. Barut A.O. 76-0749,1976.
CHARGE QUANTIZATION CONDITIOn WITH N STRIlTGS-
A NEW INTERHAL QUANTUM nUMBER OF CHAHGE-MOnOPOLE
SYSTEI.1S
841. Barut A.O., Schechter H.,
No 7, pp.1115-1117.
J. Math. Phyu, 1 voL. 17 ,
ANGULAR MOr.TENTUM OF SYSTEMS OF ELECTRIC AND
MAGNETIC CHARGES AND OF SINGULAR FLUX SURFACES
The angular momentum of a system consisting of an
electric charge e and a magnetic charge g is as well
known, (e g). We drive general formulas for systems
consisting of arbitrary electric and magnetic charges dyons
and of singular magnetic flux lines or surfaces of arbitrary
integrable topological shapes. The total angular momentum
is then quantized related to the quantized flux.
842. Barut A. o. 76-0750, Munich, 1976.I.iax-Planck-Insti tute
fur Physik und Astrophysik, Munchen,1976.
COVARIANT FIELD THEORY OF THE MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
843. Barut A.O. 76-0274, Dept. of Phys., Univ. of Colorado,
Boulder, Colorado,1976.
COVARIANCE OF THE FIELD THEORY OF TIill MAGNETIC
MONOPOLE
844. Barut A. o. Phys.Lett.,1976, vol. 6JB, No 1, pp.7J-74.
MAGNETIC CHARGE AND HYPERFINE SPLITTING IN
HYDROGEN
The large spatial size of magnetic charges(or dyons)
and parity considerations are used to show that in models
. of the proton mBsed on dyons the hyperfine splittinG must
be due to the magnetic moment produced by the
The contributions of the magnetiC monopoles conceal,othcrwiuc,
the proton could have a large electric dipole moment.
845. Blaha S. Syracuse University, SU-420B-69, COO-3533-69,
Syracuse, New York,1976.
AN EXPERI1illNTALLY ACCESSIBLE ANALOG OF Trill
MAGNETIC MOiTOPOLE IN He-A
We show that pointed singularities, vortices, in the A
phase of superfluid 3He exhibit a close analog to magnetic
monopoles. Just as 'lortices in 4He are analogs to strings
in Abelian-Higgs Dodels, we find vortons in 3He- A to be
analogous to magnetic monopoles in the non-Abelian Higgs
model of 't Hooft.
846. Blaha S.
~
,Phys.Re7.,1976, vol. 3'6, No 15, pp.874-876
QUAlTTIZATION RULES FOR J;OINT SIITGULARITIES
IN SUPERFLUID 3He AnD LIQUID CRYSTALS
I shaw that pointlike singularities can exist in super-
fluid 3He Integer qunatum numbers are associated with these
singularities. The qunatization rules follow froD the single
valuedness of the order parameter and quanti ties derived _'rom
l t.' The result's are also easily extended to the quantization
of point. singularities in nematic liquid crystals. The point-
like singularities in 3He-
A
are experimentally accessible
analogs of the magnetic monopole.
847. Bludman S.A.
p.61.
Bull. AlDer. Phys. Sci., 1976, vol. 21, No 1,
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES: CAN THEY BE SEEN?
848. Bludman S.A. and Ruderman M.A.
vol. 36, No 15, pp.840-843.
Phys.Rev.Lett.,1976,
THEORETICAL LIMITS ON INTERSTELLAR MAGNETIC
POLES SET BY NEARBY MAGNETIC FIELPS
The interstellar magnetic field limits the monopole
flux to .t( 10""16
pole
cm;-2
sec
-3 and gives the average
monopole energy 10
21
GeV. They can be d e t e c ~ ~ d nonrelativis-
tically only if their mass is ~ 1011aev/c
2
and, being
produced at E > 10
22
GeV, require 1021g cm-
2
matter for
ionization loss to make them nonrelativistic. I/Iansive mono-
poles can only by primordial of cosmological produccd.Low-
mass monopoles trapped in dual grai sand relcaDed in the
atmosphere are possible.
849. BOGomolny E.B., Marinov M.S.
p.676.
Yadern.Fiz. vol.23,
CALCULATIONS OF THE MONOPOLE MASS IN GAUGE
THEORY
In gauge field theory with spontaneously broken 0(3)
symmetry the mass is calculated of monopole with unite
magnetic charge. The calculations are fulfilled by means
of numerical solving of a set of nonlinear equ
tions.
850. Bogomolny E.B. Sov.J.Nucl.Phys. ,1976, vol.24, p.445i.
851. Bogomolny E.B., Vainstein A.I.,
No 5, pp. 1111-1117
Yadern.Fiz. ,1S76,vol.2:
. STABILITY OF A STRING IN GAUGE ABELIAN' THEORY
The mass_ of strings with different circulation is
calculated in the Abelian gauge theory. The calculations arE
made by numerical solution of the system of nonlinear diffe-
rential equations. By choosing a trial function it is sho\Vn
that the strings with a large circulation are classically
unstable at high coupling constants.
852. Bogomolny E.B.
870.
Yadern.Fiz.,1976, vol.24, No 4, pp.861-
STABILITY OF CLASSICAL SOLUTIONS .:
The masses of classical string-like solutions are
obtairred analytically for monopole of at =1 and for dyon
<?{' a.J ( The F equals' the< ratio of the
squares of masses of scalar and vector fields). By an appro!
riate choice of the trial function it is shown that for (>:>
"
<'
the string with the vector field circulation /V1/ 2-
are not classically stable.
853. Bogomolny E.B.
1976.
L.D.Landau Institute for Theor.Phys.,
STABILITY OF CLASSICAL SOLUTIONS
Obtains an analytic value for the mass of a monopole
based on a stabili ty cri terion. Sirdlar in character to
Prasad-Sommerfield.
854. Bollini C.G. and Giambiagi J.J. Pontificia Uniwersiadac
do Rio de Janeiro, PUC-16-76, Rio De Janeiro,1576.
ON THE GAUGE FIELD OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
A formulation of electromagnetism with magnetic charges
is given by means of a (non uniforrr:) a 'ector defined in the
whole space, whose divergence gives the magnetic Charge.
855. Boulware D.G., Brown L.S., Cahn R.N., Ellis S.D. and Lee S.
?hys.Rev.,1976, vol. D14, No 10, pp.2708-2727.
SCATTERING on MAGNETIC CHARGE
The nature of magnetic monopole in an SU(3) gauge
theory is explored by examining how they scatter charged
particles. Peripheral scattering where the momentum trasfer
is much' less the mass of the charged -,ector bosons is just
as it is in the earlier theory of Dirac. The scattering
"
function is discussed with some vigor since -its behaviour is
not uniform in the forward direction. The correspondence bet
ween the classical and quantum-mechanical scattering is dis-
played explicitly by relating scattering by the noncentral
monopole force to the central force scattering by an attrac-
tive 1/2 potential for both the and clas-
sical systems. For deep scattering, non-Abelian monopole
exh:i.bits features absent in exchange processes occur,excitir:
the monopole into an electrically charged state. This
which corresponds to the weak interacti:on of unj.fied SO(3)
:!.:.J () -
theory, is calculated in the distorted-ware Born approxtmati
The relation between the monopole in the non-Abelian Gaur;e
theory and that in Dirac's theory is investigated by
fully regulating the gauge transformation which connects thel
This resolves some seeming paradoxes in the connectiol':
between two theories.
856. Brout R., Englert F. and Fischler w.
1976, vol.36, No 12,
Phys.Re'f.Lett. ,
MAGNETIC CONFIIiJEMENT IN NON-ABELADJ-GAUGE
FIELD THEORY
A confined magnetic flux solution of finite length and
finite energy, arising from non-Abelian-gauge theory, is
presented.
857. Brout R. 76-0913, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelle
Belgium, 1976.
FLUX LINE AND MONOPOLE IvIECHAIJISM OF CONFINETvIENT
858. Campbell W.B. 76-0354, Nebraska,1976.
CHARGE-MONOPOLE SCATTERING; A COVARIANT
:PERTURBATION THEORY
859. Carmeli M. and Raye M Ben Gurion
.
GAUGE FIELD MODEL OF COMBINED GRAVITATIONAL,
ELECTROMAGNETIC AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLE FIELDS
860. Carrigan R.A.,Jr., Nezrick F.A., and Strauss B.P.
Phys.Rey.,1976, vol.D13,No 7, pp.1823-1825.
The quoted flux in a recent report of a detected magnetic
monopole is inconsistent by factors on the order of 500 600
wi th ocean-bottom searches. One resolution of this inconr;l'ui t;
io that monopoles are trapped somewhere be tween the top
the atmosphere and the ocean bottom. We have searchcd for
monopoles in the atmosphere and ocean water and have found
none at le'vele substantially below the numbers expec Led if
the monopoles were trapped.
861. Cerlfero J. Harvard University, HUTP-76/A175, Cambridge,

NO MONOPOLES IN WEINBERG-SALAM THEORY
In contrast with a recent work where static free-singula-
rity solutions of the Weinberg-Salam classical field theory
are presented, we suggest that such solutions are only a
particular case of the instanton problem in Eucledian space.
"862. Chakraborty T. Sci.Rep.,1976, vol. 13,p.72.
THE ELUS lVE MONOPOLE
General review of magnetic monopole including PSOP e;ent.
863. Chiang C.C.
80.
Nuovo Cimento,1976, vol. 33A, no 1, pp.73-
COVARIANT PROELEr/I OF THE I\IAG11ETIC MONOPOLE THEORY
In the. local quantum field theory of magnetic monopoles
proposed by Hagen, not all of the equations of motion are
covariant under the Lorentz transformation. In this note we

show that with the introduction of a shadow electromagnetic
field quantized with a "wrong signn, the locality in the
sence local commutation relations and local equations of
motion is still retained, while the equations of motion become
. covariant under the Lorentz transformation for physical fields
864. Christ N.H., Guth A.H., WCinberg E.J.
vol. B114, No 1, pp.61-99.
Nucl.Phys.,1976,
CANONICAL FORIVIALISM FOR GAUGE THEORIES WITH
APPLICATION TO MONOPOLE SOLUTIONS
We develob a canonical formalism, using the method of
Dirac brackets, which may be applied to classical Yang-Mills
theori es wi th 't Hooft-Polyakov type maenetic monopole
tions. We argue that the axial gauee, W
3
=O, is, superior to
other common gauges. Howe',rer, it is necessary to modify the
convetntional treatment of the axial gauce in order to a/oid
anomalous commutation relations amone the
generated by the angular momentum. We discuss the
for the quantum theory, including the appearance of fermion
states in a field theory containing only Bose fields.
865. Coleman S. and Parke S. Yale Report
J
COO-3075-144,
1976, New Haven, Connecticut.
CAN OlIE DENT A DYON?
Studies non-spherically symmetric solutions a la Julia
and Zee to see if they are stable. Proves stability for
Prasad-Sommerfield.
, i
866. Corrigan & and Olive D. Nucl.Phys.,1976, vol.B110,
N 0 2 / 3 , p p 2 3 7 - 247.
COLOUR AND ;,:A.GNETIC MOIJOPOLES
If the exact gauge symmetry of nature consists of the
U(1) sub (EM) ge:r.erated by the electric operator Q and the
colour group K, with Q a colour singlet, then, if g is a
possible magnetic charge, must equal an elemer:t
of the colour group. For colour singlet particles this reduces
to Ditacts condition eg=n/2. In general, possible monopoles
correspond to points of intersection of the colour and elec t'ro,
magnetic groups. If the colour group is semi-simple and
compact, there can at most be a finite number p of such
poi-nts (P=U if K=SU(N)). The ,existence of non-trivial ( not
equal to unity) solutions to our condition means that there
mus't be fractionally charged ( wi th p the fraction) coloured
particles and magnetic monopoles emanating colour magnetic
flux as well as electromagnetic flux.
(/ If ,J
867.Corrigan E. , Olive D.I., Fairlie D.B., and Nuyts J.
Nucl.Phys.,1976, vol.B106, no J, pp.475-492.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN SU(J) GAUGE THEOHIES
It Hooft constructed a finite mass unite monopole by
a) embending the electromagnetic U(1) gauge theory in a SU(2)
theory via a Higgs triplet mechanism ,b) seekins solutions
invariant under simultaneous rotations in ordinary and SU(2)
space. We consider an SU (J) gauge theory broken dovvn to U (2)
by an octet Higgs vector and find two finite-mass stable
. .
solutions corresponding to the two ways of embending SU(2)
in SU(J). One solution is the pure unit monopole but the oLher,
which promises to be lighter, has 1/2 unit of magnetic charge
{thus Violating Dirac's condition,naively apPlied)as well as
being a source of isomagnetic flux ( associated with the
unbroken SU
868.Corrigan E., Olive D. European Organization for Nuclear
Research, CERN.- 2147, Geneva,1976.
COLOUR AnD MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
869.Cornwall J.M. and Hilton H.H.
vol.J6, No 15, PQ.900-90J.
Phys.Rev.,Lett. ,1976,
RELATION BETWEEN MOlJOPOLE MASS AND PRIMARY Itl0NOPOLE
FLUX
We give quantitative results concerning the simple idea
that the' probability of observing a monopole at Earth with
to =0.5 decreases as the monopole mass decreases, for masses
10
4
Gev/c
2
The effective cross section of Earth is roughly
the geometric cross section times the ratio of the monopole
mass to "SOOO GeV/c
2

-
870. (AD-A-OJ0046). RELATION BETWEElJ MONOPOLE MASS AND PRIIVIARY
MONOPOLE FLUX. INTEHIM REPORT: 12 Aug
il. / I
871. Cremmer E., Schaposnik F. ahd Scherk J.
1976, vol. 65B, No 1, pp.78-80.
Phys.Lett.,
UNIQUENESS OF THE 'T HOOFT-POLYAKOV MAGlillTIC
MONOPOLE SOLUTIOn
In the 0(3) gauge theory with a triplet of scalars, we
show the uniqueness of the Wu-Yang-'t Hooft-Polyakov-Julia-
Zee solution under the assumptions: 1) static, finite enerGY
solution, 2) separability of radial and angular variables.
872. Dereli T. and Swank L.J.
Dept. of Phys., Yale University,
Yale Report COO-3075-137, New Haven, Connecticut,1976.
SU(3) / SO(3) MAGlillTIC rvrONOPOLES
SU(3) magnetic monopoles based on the SO(3) subgroup are
.given. The charge quantization conditions are e'g= 1.
873. Dirac P. A. M. In: 11EW PATHWAYS IN PHYSICS,
Proceedings of Orbis Scientiae held by the Centre for
Theoretical Studies, University of Miami, Editors A.perlmutter
vol.1, p.1-14, Plenum, York,1976.
THEORY OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
The treatment of magnetic monopole theory involves
the Maxwell equations in a theory allowing both charges and
monopoles co-existing and interacting wnth one another and
involving the idea of string defined as a line extending from
"the monopole to infinity or terminating on a equal and opposit
monopole. The change of gauge, the kinematiCS, and an action
principle are considered. It is noted that the force on the
monopole comes Simply from the monopole being constrained to
"lie at the end of string and the string variables occurring
in the expression for the action of the field.
,.
874. Eberhard '/ Aspects actuels phys.particules et retombeec
technol. 18 Cours perfectionn., Zermatt, 1976, S.1,1976,
pp.294-309.
MAG:NETIC MONOPOLES (In J.c'rench)
875. Duan I-shish, Ke Motin Kexue Tongbao,1976, vol.21, No 6,
p.282. (English translation in : Kexue
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND HIGGS FIELD
(In Chinese)
It is shown that if magnetic monopoles exist their cpnce
distribution and motion define the four dimensional
transformation and topological structure of Higgs field.
876. Englert F. and Win dey P.
pp.2728-2731.
Phy s. Rev. , 1 7 6, vol. D 1 4, no 1 0 ,
,
QUANTIZATION CONDITION FOR 'T HOOFT MonOPOIJES
IN COMPACT SIMPLE LIE GROUPS
The quantization conditions for 't Hooft monopoles and
their related conserved topological charges are obtained for
all compact simple Lie groups. In addition, all possible
Dirac monopoles are classified.
877. Ezawa Z.F. and Tze H.C. J.Math.Phys.,1976, vol. 17,
No 12, pp.2228-2231.
MONOPOLES, VORTICES AnD THE GEOMETRY OF THE YAHG-
MILLS BUNDLES
A topological of monopoles and vortices is
formulated in terms of fibre bunbdles. The distinction between
Dirac and 't Hooft monopoles is made in the light of the
energy finiteness problem. Finite-length vortices with Dirac
monopoles at the end points are also discussed
878. Ezawa Z.F. and TzeH.C.
..
, -
,
LPTPE 76/3, Orsay,1976.
MONOPOLES, VORTICES AND THE GEOMETRY OF THE
YANG-MILLS BUNDLES
879. Ezawa Z.F., Tze H.C. stanford Linear Accelerator Center,
SLAC-PUB-1798, Stanford, 1976.vol.D15, No 6, pp.1G47-1654.
'I. -...
A THEORY OF DIRAC MONOPOLES V/rrrH A NON-ABELAIN
SYIUMETRY
Lagrangian theory of non-Abelian classical Dirac monopoles
that is free of such problems as the "Dirac veto".
880. Fadeev L.D. Fourth International Symposium on Non-local
Field Theories, Alushta,USSit,1976. Joint Inst. for Nucl.
Research, JINR D2-9788, Dubna, pp.207-223.
IN SEARCH FOR MANY-DIMENSIOnAL SOLUTIONS
certain techniques used in the search of multidimens-lona]
solutions are discussed. The role of Gcale transformations is
clarified during discussion of the problem of solution ex-ls-
tence. It is explained why the existence of stationary loca-
lized solutions of non-linear equations is a rule for one-
dimensional space and an exception for three-dimensional space
The importent role of topological charges for solutions is
noted in connection with the fact; that solut;ions as a rule,
possess the nonzero values for them. Moreover, some-cimes ;:;he
.topological charge gives the estimate underneath for the
energy of stationary solu'Cions. This property can be used
both for the proof of the existence of solutions and
for the evaluation of their n:ass. The au::;hor believes <;hat
the most appropria:;e solu:.;ion for the ::;heory
of chiral fields is the Hoof'C-Polyakov monopole which is
not really localized.
881. Frampton P.H. Phys.Re7.,1976, vol.D14, No 2, pp.528-530.
UNIQUENESS_ OF s-WAVE }TOlT-ABEIJIAN MAGNETIC
MOnOPOLE
A systematic search for spherically symmetric magnetic-
monopole solutions of an SU(2) Yang-Mills theory is repor.ed
.
After a qualitative discussion based on a mechanical analog
model the search is described. The is
that the s-wave monopole discovered by .t Hooft is unique;
no radial excitations exist. Thus, if there exist any after-
native solutions to the 't Hooft solution, they are not
spherically symmetric.
882. Frampton P. H. Uni versi "y of california, Dcp t. of
UCLA/76/TEP/12, Los Angeles,1976.
'T HOOFT MONOPOLES AITD SINGULAR GAUGE THAI'JSFOnJ.IATIO:\S
states non-Abelian are not sources and have
no at tached s "rings. Also non-Abelian monopoles may
nate dual strings of magnetic flux, but i..; seelUS unlikely.
88). Frenkel A. and Hrasko P. Kozponti Fizikai Kutato
KFKI-75-82, BudapesG,
INVARIANCE PHOPERTIES OF THE DIHAC r.IONOPOLE
Shows, in part, that one gets invariance and
correc; space" for e, g Gyotem wi ,;h Dirac
quantization.
884. Friedman K.A. and Kaku M. Phys.Rev.,1976, vol. D14,
No 8, pp.202)-2028.
TIME- DEPErmENT GENERALIZATIOnS OF IT HOOFT TYPE
MOnOPOLES
We construct new classical monopole and dyon solutions
of the It Hooft type, which have particlelike properties
and are These new sQlutions are constructed
out of the tensors arising out of the classical electrodyna-
mics of pointlike charged particles, and hence describe point-
like particles which can perform arbitrary space-time motions.
Vfuen the monopoles come to rest, they reduce to the monopoles
found by It Hooft abd by Julia and Zee.
885. Galitski V.M. priroda (Russ.), 1976, No 4, pp.27-J1.
MONOPOLE DISCOVERY?
(In Russian)
886. Gervais J.L., Sakita B. and Wadia S. Phys.Lett.,197
6
,
vol. 63B, No 1, pp.55-58.
THE SURFACE TERM IN GAUGE THEORIES
The importance of the surface term in the action-integral
in gauge theories is pointed out. In contains additional
dynamical variables other than those contained in the Lagran-
gi.an density. The additional variables play the role of
collective coordinateD for the quantization of tt Hooft-
Polyakov monopole solutions. In general they are necesonry
if the generalized total charse of the oyotem is non-zero.
They serve to select a boundary condition of the solution
of classical equations of motion, about which the quantum
mechanical perturbative expansion should be done. We obtaine(
the Schwinger quantization condition for the dyoD =
integer.
881. Gervais J.L., Heven A. Phys.Reports ( section C of:' Phys.
Lett.),1976, vol.23, No 3, pp.240-244. Introductory paper
to the Proceeding of the mee-ting held at Ecole normale
Superieure, Paris, 1915.
EXTEIIDED SYSTEMS IN FIELD THEORY
888. Goldhaber A. S. In: NEW PATHWAYS 111 HIGH-E:mRGY PHYSICS,
Proc. of Orbis Scientiae Uni versi ty of r,Iiamy, Ed. A. Perlr:luttE
Plentun, New York, 1916, vol.1, pp.121-123.
ELECTRIC CHARGE Dr cor.IPOSITE I.IAmmTIC I.10HOPOLE
THEORIES
It is observed that the spin approach to the interactior.
of electric charges \vith magnetic monopoles leads naturally
to theories wi th composi te monopoles :nade frOLl SU(2) gauge
fields. The key steps are to express the "electromagnetic
field associated with a charge-pole system
as a quantur.:-mechanical spin operator ( as was done some year.
ago) and then to identify this spin operator as the generator
of SU(2) transformations on charged particle wave functions.
It is 'emphasized that composite monopoles may not occur unleE
-electric charge is one of the operators of an SU(2) symr;;etry.
The formalism for conservation of electric charge and quan-
tization of the electric charge of a monopole, is deO,"eloped
at a n first-quantized"lelel. Speculations are given on high
energy charge-pole scattering .Some problems with second
quantization are discuGsed and the possibility is raised
that may be an infinite mass renormalizntion of a
composite monopole which has finite mass in the classical
approximation.
HU9. Goldhaber A,S.
pp.1122-1125.
Phys.Rev.Lett., 1976, vol.J6, No 10,
COIHmCTIon OF SPIlT AND STATISTICS FOR CHAHGE-
MONOPOLE COMPOS ITES
An object composed of a spinless electrically charged
particle and a spinleos magnetically charged particle may
bear net half-integer spin, but the waIe function of two such
clusters must be symmetric under their inter chaEge. neverthe-
less, a careful study of the relativistic motion of the clus-
ters shows that this symmetry condition implies the usual
connection between spin and statistic.
890. Goldhaber A.S., Wilkinson D. Nucl.Phys.,1S76, vol. B114,
No 2, pp.J17-JJJ.
COMPOSITE MAG:7ETIC MOnOPOLES FOR SU(N) SPONTANEOUSLY
BROKEN TO U(1).
The point monopole solution found by Corrigan, Olicre,
Fairlie and Uuytz for SU(J) broken down to U(2) by an octet
Higgs field is shown to sur'rive when the symmetry is further
broken to U(1), and therefore is a magnetic E,onopole in the
,traditional sense. The demonstration exploits a singular trans
formation from the Abelian gauge with a Dirac string, to a
non-singular gauge in which the vector field has a mani:ect
rotational symmetry. The procedure is generalized to SUer)
broken to U(1), always yielding the smallest strength monopole
consistent with the Dirac quantization condition, and in some
cases higher - strength monopoles as well. The manifect syu-"
metry 'Of the vector field corresponds to an angular momentwn
:t, different in general from the physical charge-pole angu-
lar J The latter generates a symmetry of the whole
system of Higgs and vector fields. E-ren that symmetry fails
'for the interior of a finite-energy solution unless J and
coincide, which happens only, for the minimal monopole
coupled to a charge in an SU(2) subgroup of SU(N). If SUCH)
is not broken all the way to U(1), there can be solutions
wi th exact JO symmetry whose posei ble significance io dio-
cuseed. A theorem of Geotgi and Glaohow used to show thut
SU(J) . --}Ioo U(1) could occur in a natural way if there were
two Higgs fields

891. Gursey F. Conference on "Gauge Theories and Modern Field
Theories", Boston, 1 Ed. R.Arnowi tt and P. Nath, I'.TIT PreeD,
Cambridge,1976, pp.369-376, ( in collaboration \-nth L.J.Srrnnk
SUPERSYMIVfETRIC ANSATZ FOR SPONTAIJEOUSLY BROKEN
GAUGE FIELD
It is shown that a new type of ansatz involving
in a gauge theory with Higgs fields based on SU(3) leads to
tt Hooft type monopole soluttons with finite energy which
carry fractional charges of the quarks.
892 . Hagen C.R., Schwinger J., and' Zwanziger 1:>. Phys.Today,
Apr.1976, p.15.
LORENTZ IHVARIANCE QUESTION
Hagen states he showed non-covariance of monopole and that
Schwinger is incorrect. Good review of fundamental
concerning monopoles.
893." Haeen C.R. In : NEW PATHWAYS IN" HIGH-EnERGY PHYSICS,
, Froc. of Orbis Scientiae University of Miamy, Ed.A.Perlm'.lt-
ter, Plenum Press, :'Yew York, 1976, 'vol.1, pp.135-149.
l'10NCOVARIAHCE OF THE SCHWINGER MONOPOLE
It is shown that a canonical forffiulation of the magnetic
monopole cannot be covariant if one allows only couplings
which manifestly invariant under three dimeLsional rota-
tion. Although Schwingerts monopole theory allows a more
general class of interaction terms, Lorentz invariance is
found to be violated there as well. One is forced to conclude
that there does not exist a consistent field theory of the
,monopole of the present time.
894. Hanni R.S. "and Ruffini R. Nuovo Cimcnto Lett., 1976,
vol.15, No 6, pp.189-194.
SCIDVARZSCHILD BLACK HOLE IN AN ASYIIIPTOTICAIJLY
UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELD
A study of the c.:tructure of the magnetic field in the
neighbourhood of a black hole i8 reported. The physic8l com-
ponents of the Lorentz f:orce acting in a magnetic monopole
of unit strength at rest at a given period of" the Schwarzs-.
child background nre locally analyzed. Then the lines of
:(orce8 as seen from a far away observer are studted. Finally,
the lines 0.1' constant; flux which coincide \\ti eh the lines ot"
free (lUx are given. They are spaced in order that their
density is proportional to the physical component of the Loren'
force.
895.Hasenfratz P. and 't Hooft G.
vol.36, Ho pp.111J-1122.

FERMION-BOSOIJ PUZZLE IN A GAUGE THEORY
It is argued that magnetic monopoles in an SU(2)
theory may bind with ordinary boson with isospin, to gi7e
bound states with spin. If the isospin of the free is
integer or the total angular mOf.;entUr:1 of the
bound state is integer or respectively.
According to the ipin-statistics theorem we can obtain
this way in a theory that started of-:: with bosons only.
896.Hasenfratz P. and Ross Nuc 1. Phys. , 1 6, vol. B1 08,
No 3, pp.462-482.
ANOMALOUS AHGULfu'l MOMENTA IN A QUAnTIZED
THEORY OF MONOPOLES
In this paper a gauge theory with a classical solution
corresponding to a magnetic monopole is quantized. By
handling of the zero frequency modes, it is shown that the
monopole is capable of absorbing both momentum and charge. The
angular momentwn operator is considered and it is shown that
if the original theory contains an isodoubled scalar field, the
quantum exci tations may be half' integer eigenvalue- eigenstate1::
of this operator.
897. Hasenfratz P. and RosS.D.A. utrecht preprint, Uarch,1976.
ANm.'IALOUS ANGULAR MOMENTA IN A QUANTIZED THEOHY
OF MONOPOLES
898.Hietarinta J., Takasugi E. and Tanaka K. Dept.of' Phyn.
The Ohio state Univeroity, COO-1545-185,
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE SOLUTIOn IN NON-ABEIJIAn
GAUGE THEORY
We propose an approximate analytic solution of the
equations of motion of the 't Hoof magnetic ri'.onopole model.
Virial type global tests are carried out for the solution.
Then the monopole maos, enerGies the -.rector ,'ield ;-\ ':.:. ,
I
-c..
Higgs field <p and interaction are COLiputcd in c losed
The form factors 0_' and, )C-. in a quantized ','ersion
are also calculated.
899. 't Hooft G. Lect. Not es Phys., 1976, vol. 50, No 3,
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AnD NON-ABELIA1J GAUGE GROUPS
It is shovm that in all gauge theories a gauge
group of electromagnetic interactions U(I) is considered to
be a sub-group of a group with a compact covering (e.g
SU(2) or the production magnetic
which are represented by regular Eolutions 0:' __'ield equation
is admissible. The mass of these monopoles can be calculated
and it is of the 137 mw order, where rr is an average roees
dVi
of the vector boson.
900. 't Hooft G. Nucl.Phys.,1976, vol.B105, pp.538-
MAGNETIC CHARGE QUANTIZATION AND FRACTIONALLY
, CHARGED QUARKS
If magnetic monopole with Schwinger's value of the
magnetic charge would exist then that would pose serious
restrictions on theories with fractionally charged quarks,
even if they are con:(ined. Weak and electromognetic interac-
tions must be unified with colour, leading to a Weinberg
angle G"" to 80
0

901.Horvath z. and Palla L.
1714.
Phys.Re , D14, No 6, pp.1711-
DYONS IN CLASSICAL pU (3) GAUGE THEORY AnD
A NEW TOPOLOGICALLY CONSERVED QUANTI'fY
By extending the worle of and Pagels we construct
solutions to the classical pure Yang-Uills SU(3) gauge field
equations which a new topologically conserved quanti ty.
The nonzero value of this quantity stabilizen dy.ons.
902.Horvath z. and Palla L. Inst. of Theor.Phys.,Roland
EotvQsh Univ.,ITP-361, Budapest, Hungary,1976.
MONOPOLES, DYONS AND OTHER TOPOLOGICALLY STABLE
SOLUTIONS IN GAUGE THEORIES
90J.Hor-rath Z. and Palla L. Inst. of Theor.Phys.,Roland
Eot/vosh Univ., ITP-362, Budapest, Hungary,1976.
01{ THE STRUCTURE OF GEnERALIZED M01'rO?OLE
SOLUTIONS IN GAUGE THEORI3S
Present a method for constructing generalized tt Hoot
monopole solutions in a gauge theory with a.n arbitrary
gauge group.
Prediction
Charge quantization spans
ga,uge theories.
'904.Horvath'Z., Palla L.
pp.500-524.
vol.B116, No 2,
ON THE STRUCTURE OF GENERALIZED MONOPOLE SOLUTIONS
IN GAUGE THEORIES
A method is presented for constructing generalized ,t
Hooft monopole solutions in a gauge theory with an
gauge group. We derive restrictions arining from the condition
of finite energy.The radial oscillation of the solution iG
discussed. Using our method we reproduce all the SU(3) Liolu-
tions known in the Ii terature. Fini te energy monopoles pmH,'c!:w
ing magnetic charge in the range g kg (N-1 )go are
o 0
found in SU(N) gauge theories. charge qUP.ntization
conditions are analyzed to underBtand the structure of our
solutions

905.Horvath Z. and Palla L. Inst. of Theor.Phys., Roland
EotVQsh University, ITP-J64 , Budapest,
MONOPOLES AND GRAND U1UFICA TIOn THE OR IS
Shows a method for constructing static extended monopole
solutions in grand unification theories.
906. Hrasko P. Kozponti Fizikai Kutato Intezet, KFKI-76-J2,
Budapest, Hungary,1976.
QUASICLASSICAL QUAnTIZATION OF THE MAGNETIC CHA..RGE
To in\restigate the Dirac's quantization condi tioD for
the magnetic charge a kind spherical pendulum is considered
in the quasiclassical approxioation. This pendulum dif::..'ers
from ordinary spherical one in that the mo'.ring point mass
possesses an electric charge e while the center the
pendulwJ has a magnetic charge g. Using the Einstein-Keller
method for quantization it is shovm that the assumption of
spherical leads to the Dirac quantization condition
egc-
1
=O.25 J\ with an arbitrary integer n.
907.Hsu J. P. Phys.Rev.Lett.,1976, . vol.J6,
MIXING A:'JGLE THETA AND r.1AGNETIC MONOPOLE IN
WEINBERG'S UNIFIED GAUGE THEORY
Gauge symmetry admits a local unit isovector and leads
to the magnetic monopoles in Weinberg's unified theory. I
predict sin
2
Q =1/2 for the mixing angle G on the basis
of Dirac's condition for charge quantization. This inters-
ting result should be tested experimentally.
\.
908. Hsu J. P.
1518.
Phys.Rev.Lett.,1:J76, vol.)6, No 26, pp.1515-
FORMS OF GAUGE FIELDS AND NON-INTEGRABLE PI-IASE
FACTORS
I show the connection between magnetic I.,onopoles wi th
quantized strengths and the form OJ: solutions _of gnuC;c fields.
A generalized electrorr.agnetic field tensor and its
physical implications in a unified gauge theory are discusoed
. 909. Huang K. and Stump D.R. Phys.Rev. Lett. ,1976, ':01.37,
No 9, pp.545-548.
MIXING OF INTERNAL AlID SPACE TIME SYliiMETRIES
In a general Yang-Mills theory with self-interacting
boson and/or :,:'ermion source fields, it is shown that the
.-.". -..
angular momentum operator is J = ::( T (21rylQ:>-(1.- , where ..1.
is the free-'::'ield angular momentum ( i. e., that for zero
gauge coupling constant), 00.. is the total charge, corres pon-
ding to the internal symmetry index ,and : is the
total flux of V" 1\.4.,.. along the )\.t directi on, in the
...,.
gauge V A,:O
910. Ishikav18 K. Tohoku Univ., TU/76/141, Sendai, Japan,1976.
EXTENDED OBJECTS IN GAUGE THEORIES
A technique of relativistically covariant collective
coordinates is applied to gauge theories in relativistic
space-time dimensions which ha'le solutions of classical Euler-
Lagrange equations. Masses and form factors of extended objectf
in such theories are calculated.
Jackiw R. and Rebbi C.
Phys.Rev. Lett. ,1976, vol. 36,
No 19, pp.1116-1119.
SPIN FROM ISOSPIN IN A GAUGE THEORY,
It is shown that in an SU(2) gauge theory wi th isospin
ry broken by a triplet of scalar mesons, isospinor degreeG or
freedom are converted into spin degrees o:(.r'reedor:1, in the
field a magnetic monopole.
912. Jackiw R. In:"GAUGE THEORIES AND MODERN FIELD THEORIES,
Ed.R. Arnowitt and P.Nath, MIT Preas,
401.
CHARGE AND MASS SPECTRUM OF QUANTUl\1 SOLITIONS
A perturbative method for Golition sectors in quantum
field theory is re'!iewed and the solution mags is
discussed. It is shovm that quantizing the Y81Jg-Mills monopol
forces the presence of charge-bearing monopoles, which are
almost degenerate in mass.
913. Jackiw R. and Rebbi C.
pp.JJ98-J409.
Phys.Re'l. ,1976, vol. D1J, No 12,
SOLITIONS WITH FERMION NUMBER 1/2
We study the structure of solition- monopole systems
when Fermi fields are present. 'lie show that the existence 0':'
a nondegenerate, isolated, zero-energy, e-number solution
of the Dirac equation implies that the solition is a degene-
rate doublet with Fermi number 1/2. We find such solutions
in the theory of Yang-Mills monopoles and dyons.
914. Jacobs L. Phys.Rev.,1976, Yol.D14, No 10, pp.273SJ-2746.
SU(J) THEORY OF FERMION-MONOPOLE SYSTEMS
. It is sho\vn that, when Fermi fields are introduced in
the SU(J) generalizations of the 't Hoof-Polyakov model, the
existence of any topologically stable solution to the pure
Yang-Mills-Higgs system necessarily implies that the
ponding Dirac equations possess, for any nonzero value of the
solition-termion coupling costant, an isolated, normalizable
solution at exactly zero energy.
915. Kaku M. Phys.Rev.,1976, vol.D13, no 10, pp.2881-288J.
SU(4) AND A NEW CLASS OF EXACT,TTI,m-DEPE1TJ)ENT,
CLASSICAL SOLUTIons TO GAUGE THEORIES
We construct an exact, time-dependent,. clussical solu-
tion to the Yang-Mills e'quation with SU(4)symrnetry,generali-
zing the static solutions of \'Iu and Yang. This solution
describing a pointlike particle which can execute arbitrary
space-time motions is constructed out of Lienard-\nechert
potentials. The solution opens the door to an entirely new
class of classical ansatz to gauge theories, including 't
Hooft monopoleo. Tirne- dependent classical solutions of thts
type may prove useful in constructing quantized bound-state
hadronic systems.
916. Kalman G. and Ter Haar D. Nature, Lett. to the Editor,
1976, p.467.
PULSARS AND MAGNETIC MONOPOIJES
Considers the of monopoles on persistence of
pulsar fields. Not able to set significant upper limits on
flux.
917. Kazama Y. and Yar.g C.H. Institute for Theor.Phys.,
state Univ. of New-York, SUNY-Stony Brook ITP/SB 76-65,
stony Brook, new-York, 1976.
EXISTE:TCE OF BOUND STATES FOR A CHARGED SPIN 1/2
PARTICLE ',VITH AN EXTRA MAGNETIC MOMEIJT IN 'l'RE FIELD
OF A FIXED MAGnETIC MONOPOLE
918. Kazawa Y., yang C. N. and Goldhaber A. S. Institute for
. Theor.Phys., State Univ. of new-York, Brook,
ITF/SB 76-73, Stony Brook, New-York,1976.
SCATTERInG OF A nffiAC PARTICLE '{nTH CHARGE Ze
'. BY A FIXED MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
Adds an infinitesimal extra magnetiC moment to charged
particle. Find helicity flip and helicity non-flip amplitudes.
919. Khlebnikov V. I. Vestnik Mosk. Uni v., ser. phl1s. -astron,
1976, vol.17, No 5, pp.590-597.
GRA VITATIOUAL FIELD OF QUASISTATIONARY CONCENTHATED
,
SYSTEIiTS WITHOUT ROTATION (I)
A series of solutions of Einotein-Maxwell equations with
term aho b'een obtained which describes tho gra\ri tntional field
of quasistationary concentrated systems with electromagnetic
and magnetic charges. The metrix round belong to typo D
according to Petrov-Firani and possess zero rotation and
shift. The physical interpretation of the solutions obtained
is given. The first part of the ir.vestigation contains the
setting of the problem in terms of spin coefficient method.
920. Kim B.R. Phys.Rev. vol.D1J, no 11, pp.J156-J158.
COLOR AlTD MAGNETIC CHARGE
Schwinger's conjecture that the color degree of freedom
of a quark is equivalent to its degree 0:' freedom 0:' taking
different magnetic charges provides a plaussible motivation
for extending color to leptons. Leptons are jtist quarks with
zero magnetic charge. It is shovm that baryon number and
lepton number can be replaced by fermion number and magnetic
charge.
921. Kimon Naro, Yongduk Kim
No 1, pp.5-8 .
J.Korean Phys.Soc.,1976, vol.8,
THE SCALING INVARIANCE OF THE ELECTROl'T-IJIAGIillTIC
MONOPOLE SCATTERING AMPLITUDE
922. Krolokowski W. Bull.Acad.Pol Sci.Ser.Sci.Math.Astron.,
and vol.24, No 6, pp.44j-45J.
A{:OMMENT ON MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND PARITY
VIOLATION
The connection between the pari ty conservation in electro-
magnetic interaction and the absence of magnetic rJonopoles
carried by spin-1/2 particles is corrmented on.
923. Kursunoglu B. In: NEW PATIr:1AYS IN HIGH ENEHGY PHYSICS,
Procoedines of the third Or-bis SCicntiae, Univ. of Miami, fY1G.
Ed. by Perlmutter et al., Flenum Presn, New-York, and I,oncion,
1;l76, pp.15-11).
ELEME:rTARY PARTICLES IN THE GEnERALIZED THEORY
OF GRAVITATIOn
924. Kursunoglu B.
1560.
Phys.Rev.,1976, vol.D13, No 6, pp.1538-
CONSEQUENCES OF NON-LINEARITY IN THE
. GENERALIZED OF GRAVITATION
Magnetic charge in no way related to Dirac or Schwinger
charge. Model has shells of magnetic charge of alternating
signs. Monopoles don't exist in theory.
925. Kyriakopoulos E., Ramachandran R.
vol.15, No 5, pp.161-165.
IvIONOPOLE-AHTIMONOPOLE BOUND STATE
Lett.Nuovo Cim.,1976,
In this note an attempt is made to estimate the mass
and other properties of r::tonopole-antirr.onopole bound state
ariSing purely out of a magnetic interaction and relate it
to the form factor of the monopole.
926. Lee B. W. In: NEW PATHNAYS IN HIGH E}ffiRGY ?HYSICS.
Froc.of Orbis Scientiae Univ. of Miar.:li, Ed. A.Perlmut-cer,
Plenum, New-York, 1976, vol.2, pp.359-398.
:MY PERSPECTIVES ON PARTICLE PHYSICS, SmlMA ... l\Y
OF ORBIS SCIENTIAE,1976
A rev-iew of contemporary theory touching on magnetic ;r.onopoles.
Short, 'but interesting remark on charge quantization.
927. Leinaas J.M.
pp.78-82.
Fra Fys.Verden/Norway/,1976, vol.J8, No 4,
MAGNETICALLY CHARGED PARTICLES(In Norwegian)
Magnetic monopoles and Dirac's quantum conditions for
electric and magnetic charges are discu:Joed.A magnetic mor.opole
field is vioualizod as the field of a .solenoid of infinite
length and vanishing cross-section. Tho theoretical
of the existence of magnetic monopole particles are bric.'ly
mensioned; they may form part of the structure 0:':':' the proton or
neutron.
928. Lugo V.A. Universi ty of California, Dept. of Phys., UCJJA/7
/TEP/25, Los
THE STRICT EQUIVALENCE OF" TIll ABELIAn MONOPOLE AND
ITS NON-ABELIAn STRI:0TGLESS COUNTERPAHT BY USE OF
SECTIons
In an SO(3) theory shows Dirac monopole under certcl"Ln
conditions can be properly transformed to global,nonsinculaI'
gauge field. For Dirac monopole means 't Hooft solution is
equivalent to Abelian monopole.
929. Maetzler C. Z.Angew.Math.Phys.,1976, vol.27, p.137.
GYRO-SYNCHROTRON RADIATION IN A MAGHETIC MONOPOLE
AS A SOURCE OF SOLA..t{ MICROWAVE BURSTS
930. MaetzlerC. Soi.Phys.,1976, vol.49, Ho 1, pp.117-140.
COIITINUOUS INJECTION MODEL FOR H.&-qD X-RAY
CORRELATED BURSTS
Asymrri.etric magnetic field configurations in solar active
regions hinder mildly relativistic oagnetic
moments suitable to produce microwave radiation from being
trapped. Therefore the duration of stay of electrons in the
microwave source region is r.lUch shorter ( <: 0.2s) than in
the usually assumed trapping models. On this basis a consiste
model of hard ( x-ray) correlated microwave bursts due to
continuous injection of electrons into a pole field of an
asymmetric magnetic loop is constructed. This resolves the
discrepancy of the numbers of electrons needed to produced
x-ray and radio emission. Gyro-synchrotron spectra are
puted with the assumption of conservation of the magnetic
moment M in the microwave source. The consequence is an
anticorrelation between the low frequency power index a of
the microwave spectrum and the power index J < of the hard
x-ray spectrum. ( In fact during the flow of lIlay 18,1972)
increase with time whi Ie a is decreasing , 80 that < + A
constant. Furthermore, it is shown that electrons with <mer-
gieB ilelow 100 keV contribute sienificantly to the microwave
they determine the low frequency spectrum comple-
tely. The model is able to explain the most of ten observed
type c-spectra but also that spectra over one frequency decade.
\ .
931. A MAGNETIC POLE DISCRIMINATOR.
No 2, pp.25-27.
932. Maison D. and Orfanidis S. J. Dept. or'. Phys., new York
Univ., NYU Pth 31/76, New
SOME GEOMETRICAL ASPECTS OF MONOPOLE THEORIES
Connects Kaluza's theory of electromagnetism and its non-
Abelian generalizations to a georr:etrical fOTmulation in terms
of fiber bundles.
933. Majernik V. and lTagy M. Lett.Nuovo Cim.,1976, vol.16,
No pp.265-268.
QUATERNIONIC FORM OF MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS
WITH SOURCE
Treatment of Maxwell's equations with source including
magnetic IIlor.opoles. This attack is supposed to of:..:er an
easier approach to curved spaces.
934. Mandelstam S. Phys.Reports (Section C of Phys.Lett.),
vol.23, No 3, pp.245-249.
7f. VORTICES AND QUARK CONFINEMENT IN ?JON-ABELIAN
-
GUAGE THEORIES
Discussion somewhat following Physics Letters article.
Suggests an alternate color confinement model.
1
935. Marciano W. and Pagels H. .Phys.Rev. vol.D14,
No 2, pp.531-534.
CHIRAL-CHARGE CONSERVATION AND GAUGE FIEIJDS
..
An example of a gauGe field theory wi th classical dyo:
J . .
solutions which violateD anomaoun chirul-charge con[;erva tior!
is presented. We alco show that the pseudoparticle solution
to the four-dir.lensional pure Yang-Mills equations is equi va-
lent to a link solation in one dioension. The net chanGe
in the Pontrcragin index, and :kink number are
equivalent. This suggests an' intin,ate connection between the
spherically symmetric four-dimensional Euclidean gauge field
theory and one-dimensional scalat field cheories.
9.36. Marciano W., Pagels H. Dept. of Phys., The Hock:t'eller
Univ. ,COO-22.32B-108,:rew York,1976.
MULTIPLY CHARGED NIAGNETIC MONOPOLES, SU(3)
PSEUDOPARTIOLES AnD PSEUDO-
PARTICLES
We construct a topologically stable solution to the
pure Yang-Mills SU(3) gauge field equations (without scalar
fields ) which corresponds to a point m.agnetic !!Jonopole. There
is no SU(2) analog to this solution.
9.37. :Matsumoto H., Umezawa H., Papastamatiou U. J.
1976, vol.n14, No 12, pp.3536-3547 .
Phys. Re:,". ,
A DETAILED STUDY OF RELATIVISTIC STRINGS
,
Presented is a detailed analysis of the dyr.amics oJ:' the
relativistic vortex by means of the boson transformation
method. Gereral forLulas :'or the energy and mOL.entwn oL the
string are derived. It is shown that a ITortex of fini te
length creates a superposition of a short-range field asso-
ciated wi th the body of the vortex and a j:'ield cor;ling fror:
,
the end points. This end-point field decomposes into a short-
range and a long-range component, and the latter can be
eliminated by attaching Dirac magnetic [l!onopoles at the end-
points. It turns out that the monopole-string system has a
finite negative binding energy.
938. Michel L., OtRaifeartaigh and Wali K.C
SU-4210-83, Syracuse, New
Syracuse Univ.,
STATIC FINITE-ENERGY SOLUTIONS OFG1\UGE FIF.IJDS
J
WITH SEPARATED,RADIAL VARIABLE
For the above system, the radial and angular equations are
exhibited for any Yang-Mills group G, and the angular equ8-
tiona are solved for G=SU(2). For all the solutions in thiu
case, the magnetic charge is 4)1/e.
Micu M. Inst. of Atomic Phys., Bucharest, Publ.No 123,

GROUP THEORETICAL APPROACH TO MONOPOLE THEORIES
940. Mignani R. Lett. Nuovo Cim., 1 vol. 16, No 1, pp. 6-8.
STRONG BLACK HOLES AND QUARK-MOnOPOLE
IDENTIFICATION
It is shovvn that the metric describing a hadron as a strol
black hole essentially coincides in the case of massless gluon
exchange with the metric generated by a 't Hooft's magnetic
monopole is curved space-tine. Therefore, the result further
supports the hypothesis that quarks inside hadrons share 0':'
the properties of magnetic monopoles.
941. Mignani R. Phys. Rev. ,1976, vol. D13, 8, pp. 2437 -2440.
SYMMETHIES OF ELECTRODYlJAT.:IICS "lITH MAGN'zTIC
MOnOPOLES AND THE HERTZ TEnSOR
We discuss discrete symmetries of the Max\yell equations
with Dirac poles, written in manifestly duality-invariant
form by means of the Hertz tensor. It is shown that in this
framework the theory may give rise to parity and time-
reversal violation only for systems without electric charees.
When both electric and magnetic charges are present. the
pseudovector character of the magI.etic current-insuring parity
and time-re\rersal invariance of the Maxwell equations- if;
a direct consequence of' the vector transformation properties
of tho electric current.
942. Mikhailov V. F. Izv. Akad. Nauk Kazakhsk. SSR, sere !'iz.-
mat.,1976, no 6, pp.88-90.
EVALUATIONS OF POSSIBLE conCENTRATION
OF THE DffiAC MONOPOIJES IN GEOLOGICAL
FORMATIONS
943. Milton K.A. and DeRaad L.L. ,Jr. Universi ty of Cali1'01
945.
nia, Dept. of Phys.,UCLA/76/TEP/16.Los
STRINGS AnD GAUGE INVARIANCE
studies charge quantization by solving tV/o-body
Schrodinger equation \vith arbitrarily oriented string.
Some results on dyon-dyon scattering.
Moffat J. W. Toronto
A STATIC SPHERICALLY STIMnETRIC SOLUTION
IN A UNIFIED THEORY OF GRAVITATIon AND ELECTRO- .
MAGNETISM
The static spherically synm:etric solution for a
general electromagnetic point source is derived in a theory
unifying gravitation and electromagnetism. The solution
excludes the existence. of magnetic monopoles.
946. Nambu Y. Phys.Reports (section C of
vol.23, No ), pp.250-253.
MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC CONFINEMEnT OF QUARKS
Says faced with two problems in looking at Nielsen-
Olsesen model; (1) to get a non-Abelian generalization, (2)
quantization. Discusses some problems with magnetic confi-
nement.
947. Nauenberg N, Bartlett D.F. Progress Report,May 1'376
to December 1976, COO-2114-23.
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND HIGH E:NERGY PHENOMENA
Summerises of research activities at Colorado University.
948. van }\Iieuwenhuizen P., Wilkinson D., Perry M. J.
Phys.Rev.,1976, vol.D1J, No 4, pp.778-784.
REGULAR SOLUTIOn OF tT HOOFT'S MAGNETIC
MONOPOLE MODEL IN CURVED SPACE
A regular solution of , t Hooft's magnetic monopole
model in curved space is presented. As in flat space, an
analytical solution seems impossible, but by using the
Einstein equations to eliminate the gra'vitational degrees of
freedom, a positive-definite energy functional is construct-
ed, which at its minimum gives both the required solution
and the energy of the system. To first order in the gra'fi ta-
tional constant G, the energy can be expressed: in terms 0::'
.the first-space solutions only, whereas for general G a
lower bound is derived.
949. No'rello M., Galvao C. A. P., Soares I. D. and Salim J. M.
J.Phys., A. (Landor), 1'976, pp.547-554.
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC GRAVITATIONAIJ VrONOPOLES
I. THE EQUATION 0]1 MOTION OF POLES
In this paper we propose the existence of a new class
of particles that we call H poles. Tidal forces that govern
the behaviour of nearby H poles in gravitational fields is
given by the dual of the Rier:lanr tensor. Consequently, tr...e
equivalence principle is not satisfied by these H poles.
A physical property of conformal trasformation is shown to
by means of which the H poles are mapped into particle
of geodesic motion. Einstein's equations for the gravita-
tional field in a vacuum are shown to have a larger symmetry
group.
950. Okabayashi T.
6)2.
Fortschr. Phys., FJ76, vol.24, No 11
QUANTUM THEORY OF PATH-DEPENDEnT FIELD OPERATOR
BASED ON CHARACTERISTICS OF DISPLACEMENT OnmA'rORS
The path-dependent operator forJllalism of quantum electro-
dynnmics proposed by Mandelntam is reformulated through
quantum field theory based on characteristics of displacement
operators in Minkovski space. It is shown that total energy-
and total angu18:r-momentu:n operators can generate in hOlIio-
geneous Lorentz transformations on any local operator inclu-
ding path-independent bilinear forr.ls constructed of path-
dependent electron operator as V (x, p) ,but that
for c..,J(X,p) itself are only their V(x,?) -dependent parts.
Such an uni'amiliar feature is characteristic or the path-
dependent operator i'orraalism. The present approach posse[-;ses
unique n:eri ts in l'1:aking the logic of the fornlalisCl tranoparerlt
as described in the following. Some restriction, which can be
used to discuss propriety of gauge condi tions, can be figur'ed
out. By introducing a path-rearrangemer;t operator, we can
keep infinite variety of space-like paths with the same
and point throughc,,,,,,t ourforf.lulation as they s"tand. Se .-eral
points which must be modified in the presence of
monopole are closed up.
951. Olive D. I. nucl.Phys.,1976, vol.B11), No ), pp.41)-420.
AllGULAR IVlm,IENTUM,VL\GJ:JETIC r,.!ONOPOLES AND
GAUGE THEORIES
an exact gauge symmetry group H is embedded in
a larger group G ehich is broken back to H spontaneously,
there are si tuations in which the angular momentu.l'!l operator
acquires a new t, where t
1
,t
2
,t
J
, generate an angular
momentum subalgebra of G. Thus internal and external sym-
metries are coupled. It is shovm, that the radial cocponent
of t is -a linear combination of the generators of H. When
H consists of a color group and an electromagnetic U(1)gene-
rated by the electric charge operator Q which is a colour
Singlet, then the coefricient of Q in this decompOSition is
minus the magnetic charge occurring in the situation. For
general H the structure of the decomposition is Qinus the
J'!lagnetic charge occurring in the situation.For general H
the structure of the decomposition of the radial component
of t into genrators of H completely. determines the topolo-
gical quantu:n numbers of the uolution cons,idered. The reoul t
provides a useful new for the pf monopoloG.
952. Opat G. I. Phys.Lett.,1976, vol.60B, No 2, pp.205-206.
LIMITS PLACED ON THE EXISTENCE OF MAGNETIC CHARGE
IN THE PROTON BY THE GROUND STATE HYPERFINE SPLITTDJG
OF HYDROGEN
If the proton contained equal amounts of opposite
magnetic charges, as is required by certain "quark" modele,
the fermi contact part of the hyperfine interaction would
change markedly. This is tur'".'"t would afJ.:ect the ground
state hyperfine splitting of atomic hydrogen. Comparison 0"'
the theoretical and experimental values of the hyperfine
splitting yields Jr =-(1.6 2.7) x 10-
6
, where or is
the fraction of the proton magnetic moment due to the magnetic
charges. d is well consistent wi th zero.
953. O'Raifeartaigh L. Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies,

GAUGE AND REPRESEnTATION INDEPENDENT PROOF
OF THE GUTH-VIEIlffiERG THEORET;I
954. Ore F., Jr. Phys.Rev.,1976, 8, pp.2295-2299.
LORENTZ INVARIANCE OF CHARGE-MONOPOLE SCATTERING
The eikonal apprOXimation is applied to the scattering
of an electric charge by an infini tely [ilassi ve scalar ::.agne-
tic charge using Schwinger's model for the interactions. 'l'ne
resulting scattering amplitude is seen to be Lorentz-invariant
if the charges satisfy the Schvnnger condition eg/41l =integer
955. otgonsuren 0., Perelygin V. P., stetsenko s. G., Gavrilova Ti. H. ,
Fieeni C.,Pellas P. Astrophys.J.,1976,vol.210,No 1,pp.258-66.
ABUNDANCES OF Z > 52 JruCLEI IN GALACTIC COSMIC RAYS:
LONG-TERM AVERAGES BASED ON STUDIES OF PALLASITES
Principally a heavy experiment. Get an upper lirrlit of 10-
18
cm-
2
s sr for flux of monopoles with g 4 in interstellar
space.
956. Pagels H. Phys.Rev,1976, vol.n1), No 2,pp.343-445.
SOME REMARKS ON THE U(1 )-AXIAL PROBI.lEM OF
QUANTUM CHRO;/10DYNAMICS
Previously proposed solutions to the U
A
(1) problem or
ninth axial-vector current problem, are reviewed and a new
solution proposed. We point out that in the presence of
. ,-a ~ r:-o..,
magnet1.c gauge charges the anomalous term tol.fJ r:. is not
a total divergence. This implies that the U
A
(1) symmetry is
explicitly broken.
957. Parkash 0., Rajput B.S.
Indian J.Phys.,1976, vol.50,
No 11, pp.32')-941.
STUDY OF FIELDS ASSOCIATED WITH SPIIJ-I PARTICLES
CARRYInG ELECTRIC AnD fi1AGNETIC CHARGES
It has been shovm that e l e t ~ i and magr.etic fields due
to spin-1 particles carrying electric and magnetic charges are
sywmetrical. In order to avoid the arbitrary string variables
in the solution of field equations, two four-potentials are
introduced and it has been shovm that their components are
proportional to electric and magnetic currents source denoitie
reprectively.
r
958. Patkos A. Nucl.Phys. ,1976, vol.B112, No 2,pp.333-348.
SEMISTRONG COUPLING IN THE HIGGS HODEL
The semistrong coupling limit of the Higgs model is
defined. The existence of approximate curved flux-tube solu-'
tions is exhibited, also in the theory with "magnetic" mono-
poles. The quantization of the small oscillations of the
infinitely long; stright vortex is investigated. Its quantum-
mechanical stability is discussed.
95J. Patkos A. Roland EotvQS Univ.,ITP-)66, nudapest,1976.
NON-ABELIAN VORTEX-BOND MODEL OF MDRONS
Points out problems of extending magnetic, quark confinement
to non-Abelian theories. I
960. Patrascioiu
Calif.Univ.,UCSD-10P10-169,San Diego,1976.
OLASSICAL EUCLIDEAN SOLUTIONS
961. PHYSICS llliWS IN 1976, p.38.
FERMIONS MADE OF BOSOlTS-A SURPRISnW THEORETICAL
CONSTRUCT
Jackiw and Rebbi and Hasenfratz and 't Hooft get 1/2 integer
spin from integral spin. Goldhaber then showed composite had
proper statistics.
962. Prasad M.K. and Sommerfield C.M. Nucl. Phys. ,1976, vol. B11'
No 1, pp.153-172.
SOLUTIONS OF CLASSICAL GAUGE-FIELD THEORIES
WITH SPIN AND INTERNAL S YMMETR Y
We examine finite-dimensional matrix solutions to the
equations of classical gauge field theories and interpret theI
in terms of soli tions wi th spin and symmetry. The
equations are reduced to relations among scalar
which turn out to be the same as those obtained for spinless
soli tions wi th no internal degrees of .;,:'reedom, both for sphe-
rically synmetric and cylindrically symmetric situations.
General formulas are derived for the invariant magnetic field
associated with the theory. In the spherical case with
of freedom corresponding to spin 1/2 and isospin 1/2 we find
that the soli tions are monopoles wi th raagnetic charge satisry-
ing the quantization condition eg=1/2. Finally, we discuss
the difficulties with our interpretation.
96.3. Price P. B. In: MAGNETIS11I AND MAGNETIC MATEHIALS-1976,
1st Joint 1ffi!M-INTERMAG Conference) Pittsburg, USA,15-17 June,
1976, No .34,
THE MAGl-JETIC MONOPOLE
In a complex stack' of balloon-borne track detecLOl'n,
one fast particle left tracks consistent with those cxpecLcd
for a magnetic monopole of strength 137e, traveling with nbou1
half the speed of light. The evidence has been criticized,
and it has been argued that the tracko could have been leit
by a doubly fragmenting platinum nucleus traveling with 0.'7
times the speed 0::':' light. Extensive tests and cali bratioYif.i
the various detectors are still in progress. 'rhey appear,how-
ever, to rule out the doubly fragmenting platinum nucleus and
to set extremely low confidence levelo. for any knovm p2.!'ticle
to have produced the track. It can never be "proved" thnt thi::>
event was caused by a monopole, but the e/idence is now strong
that the event is unique and warrants further searches.
Price P. B. In: 1JEW PATHWAYS IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS,
Proc. of Orbis Scientiae held by the center for Theoreticnl
Studies, Uni versi ty of Miamy. Ed. A. Perlmutter, Pler,um, r;ew
York, 1976. vol.1, pp.167-214.
STATUS OF THE EVIDENCE FOR A rJIAGN'ETIC MONO?OLE
Very thorough review of PSOP in light of critics comments
and later experioental data.
965. Price P.B.
Bull.Amer.Phys.Soc.,1976, vol.21, no 1,p.61.
THE MAGNETIC MONOPOLE: FACT OR FICTION?
966. Price P.B., Shirk E.K., Hagstrom R., and Osborne \'I.z.
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, LBL-5355,
FURTHER STUDIES OF THE MONOPOLE CANDIDATE:
Calibration with cosmic rays suggests j 0.7 in Lexan but
0.35 fJ 0.58 in emulsion. Suggest event is monopole,
highly charged particle or highly charged anti-particle.
967. Rajasekavan G.
Madras Univ., preprint,1976.
FIELD THEORY OF EXTENDED OBJECTS
968. Prokh'.ratilo, E. V., Frankl V. A. (SSSR), vol. 2,
No 4, pp. 856-860(1 (In Russian).
English translation in : Sov.J.Nucl.Phys.(USA). received:
Nov. 1976.
FERMIONS In FIELD OF THE IT HOOFT-POLYAKOV
MONOPOLE
A possibility of fermion binding by the tt Hooft-Polyak01
classical monopole is discueed. It is shown that such bound
states exist if the fermions interact with the Higgs field.
969. Reeami E., Mignani R.
pp.41-43.
No 1,
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND TACHYONS IN Sl)ECIAL RELATIVITY
The mere special relativity does not explicitly predict
existence of (sub-luminal) monopoles, but on the contrary
explicitly predict existence of super-luminal (tachyon)
poles, with charge about 100 times less thai usually
assumed. This fact is relevant also at the light of current
experiments looking for magnetic poles.
970. Reeami E.,Mignar.i R., Ziino G. Recent development in:
RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM FIELD THEORY AIm ITS APPLICATION .
13-th vnnter School of vol.2,
pp.267-312.
-
ABOUT TACHYONS AND MAGNETIC MOnOPOLES IN QUANTUM
FIELD THEORY AND CLASSICAL PHYSICS
971. Recami E. and Mignani R. In the 1976 volume in honour of'
Professor W.Heisenberg.
972. Riegert R.J.
pp.121-155.
vol.1S
t
No 2,
QUANTIZED SINGULARITIES IN THE GRAVITATIONAL FIELD
The Cabibbo-Ferrari derivation of the Dirac charge
quantization condition in electromagnetism is extended to !;he
gravitational field. This is by uoe of the pnth-
dependent formaliom pioneered by Mandelstam. As a result, wo
find that the Bianchi identity generalizes to include a
quantized, singular source term for the dual Riemann tensor.
Under reasonable assumptions, this source term is proportional
to the divergence of the tensor, leadir:g to a
quantized violation of local energy conservation. Specifically,
it is found that the magnitude of the time rate 0:( appearance
of three-momentum in any of three-space must be an
integer multiple of Jc
4
/2G. Some physical aspects of this energ;
non-conservation are briefly considered
. 973. Rosenbaum D., Barut A.O. Phys. Today, Dec. 1':)76, p.46 ...
MORE ON MOnOPOLES
974. Ross R.R. In: IN HIGH ElffiRGY PHYSICS.
Pore. of ORBIS SCIETITIAE, held by the Center tor Theoretical
Studies,University of Miami,1976. Ed. Perlmutter, Plenum Press,
New York and Londor:, 1 'J76, pp. 151-166.
EXPERIMENTAL SEARCHES FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
Analysis of the sensitivity of previous negati7e searGhes
for magnetic monopoles shows that they prior evidencE
against the monopole interpretation of the event reported as
"evidence for detection of a soving magnetic monopole". The
.strength of th evidence varies with the unknovm mass of the
monopole. For M less than/or equal to 10
5
GeV, odds are
greater thar: 10
6
: 1 agianst. For larger masses, the limits
depend strongly on assumptions about the range of monopoles
and the threshold for detection of monopole tracks in obsidie.n.
In no case are the odds less than 8 : 1 and they may be no
less than 8000 : 1 against. Since the reported event may also
be due to an electrically charged heavy particle, it is pro-
bably not due to a monopole.
. 975. Ross R ,R.
Lawrence Berkely Lab., LBL-4665-Berkeley,1976
EXPERIMENTAL SEARCHES FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
976. Sawada T. Department of Physics, Tokyo University of
Education, TUETP-76-6, Tokyo, Japan,1976.
PROPOSAL TO CONFIRM THE STROiJG VAN DEH WAALS
INTERACTION IN THE LOW ENERGY P-P SCA1"rERING
It is that the low energy p-p especially
the Wisconsin data, already indicate the existence of the
strong long-range force exerting between the nucleons, which
is expected GO occur in the magnetic monopole model of hnd-
rons. In arriving at the conclusion, the detailed inforuation
concerning the two-pion exchar:ge spectrum is not required.
It is proposed to measure accurately ar.guler distribution
of the proton-proton scattering at low energy (0.1 MeV
T 20 MeV), and to estimate the power (>
range tail of the extra nuclear potential:
of the long-
V(R)"", -
977. Schaposhnik F.A.
pp.246-24tJ.
Lett. j'Juovo Cim., 1976, vol. 17, No 7,
A POWER SERIES SOLUTION OF THE 'T HOOFT-POLYAKOV
MONOPOLE
The purpose of this note is to show that, with the aid
of conservation laws, one can easily decouple the equation
of motion corresponding to the magnetic-monopole solution or'
't Hooft-Polyakov. thus obtaining analytical solutim:s ii. the
form of series s and asymptotic beha'.riour or' vector
and scalar fields.
"
978. Schechter J. Phys.Rev.,1976, vol. D14, No 2, pp.524-527.
YANG-MILLS PARTICLE IN 'T HOOFT GAUGE FIELD
We investigate the classical motion of a Yang-Mills test
particle in an external field given by tt Hooft's monopole
solution. For large distances the space;motion is that of a
charged particle in a magnetic-monopole' field. It is di:':;:'e-
rent at small distances though. We also find the asymptotic
. :r
solution for the motion of the particleo ,i$ospin vector and
discuos its interpretation.

979. Schwartz A.S.
364.
vol.B112, No 2, pp.J58-
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN GAUGE THEORIES
Magnetic monopoles in gauge theories are
Let G be the gauge "'group and H the group of synunetrteo
which are not spontaneously broken. The existence of magnetic
monopoles is proved in the case when the group G has a
compact covering group but the covering group of H is nOL-
compact.
980. Schwartz A.S. 4-th International Symposium on Nonlocal
Field Theories, Alushta,USSR,1976. Joint Institute for Nuclear
Research,1J76, JIlffi,D2-9788, pp.224-240.
TOPOLOGICALLY NONTRIVIAL SOLITIONS OF CLASSICAL
EQUATIONS AND THEIR ROLE IN QUANTUM FIELD THEORY
Some applications of topology especially for
.of solitions are discussed. The extremals of euclidean
for the Yang-liIills :field are. considered. The existence of the
magnetic in the gauge theories is discussed. In
conclusion some two-dimensional models are studied.
981. Schwinger J . , Mi I ton K. A., Wu-Yang T., DeRaad L. L. ,Jr. ,
Clark D.C. Ann.Phys.(USA), 1976, vol. 101, No 2, pp.451-
495.
NON-RELATIVISTIC DYON-DYON SCATTERING
The non-relativistic problem of the scattering of two
dyons (including the case of electron scattering by magnetic
monopoles) is systematically studied, both classically and quan
tum -mechanically, with a view toward the discrimination bet-
ween various combinations electric and magnetic charges. The
classical cross section is analysed with particular attentior:
to the interesting phenomena which occur for large angle scat-
tering, the "rainbows" and "glory", where the cross section
becomes infinite. Quantum-mechanically, these infinitieo do
not occur and, when the partial wave scattering amplitude is
summed, a very elaborate structure emerges for the croos oec-
tion, which depends sensi tively upon the electric and
charges of the particles, as well as on their relative speed.
982. Senjapovic P.I. Ann.Phys.,1976, vol.100, pp.227-261.
PATH INTEGRAL FORUULATION OF FIELD THEORIES
WITH SECOND-CLASS CONSTRAINTS
Faddeev's Hamiltonian path integral method for singular
Lagrangians is generalized to the case when second-claes
constraints appear in the theory. The genral formalism io then
applied to several problems: quantization of the massive Yang-
14ills field theory, light-cone quantization of the self-inter-
acting scalar tield theory, and quantization of a local field
theory of magnetic monopoles.
983. Shankar R. Phys.Rev.,1976, vol.D14, lJo 4, pp.1107-1116.
MORE SO(3) P.IONOPOLES
A recipe is presented for constructing solutions
within spontaneously broken gauge theories of Lorentz scalars
and gauge bosons, to higher dimensional scalar
fields which are (2n + 1)-dimensional irreducible representa-
tions of the gauge group SO(3), given the topologically stable
static solution of 't Hooft and Polyak07 (1974) lor the n=1
field. Details are given for the n=2 case, and the generality
of the approach is discussed.
984. Shankar R. Lyman Lab. of Phys., Harward ULiv. ,Harv;ard
preprint, Cambridge,1976.
THE SO(3) MONOPOLE CATALOG
of monopoly, the study of topologically stable
solutions like the tt Hooft-Polyakov monopole.
985. Sharma S. P. J.Phys.Educ.,1976, vol.4, No 1, pp.6-10.
MAG1ffiTIC MONOPOLES: RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT
The historic developments connected with the search for
a magnetic monopole are traced. The theoretical considerations
which lead to the belief of its existence are outlined. The
symmetry achieved in the Maxwell's equations by the introduc-
tion of the concept of a magnetic monopole is brought out.
Experimentolinvestigations carried out in search of the
'monopole, the production ar:d extraction area, etc. are desc-
ribed.Work done by the Berkeley-HowJton group on monopole and
the various criticism appearing on these investigations, the
present status and future prospects, etc. are reported.
986. Singh V. Phys. News, 1976, vol. 7, no ), pp. 78-87.
APPROACHES TO HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
An overview of the present state of the art in high
energy physics is presented highlighting the development of
electrodynamics. The role of the quantum numbers Signed to
quarks are explained. Lepton-hadror: scattering and hadron-
hadron scattering are discussed. The quark-parton model of the
nucleon is explained. The recently discovered y resonances
and the consequent introduction of new quantum number "cha.rm"
are mer,tioned. ?Jext, Yang-Mills gauge theories, the unifica-
tion of weak and electromagnetic interactions and the. concept
of weak neutral currents are discussed. Gauge theories of
strong interactions, quantum chroDodynamics and the concept
of "bags" are explained. :Magnetic monopoles (soli tions) are
described vnth basis on non-linear field theories.High
bounds in the axiomatic field theory are The genersl
properties of S-matrix elements obtained in a quantum local
field theory are mentioned. Lastly, the shifting of the reli-
ance on field concepts to other approaches, especially through
S-matrix and the application of Regge poles and cuts is
explained. The duality hypothesis is postulated to explain
processes such as pp >- -pp wi th the pomeron exchange concept.
Dual models of strong interactions are discussed. Future
trends are indicated.
. 987. Sinha A. Phys.Rev.,1976, vol.D14, No 8, pp.2016-2022.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
We obtain the simplest examples of monopole solutions in
an gauge theory, corresponding to the generators of the
homotopy groups 7r;. (G/H). These monopoles are .charocterized
either by two Abelian magnetic charges when the reoidual
symmetry group H is U(1) x U(1) or by combined Abelian ond
non-Abelian magnetic charges when the residual symmetry group
is U(2). The magnetic charges do not always satisfy the I)irnc
quantization condition, but do satisfy a generalized "quanti-
zation" condition.
988. snyder R. Amer.J.Phys.,1976, vol.44, No 12, pp.1181-11E3J.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE AND CHARGED PAHTICJJE
IONIZATION CROSS SECTIOnS
Classical mechanics is used to show why magnetic
can be distinguished from charged particles by their ioniza-
tion properties. Also, simple derivations are given of ion-'
atom ionization cross sections.
989. Sokolov V.V. Yad.Fiz.,1976, vol.2J, p.628.
THEORY OF MAGNETIC J.IONOPOLES AND THE DIRAC-
SCHWINGER QUANTIZATION COIJDITIOJ'T WITHOUT
STRINGS
Motion of non-relativistic system consisting of a poine
charge and a monopole is considered. The Lagrangian and
canonical formalism free from of the usual
Dirac string theory is constructed wi t;h no introduction 0:::' a
potential singular on the string. In particular, the theory
is invariant under rota1;ions from the very beginning. The
equations of motion are quantized by means of the standard
methods. The known Dirac condition eg/4'7( = n. /2 (VI is
an integer) is obtained as a consequence of quantization of
the angular momentum projection of the system on its symmetry
axis.
990. Sokolov v.v. Sov.J.Nucl.Phys.,1976, vol.2J, p.JJO.
THEORY OF r.iAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND THE DffiAC-
SCHV'IINGER QUANTIZATION CONDITION WITHOUT
STRIUGS
991. sokolov v. v. Inst. of lYuc 1. Phys, Si berian Branch of Acad.
of Sci.SSSR, INP 76-)0, Novosibirsk, 1976.
ON THE OF MAGNETIC CHARGE
The cause of appearance 01' magnetic field singularity
line (string) in the theory of Dirac n ~ n o p o l is assertained.
It is shown that this singularity is connected with multiple-
valued dependence of azimuth angle on a point of space and is
therefore, purely kinematic." After the mentioned dependence
is taken into account, the continuation of string is remo"/ed
"from classical and quantum equations of motion and Poisson
brackets.
992. stevens D.M., Collins G.B., Ficenec J.R., Trower W.P.,
Fischer J. and Iwata S. Phys.Re"",.. ,1976, vol.D14,Noj,
pp.2207.-2218.
SEARCH FOR MULTIPHOTON EVENTS FROM PROTON-
NUCLEI INTERACTIONS AT 300 GeV/c
We have measured angular energy, and multiplicity
distributions of mul tiphoton e'rents produced in proton-
nuclei interactions at 300 GeV/c. The dominant features at thes
these events are explained by knovm processes; however, a few
multiphoton events inconsistent \nth known processes are
found at a level at ~ 10-
7
per proton interaction.
993. Strazhev V.I., Kruglov S.I. Izv.Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR,
sere fiz.-mat.,1976, No 2, pp.71-76.
CHARGE QUANTIZATION CONDITIOn AND ERE:NFEST
THEOREM(In Russian)
It is shown that realization of charge quantization
condition is necessary to correlate quantum-mechanical and
classical description of magnetic charge interaction
994. Strazhev V.I., Shkol'nikov P.L. Izv.Akad. Nauk Belorussk.
SSR, sere fiz.-mat., 1976, No J, pp.80-84.
ON LAGRANGIAN FORMULATIOn OF DUALLY-SYJAMETRIC
CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS (In Russian)
Variational princip for classical electrodynamics of
dually-charged particles is formulated on the basis of a
two-potential approach.It is shown that at a correspondinr:
redetermination of the potentials the developed formalism
is equivalent to singularity potential approach.
995. Strocchi F. Phys.Lett.,1976, vol.65B, No 5, pp.447-449.
SPONTANEOUS BREAKING OF ELECTRIC-MAGNETIC
CHARGE-SYMI'.'IETRY IN LOCAL QUANTUM FIELD THEORY
It is shown that in local quantum field theory with
electric and magnetic currents, duality transformations are
always spontaneously broken.
Possible implications are discussed leading to the
screening of magnetic charge and the failure of the cluster
property as in two-dimensional quantum electrodynamics.
996. Strocchi F. Princeton,1976.
SPONTANEOUS BREAKIllG OF ELECTRIC-MAGNETIC CHARGE
SYMMETRY
997. Sugawa H. Phys.Rev.,1976, vol.D14, No 10, pp.2764-2772.
THEORY OF QUARK COi'J""FTNEMENT BASED ON AN ANALOGY
WITH A THEORY OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
A nonlocal theory of quark is proposed.
The confinement is achieved by ger.ralizing the theory of
magnetic monopoles. Monopoles and. quarks satisfy stmilar
equations of motion, at least fOr17lally, except that th9
string attached to the monopoles is whereas the
string which originates from the quarks carries the energy_
998. Sugawa H. Proceedings of INS Winter Meeting on Particle
Physics, Institute for Nuclear Study,University of Tokyo,
INS-PT-29, TokYo,1976, pp.93-95.
QUARKS AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
999. Sugawa H. Ko-ENERUGI BUTSURIGAKU KEnKYUSHO (National
Laboratory for High Energy Physics), Tsukuba,1976.
THEORY OF QUARK CONFnmMENT BASED ON ANALOGY
WITH MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
1000.Tayler R. J.
pp. 69P-71 P.
Mon.Not.R.Astron. Soc.,1976, vol.176, No 3,
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AnD COSMOLOGY
If particles can exist bearing magnetic monopoles, it
seems very unlikely that many could have survived the early
stages of a hot big-bang universe. This conclusion follows
from the assumption that magnetically charged particles carry
no other quantum numbers, which are not carried by conven-
tional particles. The unimportance of such magnetically charge
particles is due to the samll value of the fine structure
constant. If magnetically charged particles carry additional
quantum numbers substantial numbers may have survived the big-
bang but it is difficult to discuss this possibility quanti-
tatively except to say that most are probably in the form of
magnetic atoms.
1001.Tarashenkov V.I., Tomol'chik L.M. Preprint Inst.of Phys.,
Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR, No 96,1976.
SOJ .. 'IE PROBLEMS OF THE T'rlEORY OF ELECTRIC AND
MAGNETIC CHARGE INTERACTIOn
The work is dedicated to the analysis of quantum-mechanical
aspects of electric and magnetic charge interaction. The
existence of a limit of magnetic charge theory in
Lagrangian and Hamiltonian form is investigated. The
for the benefit of a non-classical character of the "Dirac veto
are given. Differentiation procedure of Singular potentials
is built in terms of generalized function theory and a corres-
ponding generalization of Poisson classical brackets is sug-
gested. It is shown that algebraic model of electric and mag-
netic charge interaction not connected with a definite deter-
mination of singular potentials is internally opened. Pulse-
transfer cross section theorem is generalized for the case of
electric charge non-relativistic scattering in a monopole
field. The preserving angular moment and eeneralized operator
of the space inversion are built and states dingonalizing
them are found for the Barut non-relativistic dyon model with
pseudoscalar magnetic charge.
1002. Thebaud L.R.
1680.
Phys.Rev.,1916, vol.D14, No 6, pp.161J-
NON-ABELIAN MAGNETIC CHARGE AND LORENTZ
INVARIANCE
Attempts are made to construct a generalization of
magnetic-charge theory to non)Abelian groups, retaining
the symmetry of electric and magnetic charge dynamics.It
is shown why the automatically gauge- and Lorentz-invariant
path-dependent formalism of Mandelstam does not allow such
8 generalization. Strict gauge invariance and manifest
Lorentz invariance are then abandoned in favour of a fully
quantized field theory with all required properties, inclu-
ding a generalized charge quantization condition. It is
concluded from the failure of locality in this model that
such a generalization is probably inmocpatible with Lorentz
invariance.
1003. Thomsen D.E. Sci.New ,1916, vol.109, No 8, pp.122-12).
MonOPOLES OUGHTN'T BE A MONOPOLY
1004. Tomboulis E.
p.221.
and Woo G. Nucl.Phys.,1976, vol.B107,
SOLITION QUANTIZATION IN GAUGE THEORIES
A collective coordinate method is developed to construct
-8 perturbation expansion for the single solition sector of
8 gauge theory. As a preliminary, in order to illustrate
,
the details of the method, it is first used in the context
of 8 simple two-dimensional Abelian gauge model. It is then
applied to the study of the spectrum of charged monopole
states in the SU(2) Yang-Mills model with a triplet of Higgs
scalars.
1005. Tomiltchik L.M. Phys.Lett.,1976, vol.B61, No 1,pp.50-52.
SPACE REFLECTIon SYMMETRY AND THE PSEUDO-SCALAR
MAGNETIC CHARGE
Conserned angular momentum and generalized space
reflection operators are built for the non-relativistic
dyonium with the pseudoscalar magnetic charge and states
diagomalizing them are found. These states belong to dif-
ferent spinor classes provided one uses integer or half-
integer numbers in the charge quantization condition.
1006. Tomiltchik L.M. The works of the 4-th Soviet Conference
on Classical and Qunatum Theory of Gravitation, Minsk,1976,
p.68.
ON GEOMETRICAL SENSE OF DUALLY-INVARAINT FIELDS
IN RYINICH-iVHEELER-MIZNER THEORY
1007. Toussaint D. and Wilczek F. Princeton University,Print-
76-0989, Princeton, New Jersey,1976.
T HOOFT MOnOPOLES IN LARGER GAUGE GROUPS
1008. Troost W. and Vinciarelli P. European organization for
Nuclear Research, CERN-TH-2195, Geneva,1976
.
MONOPOLES FROM DIPOLES
Monopole-solitions exist in a wide class of theories
of vector or spinor fields in interactions with the c.m.
field, of which non-Abelian gauge theories are only a special
example. Their existence does not rely on any specific me-
chanism of spontaneous symmetry breakdown, such as the Higgs
mechanism. It originates from the non-linear dynamics of the
.
e.m. field in interaction with matter fields carrying an
elementary magnetic moment. The monopole charge is built
from an accumulation of magnetic dipoles at one point, with
an energy expense which is finite if the anomalous component
of the magnetic moment is positive. New examples of monopole
solitions are presented with monopole charge equal to the
Dirac unit (spinor case) or twice this unit (vector case).
The identification of spinors with electrons and positrons
leads to a relatively light monopole: the calculntion bused
on non-relativistic spinors, yields E =lUlT/xI)';11e =4.3 GcV,
which is expected to provide an upper bound on the actuul
mass.
1009. Troost W. and Vinciarelli P. Phys.Lett.,1976,vol.63B,
No 4, pp.453-455.
SPIN AND ISOSPIN IN A GAUGE THEORY WITH
MONOPOLES
The mechanism by which systems of spinless bosons
with isospin and spinless magnetic monopoles acquire a
spin in their ground states is investigated in the con-
text of SU(2) gauge models. Contrary to recent claims, it
is demonstrated that isospin degrees of freeedom are not
converted into spin degrees of freedom. For a spin 1/2
state, solutions are explicitly constructed exhibiting the
isospin degree of freedom.
1010. Tze H.C. and Ezawa Z.F.
pp.1006-1020.
Phys.Rev.,1976, vol.D14, No 4,
GLOBAL SIGNATURES OF GAUGE INVARIANCE:
VORTICES AND MONOPOLES
A comprehensive topological classification of vortices
and their end-point Dirac monopoles is formulated in gauge
theories with an arbitrary compact Lie group_ By way of
homotopy theory, a simple analysis is presented for the
global groups U(1), 0(3) and SU{2) , then SU(N)/ZN and
SU(N). Finite vortices are achieved through the complementa-
rity of Dirac strings and the model lines of the Higgs
fields. In general, the varieties of topologically distinct
vortices or monopoles are determined solely by the con-
nectivity of the global group specified by a discrete funda-
mental group. The close connection between our work and the
Wu-Yang global formulation of gauge fields is pointed out
. ;
1011. Vasilenko A.T., Zrelov V.P.:Kollarova L.,Lupilttsev V.P.,
Pavlovic P.,Ruzicka J., Sidorova V.I., Shabashov M.F.,
v
Sulek P., Janik R. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research,
JINR-13-10074, Dubna,1976.
INSTALLATION FOR DIRAC MONOPOLE SEARCH ON
.'
VAVILOV-ClIERENKOV RADIATION AT THE 70 GEV
. ..
IPBE PROTON SYNCl-ffiO'l'RON
'An installation is described which is used for the
Dirac monopole search on the internal beam of the 10 GeV
proton synchrotron of Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation and its
characteristic polarization. The idea of the experiment is
briefly described, and its advantages over the other expe-
riments on magnetic charge search are noted. The'characteris-
tics of the main units of the installation is given. Brief
data on its efficiency are presented. A conclusion on the
prospects for the use of such installations on larger ac-
celerators is made.
1012. Venturi G. Nuovo Cimento,1916, vol.J1A, No 1,pp.19-88.
MONOPOLES AND THE HIGGS MODEL
The introduction of magnetic charges in a Higgs Lag-
rangian is studied in the limit for which the gauge field
becomes very massive. It is found that in such a case the
scalar Higgs field may be confined to the
the equivalent of the Dirac condition is found for the case
of a point charge and a massive gauge field and it is seen
that there is no constraint between "electric and magnetic
charges". Rather it appears that the world area traced out
by the string on looping it around an electric charge is
, quantized.
1013. Villarroel D.
pp.501-511.
Nuovo Cimento Lett.,1916, vol.15, No 14,
A NEW TWO-POTENTIAL APPROACH FOR ELECTRIC
AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
'It is reconsidered the two-potential formalism for the
treatment of the electromagnetic field interacting with
electric and magnetic charges. The latter introduces a new
approach to the problem which like in the Zwanzigerts proce-
dure, integrates directly Maxwell equations but uses a dif-
ferent particular solution of the inhomogeneous Maxwell
equations. The properties of the obtained solutions are
discussed.
1014. Villarroel D.
3357.
Phys.Rev.,1976, vol.D14, No 12, pp.JJ50-
HAMILTONIAN FORMULATIons WITHOUT AND WITH
STRINGS FOR ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGES
We do not introduce potentials in either case. Thin
allows us to see very clearly the necessity of and the
role played by the string in a canonical formalism. The ten
generators of the Poincare group are explicitly ShOWY1. How-
ever, bproof" of the relativistic covariance of the canoni-
cal formulation is based on the highly singular equation
defining the string. The quantum theory associated with
our canonical description is the Schwinger field theory.
1015. Vinciarelli P. In: llIDERSTANDING THE FllmAMENTAL
CONSTITUENTS OF MATTER, Proc. of the 1976 Int.School of
Subnuclear Phys. (UATO-MPI-MR.ST Advanced Study Inst.) held
in Evice, Trapani, Sicily, July 2J-August 8,1976. Plenum
Press, new York,1978, pp.799-839.
MOnOPOLES
1016. Vinciarelli P. European Organization for Nuclear
Research, CERN-TH-2246, Geneva,1976.
MONOPOLES
Review of paper "MOnOPOLE FROIl1 DIPOLES" in more detail.
Prediction:
Several mass prediction including E= (V2T1 /0<.'2.) 'Vl'1
e
=43 GeV.
,
1017. Vinciarelli P. Second Adriatic Summer Meeting on Particle
Physics,1976,p.185.
MONOPOLES
1018. Wang M. Y.
pp.505-506.
Nuovo Cimento Lett.,1976, vol.15, No 14,
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE, QUARK CONFI:NENIENT
AND GRAVITATIONAL EFFECTS
Recent discoveries of heavy particles indirectly
support the existence of quarks, but attempts to isolate
and observed the quarks have failed to date. Thio leads
to the suggestion that possibly quarks can never appear
singly and istead are confined. The note wants to demonst-
rate that due to the magnetic monopole of the quarks,qunrks
are confined by the graVitation. The results are followed
by a recently found exact solution of Einstein-J\Iaxwell equa-
tions.
1019. Weaver D.L.
pp.52-61.
Ann. Phys. (l!SA) , 1976, vol. 101, No 1,
GENERALIZED CHIRAL Sl'MMETRY
A generalized chiral symmetry is shown to exist for
all massless particles and for some descriptions of massive
particle theories. In addition, symmetries analogous to the
generalized chiral symmetry are described, especially for
spin one-half.
1020. Weinberg E.J. and Guth A.H. Phys.Rev.,1976, vol.D14,
No 6, pp.1660-1662.
NON-EXISTENCE OF SPHERICALLY SYMMETRIC
MONOPOLES WITH MULTIPLE MAGNETIC CHARGE
We show that in a spontaneously broken SU(2) gauge theory
there are no field configurations vvi th magnetic charge > 1
which are both spherically symmetric and of finite energy.
1021. Winterberg F. Z.fur Naturforschung,1976, vol.31A,p.498.
OCCURRENCE OF ULTRASTRONG FIELDS IN
NUCLEAR SHOCK WAVES
Suggests transient magnetic fields up to 10
18
gauss
may be present in fast heavy nuclei collisions resulting
in monopole production.
1022. WU T.T. and yang C.N. Nucl.Phys.,1976, vol.B107,
No 8, pp.365-380.
DIRAC MONOPOLE WITHOUT STRINGS: MONOPOLE HARMONICS
Using the ideas developed in a previous paper which
are barrowed from the mathematics of fibre bundles, it is
shown that the wave function of a particle of charGe
Ze around a Dirac monopole of strength g should be
regarded as a section. The section is without discontinui-
ties. Thus the monopole does not possess strings of singu-
larities in the field around it. The eigensections of the
angular momentum operators are monopole harmonics which
are explicitly exhibited.
1023. WU T.T. and Yang C.N. Institute of Theoretical Physics,
ITP SB 76-11, stony Brook,1976.
, DIRAC MONOPOLE WITHOUT STRINGS: MONOPOLE HARMONICS
1024. Wu T.T. and Yang C.N.
pp.437-445.
Phys.Rev.,1976, vol.D14, No 2,
DIRAC'S MONOPOLE WITHOUT STRINGS:
CLASSICAL LAGRANGIAN THEORY
The non-quantum-mechanical interaction of a Dirac
magnetic monopole and a point charge through the electro-
magnetic field is studied. A classical action integral
which is multiple-valued is found. Stability of this action
integral against variations of the world lines of the point
charge and the monopole and against variations of the electro-
magnetic potentials, yields the correct Lorentz equations
of motion of the particles and the Maxwell equations for the
,
field. No strings are introduced in the formalism.
1025. Wyld H.W. and Cutler R.T. Phys.Rev.,1976, vol.D14,
No 6, pp.1648-1659.
FLUX TUBES, MONOPOLES AND THE MAGNETIC
CONFINEMENT OF QUARKS
A numerical study is made of the gauge field model
of magnetic confinement. The nonlinear differential equations
describing a flux tube are solved by a relaxation method.
Particular attention is paid to the boundary conditions at
the center of the flux tube. We also study numerically

the 't Hooft monopole and a flux tube of finite length,
e.i. a quark-antiquark pair a finite distance apart.
1026. Yang C. N. In: THE FUNDAMENTAL CONSTITU -
ENTS OF MATTER. Proc. of the 1976 Int.School of Subnuclenr
Phys. (NATO- PI-MRST Advanced Study Inst.) held in Erice,
Trapani, Sicily, July 23-August 8,1916.
Plenum Press, New York,1978, pp.53-84.
MONOPOLES AND FIBRE BUNDLES
1027. Yock P.C.M.
1321.
Phys.Rev.,1916, vol.D13, No 5, pp.1316-
NEW WEAKLY DECAYInG PARTICLES AND SUBNUCLEONS
A model of heavy, highly electrically charged hadron
constituents termed "subnucleons" was proposed previously.
Recently experimental evidence has been obtained for new
particles with lifetimes 10-
12
- 10
14
sec. Here a pos-
sible classicifatior. for them is given in terms of above-
mentioned model. The most prominent of the new particles
is pred,icted to have a mass slightly below 990 MeV and
to decay into r.:t'j/;) I e and fV':Y Experimental
I v
searches for highly electrically charged subnucleons are
also discussed. It is pointed out that a very recently
ed highly ionizing particles of a Berkeley-Houston group
may be a subnucleon. Scaling e+e- interactions and the J
. and ,YJ resonances are bri efly discussed. Comments on
. quarks , charm, the quark-parton model, and monopoles are
also made.
1028. Yougn K. Nuovo Cimento,1976, vol.BJ5, ser.2, No 2,
pp.195-202.
MONOPOLES AND DffiECT ACTION
A direct action, dependent only on particle paths, is
constructed to describe the interaction of changes and mo-
nopoles.This disproves a recent claim that such a direct
action does not exist.
1029. Zrelov V.P., Kollarova L., Kollar D., Lupil'tsev V.P.,
Pavlovic P., Ruzicka J., Sidorova V. I., Shabashov M. F. ,
Janik R. Czech.J.Phys.,1976, vol.B26, No 11, pp.130b-.
1318.
SEARCH FOR THE DIHAC MONOPOLE BY MEANS OF
VAVILOV-CHERENKOV RADIATION AT THE 70 GEV
IHEP PROTON SYNCHROTRON
A search was made for magnetic charges by means of
Cherenkov radiation and chqracteristic polarization at the
proton energy of 70 GeV on the internal target of the rEEP
(Inst. for High Energy Physics, Serpukhov) proton synchro-
tron. Eight Cherenkov counters of a special construction
served as detectors. Possible events were recorded with two
fast five-ray oscillographs trigged by 6-fold coincidences.
The efficiency of magnetic charge recording was about 10%.
The proton beam of 6.4 x 10
14
intensity traversed the target
radiator; not a single case was recorded of the production
of the Dirac monopole vnth magnetic charge within the region
of 2/3 g( g=68.5e) to 2g. This means that in the conditions
of the Experiment the upper boundary of the cross section
of the Dirac monopole production by 70 GeV protons per nuc-
leon of Si and 0 nuclei for magnetic charges of masses bet-
ween 3 and 5.5 mp was found to be (95%) 10-
40
cm
2

1977
10)0. Adawi I. Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D16, No 4, pp.12)2-12)4.
INTERACTION OF ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC
CHARGES
It is shovm classically that in a head-on collision
between an electric and magnetic charge a repulsive pola-
rization force of the form r-
5
results{ where r is the
distance between the charges), if one (both) charge(s) is
(are) s s i g n ~ d a finite spherical size. This force leads
to a minimum distance of approach and prevents one particle
from going through the other, and thus guards against the
violation of the conservation of angular momentum. Thi3
polarization force is a manifestation of the diamagnetism
(diaelectricity) of extended electric(magnetic) charges.
10)1. Anderson S.K. Noval postgradual School,Monterey,Califor-
nia, USA,1977, AD-A-042119.
THEORY OF DUAL-CHARGED PARTICLES
MASTER'S THESIS
In studying the interaction of dual-charged particles
(wi th both electric and magnetic charge), the introduction
of a two-dimensional charge space results in a set of dyna-
mical equations governing the behaviour of the system that
-
are invariant under rotation in charge space. Systems in
which all particles have the same magnetic to electric charge
-ratio are indistinguishable from conventional electro-dyna-
mic systems consisting of ordinary electric charges and
-electromagnetic fields. However, systems consisting of
particles with different charge ratios behave differently.
It is shown that for a hydrogen-like atom consisting of two-
dual-charged particles with different charge ratios, some
of the degeneracy within the hydrogen atom energy states is
removed.
10)2. Argyres E.N., Lam C.S. New York State University,preprint
Plattsburgh, 1977.
,
PHYSICAL MECHANISM FOR QUARK CONfINEMENT VIA
PSEUDOPARTICLES
10)). Artru X. Nucl. Phys. ,1977, vol. B129, No ), pp.415-428.
MONOPOLES, DUALITY, TRIALITY
I
The existence of magnetic charges could be a raison
d'etre not only for the quantization of electricity in
units 1/3e but also for the confinement of the quarks at
,
the end of "observable", "electric" Dirac strings ( quarks
have magnetic charge in this scheme). The Dirac quantiza-
tion condition is reviewed using a "sum over histories"
approach, and a more general result presented. A string
attached to the dyon ( e
1
,g2) is observable by a dyon (e
2
,
g2) unless (1-x)e
2
g
1
= nh, where x is an arbitrary
parameter which reflects an ambiguity in the action principle.
The Dirac andSchwinger-Zwanziger quantization rules are
special cases, vnth x=O and 1/2, respectively.
10)4. Artru X. Laboratoire de el Hautes Energies,
LPTHE 77-18, Orsay,1977.
MONOPOLES, DUALITY, TRIALITY
(Revised version)
10)5. Bais F.A., Primack J.R. Nucl.Phys.,1977, vol. B12),
No 2,
SPHERICALLY SYMMETRIC MONOPOLES IN NON-
ABELIAN GAUGE THEORIES
,-
A method for constructing point-singular spherically
symmetric monopoles in theories with an arbitrary compact
simple gauge group is developed.
10)6. Ballachandran A.P., Borchardt S., Stern A.'
University, SU-4211-102, New York,1977.
LAGRANGIAN-AND HAMILTONIAN DESCRIPTION OF
YANG-MILLS PARTICLES
Syracuse
10)7. Ballachandran A.P., Borchardt S., S.S., Stern A.,
Cahalan R., Ramachandran R., Rupertsberger M.
Syracuse University, SU-4211-97, New Y?rk, 1977.
J ',.. ,
ANALYCITY OF THE CHARGE-MONOPOLE SCATTERING
AMPLITUDE
1038. Banks T., Myerson R., Kogut J. Nucl.Phys.,1977, voi.B129
No 3, pp.493-510.
PHASE TRANSITIONS IN ABELIAN LATTICE
GAUGE THEORIES
We study the Euclidean partition function of Abelinn
lattice (gauge) theories in various dimensions. Using gene-
ralization of mathematical methods developed recently to
study the XY model in two dimensions, we obtain useful expre
ssions for the partition functions and physical pictures
of the phases of these more complicated theories. Approximat
duality relations dilute gas approximations yield estimates
of critical coupling constants which separate confining and
non-confining phases for the rotor model in three dimensions
and Abelian lattice gauge theory in four dimensions. Ger.erali
zations of this work to non-Abelian continuum theories are
discussed.
. '.
1039. Banks T., Myerson R., Kogut J. Princeton Inst. Advanced
Study, COO-2220-112,1977.
PHASE TRANSITIONS IN ABELIAN LATTICE GAUGE
THEORIES
1040. Barut A. o.
370.
Lett.Math.Phys.,1977, vol.1, No 5, pp.J67-
CHARGE QUANTIZATION CONDITION WITH N STRINGS:
A NEW INTERNAL QUANTUM NUMBER OF CHARGE-l'.IONOPOLE
SYSTEMS
'Dirac theory of magnetic poles is eqUivalent to a
Maxwell in which besides the point singulari
ties ( electric charges), extended singularities ( e.g. stri
strings) occur. The nature of singularities determine comple-
tely the theory, hence Betti numbers of space must occur as
quantum Magnetic charge is one of the fundamental
periods of the 2-form F.
1041. Barut A. o.
pp.415-422. I
Rep.Math.Phys. (GB),1977, vol.11, No ),
DE RHAM'CURRENTS, EXTENDED SINGULARITIES OF
FIELDS AND M A r ~ ~ I C MONOPOLES
The author applies De Rhamts concept of "currents" to
the treatment of extended singularities or discontinuities
,
of physical fields in a coordinate independent way In parti-
cular, he obtains a generalization of the theory of magnetic
monopoles when applied to the electromagnetic field.
1042. Barut A. O. Colorado University, Boulder,1977.
DE RHAM CURRENTS, EXTE1"'DED SINGULARITIES
OF FIELDS AND IV".u\G1TETIC MONOPOLES
1043. Bassetti B., Butera P., Cicuta G., Zanon D., Riva F.
Lett.Nuovo Cim.,1977, vol.20, No 1, pp.21-24.
DO SCALAR FIELDS MAKE INSTANTOS?
1044. Bassetti B., Butera P., Cicuta G., Zanon D., Riva F.
Instituto di Scienzi Fisiche Universita Degli Studi Di
Milano, IFUM-207-FT, Milano.1977.
DOSCALAR FIELDS MAKE INSTANTOS?
---
1045. Beker H. Bogazici Univ., FB-77-0J, Istanbul,1977.
SPATIALLY EXTENDED DYONS AND HADRON COLLISIONS
Using a hadron model with spatially extended dyon
constituents, hadron-hadron interactions are investigated
at a semi-classical level. It is seen that the model pre-
dicts a Van der Waals type force between two hadrons. Also
computed are the elastic scattering amplitudes and form
factors.
1046. Bender C.M., Egudi T., Pagels H.
st. Louis,Preprint, 1977.
Washington University
GAUGE-FIXING DEGENERACIES AND CONFINEMENT IN
NON-ADmLtAN GAUGE
1047. Benguria R., Cordero P., Teitelboim C.
vol.B122, No 1, pp.61-99.
Nucl.Phys. ,1977,
ASPECTS OF THE HAMILTONIAN DYNAMICS OF INTERACTING
GRA VITATIONAL GAUGE AND HIGGS FIELDS VlITH APPLICA-
TIONS TO SPHERICAL SYMMETRY
We discuss some aspects of the Hamiltonian dynamics
of interacting graVitational Yang-Mills-Higgs fields.Spe-
cial attention is paid to the difference betv;een proper and
improper gauge and coordinate transformations and their
relation to Gurface integrals in the Hamiltonian and gauge
generators. The Hamiltonian formalism is specialized
spherically symmetric fields and the main points of the
general theory are illustrated and discussed in detail in
that case. kinds of spherically symmetric fields are
considered: "manifest spherical symmetry" and "spherical
symmetry up to a gauge". In the former case the Yang-Mills-
Higgs potentials themselves are spherically where-
as in the latter ( which deals with SO(3) only) a rotation
in physical space is compensated for by a gauge rotation
of the same magnitude. The 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole and
the Julia-Zee dyon belong to the latter class.
1048. Biza Yu.S. Izv.Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR, sere fiz.-mat.,
1977, No 2, pp.104-107.
NON-UNIVERSALITY OF THE G/E RATIO IN KEPLER'S
PROBLEM FOR THE KLEIN-GORDON EQUATION
The effect of non-universality of the g/e ratio on the
energy levels of a relativistic hydrogep-like system has
been investigated on the basis of the Klein-Gordon equation.
The corrections of the first approximation to the enerGY
eigenvalue for a spinless case have beel\, calculated. The
results of calculations'have been compare'd:to the correspor:d-
ing results for a non-relativistic variant.
1049. Bollini C.G.,Giambiagi J.J. Nucil.Phys.,1977, vol.B12],
No ~ pp.J11-J19.
ON THE GAUGE FIELD OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
A formulation of electromagnetism with magnetic charges
is given by means of a (non-uniform) A defined in the whole
space, whose divergence gives the magnetic charge.
1050. Bollini C.G., Leal Ferriera P. Sao Paulo Inst. Fisica
-Theorica, 1FT 266-77, Sao Paulo,1977.
ON THE MOTION OF A CHARGED PARTICLE IN THE
FIELD OF,A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
1051. Brandt R.A., Neri F., Zwanziger D. New York Univ.,
NYU-TRG-77, New York,1977.
LORENTZ INVARIANCE OF THE QUANTUM FIELD THEORY
OF ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
1052. Brandt R.A., Nevi F. New York univ., NYU-TR5-77, New
York,1977.
REMARKS ON ZWANZIGEH.' S LOCAL QUANTUM FIELD
THEORY OF ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGES
1053. Brandt R.A., Primack J.R. Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D15,
No 6, pp.1798-1802.
AVOIDING "DIRAC'S VETO" IN MONOPOLE THEORY
Using ideas introduced by wu and Yang in their recent
nonsingular formulation of an action principle for claSSical
Dirac magnetic monopoles,' we modify Dirac's original formula
tion of the problem so as to avoid the difficulties encount-
ed when charged-particle trajectories intersect aingular
strings.
"1'( -
_., "I
1054. Brandt R.A. and Primack J.R. Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D15,
No 4, p p . 1 1 7 5 1 ~ 7 7 .
DIRAC MONOPOLE THEORY WITH OR WITHOUT STRINGS
It is shown that in Dirac formulation of the quantum-
mechanical interaction of a magnetic monopole and an electric
charge the singular string ~ attached to the monopole can
be moved arbitrarily by an acceptable gauge transformation
and hence is not physically observable, and that this formu-
lation of the theory is equivalent to the recent formulation
of Wu and Yang in which the use of potentials with strings is
avoided.
1055. Brihaye Y., Nuyts J. J.Math.Phys.(USA),1977, vol.18,
No 11, pp.2177-2190.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN SU(4) GAUGE THEORIES
The authors find all spherically symmetric monopoles in
SU(4). The importance of the little group which transforms
spherically symmetric solutions into spherically symmetric
solutions is discussed. All the possible embeddings of SU(2)
into SU(4) are found. The eigenvalues of G are shown to be
> integers or half-integers.
,
1056. Callan C.G., Dashen R.,and Gross D. Institute for Advanced
Study, Princeton,1977.
TOWARD A THEORY OF THE STRONG INTERACTIONS
1057. Callias C.J.
)077.
,Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D16, No 10, pp.3068-
SPECTRA OF FERMIONS IN MONOPOLE FIELDS:
EXACTLY SOLUBLE MODELS
We investigate the structure of the:energy spectrum of
an isospin-1/2 Dirac particle in the field of the SU(2) magne-
tic monopole of tt Hooft and Polyakov. We.,show that aside from
the zero-energy mode, whiph is always present, there are at
most a finite number of bound states. To clarify the
interaction of the fermion with the various components
of the monopole field, we consider two different extra-
polations of the background field to limiting forms. The
rfL:t<I!Ut oU'tibti Ue tl.y so-
luble. In the first limiting model, only the Higgs field
is retained, and the Dirac equation is found to be equiva-
lent to the non-relativistic Coulomb problem. The second
model is just the point monopole, and our problem is equi-
valent to a doublet of massive Dirac particles interacting
with an Abelian magnetic monopole. This classical problem
admits a simple treatment in the context of non-Abelian
gauge theories; we present its solution in this formulation;
we point out the hitherto uunoticed fact that the Hamilto-
nian is not self-adjoint on the customary domain of non-
singular wave functions and we study its self-adjoint
extensions and bound states.
' ..
1058. Collias C., - Center for Theoretical Physics, MIT,
CTP-624, Cambridge,1977.
SPECTRA OF FERMIONS IN MONOPOLE FIELDS
EXACTLY SOLUBLE MODELS
1059. Callias Center for Theoretical Physics, MIT,CTP-
694, Cambridge,1977 .
I
,
INDEX THEOREM ON OPEN SPACES
1060. Campbell W.B.
1977.
Wesleyan University, Lincoln,Nebraska,
QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS WITH CHARGES AND
MONOPOLES: A CORAVIANT PERTURBATION THEORY
Derives ,manifestly covariant Feynmanrules for
a QED with magnetic and electric charges. Needs two
component spinors for this. Approach does not include
Dirac quantization.
1061. Campbell W.B.
1977.
Wesleyan University, Lincoln,Nebraska,
FIELD SPIN IN CHARGE - MONOPOLE INTERACTIONS
Using studies menepole And
annihilation into amgnetic poles. Suggests he can find
regions where perturbation theory hold even though g
is large.
Predictions
Elastic scattering amplitudes.
I
Annihilation cross sections into monopoles with angular
distributions.
1062. Carmeli M.,/Kaye M. Nuovo Cimento,1977, vol.BJ9, Ser.2,
No 1, pp.187-192.
GAUGE FIELD MODEL OF COMBINED GRAVITATIONAL
AND MAGNETIC-MONOPOLE FIELDS
It hasibeen shown ( see Carmeli et al.,ibid.,1976,
vol.BJ4, p.225) that the gravitational and electromagnetiC
fields can be combined into a unified gauge theory invariant.
under the group SL
2
,c E U
1
This generalization is extendec
by allowing, for the presence of magnetic-monopole fields
resulting in a theory invariant under the gauge group
SL
2
,c U 1 E U
1

,
1063. Carmeli M.
465.
Phys.Lett., 1977, vol.B68, No 5, pp.46J-
MONOPOLE SOLUTION OF YANG-MILLS EQUATIONS
A monopole solution of the classical Yang-Mills
I
field equations is presented. The new solution includes
both "electric" and "magnetic" parts.
1064. Carrigan R.A., Jr., . FERMILAB-77 /42, Batavia, 1977.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE BIBLIOGRAPHY(197J-1976)
This classified and annotated bibliography is preceded
by a review of magnetic monopole research both theoretical
and experimental. An author index is included.
I
1065. Carrigan R.A.,Strauss B.P., Giacomelli G. Fermi
National Accelerator Laboratory,
'1917.
SEARCH FPR MONOPOLES AT THE CERN-ISR
1066. Carrigan R.A. ,Jr. In: COLLIDINGS BEAM PHYSICS AT
,
FERMILAB: DETECTOR CONSIDERATIONS, GENERAL TOPICS.
Summer Study, Aspen, CO, USA,1977. Ed. Walker J.K.,1977,
pp.197-217.
SEARCHES FOR IIff..AGNETIC MONOPOLES AND FRACTIONALLY
CHARGED AS AN AUXILIARY FUNCTION FOR A
,
LARGE AT THE COLLIDER
The use of transition radiation in a magnetic field
to help identify electrons is examined. Some of the charac-
teristics of and attempts to optimize the design of the
transition radiation scheme are described.
1067. Cerrero J.M.
1977.
Harvard Univ.,HUTP-77-A011, Cambridge,
EXACT MONOPOLE SOLUTION AND EUCLIDEAN YANG-
MILLS FIELDS
1068. Chakrabarti Amitabha, Dipoko Jongwane
vol.n15, No 10, pp.J011-)02).
Phys.Rev. ,1977 ,
, CLASSICAL SOLUTIONS FOR SU(4) GAUGE FIELDS:
INTERACTING MONOPOLES
The notion of local is introduced and-
their relation to a class of solutions for SU(n) gauge
fields is pointed out. This class includes the known mono-
pole-type solutions for SU(2) and gauge fields-
coupled to scalars and spinors. Next, these ideas are used
to study solutions for SU(4) gauge fields. The following
classes of solutions are studied. Corresponding to two
commuting SU(2) subgroups of SU(4) one has two monopole-
type contributions from the space components W (x), of the
gauge field. They are directly coupled among themselves,
the remaining SU(4) components providing a tensor-type in-
teraction. They are also to a scalar field q)(x)"
the time component Wo(x). Two different POSSibilities
for and Wo(x) are considered in detail. An exact
solution is given for a point monopole interacting with a
particular system of finite mass. Simple variational
tions are used to obtain finite mass for the total system.
Brief remarks are added concerning other possibilities;e.g.!
how pseudoparticles can be studied from our point of view.
1069. Cheng Kuo-Shur.g.
pp.746-749.
J. Math. Phys. OJ. Y. ) ,1977, vol. 18, No 4,
MONOPOLE THEORY WITHOUT STRING
We propose a Schrodinger equation for the
tic charge-monopole system without using strings and demon-
strate that it is a correct equation for this system.
1070. Cheng Kuo-Shung
vol.), pp.55-60.
J.Natl.Chiao Tung Univ.(Taiwan),1977,
CLASSICAL LAGRANGIAN THEORY WITH RADIATIVE REACTION:
EXTENSION OF ROHRLICH TWO FIELD FORMALISM TO INCLUDE
MONOPOLES
Presents an action integral L(x,X,Af" a ). The "
stabili ties of L against the variations JA/.1.(j), dGf(S)'
cfxr(e) and J-Ar(-;r) , give the coupled Maxwell equations "an
the Lorentz Dirac equation for the positron and monopole.
". ,
1071. Coleman S., Parke S., Neveu A., Sommerfield C.M.
Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D15, No 2, pp.544-545.
CAN ONE DENT A DYON ?
The stability of the exact monopole and dyon solutions
found by Prasad and Sommerfield (1975) is demonstrated by
showing that they are absolute minima of energy.
1072. Coleman S. In: NEW PHENOIvIENA IN SUBNUCLEAR PHYSICS,
Proc. of the 1975 International school of Subnuclear
Physics,NATO-MPI-MRST Advanced Study Institutes Erice,
Sicily, 11 July,1975. Ed. Zichichi.A., New York,1977,
part Ai
CLASSICAL AND THEIR QUANTUM DESCENDANTS
Dissipative field theory is considered in which there
are time-independent solutions, lumps of energy holding
themselves together by their own self interactions, also
periodic solutions, oscillating or quirering lumps, and
steadily moving lumps. Some lumps are called solitions.
A survey is given of this knowledge. The topics considered
include a set of classical field theories by which lumps
are found by quandrature, topological conservation laws that
deal with non-dissipative solutions and such lump as flux
lines of superconductivity and or monopoles,
the quantum problem for time-independent and periodic
classical and lastly the quantum fine-Gordon
equation.
107). Coleman S. Harvard University preprint, Cambridge,1977.
CLASSICAL LUMPS AND THEIR QUANTUM DESCENDANTS
1074. Cordero P.
546.
Nucl.Phys.,1977, vol.B1)1, No 4-5, pp.525-
ROTATIONALLY INVARIANCE SOLUTIONS OF THE YANG-
MILLS-HIGGS SYSTEM FOR A GENERAL GAUGE GROUP:
MONOPOLES
A genral form that the fields take in a spherically
I
symmetric solution is derived by demanding that the field
variables by spherically symmetric up to a local gauge
transformation. The group is any compact, semi-simple
Lie group the matter field 4S belongs to a generic
orthogonal representation of the gauge group. The angular
dependence of the field variables becomes explicit and new
field variables are defined. Replacing the field variables
in the equations of motion the static case and its
are considered. A finite-energy solution which generalizes
both the monopole solution of tt Hooft (1974) and PolYukov
(1974) and the dyon solution of Julia -Zee (1975) is studied.
The behaviour of the Yang-Mills' field near the origin is
related to ishe rnementum" content of the ad.ioint
representation of the gauge group while the corresponding
behaviour of the Higgs field is related to the "angular
momentum" content of the <p representation.
1074. Cordero P., Villarroel D. Nuovo Cim.,1977, vol.40B,
No 1, pp.90-98.
REMARK ON THE CABIBBO-FERRAlt I TWO- POTENTIAL
APPROACH TO ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHA...TtGES
A covariant two-potential formalism is introduced
after integrating the Maxwell equations with electric a::Jd
magnetic charges. These two potentials essentially corresponc
to those of Cabibbo and Ferrari. The Cabibbo-Ferrari local
expression for F in terms of the two potentials is derived
instead of being put in as an ansatz. As a by-product of
this derivation we obtain a natural covariant gauge in which
the formalism is much the remaining gauge group
being U
1
x U
1
There are no external and artificial ingre-
dientsin this formalism ( as there were none in . the
Cabibbo-Ferrari formalism either) and the basic equations
are completely equivalent to the Maxwell equations.
.1075. Cremmer E., Scherk J.
pp.61-75.
Nucl.Phys.,1977, vol.B118, No 1-2,
SPONTANEOUS COMPACTIFICATION OF EXTRA SPACE
DIMENSIONS
The phenomenon of spontaneous compact1ficatlon has
been discovered previously in the case of gravitation
coupled to SO(3) gauge fields and for scalar fields. Here
it is shown that it exists in arbitrary space-time dimen-
sions when the gauge group is SO(N). The method used here,
is applied also to recover the known magnetic monopole
(SO(3 and instention (SO(4 solutions.
1016. Cox P.H., Yildiz A. Harvard University, }illTP-11-A05J,
Cambri dge , 1911.
BOUND STATES WITH A GAUGE MONOPOLE
1011. Czechowski A. European organization for Nuclear Research,
CERN-TH-2282, Geneva,1911.
SU (J) MONOPOLES SATURATING THE BOGOMOLNY BOUND
We use the Bogomolny equations to identify the lowest
energy, maximum-symmetry monopole solutions of the SU(J)
gauge field theory with the Higgs field in the
adjoint representation. We show that, for each embedding
of the isospin group in the SUe)) gauge group, there is
only one regular maximum-symmetry solution saturating the
absolute lower bound for the monopole energy.
1018. Dattoli G., Mignani R. Comitato Nazionale per L'Energia
Nucleare, Laboratory Nazionaly, CNEN, LNF-11-58(P),Frascati,
1911.
FORMULATION OF ELECTROMAGNETISM IN A SIX DIMENSTIONAL
SPACE-TIME
1019. Dattoli G., Mattioli M., Mignani R. Lett.Nuovo Cimento,
1911, vol.20; ser.2, No 18, pp.686-681.
MASSIVE PHOTONS AND TACHYON MONOPOLES
starting from the Proca field equations for a massive
photon, written in a form like the Maxwell equations, the
authors discuss the possibility of nonzero rest mass for
photons. The introduce a self-dual electromagnetic tensor
to extend Maxwell's equations to tachyon charges.
1080. Dirac P.A.M. In: DEEPER PATHV/AYS IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS,
Proceed. of Orbis Scientiae Univ. of Miami, Coral Gables,
1971. New York,1917,pp.1-11.
THE DYANMICS OF STREAMS OF MATTER (Talk)
1081. Drell S. D. .Stanford Linear Accelerator Center ,I SLAC-
Pub-2043, Stanford,California,1977.
PARTICLE PHYSICS
1082. Einhorn M.B. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory,
FERMILAB-Pub-77/97-THY, Batavia,1977.
TOPOLOGICAL EXCITATION IN THE ABELAIN HIGGS
MODEL
1083. Englert F. Lectures given at the Cargese Summer School,
Cargese, France,1977.
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC SCHEMES
1084. Englert F., Windey P.
/
Universite Libre de Bruxelles,
Bruxelles, 1977.
ELECTRIC i CONFINEMENT AND MAGNETIC SUPERCONDUCTORS
1085. Eglert F. Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles,1977.
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CONFINEi'.1ENT SCHEMES
1086. Ezawa Z.F., Tze H.C.
pp.1647-1654.
Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D15, No 6,
THEORY OF DIRAC MONOPOLES WITH A NON-ABELIAN
SYMMETRY
From the viewpoint of a global formulation of Yang':"
Mills fields, a Lagrangian theory of non-Abelian classical
Dirac monopoles is proposed. Dirac strings are used instead
of coordinate patches; they are defined as purely geometric
constructs. The formalism is free from pathologies such as
"Dirac's veto". While the focuses on the gauge
group SU(N)(Z) (subN) allowing for only N - 1 nontrivial
and topologically distinct types of monopoles, it applies
in general to any compact Lie group.
1087. Ferrari E. Rome Univ., Nota Interna 681,1977.
FORMULATION OF ELECTRODYNAMICS WITH MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
1088. Frampton P.H. In: NEW PHENOMENA IN SUBNUCLEAR PHYSICS,
Proceed. of Int.School of Subnuclear Physics held in Erice,
Italy,1975. New York,1977, part A., pp.493-532.
RELATIONSHIP BETVlEEN GAUGE THEORIES AND DUAL
RESONANCE MODELS
,
1089. Frenkel A., Hrasko P. Ann.Phys.(USA)vol.105, No 2,1977,
pp.288-317.
INVARIANCE PROPERTIES OF THE DIRAC MONOPOLE
The quantum mechanical motion of a spinless electron
in the external field of a magnetic monopole of magnetic
charge is investigated. It is shown that Dirac's quantum
condition 41';"(k' (hc)-1=n for the string being unboser-
vable ensures rotation invariance and correct space reflec-
tion properties for any integer value of n. The rotation
and space reflection operators are found and their group
theoretical properties are discussed. When n is odd,half-
integer J representations of the SU(2) group emerge
without the introduction of spin. A method of constructing
conserved quantities in the case when the potential is not
explicitly invariant under the symmetry operation is also
presented and applied to the discussion of the angular
momentum of the electron-monopole system.
1090. Frenkel A. Kozponti Fizikai Kutato Intezel,KFKI-77-
95, Budapest, Hungary,1977.
REFOR1IDLATION OF THE RELATIVISTIC THEORY OF
DIRAC MONOPOLE
The theories of the magnetic monopoles proposed by
Dirac (1931,1948) are revisited with main emphasis on the
relativistic theory. The latter is reformulated with the
help of the method of canonical quantization of systems
with degenerate Lagrangians. It is sho\m that Dirac's
condition 2eg(nc=n)(with n any integer) for the strinG(s)
being unobserva'blg rQrnains the necessary and auffiGiont
condition in the relativistic theory, too. The role of the
famous veto of Dirac is also clarified. It is sho\m that
it emerges only at the classical level. After quantization
there is no need and there is no room for the veto. A sys-
tem of a spinless charge and of a spinless monopole, possessef
an intrinsic angular A gedanken experiment
in which this amgular momentum might be observed is,describe(
,
1091. Frenkel A., Hrasko P. Ann.Phys.,(N.Y.),1977, vol.105,
pp.288-317.
INVARIANCE PROPERTIES OF THE DIRAC MONOPOLE
1092. Fustero X., Mas L., Lapiedra R. Phys.Rev.,1977,vol.D16,
No 12,
PREDICTIVE RELATIVISTIC IVIECHANICS OF MAG1TETIC
MONOPOLES AND ELECTRIC
We explicitly construct the predictive interaction
between a magnetic monopole and an electric charge up to
second order in the coupling constant. The uniquely defined,
energy-momentum four-vector and angular momentum are construe
, I '
ted as usual in predictive relativistic mechanics and their
explicit form given up to first order in the coupling
constant. Furthermore, a Hamiltonian formalism in the sense
of Bel and Martin is given for this interaction.
1093. Garwin L.J., Garwin R.L. Amer.J.Phys.,1977, vol.45,
No 2, pp.164-165.
ON THE STRNGTH OF THE DIRAC MONOPOLE
A magnetic pole of strength go is placed initially
midway between two electrons of charge e. Consideration
of the torque required to move one electron in a semi-
circular arc into coincidence with the 'other leads to an
evaluation of the angular momentum thus added to the
system as 2eg
o
/c. Since the eigenvalues of the angular
momentum operator are space by h, go is clearly limited
to nf,fic/e
2
)e/2, the Dirac result.
1094. Gervias J.L. Proccedings of European Conference
On Particle Physics, 1977, Budapest, 1977, vol.II,pp.1255-
1275.
SOLITIONS AND INS TAN TONS
1095. Gibbons G. W.
3535.
Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D15, No 12, pp.J5JO-
BLACK-,HOLE DYOUS NEED NOT EXPLODE
During the final stage of black-hole evaporation
particles of all kinds will be emitted, including exotic
states not normally seen in the laboratory. Among them
could be magnetic monopoles. This process is -discussed.
It is found that the presence of electric charge on the-
hole reduces the emission compared with that form a neut-
ral hole. An interesting consequence of this is that a

primordial black hole possessing both electric and magnetic
charge ( a black-hole dyon) need not explode but may end
its life as an extreme Reissner-Nordstrom black-hole, with
finite mass and zero temperature. Tne application of these
-
results to other gauge theories is briefly discussed. An
appendix treats the Dirac equation in curved space using
Geroch, Held'and Penrose and spin-weighted spherical-
harmonic techniques.
1096. Goddard P., Nuyts J., Olive D. '
No 1, pp. 1-28. -
Nucl.Phys.,1977, vol.B125,'
GAUGE THEORIES AND
If the magnetic field for an exact gauge group R(assumea
compact and connected) exhibits an inverse square law
behaviour at large distances then the generalized magnetic
charge, appearing as the coefficient, completely
the topological quantum number of the solution. 'v'lhen this
magnetic charge operator is expressed as a linear combinn-
tion of mutually commuting generators of H, the components.
are uniquely determined, up to the action of the Weyl
B146Ut;I, flEa. l'iBVe to be weignts or' a 1'leW gl"OUP H'" which
is explicitly constructed out of H. The relation between
the "electric" group H and the "magnetic" group H)J
is symmetrical in the sense that (HY)Y = H. The results
. v
suggest that H monopoles are H multiplets and vice
versa and that the true symmetry group is H ID n
Y
.In
this duality topological and Noether quantum numbers
roles rather as in Sine-Gordon theory. A physical possibi-
lity is that H and be the colour and weak electro-
magnetic gauge groups.
1097. Goldhaber A.S. Institute for Theoretical Physics,
state University of New York, ITP-SB-77-29, stony Brook,
New York,1977.
DIRAC PARTICLE IN A MAGlffiTIC FIELD: SYTvIMETRIES
AND THEIR BREAKnm BY MONOPOLE SINGULARITIES
1098. Goldhaber A.S.
1827.
Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D16, No 6, pp.1815-
DIRAC PA..1:iTICLE IN A MAGNETIC FIELD: SYMMETRIES
AND THEIR BREAKING BY MONOPOLE SINGULARITIES
Monopole singularities upset familiar results for motion
of a charged Dirac particle, but P,C and T considerations
restore the situation almost completely, although there may
bea zero-energy bound state not heretofore suspected.
Problems of second quantization with such a state are
considered.
1099. Greub Werner H. In: DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRICAL 1:1ETHODS
IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS, Proceed. of the Symposium held
at the Uni versi ty of Bonn,1975. Berlin-Heidelberg-New-Yorl(,
1977. pp. 350-354.
Math. ,1977, vol.570, pp.350-354.
COMPLEX LI1TE BUNDLSS AND THE MAGNETIC FIELD
OF A MONOPOLE
1100. Gribov V. Leningrad Nuclear Physics Institute,
preprint No 367,Leningrad,1977.
QUANTIZATIon OF NON-ABELIAJ.'J GAUGE THEORIES
1101. Gribov V. Lectures at the 12-th Winter School of the
Leningrad Nuclear Physics Institute, Leningrad, 1977,
pp.147-162.
UNSTABILITY OF NON-ABELIAN GAUGE THEORIES
AND IMPOSSIBILITY OF COULOMB GAUGE CHOICE
In the lecture it is shown that due to impossibility
of introducing the Coulomb calibration for large fields
and an incre'ase of invariance charge at long distances
the non-Abelian gauge theory cannot be formulated as a
theory of massless particles interactions. This statement
is a strong argument for the state spectrum in non-Abelian
theories differs sufficiently from the state spectrum in
a perturbation theory.
1102. Gu Chao-Hao" Yang Chen-Ning
vol.20, No 2, pp.177-185.
Sci.Sin.(China),1977,
SOME PROBLE1mON THE GAUGE FIELD THEORIES III
(In Chinese)
' ..
In the case of electromagnetic field with monopoles
the concept of magnetic charges in the SU
2
gauge theory
with the Higgs field and that in the global U
1
gauge
are shown to be equivalent mathematically. The method of
description of electromagnetic fields with magnetic charge:
in terms of U
1
gauge theory and the variational method
for the derivation of the world lines of charged particles
is considered.
1103. Gu Chao-Hao, Hu He-Sheng Acta Phys.Sinica,1977, vol.2G,
No 2, pp.155-168.
ON SPHERICALLY SYMMETRIC SU(2) GAUGE FIELDS
AWP
Some properties of spherically-symmetric SU(2) gause
fields are considered. It is shovm that in a general case
the spherically-symmetric fields can be divided into J
classes: 1) strictly spherically-symmetric fields; 2)sphe-
rically-symmetric fields with accuracy up to gauge transfor-
mations; J) SU(2)-gauge fields
reduced to U(1)-gauge fields. These types of spherically-
symmetric gauge fields are investigated and compretely
defined with Higgs fields. If one considers such a fields
as an interacting electromagnetic field and as an electrical
ly-charged vector boson, then the electromagnetic field may
correspond to a magnetic monopole field with a multiple
magnetic charge O,1.
1104. Hagstrom R.
pp.729-7J2.
Phys.Rev.Lett.,1977, vol.J8, No 1J,
HAVE WE SEEN A HEAVY ANTINUCLEUS?
The hypothesis of the first observed heavy anti-
nucleus is proposed for the event of Price et ale This
hypotheSiS demands depletion of the high-energy knock-on
electrons which should be clearly evident in the nuclear
emulsion. This hypothesis does not directly contradict
any previous antimatter search; and conflict extrapola-
tions from previous searches is of small statistical
significance.
1105. Hirayoma M., Hsiung Chia Tze Stanford Linear Accele-
rator Center, SLAC-Pub-2001,Stanford,1977.
THE NAMBU MECHANICS OF NON-ABELIAN DYONS
'1106. Hirayama M.
5)2.
Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D16, No 2, pp.5JO-
REALIZATION OF NAIVlBU IVIECHANICS: A PARTICLE
WITH AN SU(2) MONOPOLE
The paper points out that the equations of motion of
a point particle of mass m possessing isospin degrees .
of freedom which interacts with an SU(2) magnetic monopole
can be cast in the form of Nambu's mechanics.
1107. Hirayama M. Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, SLAC-
Pub-1920, Stanford,1977.
REALIZATION OF NA1IDU 1mCHANICS: A PARTICLE
INTERACTING WITH AN SU(2) MONOPOLE
1108. tt Hooft G. 1977, Lectures given at the Banff Summer
Insti tute.
EXTENDED OBJECTS IN GAUGE FIELD THEORY
1109. t' Hooft G. Autumn meeting,1977, Petten, Netherlands.
SOLITIONS AND INSTANTONS
1110. Hosada M., Kozakai H.,
preprint,1977.
Tokyo Metropolian Univ.,
CONVERSION OF ISOSPIN DEGREE OF FREEDOM
INTO SPIN DEGREE OF FREEDOM
1111. Hosada M., Kozakai H. Progr. Theor. Phys. ,1977, vol.58,

No 6, pp.2008-2070.
ON THE - BOSON PUZZLE
,
1112. Horvath Z., Palla L. Phys.Lett.,1977, vol.BG9, No 2,
pp.197-201.
-, ()'. ;
..t. - ..
MONOPOLES AND GRAND UNIFICATION THEORIES
A method for constructing static extended monopole
solutions in the grand unification theories is shortly
described. SU(N)/S(U,(p) x U (q)) static finite energy
monopole solutions are presented. The homotopy theory
derivation of the charge quantization is given for these
I
solutions.
,
1113. Horvath Z., Palla L., Cremmer E., Scherk J.
1977, vol.B127, No 1, pp.57-65

GRAND UNIF1ED SCHEMES AND SPONTANEOUS
COMPACTIFICATION
Nucl. Phys. ,
The mass spectrum of spontaneously compactified
Einstein-Yang-Mills theories is computed using the Wu-
Yang monopole harmonics' functions. It is found that
spontaneous compactification can be used to provide the
correct mass scale generating the superstrong symmetry
breaking which in grand unified theories, separates quarks
from leptons.

/
1114. Horvath Z.,Palla L. Int.Cent.Theor.Phys.,IC/77/35,
trrieste,1977.
EXTENDED MONOPOLES IN GAUGE FIELD THEORIES
We give a of the 't Hooft monopole and
briefly discuss the general topological considerations
connected with monopoles. A method is presented for
constructing explicit monopole solutions in any gauge
theory. Some and time-dependent
problems are also
,
1115. Horvath Z.,Palla L. Aota PhyeioB.Austriaoa,1977,vol.4G,
No 4, pp.297-314.
MONOPOLES,DYONS, AND OTHER TOPOLOGICALLY
STABLE'SOLUTIONS IN GAUGE THEORIES
An inductive discussion of 't Hooft's magnetic monopole
: Bolution is given illustrating how to construct such useful
gauge invariants as the electromagnetic field strength.
It is described what kind of electrodynamical situation
can result finite energy for a point-like magnetic monopole.
Stable solutions in SU(3) gauge theories without scalars
are presented. A detailed discussion of the SU(3) monopoles
and dyons is carried out in the presence of Higgs s9alars.
The radial oscillations of 't Hooft's monopole are discussed
brie.fly.
1116. Hosoya A., Ishida J. Progr.Theor.Phys.,1977, vol.57,
No 2, pp.608-619.
NON-ABELIAN MAGNETIC CHARGES
We have obtained exact solutions of the classical
isotopic gauge field equations in the static case. Our
solution has a nonlinear form in terms of the (pseudo-)
scalar potential and its space derivative and shows to
exhibit the isotopic analog of Dirac's monopoles. Our
solution naturally leads to the integer-valued condition
for the charge quantization.
,
1117. Hrasko P. Amer.J.Phys.,1977, vol.45, No 9, pp.838-
840.
QUASICLASSICAL QUANTIZATION OF THE MAGNETIC
CHARGE
Quasiclassical quantization of a spherical pendulum
in ~ h i h the moving point mass and the center have electric
and magnetic charge, respectively, is discussed. It is
shown that for this system quantum conditions do not simply
select between classical orbits. The requirement of sphe-
rical symmetry leads to the quantization condition of Dirac
for the product of the charges and the total angular momen-
1
tum may be either an integer or a half-integer multiple o f ~
1118. Hrasko P.,Balog J. Kozponti Fizikai Kutato Intezel,
KFKI-77-26, Budapest, Hungary,1977.
ROTA TIONAL SYMMETRY IN THE HAMILTONIAN
DYNAMICS
1119. Hsu J.P.,Mac E.
pp.100-10J.
J.Math.Phys.,1977, vol.18, No 1.,
AND EXACT DYON SOLUTIONS FOR CLASSICAL
YANG-I'.lILLS FIEIJD EQUATIONS
We show that the generalized electromagnetic field
tensor and the magnetic and electric charges in non-
Abelian gauge theories ahve little to do with the Higgs
scalars and/or the dynamics of the Lagrangian. They are
of a symmetry in the theory.We present several
exact static dyon solutions to the nonlinear classical
field equations in both massless and massive Yang-Mills
theories, which both electric and magnetic charges.
The implications of rrv are also discussed.
1120. Hsu J.P.
pp.801-812.
Found.Phys.(USA),1977, vol.7, No 11-12,
EXACT MONOPOLE SOLUTIONS IN YANG-MILLS AND UNIFIED
GAUGE THEORIES
Magnetic monopoles are studied in non-Abelian gauge
theories. The exact static, spherically symmetric solutions
"of the magnetic monopoles in both Yang-Mi lIs and unified
gauge theories are obtained. The energy of the static sys-
tem is calculable and it is either zero or infinite. The
existence of the magnetic monopole solution is a consequence
of symmetry rather than dynamics. A new definition of
electromagnetic field tensor is proposed, which relates the
static solution of gauge and the magnetic monopole
solution. Experimental implications are discussed.
1121. Hsu J.P. The center for Particle Theory, The Univ. of
Texas at Austin,71-120, Austin,Texas,1977.
OBSERVABLE PHASE FACTORS AND SYMMETRY OF
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
1122. Huang Kerson, stump Daniel R. Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D15,
No 12, pp.J660-)661.
".,
FLUX QUANTIZATION AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM IN
. , : .. "
NON-ABELIAN GAUGE FIELD THEORIES
We study a Yang-Mills field. with gauge group gene-
rators L
a
/a=1, ,n/ coupled to self-interacting source
tieias ,nFeu5R a gauge eenstant rollowing
results are obtained: a) the total angular momentum,defined
,
as Poincare group generators,is the free-field angular
momentum plus where Q,,- is the total
charge and is the total flux of <V x A: in the X. J!r.
direction; b) there is a choice of such that the flux
matrix f]S cPc...LIJ.. obeys the quantization condi ti.!:r.
t{e.I2.1r)Q/) y;2] = ('" e/.2.. 7r) cjJ3 ; c) (e/zrr)r:p gene-
rates gauge transformations that are equivalent to spatial
rotations of Higgs fields;d) for any solution
in which Ce/2rr) =t 0 the gauge field is a monopole
field with pole strength g=1/e.
1123_ Ikeda M., Kawai T., Yoshida H. Lett.Nuovo Cimento,
1977, vol.20, No 7, ser.2, pp.227-231.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE , VECTOR POTENTIAL AND
GAUGE TRANSFORMATION
I
In rodinary electrodynamics where there is no magnetic
monopole at ail, the potential At, which is related to
Ai" by a gauge transformation
describes exactly the same physical system as the does,
and there is no experiment to descriminate between them. The
authors discuss whether this is still true with a monopole
in connection with the charge quantization condition. They
study the magnetic field produced by a static magnetic mo-
nopole with strength (*0) located at the origin.
1124. INFOR1ML IN RECENT DEVELOP1mNTS IN FIELD THEORY,
21-23 November,1911, Trieste. Center for Theor.Phys.,IC-11-
152,Trieste ,1917.
1125. Ishikawa K.
pp.1283-1298.
Progr.Theor.Phys.,1917, vol.58, No 4,
COVARIANT QUANTIZATION OF SOLITION IN GAUGE
THEORIES
,
'!
A -technique of relativistically covariant collective
coordinates is applied to gauge theories in realistic space-
time dimensions which have solutions of classical Euler- .
Lagrange equations. Masses and form factors of extended
ih
1126. Jackson J.D. European organization for Nuclear Research,
CERN-77-17, Geneva,1977.
THE NATURE OF INTRINSIC MAGNETIC DIPOLE MOMENTS
Although isolated magnetic poles have so far not been
-unambiguously ,observed, the notion recurs that they might
exist in magnetically neutral groups, bound together to
form magnetic dipoles. Perhaps the intrinsic magnetic
. moments of fundamental particles are just such dipoles.
Using only basic ideas of electricity and magnetism ar.d
elementary quantum mechanics,a unified pedagogical discus-
sion is given of the hyperfine structure of atomic
and the scattering of slow neutrons by magnetic media. All
known intrinsic magnetic moments ( of electron, muon,proton,
neutron,nuclei) are shown to be caused, to a very high pre-
cision, by Circulating electric currents and not by magne-
tic charges.
1127. Jacob M. University of California Riverside,UCR-77-15,
California, 1977.
HADRON PHYSICS IN THE 200-2000 GEV ENERGY
RANGE
1128. Jang Pong Soo, Park Soo Yang, Wali K.C. Syracuse Univ.,
SU-4211-101, New York,1977.
CONCERNING AXIALARY SYMMETRIC MONOPOLE-TYPE
SOLUTIONS
1129. Jehle H. In:CONTACTS BETWEEN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
OTHER FIELDS OF PHYSICS,2 Feb.-5 March,1977, Schladming,
Austria.
Acta Physica Austriaca,Suppl.,1977, No 18,pp.6)-109.
TOPOLOGY ,OF MAGUETIC FIELDS IN PARTICLE PHYSICS.
IMPLICATIONS ON THE QUARK MODEL
1130. Jehle H. ,Inst. voor Teoretsche Fysica, Univ. von
Amsterdam, Amsterdam,1977.
FLUX QUANTIZATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS
Quantization of magnetiC flux was recognized by
as the basis on which superdonductivity may
be understood. The many-body problems of
ty had later been cleared by the ingenious theories based
on an understanding of solid state physics. London's early
start has its special importance because the quantization
of magnetic flux without the introduction magnetiC monopole:
was a more conservative and, as it turned out, a most
fruitfull basis for other developments in physics too.
"11)1. Jehle H. ;Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D15, No 12, pp.)727-)759.
".
ELECTRON-MUON PUZZLE AND THE ELECTROMAGNETIC
COUPLING CONSTANT
1132. Jersak J., Kiera M., Magg M. Nuovo Cimento,1977,
vol.40A, ser.2, No ), pp.269-28).
ON THE MONOPOLE-DYON SYSTEM IN NON-ABELIAN
GAUGE THEORIES
The multipole forces in the monopole-dyon system
with zero total magnetic charge in the Georgi-Glashow
model are determined and their consequences for the
spectrum of the model investigated. For the strong coupling,
"
e > -V 871'" ,some long-live bound states are possible.
The existence of stable localized states with ziro magne-
tic charge and half-integer spin is pointed out.
1133. Jersale J., Kiera M.,Magg M. Inst. fur Theor.Phys.
Rheinisch-Westfalische Tech.Hochschule, Aachen ,Germany,
1977.
ON THE /JY/Jr:vli4M IN NOH""ADELlAN
GA UGE THEOR IES
1134. Jones L. W.
752.
Rey.Mod.Phys.,1977, vol.49, No 4, pp.717-
REVIEW OF QUARK SEARCH EXPERIMEnTS
All of the experimental evidence for and agair.st
existence of free, physical qaurks from cosmic rays, partie:
accelerators, and stable matter is reviewed. There is no
evidence for the existence of free quarks of fractional
charge save for one recent report of niobium pellets of
third-integral residual charge. The related searches for
quark of integral charge, for free magnetic monopoles,
tachyons, dyons and other postulated, stable elementary
ob"jects are also reviewed. Although some puzzling observa-
tions are noted. There is no firm evidence for any of these
particles.
1135. Kalb M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology,MIT-
CTP-65J, Cambridge,1977.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN A GAUGE FIELD THEORY
FROM VORTEX-STRING
1136. Kamat R.V.
pp.11-15.
J.Phys.Educ.,(India),1977, vol.5, No 3.,
WITH MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The correctness of certain equations regarding the
magnetic monopole interactions as have been used earlier,
has been investigated. It has been pointed out that these
equations are' incorrect when they are' examined in the liGht
of Maxwell's equation in the presence of magnetic monopoles.
Using these, it is shown that the of proportiona -
1
~
lity in the Coulombts law SUB{<; as given.Hitherto
is incorrect ,and has to be replaced by SUB(0)/{4). Even
I
in the case of monopole interactions. the ,$ -field is
fundamental and not the H -field.
1131. Kamata M. Inst. for Theor.Phys.,Univ.of Tsukuba,
Ibaraki , 1 911.
VORTEX SOLUTIONS AND QUARK CONFINEMENT IN
SU(3) GAUGE MODEL
1138. Kazama Y., Yang Chen Ning, Goldhaber A.S.
1911, vol.D15, No 8.,pp.2281-2299.
Phys.Rev.,
,
SCATTERING OF A DIRAC PARTICLE WITH CHARGE
ZE BY A FIXED ~ ~ G N E T I MONOPOLE
The helicity-flip and helicity-nonflip scattering
,
amplitudes of a Dirac particle with spin 1/2 and charge
Ze by a fixed magnetic monopole field are calculated.To
make the Hamiltonian meaningful an infinitesimal extra mag-
netic moment is added to the charged particle. The sign of
this extra term has measurable consequences. The differen-
I
tial cross section, which is independent of the Sign of
Ze, is tabulated. The helicity-flip amplitude vanishes at
all angles for incoming beam helicity = +1 if Zeg > 0,
and for incoming beam helicity = -1 if Zeg < O.
1139. Kazama Y. Ph.D.Thesis, State Univ.of New York,Stony
Brook,USA,1911. University microfilms order No 11-20,445.
INVESTIGATIONS IN THEORETICAL HIGH ENERGY
PHYSICS
1140. Kazama Y. l Univ.of Michigan, UM-HE-18-1, Ann Arbor, 1911.
I
DYNAMICS OF ELECTRON-MONOPOLE SYSTEM
1141. Kazama Y.
t
Yang Chen Ning. Phys.Rev 1977
t
vol.D15,
No 8. pp.2300-2307.
EXISTENCE OF BOUND STATES FOR A CHARGED SPIN
1/2 PAR
r
r:I;g14lil AN MJ\.QNlil'+':t:Q MPMlill'T'l' TN
THE FIELD.OF A FIXED MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
Bound-state wave functions are found for a Dirac
particle of spin 1/2 with an extra magnetic moment in
the field of an infinitely heavy magnetiC monopole.
1142. Kazama Y.
3085.
Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D16, No 10 ,pp.3078-
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC DIPOLE MOMENTS OF THE
BOUND SYSTEM OF A DIRAC PARTICLE AND A FIXED
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
The electric and the magnetic dipole moments are
calculated for the bound states of a charged Dirac par-
ticle of spin 1/2 with an extra magnetic moment in the
field of a fixed magnetic monopole. Unlike ordinary bound
systems with P and lor T invariance, this lacking
both, is found to possess a nonvanishing electric dipole
moment. Its for the loosely bound states with
the lowest possible angular momentum increases exponential-
ly in the prinCipal quantum number n. The magnetic moment
of the system is found to be, in general,nonvanishing.
1143. Kazama Y. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory,
FERMILAB-Pub-77-59 THY,Bata
v
ia,1977.
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC DIPOLE MOMENTS OF THE
BOUND SYSTEM OF A DIRAC PARTICLE AND A FIXED
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
1144. Keihn R. M., ,
624.
J.Math.Phys.,1977, vol.18, No 4, pp.614-
PERIODS ON MANIFOLDS QUANTIZATION MlDGAUGE
It is suggested that the quantizaj;ion of flux'charge
J .. -<
and angular momentum be interpreted as a set of indepen-
dent natural concepts which physically exhibit certain
topological properties of the fields on a space-time manifold.
These quantum or topological properties may be described
in terms of one-,two- and three- dimensional periods,respec-
tively. In terms of this viewpoint, topological constraints
between the one-,two-, and three-dimensional periods, can
be put into correspondence with various gauge theories.If
a dynamical system is to be nondissipative, in the sense
that its one-, two-, and three-dimensional topological peri-
ods are reversible invariants of the motion than it is
proved herein, that the dynamical field V must be a Hamil-
tonian vector field, the field currents must be proportional
to V, and the Lagrangian difference between the elastic
and inertial energy density must be twice the interaction
energy density, respectively.
1145. Kerner R. Lett.Math.Phys. (Netherlands), 1977, vol.2,
No 1, . pp. 49-53.
ON THE UNICITY OF THE 'T HOOFT'S MAGNETIC
MONOPOLE
the most general rotationally invariance
and stationary Yang-Mills potential generated by the SU(2)-
gauge group.lt is shown that the 't Hooft's substitution
is unique up to a gauge if the finite energy conditions
are imposed.
1146. Kiskis J. Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D16, No 8, pp.2535-2539.
U(1) GAUGE THEORIES,FIBER BUNDLES,AND STEREO-
GRAPHIC PROJECTIONS IN TWO DIMENSIONS
1147. Kiskis J. Los Alamos Sci.Lab.,LA-UR-77-1373, Los
Alamos,1977.
U(1) GAUGE THEORIES, FIBER BUNDLES,AND STEREO-
GRAPHIC PROJECTIONS IN DIMENSIONS
Some general properties of U(1) gauge fields on R2 and
8
2
are investigated. In the absence of matter fields.
configurations which are more general than fiber bundles
are allowed on Fermien fields are not consistent with
this more general structure on S2. Stereographic projections
are discussed.
1148. Kittel C Manoliu A. Phys.Rev.,1911. vol.B15, No 1,
pp.JJJ-JJ6.
INTERACTION OF A MONOPOLE WITH A
,
I FERROMAGNETIC DOMAIN
I
We calculate the interaction energy of a magnetic
monopole with a single ferromagnetic domain, taking into
account the ferromagnetic exchange interaction in a linear
.,
approximationQ In vacuum at 400 A from the surface a mo-
nopole of strength 131e/2 is bound by J5 eV in magnitude,
o
and for iron at JOO A from the surface the binding energy
-is 50 eVe We expect the binding energy to increase at
smaller distances. The attractive force on a slow monopole
approaching the surface of a ferromagnet from the vacuum
differs. at these large distances. only slightly from that
.computed by simple classical image methods treating the
magnet as a medium with an isotropic and wavelength-indepen-
dent equal to the long-wavelength transverse
permeability of the ferromagnetic material. We consider
the apparent contradictions with energy and momentum conser-
vation in the problem of a monopole in the field of an
electron. The exclusion of s-wave scattering largely resolves
the contradictions. The effective field on a monopole in a
ferromagnetic, is H and not B.
1149. Kobiske R.A Parker L. Phys.Rev.,1911, vol.D16,
No 12. pp.JJ55-J368.
EQUILIBRIUM OF DUAL CHARGED SOURCES
IN GENERAL RELATIVITY
Startin8 with the basic equations;>f Israel and Wilson
ans Perjes, we give the explicit axially symmetric metriC
for N dual charged sources in equilibrium under their
mutual and gravitational forces. We give
the conditiohs for the removal of all connecting strut
singularities and for an asymptotically flat space-time.
In the case of two souroes, we show that the strut-free
asymptoticallY flat solutions having given values of electric
and magnetic charge cannot have a separation of the sources
which exceeds a certain maximum value.
1150. Komarov L.I., Romanova T.S.
ser.1, No 1, pp.86-88.
Belorussk.Univ.,1977,
ON A VARIATIONA PRINCIPLE IN THE MAGNETIC
CHARGE THEORY
The Lagrangian which is at the same time invariant
- with respect to Lorentz transformations and dual transfor-
mations of electromagnetic fields, is built in the magnetic
charge electrodynamics by using the non-local potential.
1151. Konopel'chenko B.G. Sov.J.Nucl.Phys.(Engl.Transl),1977,
vol.26, No 5, pp.598-599.
CLASSICAL SOLUTIONS OF THE FIELD EQUATIONS
Several solutions to the four-dimensional
Gordon equation are presented including that for It Hooft-Po-
lyakov monopole.
1152. Konopel'chenko B.G.,
pp.1133-1134.
Yadern.Fiz., 1977, vol.26, No 5,
CLASSICAL SOLUTIONS OF THE FIELD EQUATIONS
1153. Kupiainen A., Byckling E.
No 1. pp.BO-B3.
ON THE UNIQUENESS OF MONOPOLE SOLUTION
A previous (cremmer et al.,ibid.,vol.65B, p.78,1976)
uniqueness proof of 't Hooft's monopole solution is dis-
cussed and complemented.
1154. Kupiainen A., Byckling E.
pp.149-L51.
J.Phys. A, 1977, vol.10, No 3,
,
ON THE UNITARY GAUGE
thQ
in the SU(2) Yang-Mills-HiggG system. It is shown that
the massive v'ector fields give a long-rouge contribution
along the negative axis corresponding to the string in
the electromagnetic field.
1155. Kurochkin Yu.A., Tolkachev E.A., Tomil'chik L.M.
Doklady Akad.Nauk Belorussk.SSR,1977, vol.21, No 11,
pp.988-990.
TWO CHARGE DISCRETE STIiTMETRIES IN CLASSICAL
ELECTRODYNAMICS
The operations of the space-time inversion and the
variation of charge signs have been successively dtermined
in the framework of a quarternion (spinor) formulation in
classical electrodynamics. The properties of basic electro-
dynamic values have been investigated with respect to the
transformations introduced.
1156. Kuvshinov V.I., Strazhev V.I.
HYPOTHESIS TO A PHYSICAL EVENT
1977, pp.53-82.
In: FROM A SCIENTIFIC
"l'lauka i Tekhnika
l1
,Minsk,
The history of prediction and discovery of fundamental
elementary particles. On quarks, partons and monopoles in
modern physics.
1157. Kyriakopoulos E.
519.
Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D16, No 2, pp.517-
EQUATIONS OF A MASSIVE ELECTRODYNAMICS WITH
MAGNETIC CHARGES
The paper presents some such equations which are a
generalization of the. dually-invariant form of Maxwell's
equations wi th two vector potentials. ,'These are expected
to replace the familiar Maxwell's equations when there
- ( -, , .'
exist isolated magnetic charges.
1158. Kyriakopoulos E. Physics Laboratory, National Technical
Yniv. of
EQUATIONS OF A MASSIVE WITH
MAGNETIC CHARGES
Maxwell in the case where there exist isolate,
magnetic charges are generalized to become the equations of
a massive electrodynamics with magnetic charges. The gene-
ralization is facilitated by using the manifestly duality-
invariant form of Maxwell's equations with two vector
tials. The resulting equations are invariant under duality
transformations.
1159. Lake T.W.
447.
I
J.Phys.,(GB) ,1977, vol. G3, No 4, pp.441-
THE CLASSIFICATION OF MONOPOLES IN SU(2) AND
SU(3) GAUGE FIELD THEORIES
The author shows how to construct all the asymptotic
solutions of the classical Yang-Mills equations in the
spherically symmetric, magnetic case for SU(2) and
8U(3) with Higgs fields present. The Higgs and Yang-Mills
. fields are asymptotically decoupled making a discussion
of the topological properties quite straighforward
' ' . 'tt
1160. Lanyi G. Dept. of Phys., Syracuse Univ., New York, 1977 .
1
RADAL YANG-MILLS FIELDS
Radial gauge field-strength solutions of the Yang-
Mills equations for arbitrary gauge groups are exhibited.
Coulomb type SU(2) solution of Ikeda and Miyachi and the
monopole type SU(2) solution of WU and Yang are reoorded
as subcases of radial gauge field-strength solutions.
'I
1161. Lanyi G.,Pappraa R. Phys.Letto,1977, vol.68B, No 5,
pp.436-438.
NON -UNIQUENESS OF THE SOURCE FOR SINGULAR GAUGE
1 ) .
- ./" -,-
1162. Lanyi G Pappas R. Syracuse Univ preprint . New
York. 1977.
NON-UNIQUENESS OF THE SOURCE FOR SINGULAR GAUGE
116,3. Lebrun J.P. I' Univ. de l'Etat Liege,1977.
PROPERTIES OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SOLITION
IN THE UNIFIED GAUGE THEORY OF WEAK AND
ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTIONS
The stationary solition solution given earlier by
the author for the Salam-Weinberg Lagrangian is rederived
from the gauge covariant conditions on,the
matter fields intervening in the theory. A complete inter-
pretation is given fo the resulting electromagnetic field
which is shown to correspond not to a magnetic monopole
field in this case but to the field of a magnetic dipole
placed in a conducting medium which undergoes a super-
!
conducting in the plane cutting the elementary
dipole at the origin. An electric current vortex forming
a transition region, surrounds the dipole. It is shown,
that after spontaneous symmetry breaking, the interpreta-
tion given holds. In appendix, a complete derivation
of the elementary solition from the field equation is given.
1164. Li Ding-Chang, Guo Shuo-Hong.
Sin.CChina) ,1977, vol. 25, No 6, pp. 507-513.
ON THE PROBLEM OF THE DUAL CHARGE OF NON-
ABELIAN GAUGE GROUPS.A DISCUSSION ON MAG-
NETIC MONOPOLES (In Chinese)
Acta Phys.
starting from the integral definition of gauge fields,
and "using a formula a resembling the Gauss-Bonnet theorem
( a theorem in differential geometry on compact manifolds),
a general conjugate relationship between the gauge charge
and the dual charge is derived. The relation between electrc
nic charge and the magnetic monopole is an example of this
conjugate relationship. For an SO(3) gauge group with a
U(1) group as its invariant subgroup. the 't Hooft monopole

solution is obtained as a special solution without intro-
ducing anu concept of singular strings or any mechanism
such as the spontaneous breaking of symmetries.
M.A. Oolledge,Dept. et
ICTP-77-78-1,London,1977.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND BAEKLUNG TRANSFORMATIONS
1166. Lubkin E. "
pp.551-554.
Intern. J.Theor.Phys.,1977, vol.16, No 7,
IS GRAVITATIONAL DUAL CHARGE PHYSICAL?
. ",
It has been shown that nonzero gravitational dual charg
cannot be found in a spin-manifold space-time. Nevertheless,
gravitational dual charge is not physically inconsistent
with spin -1/2 because spinor"modal regions should be
excluded from the manifold. However, gravitational dual
charge cannot be born by any object sufficiently localizable
that it can be surrounded by an everwhere space-like two-
sphere, hence is not readily visible in data.
I,
I
1167. Lugo V.A. Phys.Lett.,1977, vol. 66B, No 5, pp.459-460.
THE STRICT EQUIVALENCE OF THE ABELIAN MONOPOLE AND
ITS NON-ABELIAN STRINGLESS COUNTERPART BY USE OF
I
SECTIONS
In an SO(J) gauge theory the field of the Dirac mono-
of charge 1, , in the z-isospin
direction into a global, nonsingular (for 0) gauge
field, thus s60wing the usefulness of the method of sec-
tions of Wu and Yang in avoiding the introduction of un-
physical singularities. For N=1 we thus conclude that
the basic 't Hooft-polyakov solution is strictly equiva-
lent to the Abelian monopole.
"1168. Luo Liao-Fu, Lu Tan
No 9, pp.396-J97.
Kexue Tongbao(China),1977, vol.22,
English translation in Kexue Tongbao (Scientia)(USA).
A POSSIBLE,HIGH SPIN MESON BUILT FROM MAGNETIC
MONOPOLE AND ANTIMONOPOLE
1169. Madore J. Gen.Relativ. and Gravitation(USA),1977,
vol.8, No 8,pp.655-664.
ON AXIALLY SOLUTIONS TO THE HIGGS-
KIBBLE-YANG-MILLSFIELD EQUATIONS
The field equations for axially symmetric generaliza-
tions of the It Hooft-Polyakov magnetic monopole are written
out in a preferred coordinate system. It is argued that no
soli tion solutions 'exist when the product 2 eg of the
electric charge e with the magnetic charge g is an
event integer.
1170. Madore J. Commun.Math.Phys.(Germany),1977, vol.56,
No 2, pp.115-12).
A CLASSIFICATION OF SU) MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
A scheme is proposed for SU) magnetic
monopoles when
'
the Higgs fields lie in the adjoint represen-
tation. The scheme is based on a study of the second homo-
topy groups of the orbit spaces.
1171. Mainland G.B.,. Takasugi E., Tanaka K.
vol.D15, No 10, pp.)007-)010.
Phys.Rev.,1977,
COMMON FEATURE OF NONLINEAR SOLVABLE MODELS
I'
It is argued that the ansatz T = O(trace of the
energy-momentum tensor order relevant space coordinates)
may be useful in obtaining analytic solutions to non-
linear models. Previously, known exact solutions
to models wi th vortex lines', magnetic monopoles, or pseudo-
particles can be obtained naturally from the equations of
motion supplemented by this ansatz.
1172. Mainland G.B., Takasugi E., Tanaka K. Dept. of Phys.
Ohio state Univ.,COO-1545-206; Columbus,USA ,1977.
FEATURE OF NON-LINEAR SOLVABLE MODELS
.1173. Manton N. S.
541 .
Nucl.Phys.,1977, vol.B126, No 3, pp.525-
THE FORCE BETWEEN 'T HOOFT-POLYAKOV MONOPOLES
A perturbative scheme for investigating the interac-
tion of widely separated 't Hooft-Polyakov monopoles is
developed. In the Prasad-Sommerfield limit, the force
between oppositely charged monopoles is found to have an
inverse square law behaviour, but the force between equally
charged monopoles is zero.
1174. Manton N.S. Dept. of Applied Mathametics and Theoretical
PhYSics Univ.
1
of Cambridge, DAMTP 77-30, Cambridge,1977.
COMPLEX STRUCTURE OF MONOPOLES
1175. Manton N.S. Dept. of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical
Physics, Univ. of Cambridge, Cambridge,DAMTP 77-8,1977.
THE FORCE BETV'IEEN 'T HOOFT-POLYAKOV MONOPOLES
1176. Maison D., Orfanidis S.J. Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D15,
No 12, pp.3608-3614.
,
SOME ASPECTS OF MONOPOLE THEORIES
Some aspects of the relationship between KalUZa's
generally covariant theory of electromagnetism and its
non-Abelian generalizations and a geometrical formulation
in terms of connection forms on principle fiber bundles
are illustrated by the examples of the magnetic monopole
(Abelian and non-Abelian) and the infinite solenoid.
. ') 1
- ( ... I.
1177. Marciano W., Pagels H., Parsa Z.
vol.D15, No 4, pp.1044-1049.
Phys.Rev. ,1977 t
MULTIPLY CHARGED MAGNETIC MONOPOLES, SU{J) PSEUDO-
AND GRAVITATIONAL
We how the finite-energy unit magnetic
monopole of an SU(2) gauge theory generalizes to configura-
tions with gauge theories. Masses and stability properties
of these topologically distinct solutions are discussed,
This same is shown to hold for the pseudo-
particl.e solution of Euclidean Yang-Mills theories. Finally,
properties of the gravitational pseudo-particle solutions
to the field equations are exhibited and discussed.
"
1178. Margolin A.E., Tomiltchik L.M. Izv. Akad.Nauk Belorussk.
SSR, sere fiz.-mat.,1977, No J, pp.7J-77.
CHARGE QUANTIZATION CONDITION IN GENERALIZED
KEPPLER PROBLEM
A conclusion is made for the charge quantization
condition in terms of a three-dimentional Euclidean group E.
. ,
which serves as a group of dynamical symmetry of two dually-
charged particle interactiort ( generalized Keppler problem).
Distinctly from existing approach, the group E
J
is
considered not as an uncompact exten'sion of the SOJ group,
but as a of the S04 group according to
Wagner method. It is shown that non-zero energy solution
to 1; (f'1 ot) representation of the EJgroup, where
and -are magnetic and electric interaction pa-.
rameters, respectively.
1179. Me Keon G. Phys.Rev.,1971, vol.D16, No 6, pp.1836-1839.
EXTENDED YANG-MILLS FORMALISM
In analogy with the extension of electromagnetism by
the inclusion of the Dirac monopole, the possibility of
extending the formalism to include two separate
types of self-coupling for the vector field is examined.
A local Lagrangian which lacks manifest rotational invariance
is presented .
<7J1-
-- .
1180. Mecklenburg W., 0' Brien D. P. , Dublin Inst. Advanced
StudiesfDIAS-T -77-10. Dublin,1977.
,
TIME-DEPENDENT PROPERTY OF THE
MONOPOLE
1181. Menihoff R., Sharp D.H.,
vol.18, No 3, pp.471-482.
J.Mathematical Phys.,1977,
A GAUGE INVARIANT FORMULATION OF QUANTUM ELECTRO-
DYNAMICS USING LOCAL CURRENTS
In this paper we formulate nonrelativistic quantum
electrodynamics in a local and manifestly gauge invariant
manner. This is eccomplished by using the electromagnetic
field strengths, rather than potentials, to describe the
electromagnetic field and local currents, rather than ca-
nonical fields to describe the matter. The exponentiated
currents and field strengths form a group, whose represen-
tations can be studied using the Geltfand-Vilenkin formaliso
"The currents and electromagnetic field strength can be
represented on a physical Hilbert space having positive
norm. (The necessity for an indefinite metric does not
arise here). Furthermore, the classical equations of motion
hold as operator equations on this Hilbert space. In this
formulation the requirement of gauge invariance is essen-
tially replaced by imposing the Maxwell initial value
equations, which in turn lead to constraints on systems of
Gel'fand-Vilenkin multipliers.
1182. Michel L., L.O.Raifeartaigh,K.C.Wali
voi.D15, No 12) pp.3641-3655.
Phys.Rev.,1977,
RADIALLY SEPARATED MONOPOLE SOLUTIONS IN NON-
ABELIAN GAUGE MODELS
The 't Hooft-Polyakov model generalized to an arbit-
rary compact gauge group is considered. The conditions
imposed on the fields by the requirement that the total
energy be finite is discussed. Static finite-energy solu-
tions are considered in which the fields can be expressed
as products of functions involving separately the radial
coordinate and the polar angles, and the internal symmetry
indices are associated with the angular functions. The
angular equations are solved and it is shown that the
tielQ outRide
gebra of the original algebra, and that inside the sub-
algebra it reproduces the tt Hooft-Polyakov solution.The
tt Hooft-Polyakov monopole is of the lowest possible mass.
118J. Michel L., O'Raifeartaigh L. Syracuse Univ.,SU-4210-88,
New York,1911.
RADIALLY SEPARATED MONOPOLE SOLUTIONS IN NON-
ABELIAN GAUGE MODELS
1184. Michel L.,O'Raifeartaigh L.,Wali C.K.
1911, vol.61B, No 2, pp.198-202.
Phys.Lett.,
STATIC-FINITE-ENERGY SOLUTION OF GAUGE FIELD WITH
SEPARATED RADIAL VARIABLE
For arbitrary compact gauge group G and real
representations of the Higgs fields, we seek static finite-
energy solutions for which the radial dependence of the
field is factorized. We find that the gauge fields vanish
outside a fixed SOCJ) subgroup of G, and that inside
SOCJ) they reduce to the t Hooft-Polyakov solution with
uni t magnetic, charge. The Higgs fields may belong to any
integer representation of this SO(3)
. 1185. Micu M. Rev.Rou.Phys.CRomania),1911, vol.22, No 4,
'pp.421-433.
GROUP THEORETICAL APPROACH TO MONOPOLE THEORIES
A group theorotioal approaoh to the magnetio monopole
theory is presented where the monopole appears through the
requirement that the Hamiltonian operator be a scalar with
respect to the orthogonal group whose generators are writ-
ten in a form which is different from the well-known expre-
ssion r x p. The vector potential of the monopole is
I
extracted from that part of the Hamiltonian which describes
the minimal interaction with a vector field.
1186. Mignani R.
pp.425-42B.
Int.J.Theor.Phya 1977. vol.16, No 6,
A PATH-DEPENDENT APPROACH TO COLORED MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
Abelian gauge theory of magnetic monopoles is
extended to the non-Abelian case, by means of Mandelstam's
path-dependent approach to Yang-Mills fields. In this
frame-work, the SU(3) generalization of Dirac's relation-
ship plays the role of a consistency condition for the
theory.
1187. Mignani' R. Instituto Nasionale Di Fisica Nucleare,
INFN, L'Aquila Univ.,1977.
QUATERNIONS AND LORENTZ TRANSFORMATIONS
/
1188. Mignani R. Instituto Di Fisica G.Markoni, Universita
di Roma, Roma, 1977. '
QUATERNIONS AND LORENTZ
1189. Mignani R. Instituto di Fisica G.Marconi, Univ.
di Roma, No 54, Roma,1977.
,
GRAVITATIONAL MONOPOLES
We discuss the possibility of introducing gravitatio-
nal "magnetic" monopoles (i.e. sources of the dual Rieman
tensor) into'Einstein's equations, by means of Mandelstamts
path dependent approach. to the gravitational field. It is
shown that, in this framework, gravitational monopoles aris
straightforwardly from a consistency requirement for the
theory. Moreover, their existenoe implies a local violatioll
of energy-momentum conservation law. Poaaible relations
with the steady-state cosmological model, strong black
holes and unified theories of gravitational and strong
interactions are briefly considered.
1190. Montonen C., Olive D. Phys.Lett.,1977, vol.B72.
Wg 1,
MAmmTIC MONOPOLES AS GAUGE PARTICLES?
Evidence is presented for the following conjecture:
when quantized, the magnetic monopole solition solutions
constructed by tt Hooft(1974) and Polyakov(1974), as
modified by Prasad, Sommerfield(1975) and Bogomolny(1976),
form a gauge triplet with the photon, corresponding to a
Lagrangian similar to the original Georgi -Glashow one,
but with magnetic replacing electric charge.
I'
1191. Montonen C., Olive D. European organization for
Nuclear Research, CERN-TH-2391, Geneva,1977.
,
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AS GAUGE PARTICLES?
1192. Moshir M. ph. D. Thesis, Princeton Univ.,USA,1977.
Univ.microfilms order No ,
INTERACTION OF LEPTONS AND IVIAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The interaction of solitions with other particles
represented by extra field variables is studied. It is
shown that-the problem reduces to solving a Schrodinger

equation for the auxiliary fields in a potential generated
by the solition solution. The case where the solition is ,
't Hooft-polyakov magnetic monopole is considered in det'aiJ
and the resulting Schrodinger equation is solved for
several models. It is shown that in a scattering of chargee
particles by the monopole it is possible for the charged
particle to lose its charge and give it to the monopole.
First a multiplet of charged scalar fields is used for
auxiliary fields, then the case ora multiplet of spin AIR
fields is considered. Finally the Georgi-Glashow model is
'used for the leptons and the corss 'section calculated for
the neutrino turning into an the monopole
turning int6 a Assuming a mass::of 50 GeV for the
W mesons the cross sections are evaluated for the scalar
and Georgi-Glashow cases numerically. It is found that
in the energy range of order 1 GeV the cross section for
the process (neutrino-,. electron) is some order of mag-'
than the sec-
tion, and an energy of 10 GeV the ratio reaches 10D.
1193. Nambu Y.
1977.
Caltech Rasadena,CALT-68-6J4, Calted,Rasadena,
SOME TOPOLOGICAL CONFIGURATIONS III GAUGE THEORIES
1194. Nambu Y. Nucl.Phys.,1977, vol.B1JO, pp.505-516.
STRING-LIKE CONFIGURATIONS IN THE WEINBERG-SALAM
THEORY
The Weinberg-Salam theory of electromagnetic and weak
interactions admits classical configurations in which
a pair of magnetic monopoles is bound by a flux string
of the Z field. They give rise to Regge trajectories
of excitations with a mass scale in the TeV range.
1195. Nambu Y. Ann.N.Y. Acad.Sci.,1977, vol.294, pp.74-
79. International symposium on five decades of weak
interactions, New York, N.Y.,1977. '
MONOPOLES, STRINGS AND INSTANIONS
Some solutions of Yang-Mills field equations that
have implications in elementary physics are
discussed st,arting with the Landau-Ginzburg theory of
superconductivity in which a complex field is introduced
to represent the superfluid of condensed electrons (Cooper
pairs). Monopoles string, and insantons are included as
the treatment progresses.
1196. Nambu Y. Enrico Fermi Univ.,EFI-77-59,
Chicago, 1977.
'.'
STRING-LIKE IN THE WEINBERG-SALAM
THEORY
1197. Nambu Y. In'QUARKS AND HADRONIC STRUCTURE; Ed.Mor-
purgo G New York-London,1917. pp.281-292.
DESCRIPtION OF HADRONIC STRUCTURE
,.!)6. NO!'8110 M.,! Salim J.M. 29 Annual Meeting of the
Brazilian Society for Advancement of Science, Braziliam
Brazil,1911.
Cienc.cult.(Sao Paolo) Supl.,1917, vol.29, No 1, p.)21.
I
1199. O'Raifeartaigh L., Rownsley J. Dublin Inst. Advanced
Studies, DIAS-TP-11-28, Dublin,1911.
MASS-SPECTRUM FOR MONOPOLES OF INTEGRAL ISOSPIN.
BAG-MODEL AS THE HIGH ISOSPIN LIMIT
1200. O'Raifeartaigh L.
pp.205-208.
Lett.Nuovo Cim.,1911, vol.18, No 1,
GAUGE AND REPRESENTATION-INDEPENDENT PROOF
OF THE GOTH-Vw'EINBERG THEOREM
1201. Ozaki S. Preprint, 1911.
THE STRUCTURE OF HADRONS BASED ON COLOURED DYONS.
'II. AN INTERPRETATION OF THE NARROW RESONANCES
(Revised paper)
1202. Ozaki S. Preprint, 1911.
, QUANTUM FIELD THEORY OF MAGNETIC CHARGE I.
1203. Parkash O.,Rajput B.S. Indian J.Phys.,1911, vol.50,
No 11, pp.929-941.
STUDY OF FIELDS ASSOCIATED WITH SPIN-1 PARTICLES
CARRYING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGES
It has been shown that electric and magnetic fields
due to spin-1 particles carrying electric and magnetic
charges are symmetrical. In order to avoid the arbitrary
string variables in the solution of field equations, two
four-potentials are introduced and it has been shown that
oomponents are proportional to electric and magnetic
current source densities, respectively.
1204. Parse Z.J. Ph.D.Thesis. Polytechnic Inst. of New York,
Brooklyn, USA,1911, University microfilms order No 11-21,
082. . \
SOME TOPOLOGICAL SOLITIONS:VORTICES ,MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES AND INSTANTONS
1205. Patkos A. Nucl.Phys.,1911, vol.B129, No 2, pp.339-353.
A NON-ABELIAN VORTEX-BOND MODEL OF HADRONS
It is argued for a general class of models by analyzinl
the internal,holonomy group of the cylindrically symmetric
solutions that the most general vortex-like configurations
of minimal energy can always be transformed to Abelian
form. The corresponding "magnetic" fluxes are defined
gauge In the case of the SU(3) local gauge
group,Nambu's valency-model is recovered. The stability
problem in the case of small-amplitude oscillations reduces
to the analogue investigation for "truely" Abelian vortices.
/'
1206. Patrascioiu A. Phys.Rev.,D15, No 10, pp.3051-3053.
CLASSICAL EUCLIDEAN SOLUTIONS
The magnetic monopole and the A<p4kink are
discussed as'Euclidean solutions in field theory in 2+1
and 0+1 dimensions, respectively. A new type of pseudo-
particle in 3+1 dimensions is proposed.
,
1201. Pavlovic P.
175.
Czech.J.Phys.,1911. vol.21, No 2,pp.112-
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES (In Slovack)
A brief survey of experimental methods of finding the
I
magnetic monopole. The basic ideas of the Dirac theory
are listed, the basic experiments are rpincipally charac-
terized and the results thereof are tabulated. The latest
experiments carried out on the SerpukhoY synchrotron are
6esari Of HI.
1208. Inst.Teor. i Eksp.Fiz., Preprint
No 82, Mosoow,1977.
A SEARCH FOR TACHYON M01IOPOIJES
The upper limits of production probability of the
0.25-9 MeV m,ass tachyon monopoles in e+e- annihilation
are obtained in the present paper.
1209. Pradhan T. Inst.of Physics Bhubaneswar,IP-BBSR-77-16,
Bhubaneswar,India,1977.
FABRICATION OF MAGNETIC CHARGE FROM EXCITED
H-ATOM

1210. Prokhvatilov V., Franke V.A. Vestn.Leningr.Univ.,
Fiz.,1977.No 10, pp.139-141.
ON SOLUTIONS OF THE "FINITE STRINGS" TYPE IN
CLASSICAL GAUGE FIELD THEORIES
(In Russian)
The of non-Abelian gauge field which allows
energetically stable solutions of the "finite strings"
type has been considered.
1211. Protogenov A.P.
pp.62-64.
.,
Phys.Lett.,1977, vol.67B, No 1,
EXACT CLASSICAL SOLUTIONS OF YANG-MILLS
SOURCELESS EQUATIONS
Exact solutions of dual equations are found. They
describe classical particle-like field formations poss-
essing the zero energy and imaginary electric and magnetic
charges. Possible interpretation of the solutions is
associated with the hypothesis discu88.ed on the existence
of two more vacuums, except for the trivial one, which
are degenerated, complex-conjugated and characterized by
I
the zero mean value of the charge and its negative rms
value.
1212. Ramachandran;' R., Raval V.M. Pramana J.Phys.,1977,
No 5, pp.507-514.
DUAL CHARGE SOLUTION IN CURVED
A classical SU(2) m U(1) -gauge theory with duplicate
,
complex scalar fields which permits the symmetry sponta-
neous violation ( the Weinberg-Salama model) is considered.
The :solution of the equations of motion is found, for which
,
a scalar field is equal to a constant ,_ and gauge fields
are of Coulomb type. The expression for a
tensor of electromagnetic field strength is built ( taking- .. -
into account that the electromagnetic field is a mixture
of a U(1)-field and a neutral component of SU(2)-fields).
I
This makes it possible to establish that the
obtained solution has electric and magnetic charges(a
. charged solution). The electric charge can be arbitrary
and the magnetic charge g is equal to g=sin
2
Q/e, where
e is a charge of ordinary scalar and vector fields, and
I
Q is the Weinberg angle. The magnetic charge quantization
condi tion is valid only at sin
2
Q =1/2. The electric
; charge of the solution is e multiple. It is shown, that
.the system of bound Yang-Mills and.Einstein equations has
the same solution. The corresponding metric has the Reisner-
Norstem form. The obtained solution has inifnite energy
in the plane!space. It is assumed, that this difficulty
is eliminated by taking into account gravitational fields
or quantum effects.
I
1213. Ramachndran R. In: QUARKS AND HADRONIC STRUCT,
Ed. Morpurgo G., New york-London,1977.p.J05.
MONOPOLE-ANTIMONOPOLE BOUND STATE
1214. Ramachandran R. Proceedings of the III High Energy
Physics Symposium held at Bhubaneswar, India
t
1976. Ed.
Sarma K.V.L., Bombay, Dept. of Atomic Energy,1977, vol.2,
pp.209-234.
MAGNETIC rJONOPOLE SOLUTIONS
Unusual features of the monopole solutions of some
non-Abelian gauge theories obtained by classical and semi-
classical approximations are discussed. Topological quantum
numbers are introduced for the conservation of the magnetic
charge. The features of 't Hooft-Polyakov model for monopole
are described. Spin and isospin mixing, SU-3 groups in the
monopole solutions are discussed. This may throw some lieht
on the problem of the confinement of the quark-monopole and
in finding a model for the hadron states arising from strong
interacti ons.
1215. Ramachandran R. Phys. News t 1971, vol.8, no 2, pp.66-10.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE AND CLOSE RELATIVES
The general features of the classical magnetic monopole
are described. The quantization of angular momentum of the
charge-monopole system is discussed. Attempts to discover
monopoles in high energy cosmic ray interactions and in
accelerators and methods for detection are mentioned. The
applications of monopole -like theories in subnuclear phy-
sics ,specially in strong interactions, is indicated.
1216. Ramsay N.F. In: WORKSHOP ON FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS
EXPERIMENTS WITH REACTOR NEUTRONS AND NEUTRINOS t Ed. Von
- Egidy T., pp.61-69.
FUTURE EXPERIMENTS ON THE PROPERTIES OF FREE
NEUTRONS
Eighteen properties of free neutrons:instability,
mass,wave properties, spin, quantized properties, strong
forces, electric charge, magnetic monopole, electric dipole
moments, magnetic dipole moment, higher multipole moments,
electric polarizabili ty, diamagnetic sliccepti bili ty ,neutron-
electron interaction, 'internal distribution of electric
charge, internal distribution of magnetization, weak inter-
action with - are considered and comments made on
the possibility of their measurements in the future.
1217. Raut1an S.G., 5afonov V.P.
t
Bm1rnov G.l.
1977, vol. 70B, No 2, pp.278-280.
I
Phys.Lett.,
ON THE POSSIBILITY OF REGISTRATION OF DIRAC MONOPOLE
BY NONLINEAR EFFECTS Ilr THE EMISSION OF INTERSTELLAR
MASERS '
A method for detection of magnetic Dirac monopoles by
anomalies of maser radio emission of cosmic OH molecules
is proposed.
I
1218. Rawnsley J.H., Tchrakian D.H. J.Phys.,1977, vol.10,
No 5, pp.L87-L90.
COMMENT ON THE MAGNETIC CHARGE OF YANG-MILLS
FIELDS WITH LARGE INTERNAL GROUP
Working in the adjoint representation of the gauge
group, we give a definition of magnetic charge in terms only
of the Higgs field, for groups of 2n x 2n matrices (n -inte-
ger). We apply this recipe to two SO(4) and SU(4).
1219. Rawnsley J.H., Tcbrakian D.H. Dublin Inst.Advanced
Studies - DIAS-TP-77-06, Dublin, Ireland,1977.
---'- .
J
ON THE MAGNETIC CHARGE OF YANG-MILLS
FIELDS WITH LARGE INTERNAL SYMMETRY GROUP
I
.1
1220. Rawnsley J.H. J.Phys.,1977, vol.10, No 8, pp.L139-
L141.
SPHERICALLY MONOPOLES ARE SMOOTH
The spherically symmetric monopole solutions, whose
existence was regorously demonstrated by Tyupkin,Fateev
and Shwatz ( see Math.Theor.Phys.t vol.26, p.270,1976)
are shown to be regular everywhere .
1221. Rawnsley ~ H Dublin Inst. Advanced Studies, DIAS-TP-
77.15. Dublin.Ireland.1977.
BPERICALLY SYMMETRIC MOll0POLES ARE SMOOTH
1222. Recami E. In: THE UNCERTAINTY PRINCIPLE AND FOmmATIOn
OF QUANTUM MECHANICS, Ed. Price W.C. and Chisside S.S.,
London, 1977.
A NEW THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OUTLOOK ON
'I MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
1223. Romanov V.N., Schwartz A.S, Tyupkin Yu.s.
1977, vol.B130, No 2, pp.209-220.
Nucl.Phys,
ON SPHEIiICALLY SYMMETRIC FIELDS IN GAUGE THEORIES
,
Gauge fields admitting spherical symmetry are listed.
Spherically symmetric solutions of Yang-Mills equations ant
spherically symmetric magnetic monopoles are studied. A
simple exact" solution of the Yang-Mills and Einstein equa-
tions is found.
1224. Rossi P. Phys.Lett.,1977, vol.11B, No 1, pp.145-148.
I
FERMION ZERO MODES AND "HIDDEN" SYM:METRY
,
1225. Rossi P. Pisa Scnola Norm.sup.,Pisa,1977.
FERMION ZERO MODES AND "HIDDEN" SYMMETRY
1226. Rossi P. Nucl.Phys.,1977, vol.B127, No 3, pp.518-536.
SPIN-1/2 PARTICLES IN THE FIELD OF MONOPOLES
The equations of motion of a spin -1/2 particle in
the field of a point-like (Abelian and non-Abelian) monopo:
are solved; helicity states and scattering solutions are
I
constructed. The motion in an extended monopole and dyon
source is disscued: charge-exchange scattering amplitudes
are computed in the distorted-wave Eorn approximation.By
the introduction of suitable spinors, the separation of
variables is accomplished for any value of isospin. The
non-existence of fermion zero modes in the field of an
8U(2) monopole when T /' 1, J > 1/2 is shovm.
1221. Rossi P. Pisa SenoIa Norm.sup.,Pisa,1977.
SPIN 1/2 PARTICLES IN THE FIELD OF MONOPOLES
1228. Roth R.
1911.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab.,LBL-6473, Berkeley,
PROPAGATOR IN A THEORY WITH CONFINEMENT
1229. Rund H. J.Math.Phys.,1"977, vol.18, No 1, pp.84-95.
CLEBSCH POTElJTIALS IN THE THEORY OF ELECTROMAGNETIC
FIELDS ADMITTING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGE DISTRI
BUTIONS
Any skew-symmetric tensor field on a four-dimensional
pseudo-Riemannian space V
4
admits a representation in
terms of Clebsch potentials and their derivatives. Since
the usual 4-potential representation of the electromagnetic
field tensor of classical electrodynamics breaks down in the
presence of magnetic charges, these Clebsch potentialS are-
treated as the field variables of an invariant variational
principle. The resulting Euler-Lagrange equations determine
not only a useful representation of the electromagnetic
field tensor ( in the presence of magnetic charges), but
also give rise to Maxwell-type field equations. The associa-
ted Lagrange density defines a unique energy-momentum ten-
sor entirely on the basis of invariant consideration. A
generalized variational principle is postulated, whose
Euler-Lagrange equations specify the behaviour of both the
electromagnetic field tensor and the.: metric tensor of V 4.
Tnese are generalized Einstein -Maxwell equations. For the
case of a spherically symmetric line-element and a static
electromagnetic fiel<\ an explici t solution of these equatior:
,
is found which generalizes the well-known Reissner-Nordst-
rom metric. In the course of the construction of this solu-
tion the magnetic charge of the central mass appears natura
ly as a constant of integration of the associated differen-
tial far tho potantialo. Tho
of motion of a test particle in an external electromagne-
tic field are also deduced from a variational prinCiple;
subject to fairly weak restrictions, the expected generali-
zation of the classical Lorentz force emerges from this
analysis.
1230. Rund H. 'J.Math.Phys.,1977, vol.18, No 7, pp.1312-1315.
ENERGY-MOr.1EUTillli TENSOR IN THE THEORY OF ELECTRO-
--MAGNETIC FIELDS ADMITTING ELECTRIC CHARGE DISTRIBU-
TIONS
Vfuen the field tensor of an electromagnetic field
admitting both electric and magnetic charge distributions
is expressed in terms of a Clebsch representation, the
extended Maxwell equations in the presence of a given
graVitational field are derivable from an invariant varia-
tional principle in which the Clebsch potentials play role
usually by the claSSical 4-potentials. The corres-
ponding Lagrange density gives rise in a unique manner
to a symmetric tensor density T
hj
, which displays some
of the properties normally associated with the energy-
momentum tensor density of the electromagnetic field.How-
ever, this interpretation may be in conflict with the
generally accepted expression for the modified Lorentz forc
Accordingly an alternative energy-momentum tensor density
Ohj,is derived which does not suffer from this drawback.
However, when a generalized variational principle for the
simultaneouB determination of the behaviour of both the
electromagnetiC and the dynamical gravitational fields is
introduced, the resulting Euler-Lagrange equations give ris
to extended. Einstein-Maxwell equati;ons which involve the
densi ty T
hj
., On the other hand, the ,alternative Einstein-
Maxwell equations, obtained by the replacement of T
hj
by
Ohj are not derivable from a principle. The
solutions of the two Einstein-Maxwell equations. for the
ease of a spherically symmetric metric and static electro-
magnetic field. predict distinctly different effects of the
magnetic charges on the gravitational field.
1231. Sastry G.P., Parida B.K. - Z.Naturforsch.,1977, vol.)2,
No 10, pp.1126-1128,
CHERENKOV LOSSES OF A RELATIVISTIC NEUTRON IN A
. ,
CONDUC TING MEDItn.T
Expressions are derived for the combined Cherenkov
. and ohmic losses of a relativistic magnetic dipole moving
in a 1) strongly and 2) weakly conducting medium.
1232. Sawada T. Inst. of Physics, University of Tsukuba,
UTHEP-16, Ibaraki, Japan,1977.
EVIDENCE FOR THE STRONG VAN DER WAALS INTERACTIOn
1233. Singh V.
1977.
I
IN THE LOW ENERGY PP SCATTERING
Tata Inst. of Fundamental Research, Bombay,
APPROACHES TO HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
. 1234. Sinha A. -Columbia Univ., Dept. of Phys.,CU-TP-100,
llew York, USA
i
, 1977.
LORENTZ TRANSFORMATIONS FOR GAUGE THEORY MONOPOLE
SOLUTIONS
The Poincare group transformations are discussed
in the presence of monopole solutions in gauge theories,
using the canonical formalism developed by Christ, Guth
and Weinberg. It is shown that the infinitesimal
mations generated by the Dirac brackets with the generators
defined, as usual, by the Belinfante tensor satisfy the
Poincare group in the so-called axial gauge.
1235. Sinha A. Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.16, No 6, pp.1828-18J5.
LORENTZ TRANSFORMATIONS FOR GAUGE THEORY
MONOPOLE SOLUTIONS
1236. Sokolov v.v.
pp.427-4J2.
J.Nucl.Phys.(Russ.), 1977, vol.26, lIo 10,
ON THE THEORY OF DIRAC MAGNETIC POLES
It discovered why the singularity lines arise in
the theory of Dirac magnetic poles. This feature is shovm
to be. caused by ambiguous dependence of the asimuthal angle
upon the space point and therefore is of purely kinematic
origin. A correct account of this ambiguity results in
disappearance of the string contribution to calssical and
quantum equation of motion and to the Poisson brackets.
The validity of the Jacoby identity is explicitly demonstra-
ted for the double Poisson brackets of the cartesian coor-
dinates of the relative velocity.
1237. Sokolov V.V. Sov.J.Nucl.Phys.(English Translation),
1977, No 2, pp.224-227.
THEORY OF DIRAC MAGNETIC. POLES
.---
1238. Sorkin R. J.Phys.A, 1977, vol.10, No 5, pp.718-725.
ON THE RELATION BETVffiEN CHARGE AND TOPOLOGY
The generalization of Stokes' theorem to non-orientable
manifolds shows that a suitable topology can appear to
carry "net" electromagnetic charge. By treating this as the
origin of electric charge in nature one explains the non-
existence of magnetic monopoles.
,
I
1239. Stern A. Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D15, No 12, pp.J672-J674.
RESONANCES IN SU(2) GAUGE THEORY
Classical periodic trajectories are shown to exist
for a test particle moving in an external SU(2) gauge field.
The field is assumed to be static and of the form proposed
by Wu and Yang. The energy of the system is positive, so
the orbits are expected to give rise to a spectrum of
metastable states. A Bohr-Sommerfield quantization scheme
is proposed f9r finding the spectrum. The results 'are
applied to the problem of a particle interacting with a
, Polyakov- t t Hooft mOli.opole, via the explicit solution of
Prasad and Sommerfield.
1240. Stern A, S'yracuse Univ., SU-4210-90, New York, 1977.
- RESONANCES IN SU(2) GAUGE THEORY
1241. Stora R. In: NEW DEVELOPMENT IN QUANTillvI FIELD THEORY
AND STATISTICAL MECHANICS, Proceedings of the 1976 Cargese
Summer Inst. held at Cargese, France. New York,1977,
pp.201-224.
CONTINUill11 GAUGE THEORIES
1242. Tanikawa Y. Dept. of Phys., Kobe Univ., Kobe,1977.
REPORT ON FIFTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON WEAK
INTERACTIONS WITH VERY HIGH ENERGY BEAMS
1243. Teramoto Yoshiteru, Uchusen Kenkyu ,1977, v ~ 1 . 2 1 No 3,
pp.314-325.
DETECTION OF DIRAC MONOPOLE WITH THE COMBINATION
OF MUON BURST DETECTOR,NEUTRINO DETECTOR AND
CORE DETEqTOR( In Japanese)
(Study meeting on 100 TEV muon and high energy neutrino,
Tanashi, Tokyo, Japan,3-4 Feb.,1977).
Dirac monopole has been searched in accelerator expe-
riments, 'cosmic ray as experiments and meteorite analysis.
The upper limit on the'monopole flux has been obtained from
these experiments. In order to detect- magnetic monopole
_. 'i.') y'} _
___ II
in cosmic ray, the detector must have the sensitivity of
being able to observe at least the flux of 10 KAC CM K BS
K ASR K A. The identification of magnetic monopole is made
by using that the ionization,loss is 5000 times as large
a8 !r fflUOfi
detector, neutrino detector and core detector are used for
the monopole search, the detection sensitivity can be
increased by 10-10 G times as much as the present stage.
1244. Tereshenkov V.I., Tomilchik L.M. Vestsi Akad.Nauk
Belorussk.SSR, sere fiz.-mat., 1977, No 5, pp.112-116.
_ DIRAC POTNETIAL AS A SOLUTION OF THE POISSON
EQUATION
By using the method of generalized functions it has
been shown that the Dirac potential for a stationary mono-
pole is a solution of the Poisson equation, where the right-
side singularity part is obtained from the expression for
current density of a semi-infinite thin solenoid in
to zero its transversal dimensions.
1245. Tomilchik L.M. VINITI (Russ. ) ,
No 1656,1977.
LAGRANGIAN FORM-INVARIANCE OF FREE ELECTROMAGNETIC
FIELD- AND PRESERVING DUAL CURRENT
1246. Tomilchik L.M. Inst. of Phys., Akad. of Sci. Belorussk.
SSR, Preprint No 131, 1977
.. .
LIENAR-WICHERT-TYPE POTENTIALS FOR DIRAC MONOPOLE
The relativistically covariant expression for Dirac

monopolw potential depending on a constant isotropic four-
vector is found. The electromagnetic field of the arbitra-
rily moving monopole is calculated. Outside the singularity
line this field coincides with the field of point like
magnetic charge.
1247. Toussaint D., Wilczele F.
f977.
Princeton Univ.,preprint,
IT HOOFT MONOPOLES IN CARGER GAUGE GROUPS
1248. Trautman A.
pp. 561-565.
--
Int. J.Theor. Phys. ,1977, vol.16, No 8,
SOLUTIONS OF THE MAX'NELL AND YANG-MILLS EQUATIONS
ASSOCIATED WITH HOPF FIBRINGS
It is shown that the magnetic pole of ,owest strength
and the pseudoparticle solution of the Yang-Mills equations
corresponding
cipal bundles
respectively.
to natural connections defined on the prin-
U(2)/ U(1 S2 and Sp(2)/sp(1 )=S7- S4'
This observation leads to a general method
of constructing new, topologically nontrivial solutions of
the Maxwell and Yang-Mills equations. Among them is an
instant on" defined over the two-dimensions
I
complex space with the Fubini-Study
metric.
1249. Trippe G., Barbaro-Galtieri A., Horne C.P.,Kelly R.L,
Phys.Lett.,1977, vol.B68, No 1, pp.1-JO.
NEW PARTICLE SEARCHES AND DISCOVERIES
A supplement to the 1976 edition of "Review of particll
properties ft. /'
This supplement tothe 1976 edition of "Review of
particle properties",Particle Data Group (Rev.Mod.Phys.,48,
No.2, Part II,1976), contains tabulations of experimental
data bearing on the "new particles" and related topics;
I
gories covered include charmed and their
decay products, and heavy leptons. Errata to the previous
edition are also given.
_ 11 '),''''\._ i, :i1'
.::>_ \_. t. ! 'L
1250. Vergeles S.N., Khokhlachev S.B. Yad.Fiz.,1977, vol.26,
No 4. pp.883-891.
I'
QUANTUM THEORY OF POLYAKOV-tT HOOFT MONOPOLE
(In Russian)
A perturbation theory for the wave functions of the
monopole and dyons is developed in the gauge theory with
a gauge SU(2) group ~ n d Higg's triplet of particles. Small
as well as high dyo!! 'charges are treated. Excited states
of the monopole with non-zero spin are found.
1251. Vergeles S.N., Khokhlachev S.B. Sov.J. Nucl.Phys.
(English Transl),1977, vol.26, No 4, pp.46)-467.
QUANTUM THEORY OF POLYAKOV-'T HOOFT
MONOPOLE
1252. Villervel D. In: GROUP THEORETICAL METHODS IN PHYSICS,
V-th International Colloquium in Group Theoretical Methods
,
in Physics, Montreal, canada,1976. Eds. Sharp R., Kolman B.
New York,1977, pp.507-514.
POINCARE GROUP AND WlAGNETIC CHARGE
In attempt is made to give a canonical Hamiltonian
formulation for a system of classical electric and magnetic
charges without the introduction of potentials.
--_.
i
1253. Vinciarelli P.
pp.1179-1182.
Phys.Rev.Lett.,1977, vol.38, No 21,
COLLAPSE OF FLUX LINES - THE INVISIBLE STRING
Flux bundles with non-zero transverse winding numbers,
in spontaneously broken non-Abelian gauge models or electro-
magnetics with anomalous magnetic moment interactions,
collapse to string of vanishing transverse size and vanishil
classical energy per unit length. This self-focusing phe-
nomenon, which occurs independently of the strength of
coupling constants and other Lagrangian parameters, yields
the first example of solition solutions as distributions
extended only witnin a manifold of lower dimenSionality t ~ a
space-time.
1254. Vinciarelli P. Princeton Inst. Adv.Study, Princeton,
New Jersey, ,977.
COLLAPSE OF FLUX J:,INES -THE INVIS IBLE STRING
1255. Wadia S.R. Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.15, No 12, pp.3615-
J628,,!
HAMILTONIAN FORMULATION OF nON-ABELIAN GAUGE
THEORY WITH SURFACE TERMS: APPLICATIONS TO
THE DYON SOLUTIon
A Hamiltonian formulation is presented to include
topologically nontrivial asymptotic structure,
such as the dyon. The variational principle and i"is implicE:
tions are discussed;a dynamical treatment of boundary condi
tions requires the extension of the usual phase space of tr
non-Abelian gauge theory to include gauge parameters at
spatial infinity. A detailed discussion of internal charge
rotations is presented; various gauges are discussed.ln
terms of the well-defined action of surface integrals on
canonical variables we formulate a criterion for the admis-
sibility of gauge conditions within the Hamiltonian formulc
tion. A detailed discussion and existence of the Coulomb
gauge is presented. The Poincare invariance of the theory
is established.
1256. Wilczek F. 1 In: QUARK CONFINEMENT AND FIELD THEORY,
Symposium on Quark Binding,Rochester,1976. 'Eds.Stump D.R.,
Weingartee D.H., New York,1977, pp.211-219.
!
GE01ffiTRY AND INTERACTIONS OF INSTANTONS
I
Some work on classical gauge fields is summarized.
First it is shown how Rienmannian geometry structures lead
to SO(4) gauge structures, and give some applications of
this idea. Second, it is shown how the existence of in-
equivalent embeddings of SU(2) in larger groups has some
remarkable implications for the interactions of ins tan tUDe
( and monopoles).
1257. Wilkinson D., Goldhaber A.S. Phys.Rev.,1977, vol.D16.
No 4, pp.1221'-1231.
SPHERICALLY MONOPOLES
A universal prescription is given for the construction
, ,
of symmetric monopole, solutions for arbitrary
groups, and for SU(N) a practical scheme for obtaining
minimum-energy solutions is proposed.
1258. Wilkinson D. state Univ. of New York, stony Brook,1977.
MONOPOLE BOu}ID STATES: AN SU(4)
1259. Wilkinson D.
pp.423-444.
Nucl.Phys.,1977, vol.B125, No 3-4,
MONOPOLE BO{ThlJ) STATES.AN SU(4) EXAMPLE
Finite monopole solutions are studied in SU(4)
spontaneously broken to SU(2) XSU(2) XU(1) by a single
Higgs field in the adjoint representation. Both the smallest
and double strength monopoles which couple only to the U(1)
charge are wnitten in a spherically symmetric form, thus
allowing the corresponding energies to be coupled numerical-
ly.' It is found that the mass of the double pole is ahvays
more than twice that of the single pole, except in the limit
of vanishing scalar self-couplings when it is exactly twice.
I
Analytic solutions are obtained in this limit. The question
of the existence of finite energy solutions corresponding
to a given spherically symmetric point monopole is
discussed.
1260. WU T,T. and Yang C.N.
pp.1018-1021.
,
Phys.Rev.,1977, vol. D16,No 4,
SOME PROPERTIES OF MONOPOLE HARMONICS
standard properties, an addition theorem,
are proved for monopole harmonics.
1261 . '
",.- .
Yomg-Shi, Kuo H:m-Yinp:.
vo1.20, No 2,pp.186-l96.
Scientin Sinica,1977,
THE STRUCTURE OF PRINCIPLE BUNDLES FOR
DUAL ,CHARGES IN GAUGE TIIEORI ES
of electromap:netic fields near a
monopole with in terms of the
1:cHt; fftRJ." nnni:!r:i.v:i.ft+ U
l
) ta-
tion over S with a group U
l
A
structure of the Pg(S, U
l
) main nontrivial (iiffercntia-
tion is studied. It is shown that for the g=l minimum
magnetic monopole ( in 1/2e units) whiZh satisfy the Dirac
quantization condit.ion, the main Pl(S ,U
l
)
isomorphous to the Hopff differentiat10n S over the
5 bnse with a U
l
structure group. At a suitable intro-
ducti2n of a matrix on n group set the differentiation
PI (5 ,U
l
) for a static mon2pole is a S sphere. For a
general case g=D the
3
Pl(S , U
l
) main differentiati2n is
isomorphous to the 5 /2
D
differentiation over the 5 base
with a standarn beam U
l
/ZR where Zn is ., cyclic sub-
group U
l
of the' 2 order. t a suitabIe introduction of
the m2tr1x, the 5 /Z is the main differentiation of
PDf 5 ,U
1
). for a staRic monopole. The problem of introrlu-:
C1ng dua charges into the non-Abelian gauge theory is
being investigated. By means of a homotopical
tion of differentiations over the it is shown that
in a 5U(2), invariant theory with 5 E , the equiva-
lence classes are characterized by dual charges which cor-
respond to the second Chern class. It is
7
shown that the
differentiation is isomorphous to the 5 Hoppff differen-
tiation. The gauge potential is a 0(5) poten-
tial of the 5U(2) invariant monopoles or an instantaneous
solution in the Yang-Mills theory.
,.., I
- . ' .. I
..I -
1262. WU Yong-Shi, Chen Shin, Tu Tung-Sheng, Kuo'Han-Ying.
Phys.Energ.Fort.Phys.Nucl.,1977, vol.1, pp.52-64.
DUAL CHARGES OF A SUBGROUP IN GAUGE THEORIES-
MAQNlij'J,';tO Q:F Alm OAUOlil
FIELD( In Chinese)
1263. Yang C.N. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci.,1977, vol.294, pp.86-97.
International Symposium on Five Decades of Weak Interac-
tions,
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES, FIBER BlTh-rnLES, AND GAUGE
FIELDS
It is shown that the theory of fiber bundles is not
unrelated to the structure of physical world. Starting
with a demonstration that electromagnetism and quantum
mechanisc together lead naturally to nontrivial fiber
bundles, the proof progresses to a trace of the early
history of the gauge field concept and its generalization
emphasizing three related but different conceptual motiva-
tions each of which leads to a general formulation of gauge
fields. Also included are magnetic monopoles and their
harmonics, and the Hilbert space.
1264. Yang C.N. New York State'University, Stony Brook,
'ITP-SB-77-20, Stony Brook,1977.
GENERALIZATION OF DIRAC'S MONOPOLE TO SU(2) GAUGE
FIELDS
1265. Yang C. N.
1917.
New York State University, Stony Brook,
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES,GAUGE FIELDS AND FIBER
BUNDLES
(talk)
1266. yonyea T.
1762.
J.Math.Phys.,1977, vol.18, No 9, pp.1759-
TOPOLOGY OF EUCLIDEAN YANG-MILLS FIELDS:
IllSTANTONS AND ;,j'QN"OPQLES
1267. yonyea T. New York City College, CCNY-lillP-77-1,
New York, 1977.
TOPOLOGY OF EUCLIDEAN UANG-MILLS FIELDS:
INSTANTONS AND liIONOPOLES
Heneralizes the topology of instantons and monopoles
to higher dimensional space. Some of the work paralles
R75. Y.
1268. Yonyea T.
1977.
New York City College,CCNY-HEP-6,New York,
STABILITY AnD INSTABILITY OF THE WU-YANG SOLUTlmJ
OF YANG-taLLS FIELD EQUATIONS
1269.' Yock P. C. M. Proceedings of the 18-th International
Conference on High Energy Physics, Joint Inst. for iJucl.
Research, Dubna,JH,j'R-D1,2-10400, 1977, vol.2, pp.!!26-X27.
A POSSIBLE,C01rSISTEirT IDENTIFICATION OF THE liImJOPOLE
CANDIDATE OF PRICE ET AL. A HIGHLY ELECTRICALLY
CHARGED "QUARK"
Price et ale have recently detected highly ionizing
particle in cosmic radiation with unusual characteristics.
Three possible identifications have been published for
this particle: a magnetic monopole, a fragmenting nucleus,
a highly electrically charged "quark". The probabilities
for each of the above three possible ;identifications are
considered. According to of mass,electric chari
and speed stated by Price ( 2900 mp.54e,p.48c) ( 1400 mp,67e,
.-
0.60 C; 3700 mp,50e,0.45 c) the particle would appear
to be a good candidatJe for a highly
1/ "., f
....
"quark". However, until the speed measurement is completely
calibrated, no firm conclusion regarding the identity of
this particle can be reached.
STABILITY AND INSTABILITY OF WU-YANG SOLUTION
. OF THE YANG-MILLS FIELD EQUATION
We investigate small 1-\.. ... about the spheri-
cally symmetric Wu-Yang solution of the Yang-Mills field
equation. We show that small nonspherical perturbations
are stable. Because of the singularity of the Wu-Yang solu-
tion at the origin, S-wave perturbations are not stable.
In the case of the Prasad-Sommerfield monopole, we expli-
citly show that the S-wave perturbations of both natural
and unnatural parity are stable.
1271. Zrelov V.P. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research,
P13-10876,1977, Dubna.
ON POSSIBLE IEPROVE1.iENT OF PHOTOGRAPHIC DETECTOR
TO SEARCH FOR DIRAC MONOPOLE BY VAVILOV-CHERENKOV
RADIATION(In Russian)
Disadvantages of a photographic Cherenkov detector
.
applied for investigation of a composition of cosmic radia-
tion by Z --are considered. It is' shown that the use of a
lens-raster radiator allows to low considerably requirements
for a photolayer sensitivity, simplifies the determination
of velocity and direction of relativistic nuclei, and makes
it possible to search for Dirac's monopole with more reliabi
lity.
_ t?,.,
\ ,\ .. 1-
--- .... I
,
I
, ,
/
,
, . .
I
,.'
.,
, .
/.
. . "
1978
I
. I
.':
, .
"
"
..
'"
1978
STOPPING-POWER FORMULA FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The semiclassical approach of Landau(1960) is used
to treat the distant collisions of magnetic monopoles.
The energy-loss formula for magnetic monopoles with charge
g=131e/2 and 1)e which includes the effects of both close
and'distant collisions is derived. The accuracy of this
formula is discussed.
1273. Anandan J. Dept. of Phys. and Astronomy Univ.of Pitt-
sburg, Pittsburg, Pensylvania,1918
. QUANTUM INTEREFERENCE AND THE CLASSICAL LIMIT
(Revised version)
1274. Arcidiacono G. In:TACHYONS,MONOPOLES AND RELATED TOPICS,
Proceed. of the first session of the interdisciplinary
seminars on "Tachyons and Related Topics" held in Erice,
Italy, 1-15 sept.,1916. Recami E. Ed., Amsterdam,1918,
pp.115-124.
TACHYON,S AND MAGNET;I:C MONOPOLES IN THE
DE SITTER UNIVERSE
The author examines the place of tachyons and magnetic
monopoles in the "projective relativity" theory, which is
based on the De Sitter universe and which has special rela-
,
tivity as a limiting case. A link with a generalized form
of Maxwell's equations is examined in detail, the connectioD
being through the rotation group RU.
1275. Ardalan F. Phys.Rev.,1918, vol.D11, No 4, pp.11)1-1135.
CLASSICAL SOLUTIONS OF SO(),1) GAUGE THEORY
Classical solutions of the Yang-Mills-Higgs field
theory with SO(3,1) gauge group are considered. Two types
of electromagnetic field tensors are constructed, one with
pure magnetic charge, the other with electric charge. The
solutions have zero energy.
1276. Argyres E.N.,Lam C.S.
pp.2100-2104.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.18, No 6,
1277.
PHYSICAL MECHANISM FOR QUARK CONFINEMENT VIA
PSEUDOPARTICLES
We investigate in detail the physical mechanism where-
by confinement is achieved in the (2+1)-dimensional Georgi-
Glashow model through a medium of pseudo particles. The
arguments are semiclassical and avoid using the path-integr
formalism. We show that vacuum fluctuation produces circula
vortex-like electric field lines, which change the classica
electric field between two.fixed charges into a stringlike
confinement field. We also show that when the magnitude of
the fixed charges is sufficiently large the string splits
longitudinally into two halves, which are more away from
each other. Finally, we comment on how confinement may be
achieved in Yang-Mills theory in 3+1 dimensions.
I
Baaklini N.S.
524.
Nucl.Phys.,1978, vol.142B, No 4,pp.510-
QUANTIZATION OF SUPERPARAMETRIZED MONOPOLES
Classical finite-energy solutions of the SU(2) Yang-
Mills-Higgs system in four-dimensional space-time are
embedded in the supersymmetric extension of the theory.
Finite supertranslations are constructed and are used to
. obtain a family of solutions to the Bupersymmetric field
equations, parametrized by fermionic Majorana spinor para-
meters. The quantum theory around arbitrary classical solu-
tions, parametrized by arbitrary bosonic (global and local)
as well as fermionic (global) parameter, is constructed and
disoussed.
1278. Bacry H., Nuytz J. Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique, Centre de Physique Th,eorique, CNRS-78/p.1027,
Marsei lle t 1978.
QU(A) 'l'aliIQRV W:t;r:t'H
POTENTIALS INVARIANT UNDER A U(1) GAUGE SUBGROUP
1279. Bais F.A. t Weldon H.A ... Phys.Rev.Lett.,1978, vol.41,
No 9. pp.601-604.
EXACT MONOPOLE SOLUTIONS IN SU(n) GAUGE THEORY
We construct exact monopole and dyon solutions in a
renormalizable SU(N+1) gauge theory broken down to SU(N)
m U(1) by one Higgs multiplet in the adjoint representa-
I
tion. The solutions saturate the Bogomolny lower bound
and are spherically symmetric with respect to the angular
momentum operator J=-ir x V + T, where T spans the
maximal SO(3) subalgebra of SU(N+1). The solutions are
obtained aftler a remarkable factorization of the relevant
coupled "nonlinear" second-order radial equations into a
product of coupled "linear" first-order equations.
/'
"1280. Bais F.A. Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D18, No 4, pp.1206-1210.
CHARGE-MONOPOLE DUALITY IN SPONTANEOUSLY
BROKEN GAUGE THEORIES
I
The conjecture of Montonen and Olive concerning an
electric-magnetic dual symmetry in the 0(3) Georgi-Glashow
model is generalized to theories with an arbitrary compact
gauge group.
1281. Bais F.A. Department of Physics University of pensylvania.
PA 19104, Philadelphia, USA,1978.
CHARGE-MONOPOLE DUALITY IN SPONTANEOUSLY
BROKEN GAUGE THEORIES
. 3(,0 -
1282. Bais F.A., Weldon H.A. Dept. of Phys. ,Univ. of Pensylva-
nia, Philadelphia ,USA,1978.
EXACT SOLUTION IN SUCN) GAUGE THEORY
.
1283. Bais F.A. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory,FERMlLAB-
Pub-78-77-THY,Batavia,1978.
EXACT SUCN) MONOPOLE SOLUTIONS WITH SPHERICAL
SYMMETRY
1284. Balachandran A.P., Borchardt S., Cang S.S., Stern A.,
Cahalan R., Ramachandran R., Rupertsberger Phys.Rev.,
1978, vol. D17, No 4, pp.1136-1149.
ROTATIONALLY INVARIANT APPROXIMATION TO CHARGE-
MONOPOLE SCATTERING
A semicalssical approximation derived directly from the
Feynman path integral is employed in the study of electric-
charge-magnetic-monopole scattering. We show that this
approximation, unlike perturbation is consistent
with rotational invariance. The semiclassical cross section
is explicitly evaluated. It differs from the classical dif-
ferential cross section for sufficiently large scattering
,
angles due to the interference between the several classical
trajectories contributing to the scattering at such angles.
It is found that when the scattering angle is not too near
. I
the backward direction the semiclassical cross section ap-
proaches the classical limit rather slowly as the Dirac
quan.tization number becomes large, or equally as .-11"- 0
with the product of electric and magnetic charges held fixed.
1285. Balachandran A.P., Borchardt S., stern A.,
1978, vol.D17, No 12, pp.3247-3256.
Phys.Rev. ,
LAGRANGIAN AND HAMILTONIAN DESCRIPTIONS OF YANG-
MILLS PARTICLES
A new Lagrangian L is proposed for the description of a
particle with a non-Abelian charge in interaction with a
- (, J -
Yang-Mills field. The canonical quantization of L is discussed
At the quantum level L leads to both irreducible and redu-
cible multiplets of the particle depending upon which of the
parameters in L are regarded as dynamical. The case which
.ijijQA iA minimAl
lian generalization of the usual Lagrangian for a charged
point particle in an electromagnetic field. Some of the Lag-
rangians proposed before such systems are either
cases of ours or can be obtained from ours by simple modifi-
cations. Our Formulation hears some resemblance to Dirac's
theory of magnetic monopoles in the following respects:
1) QUantization is possible only if the values of certain
parameters in L are restricted to a certain discrete set,
this is analogous to the Dirac quantization condition;
2) In certain cases, L depends on external (nondynamical)
directions in the internal-symmetry space. This is analogous
to the dependence of the magnetic monopole Lagrangian on the
direction of the Dirac string.
1286. Balachandran A. P., Borchardt S. '. Chang S. S., Stern A.,
Cahalan R.
t
Ramachandran R., Rupertsberger
Phys.Rev., 1978, vol. D17, No 4., pp.1150-1154.
ANALYTICITY OF THE CHARGE-MONOPOLE SCATTERING
AMPLITUDE
We study the analyticity in cos& of the exact quantum
mechanical scattering
amplitude by ascribing meaning to its formally divergent
partial-wave expansion as the value of an analytic
fun9tion. This permits to find an integral representation
for the ampli tde which displays its analytic structure . On
the physical sheet we find only a branch-point singularity
in the forward direction, while on each of the infinitely
many unphysical sheets we find a logarithmic branch-point
singularity in the backward direction as well as same
forward structure.
1287.
,
,
Balog J. and Hrasko P. Phys.Rev 1978. vol.D18. No 12,
pp.4802-4805.
EXISTENCE OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN THE UNIFIED
FIELD THEORY
It has been stated that a unified field theory pro-
posed recently forbids the existence of magnetic monopoles.
We show that t i ~ result is the consequence of an unnecessarily
stringent condition inposed on the magnetic-monopole solu-
tion
. 1288. Banks T., Spiegelglas M. Tel Aviv Univ., Dept of Physics,
TAUP-717-78, Pamat Aviv,1978.
SPIN DEPENDENT FORCES IN SEMICLASSICAL MODEL
/'
OF CONFINEMENT
1289. Bardakci K., Samuel S. Calif. Univ., Dept.of Physics,
Berkeley, California,1978.
LOCAL FIELD THEORY FOR SOLITIONS
1290. Bardakci K., Samuel S.
pp. 2849-2860.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D18, No 8,
LOCAL FIELD THEORY FOR SOLITIONS
A method is developed for constructing the Lagrangian
that describes the interaction of classical solition solu-
tions. We apply it to the Abelian -Higgs model in 2+1
dimensions and the Georgi-Glashow model in 3+1 dimensions
and various features of the relevant Lagrangians are investi-
gated.
,
1291. Barrcelli N.A. Oslo Univ.,preprint No 5, Oslo ,Norway ,
1978.
SHORT-RANGE FIELD PROBLEMS CONNECTED WITH
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
I
It is shown that the mairi difficulty which has hither-
to prevented the calculation of the energy levels in a
system of two magnetic charges is related to the implicit
assumption generally applied in the calculation of energy
levels, that magnetic monopoles behave as Coulombian point
chargee. QXbmp1d, by
considering each magnetic monopole an an object whose magne-
tic charge is distributed in a spherically symmetric fashipn
within a certain volume with a standard radius comparable
to the classical radius, one would have to ascribe to it
if one wants to interpret its mass as magnetostatic energy,
I
the problem of calculating the energy levels can be solved .
A few examples of coulombian field approximations consistent
with this interpretation of charge distributiop
are presented,and some of the lowest energy levels of par--
I
ticles" formed by the association of two magnetic
are calculated for circular orbits by the Bohr and
field procedure. Such associations of magnetic monopoles ob-
tain particulary appealing properties for the interpretation
of elementary particles if we use the simple assumptions
that all magnetic monopoles have the same standard radius
and that their masses can be interpreted as magnetic energy,
1292. Barricelli N.A.
1978.
Oslo Univ., Prerpint No 6, Os 10 ,Norway ,
MAGNETIC QUARK MODELS FOR THE INTERPRETATION
OF THE ,MASSES OF ELEMENTARY. PARTICLES
The energy levels in a system of two magnetic mono-
poles are applied to the calculation of the masses of
elementary particles, on the assumption that the quarks
and other partons involved are magnetic monopoles. The cal-
culated masses differ from the correct ones by errors
which with few exceptions, are lower than 1%. The models
adopted are modified version of a suggestion ascribing to
the quarks both electric and magnetic charges. The masses
of the magn@tic monopoles used are ascribed to their magne-
tostatic and electrostatic energy. Methods for obtaining
approximate mass estimates also for systmes formed by more
than two magnetic monopoles are introduced. The assumption
that the quarks could absorb and accasionally interchange
8 boson of spin=O and magnetic charge of opposite sign and
three times greater than that of a single quark proved
useful in the interpretation of meson masses. For the
or bar10n masses the had to be
modified to the effect that the boson was present in each
baryon but was not abosrbed by the quarks. An other boson,
designated a light boson of spin =0 and magnetic charge 1,
was introduced for the interpretation of stangenes. Together
with the U-quark of spin 1/2 and magnetic charge 1, this.
presents a group of three basic monopoles which are used
as a basis for the interpretation "of elementary particle
decay. The magnetic and the electric potential distribution
of magnetic monopoles which gives the best fit for the
masses of elementary particles is found to be dependent
on a:parameter, whose optimae value is the ratio between
the Dirac monopole and the product ch, a coincidence which
seems rather Unlikely to be accidental.
1293. Barker W.A. and Graziani F. Phys.Rev.,1918, vol.D18,
No 10, pp.)849-)851.
FOR1mLATION OF THE ELECTRON-
MONOPOLE INTERACTION WITHOUT DIRAC'S STRINGS
A wave equation is used to describe the
interaction of an electron with a magnetic monopole at rest.
A quasipotential, defined in terms of an integral involving
the pseudoscalar potential is used in this Dirac
string-free formalism. This equation, written in non-
relativistic form, is used in conjunction with the appro-
priate angUlar-momentum operators to obtain the Dirac
quantization condition. An argument using gauge invariance
shows that this condition is not modified by a relativistic
treatment. A detailed comparison is made with conventional
string theory, which is also formulated relativistically.
1294. Barker W.A., Graziani F. Amer.J.Phys.,1918, vol.46.
No 11, pp.1111-1115.
A HEURISTIC POTENTIAL THEORY OF ELECTRIC AND
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
A simple spherical distribution and/or magnetic charge
moves with a constant velocity with respect to an observer
in the laboratory frame. The electric and magnetic potentials
are written in the rest frame of the two types of charge,
and in the laboratory frame by means of the Lorentz
formation. The E and H fields are evaluated and are shown
to be consistent with Maxwell's equations, generalized to
include magnetic charge. In this development a "scalar"
rather than a "vector" potential is used to describe the
magnetic monopole at rest, thus avoiding "string theory".
This approach leads to a more complicated, but still useful
form for the classical Lagrnagian.
I
1295. Bartels J., Buras A.J., Cabibbo N.,Close F.E.,Combridge B.L.,
De Rujula A., Ellis E.G.,Gaemers K.J.F., Geillard
M.K.,Jarlskog C., Kessler P., Kripfganz J., Llewellyn S.C.H.,>
Moshe M., Parisi J., Reignier J., Ross D., A.Sachrajda C.T.,
Schrempp B., Schrempp F. In: CHEEP-AN P-P FACILITY
IN TH CERN-18-02,pp.39-40, Geneva,1918.
THEORETICAL ABOUT E-P COLLISION
1296. Bartlett D.F., Soo D., White M.G.
vol.D18, No 1, pp.2253-2261.
Phys.Rev.,1918,
SEARCH FOR TACHYON MONOPOLES IN COSMIC RAYS
We have searched for a particle which combines the
properties of a tachyon with those a magnetic monopole.
The tachyon monopole is assumed to exist in cosmic ray
striking the, earth and to be influenced by the extensive
,magnetic fringing field of Fermilab's 15-ft bubble chamber.
By hypothesizing that the tachyon monopoles will either
emit Cherenkov radiation in air or ionize lexan plastic we
set an upper limit of 5
1
x 10-
12
cm-
2
s-
1
on:their flux.
1297. Barut A.O.
pp.2073-2081.
J.Phys.A(London),1978, vol.11, No 10,
COVARIANT FIELD EQUATIONS FOR AN ELECTROMAGNETIC
STRING VIITIi MABB P01NTBAT TIm l!:ND8
A new set of covariant field equations for the
interacting charge-monopole system have been obtained
which treats the string of the electromagne-
tic potentials dynamically. The nonrelativistic monopole
potentials are derived from the covariant theory.
1298. Barut A.O. In:TACHYONS,MONOPOLES AND RELATED TOPICS
Froc. of the first session of the interdisciplinary semi-
nars on "Tachyons and related topics" held in Erice,Italy,
1-15 Sept.,1976. Ed. Recami E., Amsterdam,1978, pp.227-231.
ELECTRODYNAMICS WITH STRING AND MONOPOLES
The author reviews some newer results in the theory
of interacting electric and magnetic charges. The signifi-
cance of the singularities of the electromagnetic potential
is particularly emphasized both in the formulation of a
consistent field theory based on Dirac's action principle
and in the many other topological and quantum properties
of charge-monopole or dyonium systems.
1299. Barut A.O.
187.
Lect. Notes Math.,1978, vol.676, pp.179-
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON MANIFOLDS BETTI
NUMBERS, MONOPOLES AND STRINGS,MINIMAL COUPLING
1.300. Bazhanov V.V., Borodulin V.I., Pron'ko G.P.,Soloviev L.D.
Serpukhov Inst., High Energy Serpukhov,
1978.
SMALL ANGLE ELECTRON-MONOPOLE SCATTERING IN
QUANTUM THEORY OF DIRAC-SCHWINGER MONOPOLE
(In Russian) .
An amplitude for small angle electron-monopole scat-
tering has been obtained in the framework of the quantum
theory of Dirac-Schwinger magnetic monopole. The amplitude
obtained satisfies the requirement of relativistic inva-

1)01. Bender C.M. ,Eguchi T., Pagels H.
vol.D17, No 4, pp.1086-1096.
Phys.Rev.,1978,
GUAGE-FIXING DEGENERACIES AND CONFINEMENT IN
NON-ABELIAN GAUGE THEORIES
Following several suggestion of Gribov we have examined
the problem of gauge-fixing degeneracies in non-Abelian
gauge theories, First we modify the usual Fadeev-Popov
prescription to take gauge-fixing degeneracies into account,
We obtain a formal expression for the generating functional
which is invariant under finite gauge transformations and
which consists gauge-equivalent orbits only once. Next
we examine the instantaneous Coulomb interaction the
canonical formalism with the Coulomb-gauge condition. We
find that the quantum of the Coulomb Green's function in an
external monopole-like field configuration has an accumula-
tion of negative-energy bound states at E=O. Using semi-
classical methods we show that this accumUlation phenomenon
which is closely linked with gauge-fixing degeneracies,
modifies the usual Coulomb propagator from ilr2 to (li-it
for small }ll This confinement behaviour depends only
on the long-range behaviour of the field configuration
we thereby demonstrate the confinement property of non-
Abelian gauge theories in Coulomb gauge.
1)02. M., Nesie D., Senjanovic P., Sijacki D.,
.... w
Zivanovic D. Phys.Lett.,1978, vol.79B, No 1/2,pp.75-78.
A NEW APPROACH TO THE QUANTUM FIELD THEORY OF
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
,
We propose a formulation of field theory of
electric and magnetic charge closely patterned after Dirac'
quantum.-mehcanical theory. This formulation possesses an
extremely transparent canonical structure and picture of
the physical photon degrees of freedom.
1)03. Bollini C.C. and Ferreira Leal P. Nucl.Phys.,1978,
1)04.
VQl. D1J7. Ng J.
ON THE MOTION OF A CHARGED PARTICLE IN THE FIELD
OF A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
A quantum-mechanical treatment of the motion of a
charged particle in the field of a fixed magnetic monopole
is given, based on a representation of the corresponding
vector potential by means of a distribution. The results
are closely similar to those obtained in the work of WU and
Yang, which stems from ideas borrowed from mathematical fib-
er bundle theory. We believe that our method follows more
closely the usual quantum mechanical procedures and provides
an alternative approach to that of WU and Yang. Although
the present paper deals with the non-relativistic problem,
it is clear that the extension to the case of a Pauli or
Dirac particle can be easily done using spinor monopole
harmonics.
Bona C., Fustero X., Mas L.
j
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D18,
No 12, pp.4770-4779.
DYON-DYONINTERACTION IN PREDICTIVE RELATIVISTIC
MECHANICS
We present systematic study of the dyon-dyon classi-
cal interaction in the framework of predictive relativistic
mechanics. A uniquely defined expression for the accelera-
tionsof the system is obtained up to first order in the
coupling constants. We analyze the symmetry properties
of the system under discrete symmetries and obtain explicit
expressions for PJ'A. and J }".... of this order. Further-
more, we find a family of bound states with circular orbits
that seems to be a generalization of the well-known exact
solution of Schild. The scattering problem is also treated
and second-order expression for the cross sections are
given which agree, by taking the appropriate limits, with
the one found by Barut and Beker and also with
the one obtained by Bel in the framework of a quantized
version of predictive relativistic mechanics for spinless
particles.
1)05. Boultaleb J.H., Chakrabarti A. Centre de Physique
Theoretique Ecole Poly technique, C.N.R.S.-A 292.0378,
Palaisean Cedex,France,1978.
KERR-SCHILD GEOMETRY SPINORS,AND INSTANTONS
1306. Boya L.J.,Corinena J.F., Mateos J.
1978, vol.26, pp.175-214.
HOMOTOPY AND SOLITIONS
Fortschr. Physik,
1307. Brachet M.E., Tipapegui E. Instituut voor Theoretische
Fysick Univ. Leuven, hUL-TF-78-011, Leuven, Belguim,1978.
ON THE INTERACTION OF CLASSICAL FIELDS AND
PARTICLES
1308. Brachet M.E., Tipapegui E. Nuovo Cim.,1978, vol.47A,
No 2, pp.210-230.
ON THE INTERACTION OF CLASSICAL FIELDS AND
PARTICLES
The interaction of a classical field with general
tensorial character with a particle described by its
trajectory is shown to in general to a Lorentz-Dirac-
type equation, independently of the details of the interac-
tion. The divergences of the theory are carefully analyzed
by a method we have proposed before, which is shown to be
equivalent to other regularization schemes that have been
used previously. We apply our results to several well-known
interactions lineaorized gravitation and sym-
metric electrodynamics with monopoles.
1309. Brandt R.A Neri F Zwanziger D.
vol.40. No 3. pp.147-150.
Phys.Rev.Lett 1978,
LORENTZ I}nfARIANCE OF THE QUANTUM FIELD THEORY
OF ELECTRIC AnD MAGNETIC CHARGE
A gauge-invariant Green's function approach is used
to indicate the Lorentz invariance of electric and magnetic
charges, in local quantum field theory.
1310. Brandt R.A., "Neri F. New York Univ., NYU-TR4-78, New
York, 1978.
NON-ABELIAN GAUGE INVARIANT CLASSICAL
FORMALISM FOR POINT ELECTRIC
1311. Brandt R.A., Neri F., Zwanziger D. New York Univ.,
NYU-TR7-78, New York,1978.
LORENTZ INVARIANCE FROM CLASSICAL PARTICLE PATHS
IN QUANTUM FIELD THEORY OF ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC
CHARGE
1312. Brandt R.A., Young K.
preprint,1978.
London univ., Queen Mary CoIl.,
ELECTRIC-MAGNETIC DUALITY AS A SECONDARY SYMMETRY
1313. Brandt R.A.,Neri F.
pp.2080-2090.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D18, No 6,
REMARKS ON ZWAl'J"ZIGER' S LOCAL QUANTUM FIELD
THEORY OF ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
1314. Brandt R.A., Neri F.
pp.221-25J.
Nucl.Phys.,1978, vol. B145,No 1,
NON-ABELIAN GAUGE INVARIANT CLASS,ICAL LAGRANGIAN
FORMALISM FOR POINT ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
1315. Brandt R.A. and Primack J.R. New York University
Conference on Monopoles,1918. Int.J.Theor.Phys.,1918,
vol.11. No 4, pp.261-213.
THE SPIN FOR DYON
Goldhaber's spin-statistics connection for electric-
pole-magnetic-pole composite "dyons" is deduced in a
gauge-invariant way by connecting the spatial interchange
operator wit a rotation.
1316. Bruce D.J.
251
Nucl.Phys.,1978, vol.B142, No 3, pp.253-
..
BACKLUNG AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
We show that a recent solution of an SU(2) gauge
theory, Claimed to be a 3-monopole solution, is in fact
an infinite-energy solution.
1317. Callan C.G." Dashen R., Gross D. Princeton Inst.Adv.
Study, Princeton,1918.
PHASE TRANSITIONS IN QeD AS TUNNELING THROUGH
SINGUALR BARRIERS
1318. Callan C.G., Dashen R., Gross D. Phys.Lett.,1918,
,
vol. B11, No 3, pp.210-214.
,
PHASE TRANSITIONS IN QeD AS TUNNELING THROUGH
BARRIERS
We show that the phase transition of QeD, chiral
symmetry breaking and confinement, can be interpreted
physically as tunneling through (infrared) singular bar-
riers. The appearance of monopoles in QeD and the proper-
ties of massless fermions in a meson field are discussed
in the context of this interpretation.
1319. Callias C.
pp .. 213-234.
Commun.Math.Phys., 1978, vol.62, No 3,
AXIAL AND INDEX THEOREMS ON OPEN
SPACES
1320.
1321.
Using an approach isospired by the theory of the anomalous
divergence of the axial vector current, we derive trace
formulas for the resolvents of Dirac operators on open
spaces of add dimension. These formulas readily yield index
theorems fer th999 AR
the index of the Dirac operator for a particle of arbitrary
isospin in the background of a static system of SU(2)
monopoles; and we find formulas in essentially closed form
for certain determinants involving these operators.
Carmeli M. ,. Charac C., Kaye M.
No 2, pp.310-334.
Nuovo Cim.,1978, vol.45B,
NULL-TETRAD FORMULATION OF THE YANG-MILLS FIELD
EQUATIONS
The Ynag-Mills dynamical variables in the presence of
gravitation are presented in terms of new variables by means
of a null-tetrad and spin coefficient method. The Yang-
Mills equations in curved space are consequently written
in the null-tetrad method. The resulting equations then
resemble the Newman-Penrose version of Maxwell's equations
extended to a non-Abelian gauge group. A special considera-
tion is then given to the flat-space case, thus recovering
the usual Yang-Mills theory, but now written in the null-
tetrad method. The advantages of the new approach to the
Yang-Mills equations are illustrated by considering the
problem of exact solutions of these equations both in the
presence and in the absence of gravitation.
Carrigan R.A.,Jr., Strauss B.P., Giacomelli G.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol. D17, No 7, pp.1754-1757.
I
SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AT THE CERN
INVESTIGATING STORAGE RINGS
In a search for magnetiC monopoles produced in high-
energy PP collisions, a series of metallic collectors was
exposed at an intersection region of the CERN Intersecting
storage Rings to an integrated luminosity Lt 7.2 x 10
37
cm-
2
The search was sensitive to poles with a mass
1.322.
1323.
1324.
30 GeV. For mg < 20 GeV, the search yielded an upper-
limit cross section of 1.3 x 10-
37
cm
2
(95% confidence
level) for O. 2 g S 1.2 Dirac magnetic charges; for
1.2 < g < 24 the limit is e>.:5: 4 x 10-
37
cm
2

Chakrabarti A. Centre de Physique Theoretique Ecole
Poly technique, C.N.R.S.-Palaisean cedex,France,1978.
INTRODUCTION TO CLASSIqAL SOLUTIONS OF ,YANG-
MILLS FIELD EQUATIONS
Cheng Kuo-Shung
551.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D18, No 2, pp.549-
CLASSICAL LAGRNAGIAN THEORY WITH RADIATIVE
REACTION: EXTENSION OF THE ROHRLICH TWO-
FIELD FORMALISM TO INCLUDE MONOPOLES
we give an action integral L(X IX UII\.') The
I t-:: r..,
stabili ty of L agianst the variations cJ \j) I dXr (d),
erA us the coupled maxwell euqations and the Lorentz-.
equation for the positron and monopole.
Chernavskii D.S. and Kerner R.
vol.19, No 1, pp.287-291.
J.Math.Phys.,1978,
REMARKS ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF THE 'T HOOFT'S
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
We investigate the asymptotic behaviour of the 't
Hooft's solution at r - 0 and r - > USing the methods
of the qualitative theory of ordinary differential systems,
we are able to derive the asymptotic form of the solution
up to a higher approximation than in 't Hooft's original
paper G.'t Hooft, Nucl.Phys.,B79, 276(1974)), as well as
show that the Prasad-Sommerfield's exact solution can be
considered as an 'analytical limit of the 't Hooft's solu-
tion for ft2 ---- 0, it -- O. Some remarks on the stabili ty
of the monopole close the paper.
1325.
1326.
1327.
1328.
1329.
..
Cox P.H., Yildiz A.
pp.1212- 1215.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol. D18, No 4,
BOUND STATES WITH A GAUGE MONOPOLE
Relativistically exact bound states of 8 Dirac spinor
and of 8 scalar with an SU(2) gauge monopole are determined
asymptotically for arbitrary (integer or half-integer)ioo-
spin. Independently, zero-energy bound states of the Dirac
spinor are proved to exist for each value of total angu-
lar momentum J less than the isospin T. The spin of the
system is shown to be the sum of the original spin and
isospin of the bound particle.
D' Adda A., Horsley R:, Di vecchia P.
vol.B76, No pp.298-302.
Phys.Lett., 1978,
SUPERSY1ThffiTRIC MONOPOLES AND DYONS
The authors construct the supersymmetric generaliza-
tion of the 't Hooft-Polyakov magnetic monopole and of the
Julia-Zee dyon. It is shown that the quantum corrections
to the monopole mass are vanishing as a consequence of the
supersymmetry of the theory.
D'Adda A., Horsley R., Di Vecchia P. Niels Bohr Institu-
tet, Copenhagen Univ., NBI-HE-78-8, Copenhagen,Denmark,
1978.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND DYONS
Dai Xion-Xi, Guan-Jiong Ni
1978, vol.2, pp.225-235.
Phys.Energ. Fort.Phys.Nucl.,
ON THE ELIMINATION OF PHASE ANGLE UNCERTAINTY IN
SOME PROBLEMS OF RELATIVISTIC QUANTU11 MECHANICS
(In Chinese)
Dai Xion-Xi, Phys.Energ.Fort.Phys.Nucl.,1978,vol.2,
No 4, pp.305-310.
ON THE ENERGY LEVELS AND THE STATIONARY STATES OF
1330.
1331.
1332.
THE EXOTIC ATOMS CONTAINING MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
Dattoli G. and Mignani R.
No 2, pp.65-68.
Lett.Nuovo Cim.,1978,vol.22,
FORMULATION OF ELECTROMAGNETISM IN A SIX DIIVIEN-
SIONAL SPACE-TIIvIE
A preliminary formulation of electromagnetism in a
six dimensior.al space-time with three time-coordinates is
given. It is shown that'such a formalism provides a further
support to the hypothesis by Mignani and Recami that charged
techyons in an E.M. field behave as magnetic monopoles.
Dattoli G. and Mignani R.
58, Italy, 1978.
LtAquilla Univ.,INFN,LNF-77-
FORMULATION OF ELECTROMAGNETISM IN A SIX
DIMENSIONAL SPACE-TIME
DeVega H.J.
2944.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D18, No 8, pp.2932-
FERMIONS AND VORTEX SOLUTIONS IN ABELIAN AND
NON-ABELIAN GAUGE THEORIES
The interaction of fermions with an extended vortex
solution of the Higgs model is investigated. It is found
that this interaction has a long-range inverse-square
tail. It is caused by the coupling of the fermion angular
momentum with the gauge field itself. The fermion-
vortex bound states present at the threshold and the fermior
-vortex scattering are studied. The scattering phase shifts
and the lost functions are obtained for large and small
fermion momenta as well as the low-energy cross section
which diverges at zero"momentum. The quantum field theory
in the one-vortex sectors is It is found that
in the presence of fermions, a vortex with an even (odd)
number of flux quanta has a half-integer(integer) formionic
number. It follows that a two-quantuni:vortex is stable.
1333.
1334.
1335.
1336.
Finally,the stable vortex solution of an SU(2) Higgs model
is investigated. The appropriate ansatz for the field is
given and radial equations are discussed. It is shown
that the interaction of a vortex with any nonsinglets par-
tie8 has 9
Dirac P.A.M.
pp.235-247.
Dirac P. A. M.
Int.J.Theor.Phys., 1978, vol.17, No 4,
THE MONOPOLE CONCEPT
In: DIRECTIONS IN PHYSICS, Lectures
delivered during a visit to Australiaa.nd New Zealand,
August-september 1975. Ed. Hora H. and Shepanski J.R.,
New York,1978, pp.39-54.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
A firsthand account is given of fundamental develop-
ments for which Dirac presents his views on basic physical
concepts, providing historical inSight on their generation
and consequences. Basic, remarks are made on
quantum mechanics and quantum electrodynamics with insight
into cosmological theories and the development of the magne-
tic monopole-.
Deons w. Glashow Univ., Preprint 1978.
STRINGS IN GAUGE THEORIES
Dobson P.N., Jr., and Tuan S.F. Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.18,
No 1, pp.296-)02.
SCmVINGER'S AND DYON DESCRIPTIONS
FOR THE NEW PARTICLES
A phenomenological description proposed by Schwinger
to avoid Y=1 neutral currents predicte4 particles much
akin to the
J/1.j1
prior to their
1337.
1338.
recognition. Vfuen supplemented with a hypothetical magnetic-
dyon model of matter, a natural setting is provided for the
newly discovered 1.f1 particles. We extend Schwinger's earlier
suggestions to cover more recently discovered states ( D,D*,
F, F t ) and theil' Dartlon analo148 f using the mag;neti c-n-,
spin approach. A key test which differentiates the present
description from charm theory is the existence of a relati-
vely narrow 1=1, JPC=1--?J,J' n nearly mass degenerate with
the established (J,684). Could it be the
vered state '!i" (J. 772)?
Duff M.J., Madore J.
2797.
Phys.Rev. ,1978, vol.18, No 8, pp. 2788
EINSTEIN-YANG -MILLS PSEUDOPARTICLES AND ELECTRIC
CHARGE QUANTIZATION
Solutions of the euclidean-space Einstein-Yang-Mills
equations are presented which describe a dyon black hole
of mass M , angular momentum J, electric charge Qe' and
magnetic charge In addition to the usual magnetic-charge
quantization rule eG ..... ::. IIYI ( m =integer), the space-
time topology of the euclidean black hole, in particular
the periodicity in the time coordinate, leads to a new
electric-charge quantization e Ge. .::: Yl ( 1- C. I r,. ) ,where
n integer regarded as a (non-self-dual) Einstein-Yang-
Mills pseudoparticle, the solution has finite action, a
gravi tational Euler number X =2, and SU(2)
number l' =2 m n
Durgaprasad N., Rev M.V.S.
pp.131-141.
Pramana,1'978, vol:10, No 2,
A NEW INTERPRETATION OF AN EVENT ATTRIBUTE
TO A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
An alternate and a new interpretation is given for the
I
event attribute to a magnetic monopole by Price and co-
workers found in an emulsion plastiC sandwich stack flovm
from Siouz city, Iowa, USA, on 18 sept.197J. The electron
and stripping cross-sections of nuclei of Z appro-
/'
ximately 70-80 and V approximately 0.6 0.7c in lexan
1339.
1340.
polycarbonde are evaluated using the formula given by
Nikolaev. It is shown that the corresponding mean free
paths are of the order of thickness approximately 250) of
lexan plastic sheets used by them. In such a case a snap-
shot of these processes is believed to have been observed
Ql'1tUH'it5. Mt.lnba-Oc::L:t-J.a Df 'bHe esvt3nts
have been made for three values of charges at the top of
the main lex8n stack, namely Z=83;78 and 70 respectively.
The event is 'thus interpreted as a cosmic ray nucleus of
83 and ir =0.6 0.1c losing and capturing electrons
(mainly the latter) as it passes through the stack. The
probability of the occurrence of such an event is estimated
by several methods.
Einhorn M.B. and Savit R.
No 3, pp.295-298.
Phys.Lett.,1978, vol.B11,
FLUX LOOPS: MORE :NEW HEAVY PARTICLES IN THE
WEINBERG-SALAM MODEL
A lattice version of the Abelian -Higgs model is
studied in arbitrary Euclidean dimension. Using an exact
duality transformation, the theory is rewritten in terms
. of its topological excitations. The dual form of the theory
specifies in a Simple way all the allowed topological exci-
tations as well as their interactions. The combination of th
scalar Higgs field and the Abelian gauge field produces exci
tations found neither in the pure gauge theory nor in the
pure scalar theory ( XY model). In three dimensions, for
example, we find finite vortex strings terminating on
monopoles, as well as closed vortex loops. Implications of
these singularities for the critical behaviour of the theory
are briefly discussed.
I
Einhorn M.B., Savit R. Phys.Rev.,1918, vol.D17, No 10,
pp.2583-2594.
TOPOLOGICAL EXCITATIONS IN THE ABELIAN -HIGGS
MODEL
Extending Nambu's suggestion that there are stringlike
classical solutions in the Weinberg-Salam model, we argue
that flux includes closed- tori of weak neutral
1341. Ellis J. In: WEAK INTERACTIONS-PRESENT AND FUTURE,
Stanford, 1978, pp.108-111.,SLAC-Pub-2177,1978.
1342. Englert F., Windey P.
pp.529-545.
Nucl.Phys.,1978, vol.135, No 3,
1343.
1345.
1346.
ELECTRIC CONFINEMENT AND MAGNETIC SUPERCONDUCTORS
Reinterpretation of the pioneering work of Nielsen and
Olesen and others on magnetic confinement in (electric) supe:
conductors leads to simple models which exhibit electric
confinement of the type hoped for in quantum chromodynamics.
"Electric", flux tubes joining "qaurks" arise at a semi-
classical level as a result of the existence of (pseudo)
particles. The theory can be described in terms of a clas-
sical action principle only upon suitable modification of thl
action; this modification has profound topological signifi-
cance as it is intimately related to the quantization condi-
tion for (pseudo)particles.
Englert F. and Winley P.
Bruxelles, Belgium,1978.
Universite Libre de
DYNAMICAL AND TOPOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS ON QUARK
CONF INEMENT
Ezawa Z.F. Muenchen Max-Planck-Inst. fUr Phys.,and
Astrophys., MPI-PAE-PTH 23-78, Muenchen,1978.
QUANTUM SOLITION OPERATORS FOR MONOPOLES AND A
FERMION-BOSON PUZZLE
Ezawa Z.F. Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D18, No 6, pp.1091-2099.
QUANTUM SOLITION OPERATORS FOR VORTICES AND
SUPERSELECTION RULES
-
We propose a quantum field theory of vortex solitioDS
in the canonioal formalism. Using the fact that the topolo-
1347.
1348.
gical charge, regarded as an operator, commutes with all
local operators, we obtain a superselection rule structure
of Abelian and non-Abelian -Higgs models in 2+1 dimensions.
Lorentz-invariant vortex sectors are constructed as non-
vacuum representations of the canonical commutation
The intertwining operator between the vortex sector and the
vacuum sector is indentifiedto be a quantum vortex operatorE
Palik D., Opher R.
pp.2694-2697.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D18, No 7,
POSSIBLE EXISTENCE OF FRACTIONAL CHARGES
AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN MATTER
A model is suggested which explains the discovery of
fractional electric charges, in spite of the former failures
to find quarks and quark-confinement theories; the model
does not need many new assupmtions about the fractionally
charged particles. to this model, the fractionally
charged particles came from the decomposition of naturally
occurring bound pairs of oppositely charged magnetic mono-
poles." Such bound pairs were suggested by the authors in
a recent article in this journal to explain other phenomena.
Falik D., Opher R.
pp.923-926.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D17, No J,
COMMENT ON THE PRODUCTION OF LOW-
VELOCITY MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN THE ATMOSPHERE
,
It is pointed out that the monopole candidate event
of Price et a1.(1975) is not inconsistent with production
by collision of a bound pair of monopoles with an atmospheric
nucleus-one with mass of thousands of GeV, the other mass
of several GeV.
1349.
1350.
1351.
Ferrari E. In: TACHYONS,MONOPOLES AND RELATED TOPICS,
Proceed. of first session of interdisciplinary seminar
on "Tachyons and related topics", held in Erice,Italy,
Ed. Recami E., Amsterdam, 1978,
FORMULATION OF ELECTRODYNAMICS WITH MAGNETIC
.. MONOPOLES
The term "magnatic monopole" is used in different
instences, in order to describe physical objects that have
a common propoerty ( they bear what can be called a "magne
tic charge") but are different things. The most popular ob-
jects is still the traditional monopole, postUlated by
Dirac on the basis of a straightforv/ard extension of the
Maxwell's equations one can use the name "Maxwell-Dirac
monopole" for it. The author restricts his discussion to
these traditional Maxwell-Dirac monopoles, which alone
provide a rich possibility to study and discussion.Further
more, it is just this type of monopole that experimentalist
have been trying to detect ( so far, without success).A
survay of the various formulations of the monopole theory
is presented.
Fradkin E., Susskin L.
pp. 2637 -2658.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D17, No 10,
ORDER DISORDER IN GAUGE SYSTEMS AND MAG1TETS ..
We show how phase transitions in Abelian two-dimensio-
nal spin and four-dimensional gauge systems can be under-
stood in terms of condensation of topological objects. In
the spin systems these objects are links and in the gauge
systems either magnetic monopoles or fluxoids (quantized
lines of magnetic flux). Four models are studied: two-
dimensional Ising and XY models and four- dimensional 22
and U(1) gauge systems.
Fradkin E., Susskin L. Stanford Linear Accelerator
Center, SLAC-Pub-2069, Stanf.ord,1978.
ORDER AND DISORDER IN GAUGE SYSTEMS AND MAGNETS
i
1352.
1353.
1354.
1355.
1356.
Finkelstein D. New York Univ. Conference on Monopoles,
1978. Int.J.Theor.Phys., 1978, vol.17, No 4, pp.293-299.
HOLISTIC METHODS
Frank I.M. Joint Inst. for Nucl.Research,JINR,Dubna,
1978. P4-11777.
.
TRANSITION RADIATION OF THE MAGNETIC CHARGE
(In Russian)
Theoretical investigation of the transition
of a magnetic charge is carried out similarly to that of
an electric charge. Formulas obtained for the spectral
i.ntensity and polarization were analysed for the two cases;
perpendicular and inclined incidence of a magnetic charge
on the boundary surface.
Freund P.G.O. New York University Conference on Mono-
poles,1978, Int.J. Theor.Phys.,1978, vol.17, No 4, pp.301-
308.
MONOPOLES, TOPOLOGY,
Freund P.G.O. Chicago Univ.,EFI-78-01, Chicago,1978.

--
Friedman J.L., Mayer S., Parker L.
vol.D17, No 8, pp.1957-1964.
Phys.Rev.,1978.
AND DIRAC CHARGE QUANTIZATION
IN CURVED SPACETIME
We consider the angular momentum of two dual charged
particles in an axisymmetric spacetime and of a single
dual charged test particle in a charged axisymmetric back-
ground. In each instance we find the component of angular
momentum along the symmetry has the same value EQGR-
ERGQ that it takes in flat spacetime.
1)57.
1)58.
1)59.
1)60.
Gi ac orne lli G. IFUB-78-16, Bologna,Italy,1978.
SEARCHES FOR MASSING PARTICLES
Gali tsky V. Veda Tech.SSSR,1978, vol.6, No 2,pp.93-96.
DISCOVERY OF THE MONOPOLE
(In Czech)
An experiment is described conducted in Berkeley
in which the magnetic monopole was first detected. The
objections are reported of prof. Fowler and prof.Alvarez,
permitting a different interpretation of experimental data.
Gliozzi F. Nucl.Phys.,1978, vol.141, No 4, pp.379-390.
STRING-LIKE TOPOLOGICAL EXCITATIONS OF THE
FIELD
In order to analyze the topological properties of an
arbitrary configuration of the electromagnetic field, its
strength is expressed in terms of new auxiliary
fields which replace the gauge potential At'- These new
fields have only physical singularities even in the pre-
sence of monopoles ( no Dirac strings) and exhibit a new lo-
cal O{1,1) symmetry which replaces the gauge invariance,
Boundary conditions on these fields may induce localized
string-like singularities or topological defects which act
as sources of magnetic field. A typical defect which emerges
is a sort of formed by a nonquantized monopole
attached to one or more magnetic strings of finite length
For topological reasons the total magnetic charge is quan -
tized.
Goddard P., Olive D.I.
No 9, pp.1357-1437.
Rep.Progr.Phys.,1978, vol.41,
:MAGNETIC MONOPOLE IN GAUGE FIELD THEORIES
An account is given of the new insight into the theory
of magnetiC monopoles originated from the work of 't Hooft
(Nucl. phys., 1974, vo.l.B79, p.276) and Polyakov (JETP Lett.,
1361.
1362.
1363.
1364.
1974, vol.20,p.194). Their magnetic monopoles, associated
with the conventional electromagnetic gauge groupU(1) OCCUI
as a finite-energy smooth solition solution to an SU(2)
gauge theory. A precise picture of its internal structure,
the values or its magnetic charge and its mass are Obtained.
These new developments bring together previously unrelated
fields of study, namely, the Dirac monopole with point
structure and the Sine-Gordon soli tion in tw.)-dimensional
space-time. Properties of more general monopoles, associatec
,
with large gauge groups now thought to be relevant in phy-
Sics, are discussed. Particular attention is paid to topolo-
gical properties. Based on this new viewpoint, conjuctures
can be made about a future quantum theory of monopoles.
Goddard P., Olive D.I. European organization for NucleaI
Research, CERN-TH-2445, Geneva,1978.
NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN THE THEORY OF MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
Goddard P. In:TOPICS IN QUANTUM FIELD THEORY AND
GAUGE THEORIES, Proceed. of the VIII Ipternational Seminar
on Theoretical Physics, held by GIFT in Salamanca,1977.
Ed. de Azcarraga J.A., Berlin,1978, pp.1-38.Lecture notes
in Physics, vol.77.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE AND RELATED OBJECTS
Hegedues S. Seminar of theoretical physics, University
of Timisoara ,1977. Timisoara,1978, pp.95-144.
CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS WITH TWO KINDS OF
CHARGES
Hart F.X.,Massey J.S.
pp.587-588.
Am.J.Phys.,1978, vol.46, No 5,
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE MOBILITY SPECTROMETER
1365. Goldberg J.N., Jang Pong Soo , Park Soo Yong,Wali K.C.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D18, No 2, pp.542-548.
I
INTERACTION BETWEEN 'T HOOFT-POLYAKOV MONOPOLES
We use the stress-energy tensor and the associated
energy-momentum conservation to study the interactions
between two widely separated monopoles ( or monopole and
antimonopole). By defining a set of minimal conditions to
represent the above systems we show how the problem reduced
mathematically to a known electrostatic problem. The force
between the monopoles ( or monopole and antimonopole) is
then, in the leaning order, the expected repulsive (attractive
Coulomb force. We also discuss how the Prasad-Sommerfield
limit alters the problem, leading to twice the Coulomb force
between a monopole and antimonopole and zero force butween
two monopoles.
1366. Hirata K. Tsukuba Univ., UTHEP-) 8 , Tsukubo,1978.
CLASSICAL LAGRANGIAN THEORY OF DIRAC'S
MONOPOLE AVOIDING DIRAC'S VETO
Defenition of Dirac's action for a charge-monopole
system as a certain limit of Wu-Yang's action solves Dirac'S
veto problem. The string variable y f ~ 6 ) plays an
essential role in the variation principle.
1367. Hirayama M., 'Hsiung ChiaTze
No 2, pp.546-556.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D17,
NAMBU MECHANICS OF NON-ABELIAN DYONS
Nambu's generalized mechanics is appropriate for the
description of non-Abelian dyons-solutions are given for
the gauge groups U(1),SU(2), and SUe)) to illustrate.
1368. Hasenfratz P., Ross D.A. Phys.Lett.,1978, vol.74B,
No 4-5, p.432.Erratum.
ARE QUARKS SHORT RANGE SOLITONS?
1369. Hoffmann H.
pp.357-360.
Lett.NuoYo Cim.,1978, vol.23, No 10,
A NEW SEARCH FOR MAGNETIC MONOPQLES AT THE CERN-
!SR WITH PLASTIC DETECTORS
1370. Honda M. .Dept. of Phys., Tohoku Univ., TU-78-185,
Senda,ri, Japan,1978 .
FIBER BUNDLE ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL FEATURE OF
GAUGE FIELD THEORY
1371. T'Hooft G. Nucl.Phys.,1978, Yol.B138, No 1,pp.1-25.
ON THE PHASE TRANSITION TOWARDS PERMA1>J""ENT
QUARK CONFINEMENT
In quantized gauge field theories one can introduce
sets of operators. that modify the gauge-topological struc-
ture of the fields but htose physical effect is essentially
local. In 2+1 dimensional non-Abelian gauge theories these
operators form scalar fields and it is argued that when
the local gauge symmetry is not spontaneously broken then
these topological fields develop a vacuum expectation value
and their mutual symmetry breaks spontaneously. It is shown
that qaurks are then permanently confined. In 3+1 dimensio-
nal non-Abelian gauge theories one fonds that the topolo-
gical operators and the gauge field operators form a closed
algebra from which it is deduced that this system can be
in one of four different phases. 1. Spontaneous breakdown
via an explicit or composite Higgs field. 2. No Higgs field
but permanent, confinement of gauge quantum numbers.3.Higgs
effect and still confinement, presumably only if there is
unbrojen subgroup, and 4. An intermediate phase ( critical
point) with massless particles. Finally, the algebra can be
realized in ai' simple model where phases 1 and 2 can be ob-
tained from each other by a dual transformation.
1372. Horndeski G.W.
674.
J.Math.Phys.,1978, vol.19, No 3, pp.668-
BIRKHOFF'S THEOREM AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLE SOLUTIONS
FOR A Q'lS'rEM Gi' InNf31Jm;tN .... MAXVmI"Tj P:PilTiP
-- EQUATIONS
In this-note I establish a "Birkhoff's type theorem
ll
for the most general second-order vector-tensor theory
of gravitation and electromagnetism, which is such that
its field equations are (i) derivable from a variational
principle,(ii) consistent with the notion of conservation
of charge, (iii) compatible with Maxwell's equations in a
flat space, and (iv) in agreement with Einstein's equations
in the absence of electromagnetic fields. I also preseLt
solutions to these field equations which can be regarded
as representing the gravitational and electromagnetic field
outside a magnetiC monopole. It turns out that these magne-
tic monopole solutions admit event horizons when the mass
of the source is sufficiently large.
1373. Horvath Z., Palla L. International Center for Theor.
Physics, IC-78-37, Trieste,1978.
SPONTANEOUS COMPACTIFICATION AND "MONOPOLES"
IN HIGHER DIMENSIONS
1374. Horvath Z., Palla L.
pp.327-343.
Nucl.Phys.,1978, vol.B142, No 3,
SPONTANEOUS COMPACTIFICATION AND ItMONOPOLES" IN
- HIGHER DIMENSIONS
Using the Wu-Yang global description, the minimal gaugE
group is found which compactifies the extra even D dimensiOl
into a sphere, namely SO(2N). These gauge theory solutions
are associated with non-vanishing topological charges. An
SO(2N) gauge theory solution is obtained in D=2N+1 dimensiol
which describes a genralized singular magnetic monopole whi(
conforms to the yang definition.
1375. Hosoda M., Kozakai H.
Progr. Theor. Phys. ,1978,. vol. 59,
No 6, pp.2080-2095.
CONVERSION OF ISOSPIN DEGREE OF FREEDOM INTO
SPIN DEGREE OF FREEDOM
After briefly canonical quantization for
coupled Yang-Mills field to matter field within Coulomb
gauge, it is studied in detail that isospin degree of free-
dom converted into spin degree of freedom in the fielc
of the Yang-Mills-Higgs magnetic monopole. Comments are
made on the behaviour of static and classical solutions for
Yang-Mills-Higgs theory and also on surface effects, which
appear in the total angular momentum.
1376. Hrasko P., Balog J.
pp.239-254.
Nuovo Cimento,1978, vol.45B, No 2,
,
ROTATIONAL SYMlYIETRY IN THE HAMILTONIAN DYNAMIC
The motion of a mass point in a central potential is
considered. It is usually assumed that the projection of the
angular momentum on the radius vector is equal to zero. It
is shown that if this assumption is relaxed, the angular
I
part of the Hamiltonian becomes identical to the angular
part of the monopole Hamiltonian given by Dirac.
1377. Hruby J. Joint Inst. for Nucl.Research,
Dubna, 1978.
,ON THE SOLITONS AND MONOPOLES
The basic result in a new trend in supersymmetry and
soliton theory are presented. It is shown that the soliton
expectation value of the energy operator is mass of the
soliton without the quantum corrections. A new supersym-
metric monopole model in three dimensions is constructed
i
by generalization of the supersymmetric Sine-Gordon model
in one Space dimension.
1318. Hsu J. P. Found.Phys.,1978, vol.8, No 9, pp.667-675.
OBSERVABLE PHASE FACTORS AND SY1mffiTRY OF
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGES
The 9SS9Fvs9e phase faoter tAken as a bRAie
for the description of electromagnetism. Generalization of
this concept to SUe 2) and SU(2) x U(1) groups is carried
out in such a way that the monopoles with quantized charges
appear naturally and that the symmetry between the electric
and magnetic phenomena is preserved. Some physical
tions are discussed,
"T
l.mp ..... J..ca-
1319. Hsu J.P. Space Science Laboratory, NASA/Marshall Space
Flight Center,78-1)2,Huntsvill, Alabama,1978.
STATIC YANG-MILLS FIELD WITH A FINITE ENERGY
AND ITS PHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS
The static SU(2) gauge field 2>;'(;<..) postulated to
satisfy the physical boun!ary ,conditions that1J; should
be finite at the origin r=O and vanish as because
there is no divergence in nature. A modified Wu-Yang solu-
tion has been found and its "source" is d(f-L) / dr-

The interpretations of the solutions as the magnetic mono-
pole and the dyon with finite energies are discussed.Further
more,the finite classical solution sheds some light on a
quantum theory free from divergences. It suggests that the
Feuman propagator for should be modified to the form
- chi> S3 ,.,,')1 it. :J 6<.) where J'; (-/t.lt.1.)'tz otKi f"'bp[-Ck..
2
L't/I
L
1 kS"
This will lead to a change of the high-energy behaviour due
to exchange of gluons between quarks in hadron physics.
1380. Inomata A., Trinkala M.].
pp.1861-1867.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D18, No 6,
CHARGE QUANTIZATION IN CURVED SPACE-TIME
Charge quantization is studied in the Kaluza-Klein
background. First the scalar field obeying the Klein-Gordon
equation in the six dimensional Kaluza-Klein-Hoffmann space
is reduced to the Mandelstam field for an electrically and
magnetically charged particle. The singularity argument of
,/ ,-; ') .-
- '
wu and Yang is then incorporated into the Cabibbo-Ferrari
formalism to derive the quantization condition ee. - e ... e.:::: '<'1./2
( =integer) in a manner independent of the background
curvature.
1381. Jang Pong Soo, Park Soo Yong, Wali K.C.
vol. D17, No 6, pp.1641-1650.
Phys.Rev.,1978,
CONCERNING AXIALLY SYMMETRIC MONOPOLE-TYPE
SOLUTIONS
We study axially static, finite-energy
solutions to yang-Mil.ls-Higgs field equations. The Lagran-
gian consists of a triplet of Higgs fields and a triplet of
gauge fields and has local SO(3) gauge invariance. The
solutions can describe, in principle, field configurations
with arbitrary monopole charge. Although we have not found
analytic solutions to the coupled partial differential equa-
tions involving sin unknovm dunctions, we do find consistent
solutions in the asymptotic region as well as in the region
near the axis of symmetry. We investigate the cylindrically
configuration which is a particular case of our
axially symmetric formulation and demonstrate that a vortex-
type solution exists. We thus have a non-Abelian version of
the Nielsen-Olesen model. We discuss the relevance of this
vortex-type solution to our axially symmetric system and
present plausibility arguments concerning the emergence of
8 non-Abelian stringlike configuration.
1)82. Jang Pong Soo, Park Soo Yong, Wali K.C. Syracuse Univ.,
SU-4211-101, New York,1978.
1383. Ju I.
CONCERNING AXIALLY SYMMETRIC MONOPOLE-TYPE
SOLUTIONS
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.17, No 6, pp.1637-1640.
SOME EXACT DYON SOLUTIONS FOR THE CLASSICAL
YANG-MILLS FIELD EQUATION
.
Systematic means of finding solutions to the spontaneou
ly-broken theory in Minkowski space are proposed,based on an
anszts for the self-dual sourceless Euclidean theory.
-1384. Kadanoff L. P.
1417.
J.Phys.A,1978, vol.11, No 7, pp.1)99-
LATTICE COULm.m GAS REPRESENTATIONS OF TWO-DIMEN-
SIONAL PROBLEMS
Many of the standard two-dimensional problems of
.
statistical physics can be transformed into "Coulomb gas"
problems in which there two kinds of "charges" represen-
ted by integers nand m Such a transformation works
for the Ising model, the three-and four- state Jotts mo-
dels, the Askin-Teller model, and many others. In general
(1.- VI.. and m - V'Yt.. interactions have the Coulombic
character in which the interaction is, for large separations
proportional to the logarithm of the distance. On the
I. ...,
other hand, the Y"(l) - Vl""I CR) interaction is for large
distances proportional to i times the angle 1>C
r
--R) which
measures the angular position of R relative to r. This
latter interaction is akin to that between a magnetic
i
monopole and an electric charge.
1385. Kalb M. Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D17, No 10, pp.271)-2716.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN A GAUGE FIELD THEORY
FROM VORTEX STRINGS
A realization of the antisymmetric tensor and vector
potentials,h.aving the open dual vortex string as source,
is shown to be given by the fields of the 't Hooft-Polyakov
model. The non-Abelian gauge tranformations map into Abelian
transformations characterized by a Minkoski vector and
scalar. Magnetic current conservation is assured.
1386. Kalb M. Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.18, No 8, pp.2909-291).
STATISTICS
We inves;tigate classical Yang-Mills theory with sources
in the limit of no time dependence and find a class of
"Abelian" solutions with non-vanishing magnetic field, even
without spatial source-current density The field is due

.
- .;-t!)-
to nontrivial point magnetic monopoles of topological
origin.
1387. Kalb M. Center fGr 'l'heor.Phys., Massachusetts Inst.
of Technology, CTR-716, Cambridge,1978.
TIME-INDEPENDENT YANG-MILLS STATISTICS
1388. Kamat R.V.
pp.141-150.
!\uovo Cimento,1978, vol.B43, Ser.2,No 1,
DIRECT ACTION AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
In the absence of any experimental support, starting
from some reasonable assumptions based on the previous
theoretical considerations about monopole-monopole and charge-
monopole interactions, it is shown that it is not possible
to derive the equations of motion from an action principle,
for both electric charges and magnetic monopoles, in the
framework of classical electrodynamics of direct interparticl{
action. Maxwell's equations of the equivalent field theory
exist and are contained in the suitably defined potentials
of direct interparticle action. This seems to imply that the
existence of magnetic monopoles is incompatible with action-
at-a-distance electrodynamics.
1389. Kamata M.
1360.
Progr.Theor.Phys.,1978, vol.59, No 4,pp.1346-
SINGULAR GAUGE AND MONOPOLE-VORTEX-
. LINE SYSTEMS
Semi-infinite and finite monopole-vortex-line systems
are constructed from the Nielsen-Olesen SU(2) Higgs model.
We clarify a connection between the Nambu model and the
Nielsen-Olesen U(1) and SU(2) Higgs mOdels in terms of
singular gauge transofrmations. It is shown that under the"
singular gauge transformation n thet-ield tensor tr"'y
acquires an additional non-zero term-(i/e)Q cJr)jl-d;d/
A
)
S2 -1 which leads to I1irac' s strings. 'The behaviour of the
gauge and the Higgs scalars is discussed near
the axis of symmetry and
vortex line.
at large distances from the
KaZaffia New erk Yniv.Oonferenee en Monopole_1978.
Int.J.Theor.Phys.,1978, vol.17, No 4, pp.249-265.
DYNAMICS I OF ELECTRON-MONOPOLE SYSTEM
1391. Kirznits D.A.
194.
Uspekhi Fiz. Nauk,1978, vol.125, pp.169-
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
(In Russian)
1392. Lee Hua-chung, Kuo Shuo-hung, Hsien Ting-chang
Phys.Energ.Fortis & PhyS.Nucl.(China),1978, vol.2,No1,
pp.23-34.
ON THE PROBLEM OF THE DUAL CHARGE (MAGNETIC MONOPOLE)
OF NON-ABELIAN GROUPS. II. (In Chinese)
The method of relating the gauge potential to the
connection on a spherical surface developed previously
is generalized to the discussion of the potential of an
SU(2) monopole with 0(5) symmetry. Expressions
for the potential of the monopole with double string singu-
larity or Single string singularity are obtained. Finally
by a combined coordinate-gauge transformation the authors
obtain a string free expression for an SU(2) magnetic
pole with O(S,) symmetry.
1393. Lee Tze-Ping
pp.378-381.
Phys.Energ.Fort.Phys.Hucl.,1918, vol.2,
ON CLASSICAL ANGULAR MOMENTUM OF AN ELECTRON-
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE(In Chinese)
Contribution ,to angular momentum from static electron-
magnetic monopole total angular momentum and from electric
and magnetic moments are derived. These contributions were
(' I ,. ,. I
- .. ' -/ ({-
found to be equivalents to the change in electron mass.
1394. Leinaas J.M. Physica Scripta(Sweden),1978, vol.17 ,
Ng 5.
A MECHANICAL MODEL OF THE CHARGE-MONOPOLE SYSTEri:
The motion of a spinning particle, whose spin is
constrianed to point towards a fixed point in space, is
identical to that of a charged particle moving in a magne-
tic field. Qunatization of this mechanical systGm
is straightfonvard. In contrast to the description
of the charge-monopole system, no singularities are present.
Only when suppressing the cyclic spin coordinate,a
rity corresponding to the "Dirac string" of the magnetic
monopole will arise.
1395. Leinaas J.M. Nuovo Cim.,A,1978, vol.47, No 1,pp.19-34.
STATISTIC OF CHARGE-MONOPOLE COMPOSITES
A formalism is described in which the symmetry of the
wave functions of identical particles is related to the
presence of a global gauge effect. The formalism is used
to investigate in detail the statistics of composite parti-
cles which are bound systems of a charged particle and a
magnetic monopole. For such composites the phase factor
which determines their statistics can be to be
I
influenced by the gauge field which is present.
1396. Lez.nov A.N., Sarelev M.V. Serpukhov Inst.High Energy
Phys., IFVE-78-176,Serpukhov,1978.
EXACT MONOPOLE SOLUTIONS IN GAUGE THEORIES FOR
AN ARBITRARY SEMISn.1PLE COMPACT GROUP
1397. Lohe M.A.
252.
Nucl.Phys.,1978, vol.B 142, No 3, pp.236-
'.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND BACKLUND
We display Backlund transformations for the equations
which describe SU(2) magnetic monopoles in the limit of 2.-
vanishing potential. With these transformations we
exact solution a thi:"btl-lt1t:1l'1Clj;tOl.t:s system,
possessing cylindrical sY!Ilmetry. However, due to gauge-
invariant singularities, the system has infinite energy.
1398. Maciejko R.
2493.
J.Math.Phys.,1978, vol.19, No 12, pp.2491-
YANG-MILLS EQUATIONS IN MAx\IIfELL FORM
1399. Madore J. Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D17, No 2, pp.562-564.
ANGULAR MOMENTUM AND MAGNETIC CHlh'lGE
The angular momentum of a scalar isodoublet in the
field of a magnetic monopole is expressed in gauge-invarian1
form.
1400. Magruder S.F.
3261
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D17, No 12, pp.3257-
. CLASSICAL INTERACTIONS OF t T HOOFT MONOPOLES
We find upper bounds on the interaction energies bet-
ween two tt Hooft monopoles and between a monopole and an
anitmonopole.our results may alter the confinement picture
in the Georgi-Glashow model for certain small values of the
Higgs mass parameter.
1401. Magruder S.F. Phys.Dept.Univ.of Illinois,Ill-(TH)-78-2,
Urbana, 1978.
THE CLASSICAL INTERACTIONS OF tT HOOFT MONOPOLES
1402. Mandelstam S. calif.Univ.,Berkeley,1978. 64 p.
CHARGE MONOPOLE DUALITY AND THE PHASES OF NON-
ABELIAN GAUGE THEORIES
,.,(,. ,
... . ...
,"
1403. Manton N.S.
332.
Nucl.Phys.,1978, vol.B135, No 2, pp.319-
COMPLEX STRUCTURE OF MONOPOLES
teohniques are appliea to the olassical
monopole equaYions. Prasad-Sommerfield monopole is
rederived in a curious way, and new complex solutions are
found, representing a distorted monopole.
,
1404. Marciano W. and Pagels H. Phys.Reports(Section C of
Phys.Lett.) ,1978, vol.36, No 3, pp.137-276.
QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS
Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is a quantum field theory
of the strong interaction with non-Abelian gauge fields
mediating the interactions between quarks. The experimentally
observed strong interactions are to be epiphenomena of these
fundamental interactions. The experimental successes of QeD
form the basis for our present optimism that a theory of the
strong force has been found. However, QCD is still very unre
liable to default on both experimental and theoretical grounds
In this article we offer the reader a review of the properties
and solutions of QCD. Each section of this review
can be read independently of others. In the introduction we
describe the properties of QCD and the hoped for confinement
and PCAL phase transitions. This is followed by a section on
the renormalization of non-Abelain gauge field theoriesl the
functional methods and the path integral, the BPHZ program,
the BRS transformation and proof of renormalizability, the
Blavnov-Taylor identies and Schwinger-Dyson equations. The
renormalization group equations are derived and applied to
physical processes. Two dimensional prototypes of QCD, the
Abelian-Schwinger model and 2-D QCD, are reviewed.An exten-
sive review of the perturbative development of QCD is given
with emphasis on infrared divergences, exponentiation of
leading logarithms, the Cornwall-Tiktopoulos equation and a
non-perturbative approach to QCD. A self-contained section
on topological solitons follows with disenssion of homotopy
theory, vortices,monopoles and'especially instantons,and
the periodic vacuum. Recent results, the attempt to study
phase transition in QCD using the dilute gas approximation
nnd Boro 1 rcuurnrnn tiona in QeD, are examined. Mos t of the
major areas of interest in QCD are covered in this review:
6QU60 Qad
menological QeD like the parton and potential models.
1405. Marciano W.J.' New York University Conference on Mono-
poles,1978.Int.J.Theor.Phys.,1978, vol.17, No 4, pp.275-286.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND NON-ABELIAN GAUGE THEORIES
we review some properties of magnetic monopoles in
non-Abelian gauge theories. Removal of Dirac string singula-
rities and generalizations of the Wu-Yang solution that
follow tromfhis procedure are described.A discussion of the
possible relevance of monopoles in strong interaction models
and their role in quark confinement schemes is given. The
magnetic monopole soliton discovered by 't Hooft and Polyakov
the first order formalism developed by Bogomol'ny, and
extensions of these ideas are illustrated.
1406. McKeon G. Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D17, No 2, pp.557-561.
GAUGE-INDEPENDENT OF
MONOPOLES
Mandelstam's gauge-independent treatment of electro-
dynamics provides a model for a similar gauge-independent
study of the Dirac monopole introduced by Cabbibo and
(1962).
1407. McKeon G. Can.J.Phys.,1978, vol.56, No 9,pp.1195-1201.
I
SELF-COUPLED VECTOR FIELDS
By use of Dirac's quantization procedure for constrained
systems,it is possible to derive the schwinger treatment of
, magnetic monopoles from a Lagrangian. A generalization of
this Lagrangian leads to a self-coupled vector field. The
techniques used are also applied to an extended Yang-Mills
Lagrangian based on Zwanziger's local ,Lagrangian theory of
of magnetic monopoles. These systems exhibit CP violation.
1408. McKeon G. Can.J.Phys.,1978.,vol.56, No
l'ATU nl:l:PENDENT ll'onMULATION Oll' AN EXTENDED
YANG-MILLS SYSTEM
,pp.656-658.
1409. Mecklenburg W., 0' Brien D. P.
No 4, pp.1J27-1J28.
Phys.Rev.,1978,vol.D18,
TI1ffi-DEPENDENT PROPERTY OF THE PRASAD-
SOMMERFIELD MONOPOLE
we show that Prasad-Sommerfield solution for the 't
Hooft monopole can be transformed to an exact time-dependent
solution (which is singular on the light cone) of the SU(2)
Yang-Mills-Higgs system.
1410. Mignani R.
600.
Lett.Nuovo Cim.,1978, vol.22, No 15, pp.597-
GRAVITATIONAL ANALOGUES OF MAGl-J"'ETIC MONOPOLES
FROM THE PATH-DEPENDENT FORMALISM
It is shovm within the framework of the path-dependent
approach to the gravitational field, gravitational "magnetic"
monopoles (i.e. sources of the dual Riemann tensor) arise
-
straightforwardly from a consistency requirement for the
theory. Moreover, their existence implies a local violation
of conservation law. Implications of gravita-
tional monopoles existence are briefly considered.
1411. Mignani R. In:TACHYONS,MONOPOLES,AND RELATED TOPICS.
Froc. of the first session of the interdisciplinary seminars
on "Tachyons, and related topics", held in Erice,Italy,
1-15 sept.,1976. Ed. Recami E.,Amsterdam,1978, pp.67-78.
QUATERNIONS AND LORENTZ TRANSFORMATIONS
In the last years, it was argued by some authors that
...
number systems with non-cmnmutative multiplication laws can
I
provide a deeper physical insight into.many open theoretical
problems. The generalization of the Lorentz group to trans-
formations with faster-than-light speed parameters( the 80-
called "extended theory of relativi tyn) has shovm i tself-
apart from the real existence of tachyons - to be a useful
tool in order to deal, within a purely rela-
tivistic but non quantum-mechanical) framework, with
antiparticles, discrete symmetries, CPTU covariance, and
so on. Therefore, it seems worthwhile 100kinC for possible
connections between non-commutative number systems and
ttsuperluminal" Lorentz transformations. In this paper, the
author reviews how Lorentz transformations (both subluminc.l
and superlumir.al) have been translated in quaternion languag
,
BeSides, some considerations are made on possible,further
developments of the theory, according to the suggestions by
the group properties of queternionic (generalized) Lorentz
transformations (QGLT).
1412. Mignani R. Instituto di Fisica G.Marconi, Univ.' di Roma,
I.N.F.N.,Roma,1978.
PATH-DEPElIDERT APPROACH TO GRAVITATIONAL
MONOPOLES
We discuss the possibility of introducing gravitational
analogues of magnetic monopoles(i.e. sources of the dual
Rieman tensor) into Einstein's equations, in the framework
of Mandelstam's path-dependent formulation of gravitational
field. It is shown that by this approach, gravitational mono
poles arise straightforwardly from a consistency requirement
for the theory. Moreover, thier existence implies a local
violation of energy-momentum conservation law. Possible
consequences and developments of the theory are considered.
141J. Milton K.A., De Raad L.L.,Jr.
vol.19, No 2, pp.J75-J82.
I
J.Math.Phys. (USA),1978,
STRINGS AND GAUGE INVARIANCE:
Considers the quantum theory of ' magnetic charges.The
two-body Schrodinger equation with a rine. of singularities
.". .
(string.) is solved flor an arbitrary position of the string.
Charge quantization is then a consequence of the requirement
that the wave function is single-valued. Formulations in
terms of vector potentials and of intrinsic spin are compare
and found to imply gauge invariance.
1414. Mottola E. Phys.Lett.,1978, vol.B79, No ), pp,242-244.
ZERO MODES OF THE 'T HOOFT-POLYAKOV
The zero energy eigenvalue problem for quantum fluctua-
tions about the 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole solution is
solved explicitly in the Prasad-Sommerfield limit, by
exploiting the formal similarity with self-dual euclidean
field configurations. The relevance of the results to the
spin of the quantized monopole is examined.
1415. Mottola E. Columbia Univ.,Dept. of PhYs., CU-TP-142,
New York,USA,1978.
NORMALIZABLE SOLUTIONS TO THE DIRAC EQUATION IN THE
PRESENCE OF A fvIAGNETIC MONOPOLE
The zero energy Dirac equation of a massless isovector
particle in the background field of the It Hooft-Polyakov
magnetic monopole is shovm to have only two normalizable
solutions.
----
1416. Nahm W. Phys.Lett.,1978, vol.B79, No 4/5, pp.426-428.
THE INTERACTION ENERGY OF IT HOOFT MONOPOLES IN
THE LIMIT
In the Prasad-Sommerfield limit of vanishing Higgs maSf
the size of tt Hooft monopoles
with each other.For monopoles
interaction energy decreases at
of the distance.
increases when they interact
of like charges, their
least with the fourth power
1417. Nahm W. European Organization for Nuclear Research,
CERN-TH-2550,Geneva,1978.
THE INTERACTION ENERGY OF 'T HOOFT.MONOPOLES IN
THE PRASAD-SO?lIMERFIELD LIMIT
1418. Nambu Y. New York Univ.Conference on Monopoles,1978.
Int.J.Theor.Phys.,1978, vol.17, No 4, pp.287-292.
SOME TOPOLOGICAL CONFIGURATIONS IN GAUGE THEORIES
A HiSS!!! vacuum field 1> is by the se-c
of conditions D'!,I. f/) =0, which lead to a generalized Me"issner
effect and determine the vector potential A/A in
terms of . Applyign this method to the Weinberg-Salam theory
we assert that there exist stringlike configurations in which
a pair of magnetic poles are bound by a flux string of the
ZO field, with an energy scale in the TeV range.We also point
out that pure gauges in non-Abelian gauge theories are not
well-defined due to topological singularities.In order to be
meaningful, they must be enlarged to a class of almost pure
gauges which include the various known topological configu-
rations.
1419. Nambu Y. The Enrico Fermi Inst.,Univ.of Chicago,EFI-78-
1), Chicago,1978.
TOPOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN GAUGE THEORIES
1420. Oh C. H.
680.
Progr.Theor.Phys.,1978, vol.59, No 2, pp.678-
DYONS IN.THE WEINBERG-SALAM UNIFIED GAUGE
THEORY
1421. Oh C. H Penang Malaysia Univ., preprint,1978.
. DYONS IN THE UNIFIED GAUGE
THEORY
1422. Oh C.H. Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.18, No 12, pp.4817-4818.
NOTE ON A CLASSICAL SOLUTION FOR T HOOFT MONOPOLE
AI{D THE JULIA-ZEE DYON
.A real stable solution for the SUe)) Ynag-Mills field
coupled to Higgs field is constructed from a complex
solution of the Yang-Mills equation. It has the
same properties as the Prasad-Sommerfield solution except
tor a singularity at the origin.
1423. Oh C. H. Penang Malaysie Univ. ,preprint, 19'(8.
A NOTE ON CLASSIC.AL SOLUTION FOR THE 'T HOOFT
MONOPOLE AND THE JULIA-ZEE DYON
1424. Olive D. Imperial College,Dept. of Theor.Phys.,ICTP-77-
78-20, London, 1978.
LECTURE ON MONOPOLES
1425. Olive D. Imperial College,Dept.of Theor.Phys.,ICTP-78-
78-5, London,1978.
THE ELEC TRIC AND MAGNETIC CF.LAHGES AS EXTRA
COMPONENTS OF FOUR MOMENTUM
1426. O'Raifeartaigh L., Rawnsley J. Phys.Lett.,1978, vol.B72
1
No 4, pp.465-470.
I
MASS-SPECTRUM FOR MONOPOLES OF INTEGRAL ISOSPIN.
BAG-MODEL AS THE HIGH ISOSPIN LIMIT
In two or three space dimensions solutions of the
/'
Yang-Mills-Higgs equations with finite energy 0 <. E < oG
and unit topological charge exist for all SO(2) and SO(3)
of the Higgs field, and hence define a
mass spectrum E(l) where I is the Casimir of the represen-
. tation. It is shown that E (I) increases monotonically Vii th
I, but tends to a finite limit as I-0- and that in this
limit, the system becomes a bag model, in which the oassive
gauge fields are completely confined and the field
plays the role of a surface tension.
1427. O'Raifeartaigh L. Dublin Inst.Advanced Studies,preprini
Dublin, 1978.
FINITE ENERGY SOLUTIONS OF GAUGE THEORIES
1428. Ozaki S. Preprint, Jan.1978.
FIELD THEORY OF CHARGES II.
'rV1O-DIMENSIQNAL 'rlmOR OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
1429. Parisi G. . In: TACHYONS ,MONOPOLES .AND RELATED TOPICS,
Proc. of the first session of the interdisciplinary seminars
on "Tachyons, and Related TopiCS", held in Erice, Italy,
1-15 Sept.,1976. Ed. Recami E., Amsterdam,1978, pp.233.
NON-CON"VENTIONAL MONOPOLES IN FIELD THEORY
published in summary form only.
1430. Pestov A.B. Joint Inst. for Nuclear Research,JINR P2-
11630, Dubna,1978.
THEORY OF MAGNETIC CHARGE(In Russian)
If the problem of magnetic charge is attempted to
analyse within the framework of the Ampere hypothesis, then
it can be established what is the field of non-zero magnetic
charge and what are equations of this field. The main conclu-
sions are as follows: there exist four independent types of
particles with magnetic charge which compose an unique
each of such particles has also an electric charge; in
-
processes involving particles with magnetic charge the
, .
violation should be observed. The problem of the deutron
magnetic charge is discussed as well.
1431. Price P.B., Shirk E.K., Osborn W.Z. and Pinsky C.S.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D18, No 5, pp.1382-1421.
FURTHER MEASUREMENTS AND REASSESSMENT OF THE
MAGNETIC -MONOPOLE CANDIDATE
'.
A possible event of magnetic monopole formation in a
stack of 35 lexan detectors and in 3 l.ayers of nuclear
emulsion is discussed. New data of new gauge measurements
is given.

1432. Rajput B.S.,Parkash o. Indian J. Pure and Appl.Phys.,
1978, vol.16, No 6, pp.593-597.
I
SYMMETRIES OF GEI1ERALIZED ELECTROMAGNETIC
FllilJ:.ns
1433. Ramsay N.F. Inst. of Physics.,Conference series No 42,
Bristol, 1978.
PHYSICS WITH REACTOR NEUTRONS
AND NEUTRINOS
1434. Rossi P. Pisa Scuola Normpup.,S.N.S.7-78, Italy,1978.
PROPAGATION FUNCTIONS IN THE FIELD OF
A MONOPOLE.-
1435. Ruzicka J. Joint Inst. for Nuclear Research, JINR
P2-11338, Dubna,1978.
CONNECTION BETWEEN THE SPIN MAGNETIC MOMENT
OF ELECTRON AND THE DIRAC MONOPOLE(In Russian)
It is shown that the theoretical value for the spin magnetiC
moment of electron ;U is the product of a magnetiC charge
value g, predicted by Dirac, and a classical electron
radius re.
1436. Ryder L.H. Physics Laboratory, Univ. of Kent,Canter-
bury,England, 1978.
DIRAC MONOPOLES,INSTANTONS AND HOPF MAPS
It is shown that in the presence of bare(Dirac)magnetic
charges, the S1 gauge transformations of electromagnetism are
fibres over s2, vrith total- space s3, and the magnetic charge
is the Hopt invariant of the map S3_ The nature of the
oonstruction. makes it clear that instan,tons are simply higher
dimensional and described by the Hopf map S7_ S4,
',,'
the fibre S3 corresponding to Yang-MilIa gauge transformations
,
1437. Sawada T.
158.
vol.59, No 1, pp.149-
PROPOSAL TO SONFIRM THE STRONG VAN DER WAALS
INTERACTImJ IN LOW ENERGY P-P SCA'l"l't:HltW
It is sho-:m that the low energy p-p data, especially
the data, already indicate the existence of the
strong long-range force acting between the wr-... ich
is expected to occur in the magnetic monopole model of
hadrons. In arriving at the conclusion, the detailed
tion concerning the two-pion exchange spectrum is not requir(
It is proposed to measure accurately the angular distrioutio!
of proton-proton scattering at low energy (0.1 MeV .f;T 25
MeV), and to estimate the power; of the long-range tail of
the extra nuciear potentials: vextra (r) . ____ - Gr-
fo

1438. Sawada T. Institute of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba,IbarakL
Japan,1978, UTHEP-34.
PRESENT STATUS OF THE STRONG VAN DER WAALS FORCE
IN THE HADRON-HADRON SCATTERING
Existence of the strong Van der Waals force between
hadrons is expected in the magnetic monopole model of
The long-range potential V(t)':::;;J -Cj,r for large r implies
the singulari ty e'i'2- of the scattering amplitude A(}J,iJ
The pion-pion and the nucleon-nucleon scattering are
analysed in search. of such a singularity at t=O. P-wave
amplitudes are the most convenient place to find the
lari ty since at )) =0 aA ( .. /) /:Y have a cusp C':;.J to 01 .
From the cusp of the.''iI-{Y amplitude of t =1 the coefficien'
of the Van der Waals potential is determined: C. =3.1 in
=1 unit. On the other hand the cusp of the cnetral P-wavl
amplitude of the proton-proton scattering, after separating
the and the vacuum polarization effect, gives C=10.'
also in unit. It is pointed Oft that the very precisl
data of p-p scattering at 0.3 < T < 1: MeV also suggest the
existence of the attractive force.
of the discovered strong iran der Waals,' force in the hadron
physics are discussed:
1439. Schiff H. J.Phys.,1978, vol.11, No 1, pp.173-177.
COLLINEAR TOPOLOGICAL MONOPOLES AND TOPOLOGICAL
LINES
Starting with the magnetic field of an arrangement of
magnetic on a line we construct an appropriate uni'
isovector and gauge fields. We find examples of monopoles
connected by topological lines where the total pole strength
must be integral but the individual monopoles neeed not be
integers.
1440. Schlitt D.W. Physica A (Netherlands),1978, vol.91,
No 1-2, pp.1JJ-1J8.
A MANIFESTLY GAUGE-INVAIUANT HAMILTONIAN FORMULATIOX
OF CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS INCLUDING MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
,
The formulation of classical electrodynamics of
Balescu and Poulain(1974) is extended to include magnetic
monopoles. It is found that this can be done consistently
if it is assumed that a magnetic charge and an electric
charge never occupy the same space time point.
1441. scott D.M. International Center for Theoretical
Physics, ICTP/78-79, Trieste,1978.
ON THE EXISTENCE AND SMOOTHNESS OF SPHERICALLY
SOLUTION IN NON-ABELIAN
GAUGE THEORIES
1442. Silvie P.,Weiss N. Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
SLAC-PUB-2147, Stanford,1978.
CLASSICAL YANG-MILLS THEORY IN THE PRESENCE OF
EXTERNAL SOURCES
1443. Silvie p.,Weiss N.
pp.3809-J821.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol."D18, No 10,
CLASSICAL YANG-MILLS THEORY IN THE PRESENCE OF
EXTERNAL SOURCES
We study in detail the classical Yang-Mills field
equations in the presence of static external sources. Their
formulation as an initial-value problem in the A =0 gauge
~ ~ e v i e ae with a powerful tool tor determining ~ h e exis-
tence of new solutions. In the case of point sources, the
only static solutions known so far are the various Coulomb
solutions which we classify according to their total energy
and isospin. In the case of a localized but extended source,
there are, besides the we11-knmm Coulomb solution, tvlO new
types of solutions: the "magnetic dipole" solution w'hich nas
the long-range behaviour of a magnetic dipole field and .
which has lower enrgy than the Coulomb solution when the
total external charge is large enough, and the "total'sceen-
ing" solution which has no long-range field strengths at all
and which can have an arbitrarily low energy. We present a
detailed study of these new solutions.
1444. Silvie P.,Weiss N.
pp.1411-1413.
Phys.Rev.Lett.,1978, vo1.40, No 22 ,
SCEENING SOLUTIONS TO CALSSICAL YANG-MILLS
THEORY
We present two new solutions to the classical Yang-
Mills equations in the presence of a localized external
source. Those solutions totally screen the charge of the
source. They have lower energy than the correspond,ing Cou-
lomb solution.
! .
<
1445. Silvie P., Weiss N. Stanford Linear Accelerator Center,
;
SLAC-PUB-2101, Stanford,1978.
SCEENING SOLUTIONS TO CALSSICAL YANG-MILLS
THEORY
1446. Sinha A. Ph.D. Thesis , Columbia Univ.,New York, USA,
1978. University microfilms order No 78-19,434
. .
GAUGE THEORY MONOPOLE SOLUTIONS
I
The simplest examples of monopole solutions in a SU(3)
gauge theory corresponding to the generators of the homotopy
goups. These monopoles are characterized either by two-
Abeloan magnetic charges, when the residual symmetry group.
H is U(1) x U(1) or by combined Abelian and non-Abelian
.. ,
magnetic charges when the residual symmetry group is U(2).
The magnetic charges do not always satisfy the Dirac quanti-
zation condition but do satisfy a genralized quantization
condition. The Poincare group transformations in the pre-
sence of monopole solutions in gauge theories using the
canonical formalisT':' developed by Christ, Guth and Weinberg.
It is shown that the infinitesimal transformations generated
by the Dirac with the generators, defined,as usual,
by the Belinfente tensor satisfy the Poincare group algebra,
in a particular version of axial gauge.
I
1441. Slad L. M.
pp.1411-1419.
vol.27, No 5,
NEUTRINO AS A SOURCE OF AXIAL ELECTROMAG11ETIC
FIELD(In Russian)
1448. Stone M., Thomas P.R.
pp.351-35,).
Phys.Rev.Lett.,1918, vol.41,No 6,
CONDENSED MONOPOLES AND ABELIAN C01"'FINEr:IENT
We show that contribution of monopole loops to the
functional integral in four-dimensional lattice (quantum
electrodynamics) can be mapped on to scalar quantum electro-
dynamics. The phase transition where the monopole loops
become very long then corresponds to the onset of the Higgs-
Kibble mechanism and confinement due to the dual Meissner
effect.
1449. Stone M.,Thomas P.R. Cambridge Univ.,Dept.of Applied
Mathematics a!ld Theoretical Physics, DAlilTP-78/7, 1978.
CONDENSED COMONOPOLES QUARK CONFINEMENT
.'
It is shown that.contribution ofmopopole loops to
the functional integral in Q.E.D. can be mapped on to scalar
Q.E.D. The phase transition where the monopole loops become
very long then correspond to the onset of the Higgs-Kibble
mechanism.
1450. stone !fl. ,Thomas P.R. Dept. of Applied Mathematics e,::-Ja
Theoretical Physics, Uni v. of Cambridge, DJ..MTP-78-7 , Cam'or:'
1978 .
cmmENSED MONOPOLES AND ABELIA1J C 017 INEMENT
1451. Sun Xin, Lu Tan, Luo Liao-Fu.
1978, vol.27, No 4, pp.430-438.
Acta Phys.Sinica(China) ,
THE SPECTRA OF THE MONOPOLE OF HYDROGElIT ATOiviS
The energy levels, the transition probabilities,the
spectra and the intensities of atom spectral lines, at
which the magnetic monopole plays the role of a nucleus
(the monopole of hydrogen atoms) have been calculated.
1452. Tchrakian D.H. Fachbereich Physik,Univ.
Univ.,1978, Kaiserslautern,11p.
N-DIMENSIONAL INSTANT01'JS Al1"D MONOPOLES
1453. Tchrakian D.H. Fachbereich Physik Univ.,Kaiserslautern,
,
Kaiserslautern,1978.
THE MAGNETIC CHARGE OF A SPHERICALLY SYMMETRIC
CLASS OF SU(2) MONOPOLES
The magnetiC monopole charge of a certain class of
spherically symmetric solutions of the Yang-Mills-Higgs
system with arbitrary "isospin" Higgs fields, is computed.
It is found that for odd "isospin" this charge is always
unity, while for even "isospin
it
- t it is equal to (1-4t' ).
1454. Thomas G.H. Argonne National Lab.,ANL-HEP-PR-18-23,
Argonne, 1918. ,
INTRODUCTORY LECTURES ON FIBRE BUNDLES
ANU 1I'0ll PIIyn:ra:rd'Iid
1455. Troost w. KUL-TF-181 006, Leuren,Belgium,1918.
SOLUTION OF A PARADOX CONCERNING THE MOTION
OF AN ELECTRIC AND A MAGNETIC POINT CHARGE
D.Roser.baum noted a paradox connected with the motion
of an electric charge in the field of a magnetic monopole,
if the initial velocity is directed towards this monopole.
This paradox is resolved by smearing out the electric charge
over the surface of a sphere, and taking the point limit.
1456. Tsou Sheng Tsun. European Org.for Nucl.Research,
CERN-TH-2535, Geneva,1918.
A SHORT INTRODUCTION TO THE
FORMULATION OF GAUGE THEORY(Talk)
1457. Tucker R. W., European Organization for Nuclear Research,
CERN-TH-2520,Geneva,1918.
AXIALLY SYMMETRIC WLAGNETOSTATICS IN SU(2)
GAUGE THEORY
A study is made of axially symmetric solutions of the
Bogomolny equation having finite energy. The theory is refor-
mulated in the language of quaternion valued differential
forms and the techniques of the exterior calculus used through
, .
out. With boundary conditions appropriate to a configuration
of definite magnetic charge the forms studied lead unambigu-
ously to the 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole. The implications
of this result for the conjectured gauge field-monopole
i
duality are discussed.
I'
- ! Ii r
.-'. ......
1458. Tu Tung-Sheng,Ruan Tu-nan Phys.Energ.Fortis & Phys.Nucl.
(China),1978; vol.2, No 1, pp.49-60.
VARIOUS EXPRESSIONS FOR THE FIELD STRENGTHS OF A
MONOPOLE W2:TH :!JIFFERENT VELOCITIES AND THE INTEGRAL
FORI.1 OF 'IlKS POTENTI.A.L OF A MONOPOLE (In Chinese)
Various 'expressions for the field strengths of an
accelerated monopole are given. In the integral form, the
discuss the poteLtials for static, uniformly
and accelerateci :-.1onopoles. In the static case, the ','!u-Y2.ng
potential is In the case of constant velocity
the authors obtain a potential which can also be obtained
through Lorentz traT:sformation from the Wu-Yang poten"tial.
However, for,an accelerated monopole, the correct potential
cannot be obtained through Lorentz transformation. On the
contrary, the correct Lienard-Weichert potential of aT: accele-.
rated electron can be obtained through Lorentz trans.:;:-'or.;"ation.
1459. Tzu Tung-Pei Phys.Energ.Fortis & PhyS.Nucl.(China),
1978, vol.2, No 1, pp.93-96.
NON-SINGULAR VECTOR POTENTIAL OF A W..AGNETIC II'IOI'JOPOLE
IN THE DIRECTION OF (In Chinese)
After a brief discussion of Dirac's magnetic monopole
potential and various solutions, the author derived a wave
function for electron motion in a monopole potential.
1460. Urrutia L.F.
3034.
Phys.Rev.,1978, vol.D18, No 8, pp.3031-
ZEROTH-ORDER EIKONAL APPROXIW1ATION IN RELATIVISTIC
CHARGED SCATTERING
The relativistic spin-1/2 charged-particle-magnetic-
monopole scattering is considered in the high-energy ,low-
momentum-transfer limit. Under these circumstances the diffe-
rential cross section is calculated in the zeroth-order ei-
konal approximation and shown to be independent of the choice
...
of the singularity line. In the same coptext the remote
contribution to the variation of the action induced by a
change in the'singularity line is shovm to be non-zero cont-
rary to what is usually assumed.
1461. Urrutia L.F. Calif.Univ. Los Angeles, UCLA-78-TEP-7,
Los Angeles,1978.
ZEROTH-ORDER EIKONAL APPROXIMATION IN RELATIVISTIC
CHARGED-PARTICLE-MAGNETIC-MONOPOLE SCATTERING
1462. Vysin v.
pp.76-80.
Lett,Nuovo Cimento,1978, vol.22, ser.2,No 2,
APPROACH TO TACHYON I>10NOPOLES IN R6 SPACE
The existence of tachyon magnetic monopoles with an
elementary magnetic charge has been proposed in studies using
extended Lorentz transformations. Further investigations
into these monopoles, based on the introduction of super-
luminal transformations into Dirac's theory of electricity
and magnetism, is presented. The formalism allows space and
time to play a symmetrical role by assuming time is a vector
in T3 Euclidean space.
-, '
1463. Wang Ming-chung, Cheng Hsi-teh, Wang Ke-Lin, Chang Cheng-kang,
Hsien-Ting-chang. Phys.Energ.Fortis & PhyS.Nucl.(China),
1978, vol.2, No 1, pp.35-41.
SPINOR MONOPOLE SOLUTION IS POSSIBLE
(In Chinese)
By introducing a direct scalar coupling between the
spinor field and the Higgs field, the authors are able to
show that in the non-Abelian case, a spinor monopole bound s t a ~
state solution exists. The distribution of the spin'or field '
in the solution concentrates near the origin, which is unlike
the shell distribution of the SLAC solution.
,
__ . ~ t ,
. ,
--. -.....
1464. Wang Ke-Lin, Hsien Ting-Chang,Cheng Hsi-Teh. Phys.Energ.
Fort. Phys.Nucl.(Chinese),1978, vol.2, pp.40J-4JO.
ON THE SU(4) MONOPOLE AND DYON SOLUTIONS
(In Chinese)
1465. Wang Yun-Kong,Chang Kuo-Yiu, Hou Bo-Yu. Phys.Energ.Fort.
& Nucl.Phys.(China),1978, vol.2, No 4, pp.J68-J70.
A SERIES OF SOURCELESS SOLUTION OP SU(2) GAUGE
FIELDS- THE SU(2) AND U(1) POTENTIAL OF STATIC
MONOPOLE SYSTEMS(In Chinese)
1466. Wang Ke-Lin, Hsien Ting-Chang,Cheng Hsi-Teh Phys.Energ.
Fortis & PhyS.Nucl.(China), 1978, vol.2, No ), pp.275-279.
ON THE MAGNETIC MONOPOLE AND DIPOLE SOLUTION
OF THE SU(N) GAUGE FIELD THEORY IN A CURVED
SPACE(In Chinese)
Detailed investigation is made of a solution to the
coupled Einstein-SU(n)-Higgs field.
1467. Von Westenholz C. Ann.Inst. Henri Poincare,1978, Section
A,
TOPOLOGY OF VORTICES
A conceptional new approach to field theory is given
in terms of unified intrinsic field quantities which consis-
tently describe interacting elementary particle systems. These
non-local field quantities provide a classification of vor-
tices in terms of homotopy theory and the Rham's cohomotopy
framework. By way of such a classification scheme,interacting
vortex lines, i.e. interacting particles associated with these
vortex lines are described in terms of a topological linkage
property. A topological scattering set-up of this type dis-
plays similar features as Born-scattering.
1468. Wilkinson D. & Bais A. Fermi National Accelerator Labo
ratory, FERMILAB-PUB-78/77-THY,Batavia,1978.
EXACT SU(N) MONOPOLE SOLUTIONS WITH
B'HmttOA!'
1469. wu Tai-tsun, Tu Tung-sheng,Yang Chen-ning.
1978, vol.21, No J, pp.J17-J26.
Sci.Sinica,
INTERACTION OF ELECTRONS,MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
AND PHOTONS
A secondary quantized theory of interacting electro!1s,
magnetic monopoles and photons is built by means of the
so-called monopole harmonics. Electrons and monopoles
considered to be the Dirac 1/2 spin particles with non-fille
states of negative energy.
1470. Wu Yong-Shi,Chen Shih, Tu Tung-Sheng,Kuo Han-Yink.
Kexue Tongbao(China),1978, vol.23, No 3, pp.150-153.
MONOPOLES IN BROKEN SOJ AND SU
2
GAUGE THEORIES(In Chinese)
The e.m. potential representation of magnetic monopoleE
in broken SOJ and SU
2
gauge theories is derived and possible
conclusion are drawn.
1471. WU Yong-Shi,Chen Shih,Kuo Han-Ying
vol.21, No 2, pp.193-206.
Sci.Sinica,1978,
U
2
SU
2
x U
1
INVARIANCE OF PRINCIPAL BUNDLES
FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND ITS PHYSICAL
IMPLICATIONS
It is proved that the main U(1) stratifications for
monopolss,i.e. the Hopff s3/
ZD
stratifications( where D is
any integer) allow the invariance which preserves the struc-
ture of stratification. The SU(2) generators are identified
with angular momentum operators( including an additional
..
term Zegr(r) of space rotations. near the magnetic monopole.
and U(1) is a generator with an operator charge.
1472. yang Chen-Ning
)28.
J.Math.Phys.,1978, vol.19, No 1,pp.J20-
GENERALIZATION OF DIRAC'S MONOPOLE TO SU
2
GAUGE FIELDS
Dirac's monopole is generalized to SU
2
gauge fields
in five-dimensional flat space or four-dimensional spheri-
cal space. The generalized fields have S05 symmetry. The
method used is related to the concept of orthogonal gauge
fields which is developed in an appendix. The angular
momenta operators for the S05 symmetrical fields are giver..
1473. yang C.N.
2627.
J.Math.Phys.,1978, vol.19, No 12, pp.2622-
SU(2) MONOPOLE HARMONICS
1474. Zeldovich Ya.B.,Khlopov M.Yu. Phys.Lett.,1978, vol.B79,
i
No 3, pp.239-241.
ON THE CONCEnTRATION OF RELIC MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
IN THE UNIVERSE
The modern concentration of relic 't Hooft-Polyakov
monopoles is shovm to amount to 10-19cm-J, being
by the diffusion annihilation rate at t < 10-
5
s.
To eliminate the contradiction with experimental upper
limits some mechanism similar to quark confinement should
forbid free monopole existence.
1475. Zrelov V.P.
pp.145-147.
Nucl.Instr. & Meth.,1978, vol.15J, No
ON POSSIBLE IMPROVEMENT OF A PHOTOGRAPHIC DETECTOR
TO SEARCH FOR THE DIRAC MONOPOLE BY VAVILOV-CHEREN-
KOV RADIATION
The diadvantag@ of a Cherenkov photographio detootor
applied to investigate the composition of cosmic radiation
by Z values are considered. It is shovm that the use of
a lens-raster radiator makes it possible to reduce conside-
rably the requirements to photoplayer sensitivity, to
simplify the determination of the velocity and the direction
ot particles ana to searoh ror ttle Dirac
monopole more reliably.
\
./.
J .
. ~ . ;,.
f
J
I'
,"1
'.' '.
. ...
1979
/'
\
'.
. , , .
.' .
I '
,
1979
1476. Actor A. Lett.Math.Phys.t1979, vol.J, pp.J45-J49.
MERON ANTI1.ffiRON SOLUTION IN MINKOWSKI SPACE
1477. Actor A. Rev.Mod.Phys.,1979, vol.51, No J, pp.461-526.
CLASSICAL SOLUTIONS OF SU(2) YANG-MILLS
THEORIES
A comprehensive review of the known classical solutions
of SU(2) gauge theories is presented. The author follows
the historical development of this subject from its begin-
ing ( the first explicit solution found was an inbedded
Abelian static Coulomb solution) up to the most recent work.
in the field ( in particular the solution which represent
monopoles, instantons and merons). As well as being a detail
survey, this article is intended to serve as a self-containec
introduction to the subject.
1478. Ahlen S.P.
1979.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab.,LBL-9J5J,Berkeley,
THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ASTECTS OF THE ENERGY
LOSS OF RELATIVISTIC HEAVILY IONIZING PARTICLE
1479. Anandan J.
250.
Nuovo Cimento,1979, vol.5JA, No 2, pp.221-
INTERFERENCE, GRAVITY AND GAUGE FIELDS
1480. Asorey M.,Boya L.J. Dept. de Fisica Teorica,Univ. Zara-
goza, Zaragoza,Spain,1979.

ELECTROMAGNETISM WITHOUT MONOPOLES IS POSSIBLE
IN NON-'TRIVIAL U(1)-FIBRE BUNDLES
, ,
1481. Asorey M.,Boya L.J.
pp.2327-2329.
J.Math.Phys.,1979, vol.20, No 11,
ELECTROMAGNETISM WITHQ.UT MONOPOLES IS POSSIBLE
IN NON-TRIVIAL U(1)-FIBRE BUrIDLES
If the first homotopy group 'of a spacetime manifold
J\l is paydic with p.> 1, we prove that there exists
(p-1) nontrivial and nonequivalent fibre bundles on with
gauge group U(1) in which all the connections describe electr
magnetic gauge field without monopoles. Some spacetimes
verifying this condition are introduced. These stresses the
physical relevance of the difference between first Chern
classes with integer coefficients and those with real coef-
ficients.
1482. Baaklini N.S.
524.
Nucl.Phys.,1979, vol.B142, No 4, pp.510-
QUANTIZATION OF SUPERPARAMETRIZED MONOPOLES
Classical finite-energy solutions of the SU(2) .Yang-
Mills-Higgs system in four.-dimensional space-time are em-
bedded in the supersymmetric extension of the theory.Finite
supertranslationa are constructed and are used to obtain
a family of solutions to the supersymmetric field equations
fermionic Majorana spinor parameters. The
quantum theory around arbitrary classical solutions,para-
metrized by arbitrary bosonic (global and local) as well
as fermionic (global) parameters, is constructed and dis-
cussed.
1483. Bacry H., Nuyts J.
pp.469-484.
Nucl.Phys.,1979, vol.B151, No ),
PURE CLASSICAL SU(2) YANG-MILLS THEORY WITH
POTENTIALS INVARIANT UNDER A U(1) GAUGE SUBGROUP
The present article is devoted to pure SU(2) classical
Yang-Mills theories whose potentials are invariant under a
U(1) gauge sub,group. Such potentials are shown to be associa-
_ I' . ..,;"
' ... '
ted with classical Maxwell-like fields with magnetic sources,
as tt Hooft's monopole is associated with the Dirac magnetic
monopole. Conversely the authors give Yang-Mills potentials
corresponding to some Maxwell-like fields, in particular (I)
static fields with emf'hAA1-a An iihpAR W;i.iih Pjfl.;l.ml:ei-
cal symmetry (including the dipole and other multipoles);
(II) the "ephemerons" corresponding to an instantaneons
magnetic monopole.
1484. Bacry H., Nuyts J. Proc.Group Theoretical Methods in
Physics, Austin,1978. Berlin,1979, pp.25-26.
SOME CLASSICAL SOLUTIONS OF SU(2) YANG-MILLS
EQUATIONS (Talk)
1485. Bais F. A. KUL-TF-79/021,Louvain,Belgium,1979.
0(3) SYMMETRIC MONOPOLES AND INSTANTONS
1486. Bais F.A., Troost w. Louvain,KUL-TF-79/033, Louvain,
Belgium, 1979.
ZERO MODES AND BOUNDSTATES OF THE SUPER-
MONOPOLE
We study the zero modes and boundstates of elementary
fields in ,the presence of the Prasad-Sommerfield monopole
in N=2 supersymmetric SU(2) gauge theory. The problem is
- reduced to a single one-dimen.sional Schrodinger problem d.u.e
to a-simple relation between the solutions of the spinor
. (pseudo)scalar and vector equations. An infinite number of
boundstates is shown to exist which form degenerate super-
multiplets. There is only one zeromode in the pseudoscalar
field 'which corresponds to a global chiral symmetry of the
theory, confirming the existing interpretation of the zero-
modes in this model.
1487. Bais F.A. Phys.Rev.,1979,vol.D18, No 4, pp.1206-1210.
CHARGE-MONOPOLE DUALITY IN SPONTANEOUSLY
BROKEN GAUGE THEORIES

The 9f O:}.i.a (1977) d6ncid:iHilLd
an electric-magnetic dual symmetry in the 0(3) Georgi-Gla-
J
show model is generalized to theories with an arbitrary
pact gauge group.
1488. Baker W.M. Nuovo Cim.,1979, vol.A54, No 1, pp.63-80.
ON DUA!,ITY INVARIANCE SIMPLE GAUGE THEORIES
INCLUDING ELECTROMAGNETIC-TYPE FIELDS WITH SOURCES
Duality transformations of the type defined in electro-
magnetiC theory are discussed and classified in terms of
those having a direct relationship to an internal-symmetry
structure of a given gauge theory and those that do not.It
is argued that to build a satisfactory generalized electro-
magnetic theory with local duality invariance into a gauge
theory, as at ,least a part of its internal-symmetry struc-
ture, requires a group structure not "smaller" than S03
(or SU
2
). Various reductions in a S03 model with sources
are considered which allow one to see how the standard form
of Maxwell's theory. together with some of its immediate
generalizations, may be thought of as embedded in this non-
Abelian gauge theory. These reductions and this type of
embedding of Maxwell's theory are discussed in connection
with spontaneous symmetry breaking. A Simple type of
"doubled" Weinberg-Salam model that could include a duality-
form of electromagnetic theory with magnetic mono-
A
poles is briefly considered.
1489. Balachandran A.P., stern A.,Marmo G.,Skagerstam B.S.
Syracuse Univ.,SU-4213-138,New'York,1979.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES WITH NO STRINGS

1490. Balachandran A.P., stern A., Marmo G., Skagerstam B.S.
European Organization for Nuclear Research , CERN-TH-' 2711 ,
Geneva,1979.
SUPERSYMMETRIO POl7iT PARTICLES AND MONOPOLES WITH
NO STRINGS
1491. Balog J., Hrasko P.
pp.4486-4488.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D18, No 12,
EXISTENCE OF l'ilAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN THE UNIFIED
FIELD THEORY
It has been stated that a unified field theory pro-
posed recently forbids the existence of magnetic monopoles.
The authors show that this result is the consequence of an
unnecessarily stringed condition imposed on the magnetic-
monopole solution.
i
1492. Bauks T., Spiegelglas M. Nucl.Phys.,1979, vol.B152,
No 3-4, pp.478-492.
SPIN-DEPENDENT FORCES IN A SEMICLASSICAL MODEL

OF C ONF INEMENT
The model of charges immersed in a magnetic monopole
superconductor, which may simulate confined quarks, is
used to estimate the spin-dependent part of the confinig
The spin-spin interaction is found to be short-range.
Its range is estimated. TQe coefficient of the linear con-
fining force and the density of the monopoles in the
conductor are also calculated.
1493. Banks T., Tomb,oulis E.
pp.501-504.
Phys.Rev. ,1919, vol.D20,No 2,
IMPROVED FORMALISM FOR ABELIAN MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
Euolidean lattice methods are used to derive an
improved version of the Schwinger-ZwBnzigerLagrangian for
maghetic monopoles. The formalism involves a nondynamical
string variable Xv. (O:"L) When the monopoles are coupled
1/
to a charged scalar field can be utilized to absorb
the dynamics of discontinuities in the angular part of the
scalar field. In the Higgs phase where such discontinuities
i' Qn .t. l:uHH:imQ.:l Rr 4Yham'i q Rrl. VRr:t':t i:l twd
the Lagrangian becomes manifestly covariant. The authors
derive the heuristic string-monopole equations of Nambu as
the classical limit of the Higgs model in the London appro-
ximation.
1494. Banks T., Tomboulis E. Princeton Inst. Adv.Study,
Tel Aviv Univ., preprint,1979.
IMPROVED FORMALISM FOR ABELIAN MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
1495. Barker W.A.,Graziani F.
pp.1111-1115.
; Am.J.Phys.,1979, vol.46,No 11,
A HEURISTIC POTENTIAL THEORY OF ELECTRIC
AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLES WITHOUT STRINGS
A simple spherical distribution of electric and/or
charge moves with a constant velocity with respect
to an observer in the laboratory frame. The electric and
magnetic potentials are written in the rest frame of the two
types of charge, and in the laboratory frame by meaps of
the Lorentz transofrmation. The E and H fields are evalua-
ted and are sho\vn to be consistent with Maxwell's equations,
generalized to include magnetic charge. In this development
a "scalar" rather than a "vector" potential is used to
describe the I:!lagnetic monopole at rest, thus avoiding "string
theory". This approach leads to a more complicated but still
useful form for the classical Lagrangian
.1496. Barker W.A., Graziani F.
pp. 3849-.3857. '
Phys.Rev.,1979, D18,No 10,
QUANTUM-MECHANICAL FORIvIULATION OF THE ELECTRON-
'.'
"MONOPOLE INTERACTION WITHOUT DIRAC,STRINGS
A relativistic wave equation is used to describe the
interaction of an electron with a magnetic monopole at rest.
I
A quasi potential defined in terms of an integral involving
the pseudoscalar potential m = g/r is used in
Dirac string-free formalism. This equation written in non-
relativistic form, is used in conjunction with the appropriu-
te angular momentum operators to obtain the Dirac quantiza-
tion condition.An argument using gauge invariance shows that
this condition is not modified by a relativistic treatment.
A detailed comparison is made with conventional string theory,
which is also formulated relativistically.
1497. Barricelli N.A. Oslo Univ. ,Mathemat.Inst .;j preprint No 3,
Oslo,Norway,1979.
HEAVY NEUTRAL LEPTON PREDICTED BY A MAGNETIC
QUARK MODEL
Magnetic quark model interpretations of the tau lepton
(Barricelli,1978) involve the charmed quark C and may
in this respect consider tau as a charged lepton.If this
interpretation is correct there is nor reason why there
could not exist also a strange lepton $1 in which C is
replaced by the strange quark S. The strange lepton construc-
ted in this Way would be electrically neutral. Its mass is
calculated in one of the possible magnetic quark interpreta-
tions, and a few decay possibilities are identified for tau
and sf some tau decays which would lead to the
. formation of ./f leptons.
1498. Barut A.O. J.Phys., 1979, vol. A11, No 10, pp.2073-2081.
COVARIANT FIELD EQUATIONS FOR AN ELECTROMAGNETIC
STRING WITH MASS POINTS AT THE ENDS
A new set of covariant field equations for the interuc-
ting charge-monopole systems have been obtained which treats
the string singularities of the electromagnetic potentials
dynamically. The nonrelativistic monopole potentials are
derived from the covariant theory.
1499. BarutA.O. Fiz.Elem.Chastits and At.Yadra,1979,vol.10,
No J, pp.5J9-550.
THE THEOREM OF CHARGE QUANTIZATION (In Russian)
The relativistic action principle of Dirac for the
interacting electric charges and magnetic monopoles accords
a certain physical reality to the singularity lines of the
vector potential. This fact removes various difficulties in
the derivations of the charge quantization condition via
the angular momentum and flux quantizations conditions and
has consequences in experimental search for monopoles and
in hadron models.
1500. Barut A.O. In: TACHYONS,MONOPOLES AND RELATED TOPICS,
Ed. E.Recami, pp.227-2J1.
ELECTRODYNAMICS WITH STRINGS AND MONOPOLES
The author reviews some newer results in the theory
of interacting electric and magnetic charges. The significance
of the singularities of the electormagnetic potential is
particularly emphasized both in the formulation of a con-
sistent field theory based on Dirac's action principle and
the many other topological quantum properties of charge-mono-
pole or dyonium systems
.
1501. Bartlett D.F.,Soo D., Whita M.G. Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.
D18, No 7, pp.225J-2261.
SEARCH FOR TACHYON MONOPOLES IN COSMIC RAYS
The authors have searched for a particle which combines
the properties of a tachyon with those of a magnetic mono-
pole. The tachyon monopole is assumed to exist in cosmic
rays striking the earth and to be influenced by the exten-
sive magnetic fringing field of Fermilab's 15-th bubble
chamber. By hypothesizing that the tachyon monopoles will
either emit Cherenkov radiation in air or ionize Lexan plas-
tic they set an upper limit of 5 x 10-
12
cm-
2
sec-
1
on
thier flux

1502. Bazhanov V.V. ,Borodulin V.I.,Proviko G.P.,Soloviev L.D.
J.Theoret. and Math.Phys.,1979, vol.40, No 3, pp.355-362.
I
SCATTERING AT ANGLES
IN THE QYANTYM THEORY OF nIRAg-SGHWINGER
MONOPOLE
In the framework of the quantum theory of the Dirac-Schwin-
I
ger magnetic monopole, an exact amplitude of the monopole-
charge scattering at small angles is evaluated. The ampli-
tude obtained satisfies the relativistic invariance condi-
tion. Feynman rules are obtained for monopole- monopole aLd
electron-electron scattering for a photon, electron and
monopole. The problem related to redetermining the Feynman
amplitude of monopole-charge scattering at small angles is
studied. The amplitude obtained has an analytic structure,
it can be easily continued in the annihilation channel.
1503. Ben-Menahem S.
1933.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.20, No 8, pp.1923-
CONFINEMENT IN COMPACT QED FOR LOW COUPLINGS
A comparison is made between several models of lattice
QED, in 2+1 dimensions which have been shovm to exhibit
confinement for small couplings. We also compare two dif-
ferent approaches which have been employed to study this
phenomenon: the variational and path-integral methods. The
-"
reason for differences in the results are explored. The
importance of compactness for low-coupling confinement
is demonstrated.
1504. Ben-Menahem S. Stanford Linear Accelerator Center,SLAC-
PUB-2335,Stanford,1979.
CONFINEMENT. IN COMPACT QED FOR LOW COUPLINGS
150;. Blagoj@vio M.,Sijaoki Dj.,Neoio D.,Senjanovio P.,Zivanovio
Dj. Phys.Lett.,1979, vol.B79, No 1-2,pp.75-78.
A NEW APPROACH TO THE QUANTUM FIELD THEORY OF
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
The authors propose a formulation of quantum field theory
of electric and magnetic charge closely patterned after
f9rmu1etien pesse8RPR
an extremely transparent canonical structure and picture of
the physical photon degrees of freedom
.. -
1506. Blagojevic M.,Senjanovic P. Nucl. PHys.,1979, vol.B161,
No 1. pp.112-124.
A ONE-POTENTIAL FORMULATION OF THE QUANTUM FIELD
THEORY OF MAG1ffiTIC POLES
We formulate a new approach to the quantum field theory
of electric and magnetic charges. Its advantages relative to
existing formulations are that (a) it is a one-potential
Lagrangian one, (b) it has a canonical structure and (c)
it represents a natural generalization of Dirac'S quantum
mechanical theory to field theory. Our formulation is non-
local in coordinate space, but yields Feynmann rules that
are local in space.
1507. V.A., Byzov N.N.
pp.107-109.
Izv.Vyzov Fiz.,1979,No 3,
CLASSICAL EQUATIOnS OF MOVING MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
WITB INHERENT ELECTRIC DIPOLE MOMENT
Magnetic monopole with inherent electric moment moving
in the random external electromagnetic field is considered.
The derivation of equations for the monopole movement is pre-
sented within the framework of classical relativistic mecha-
nics.lt is noted that the substitution of electric charge for
the monopole charge ( R) with simultaneous substitution of the
electromagnetic field tensor with a tensor dual to it in one
of the derived equations leads to the equation obtained ear .. -
lier by Good,Neiborg et ale for charged electric particle with
inherent magnetio moment. In case of homogeneous fields the
obtained equation changes into the Bergman-Michel-Telegdi
equation . It is noted that this equation may be used for.
developing new methods of searching for magnetiC monopoles.
1508. Boutaleb J.H., Chakrabarti A. Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D19,
No 2, pp.457-466 .
KERR-SCHILD GEOMETRY,SPINORS,AND INSTANTONS
The spin connection is studied for the Kerr-Schild
metric. Our choice of tetrad leads to particularly simple
results. The associated complex SU(2) eauge fields for
many important particular cases, including the axially sym-
metric stationary Kerr metric, are thus presented in a
unified fashion. Static spherically symmetric cases are
;
studied in detail, including a cosmological term. A Lorentz
gauge transformation is introduced for this class such that
a further ( inverse Finkelstein) coordinate transformation
of a very simple form is obtained in the diagonal static
i
metric. Using this, we study the passage to the Euclidean
section, leading to real (anti) self-dual SU(2) gauge fields
for the uncharged case. The role of the cosmological constan
concerning the Pontryagin indices is elucidated. Finally,
a class of solutions of the zero-mass Dirac equation is
studied in a appendix. The relation of such solutions poss-
essing stringlike singularities, to similar ones in flat
space, in the presence of non-Abelian monopoles and instan-
tons is pointed out.
1509. Boutaleb J.H., Chakraborti A., Comtet A. Paris Ecole
Poly technique, A 329.0379,Paris,1979.
GAUGE FIELD CONFIGURATIONS IN CURVED SPACETI1mS;I
1510. Boutaleb J.H., Chakrabarti A. ,Comtet A.
1979, vol.D20, No 8, pp.1884-1887.
Phys.Rev.,
GAUGE FIELD CONFIGURATIONS IN CURVED
We study classical solutions of SU(2) Yang-Mills field
equations;with or without coupled scalar fields, in curved
@ntilll, gnly sttic, spherical-
ly symmetric background metriCS, for both Lorentz and Eucli-
dean signatures. Section I presents the motivation for
searching sucp solutions. In Sec.II the equations of motion
for a class of Ansatz and several static solutions are given,
namely, a class of scalar fields competible with a point
monopole and particular solutions, for gauge fields alone,
in background Schwarzschild and de Sitter metrics, respec-
Some ere In
Sec. III a finite action, Prasad-Sommerfield-type solutior.
is constructed for the 0(4,1) de Sitter metric. In Sec.IV
it is shown how one Single, Simple de Sitter solution can
lead to various well-known flat-space solutions, and to new
ones, through a systematic exploitation of conformat equi-
valence. Self-duality constraints are formulated explicitly
in Sec.V. for a static spherically symmetric metric.Certain
results for the Robinson-Bertott metric are given in
Sec. VI.
1511. Bounardeau M.,Drukier A.K. Astrophys. & Space Sci.,
1979, vol. 60, No 2, pp.J15-J99.
ON THE CREATION OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN
j
PULSARS
1512. Bounardeau M., Drukier A.K. Nature,1979, vol.277,
No 5691, pp.54J-544.
I
CREATION OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN PULSARS
It is suggested that magnetic monopoles are created
in pulsars the impact of accelerated electrons on the
I
neutron star crust. A cross-section for monopole produc-
tion is derived. It is proposed that half of the monopoles
produced in this way are accelerated towards the neutron
star surfaces( the rest are expelled into the interstellar
medium) and produce a decrease in the pulsar magnetic field.
This decrease in the magnetic field implies that the charac-
teristic ages of pulsars are greater than their real ages
a conclusion that is consistent with the observed
cy between the characteristic ages and kinematic ages of
pulsars.
1513. Brandt R.A., Neri F., Zwanziger D.
vol. D19, No 4, pp.1153-1161.
I
Phys.Rev.,1919,
LORENTZ INVARIANCE FROM CLASSICAL PARTICLE PATHS
.w OF Awn
CHARGE '
We establish the Lorentz invariance of the quantum
field theory of electric and magnetic charge. This is a
priori implausible because the theory is second-quantized
version of a classical field theory which is inconsistent
if the minimally coupled charged fields are smooth functions.
For our proof we express the generating functional for the
gauge-invariant Green's functions of quantum electrodynamics
with or without magnetic charge as a path integral over the
. tragectories of classical charged point particles. The electric
electric and electric-magnetic interactions contribute fac-
tors exp. (JOJ) and exp. (JD'K), where J and K are the elect-
ric and magnetic currents of classical point particles and
D is the usual photon propagator. The propagator D' involves
the Dirac string but exp.(JD'K) depends on it only through
a topological integer linking string and classical particle
trajectories. The charge quantization
=integer then! suffices to make the gauge-invariant Green's
function string independent.BY implication, our formulation
shows that if the Green's functions of quantum electrodyna-
mics are expressed, as usual, as functional integrals over
classical charged fields, the smooth field configurations
have measure zero and all the support of the Feynman measure
lies on the trajectories of classical point particles.
1514. Brandt R.A., Neri F.

Phys.Rev.,1919, vol.D18,No 6,
REMARKS ON ZWANZIGER'S LOCAL QUANTUM FIELD
THEORY OF ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
1515. Brandt R.A., Neri Dept. of phys. New York Univ.,
NYU/ TR 1/19, New York,1919.
STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR SINGULAR NON-ABELIAN
MAGNETIC-MONOPOLES
1516. Brandt R.A., Neri F.
pp.25J-282.
Nucl.Phys.,1979, vol.B161, No 2-3,
STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR SINGULAR NON-ABELIAN
MONOPOLES
The Dirac magnetic monopole potential g Acl'") -( 14i7) (; '" vi).
(r-'t--rS
1
is a stable solution to the Abelian-Maxwell equations.
The simple generalization 6 = A is a solution to the
classical non-Abelian generalized Yang-Mills eUqations,where
. is a matrix in the Lie algebra of the gauge group.
In this paper the stability problem for these non-Abelian
monopoles is posed and solved. Although A is essentially
Abelian in that A J<. 6 = 0 the stabi Ii ty analysis is non-
,
trivial because it involves the full structure
of the theory. It is first shown that the potential leads
to a rotationally invariant classical theory, only if the
quantization condi tion nl':> (Sf!, =eigenvalue of jYt/fir,
tf = integer=O, 1, 2, , ; gauge field'
coupling constant = e =1) is satisfied. ( In contrast, the
Abelian -Dirac quantization condition gltt/r.: is
necessary only in quantum ,mechanics), The stability analy-
sis is performed by solving the linearized equations for
the perturbed, potentials 6(;;:) + Q,(r, tJ' .Thus the exis-
tence of a solution which grows exponentially in
timet is equivalent to the instability of A .Using a
convenient choice for the basis of; and the background
gauge condition, the equation for a particle of unit spin,
unit charge and unit anomalous magnetic moment moving in the
potential This equation is separated using the Yang-
WU monopole harmonics, generalized to include unit spin.The
radial equation is them solved in terms of the eigenvalues
of an operator related to the spin and orbital angular momen-
tum operators. The result is that 6 is stable if and only
if each integer is either 0 or 1. The monopoles
wi tho 1(1 .:> 1/2 are thus unstable and the:refore no quantum-
m@ghgniggl ignifiggnc@. Thi cgncluigD i Yed tg
about the empirical of monopoles, the stability of
the non-singular ('t Hooft-Polyakov) monopoles, and their
existence of magnetic confinement.
1517. Brezin E., Gervais J.L.
Advanced Study Institute,
vol.49. pp.91-272.
Proc. of Les Houches Winter
March,1978. Phys.Rep.,1979,

THEORY
1518. Broderick J.J., Ficenec J.R., Teplitz D.C., Teplitz V.L.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.19, No 4, pp.1046-1050.
OBSERVATIONAL LIMITS ON THE MAGNETIC-MONOPOLE
STRUCTURE OF PROTONS
The authors report the results of a search for absorp-
tion of 42-cm radiation in neutral galactic hydrogen. One
explanation of a positive result would be the existence of
a type of anomalous proton whose magnetic moment arises
from a distribution of magnetic charge rather than from a
distribution of circulating currents. No absorption 42-cm
radiation was seen, this implies an upper limit of 2.3 x 10-
4
for the abundance of this type of anomalous proton relative
to protons which radiate at 21 cm. The observed absence of
anomalous protons also implies an absence of primordial
anomalous protons since they could not have been swept up
by heavier elements during cosmic nucleosynthesis. The
observation is sensitive only to anomalous protons with
exactly the same value for their magnetic moment that con-
ventional ones have.
1519. Bruce D.J.
257.
I
Nucl.Phys.,1979, vol.B142, No J, pp.253-
BACKLUND' TRANSFORMATIONS AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The author shows that a recent solution of an SU(2)
gauge theory ( see Lohe, ibid., vol.B142, p.236,1978)
claimed to be a J-monopole solution, is in fact an infinite-
I
energy solution.
1520. Brydges D., Froehlich J.,Seiler E.
vol.B152, No J-4,pp.521-5J2.
Nucl.Phys.,1979,
1
" .
DIAlv1AG1'ETIC AND CRITICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGGS
LATTICE GAUGE THEORIES
81'Hi Q!'!.'fliaal. pl"opel"ties of non-Abelian
and Abelian lattice Higgs models are discussed:matter
fields always behave diamagnetically under coupling to
gauge fields.For some Abelian models, the photon-photon
interaction is found to be attractive , a Higgs mechanism
is exhibited, and in two dimensions fractionally charged
quarks are permanently confined. In three dimensions there
is a Higgs -QED phase transition, with confinement in the
QED phase. It is argued that a similar transition occurs in
four dimensions, with liberated magnetic monopoles in QED
phase, but electric monopoles,"quarks", are never confined.
Conjuctures concerning confinement in non-Abelian models
are described.
1521. Bunjatov S.A. Fiz. Elell1.Chastitz and AtOlnn.Yadra (RuSS.)
1979, vol.10, part J, pp.657-692.
SEARCH FOR NEW PARTICLES AND ANTINUCLEI
(In Russian)
The present review devoted to th"e search experiments
which were implemented by staff members of JINR(Dubna)
and participants-countries in the Inst. of High Energy
Physics(.Serpukhov) during last ten years.
,
The first part of the review is concerned in the searcr
relative long loved particles with the lifetime 10-
8
-
10-
12
sec. and stable antinuclei. These experiments are
completed already.
The second part of review is devoted to experiments
on the searching for new particles and nuclei with the life-
time 10-
12
_10-
14
sec. These experiments are in prog-
ress basically, so this part of review some completed
steps of the implemented investigations will be discussed.
1522. Carmeli M.
)12.
Fortschr.Phys.,1979, vol.27, No 6, pp.261-
EINSTEIN-r.'lAXWELL EQUATIONS GAUGE FORMULATION
AND SOLUTIONS FOR RADIATING BODIES
The subject of the SL(2,O, gauge theory or gravitation
is reviewed. A ditailed discussion is given on the differen-
tial geometry and the fibre bundle structure of such a theory.
The coupling of Maxwell's field equations to those of gravita-
tion is also given. The field equations obtained, which are
shown to be equivalent to the coupled Einstein-Maxwell's
equations, are subsequently solved. The solutions soueht
after are radiating type ones of the kind of the Kerr metric,
but with the mass of the body being variable and is a func-
tion of the retarded A generalization of the Kerr met-
ric is presented and its energy-momentum tensor is analyzed
in detail. The classification of the field obtained according
to the Petrovscheme is also given.
152). Cheng Kuo-Shung
551.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D18, No 2, pp.549-
CLASSICAL LAGRANGIAN THEORY WITH RADIATIVE
REACTION: ee TENSOR OF THE ROHRLICH TWO-
FIELD FORMALISM TO INCLUDE MONOPOLES
The author gives an acti on integral L ( X , X ,A ,
a Ill). stabi Ii ty of L against the variati ons dAv.. (1) 1
t d));v., (Q) . and (T) gives the coupled Maxwell
.equations and the Lorentz-Dirac equation for the position
and monopole.
1524. Chischolm J.S.R., Farwell R.S.
1979.
Canterbury Univ.,preprint,
A GAUGE FIELD THEORY OF ELECTRONS AND MONOPOLES
1525. Chischolm J.S.R.,Forwell R.S. Froc.Mathematical ProbleQs
in Theoretical Physics,Lausanne,1979, pp.)05-)07.
SPIN GAUGE THEORY OF ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC SPINORS
1526. Cho Y.M.
79,1979.
Muenchen MPI PhyS.Astophys.,MPI-PAE-PTH-5-
A GAUGE THEORY OF THE NON-ABELIAN MAGNETIC
ClHARGlilS
1527. Cho Y.M. Muenchen MPI Phys.Astrophys.,MPI-PAE-PTH-
11-79,1979.
MAGNETIC CONFINEMENT OF THE QUAl"tKS
1528. Cho Y. M.
5-79,1979.
Muenchen MPI Phys.Astrophys., MPI-PAE-PTH-
A RESTRICTED GAUGE THEORY
1529. Comtet A. Institut de Physique Nucleaire, IPNO-TH
79-64, Orsey,1979.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE IN CURVED SPACETIMES
1530. Cope F.W.'
pp.541-545.
Physiol.Chem.,& Phys.,1979, vol.10, No 6,
MAN IN A GAS OF TACHYON MAGNETOELECTRIC
DIPOLES- A NEW HYPOTHESIS. II INTRODUCTION
TO THE THEORY
For part I see ibid,1978, vol.10, No 6, pp.536.
Some biocosmic observations are shown
probably to be reliable. It is pointed out that there is
no reason to distinct results of experiments which use man
as a detector provided appropriate precautions of design
and conduct of the experiments were taken. In the theory
developed in the third paper in this series to explain the
biocosmic phenomena summarized in the first paper, mostly
classical electromagnetic concepts are used. However, a few
concepts from advanced theoretical phySics are also used;
namely, tachyons, magnetic monopoles, and magnetic dipoles.
I
1531. Christ N., Jackiw R. Columbia Univ., Dept., of Phys.,
CU-TP-168, New York,1979.
/'
EQUALITY OF CHARGE A1il PONTRYAGIN
INDEX FOR YANG-MILLS DYONS
A description of Ynag-Mills dyons is given solely on
terms of Ynag-M:ills fields. For an SU(2) gauge group the
magnetic pole strength is shovm to coincide with the Pontrya-
gin index of the dyon configuration, treated as periodic
in time and hence defined on S1 R3.
1532. Daniel M., Lazarides G., Shafi Q. European Org. for
Nuclear Research, CERN-TH-2800, Geneva,1979.
SU (S) MONOPOLES ,MAGNETIC SYMl'I'lETRY AND CONFIliJEMENT
The monopoles of the unified SUeS) gauge theory broken
down to H
F
=SU(3)c E U(1)EM or to K
E
=SU(3)c SU(2)
E U(1)yJ1 are classified. They belong to representations
of a magnetic,group HI\1(K
M
) which is formed to be isomorphic
to HE(K
E
). For SUeS) broken down to HE' there exists a re-
gular and stable monopole which is a colour magnetic triplet:
and carries a non-zero Abelian magnetic charge. It is sug-
gested that composite operators made out of this monopole
and its antimonopole fields develop a non-zero vacuum expec-
tation value, and so lead to a squeezing of the colour elec-
tric flux. Finally, we comment on the cosmological produc-
tion of SUeS) monopoles.
1533. Davies P.C.W. Nature,1979, vol.277, No S693, p.174.
PRIMAEVAL MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
1534. Das A. J.Math.Phys.,1979, vol.20, No 4, pp.740-743.
ON THE STATIC FIELD EQUATIONS
The static Einstein- Maxwell field equations are
investigated in the presence of both electirc and magnetic
fields. The sources or bodies are assumed to be of finite
! I '
- '.1 "'\_
size and not affect the connectivity of the associated space
Furthermore, electromagnetic and metric fields are assumed
to have reasonable differentiabilities. It is then proved'
that the electric and magnetic field vectors are constant
mult1plets of one another. Moreover, the static B1nstein-
Maxwell equations reduce to the static magnetorac case. If
furthermore, the variational derivation of the Einstein-
Maxwell equations is assumed, then both the total electric
and magnetic charge of each body must vanish.Asa physical
consequence it is pointed out that if a suspended magnet
'be electrically charged then it must experience a purely
general relativistic torque.
1535. Deans W.S. Durham Univ.,preprint,1979,
STRINGS IN GAUGE THEORIES II.
1536. Deans W.S. Durham Univ., preprint,1979.
STRINGS IN GAUGE THEORIES; THE IMPORTANCE
OF M G ~ ~ T I C CHARGE
1537. Dietz K., Fil;c T. Bonn Uni,v., Fysikalisches Inst., BOlli"N-
HE-79-11, Bonn, Germany,1979.
CRITICAL HIGGS MASS FOR THE (2+1)-DIMENSIONAL
GEORGI-GLASHOW MODEL
The ground state of a (2+1)-dimensional Georgi-Glashow
model is discussed in a dilute monopole gas approximation.
In addition to the Coulomb interaction of the latter, we
include a Higgs force which is attractive irrespective of
the sign of monopole Charges. For Higgs maSses KA comparable
to the mean free distance of monopoles we find a phase tran-
Sition which is presumably of first Order. Strings of mono-
poles dominate the clustering behaviour near the critical
point.
~ (. t:
.. '
1538. Dokos G.P Tomaras T.N. Lyman Laboratory of Physics,
Harward Univ., HUTP-19/A011, Cambridge,1919.
MONOPOLES AlTD DYONS IN THE SU(5) MODEL
sphel'ieal1y eymme'Ur1c monepo1ee and dyons 01' the
SU(5) model of ground unification ( vnthout quarks ar.d lep-
tons) are discussed. It is shovm that such monopoles and
dyons Can exist only in the sectors correspond.ing to maenetic
charges 1/e, J/2e and 2/e, where e is the
charge of the positron. We investigate in detail the proper-
ties of the dyons with the smallest possible magnetic charge
( m =1/2e ).
By semiclassical reasoning we show that
the magnetic charge, the properties of dyons are desc-
ribed by two quantum numbers nand h. The dyons come in
families, denoted by n. =0,1,2, , with electric charge
= n(- 4/J e), baryon minus lepton number = n(-2/J) and
the Q-th member of the n-th family ( k= 0,1,2, ,) trans-
forms according to the ( TI+k,k) for n 0 or the (k, inl+ k)
for n 0 representation of SU(J)c. We argue that-all the
members of a given family are degenerate at the level we are
working. This degeneracy is expected to be lifted in the
full quantum theory, in which case each family collapses to
one stable dyon, characterized by one integer n and whose
quantum numbers are: it has electric charge = n(-4/J) and
baryon number .minus lepton number = n(-2/J), and it trans-
forms under SU(J) like the symmetric combination of n Je,
c _
for V\,. 0, or I n\ 3 \ ?, for n < O. Investigating pro-
cesses involving monopoles and dyons are discussed; we show,
for example, that the presence of a dyon strongly enhances
,
baryon violating processes.Finally, a less detailed discus-
sion of poles with the other possible magnetic charges is
included.
1539. Doria F.A.
1465.
J.Math.Phys.,1919, vol.20, No 4, pp.1464-
NONCONTINUOUS GAUGE POTENTIALS WITHOUT IiIAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
We give examples for Abelian and non-Abelian gauge
fields without Dirac-like monopoles and with essentially
discontinuous potentials.
1540. Dowell J.D.
In:QUARKS,GLUONS AND JETS, Froc.Les Arcs,
1979, vol.I,pp.655-682, Dreux,1979.
PROTON ANTIPROTON COLLISIONS AT THE CERN SPS
1541. Duan-ishi Gue -Molin
1081.
Sci.Sinica,1979, No 11,pp.1072-
SU(2) GAUGE THEORY AND THE "N" ELECTRODYNAMICS
OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
1542. Englert F., W1ndey P.
pp.173-179.
,
Phys.Reports, 1979, vol.49, No 2,
DYNAMICAL AND TOPOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS ON QUA..'t1.K
C 011FINEMENT
Non-Abe+ian magnetic superconductivity provides a
realization of the topological algebra of It Hooft which
does confine quarks; Its dynamical and topological aspects
are discussed and the related phenomenological theory of
quark is sketched.
1543. Ezawa Z.F.
316.
Phys.Lett.,1979, vol.B86, No 3-4, pp.313-
ELECTRIC QUARK COJITFINEMENT IN 3+1 DDvffiNSIONS
It is demonstrated that the SU(N) Georgi-Glashow model
contains at least two phases while in the weak coupling re-
gime there a+ise. a photon and a magnetiC monopole among
physical particles, in strong coupling regime the photon
acquires a dynamical mass and the vacuum becomes a condense
phase of Wu-Yang monopoles. It is then shown that the.stron
coupling regime quarks are confined permanently by quar.tize
1544.
1545.
1546.
1547.
1548.
electric flux stretched among them. These electric vortices
are argued to, be characterized by the center of magnetic
gauge group SU(N).
Ezawa Z.F. Muenchen MPI Phys.Astrophys.,MPI-PAE-PTH

ELECTRIC QUARK CONFINEMENT IN 2 + 1 DIMENSIONS
Ezawa Z.F.
328.
Phys. Lett.,1979, vol.B81, No 3-4,pp.325-
QUANTUM SOLITON OPERATORS FOR MONOPOLES AND
FERMI-IONIZATION MECHANISM OF DYONS
A second quantized theory of 't Hooft-Polyakov monopolE
is presented. The formalism is canonical in that a standard
technique is used to generate soli ton vectors together wi tl
quantum soliton operators. Field operators are also definec
for dyons which are made up of monopoles and isodoublet bo-
sons. They are shown to obey anti-commutation relations.
Ezawa Z.F. Muenchen MPI, Phys.Astrophys., MPI-PAE-PTH
14-79, Muenchen,1979
. ELECTRIC-MAGNETIC DUALITY AND QUARK CONFlNE1VIENT
Ezawa Z.F. Muenchen Phys.Astrophys.,MPI-PAE-PTH
40-79, Muenchen,1979.
TOPOLOGICAL EXCITATIONS AND QUARK CONFINEMENT
Palik D., R.
2694-2697.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D18, No 7,
POSSIBLE EXISTENCB OF FRACTIONAL OHARGES AND
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN MATTER
A model is suggested which explains the discovery of
fractional electric charges in spite of the former failures
to find quarks and quark-confinement theories, the model
does not need many new assumptions about the fractionally
heeerdina menelt the
charged particles came from the decomposition of naturally
occurring bound pairs of appositely charged magnetic mono-
poles. Such bound pairs were suggested by the authors in
a recent article in this journal ( vol.17, p.92),1978) to
explain other phenomena.
1549. Farhoosh H., Zimmermann R.L. J.Math.Phys.,1979, vol.20,
No 11,pp.2272-2279.
STATIONARY CHARGED C-METRIC
The physical properties of the stationary charged
C-metric are fully investigated. Tetrad components of
curvature and maxwell tensors are studied in a Bondi-Sachs
coordinate system. to show that this solution represents
a uniformly accelerating and rotating charged particle with
magnetic monopole and NUT parameter. The physical quantities
-news function, mass lossdefini ti ons are compared and it
is shown that. the definition given by Bondi is the ffiore
appropriate one. It is also shown that the magnetic monopole
in the presence of rotation affects the electric charge.
1550. Felsager B., Leinaas J.M. Nordisk Inst. for Theoretical
Atomfysik, NORDITA-79-)5, Copenhagen, Denmark,1979.
GEOMETRIC INTERPRETATION OF MAGNETIC FIELDS
AND THE MOTION OF CHARGED PARTICLES
A geometric representation of magnetic fields in terms
of plane bundles in R3 is examined, and for two examples,
the magnetic flux string and the monopole, it is shovm how
the field configurations can be related. to the geometry of
cones and spheres. Using the vector of the planes as
dynamical variable we treat the structure of the magnetic
field in a way similar to that of an ordered medium. We
, ,
especially compare it with the structure of the O()) nor:-
linear Finally a geometric interpretation of
electric charge is by associating with charged
particles a rotating body-fixed frame which is constrained
to rotate around the normal vector of the planes. The elose
connection the Kaluza -Klein model is discussed.
1551. Filk T. Thesis, Bonn Univ., BONN-IR-79-20, Bonn,1979.
PHASE TRANSITIO?T IN 1ImWPOLE GAS
1552. Flyvbjerg H. Niels Bohr Inst., Copenhagen Univ. ,1979,
NBI-1ffi-79-33, Copenhagen,1979.
TWO NE",'[ FAMILIES OF SOLITONS OF AN
I11f.ERENT QUANTUM NA TURE
Two new families of solitons in three-dimensional
space are presented. The solitons are non-classical, of an
inherent quantum nature in the sense that they occur in the
quantized version of theories which at the classical level
allow for no solitons. The solitons in question are a fa-
mily of magnetic vortex lines in the Coleman-weinberg model,
quantum to the classical Nielsen-Olsen vortex
lines, and a family consisting of a magnetic monopole and
dyons in a massless, scalar, SU(2) gauge theory. The latter
solitons are quantum relatives to the classical 't Hooft-
Polyakov and Julia-Zee dyons.
1553. Franca H.M. I:;.stituto de Fisica Universidade de Sao Paulo,
IFUSP/P-195, Sao Paulo, Brasil,1979.
CHARGE, MAGNETIZATION AND HADRONIC MATTER
DENSITIES INSIDE THE PROTON
We present a scheme by means of which one can infer
the charge and magnetization structure of any quantum sys-
tem from its electromagnetic form factors. For spin 1/2
and spin 0 particles the new results obtained lead
us to a correct non-relativistic . limit as'well as to a
J
consistent description of the mean charge radii. Our ana-
lysis of the existing data on elastic scat-
tering suggest that the charge density should be more con-
centrated then .the magnetization density within the proton.
The ha<1.ronic matter dens1 ty or protofl 1s detained from the
experimental data on PP elastic collisions at 'high enerGY,
by assuming the Chon-Yang model. It is found that as the
energy increases the hadronic matter becomes more similar
to the magnetization then to the charge density inside the
proton. The same seems to be true for the neutron.
1554. Frank I. M. Yad.Fiz.,1979, vol.29, No 1, pp.180-187.
TRANSITIONAL RADIATION FOR WlAGNETIC CHARGE
Theoretical investigation of the transitional radia-
tion of a magnetic charge is fulfilled in analogy with the
radiation of an electric charge. Formulae for the spectral
intensity and the polarization are obtained and analysed
for two cases: normal and sloping fallon the interface of
two media.
1555. Frampton P.H., Tyburski L.
vol.25, No 1, pp.1)-16.
Lett.Nuovo Cim.,1979,
SLACE INVARIANCE AND SOLITONS
1556. Friedman J.L.,Sorkin R.D.
pp.2511-2525.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.20, No
DYON SPIN AND STATISTICS: A THEORY
OF INTERACTING MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC CHARGES
The quantum mechanics of a system of non-relativistic
electrically and magnetically charged particles is formula-
ted by introducing as the classical configuration space a
,
qertain U(1), bundle over the set of:physical particle conf]
gur-ation.In thi way ofta obtain a.wall-defined and Bingle
valued classical action; and in the corresponding quantum
..
theory, the origin of half-integral spin 'and of asymptotic

. "
- {. "".-
1557. Gambini R., S.
pp.276-288.
Nuovo Cim.,1979, No 2,
NULL-PLANE ANALYSIS OF ELECTROMAGNETISM
WITH MAQNl!lTIO OlIAItOl!lO
A reduced non-constrained Lagrangian of electromagnetism
including monopoles is presented. The Lagrangian depends
on two degrees of freedom and is invariant under dual
tions. The Cabibbo-Ferrari formulation is studied in the
frame. We prove that the Lagrangian formu-
lation of the Cabibbo-Ferrari theory has four degrees of
freedom.Nevertheless, the physical observables depend or.
only two linear combinations of the four degrees of freed..ora.
The mixing-gauge transformations may be clearly understood
by writing them in terms of two arbitrary scalar
of the massless Klein-Gordon equations.
1558. Giacomelli Jacob M.
pp.1-132.
Phys.Rep.,1919, vol.55, No 1,
PHYSICS AT THE CERN-ISR
This paper review physics at the CERN-ISR and present
highlights of hadron physics in the 250-2000 GeV range at
.
this unique facility. Beginning with a general presenta-
tion .of the machine and of the physics prograrnme(section 1-:
there follows a discussion of each main physics topic:total
cross-section elastic and diffractive scattering, short-
range order,large transverse momentum phenomena, lepton pair
production and particle searches (section 4-12).Important
technical developments at the ISR are only briefly reviewed
(section 13). The last section (14) discusses future pros-
pects as may be up to 1982 with, in particu-
lar, storage of both protons and antiprotons.
1559. Gilman F.J. Proc.International Symposium on Perspective
and Future Projects in High Energy Physics,Tsukuba,1919.
1560. Gopala Rao A.V.
361-3.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D19, No 12, pp.3604-
SOME PROPERTIES OF DUALITY-ROTATED MAXWELL
Fl]ij:tlPS
Duality rotations of Maxwell fields residing in curved
space-time are studied in the presence of source, and it is
shown that a general duality rotation transforms the conserv
magnetic-charge-free four current of a Maxwell field into
a new four-current which is neither conserved nor is free of
magnetic charges. The necessary and sufficient condition
for two Maxwell fields, in the presence of source four-cur-
rents which are both conserved and are free of magnetic
charges, to go into each other under a duality rotation is
obtained. As duality rotations preserve the electromagnetic
energy tensor E
ab
, this leads to conditions under which a
given E
ab
, and hence a given metric solution of the Einstein
equations for a continuous system having Eab as a part of it
may possess a multiple(or in particular, a dual) interpreta-
tion in terms of the electromagnetic field. In the case of
non-null electromagnetic fields with vanishing Lorentz force
it is sho\m that a direct computation involving the given
Maxwell field yield the required duality rotation provided
it exists. A number of examples of duality connected field
pairs, some existing in vacuum and some others inside matter
are discussed to illustrate the theory developed.
1561. Greensite J.P.
496.
Nucl.Phys.,1979, vol.B158, No 2-3,pp.469-
CALCULATION OF THE YANG-MILLS V A C U U ~ WAVE
FUNCTIONAL
Working in the schrodinger representation and
gauge, an approximate Yang-Mills ground-state wave func-
tional ItJ LAl is constructed in the following way: we begin
the constructing the vacuum wave functionallj.f:.[A.J at
an Abelian gauge-field with global SU(2) symmetry, and then
modify and generalize 'lH, rA] so that it becomes invariant
under local SU(2) gauge transformations. This ansatz leads to
a solution of the Schrodinger equation H lt
l
[AJ= f ."4J[A] for
the Yang-Mills vacuum, which, although approximate, may
correctly describe its confinement properties_
Given ~ [ ] it is argued that the vacuum expectation
values of the Wilson loop integral A(C) and of 't Hooft's
flux-tube operator B(C) satisfy the Wilson-'t Hooft crite-
ria <A(C) 'V e-area(c)} <B (C)"", e -perimeter(c), for
the confinement phase of gauge field_ The confinement mecha-
nism is essentially identical to the one discovered by
Polyakov in 3-dimensional QED_The reason for the similarity
is that there is an "analog-gas" approximation to fixed-time
vacuum expectation values <y/Oj41'> : the analog gas in
this case is a plasma of smoothed Wu-Yang monopoles.
1562. Greensite J.P. Calif.Univ.,UCSC-79-125, Santa Cruz,1979.
CALCULATION OF THE YANG-MILLS VACUUM WAVE
FUNCTIONAL
1563. Guth A.H., Tye S.H.H. Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
SLAC-PPB-2448, Stanford,1979_
PHASE TRANSITION AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLE PRODUCTION
IN THE VERY EARLY UNIVERSE
In a ground unified models, the abundance of super-
heavy magnetic monopoles in the universe can be suppressed
of (1) the phase tTansition which creates the monopoles
occurs after much supercooling; and (2) immediately after
the phase transition, the effective monopole mass is large
compared to the temperature. These requirements improve
constraints on the history of the early universe_ The Georgi
Glashow SU
5
group probably breaks to SU
4
x U
1
before it
reaches SU
3
x SU
2
x U
1

1563. Hirata K.
338.
Phys.Lett.,1979, vol.B8J, No J-4, pp.JJ5-
DISTANCE THEORY OF ELECTRO-
DYNAMICS Wl'l'H I)lRAO'Q MONOPOLmn
A classical action-at-a-distance theory of a charce-
monopole is constructed by use of strings but with-
out recourse to Dirac's veto. An action, of mo-
tion and conserved angular-momenta are explicit -
ly given do not depend on the string.
1564. Hirata K.
1979.
Inst.of Phys.,Univ.Tsukubo, UTHEP-45,Ibaraki,
ACTION-J..T-A-DISTANCE THEORY OF ELECTRODYNAMICS
WITH DIRAC'S MONOPOLES
1565. Hirata K.
ki,1979.
Inst.of Phys., Univ.Tsukuba, UTHEP-54, Ibara-
DIRAC'S MONOPOLES AND ACTION-AT-A-DISTANCE TrtEORY:
CLASSICAL DYNAMICS
1566. Hirata K. Phys.Lett.,1979, vol.B81, No 2, pp.169-172.
LAGRANGIAN THEORY OF DIRAC'S
MONOPOLE: AVOIDING DIRAC'S VETO
Redefinition of Dirac's action for a charge-monopole
system as a certain limit of Wu-Yang's action solves
Dirac's veto problem. The string variable )l' (Y, (J) plays
an essential role in the variation principle.
1567. Ho Bo-Yu, Kexue Tongbao(China),1979, vol.24, No 1,pp.16-
18.
NAGULAR MOMENTUM OPERATOR OF NON-ABELIAN GUAGE
FIELD MONOPOLE,
1568. 't Hooft G.
160.
Nucl.Phys.,1979, vol.B153, No 1-2, pp.141-
A PROPERTY OF ELECTRIC AND IVIAGNETIC FLUX IN
GAUGE
Pure non-Abelian gauge models with gauge groups suO;)
are considered in a box with periodic boundary conditions
at various temperatures; KA. Electric and magnetic flux
are defined in a gauge-invariant way. The free energy of th
system satisfies an exact duality equation, following from
Euclidean invariance. The equation relates properties of
the electric and the magnetic fields. Concludions that can
be dra\vn for instance are that for N 3 one cannot have
both electric and magnetic confinement, and that the infared
structure of the Georgi-Glashow model is self-dual.
1569. Hoffmann H., Kantardjian Liberto, Meddi F.,Romano G.
Rosa G. Lett.Nuovo Cim.,197& vol.23, ser.2,No 10,pp.357
360.
A NEW SEARCH FOR NT.AGNETIC MONOPOLES AT THE CERN-
ISR WITH PLASTIC DETECTORS
The aim of the present experiment carried out with
solid state track detectors and a longitudinal magnetic
field, is that of decreasing by one to two orders of magni-
tude the limit on the production cross-section of poles
with masses in the range of 20 to 30 The present search
'aims to detect monopoles immediately after their production
by making use of the expected high value of their ionization
energy loss(due to the magnetic charge) to differentiate
them from any possible background source.
1570. Horvath Z.,palla L. Nucl.Phys.,1979, vol.B142, No 3,
pp.327-343.
SPONTA1TEOUS COMPACTIFICATION AND "MONOPOLESIt
;IN HIGImR DIMBNSlbim
Using the Wu-Yang global gauge description the minimal
gauge group is found which compactifies the extra even D
dimensions into a sphere, namely SO(2N).These gauge theory
solutions are associated with non-vanishing topological
charges. An SO(2N) gauge theory solution is obtained in
D=2N + 1 dimensions which describes a generalized singular
magnetic monopole which conforms to VAt'lG "ti;f;':1.u.1. Han.
1571. Honda M.
1260.
Progr.Theor.Phys.,1979, vol.61, No 4,pp.1255-
FIBER BUNDLE ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL. FEATURE OF
GAUGE FIELD THEORY
The global feature of the gauge field theory is
discussed in the context of the fiber bundle. EspeCially
introducing a theorem on the fiber bundle, the author stu-
dies the relation between the 't Hooft monopole and tGe
Dirac monopole.
1572. Honda M. Sendai Tohoku Univ.,TU-79-195,1979.
FIBER BUNDLE STRUCTURE OF GAUGE FIELD AND
REDUCTION BY THE HIGGS 1ffiCHANISM
1573. Hou Bo-Yu,Hou-Bo-Yuan
pp.255-265.
Fort.Phys.Nucl.,1979,vol.3,
STATICAL SPHEROSYMl\ffiTRICAL SOURCELESS SOLUTION OF
SU(2) GAUGE FIELD- THE
THE SELFINDUCED CHARGE CURRENT (In Chinese)
..
1574. Houston P., O'Raifeartaigh L. Dublin Inst. Adv.Studies,
DIAS-TP-79-35,Dublin,1979.
ON MONOPOLES WITH AXIAL AND MIRROR SYMMETRY
(Talk)
, '
I
1575. Hsien Ting-Chang, Kuo Shud-Hung, Lee Hwa-Chung.
Scientia Sinica,1979, vol.22,pp.149-167.
ON THE PROBLEM OF DUAL CHARGE (MAGNETIC MONOPOLE)
IN NON-ABELIAN GAUGE GROUPS
.1576. Huerta R., Parker B. Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D19, No 10,
J'1' ...
PARTICLE, SOLUTIONS IN A UNIFIED FIELD THEORY
A numerical solution is obtained for the static elect-
ric spherically symmetric field in Bonnor's unified field
theory. This solution can be interpreted as a distributed
particle with a finite slef-energy.Important constants of
the theory K and Pare avaluated by assuming the particle
carries the electron's charge and mass.
1577. Hughes R.J.
76.
Nucl.Phys. ,1979, vol.B159, No 1-2,pp.67-
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN THE PRESENCE OF QUARK
SOURCES
Physically static solutions of classical Yang-Mills
theory with static external sources are examined.It is
found that the system may contain magnetic monopoles of
topological origin under certain conditions.Construction
of new solutions of this type is shown to be particularly
easy in temporal gauge.Equivalence with the system recently
introduced by Kalb is demonstrated explicitly.
1578. Hughes R.J. OXford univ.,20-79,1979.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE IN THE PRESENCE OF QUARK
SOURCES
1579. Ichiyanagi M.
pp.755-762.
J.Phys.Soc.Jap., (Japan),1979, vol.47,
AND ANALOgy
MONOPOLE
Taking the depletion effect into consideration in
terms of the depletion velocity superfluid flow in an
annulus is disccused. It is shown that in annular regions
superfluid flow is the gauge-invariant manifestation of a
non-integral phase factor. The is defined in
terms of the depletion velooity which is essentially
tional. Arguments akin to Dirac's theory of magnetic mono-
pole are used to obtain quantum mechanical vortex lines
which have their ends in fluid.
1580. Jang Pong Soo, Soo Yang park, Wali K.C.
vol.18, No 2, pp.542-548.
Phys.Rev. ,1979,
INTERACTIONS BETvVEEN 'T HOOFT-POLYAKOV MONOPOLES
The authors use the stress-enerey tensor and the asso-
ciated energy-momentum conservation to study the interac-
tions between two widely separated monopoles ( or monopole
and antimonopole). By defining a set of minimal
to represent the above systems, the authors show how the
problem reduced mathematically to a known electrostatic prob-
lem. The force between the monopoles ( or monopole and anti-
monopole) is then, to the leading order the expected repul-
sive ( attractive) Coulomb force. The authors also discuss
how the Prasad-Sommerfield limit alters the problem, leading
to twige the Coulomb force between a monopole and antimono-
pole and zero-force between two monopoles.
1581. Kalb M. Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D18, No 8, pp.2909-291J.
TI1lli-INDEPENDENT YANG-MILLS STATICS
The author investigates classical Yang-Mills theory
with sources in the'limit of no time dependence and finds
a class of "Abelian" solutions with nonvanishing magnetic
field, even without spatial source-current density.The field
is due to nontrivial point magnetic monopoles of topolo -
gical origin.
1582. Kalb M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology,MIT CTI'-
778,Cambridge,1979.
A NOVEL HIERARCHIAL STRUCTURE FOR GAUGE FIELDS
1583. Kerner R. Phys.Lett.,1979, vol.B81, No 1,pp.21-24.
THE EXCITED STATES OF THE PRASAD-Sm/il'.1ERFIELD
SOLITON AND ITS SU(J) GENERALIZATION
The author investigates the asymptoric behaviour of
the SU(J) magnetic monopole proposed by Sinha(197G) at
f.-p 0 and r- OQ. He gets a series of asymptotic solu-
tions at ... -- 00 which can be identified as radial exci ta-
tions of the monopole. Then, by matching the asymptotic
solutions in ,between athe first maximum of the
describir.g the excited state, he gets the global approxi-
mate solutions. The energy levels are obtained by feeding
these solutions into the energy integral.
1584. Kerner R. Proc. Group Theor. Methods in Physics,Austin.
1978. Berlin,1979, pp.29-JO.
THE EXCITED STATES OF THE PRASAD-SOMl'.ffiRFIELD
SOLITON AND ITS SU(J)-GENERALIZATION
1585. Kerner R. Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.19, No
ENERGY LEVELS OF THE MAGNETIC MONOPOLE IN
THE PRASAD-SOIVIMERFIELD LIMIT
By analyzing the asymptotic behaviour of the 't
magnetic monopole in the Prasad-Sommerfield limit it is
seen that there is no uniqueness of the finite-energy
solution due to one degree of freedom recorded. Moreover,
this degree of freedom should be quantized in order to get
a finite-energy solution. Having at one's dispolsal the
asymptotic form of solutions at r" _ 0 and r- V'O ,the
author matches them up at some finite value r =a in a CO-
class may, then inserts the result in the energy integral
and finds the minimum with respect to the parameter a. Thus
he finds the appropriate energy levels of the monopole in
the Prasad-Sommerfield limit.
1586. Krolikowski W.
337.
Phys.Lett.,1979, vol.B85, No 4, pp.33)-
CAN NEUTRJNOS BE BOUND STATES OF MASSIVE

A new relativistic two-body equation is conjectureci
for a system of one Dirac an.d one Klein-Gordon particle.
It is exactly solved for a massive supersymmetric pair
interacting through a Coulombic potential. Then, for the
critical coupling constant 2 it leads to a massless
stable bound state with spin 1/2.
1587. Kuz'michev V.E., Kharchenko V.F.
1979, vol.31, ,No 1, pp.328-337.
Theor. and Math.Phys .. ,
INTEGRAL EQUATIONS FOR THREE PARTICLES IN THE
BOUNDAItY CONDITION MODEL
Faddeev's equations for three-particles in a model
with two- particle boundary conditions are reformulated
so as to eliminate the singularities of the model and
are reduced to a system of one-dimensional integral equa-
tions whose kernel is in its turn determined by a different
independent system of one-dimensional integral equations.
The. wave function of three particles- with two-particle
interaction in a finite number of partial-wave states is
determined uniquely by the equations found here.
I
1588. Kyriakopoulos E.
pp.23-52.
Nuovo Cim.,1979. vol. A52, No 1,
EXACT DYON SOLUTION IN SU(3) GAUGE THEORY
1589. Kyria/kopoulos E.
1979.
Athens Techp.Univ.preprint,Athens,
EXACT DYON SOLUTION IN SU(3) GAUGE THEORY
Two exact finite-energy monopole and dyon solutions
are found in an SU3 gauge theory broken down in the case
of one solution U
1
x U
1
and in the case of the order to
U
2
via Higgs scalar fields. One of them is an embedding
of OJ into SU) but the other is a genuine irreducible SU
J
Do1"tton. nQth
1590. Leznov A.N., Saveliev M.V.
Lett.Math.PhYs.,1979, vol.J,
No 3; pp.207-211.
EXACT MO:;OPOLE SOLUTIONS IN GAUGE THEORIES FOR AN
. ARBITRARY SEMI-SIIftPLE COMPACT GROUP
The authors construct an exact n -parametric mor.opole
and dyon for an arbitrary cOQpact gauge group G
of rank n by using the symmetry between cylindrically
symmetric instanton equations in Euclidean space R4 and
monopole equations in Minkowski space R
J
,1 (with Higgs
scalar field in adjoint representation). The solutions are
spherically symmetric with respect to the total momentum
operator - ir x curl + T, where T represents the minimal
embedding of SU(2) in G. Explicit expressions for the mono-
pole magnetic charge and mass matrices are obtained. The
remarkable aspect of these results is the existence of
discrete series of the monopole solutions, which are labelle,
by n "quantum" numbers and degenerated in the latter ones
at a field monopole mass matrix.
1591. Lohe M.A. Nucl.Phys.,1979, vol.B142, No 3, pp.236-252.
MAGNETIC AND BACKLUND TRANSFORMATIONS
Backlund transformations are displayed for the equa-
tions which desoribe SU(2) magnetic monopoles in the limit
of a vanishing potential. With these transformations a real
exact solution describing a three-monopole system,
cylindrical is obtained. However, due to gauge-
invariant singularities, the system has infinite energy.
,>
,
1592. Mack G. and Petkova V.B. Inst. fUr Theoretische Phys.,
Univ.Hanburg, DESY 79/22, Hamburg,1979 ..
'.>
Z2 MONOPOLES IN THE STANDARD SU(2) LATTICE
GAUGE THEORY MODEL
The standardSU(2) lattice gauge theory model without
fermions may be considered as a Zxo model with
and tluctuatir.g coupling constants. At low temperatures;
KA(=small bare coupling constant) the monopoles are confined
1593. Makagawa N. Tokyo, 1979.
QUANTUM THEORY OF THE DIRAC FIELD IN THE PRESENCE
OF THE STATIC TOPOLOGICAL MONOPOLE
1594. Mandelstam S.
2409.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.19, No 8, pp.2J91-
CHARGE-MmWPOLE DUALITY AND THE PHASES
OF NON-ABELIAN GAUGE THEORIES
1595. Marchildou L., Everett A.E., Antippa A.F.
1979, vol.B5J, pp.253-28J.
ELECTRODYlrAMICS AND TACHYONS
Nuovo Cim.,
1596. Mc Keon G. Nucl.Phys.,1979, vol.B147, No J-4, pp.299-
J16.
AN EXTENDED VECTOR THEORY
The possibility of coupling two conserved currents of
opposite parity to a single vector field is investigated.
The resulting theory has many, but not all, of the proper-
ties of the Dirac monopole. A brief discussion of the non-
Abelian generalization of the Abelian theory is made.
1597. Mensky M.B.
520.
Lett.Math. Phys.,1979, vol.J, No 6,pp.51J-
APPLICATION OF THE GROUP OF PATHS TO THE GAUGE
OF QUARKS
A desription is presented of a charged particle in
an external ga:lge field wi th the help of a previously
introduced group of paths. This desription exploits the
hy
(ordered expor.ents, holonomy group).Them some novel class
of representations is defined by integration of covariantly
constant The representation from this class con-
nected with the dual form *F for the strength of field F is
shown to describe analogues of test. magnetic and
dyons in the gauge theory. The quarks are supposed to be
gauge dyons, vk ... ose "magnetic" degrees of freedom are con-
nected with a colour.
1598. Miglietta F.,Ricci M.
pp.9J-100.
Nuovo Cim.,1979, vol.A49, No 1,
INFINITE CONSERVATION LAWS FOR THE ELECTROMAGNETIC
AND THE ASYMPTOTIC GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS
We obtain two sets of infinite conservation laws for
both the electromagnetic and the asymptotic gravitational
field. The conservation laws hold for fields generated by
.insular sources embedded into an asymptotically flat-space-
time backgrollna. For the electromagnetic field, the general
structure of the conservation laws related the time variation
of any multiple amplitude of the radial electric field to
the outgoing flux of a corresponding multipole amplitude
of the transverse magnetic field and vice versa. For 1=0
we obtain conservation of the flux of the magnetic induction
and of the electric charge. The conservation laws for the
gravitational field hold in the asymptotic region only and
have a similar structure. A connection to symmetry transfor-
mation is given for the c.m. conservation laws only. One set
of them corresponds to local gauge invariance. A similar
result for the second set of conservation laws requires the
formal introductiop of an c.m. potential, possibly
ceupl@d a magnetic-monopole current.
1599. Mecklenburg W., O'Brien D.P. Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D18,
No 4, pp.1J27-1J28.
TIME-DEPENDENT PROPERTY OF THE PRASAD-SOMl'ftERFIET,D
MONOPOLE
The authors show that the Prasad-Sommerfield solution
for the 't Hooft monopole can be transformed to an exact
time-dependent solution ( which is singular on the light
cone) of the SU(2) Yang-Mills-Higgs system.
1600. Mikhc.ilov V.F. Alma-Ata Inst.High Energy Phys.IFVE-
. )
AN Kazakhsk.SSR, preprint 74-79, Alma-Ata,1979.
GENESIS AND THE PHYSIC-CHEMICAL ASPECT OF THE
I
SEARCH FOR THE RELIC MAGNETIC MONOPOLE(In Russian)
The negative results of experimental search of the
free magnetic monopoles in the nature,its absence way be
explained if to admit that the connected system monopole-
I
heavy nucleus in process of nucleogenesis was formated.
The probability of the formation of the connected system
and the possible concentration of the relict systems at
present is calculated in the framework of the flat Universe
model. The relative concentration of the connected systems
in less than 10-18{Nucleon)-1 id obtained. It is possible
that the magnetic monopoles,the noticeable influence on the
I
forming of the curve of the spread of the chemical elements
in the Universe is exerted.
1601. Minami M. Research Inst. for Math.Sciences,Kyoto Univ.,
RIMS-286 , 1979.
DIRAC'S MONOPOLE AND THE HOPF MAP
1602. Minami M.
1142.
Theor.Phys.,1979, vol.62, No 4, pp.1128-
DIRAC'S MONOPOLE AND THE HOPF MAP
A regular electromagnetic potential is found
v
on a 3-sphere which may be regarded as describing the Dirac
magnetic monopole in the sense that the field thensor de-
rived from AI"(x) gives the monopole strength on .
a Z-sphere when pulled back by the Hopf map: SJ-p S .Relat-
ionship of with the singular potentials is clarified.
To represent the magnetic charge an integral formula over
S3 found by Whitehead is employed, which alternatively de-
composes into consecutive integrals over S2 and U(1).
An SO(3) gauge potential is also constructed from the
viewpoint that the gauge group with At" (x) be
little group U(1) to which SO(3) is spontaneously broken
back by the "Higgs vacuum". The resulting SO(J)-field is the
one on a 3-sphere and proves to be identified with the in-
stanton field at large distances.No dynamical consideration
and so no information near the origin are given, within the
scope of this paper. It is shown nowever that the Whitehead
integral which originally expresses the Hopf invariant as
an integer turns out to be the surface integral which expre-
sses the Pontrjagin index of the instanton.
1603. Moore S.M. Dept. de Univ. deloSAndes, ANDES-
16(p)"Bogata,Colombia,1979.
SOLITONS AND INSTANTONS
1604. Mottola E.' ,Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.19, No 10, pp.3170-3172.
NORMALIZABLE SOLUTIONS TO THE DIRAC EQUATION
'IN THE PRESENCE OF A MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
The zero-energy Dirac equation of a massless isovector
particle in the back-ground field of the 't Hooft-Polyakov
magnetic monopole is shown to have only two normalizable solu-
tions.
1605. Mottola E. Phys.Lett., 1979, vol. B80, p.433. Erratum.
ZERO MODES OF THE 'T HOOFT-POLYAKOV MONOPOLE
1606. Murzin V. S. INTRODUCTION TO COSMIC-RAY PHYSICS,
Atomizdat, Moscow, 1979, pp.90-92.
DIRAC'S MONOPOLE
,
1607. Nahm W.
Phys.Lett.,1979, vol.B79, No 4-5, pp.426-428.
THE INTERACTION ElffiRGY OF 'T HOOFT MONOPOLES
IN THE PRASAD-SOMMERFIELD LIMIT
On the Prasad-Sommerfield limit of vanishing Hiegs
mass the size of It Hooft monopoles increases when they
interact with each other. For monopoles of like charges,
their interaction energy decreases at least with the fourth
power of the distance.
1608. Nahm w. vol.B85, No 4, pp.373-376.
INTERACTING MONOPOLES
The Bogomolny equation for interacting monopoles of
like charge in the case of vanishing Higgs mass is fulfilled
by an asymptotic expansion in powers of the inverse monopole
distance. Consequently, the monopoles exert no long range
forces on each other. However, the expansion not summable.
The degrees of freedom of the multi-monopole system are dis-
cussed.
1609. Nahm W. European Organization for Nuclear Research,
CERN-TH-2796, Geneva,1979.
A SIMPLE FOR THE BPS MONOPOLE
A simple formalism for the BPS monopole is obtained
by generalizing the ADHM construction of mUlti-instantons
to a Hilbert space. Both the potential. itself and the Green'f
functions for/different isospin can be obtained with very
little effort from the instanton formulae.
1610. Nahm W. Dept. of Applied Math. and Theor. Phys. Uni v.
of Cambridge, ,DAMTP 79/1, Cambridge, 1979
INTERACTING MONOPOLES
1611. Nahm W. European organization for Nuclear Research,'
CERN-TH-2642, Geneva,1979.
INTERACTING MONOPOLES
1612. Nakagawa N. Tokyo Univ.,UT-329, Tokyo,1979.
QUANTillvi THEORY OF THE DIRAC FIELD IN THE
PRESENCE OF THE STATIC TOPOLOGICAL MONOPOLE
The quantum field theories are investigated in the
presence of the static 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole.Especial-
ly, a soluble model of the Dirac field around this monopole
is found. There, the 5-dimensional form invariance apperaing
in the Prasad-Sommerfieold limit is generalized to the fer-
mion sector. The propagator of the Dirac field is obtained
with the help of this form invariance. Besides, the propaga-
~
'tors of the fluctuation fields are proved to be replaced by
their resolvents in the Feynman rule. These resolvents are
also obtained.
161). Nakagawa N. Tokyo Univ.,UT-330, Tokyo,1979
.
QUANTUM THEORY OF FIELDS IN THE PRESENCE OF THE
STATIC SOLITONS
The perturbation theoris around the static soliton
solutions are constructed in two models. In the (1+1)-dimensio-
nal Goldstone model, the explicit forms of the propagator
and ot its determinant are obtained around the static link-
solution. There, the non-Gaussion zero-modes are proved
to ~ v ~ PO contrlQYtlQD.TherefQre, the propagator is found
to be replaced by a more convenient function, resolvent. This
formulation is also applied to the (3+1)-dimensional SO(3)
Higgs-Ki bble model, cQupled with Dirac' fi.elds. The 5-dimen-
sional form invariance raised by the Prasad-Sommerfield
limit is generalized to the fermion sector.And the quantum
theory of the Dirac fields around the 't Hooft-Polyakov
monopole is found to be soluble in the presence of this
and the resolvent are obtained
by using the techniques of
1614. Nambu Y. Chicago Univ.,EFI-19-26,Chicago,1979.
QUARK C01TFINEMENT: THE CASES FOR AND AGAINST
(Talk)
1615. Nambu Y. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci.,1979. vol.294, pp.74-79.
MONOPOLE$, STRINGS AND INSTANTONS
1616. Narain K.S.
2565.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D20, No 10, pp.2555-
PATH INTEGRAL QUANTIZATION OF A DIRAC STRING
LAGRANGIAN IN THE AO= 0 GAUGE
. It is shown that path-integral quantization of a
magnetic-monopole string Lagrangian can be carried out in
the AO=O gauge without imposing constraints or fixing the
gauge completely: longitudinal modes and the string variablef
associated with the gauge freedom are not eliminated, but
the quantum fluctuations of these variables are integrated
out in the Feynman path integral, and the electric Coulomb
interaction potential and the charge-monopole interaction
potential are obtained as effective potentials. The const-
raints are imposed on the state vectors. It shown how
to construct such state vectors obeying constraints at all
times by using the path integral.
1611. Narain. K.S. Univ.,SU-4213-135, New York,1979.
PATH INTEGRAL QUANTIZATION OF DIRAC STRING
LAGRANGIAN IN AO=O GAUGE
1618. Neinast R.A.
3799.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.19, No 12,
GAUSSIAN FLUCTUATIONS: 'T HOOFT METHOD
AN
1619. Nielsen H. B., Olesen P., Niels' Bohr Inst., copenhagen
Univ., NBI-HE-79-17, Copenhagen,1979.
A QUANTUM LIQUID MODEL FOR THE QeD VACUUM.
GAUGE AND ROTATIONAL INVARIANCE OF DOMAlNED
AND QUANTIZED HOMOGENEOUS COLOR FIELDS
1620: Nielsen H. B. Olesen P.
pp. 380-396.
Nucl.Phys.,1979, vol.B160, No 2,
A QUANTUM LIQUID MODEL FOR THE QCD VACUUM.
GAUGE AND ROTATIONAL INVARIANCE OF
AND QUANTIZED HOMOGENEOUS COLOR FIELDS
We show that domains are formed in a"homogeneous SU(2)
color magnetic field .Due to quantum fluctuations the domains
have fluid properties. It is then argued that quantum mecha-
nically, superpositions of such domains must be considerea.
The resulting state is gauge and rotational invariant, in
spite of the fa_ct that the original color magnetic field
breaks these invariances .We point out that in our model
for the QCD vacuum, color magnetic monopoles are not confined,
1621. Nikolskii S.I., Tukish E.I., Feinberg E.L., Amatuni A.Ts.,
Mamidzhanyan E.A., Matinyan S.G. Erevan Phys.Inst.,
EFI-358(16)-79, Erevan,1979.
INVESTIGATION OF INTERACTIONS OF COSMIC-RAY
HADRONS AND NUCLEI AT ENERGIES 10
3
-10
5
TEV
(In Russian)
1622. Oh C. H.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D18, No 12, pp.4817-4818.
NOTE ONA CLASSICAL SOLUTION FOR THE IT HOOFT
MONOPOLE AND THE JULIA-ZEE DYON
A stable solution for the SU(2} Yang-Mills field
coupled to the Higgs field is constructed from a complex
sourceless solution of the Yang-Mills equation. It has the
Bame properties as the solution except
for a singularity at the origin.
162). Olive D. Symposium on Mathematical Methods in the
Elementary Particles, Liblice, Czechoslovakia,1978.
Czech.J.Phys.,Sept.8,1979, vol.B29, No 1,pp.7J-80.
SUPERSYMMETRIC SOLITONS
The generalization of the two-dimensional soliton to
four space-time dimensions is a magnetic monopole. If the
Higgs field lies in the adjoint representation electric and
magnetic charges q and g can be defined. If further the
Higgs self-interaction vanishes all the pa,rticle states obey
the universal, dual symmetric mass formula M=a(q2 + g2)1/2."
There is evidence that this is exact in quantum mechanics
if the theory 'is made SO(2) supersyrnroetric.
1624. Olive D. Houches Winter Advanced Study Institute.
Les Houches,France,1978.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.49, No 2, pp.165-172
. MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
There are two ways of associating "particles" with
non-linear field equations: I. As a quantum excitations -
this applies to all field equations and is familiar in text
books on quantum field theory. II. As a soliton - this is
more familiar in other branches of physics. certain special
non-linear field equations possess smooth classical solu-
tions which resemble particles with structure in that the
energy is localized in a small region and does not dissipate
in time. There are the soliton solutions. Various questions
naturally pose themselves. Are the descriptions intrinsic 0:
could the particles in nature be equally well described
ei ther way, so that the two theoretical desc.riptions are
equivalent. These questions are considered in detail in
paper ..
1625. Olive D. Proc. Int.Conf.Hig-Energy Phys., Geneva,1979,
I
vol.1, pp.953-957.
MONOPOLES
1h?h_ Olive D.I. Froc. Mathematical Problems in Theoretical
Physics, Lausanne, 1979, pp.249-262
J
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND NON-ABELIAI'J GAUGE
THEORIES
1627. Olive D.I. Nucl.Phys.,1979, vol.B153, No 1-2,pp.1-12.
THE ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGES AS EXTRA
COMPONENTS OF FOUR-I'.TOIilEXTUl'!I
The Georgi-Glashow'model leading to the 't Hooft-
Polyakov monopole in the limit of vanishing Higgs
has a hidden symmetry. Whereby the Higgs field
is the fifth component of the gauge potential and the
electric charge the fifth component of four-momentum. The
Higgs field can be gauged away at-the expense of a depen-
dence of gauge- dependent quantities upon X 5. This depen-
dence is periodic in vacuo, a situation at
Kaluza-Klein theory. Suppersymmetrization of the model
automatically introduces a sixth dimension whose conjugate
momentum is the magnetic charge so that electromagnetic
duality is generalized by the 56 rotation. The siedimen-
sional formalism clarifies the universal mass formula gene-
ralizing the Englert-Brout-Higgs.-Kibble mechanism and applying
to monopole solitons as well as gauge particles and other
quantum excitations.
1628. Olive D.
1979.
London Imperial Coll.,ICTP-78-79-5, London,
THE ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC CHARGES AS EXTRA
OOMPOHElT'rS OF i'OUR-:IIOMlilli'l'UM
1629. O'Raifeartaigh L., Park S.Y., Wali K.C.
1979, vol.29, No 8, pp.1941-1950.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE INTERACTIONS
Phys.Rev.,
We study the long-range interaction between an
arbitrary number of finite-energy monopoles in non-
Abelian gauge theories with spontaneous symmetry break-
down. The Higgs fields may belong to either the adjoint
representation or to an arbitrary representation of the
gauge group G with residual symmetry group U(1). We use
the properties of the stress-energy tensor
to calculate the instantaneous force on monopoles start-
ing from given initial field configurations.we show that
when the Higgs fields belong to the adjoint representatio]
of G, the stress-energy tensor vanishes everywhere in th,
Prasad-Sommerfield limit leading to a " VI-interaction"
result fora system of monopoles ( or antimonopoles, but
not both). When the monopoles are widely separated, one
may picture each of them as consisting of a "core" outsid,
. which( the exterior region) the Yang-Mills gauge poten-
J
tional obey free-field Yang-Mills equations. We find exac
solutions in the exterior region (exterior solutions) and
how they determine the desired long-range interac-
tions through the stress-energy tensor. One is led to a
very simple physical interpretation of the interactions
as consisting of Coulomb-type attractive or repulsive
forces due to magnetic charges and Newtonian or Yukawa-
type attractive forces due to Higgs fields. We show how
these forces differ when we have the same strength in ge-
neral.From this result and also the mass spectrum, we finl
that the 65flj@6tlirea ymffietry BetWeen gaUge partiele and
finite-energy monopoles is limited to the case when the
Higgs fields belong to the adjoint representation.
" " r I
...
1630. O'Raifeartaigh L Park S.Y Wali K.C. Syracuse Uni v. J
SU-4213-134. New York,1979.
ON MAGNETIC MONOPOLE INTERACTIONS
1631. osborn H.
326.
Phys.Lett.,1979, vol.B83, No 3-4, pp.J21-
TOPOLOGICAL CHARGES FOR N=4
GAUGE' THEORIES AND MONOPOLES OF SPIN 1
The central charges in the supersymmetry algebra of
the N=4 supersymmetry gauge-theory are,obtained.When spon-
taneous symmetry breaking is imposed it is shown that the
spins of the topological monopole states should be iden-
tical to those of the massive elementary particles.
1632. Osborn H. Dept. of Applied Math. and Theor.Phys.,
Cambridge Univ., DAMPT 79-4, Cambridge.1979.
TOPOLOGICAL CHARGES FOR N=4 SUPERSYIvll',ffiTRIC
GAUGE THEORIES AND MONOPOLES OF SPIN 1-
1633. Ozaki S.-- Preprint, 1979.
DERIVATIon OF THE VARIOUS ADDITIon THEOREMS FROM
A GLOBAL l\ffiTHOD FOR EVALUATING GREEN'S FUNCTIONS
I (Revised version)
1634. Parsa z. Am.J.Phys.,1979, vol.47,. No 1, pp.56-62.
TOPOLOGICAL SOLITONS IN PHYSICS
The author presents an introduction to topological
solitons. A broad definition of solitons and a discussion
of their role in physics is given. To illustrate this '
concept, the author describes in some detail vortices and
magnetic monopoles which are examples of topological soli-
tons in two and three spatial dimensions.
16.35. Prasad M.K. new York state Univ., ITP-SB-79-99,

INSTANTONS AND MONOPOLES IN YANG-MILLS
GUAGE FIELD THEORIES
1636. Price P.B., Shirk K.E., Osborne W.Z., Pinsky L.S.,
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D18, NO'S, pp.1382-1421.
FURTHER rJEASUREMENTS AND REASSESSMENT OF
THE MAGNETIC-MONOPOLE CANDIDATE
1637. Preskil J.P.
pp.1365-1366.
Phys.Rev.Lett.,1979, vol.43, No 19,
COSMOLOGICAL PRODUCTION OF SUPERHEAVY MAGNETIC

Grand unified models of elementary particle inter-
actions contain stable superheavy magnetic monopoles. The
density of such monopoles in the early universe is esti-
mated to be unacceptably large. Cosmological monopole
production __ may be suppressed if the phase transition of
the grand unification mass scale is strongly first order.
1638. Preskil J.P. Harvard Univ., Lyman Lab. of Phys. ,HUTP-
79/A028, Cambridge,1979.
COSMOLOGICAL PRODUCTION OF SUPERHEAVY MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
16.39. Rebbi C. i sci.:Arp. ,1979 ,vol. 240, 2, pp.76-91.
SOLITONS
1640. Rossi P.
188.
Nucl.Phys.,1919, vol.B149, No 1, pp.110-
PROPAGATION FUNCTIONS IN THE FIELD OF A
,
, -'
The prasad-Sommerfield (1915) and Bogomolny(1916)
(PSB) static monopole field is shown to be equivalent to
an infini te sequence of Yang-Mills instantons, and the
equivalence between the monopole sector of the PSB model
and the static Euclidean Yang-Mills field is extended to
the equations for the propagators. The explicit construc-
tion of the static propagation functions in the field of
a monopole is then accomplished with the help of previous
results in instanton theory. A purely geometrical inter-
pretation of the cla'ssical effects of instantons and mono-
poles is given.
1641. Ruck H.M., Biedenharn L.C. Phys.Rev.,1919, Yol.D20,
No 8, pp.2089-2090.
COMMENT ON THE MOTIOn OF A SPIN-1/2 PARTICLE
IN THE FIELD OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLE
We give an algebraic formulation of the theory of
Kazama, yang and Goldhaber and discuss the significance
of the singular case of lowest angular momentum.
1642. Samuel S. Nucl.Phys.,1919, Yol.B154, No 1, pp.62-110.
TOPOLOGICAL SYMl\1ETRY BREAKDOWn AND QUARK
CONFINEMENT
The manner by which topological, symmetry breakdown
leads to confinement in a gauge theory is
discussed.
1643. Samuel S.
1919.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab., LBL-8604, Berkeley,
TOPOLOGICAL SYMNIETRY BREAKDOWN AND QUARK
, 'CONFINEMENT
1644. Samuel S.A. Thesis Lawrence Berkeley Lab.,LBL-9168,
Berkeley, USA,1979.
STATISTICAL'1mCHANICS AND FIELD THEORY
1645. Satikov I.A., Strazhev V.I. Yad.Fiz.,1979, vol.30,
No 5,
ALLOWED VALUES OF THE QUARK MAGNETIC CHARGES
IN DYONIC MODELS OF HADRONS(In Russian)
Re'strictions are formulated for the possible magnetic
charges of dyons, resulting'fJ:lom the Dirac charge quantiza
tion condition and with identification of the magnetic
charge to the colour quantum number.
1646. Sawada T. Univ.Tsukubo, Inst. of Phys., UTHEP-42,
Ibaraki , 1979.
DISCREPANCIES IN PARTIAL WAVE DISPERSION
RELATIONS AND A POSSIBLE STRONG VAN DER
WAALS FORCE
1647. Sayed W.A.
1467.
Phys.Rev. ,1979, vol.20
t
No 6, pp.1465-
MONOPOLE SOLUTIONS FOR STRONG GRAVITY
COUPLED TO SO(3) GAUGE FIELDS
1648. schoufeld J.F.
Laboratoire de Physique Theqretique,
Ecole Normale Superieure, LPTENS 79-25, Paris,1979.
DYNAMICAL SYMMETRY AND MAGNETIC CHARGE
1649. Scott D. Imperial ColI. ,Dept. of Theor.Phys.,ICTP-
78-79-5A,London,1979.
Oil THE EXISTENCE AND SMOOTID.JESS OF
SPHERICALLY MONOPOLE SOLU-
TIONS IN NON-ABELIAN GAUGE THEORIES
(Revised version)
,
1650. Scott D. M., Imperial ColI., Dept. of Theor. Phys. , ICTP-
78-79-32, London,1979.
MONOPOLES IN A GRAND UNIFIED THEORY BASED
ON SU(5)
1651. Sivaram C.,Sinha K.P.
pp.111-187.
Phys.Rep.,1919, vol.51, No 3,
STRONG SPIN-TWO INTERACTION AND GENERAL
RELATIVITY
The concept of short range strong spin-two (r ) field
( mediated by massive f -mesons) and interacting direct-
ly with hadrons was introduced along with the inifinite
range (g) field in early seventies. In the present review
of this grouwing area( often referred to as strong gravi-
t'y) we give a general relativistic treatment in terms of
Einstein-type (non-Abelian gauge) field equations with
a constant G.f::: 10
3
t,v( ,G", being the Nevv'to-
nian constant) and a cosmological term A:J J;v (')1
is strong gravity metric and AS::::::::t 10
28
cm
2
is" rela-
ted to the J= -meson mass).The solutions of field equa-
tions linearized over de Sitter (uniformly curves) back-
ground are capable of having connections with internal
symmetries .of hadrons and yielding mass formulae of SUe))
or SU(6) type. The hadrons emerge as de Sitter "microuni-
,verses" intensily curred wi thin
10-
14
)
em
( radius of curvature
The study of in'the context of
,gi'avity has led to Heisenbergis noni'inear spinor equation
wi th a fundamental 'length 2x Furthermore, one
_- 1(':',:)-
finds repulsive spin-spin interaction when two-identical
spin 1/2 particles are in parallel configuration and a
connection between weak interaction and strong gravity.
Various other consequences of strong gravity embrace
blaok hole ( 8011 tenia) l:ieiuotd.llIu" :t-lti l1a.d.loni c
bags wi th possible quark confinement. Regge-like '.;-:'or:s
between spins and masses, connection with monopoles cr.d
dyons, quantum geons and friedmons, temperature,
prevention of gravitational singularities, providing a
physical basis for Dirac's two metric and large numbers
hypothesis and projected unification with other basic
interactions through ,extended supergravity.
1653. staruszkiewicz A.
pp.601-606.
Acta Phys. Pol. ,1979, vol. B1 0, ::0 7,
. i
THE PARADOX OF A LORENTZ INVARIANT CURRENT
AND CHARGE QUANTIZATION
It is argued that the electric charge e'=411/e where
e is the charge of the electron, plays a distinguished
role, similar to the role of Dirac's magnetic charge g=
1/2e.
1654. steinman O. Univ.Bielfeld, Dept.of Theor.Phys.,
BI-TP-79-38, Bielfeld,1979.
SOLITON QUAnTIZATION IN GAUGE THEORIES
We study the quantization of the SO) gauge theory
which possesses the 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole as a clas-
sical solution. The one-monopole sector of this is
constructed in lowest-order perturbation theory, with
as expansion parameter. Explicit expressions for the
fields are given and their properties discussed. we use
a manifestly covariant formalism.
1655. Stump D.R. Indiana Univ. Bloomington,IUHET-42,Bloo-
mington,Indiana,1979.
ANALOGUES OF MERONS AND l\1ERON 'PAIRS IN THE XY.
I J
MODEL
1656. stump D.R. Phys.Dept.,Indiana Univ., Bloomington -
IUHET-44, Bloomington,Indiana,1979.
THE INSTANTANEOUS COULm.m INTERACTION FOR A '
nAOKOnOUND FImLU IN QUANTUM
DynAMICS
1657. stump D.R.
1981.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D20, No 8, pp.1965-
INSTANTANEOUS INTERACTION FOR A LONG-
RANGE BACKGROUND FIE:(,D IN QUANTUM CHROUODYNA-
MICS
The instantaneous Coulomb interaction is studied
in the SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. The Coulomb -Green's
function and instantaneous Coulomb potential of a static
quark-antiquark pair are evaluated for a background gauge
field that is spheric'ally symmetric and of long
range, i. e. t that is of order \Xr
1
as, /xi -;) c>o
The field (x) is of the same form as the V/u-Yang
magnetic-monopole field. Expansion of the Coulomb Green's
function in vector spherical harmonic functions reduces
the problem to a radial problem. It is shown that the
background field changes the asymptotic form of the instan
taneous Coulomb interaction; specifically for the monopole
field the correction term is ,of the same magnitude as the
ordinary Cou+omb interaction at large distances. In ad-
di tion, the instanton contribution to the 9"9:: poten-
tial energy is calculated in the temporal-gauge formulatio
of the theory, and compared to the instantaneous Coulomb
interaction. This calculation illustrates the interpreta-
tion of instantons as tunneling field configurations. The
possibility that long-range field fluctuations with the
magnetic-monopole form occur in an ionized meron phase of
quantum chromodynamics is discussed.
1658. Stump D.K.
2605
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.20,.No 10, pp.2592-
. ,ANALOGS OF MERONS AND MERON PAIRS IN THE XY
MODEL
A path-integral formula for the vacuum wave functionn
is used to show that merons in quantum chromodynamic8 pro-
duce long-range vacuum fluctuations of the form of V/u-
Yang monopoles, whereas meron pairs or instantons produce
Rf
vacuum fluctuations may be related to the problem of quark
The XY model, which describes classical tvlO-
component spins on a two-dimensional lattice, is reviewed.
vortex spin-field configurations, which are responsible
for the existence of a disordered phase in the XY model,
are shoW? to be analogous to merons that they produce long
range fluctuations of the spins doing a given axis. The
analogy is emphasized by considering the analog of the
vacuum wave functional in the XY model. It is argued that
.the vortex-antivortex pairs that occur in the ordered
phase of the XY model are analogous to meron pairs or
instantons in quantum chromodynamics.
1659. Tataru-Mihai P.
pp.431-444.
Let.Math.Phys.,1919,vol.3,Ho 5,
ON THE PRASAD-SOMMERFIELD DYOn(MONOPOLE)SOLUTION
The author. proves that the Prasad-Sommerfield dyon
(monopole) solution for an SU(2) Yang-Mills field coupled
with an SU(2) Higgs multiplet can be associated to a cer-
tain minimal immersion in S3 SU(2)), i. e. it has a
differential-geometric content similar to that of self-
I
dual solutions for the pure SU(2) Yang-Mills field.Impli-
cations of this result as well as possibilities to extend
to higher gauge groups are discussed.
1660. Tataru-Mihai P.
preprint,1919.
starnberg MPI Lebensibedingungen,
ON THE PRASAD-SOMMERFIELD DYON(MONOPOLE)
/' SOLUTION
1b61. Tchrakian D.H. Dublin Inst.Adv.Studies,KaisersIEutern,
DIAS-STP-19-12, Dublin,1919.
I
.... ".'
J '. .-
-- """';"-"
AXIALLY SYMlv1ETRIC PRASAD-SOMMERFIELD
MONOPOLE
An axialty symmetric monopole solution expressed
i.n Qf two -:!,F.1 fgutul. Ii; Il1tl(!;fJfltl a
charge and one of the parameters corresponds to a
transition.At large distances from the origin, where the
1l1'\0.1- parameter is negligible, the solutior:
is identical with the spherically symmetric prasad-Somuer-
field solution.
1662. Tchrakian D.H. Dublin Inst.Adv.Studies, DIAS-STP-79-
28, Dublin,1979. Lectures given at the "Mathematical Physics
Colloquium", Trapezon,Istanbul,1979.
SELF DUAL SOLUTIONS TO GAUGE FIELD EQUATIONS
ON N DIMENSIONAL MANIFOLDS
1663. Tereshenkov V.I., Tomil'chik L.M. Vestsi Akad.Hauk
Belorussk.SSR, sere fiz.-mat.,Uo J, pp.78-84,1979.
ON RETARDED POTENTIALS FOR THE DIRAC MONOPOLE
For a special parametrization of the Dirac string
world sUrface the explicit expressions for retarded poten-
tial of an arpitrarily moving monopole have been found.
In the statib limit, the expressions obtained coincide
with thelDirac potential for the monopole at rest.
1664. Ting-Chang H., Shuo-Hung K.,Hwa-Chung L.
vol.22, No 2, pp.149-167.
ON THE PROBLEM OF DUAL CHARGE (MAG!-.J"'ETIC MONOPOLE)
IN NON-ABELIAN GAUGE GROUPS ,
A connection of the spherical surface-gauge potential
correspondence method is developed to obtain spherical
symmetric solutions of sourceless gauge field with
SO(5) and SO(N) symmetry. The relation between gauge trans-
formation and the rotation of the frame attached on the
spherical surface is presented. It is shovm that only
in the four' dimensional case that the spherical symlnetric
solutions o'f sourceless gauge field wi th SOon symmetry.
can be a pseudo-partiele solution with finite
1665. E.A., Tomil'chik L.M. phys.Lett.,1979, vol.
B81, No 2, pp.173-174.
SPACE-Rt:FLECTlmJ OPERATION AND THE BO[]OlJ-E'ERI.IION
PUZZLE ET A DYONIm.I MODEL
The proof of the correct spin-statistics connection
for a dyonium model is given by means of the definttioli
of interchange of identical particles via the space-reflec
tion operation in their center of mass system. The connec-
tion between the P-reflection operation and the singula-
rityline rotations is discussed.
1666. Tomil' chik L. Til. Doct. Thesis, Inst. of Phys. ,Akad. :Tatlk
Belorussk.SSR.
DUAL INVARIANCE AND l'.'IAGNETIC CHARGE IN
ELECTRODYNAMICS
1661. Tomil'chik_L.liI. Inst. of Phys.,Akad.Nauk Belorussk.
SSR, Preprint No 180,Minsk,1979.
VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE IN ELECTRODYNAIilICS
WITH TWO-TYPES OF CHARGES AND RELATIVISTIC
STRING MODEL
1668. Janeya T.
pp.365-401.
Nucl.Phys.,i979, vol.B153, No 3-4,
MONOPOLE CONDENSATION AND QUARK CONFINEMENT
IN A WEAK COUPLING SU(N) LATTICE GAUGE MODEL
",.'
A model of SU(N) lattice Yang-Mills theory which
exht hJ t.n rHl;vmp1;o\ii c froedom unci ql1nrk confiDc-
II10n u ilJlultUlluouuly 10 prouon Lod. '1'110 uu thor UI'GUCS that.
I
in the limit of vanishing bare gauge-coupling constant,the
model is approximatelr mapped bN a dualitr transformRti'Ah
to the coupling phase of a ZeN) lattice gauge Dodel.Exis-
tence of the continuum limit with the vanishingly small
bare coupling constant (asymptotic freedom) requires one
to make the duality map at the critical point of the ZeN)
model. The mechanism of quark confinement is the condensa-
tion of magnetic monopoles and associated vortex strinGs
which are topologically characterized by ZeN) group struc-
ture.
1669. Tsou Sheung Tsun Acta Phys.Pol.,1919, vol.B10, No 3,
pp!219-221. Presented at the XVIII cracow School of
Theoretical Physics, Zakopane,1918.
A SHORT INTRODUCTION TO THE
FORMULATION OF GAUGE THEORY (Talk)
Some mathematical concepts in the formulation of gauge
theory are gathered together with emphasis on their phy-
sical and geometric interpretation.
1670. Tsou S. T. CERN-TH-25J5,1919.
1671. Troost w. Cargese Summer Inst.,1911 on Hadronic
structure and Lepton-Hadron Interactions.
Plenum,New York,1919, pp.60J-621.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN CLASSICAL FIELD THEORIES
The subject of magnetic monopoles will be treated
from 6 purely theoretical point of view.An exploration
will be made into classical field theories to try and find
solutions of classical field equations with a magnetic
charge, without introducing this charge as a quantum
number of the fields at the start.
1672. Tu Tung-Sheng,Yang Cheng-Wing,wu Tai-Tsun (China),
SCi.Sin.,1979, vol.21, No 3, pp.317-326.
INTERACTION OF ELECTRONS,MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
AND PHOTONS.I.
Using l1 method developed for treating monopole har-
monics, the authors present in this series of papers a
second quantized theory of interacting electrons magnetic
monopoles, and photons. In this paper they discuss a sys-
tem of interacting electrons, monopoles and the electro-
magnetic field. The electrons and monopoles are treated
as spin 1/2 Dirac particles with the negative energy s t t e ~
not filled.
1673. Urrutia L.F.
3034.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D18, No 8, pp.3031-
ZEROTH-ORDER EIKONAL APPROXIMATION IN RELATIVISTIC
CHARGED-PARTICLE-MAGNETIC-MONOPOLE SCATTERING
The relativistic spin-1/2 charged-particle-magnetic-
monopole scattering is considered in the high-energy,low-
momentum-trans'fer limit. Under these circumstances the
differential cross section is calculated in the zerotn-
order eikonal approximation and shown to be independent
of the choice of the singularity line. Out the same context
the remote contribution to the variation of the action
. .
induced by a change in the singularity line is shown to
be non-zero, contrary to what is usually assumed.
1674. Vecchia P.D., Ravndal F. Phys.Lett.,1979, vol.A73,
No 5-6, pp.;71-373.
SUPERSYMMETRIC DIRAC PARTICLES
Relaxing the requirement of parametrization invariance
I
the authors present a supersymmetric Lagrangian for a
massive, sp1nning particle without having to use a five-
dimensional Iformalism. The quantized theory describes a
spin-1/2 Dirac particle whose propagator is calculated.,
1675. Viswannthan K.S.,Yee J.H. Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D19,
No 6,. pp.1906-1911.
FmST-ORDER PHASE TRANSITIONS IN GAUGE
THEORIES
The'statistical mechanics of field theories with
broken, global and local SUe)) gauge symmetries is stu-
died in the one-loop approximation. The presence of a
cubic term in the potential, when allowed by symmetry, is
to restore the symmetry by a first-order phase transition
rather than 'by a second-order transition. The transition
teperatures are estimated to be too low for a finite den-
sity of magnetic monopoles to be excited.
1676. Wang Ke-Lin, Xsien Ting-Chang,Cheng Hsi-Teh.
Phys.Energ.Fortis and Phys.Nucl.,1979, Yol.2, No 5, pp.40)
410.
ON THE SU(4) MONOPOLE AND DYON SOLUTIONS
A simple method is proposed to obtain the classical
monopole and dyon solutions in the case of SU(4) s y ~ ~ e t r y
which can be systematically generalized to the general
case of SU(1n. The soluti.ons obtained in the SU(4) case
c?rrespond to magnetic charges of g-1, )/2g, 1/ 2g.
1677. Wang Pei, Hou Eo-Yu. Phys.Energ. Fort.Phys.Nucl.,
1979, vol.), pp.571-581.
THE MULTISYNCHRo-SPHERICAL SOLUTIONS OF THE SU on
GAUGE THEORY ( In Chinese)
Communicaciones Tecnicas,1979, Yol.10,No 202.
EXISTENCE OF MONOPOLES IN SUe)) YANG-MILLS-
HIGGS THEORIES
We give a vigorous proof of the existence of two time
independent, finite energy. infinitely differentiable
solutions to the Yang-Mills-Higgs equations of a SU(J)
BA4Ge ilhQIl1 A .. l 11 cuHl tJl-itj (J Llidr
has 1/2 unit of magnetic 9harge. We prove exponential
decay of infinity. In this way we obtain a vigorous proof
that the gauge fields have a massive part 8S is expected
from the Higgs mechanism.
1679. Weinberg E.J. European organization for Nuclear Re-
search. CER:i-TH-2779, Geneva, 1979.
FUNDAMENTAL MONOPOLES AND MULTIMONOPOLE
SOLUTIONS FOR ARBITRARY SIMPLE GAUGE GROUPS
Magnetic monopole solutions for an arbitrary compact
'simple gauge group are considered in the Prasad-Sommer-
field limit. For each group and choice of symmetry break-
ing there is a set of fundamental monopoles with minimal
topological charges and possessing no internal degrees of
freedom; the number of these is less than or equal to the
rank of the gauge group. It is shown that if the unbroken
gauge group'is non-Abelian, all solutions with hiGher
topological charges belong to parameter families, where
p is the number of position and group orientation para-
meters needed to describe a set of non-interacting funda-
mental monopoles with the given topological charge.It is
argued that these solutions, some examples of which are
given, should therefore be interpreted as multimonopole
configurations. An extension of these results to the case
of a non-Abelian unbroken gauge symmetry is conjectured
and shown to be valid for a number of examples.
1680. Weinberg E.J.
944.
Phys.Rev.,1979, vol.D20, No 4, pp.936-
PARAMETER COUNTING- FOR MULTIMONOPOLE SOLUTIONS
SU(2) magnetic monopole are considered in
"
the limit. It is shoWn that any solu-
tion wi th N ll..'1i ts of magnetic charge belongs to a (41J-1)-
parameter far::ily of solutions. It is conjectured that
parameters to the positions and relative U(1)-
orientations of N non-interacting unit monopoles

1681. Wilkinson D. ,Bais F.A.
pp.2410-2415.
Phys.Rev. ,1979, vol.19, No 0,
EXACT SD on I'.I[QNOPOLE SOLUTIONS WITH SPHERICAL
,
SYMl',IETRY
Exact solutions are constructed for an SU
(N+1) gauge spontaneously broken by a single BiZGs
field in the adjoint representation. The solutions satu-
rate the Bogo::olny lower bound on the energy ar..d are sphe-
rically with respect to the- angular momentum
operator J =-ir x NABLA + T, where T generates tee maxi-
SU(2) subalgebra of SU(N+1).The authors solutions are
the most general ones with the above symmetry and contair..
!
N real parameters which may be thought of as specifying
the nature of symmetry breaking. When this symmetry break-
ing is such that the scalar field matrix has repeated eigen-
values, it is found that only one of the possible point
1
monopoles has a corresponding finite-energy solution satu-
rating the Bogomolny
I
1682. Wilson 'N., Swa:ny N. H. H r. , Phys.Lett.,1979, vol.72A,
No 2, PP.188-190.
PORRIBTLITY OF MA(1}TETIC CHA...'l(1"RS
'USING PULSAR EMISSION
Modification of well-known plasma-wave dispersion
relations due to particles breaking magnetic charge is
presented. If these charges exist in the interstellar
medium the effects of the new modes they allow way be
detectable in pulsar emission.
168.3. Witten E.
281.
Phys.Lett.,1979, vol.86B.No pp.28.3-
DYONS OF
J
e
9/2.-
II
It is shown that inCP non-conserving theories the electric
charge of a't Hooft-Polyakov magnetic monopole will not
ordinarily be integral or even rational in units of the
fundamental charge e. If a non-zero vacuum angle e is
the only mechanism for CP violation, the electric charge
of the monopole is exactly calculable and is - e Q
plus an integer. If there are additional CP violating
interactions, the charge must ne computed as a
power series in the coupling constant. These results apply
in realistic theories such as SUeS).
1684. Witten E. European Organization for Nuclear Research,
CERN-TH-2724,
DYONS OF CHARGE 8/ 2ft'
1685. Witten E. Harward Univ.,Cambridge,HUTP-79-A007,
Cambri dge , 1 979.
BARYONS IN THE 1/N EXPANSION
1686. Witten E.
115.
Nucl.Phys.,1979, vol.B160, No 1, pp.57-
BARYQN IN THE 1/N EXPANSION
I
In th1s paper the existing results concerning mesons
and glue states in the large-N limit of QeD are reviewed
and it is shown how to fit baryons into this picture.
I' .
1687. WU Yong-Shi,Chen Shih,Kuo Han-Ying.
No 2, pp.193-206.
SCi.Sin.,1979,
U
2
SU
2
x U
1
INVARIANCE OF PRINCIPLE
BUNDLES FOR MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND ITS
PHYSIOAL .IMPLICATIONS
1688. Xia Dao-Xing Fudan J.(China).1979. No 2, pp.8-13.
ON THE COMMUTATIONAL RELATION IN THE GLOBAL
GAUGE THEORY FOR GROUP U(1)
wey1 the Dirac
monopole without singularity strings in global gauge
theory for group U(1) is discussed and a unique Van
Neumann type theorem is established for this type of
commutational relation.
1689. Yang C. N.
pp.129-139.
Acta Sci.Nat.Univ.Sunyatseni,1979,No 2,
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES FIBRE BUNDLES AND GAUGE
FIELDS
1690. Yang C.N. Froc. 19-th International Conference on
High Energy Physics, Tokyo, 1978.Tokyo,1979,pp.497-500.
DEVELOPMENT IN THE THEORY OF MAGNETIC
"MONOPOLES
A brief review of works dedicated to the Dirac magnetiC
monopole theory which includes the following items:
t"opological reasons for the appearance of singularities;
electron interaction with a universaly heavy static mono-
pole; build!ing of cosmic Lagrangian which describes
electron and monopole interaction; and a method of secon-
dary quantization for this system.
1691. Yang C.N. European organization for Nuclear Research,
CERN-TH 2725, Geneva,1979.
FIBRE BUNDLES AND THE PHYSICS OF THE MAGNETIC
MONOPOLE
)
1692. yang C.N.
97.
Ann.N.Y.Acad. 8ci.,1979, vol.294, pp.86-
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES,FIBRE BUNDLES AND
GAUGE FIELDS
1693. Yang C. N.
2627.
J.Math.Phys.,1979, vol.19, No 12, pp.2622-
SU
2
MmroPOLE HARMONICS
For a particle of I-spin I in an SU
2
monopole field
in five-dimensional Euclidean space, the monopole
nics are found. They belong to the irreducible
tation (1') cr- ) 5 where 'P = CV + 2 I. They form a complete
set of wave sections.
1694. Yoneya T.
444.
vol.B153, No 3-4,pp.431-
MONOPOLE CONDENSATION AND QUARK CONFINEMENT
IN A WEAK COUPLING SU(N) LATTICE GAUGE MODEL
A model of SU(N) lattice Yang-Mills theory which
exhibits asymptotic and permanent quark confine-
ment simultaneously is presented.It is argued that in
the limit of vanishing have gauge-coupling constant, the
model is approximately mapped by a duality
to the confining phase of a ZeN) lattice gauge model.
Existence of the continuum limit with the vanishingly
small bare coupling constant (asymptoting freedom) re-
quires one to make the duality map at the critical f;c'"'.:..;--:
of the ZeN) model. The mechanism of quark --
the condensation of magnetic monopoles and associated
strings which are topologically characterized by ZeN)
group structre.
,695. Yoneya T. Sapporo Hokkaido Univ.,preprint,1979.
MONOPOLE CONDENSATION AND QUARK CONFINEMENT
m A WiJAK QgUPI:.ING SU(N) GAUGE MODEL
1696. Zadoo T.K., Ahmad M., Handoo B.B. Indian J. Pure and
Appl. Phys.,1979, vol.17, No 8, pp.535-537.
MAGNETIC DIPOLE MOMENTS OF CHARMED BARYONS
J
AND THE MAGNETIC QUARKS
The theory that magnetic monopoles have
aspects similar to the conventional is used for
studying the magnetic dipole moments of charmed baryons.
1697. Zadoo T.K., Ahmad M. Indian J. Pure and Appl.Phys.,

1979., vol.17, No 3, pp.152-157.
CHARMED HADRONS, ELECTRIC QUARKS AND MAGNETIC
.-
QUARKS
The theory that Dirac's magnetic monopoles have
aspects similar to the conventional quarks sued for
studying charmed baryons. Mass relations between charmed
and uncharmed baryons are derived.
.-
Zeldovich B.Ya., Khlopov M.Yu Phys.Lett.,1979,vol.B79,
. No 3, pp.239-241.
ON THE CONCENTRATION OF RELIC MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
IN THE UNIVERSE
The modern concentration of relic 't Hooft-Polyakov
monopoles 1e shown to amount to t"W' 10-
19
om-
J
, being
h
determined by the diffusion annihilation rate at t < 10-.,Is.
To eliminate the contradiction with experimental upper
limits some. mechanism similar to quark confinement should
forbid free monopole existence.
/1"/
- '-/lu l{',
,
1699. Zia R.K.R.
703.
Amer.J.Phys.,1979, vol.47, No 8, pp.700-
ORE ITS OF A CHARGED PARTICLE IN A
MAGNETIC MONOPOLE FIELD
The orbits of a charged particle in the magnetic field
due to a magnetic monopole are reexamined and interpreted
intuitively: they are straight lines (geodesis) on a cone.
The general case in which an arbitrary central force is
superimposed is analyzed. It is shown that bound orbits
in the central force which do not ordinarily chose may
be closed 'by the addition of a monopole of suitable
1700. Zin Sun Fudan J. 1979, No 4, pp.52-58(China).
BOUND STATES COMPOSED OF THE BARYON AND
THE MONOPOLE
1701. Zrelov V. P. Joint Inst.for' Nuclear
12289, Dubna,1979,
ON A HYPOTHETICAL POSSIBILITY OF THE SEARCH
FOR DffiAC'S MONOPOLE
The present investigation for the magnetic
"g" ... introduces the equations of Maxwell where
and D = 0 ,i. e. the equations describing
electromagnetic phenomena in the world consisting of only
magnetic matter (the "gil world). It is postulated that
magnetic matter should consist of atoms similar to Bohr's
ones, and the fine structure constant should be universal
for our world ( the world "e
ll
)- and world "gil, i. e. -=
./ T-...:.<'
_ :(;X.... As a result, with ei- g, the constant
and "rjt of the "gU and "e" worl are not equal Vtf; th
the relationship of "g" and Ite" predicted by Dirac
it is possible to obtain the relation for and
as {= ./e.. .Some possible displays of magnetic
matter in-space and at accelerators are discussed.
".
.'
,.
" .
,
,t.
I.
.: .
1980
,
I
'.':,.
1980
1702. Ahlen S. P.
175.
Rev.Mod.Phys.,1950, No 1, pp.121-
THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ASPECTS OF THE
ENERGY LOSS OF RELATIVISTIC HEAVILY IONIZING
PARTICLES
We review the theory of the inter-
actions between rapidly moving -charged 'pa:rtic-l-es a-nd the
matter T-H Rough which they pass. The emphasis will be on
very massive. electric (-100 . Z .. 100) and magne-
, I 4
tic ( '< 'i E and 137 E/2) -particle
moving wi th relativistic veloci 0.2, f( < 100).
\Consideration will be given to both the stopping power
of the projectile and to the response of the absorbing
medium to the exitation caused by the projectile
.
1703. Akhoury R., Goldhaber A.S. Phys.Rev.,1980,
No 2, pp.454-465.
LINEAR DEFORMATIONS OF THE PRASAD-SOMMERFIELD
MONOPOLE
The Bogomolny equation for linear perturbations of
the Prasad-Sommerfield monopole is solved exactly.Expli-
cit expressions for all the normaliza?le and unnormaliza-
ble nongauge modes are obtained, and previous results of
on the normalizable modes are confirmed.A new
choice of gauge facilitates the solution. Open questions
and possible applications are mentioned.
1704. Bais F. A., R,udaz S. Geneva, 1980.
ON THE SUPPRESSION OF MONOPOLE PRODUCTION
IN THE VERY EARLY UNIVERSE
1705. Balachandran A.P., stern A. Nucl.Phys.,1980, vol.B162,
No J, pp.J85-J96.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES WITH NO STRINGS
Previous treatments of the charge-monopole system
have used either a Lagrangian singular along the Dirac
string or a multiple valued action integral. Here we
formulate an principle for this system which in-
volves no strings and is single valued. This is achieved
by writing the Lagrangian directly in.terms of the varia-
bles of a suitable fibre bundle. Canonical quantization
is carried out in a .?re re-
covered.
1706. Balachndran A.P., Marmo G., Skagerstam B.S.
Nucl.Phys.,1980, vol.B164, No 3, pp.421-444.
SUPPERSYMMETRIC POINT PARTICLES AND
MONOPOLES WITH NO STRINGS
In previous work, an action principle for the charge
monopole system was developed and it was canonically quan-
tized. The action was single valued and free of string
singularities. In this work, we supersymmetrize the pre-
ceeding action and canonically quantize this new action.
It describes a charged spin-half particle of gyromagnetic
ratio 2 in a magnetic monopole field. It is shown that
if a system admits only local Lagrangians for a configura-
tion space Q, then under certain conditions, it admits a
global Lagrangian when Q is enlarged to a suitable U1
bundle over .Q. The charge monopole system is an example
of such a system. Condi tions under which a form
is derivable from a Lagrangian are also found.
1101. Banks T., Horn D.
pp.2423-2424.
Phys.Rev.,1980, vol.D21, No 8,
COMMENT ON PHASE TRANSITIONS IN ZeN)
GAUGE THEORIES
We present an intuitive explanation of the first-
order ,nature of the phase transitions in the four-dimen-
sional ZeN) gauge theories for N in terms of the
etteetive for eleotrie and magnetic monopoles.
1708. Boratav M. European organization for Nuclear Research,
CERN-EP, 80-77, Geneva,1980.
FROM" QUARKS TO TACHYONS: A REVIEW OF
. ,
FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLE HUNTING
1709. Borbiellini G., Bonnecud G., Coshmare R.L., Coignet G.
t
Ellis J.
t
Giallard M.K., Grivaz J.F., Matteuzzi C.,
Peccei R.D., Wiik B.H. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchro-
tron, DESY 8/42, Hamburg,1980.
QUARKS AND MONOPOLES AT LEP
1710. Brandt R.A., Young K. Nucl.Phys.,1980. vol. B162,
No 1, pp.168-188.
ELECTRIC-MAGNETIC DUALITY AS A SECONDARY
SYMMETRY
1711. Brandt R.A, INeri F. New york Univ., NYU/T.R4/80,New
York, 1980.
SINGULAR GAUGE TRANSFORMATIONS AND MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
In theories of magnetic monopoles, the invariance
group must be enlarged to include Singular local gauge
transformations. A conventional classical non-Abelian
gauge theory is invariant only to gauge
U(x) which are non-singular in the s,ense that (' /y -
1)1 + ) t} (x '> =0; but i t charge is introduced,
addi tional gauge transformations 1 (x) for which ( -
) V. (x) \: ,'in and must:' 1;)e ' included. This
I
paper is devoted to the study and application of such
singular gauge transformations. It is seen that physical
observables in monopole theories must be invariant under
both non-singular and singular transformations. The latter
neoeBBsry to move the unphysical singular strings and
thus the Lorentz invariance of monopole theories
provided that the magnetic charge is quantized. Previously
Lorentz invariance was proved only in simple special casef
Singular transformations are also necessary to remove the
strings and thus lead to the construction of non-singular
monopoles provided that the quantized magnetic charge is
suitably chosen. The string removing gauge transformation
is seen to map the magnetic"charge matrix tozero.A1so
discussed are the nature of singularities in , the
effect of these singularities on the non-Abelian equations
of motion ( e.g. the failure of the Bianchi identity),and
the representation of V (x) as a path-ordered exponen-
tial of a line integral.
1712. Brandt R.A." Neri F. MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN SU(N)
GAUGE THEORIES.,New York univ., NYU/TR1/80, New York,
1980.
. -r .,," - A
The potential Ij (If X t'" - yo. r1 ) is a
static solution to the classical theory of non-Abelian
gauge fields coupled to a point magnetic source, for any
matrix in the Lie algebra of the gauge group G. This
solution is rotationally invariant if the eigenvalues of
M in the adjoint representation of G are quantized in
half-integer units, but is stable to small perturbations
only if all noh-vanishing eigenvalues are 1/2. In this
paper for the gauge groups G=SU(N), it is shown which
sets of eigenvalues of M are consistent with the group
structure, which consistent sets are gauge inequivalent,
and which consistent gauge inequivalent sets correspond-
to stable monopoles. It is found there are N inequi-
valent stable monopoles, including the tri v.ial case Jlf=Q.
Equivalence here is with respect to non-singular gauge
transformations the symmetry transformations of
the classical theory.Singular gauge transformations are,
in contrast, not symmetries but they are nevertheless
useful for classifying solutions, and for relating the
above oonoept of looal gtability to the global or
gical, stability associated with the Dirac strings. In thi
context, it is shown that there are N distinct topologi-
cal.classes' of monopoles, with the group structure of the
center Z", ;;;:-' n-1 (SU(N)/ z, ) of SU(N), that each class
contains exactly one stable monopole, and that any other
monopole in the same class has a strictly larger value of
the magnetic charge magnitude for Mf. This leads to an
integrating physical picture. of .local stability as a
consequence of the minimazation of magnetic energy. The
paper concludes with some comments on related the
empirical absence of magnetic charge, 't Hooft's calcula-
tion of magnetic energy, magnetic confinement, and spon-
taneously broken theories.
1713. Burzlaff J. Univ. Kaiserslautern , Kaiserlautern,1980.
ON THE SUe)) MONOPOLE WITH MAGNETIC
QUANTUM NUMBERS (0,2)
We prove the existence of a spherically symmetric
finite energy SU(3) solution with magnetic charge 0 and
isomagnetic charge 2. Because of the special ansatz this
cannot satisfy the Bogomolny equations in the
Prasad-Sommerfield limit. At the origin the solution is
given in the form of a convergent asymptotic series;At
infinity we give convergent asymptotic expansions in the
Prasad-Sommerfield limit.
1714. Byzov N.N. Candidate thesis, mst. of Nucl.Phys.,
Akad.Nauk Uzbeksk.SSR, Tashkent,1980.
DYNAMICS AND IRRADIATION OF CHARGED r:;\ G1\TETON
1715. Cardy J.L.
1980.
Calif.Univ.,UCSB-TH-35-80, stony Brook,
UNIVERSAL PROPERTIES OF U(1) GAUGE THEORIES
1716. Carrigan R.A.,Jr. Batavia,1980,19 P.(EFI 80/04).
DOWN TO EARTH SPECULATIONS ON GRAND UNIFI-
CATION MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
1717. Cho Y.M.
1088.
No 4, pp.1080-
RESTRICTED GAUGE THEORY
A restricted gauge theory is obtained as a self-
consistent 'of a non-Abelian gauge theory
by impOSing an extra magnetic symmetry to the gauge sym-
metry. The theory describes the dual dynamics between the
colar isocharges (i.e. the electric charges) and the topo-
logical charges (i.e. the magnetic charges) of the non-
Abelian symmetry, and contains two potentials, the elect-
ric and the magnetic potentials, in a dual-symmetric way.
The topological .charge is identified as the dual of the
Hoether charge of the magnetic symmetry of the theory.A
possible role of the restricted chromodynamics for quark
confinement in quantum chromodynamics is speculated.
'1718. Cho Y.M. Max-Planck-Institute fUr Physik und Astrophy-
sik, MPI-PAE/PTH 1/80, MUnchen,1980.
COLOURED MONOPOLES
A complete set of the point-like monopole solutions
for the group SU(3) is presented which can describe
arbi trary allowed magnetic charges . The method adopted
to construct the solutions makes use of the topological
structure of the non-Abelian symmetry and could be applied
to an arbitrary gauge group G.
1719. Christ N., Jackiw R.
pp.228-232.
Phys.Lett.,1980, vol.B91, No 2,
EQUALITY OF CHARGE AND PONTaYAGIN
INDEX FOR YANG-l'JILLS DYONS
A description of Yang-Mills dyons is given solely
in terms of yang-Mills fields. For an SU(2) gauge group
the magnetic pole strength is shown to coincide with the
Pontryagin index of the dyon configuration, treated as
periodic in time and hence defined on S1 R3.
1720. Clement G. Universite de Constantine,PUC-80-02,
Constantine, Algeria,1980.
"
EINSTEIN-YANG-MILLS-HIGGS SOLITONS
The classical theory of the gravitational field
coupled to an SO(3) gauge field and to a ghost Higgs
field in (3+1) dimensions is found to admit regular 10- .
calized solutions of the electric or magnetic type. These
solutions, which generalize solutions previously found
for the Abelian case, are characterized by a non-Eucli-
dean spatial topology, with two pOints at infinity.
1721. Deans W.S.
527.
Nucl.Phys.,1980, vol.B164, No 3, pp.509-
STRING:S IN GAUGE THEORIES
A theory of charged particles coupled to gauge fields
by flux lines quantized as string variables is developed.
In the absence of magnetic charge this is equivalent to
the usual gauge theory. In the presence of magnetic charge
the flux lines can form the nuclei of physical observable
finite-energy strings, leading to a confining potential
between charges.
1722. Degrand T.A., Torissaint D.
80 (80 Rec.Jul) 510.
Calif.Univ.,UCSB-TH-22-
TOPOLOGICAL EXCITATIGNS AND MONTE CARLO
SIMULATION OF ABELIAN GAUGE THEORY
1723. prokoshkin YU.D., DiddensA.N., Diebold R.
t
Gaillard J.M ...
Galaktionov Yu.U., Gershtein S.S., Filcher J.
Serpukhov Inst. of High Energy Physics, IHEP,80-3,Serpukh-
ov,1980.
HADRON AND PHOTON EXPERIMENTS IN 10 TEV
RANGE AT FIXED-TARGET ACCELERATORS
Possible hadron and photon experiments at 20 TeV
stationary-target proton accelerator have been considered
in order to see typical limitations and possibilities
of the experiments in this new energy domain.
/
,
1724. Felsager B., Leinaas J.M.
No 1, pp.162-188.
,
Nucl.Phys.,1980, vol.B166,
GEOMETRIC INTERPRETATION OF MAGNETIC FIELDS
AND THE MOTION OF CHARGED PARTICLES
A geometric representation of magnetic fields in
terms of bundles in R3 is examined, and for two
I
examples, the magnetic flux string and the monopole, it
is shown how the field configurations can be related to
-the geometry of cones and spheres. Using the normal vec-
tor of the planes as a dynamical variable we treat the
structure ofl the magnetic field in a way similar ti that
of an ordered medium. We eapecially compare it with the
structure of the 0(3) non-linearO-model. Finally a geo-
metric interpretation of electric charge is by
aSSOCiating with charged particles cu rotating, body-
fixed frame which is to rotate around the
normal vector of the planes. The close connection with the
Kaluza-Klein model is discussed.
1725. Forgacs P., Horvath Z., Palla L.
KFKI-1980-17, Budapest,1980.
Kozp.Fiz.Kut.Intez.,
,
GENERATING THE BPS ONE MONOPOLE BY A

1726. P., Horvath Z., Palla L.
vol.45, No 7, pp.505-508.
Phys.Rev.Lett.,1980,
GENERATING THE BOGOMOLNY-PRASAD-SOMMERFIELD
ONE-MONOPOLE SOLUTION BY ABACKLUNG TRANS-
FORMATION
1727. Friedman J.L., Sarkin R.D.
vol. 73, No 2, pp.161-190.
Comun.Math.Phys.,1980,
A SPIN-STATISTICS THEOREM FOR COMPOSITES
CONTAINING BOTH ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC
CHARGES
1728. Fryberger D. Stanford Linear Accelerator Center,
SLAC-PUB-2474, Stanford,1980.
A SEMICLASSICAL MONOPOLE CONFIGURATION
-- FOR ELECTROMAGNETISM
A semiclassical monopole configuration of generalized
electromagnetic that satisfies Maxwell's equations and a
criterion of conformal invariance is explicitly
ted. This configuration has no Singularities, carries
quanta of two different kinds of angular momenta and is
called varton. It also carries topological charge.It is
shown that the rotation associated the angular momenta
leads to a minimum energy for the configuration. Setting
the energy to this minimum and quantizing the angular mo-
menta of rotation yields a quantization condition for the
magnitude of the electromagnetic charge.The smallest allow-
able nonzero electromagnetic charge by a configura-
tion which has a nonzero topological 'q:harge equals 25.8e.
1729. Fryberger D. Stanford Accelerat.or Center, SLAC-PUB-
2497, Stanford,California,1980.
ON THE DOUND MONOPOLE PAIR,
A POSSIBLE STRUCTURE FOR FERMIONS
Arguments are presented that two magnetically bound
monopoles will fall into a ground state characterized by
an orbital angular momentum quantum number t =1/2. That
such a state forms a suitable structure for point-like
fermions is proposed.
1730. Fryberger D.
pp.313-320.
Lett.Nuovo Cim.,1980, vol.28, No 9,
ON THE MAGNETICALLY BOUND MONOPOLE PAIR,
A POSSIBLE STRUCTURE FOR FERMIONS
1731. Gambini R., Trias A.
pp.1539-1545.
J.Math.Phys.,1980, vol.21, No 6,
PATH DEPENDENT QUANTUM FORMULATION OF
ELECTROMAG1"'ETISM WITH MAGNETIC CHARGES
A path-dependent quantum formulation of electro-
magnetism with magnetic charges is proposed. One starts
from a path-dependent non-singular potential which gene-.
ralizes the WU-Yang potential. Then a Lagrangian formula-
ti9n is proposed manifestly self-dual and without singu-
lar terms or kinematical constraints. The quantization of
this Lagrangian leads to linear space of path-dependent
where the g.e
The angular momentum usually considered in the field of a
static monopole is identified with the generation of spa-
tial rotations in the space of the path-dependent wave-
functions.
1732. Gambini R., Salamo S., Trias A.
1980, vol.27, No 12, pp.385-388.
Lett.Nuovo Cim.,
SELF-DUAL COVARIANT LAGRANGIAN FORMULATION
01' MAC1NnlTIO OlIAl'tOlIUl
1733. GIANT MAGNETIC MONOPOLES) CERN Cour., 1980, vol. 20, No 3,
p.114.
1734. Gliozzi F. In: proceedings of the Workshop on Hadronic
Matter at Extreme Energy Density, held at the Ettore
Majorana Center,Erice,Italy,1978. Plenum Press, New York,
1980, pp.29-48.
DUALITY TRANSFORMATION AND CONFINEMENT
1735. Greensite J.P.
124.
Nucl.Phys.,1980, vol.B166, No 1,pp.113-
LARGE-SCALE VACUUM STRUCTURE AND NEW
CALCULATIONAL TECHNIQUES IN LATTICE
SU(N) GAUGE THEORY
By exponentiating infinite series of vacuum diag-
rams in strong-coupling lattice gauge theory, an expression
for the ground state is obtained containing new informa-
tion about long-wavelength, large-scale vacuum fluctuations.
It is found that lattice vacuum fluctuations are dominated
by monopole configurations, on scales large compared to
the lattice spacing.An efficient alternative to the stan-
Q6rd 1s developed,
which avoids the use of group integrations.A possible non-
perturbative extension of this technique applicable to
,
intermediate couplings, is discussed.
1736. Guth A.H., Tye S.H.H. Phys.Rev.Lett.,1980, vol.44,
No 10. pp.631-635.
PHASE AND MONOPOLE
PRODUCTION IN THE VERY EARLY UNIVERSE
In grand unified models, the abundance of superheavy
magnetic monopoles in the universe can be suppressed if
(1) the phase transition which creates the monopoles
occurs after much supercooling; and (2) immediately after
the phase transition, the effective monopole mass is large
compared with temperature. These requirements impose const-
raints on the history of the early universe. The Georgi-
Glashow SU(5) group probably breaks to SU(4) :m U(1) befor
it reaches SU(3) SU(2) E U(1).
1737. Hajicek P. Preprint,1980.
I.CHOICE OF THE CLASSICAL SOLUTION
1738. Hirata K.
188.
Nucl.Phys.,1980, vol.B169, No 1-2, pp.165-
DIRAC'S MONOPOLES AND ACTION-AT-A-DISTANCE
THEORY: CLASSICAL DYNAMICS
We redefine Dirac's action for charge-monopole sys-
tems as a certain limit of WU-Yang's action in a way which
is similar to, but different from the work of Brandt and
Primack. The lagrangian theory thus obtained reproduces,
in a simple and straightforward manner, all of the Maxwell-
Lorentz equations without recourse to Dirac's veto. It also
becomes clear that the action-at-a-distance formalism is
especially suited for the description of such systems.An
action equations of motion and conserved linear and angular
momenta are ,explicitly given, which do not depend on the
string. The existence of a charge-monopole bound state is
suggested.
1739. Houston P., O'Raifeartaigh L. Phys.Lett.,1980, vol.B94,
No 2, pp.153-156.'
ON THE CHARGE DISTRIBUTION OF STATIC AXIAL AND
MIRBOO MQNQPQI,.E SYS'PEMS
1740. Hruby J. Nucl.Phys.,1980. vol.B162, No 3, pp.449-460.
ON THE SUPERSYMMETRIC SOLITONS ON MONOPOLES
The basic results in a new trend in supersymmetry
and soliton 'theory are presented. It is shown that, the
soliton expectation value of the energy operator the
mass of the soliton without quantum corrections.A new
monopole model in three-dimenisons is
constructed by generalization of the supersymmetric
Gordon model in one space dimension.
1741. Hosotani Y. /' The Enrico Fermi Institute, Univ.of Chicago,
EFI 80/14, Chicago,1980
MAGNETIC SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND A LINEAR RESPONSE THEORY
FOR NON-ABELIAN GAUGE FIELDS
We investigate properties of magnetic superconducti-
vity as a mechanism for quark confinement. There are two
kinds of magnetic permiabili ty, /'" el.. and (/f.,m"1 in
non-Abelian gauge theory.Necessary conditions for the
and magnetic superconductivity are given by
0 and ,.." 0, respectively. Employing a linear
response theory, we find that II, mag is related to a
two-point correlation function of field strengths and that
the condi j1;
L
ma
g
"'V 0 can be satisfied in non-
Abelian gauge theory.
1742. Houston P., O'Raifeartaigh L. Dublin Inst. for Adv.
I
Studies, DIAS -STP-80-16, Dublin,1980.
ON THE CHARGE DISTRIBUTION OF STATIC AXIAL
AND MIRROR SYMMETRIC MONOPOLE SYSTEMS
It has been shown that the imposition of axial and
mirror symmetry on the static magnetic SU(2) Yang-Mills-
Higgs system reduces the usual first order (self-dual)
Bogemolnl euqations its five equaitigns for five imknewn
(gague-invariant) functions. In this note we show that
for a differentiable Higgs field, the five field equations
and the topology rule out all charge distributions along
the axis of symmetry except a single-point distribution,
and the boundary conditions at the single-point distri-
bution are discussed.
1743. Houston P., O'Raifeartaigh L. Phys.Lett.,1980, vol.
B93, No 1-2, pp.151-154.
ON THE ZEROS OF THE HIGGS FIELD FOR AXIALLY
SYMMETRIC MULTI-MONOPOLE CONFIGURATIONS
It is shown that a continuous axially symmetric iso-
vector Higgs field cannot have discrete topological charge"
of the same sign on the axis of symmetry unless it vani-
shes along the axis between the charges. The implications
of this result for the existence of multimonopole field
configuration is "briefly discussed.
1744. Houston P., O'Raifeartaigh L. Dublin Inst. for Adv.
1745.
Studies, Dublin, 1980.
ON THE ZEROS OF THE HIGGS FIELD FOR AXIALLY
SYMMETRIC MULTI-MONOPOLE CONFIGURATIONS
Horvathy P.A. Centre National de la Recherche
I
Scientifique, CNRS 80/p.1190, Marseille,1980.
ROTATIONAL SYMMETRY AND DIRAC'S MONOPOLE
Dirac's monopol's field is constructed in the frame-
/
work of symmetric mechanics by imposing rotational and
time-translation invariance on the motion of a test par-
ticle. Qunatization is achieved by the geometric method
of Kostand and Sourian, which allows for an elegant solu-
"
tion of the quantum symmetry problem. Space-reflection
symmetry is studied in addition.
1746. Chan Hong-Mo
f
Tsou Sang Teun. ON THE CHARACTERIZATIGN
OF MONOPOLES IN NON-ABELIAN GAUGE THEORIES. Geneva,1980,
11p.
1747. Chan Hong-Mo, Tsou S.T. European Organization for
Nucl.Research, CERN Ref.TH 2883, Geneva,1980.
ON THE CFJffiACTERIZATION OF MONOPOLES IN
NON-ABELIAN GAUGE THEORIES
We atte,mpt to help clarify some confusion in the
. literature on what characterizes monopoles in non-Abelian
gauge theories. There is no meaningful classification of
monopoles as "magnetic charge multiplets" belonging to
representations ofla "magnetic gauge group" as suggested
by some authors, the "magnetic charge" defined there not
being in general conserved. We found no physically mean-
ingful classification other .than the topological quantum
number or gauge type of bundles over spheres. For a pure
SU(n) Yang-Mills theory, this c'an be characterized by the
nth roots of unity.
1748. Jackiv R. Institute for Theor.Phys.,Univ. of
CTP-849, Santa Barbara,1980.
DYNAMICAL SYMMETRY OF THE MAGh""ETIC MONOPOLE
It is demonstrated that the ipteraction of a charged
particle with a magnetic monopole possesses a large inva-
riance:time can be arbitrarily reparametrized.When the
interaction occurs within conventional,nonrelativistic dy-
namiCS, the entire theory admits an 0(2,1) conformal grou]
of symmetry transformations, which seems to have escape
notice. Combining this invariance group with' the 0(3) grou]
of spatial rotations shows that the problem admits an
0(2,1) x 0(3)=0(3,1) group of invariances, in analogy with
the Kepler/ Coulomb problem. Furtheremore, at fixed
momentum, the dynamical system is described by a
I
irreducible, unitary representation of (2,1), whose Casi
mir is determined by the monopole strength. Some
similar properties of the isotropic harmonic oscillator arE
also mentioned.
1749. Jackiv R. In XX-th International Conference on High
I
Energy Physics, Madison,1980.
ABOUT MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
1750. Jackiv R. Institute for Theor.Phys., Univ.of Califor-
nia, CTP-84, Santa Barbara,1980.
INVARIANCE SYMMETRY AND PERIODICITY IN
GAUGE FIELDS
1751. Kibble T.W.E. London Imperial Coll., ICTP-79-80-23,
London, 1980.
SOME IMPLICATIONS OF A COSMOLOGICAL PHASE
TRANSITIONS
I discuss the reason for believing that phase transi-
tions occurred in the very early history of the universe
and the topological structures that may have been genera-
ted thereby - in particular, the strings and monopoles
.
The is mainly pedagogical with special emphaSis
,
on unsolved problems.
1752. Kovacs E. SLAC,Stanford Linear Accelerator Center,
SLAC-PUB-2465, Stanford,1980.
ANSATZ FOR SOLUTIONS WITH HIGHER TOPOLOGICAL
CHARGE
The correspondence between topologically stable kinds
of scalar 4 theory, vortices of the Abelian -Higgs model,
monopoles of the 'T Hooft-Polyakov model and instantons of
SU(2) Euclidean gauge theories is exhibited. The use of
multi-instanton ansatze for finding multi-monopole and
multivortex configurations is then investigated.A partial
solution of the N-vortex configuration for the Abelian-
Higgs model obtained.
1753. Kruglov S.I., Strazhev V.I. J.Phys.,1980, vol.A1J.
No 4, pp.L85-L87.
NEW APPROACH TO THE THEORY OF MAGNETIC
MONOPOLES
A,P,T-invariant theory of massive dually-charged
particles is proposed. This theory is based on the idea
that a particle with multi-spin described by the Dirac-
like equation is a magnetically charged particle. The con-
cept of magnetic charge has, in this approach, a pure
quantum mechanical nature.
. .
1754. Langacker P.,PI S.-Y. ,Phys.Rev.Lett.,1980, vol.45,
No 1, pp.1-4.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES
It is suggested that the magnetic monopoles predicted
by grand unified theories would not be produced in signi-
ficant numbers if electromagnetic gauge invariance is
spontaneously broken when the temperature T is greater
than Tc 1 T eVe A model possessing this behaviour is
displayed and the cosmological implications are discussed.
1755. Lazarides G., Magg M., Shafi Q. European organization
for Nuclear Research, CERN-TH-2856, Geneva,1980.
PHASE TRANSITIONS AND MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
IN SO(10)
In a unified gauge theory based on SO(10), the
combination of a strongly first order phase transition
and a magnetic confinement mechanism can suppress the
density of magnetic monopoles at the: time of nucleosyn-
thesis. However, this only occurs if SO(10) breaks down
to SU(3)c E U(1)EM via SU(4)0 E (SU(2)R). For the
other symmetry patterns of SO(10) obtained with
a minimal Higgs system, the potential conflict the
standard big-bang cosmology is not naturally avoided.
1756. Lazarides G., Shafi G. European organization for
Research, CERN TH-2811, Geneva,1980.
THE FATE OF PRIMORDIAL MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
1757. Lazarides G., Shafi G. Phys.Lett.,1980, vol. B94,
No 2, pp.149-152.
THE FATE OF PRIMORDIAL MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
Unified gauge theories, in which the SU(2)L and
U(1)y subgroups do not have non-trivial intersections,
possess an inbuilt mechanism for a complete extinction
of the primordial magnetic monopoles. The potential conf-
lict with the standard hot big-bang cosmology is there-
fore avoided in such theories. The usual gauge theories,
based on SU(5), SO(10) and E6 do not have this property.
1758. Leznov A.N., Savelev M.V. Fiz. El. Chastits i Atomn.
Yadra (Russ.), 1980, vol.11, pp.40-91
. EXACT CYLINDRICALLY SYMMETRIC SOLUTIONS OF
THE CLASSICAL EQUATIONS IN GAUGE THEORIES
WITH THE ARBITRARY Cm,iPACT LIE GROUPS
The main results in the field of exact cylindrically
symmetric solutions of the classical equations in gauge
theories with an arbitrary simple compact Lie group are
expounded compactly.
1759. Lykken J.D., Strominger A. Phys.Rev.Lett.,1980,vol.44,
No 18, pp.1175-1178.
SPIN FROM ISOSPIN IN SU(5)
The possibility of the charge-monopole systems with
.,
half-integer spin in the grand linified;SU(5) model is
investigated and found to occur.
1760. Maison D. Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik und Astro-
1'/90.
UNIQUENESS OF THE PRASAD-SOMMERFIELD MONOPOLE
SOLUTION
1761. Matsui T. Tokyo Univ., UT-KOMABA 80-06, Tokyo,1980.
DUALITY TRANSFORMATIONS FOR 0(3) AND
0(4) SPIN SYSTEMS IN TWO DIMENSIONS
Duality transformations of Kramers and Wannier are
applied to two-dimensional lattice spin systems having .
0(3) and 0(4) global symmetries. Dual spin variables on
dual lattice are introduced by employing the graphical
method of Levinson et ale for SU(2) recoupling coeffici-
ents. By evaluating the dual systems approximately the
original systems at low temperatures are shown to be desc-
ribed in terms of "spin-wave modes and discrete excita-
tions specified by integers. In the 0(3) case some of the
leading contributions to tge latter excitations are simi-
lar in structures to sets of meron excitations in the
continuum (i.e. constituents of instanton excitations).
There appears also a sequence of multipole configurations,
eacp monopole bearing fractional "topological "charge. Throuj
Throughout the duality method the infrared difficulties
in the simeclassical approximations of dilute instanton
gas' disappear because all configurations of spin variables
are now into account. Possible roles of the dual
excitations in the 0(3) system are briefly discussed.
1762. Mignani R.
'209.
Nuovo Cim., 1980, vol.B56, No 2, pp.201-
PATH-DEPENDENT APPROACH TO GRAVITATIONAL MONOPOLES
We discuss the possibility of introducing gravita-
tional analogues of magnetic monopoles (i.e. sources of
the dual Riemann tensor) into Einstein's equations in the
framework of I, Mandelstam's path-dependent formulation of
, the gravitational field. It is shown that, by this approach
gravitational mODGpGles arise straightforwardly from a
consistency requirement for the theory. Moreover, their
existence implies a local violation of the energy-momentum
conservation law. Possible consequences and developments
of the theory are considered.
176). Minami M.
321.
Progr.Theor.Phys.,1980, vol.6), No 1, pp.)O)-
QUATERNIONIC GAUGE FIELDS ON S
7
AND YANG'S
SU(2) MONOPOLE ,
A regular connection is introduced on a 7-
sphere and gauge transformations are applied to it to pro-
duce two specific Singular connections. The gauge potentials
which these Singular connections embody are shown to be
;
identical with Yang's SU(2) monopole solutions as shown
by pulling b'ack the latter by a HOP! map 0/2: S 7 - s4.
The study is a genuine generalization of a previous work
where Dirac's U(1) monopole was discussed within the realm
of the Hopf fibre-maps3-- S2. The present discussion hence
the previous one; a major difference being
only that the quaternions are used in place of the complex
numbers.
1764. Nahm W. European Organization for Nuclear Research,
CERN TH-28)5, Geneva,1980.
ON SELF DUAL MULTIMONOPOLES
1765. Nahm w. Phys.Lett.,1980, vol.B93, No 1-2, pp.42-46.
ON ABELIAN SELF-DUAL MULTIMONOPOLES
Abelian self-dual monopoles are Dirac monopoles
which also act as the source of a scalar field equal in
strength to the potential of the magnetic field. The static
field generated by several such monopoles with arbitrary
positions can be described by adapting the ADHM formalism
developed for instantons.In particular one obtains an
exact expression for the Green function of the covariant
Laplace operator.
1766. Nahm W. Phys.Lett.,1980, vol.B90, pp.413-414.
A SIMPLE FORMALISM FOR THE BPS MONOPOLE
A simple formalism for the BPS monopole is obtained
by generalizing the ADHM construction of multi-instantons
to'a Hilbert space. Both the potential itself and the GreentE
functions for different isospin can be obtained with very
little effort from the instanton formulae.
1767. oh C.H., Rosy Tch.
pp.531-534.
Phys.Rev.,1980, vol.D21, No 2,
NON-SELF-DUAL STATIC GAUGE FIELDS
we exhibit exact non-self-dual statistic solutions
to the SU(2) Yang-Mills field equations by solving the
equation 7'ly +) -y3 =0 using cylindrical and spherical
coordinates. The resulting gauge fields are complex and
have singularities. For the cylindrically symmetric solu-
tion we convert it into a real gauge field coupled to the
Higgs field in the limit in which the self-interaction
potential of the Higgs field vanishes.
1768. Pi S.Y. In:XX-th International Conference on High
Energy Physics, Madison,1980
. ,
SUPPRESSION OF SUPERHEAVY MONOPOLES IN GUTS
1769. Ryder L.H. J.Phys.,1980, vol.13, No 2, pp.437-447.
DmAC MONOPOLES AND THE HOFF M.<\.P S3 __ S2
It is shown that the presence of point magnetic mono-
poles necessitates a fibre-bundle formulation of electro-
dynamics. The Hopf "fibring" of S3 over a base space s2
wi th fibre S,1 yields the Vlu-Yang potentials which describe
the Dirac monopole. The Gauss- Bonnet-Chern theorem yields
the Schwinger quantization Qondition.
1770. Sawada T. Progr.Theor.Phys., 1980, vol.63, No 6,
pp.2016-2031.
DISCREPANCIES IN PARTIAL VIA VE DISPERSION RELATION
AND A POSSIBLE STRONG VAN DER WAALS FORCE
1771. Scott D.M. Department of Applied and
Theoretical Physics, Univ. of Cambridge, 80/7, Camb-
ridge, 1980.
ON THE POSSIBILITY OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES LIGHTER
THAN 1- IN GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES
0'-
It is argued that in special cases monopoles may
-1
have masses significantly less than 0[ where
is the mass of the heaviest vector boson in the grand
unified theory under consideration.
1772. Scott D.M. Department of Applied Mathematics and
Physics, Uni v. of Cambridge, DAMTP 80-2, Camb-
ridge,1980. I
THE MASSES OF MONOPOLES IN GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES
The form the Bogomolny bound takes in grand unified
theories is considered. In the context of certain approxi-
mations, which are detailed, the ratio of the mass of a .
monopole to that of a superheavy vector boson is calcu-
lated. Lower bounds on masses of these particles are
.
given in terms of the angles of the theory. The
results are applied to the spin (10): theory.
1773. Shepard H.K. Preprint,1980.
COMMENTS ON THE HIGH TEMPERATURE
YANG-MILLS GAS
1774. Schechter M., Weder R. Universidad Nacional Autonoma
de Mexico, Communicaciones Tecnicas, No 227, Mexico,1980.
A THEOREM ON THE EXISTENCE OF DYON SOLUTIONS
,
We prove the existence of finite energy dyon solutions
to Yang-Mills-Higgs equations satisfying the Julia-Zee
Ansatz, and the generalization to SU(N)_gauge groups.This
vigorously established the existence of a model for the
particles haying electric and magnetic charge conjectured
by Schwinger. We also prove that the solutions are real
analytic on ( 0, 0::') and C <>0 at =0. To establish our
result we prove a new abstract theorem that allows to stu-
dy singular constrained variational problems without the
introduction ,Lagrange multiplies.
1775. Schechter M., Weder R.Y. Phys.Rev.Lett.,1980, vol.44,
No 20, pp.1303-1305.
RIGOROUS RESULTS ON THE EXISTENCE OF DYON
SOLUTIONS
The existence of finite-energy dyon solutions satisfy-
ing the Ju11a-zee Ansatz and the generalization to SU(N)
gauge groups is rigorously established. It is also proved
that the solutions are real analytic on ( 0, 00 ) and
in'fini tely differentiable at O. The proof is based on an
abstract theorem that allows one to study constrained
variational problems without introducing Lagrange multi-"
pliers.
1776. N.V. Serpukhov Inst. High En.Phys., IHEP,
80-11. Serpukhov,1980.
ELECTRON SCATTERING ON DIRAC-SCHV/INGER MONOPOLE
AT SMALL ANGLES
A correction for the scattering amplitude of electron
on monopole at small angles has been obtained in the frame-
work of quantum theory of Dirac-Schwinger magnetic mono-
pole.After redefinition of the S'matrix the amplitude sa-
tisfies the or 1nvar1ance.
1777. Soares I.
525.
J.Math.Phys.,1980, vol.21, No ), pp.521-
"
INHOMOGENEOUS ROTATING UNIVERSES WITH CLOSED
TIME-LIKE GEODESICS OF MATTER
We present a new class of inhomogeneous stationary
- . . '-
cosmological solutions of Einstein-Maxwell equations,with
rotating dust and electromagnetic fields. For a subclass
of these models, the topology of the,space-time manifold
is S'C X R, and the time-like geodesic lines of dust are
closed; electromagnetic fields are necessary only to avoid
matter singularity S. Vmile in the completely homogeneous
limit they are essential for consistency of field equations
these electomagnetic fields 'have the structure of magnetic
monopole fields since the total magnetic flux across the
unit 2-sphere is different from zero that is magnetic mono-
poles must be present as a source of the fields.
1778. Strazhev V.I., Shkolnukov P.L.
vol. B11, No ), pp.209-220.
Acta.Phys.Pol.,1980,
ON TWO-POTENTIAL FORMULATION OF ELECTRODYNAMICS
WITH MAGNETIC MONOPOLES
The two-potential Lagrange formulation of the theory
of magnetiC charge is developed. The connection with the
Dirac and Cabibbo-Ferrari formulations of electrodynamics
with magnetic monopoles is ststed.
1779. Tataru-Mihai P. Preprint,1980.
MONOPOLES AND THE SYMMETRY BREAKING PATTERN OF
A SO(10)-BASED GUT.A TOPOLOGICAL ARGtmffiNT.
1800. Thomas G.H.
119.
Riv.Nuovo Cim.,1980, vol. 3, No 4, pp.1-
INTRODUCTORY LECTURES ON FIBRE BUNDLES AND
TOPOLOGY FOR PHYSICISTS
1801. Tchrakian D.H.
pp.166-169.
J.Math.Phys.,1980, vol.21, No 1,
N-DIMENSIONAL INSTANTONS AND MONOPOLES
The possibility of finding solutions of the instan-
ton and monopole types to gauge field theories on arbit-
rary even and odd dimensional Euclidean manifolds respec-
tively is investigated. Suitable boundary conditions for
both types are given and new self-duality criteria are
developed, for gauge field theories an N-dimensional mani-
folds (N 5) which are also endowed with new action
and Lagrangian densities.
1802. Tye S.-H.H. Lab. of Nucl.Studies Cornell Univ., CLNS-80l
448, Ithaco,1980.
MONOPOLES,PHASE TRANSITIONS AND THE EARLY

The non-observation of magnetic monopoles imposes
stringent constraints on the structure of grand unified
theories and their phase transition properties in the
early (i.e. 10-
36
second after the big bang) stages
of the universe. We discuss this in the context of the
Georgi-Glashow SU(5) model.We also give the explicit forms
of the exact monopole in this model.
1803. Weinberg E.J.
524.
I
Nucl.Phys.,1980, vol.B167, No 3, pp.500-
FUNDAMENTAL MONOPOLES AND 1IDLTIMONOPOLE
SOLUTIONS FOR ARBITRARY SIMPLE GAUGE GROUPS
Magnetic monopole solutions for arbitrary compact
simple gauge group arf1 considered in the Prasad-Sommerfield
limit. For each group and choice of symmetry breaking tharl
is a set of" fundamental monopoles with minimal topological
,charges and possessing no internal degrees of freedom, the
'number of these is less than or equal to the rank of
,the gauge group. It is shown that if the unbroken gauge
group is Abelian, all solutions with higher topological
charges belong to p-parameter families, where p is the
number of and group orientation needed
to describe a set of non-interacting fundamental monopoles
with the given topological charge. It is argued that these
solutions,some examples of which "are given, should there-
fore be interpreted as multi pole configurations.An exten-
sion of these results to the case of a non-Abelian unbro-
ken gauge symmetry is conjecture and shown to be valid
for a number of examples.
1804. Yaffe L.G. Preprint, 1980.
CONFINEMENT IN SU(N) LATTICE GAUGE THEORIES
1805. yaffe L. G.
1590.
Phys.Rev.,1980, vol. D21, No 6, pp.1574-
CONFINEMENT IN SU (N) LATTICE GAUGE
.1806. Yang Chen Ning European organization for Nuclear
Research, CERN Ref. TH-2886, Geneva, 1980.
MAGNETIC MONOPOLES AND FIBRE BUNDLES "
Talk given at a Conference at the Academy of SCience,
Rome, 1980.
A
Acharya R.
A01ior A.
Adams N.
Adair R.K.
Adams P.J.
Adawi I.
535,819
1476,1477
20
I
205,481,670
820
821,1030
AUTHOR INDEX
Arcidiacono G.
J:rgyres E.N.
.Arnowi tt R.
Artru x.
Ashton F.
Agarwal G.S. 823
Ahlen S.P.
.Ahmad M.
Akhiezer A.I.
Akhoury R.
Alsina F.
Alwarez L. w.
Amaldi E.
.Amatuni A. Ts.
AnandanJ.
Anderson P. W.
Anderson S.K.
Andreev V.A.
Ansourian M.M.
Antippa.A.F.
Antuna M.,Jr.
Arafune J.
671,824,1272
1696,1697
,
602,672.
1703
161
144,145,146,202,
292,341,342,343,
344,345,412,436,
579,673,675,711

147,148,261 ,262,
346,347,410,482,
598
1621
1273,1479
675,825
1031
413,676,677,678,
679
826
1595
I
j
341,412 ..
603,681,682
Asorey M.
,
Aumento F.
13aaklini N. S.
13acry H.
13adhwar G. D.
13ai
L
y
uni A.
13ais F.A.
13aker W.M.
13akesigaki A.
13alachandran A.P.
13alog J.
1274
127,
1032,1276
105
,827,1033)
263,293,294,
604
1480,1481
311,312,365,
366
1277,1482
414,537,1278,
1483,1484
684,828,8J2
296
685,829,830,
831,1035,1279,
1280,1281,1282,
1283,1468,1485,
1486,1487,1681,
1704
1488
415,483
605,606,686,
687,688,689,
833,834,835,
836,1036,1037,
1284,1285,1286,
1489,1490,1705,
1706, ,
1118, 1287 , 1 376 ,
1491
Banderet p. p.
49
Banet L. 25
Banks T. 1038,10j9,1288,1492,
1493,1494,1707
Barbaro-Galtieri 1249
A.
Bender C.M. 1046,1301
Benedikt E.T. 60
Benexentano M.410,598
n. 1047
Ben-Menahem S.1503,1504
Bardakci K.
Barker VI.A.
Barkov L.M.
1289,1290 Berrondo M. 352
1293.1294,1495,1496 Berkowitz H. 204
Barlett D.
Baroni G.
295,317,369,370,416
444,484,496,497
644
1 30, 147 , 148,346,
347,610,726
Baricelli N.A. 1291,1292,1497
Bars 1039a,1039b
Bartels J. 1295
Bartlett D.P. 485,486',837,947,
1 039c, 1296,1501
Barut A.O. 235,296,297,348,
349,350,351,417,
418,419,420,421,
422,423,424,425,
487,488,489,538,
. 539,540,541,542,
543,544,545,546,
547,607,608,609,
690,838,839,840,
841,842,843,844,
1040,1041,1042,1297,
1298,1299,1498,1499,
1500
Bassetti B. 1043,1044
Bauer E. 94
Bayle D. 132
Bazhenov V.V. 1300,1502
I
Baker H. 609.1045
Bel1ac M.Le. 548
Berthowitz A.L. 166
z. 426,353
. .... J.,.. ........... 11 ... ..
Bialynicki-Birula I.
427
353,426,
Biedenharn L. C. 371,445,16
/
1'1
Bilaniuk.O.M. 549
Biza Yu.S.
Blagoj evi 6 M.
Blagov M.I.
Blaha P.
Blaha S.
Bludman I.A.
Bludman S. A.
Boal D.H.
Boccio J.R.
Bogomolny E.B.
Bollini C. G.
Bolotovski B. M.
Bona C.
691,692,1048
1302,1505,1506
354,355,428
82,83,84,95
845,846
693
847,848
694
549
849,850,851,
852,853
854,1049,1050,
1303
136,178,356
1304
Bonnecud G. 1709
Boratav M.
Borbiellini G.
Borchardt S.
. BGrgarcit A.B.
Borgia B.
Bornz in G. L.
Borodovitsyn
V.A.
Borodulin V. I.
Boronil'l V. S.
1708
1709
836,1036,1037,1284,
1285,1286
108.179
410,598
350,423,490,539,
609 .
1507
1300,1502
136
Boul tale.b J. H. 1305,1508,1509,1510
Boulware D.G. 855
Bounardean M.
Boya L.J.
Brachet M.E.
Bradner H.
Brandt R.A.
Brezin E.
Brihaye Y.
Broderic J. J.
Brout R.
Brown L.S.
Bruce D.J.
Brydges D.
Budnev V.M.
Bunjatov S.A.
. Buras A. J.
1511,1512
1306,1480,1481
1307,1308
117,130,147,148,346
429,491,1051,1052,
1053,1054,1309,1310,
1311,1312,1313,1314,
1315,1513,1514,1515,
1516,1710,1711,1712
1517
1055
1518
856,857
855
1316,1519
1520
550,695,
1521
1295
Burguladze A.A.
Burinskii A.Ya.
Burke D.L.
Burns J.A
Burzlaff J.
Bussiere A.
Butera P.
Butts J.J.
Byckling E.
Byrns R.A.
Byzov N.N.
c
Cabbibo N.
Cabrera B.
Cahalan R.
cahn R.N.
Calcin M.G.
Callan C. G.
Callias C.J.
Campbell W. B.
Canuto V.
Cardy J.L.
Oarithers w.o.
Carmeli M.
Carrigan R.A.
263,293,294
741
696
275
1713
726
1043,1044
191
1153,1154
341,412
1507,1714
137,482,1295
698
836,1037,1284,
855
180,264
1056,1317,1318
1057,1058,1059,
1319
697,858,1060,
1061
820
1715
205
547,859,1062,
1063,1320, 1522
181,357,358,355
430,431,551,552
611,612,613,614
615,699,700,701
702,860,1064,
1065,1066,1321,
1716
Carstoiu J. 236,298,299 Cline'D.B.
Carter E.F. 553 Close F.E.
Cavalleri G. 182 Cohen H.A.
J.M. 861,1067 Ooignet G.
Chakrabarti A. 703,862,1068,1305, Cole H.J.D.
1322,1508,1509,1510
Coleman S.
Chan Hong-Mo 1747
Chang Kuo-Yiu 1465 Collins G.B.
Chang Cheng-Kang 492,1463
I Combe P.
Chang S.S. 836,1037,1284,1286
616
,
1295
553,554,617
1709
98
706,865,1071,
1072,1073
159,360,361,
389,555,992
556,618
Combridge-B.L. 1295
Charac C. 1320
Chen Shih 1262,1470,1471,1687
ChenH.S.C. 183
Cheng Hsi-Teh 1463,1464,1466,1676
Cheng Kuo.Shung 1069,1070,1323,1523
Cherenkov P.A. 124,300
Chernavskii D.S.1324
Chernyshova L.A.416,484,496,497
Chiang C.C.
Chin H. Y.
562,863
820
Chischolm J.S.R.1524,1525
Cho Y.M.
Christ N.H.
704,1526,1527,1528,
1717,1718
705,864,1531,1719
Chu Shu-Yuan 563
Cicuta G.
Cisneros A.
1043,1,044
274,381
Clarke C.J.S. 432
Clavier P.A. 141
Clement G. 1720
Comstock G.M. 364
comtet A.
Coombes Ch.A.
Coon D. D.
Cope F. W.
Corben H.C.
Cordero P.
Corinena J.F.
Cornwall J. M.
Corrigan E.
Coshmare R. L.
Cotton
Cox P.H.
Cremer E.
Creutz M.
1509,1510,1529
265,301
619
1530
620, 707
1047,1074,
1306
869
708,866,867,
868
1709
97
1076,1325
871,1075
621
Cruberllier A. 494
curie P. 2
Cutler 1025
czechowskiA. 1077
u
Dacos F.
DtAdda A.
. Dadykin V. L.
Dai Xion.-Xi
Daniel M.
Das A.
Dashen R.F.
Dattoli G.
118
1326,1327

1328,1329
1532
1534
622,1056,1317,1318
1078,1079,1330,1331
Davies P.C.W. 1533
Davydov V.N.
Deans W.S.
DeAzcarrage
376,433,450,451
1335,1535,1536,1721
1331a
De Carvalho M.G. 130,147,346
Degrand T.A.
Dell G.F.
1722
410,598
Deo B.B. 557
DeRaad L.L.,Jr.943,981,1413
Dereli T.
Derenzo S.
709,796,797,798,872
359
De Rajula A. 1295
Deser s. 105
Desoyer K. V. 86
De Vega H.J. 1332
Devons S. 149,184
Diddens A.N. 1723
Diebold R. 1723
Dierz K. 1537
I'
DiLiberto S. 610,726
Dipoko Jongwane 1068
Dirac. P.A.M.
Di Vecchia P.
Dobson P.N.,Jr.
l)eKes g. p.
Domogatski G.V.
Dooher J.P.
Doria F.A.
Dorman L. I.
7,68,558,873,
1080,1333,1334
1326,
1336

266,303,304,
305
410,434,435,
598
1539
185,186,187,
206,237,238
Dowell J.D. 1540
Dowker J.S.
Drell S. D.
Drukier A.K.
239,564
1081
1511,1512
Duan I-shish 875
Duan-Ishi
Duff M.J.
Durand M.E.
Durgaprasad N.
E
Eberhard P.H.
Ef"inger H.J.
Eguchi T.
Ehrenhaft F.
1541
1337
59,106
1338
292,341,342,
343,345,412,
436,559,579,
710,711,712,
713,714,874
306,307,308,
363,493
715,716,1046,
1301
6,12,14,15,16,
17,18,19,21,22
23,24,25,26,27
28,29,30,31,32
33,34,35,36,37
Einhorn M. B.
.38,39,41,42,43,
44,45,46,47,48,
50,51,52,53,54,
55,56,57,58,61,
62,63,64,65,66,

15,75,77,85,86,
87,88,89,90,96
1082, 1339, 1340
Feld B. T.
Felsager B.
Feneuille S.
Ferber
Fermi E.
Eldridge J.A. 78
Eldridge o.c. 153
Ferrari E.
Ferreira L. P.
Elizer C.J. 138 Ferrell R.A.
Ellis J. 1295,1341,1709
Ellis S.D. 855
Englert F.
Epstein K.J.
Erber T.
Erickson w.
Everett A.E.
Ezawa Z.F,
Fiertz M.
856,876,1083,1084,
1085,1342,1343,1542 Fidecaro M.
240 FieeniC.
207 Filcher J.
521 Filk T.
1595 Finkelstein D.
717,877,878,879,1010, Finkelstein R.J.
1086,1345,1346,1543,
1544,1545,1546,1547 Finkler P.
309,437
1550,1724
494
91
92,101
137 , 1087 , 1 34 S
1303
208

992,1518
40,164
133
955
1723
1537,1551
1352
165
697
Finocchiaro G. 133
F
Fadeev C.D. 718,880
Pairlie D.B. 708
Palik D. 1347,1348,1548
Parhoosh H. 1549
Farwell R.S. 1524,1525
Pateev V.A. 806
Pehsenfeld F. 153
Feinberg E.L. 1621
I, (, .:
_.. I ::( ':
Fi te W.F.
Fischer J.
Fischer W.
Fi tz H.C.
FloisohGr R. L.
Floratos E. G.
Flowers J. W.
153
360,361,555,
992
856
113
.)10,311,312,
.31.3,.364,)65,
366,375,438,
439,719
1295
440
Flyvbjerg H. 1552
Ford K. VI. 99,119,150,152,560
Porgacs P. 1725,1726
544
Fradkin E. 1350,1351
Frampton P.H. 720,121,881,882,
1088,1555
Franca H.M. 1553
Frank I.M.
Frank V.A.
102,120,124,300,
73Y', 1353,1554
968,1210
Frankel s. 359
Frauenfelder H.623
Frazier K. 722
Frenkel A. 723,883,1089,1090,
1091
Freund P. G. o. 603,681,682,704,
1354,1355
Friedel J. 483
Friedlander M.W. 724
Friedman J.L. 1356,1556,1727
Friedman K.A. 884
Frohlich H. 209
Frohlich J. 1520
Frolov A.M. 354
Fronsdal C. 725
Fryberger D. 1728,1729,1730
Fujii T. 159,389
Fustero X. 1092,1)04
G
Gaemers K.J.F. 1295
Gaillard J.M. 1723
Galaktionov Yu.U. 1723
Galli tski V. M. 885,1358
Galvao C.A.P. 949
Gambini R .. 1557,1731,
1732
Gamblin R.L. 314
Ganssauge E. 315
Garwin L.J. 1093
Garwin R.L. 1093
Gautier P.
Gavrilova N.N.
109
955
Geillard M.K. 1295
Gerstein S.S.
Gervais J. L.
Giacomelli G.
Giallard M.K.
Giambiagi J.J.
Gi b bons G. W.
Gilman F.J.
Gilmer R.E.
Ginzburg I.F.
1723
886,887,1094.
1517
133,612,726,
727,1065,1321
1357,1558
1709
854,
1095
1559
341,412
550,695
Glashow S.L. 728
Gliozzi F.
Goddard P.
1359,1734
1096,1360,1361,1362
Goebel C.J. 316,367,603,681,682
6 1 4 ~ g ~ ~ u.w. ,)'9
Golden R. L. 684,828,832
Gustafson H.R.
Guth A.H.
H
696
864,1020, 156
1736
Goldhaber A.S. 188,368,441,729,888, Hagen C.R.
889,890,918,1097,1098,
189,892,893
733,772,966,
1104
1138,1257.., 1703 Hagstrom R.
Gomberoff L. 442
Good W.B. 113
Goodel H.G. 311,313,365,366
Gopala Rao A. V. .1560
Goto E.
Graziani F.
Green P. J.
114 , 1 51 , 1 52
1293,1294,1495,1496
241 ,242
Greensite J.P. 1561,1562,1735
Greiaen K. 210
Greub W. 730,1099
Gribov V. 1100,1101
Grivaz J.P. 1709
Gronblom B.O. 10
Gross D. 1056,1317,1318
Gryzinski M. 495
Gu Chao-Hao 1102,1103
Gue-Molin 1541
Guo Shuo-Hong 1164
Gurevich I.I. 317,369,370,416,
443,444,484,496,
497
..
Gursey F. 732,891
Hague M.B.
Hajichek P.
Han. M. Y.
211
1737
371,445
Handoo B.B. 1696
Hanni R.S. 894
Harish-Chandra 71
Harrison H. 153
\
Hart F.X. 1364
Hart H.R. 311,312,364,
365,375,438,
439
Hasenfratz P. 895,896,897,
1368
Hasslacher B. 622
Heaviside o. 1
,Hegedues S. 1363
Henley E.M. 623
Herzog R.F.K. 70,73,90
Heymann F.F. 372
Hietarinta J. 898
Higatsberger M.J. 90
Hilton H.H. 869
Hirata K.
Hirayama M.
HO Bo-Yu
Ho Bo-Yuan
Hoanig E.
Horrman H.
Horrman L.
Honda M.
Honig E.
. 1 t Hoort G.
Horn D.
Hornbostel J.
1366,1563,1564,1565, Hrasko P.
1566,17.38
1105,1106,1107,1367
1567,1573 Hruby J.
1573 Hsien Ting-Chang
561
110,1369,1569
130,147,148,346
Hsu J.P.
1370,1571,1572 Hu He-Sheng
707 Huang K.
625,626,627,734,895, Hubbard E.L
899,900,1108,1109,
1371,1568 Huerta R.
1707 Hughes R. J.
,
159,389 Hungerford E.V.
Horndeski G.W. 1372
Horne C.P. 1249
Hurst C.A.
Horsley
Horvath z.
Horvathy P.A.
Hosoda M.
Hosotani Y.
Hosoya A.
Hou Bo-Yu
Houston P.
Hoyer E.H.
. Howard R.
1326,1327
535,901,902,903,904,
905,1112,"1113,1114,
1115,1373,1374,1570,
1725,1726
1746
1110,11 f1 ,1375
1741
628,735,1116
1465,1677
1574,1739,1742,1743,
1744
341,412
629
I
Ichiyanagi M.
Ikeda M.
Inomata A.
Isakov A. I.
Isbell W.M.
Ishida J.
Ishikawa K.
Ivanenko D. D.
Iwata S.
723,88),906,
1089, 1 091 , 111 i ,
1118,1287,1376,
1491
1377,1740
1392,1464,1466,
1575,1676
630,736,737,738'
739,907,908,
1119,1120,1121,
1378,1379
1103
909,1122
364
1576
1577,1578
740
268,269
1579
1123
415,483,591,
1380
354
117
628,135,1116
910,1125
741
992
J
Jackiw R.
Jackson J. D.
Jacob M.
Jacobs I.S.
742,911,912,913,1531,
1719,1748,1749,1750
I
212,743,1126
~ 7 t ' 5 5 8
311,312,313,365,366,
375
Jacobs L. 914
Jang Pong Soo 1128,1365,1381,1382,
1580
Jarlskog C.
Janik R.
Janis A. I.
Jehle H.
Jersak J.
1295
479,532,533,599,600,
669,1011,1029
373
270,447,499,500,744,
1129,1130,1131
1132,1133
Jette A.D. 318
Jevicki A.
Jones C.E.
Jones L. W.
Jordan P.
631,745
697
696,1134
13
Joseph A. 501
Ju I.
Julia B.
Julier M.
1383
632,746
125
K
Kaempffer F.A.
Kadanoff L. P.
Kalb M.
192,193
1384
B84.915
1135,1385,1386,
1387,1581,1582
Kalman G. 916
Kamat R. V.
Kamata M.
Karlsson L.
Kartsev V. P.
Kassner J. L.
Katz R.
Kawai T.
Kaye M.
Kazama Y.
1136,1388
1137,1389
633
271,319
113
121,139,190,191
1123
1062,1320
917,918,1138,
1139, 1140, 1141 ,
1142, 1143, 1390
Keihu R.M. 1144
Kelly R.L.
KeMotin
Kerner E.H.
Kerner R.
Kessler P.
1249
875
374
747,1145,1324,
1583, 1 584, 1585
1295
Khakimov C.Kh. 295,317,369,370
416,444,446,484
496,497,506,507
509
Kharchenko V.F. 1587
Khlebnikov V.I. 919
"Khlopov M.Yu. 1474,1698
Khokhlachev S.B.
Kibble T.W.E.
Kiera M.
Kiman Nam
King J.
Kirzni ts D. A.
Kiselev V. V.
Kiskis J.
Kittel c.
Klein o.
Kleinert H.
Klimo P.
1250,1251
1751
1132,1133
920
921
J
263,293,294
1391
634

1148
748
235
564
502
I
635
1149
1038,1039
Krall N.A.
Kripfganz J.
Krolikowski W.
Kruglov S.I.
Kubar-Andre J.
Kukanov A. B.
152
,
1295
922,1586

993,1753
414,537
273,376,433,
450,451
Kunselman A.R. 404
Kuo Han-Ying 1261,1262,1470,
1471 ,1687
Kuo Shuo-HUng 1392,1575
Kuo T.T.S. 565
Kupiainen A. 1153,1154
KurczynSki M. 566
Kurochkin yu.A. 1155
Kursunoglu B. 213,567,636,
749,923,924
Kyriakopoulos E. 925
Klotz A.H.
Kobayashi M.
Kobiske R.A.
Kogut J.
Kollar D. 479,532,533,599,
600,669,1011,1029 Kutyuar K. 452
Kollarova L. 479 , 532 , 533 , 599 , 600, ,
Kolomensky A.A.
669,1011,1029
152,244,272,320,
375,448
140
Komarov L.I. 1150
Konopel'chenko B.G.1151,1152
Konopleva N.P.
Kovacs E. 1752
,
Kox A.J. 449
Kozakai H. 111 0 , 1111 , 1 3.75
Kuvshinov V. I. 1156
Kuz'michev V.E. 1587
Kyriakopoulos E. 1157,1158,1588
1589
L
Lacy J. L.
Lahana M.D.
Lake T. W.
Lam C.S.
684,828,832
485,486
1159
1032,1276
Langacker p.
Lanyi G.
Lapiedra R.
Lapidus I.R.
f,888%'ides G.
Leal Ferriera ::r.
Lebnert B.
Lebrun J. P.
'Lee B.W.
Lee Hua-Chung
Lee S.
Lee Tze-Ping
Lee W. Y.
Leen M. W.
Leinaas J.M.
Lei ter D. J.
Leng H.R.
Levashov A.E.
1754
1160,1161 ,1162
1092
126
15.32,1755,1756,
1757
1050
167,245
116.3
926
1392,1575
855
1.393
359
141,142
568,927 ,1394,
1.395,1550,1724
246,.377
60
,
154,2.31
Levman G.M. .378
Levy-Leblond J.M. 548
Leznov A.N.
Libby L.M.
Li Hua-Zhong
Linson L.
Lipkin H. J.
Llewellyn S.C.H.
Lohe M.A.
Longo M.L.
1396,1590,1758
379

214
321
1295
1165,1397,1591
- :.'.' .... -.
Lubkin E.
Lugo V.A.
Luo Liao-Fu
Lu Tan
Lykken J.D.
M
155,.380,454,
1166
928,1167
1168,1451

669,1011,1029
1168,1451
1759
Maciejko R. 1398
Mack G.
. Madore J.
Maetzler C.
Magg M.
Magruder S.F.
1592
1169,1170,1337,
1399
929,930
1132,1133,1755
1400,1401
.Mahanthappa K.T. 504,505,569,637
Mainland G.B.
Maison D.
1171,1172
932,1176,1760
Majernik V. 9.33
Majumdar S.D. 382
Makagava N.
Makarina L.A.
Malin S.
Malkin I.A.
Malkus W. V.R.
Maltsev V,M.
Malvin A.
1593
416,484,496,
497
547
41),455
100
247
322
Mamidzhanyan E.A.263,293,294,
1621
Mandelstam s.
Manfredini A.
Man'ko V. I.
Manolin A.
Manton N. S.
Marchildol'\, L.
Marciano W.J.
Margolin A. E.
Marinov M.S.
Marion J.B.
Marmo G.
Martemjanov V.P.
Mas L.
Massey J. S:,.
JlIateos J.
JlIatinyan S. G.
Matsui T.
Matsumoto H.
'150,934,1402,1594 Meledian G.V.
130,147,148,346 Melvin M.A.
I
413,455 Mensky M.B.
1148 Mergelian 0. s.
1173, 117.4 , 1175, 1403
Michel L.
1595
752,935,936,1177, Micu M.
1404,1405
550,695
103
1597
157
938,1182,1183,
1184
939,1185
~ g l i e t t e F. 1598
1178
!
849
753
Mignani R.
1489,1490,1706
295,317,369,370,416,
444,446,457,484,496,
497,506,507,509
1092,1304
I Mikhailov V.F.
1364
571,572,573,
578,638,639,
651,652,653,
755,756,757,
758,759,780,
781,940,941,
969,970,971,
1078,1079,1186,
1187,1188,1189,
1330,1331,1410,
1411,1412,1762
942,1600
Miller D.T. 460
1306
1621
j
1761
937
I
Milton K.A.
Minami M.
Mirman R.
Mischke R.E.
943,981,1413
1601,1602,1763
215
Matteuzzi C. 1709
359
317,369,370,
416,444,484,
496,497 .
Mattoli M.
Mavrychev YU.S.
Mayer S.
McGuire P.
McIntosh H. V.
McKeon G.
Mecklenburg W.
---
1079
383,456,570
1356
731,754
248,274,323,381,
Mishakova A. P.
Misheloff M. N. 697
Misner Ch. W. 111
Mitchell T.P. 275
458 Mitskevich N.V. 459
1179,1406,1407,1408,
1596 Moffat J.W. 694
1180,1409,1599 Monastyrsky M.I. 640,761,762
Montonen c. 1190,1191
Moore S.M.
Moshe M.
Moshir M.
Mottola E.
Mukhtarov A. I.
Murai N.
Murashova V. A.
Murzin V.S.
Myerson. R.
N
Nadeau G.
Nagy M.
Nahm W.
Nakagawa N.
Nambu Y.
Narain K.S.
Nauenberg u.
Neinast R.A.
Neri F.
y ..
Nesie D.
Neveu A.
Newmeyer I. L.
1603 Nezrick F.A. 357,358,430,
1295
1192
1414,1415,1604,
160,
431,551,552,
611,612,613,
614,615,699,
700,701,860
.324
Ni Guan-Jiong 1328
510
325,354,355,428
1606
Nichols G.E. 438,439
Nielsen H.B. 575,1619,1620
Nierenberg W.A. 112
I
1038,1039 Nieto M.M. 441
Nigam B.P. 819
I
127
933
1416, 1417 , 1607 ,
1698,1609,1610,
1611,1764,1765,
1766
1612,1613
Nikolski S. I.
Niyazova E.N.
Novello M.
Nuyts J.
o
641,642,643,946, Oberlack H.
1193,1194,1195,
1196,1197,1418,1419,
1614,1615 O'Brien D.P.
1616,1617 Ocharkin V.S.
---
644,947 O'Connell R.F.
1618 Odian A.
1051,1052,1309,1310,
1.311,1313,1314,1513,
1514,1515,1516,1711,
. 171.2 ogurtsov v. v.
1302,1505
622,887,1071 Oh C.H.
384',461,462,463,477,
511,512,513 Ohmura T.
,-
-.. ' ....
1621
324
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708,1055,1096,
1278,1483,1484
711
1180, 1409, 1599
416
326
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370,416,444,
484,496,497
1420,1421,1422
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Okhapkin v.s.
Okulov YU.I.
Olive D.I.
Olesen P.
Opat G. I.
Opher R.
O'Raifeartaigh
Ore F.,Jr.
Orfanidis S. J.
osborn H.
Osborn w. Z.
OSnes E.
otgonsuren O.
Ozaki S.
" Page L.
Pagels H.
Pal R.
Palla L.
L.
950
Plamer R.F. 276
484,496,497 Pant D.N. 514,522,523
168,169,170,185, papastamatiou N.J.
937
186,187,206,237,
rue ;Pt:\ ; ~ I:U::I n.
708,866,867,868, parida
B.K.
951,1096,1190,
1191,1360,1361, Parisi G.
1424,1425,1623,
1624,1625,1626, Parisi J.
1627,1628
Park Soo yong
575,645,1619,1620
. - ~ - .-
952
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1347 , 1348 , 1548"
Parke S.
938,953,1182,1183,
1184,1199,1200,1426,
1427,1574,1629,1630,
P
1739,1742,1743,1744
954
Parker E.N.
932,1176 Pa)t"ker L.
1631,1632 Parker B.
385,776,778,966, Parnell D.R.
1431,1636
565
Parsa Z.J.
955
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A.
466,1201,1202,1428,
1633 patrascioiu A.
Pavlovic P.
20 '
214,752,935,936,956,
1046,1177,1301,1404 "
382
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901,902,903,904,905,
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1726 . Peccei R.D.
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1231
647,765,1429
1295
1128,1365,138"
1382,1580
646,957,1203,
1432
865,1071
327,328,386
766,1149,1356
1576
121
1177 , 1204 , 1 634
767,768,958
959,1205
769,770,960,
1206
479,532,533,
599,600,669,
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1709
Pellas P.
Penney R.
Perelomov A.M.
P&reliYi3in V. P.
Perepelitsa V.F.
Peres A.
Perrier P.
Perry M. J.
Peskin M.
Pestov A.B.
. Petkova V. B.
:petrera s.
petry H.R.
Petukhov V. A.
Pi S.-Y.
Picasso E.
Pietenpol L.
Pinsky L.S.
Pintacuda N.
Pistilli P.
Poincare H.
Polyakov A. M.
Popov V.N.
Porter N.A.
Post E. J.
Potupa A.S.
Pradhan T.
955
171
640,761.762

1208
249,277
771
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321,466
467,1430
1592
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610,726
730
156,193,287,325,
354,576
I
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Prasad M.K.
Preskil J. P.
Primack J. R.
577
775,962,1635
1637,1638

365,366,375,438,
439,776,778,779,
963,964,965,966,
1431,1636
829,1035,1053,
.1054,1315
Prokhvatilov E.V. 968,1210
Prokoshkin Yu.D. 1723
Pron'ko G.P. 1300,1502
Protogenov A.P.
Purcell E. M.
R
Rabl A.
Rainich
1211
159,389
330,331
5
Rajasekavan G.
772,776,778,1431,
. 1636 Rajput B.S.
126
967
390,577,646,957,
1203,1432
158 __ -
410,598
Ramachandran R. 687,688,689,833,
834,835,?36,925,
1037,1212,1213,
1 21 4, 1 21 5 , 1 284, .
. 1286
3
648,649,774
503
Ramana Murthy P.V. 515
Ramsey N.F.
128,278
.
650 Rautian S. G.
279,280,281,329, Raval V.M.
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1209
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1433
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p

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E.
Reeger E.
Reignier J.
Rekalo M. P.
Repka G.A. ,Jr.
Rev M. V. S.
Ricci M.
Richard J. L.
Riegert R. J.
Riva F.
Robinson A. L.
Roche J.A.
Rodney P.F.
Rohrlich F.
Romano G.
Romanov V. N.
1199,1218,1219,1220,
1221,1426 . Rossi A.M.
726
859
Rossi P.
911,913,1639

639,651,652,653,755,
756,757,758,780,781,
969,970,971,1222
1224,1225,1226,
1227 , 1434,1640
74,75,85,87
1295
602,672
404
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1598
556
972
1043,1044
782
239
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217
347,610,726
1223
I
Roth R. 1228
Roy S.K. 138
Ruan TU-Nan 1458
Ruark A.E. 113
Ruck H.M. 1641
Rudaz S. 1704
Ruderman M.A. 322,333,693,848
Ruffini R. 731,894
Rund H. 1229,1230
Rupertsberger H. 605,606,686,687,
688,833,834,835,
836 , 1 037 , 1 284 ,
1285
Russell R.J. 685
J. 479,532,533,599,
600,669,1011,
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. Romanova T. S. 1150
Rosen J.
Rosenbaum D.
Ross D.A.
Ross D.K.
Ross R.R.
Rzazewski K.
581
s
218,973
896,897,1295,1368
332,654
Sachrajda C. T.
292,341,342,343,345,
412;436,559,579,710,
711,714,974,975 Safonov V.P.
469,516
1295
1217
saha M.N.
Sskita B.
11 ,79 '
886
Schnupp P.

Schoufeld J.P.
Salam . A. '. 21 9 I Schrempp B.
Salama Sit
Salim J. M.
Samoj loy A. V.
Samuel S.
Sandars P. G. H.
Sarkin R. D.
Sastry G.P.
Satikov I.A.
Savelei v M. V.
Savi t R.
Sawada T.
Sawyer c.
Sayed W.A.
Schaposnik P.A.
Schatten. K.H.
Schechter J.
1557,
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,
354
.
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220 i Schwinger J.
1121
1231
1645 Scott D.M.
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Seiler E.
1339,1340
Senjanovic P. I.
582,583,655,656,
183,184,916,1232,
1431,1646,1438,1110
651
1641
811,911
392
Serbo V. G.
Sestilli I.
Sey.f.ferth S.
Shabashov M.P.
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8
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Shankar R.
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112
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600,669,1011,1025
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1151
983,984
Schechter M.
Schedling J.A.
S.cherk J.
Schi.f.f H.
Schiff L. I.
Schli tt D. W.
1114,1115
12,80,93,95
811,1915
14.39
Shanmugadhasan S. 104
Schnei der H.
171,194,222,252,520
1440
841
Sharma S.P.
Shepard H.K.
985
1113
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Shirk E.K.
Shkol fnikov P. L.
Sidorova V. I.
. Sijacki D.
Sikivie P.
Singh L.P.
Singh R.N.
Singh V.
Sinha A.
Sinha K.P.
Sivaram C.
Sivers D.
Skagerstam B.S.
Slad L.M.
Smirnov G. I.
Smit N.I.
Smith J.
Smolyakov N. V
. '-
Sniatnicki J.
Snyder R .
Soares I. D.
Sokolov v. V.
So16viev L.D.
Sommerfield C.M.
Soo D.
Sorkin R.D.
360,361 Spiegelglas M. 1288,1492
,
776,778,966,1431,
1636 Staruszkiewicz A. 1653
994,1778 Stefanski R.
532,533,599,600, Steinman 0.
669,1011,1029
Stellrecht H.H
1302,1505
1442,1443,1444,1445
557
391
986,1233
Stephens S. A.
Stern A.
987,1234,1235,1446
, Stetsenko S.G.
584,1651
584,1651
395,396
1489;1490,1706
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.1217
293,294
729
1776
--
659
988
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Stevens D.M.
Stix M.
stone M.
Stora R.
Strauss B. P.
strax N.
Strazhev V.I.
1236,1237 Strnad J.
,
1300,1502 strocchi F.
775,962,1071 .Strominger' A.
1296,1501 Stump D.R.
1238,1556
Sugai I.
205
1654
341,412
684,828,832
1036,1037,1239,
1240,1284,1285,
1286,1489,1490,
1705
955
555,585,992
662
1448,1449,1450
1241
551,552,611,613,
700,701,860,1065
1321
173,174,195
250,279,280,281,
283,329,387,388,
397,398,399,471,
472,473,517,518,
519,586,587,588,
660,661,398,790,
791,792,793,794,
795,993,994,1156
1 645 , 1 753 , 1 778
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1759
909,1122,1655,
1656,1657,1658
141
Sugawara H.
Suh P.K.
v
Sulek P.
Susskin L.
Suura H.
N. V. V. J.
Swank J.H.
Swank L. J.
997,998,999 Tayler R.J.
521 Tchrakian D. H.
479,532,533,599
600,1011 Teitelbboim C.
'49'
r:vel'lHw
1350,1351 Teplitz D.C.
619 Teplitz V. L.
1682 Teramoto Yoshiteru
709,796,797,798
Tereschenkov V. I.
709,796,797,798,
872 Ter Haar D.
1000
1452,1453,1661,
1662,1781
1047

1518
15'18
1243
800,1001,1244,
1663
916
Syreischikova T.l. 325,354,355,428 Teutsch W.B. 153
T
Takabayasi T.
Takasugi E.
Tamm 19.
Tanaka K.
Tanikawa Y.
Tarakanov N. M.
Tarasenkov V. G.
Tarkhanian R. G.
Tassie L. J.
Tats.ru-Mihai P.
Tauzin P.
Taylor, J. D.
Taylor J. G.
122
898;1171,1172
8,124,300,799
898,1171,1172
1242
Tevikyan R. V.
Thebaud L.R.
. Thomas G. H.
Thomas P.R.
Thomsen D.E.
Thomson J.J.
Thorndike A.
317,369,370,416, Tipapegui E.
444,484,496,497
Tipler F. J.
295;317,369,370,
444,484,496,497 Tiwari R.
474
196,590,663
1659,1660,1779
97
. Tolkachev E.A.
Tolmachev V.
Tomaras T.N.
Tomboulis E.
341,342,412,559, Tomil'chik L.M.
710,711
254,255,276,284,
335
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228,229,230,256,
257,802
1002
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1448 , 1449 , 1450
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522,523
1155,1665
442
1538
1004, 1493, 1494
160,175,197,250,
279,280,281,283,
329,387,475,524,
586,587,691,692,

1005,1006,1155,
1178,1244,1245,
1246,1663,1665,
1666,1667
Tompkins D.R.
Toneya T.
TouCl CHl1n t D.
Trautamn A.
Trefil J.S.
-Trias A.
Tri-nkala M. J.
Trippe T. G.
Troost w.
Trower W.P.
Tsai B.
Tsou Sheng-Tsun
Tu Tung-Sheng
TUan S.F.
TUcker R.W.
TUkish E. I.
Turkot F.
Tuve M.A.
Tyburski L.
Tye S.H.H.
Tyupkin YU.S.
Tyutin I. V.
Tze H.C.
Tzu Tung-pei
176,198,199,336,
402,403,404,476,
804
1668
, 007 , 247 1 722
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u
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urrutia L.F.
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461,411,512,513
1731,1732
591,805,1380
1249
1008,1009,1455,
1486,1671'
uto H.
v
Vainstein A. I.
Vanderhaeghe G.
1243
937
1460,1461,1613
285,325,354,355,
356,428,433,525,
526,576,592,593,
594,665
410,598
851
130,147,148,346
360,361,555,992
91
1456,1669,1747
Van Niewenhuizen P. 948
-1262,1458,1469,
1672
1336
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1621
Vannini G.
Vant-Hull L. L.
Vasi lenko A. T.
Vecchia P. D.
126
286
1011
1674
159,389
Venkatavaradan V.S. 808
9
1555
1563,1136,1782
806,1223
664
venturi G.
Vergeles S.N.
Veselago V. G.
Viehbock
Villa F.
717,817,878,819, Villarroel D
1010, 1 086 ,11 05,
1361
1459
Vinciarelli P.
809,870,811,812,
1012
1250,1251
258
90
448
1013,1014,1074,
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Viswanathan K.S.
Vol tz H.
Vonsovskii s. V.
Vorontsov V. !.
Vysin v.
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Wadas_ R.
Wadia S.R.
Wali K.C.
Walker R.M.
Wang C. L.
Wang Ke-:.Lin
Wang Ming-Chung
Wang M. Y.
Wang Pe;
Wang Yun-Kong
watt R. D.
Weaver D.L.
Weder R.
Weinberg E. J.
Weinberg s.
Weingarten D.
Weinzierl P.M.
Weisenberg W.I.
528
1675
134
595,596
154,2"
1462
666
886,1255
Weiss N.
Weldon H.A.
Wentzel G.
Wheeler J.A.
Whi te M. G.
Wiehr E.
Wiik B. H.
Wilcox J.M.
687,688,8)),8)4,
835,938,1128,1182,
11 84 , 1 365 , 1381 , 1382 ,
1580
719
410
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Wilkinson D.
1463,'1464,1466,1676
1463 Wilson H.A.
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1677
Wilsow L. W.
Windey P.
1465
Winterberg F.
292,341,342,343,345,
412,-436,579 Witten E.
1019
1678,1774,1775
Woo G.
864,1020,1679,1680,
1783 !.
200
597
90
321
Woods R.T.
WU Yong-Shi
Wu T. T.
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1445
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232,408
99,111,119,12),
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.1296,1501
662
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529
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1258,1259,1468,
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81
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876,1084,1542
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1261 , 1 262 , 1470,
1471,1687
337,816,1022,
1023,1024,1260,
1469,1672
Wu yong T. 981
Wyld R. W.
x
X'ia Da9""Xinli
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y
Yaffe L.G.
Yakimenko M. N.
Yakovlev V. I.
Yamaguchi Y.
Yamanouchi T.
Yan Tung-Mow
Yang C.N.
Yang Chen-Wing
Yee J.R.
yerlykin A. D.
Yildiz A.
Yock P.C.M.
Yongdul Kim
yonyea T.
yoshida H.
Young K.
Yuan L. C. L.
yueh W.R.
1025 z
Zadoo T.K. 1696,1697
Zanon D. 1043,1044
HifJa
1164
Zavaaa J.M.F.,Jr. 5"
1784,1785
156,287,325,354,
355,428,576
338,339
478,530
Zee A.
Zeldovich
Zheleznykh
Zia R.K.R.
Zimmermann
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Ya.B.
I.M.
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D.
359
233,259,260,288
Zolotarev M.S.
Zrelov V. P.
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917,918,1022,1023,
1024,1026,1102,1138,
1141,1260,1263,1264,
1265,1469,1472,1473,
1689,1690,1691,1692,
1693,1786
1672.-
1675
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-
1076,1325
I
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Zumino B.
Zwanz iger D.
921
1266,1267,1268,1270,
1694,1695
1123
1028, 1 312, 1710
I
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667,668,818
632,746
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266,303,304,305
1699
1549
1700
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289,479,532,599,
6 0 0 6 6 ~ 1 0 1 1
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201,290,291,322,
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