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How to Calculate Centrifugal Force

By Allan Robinson, eHow Contributor
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Centrifugal force is the apparent outward force that acts on an object moving in a circle. The use of the term "apparent" is important in this definition because centrifugal force is a virtual force that does not actually exist. While centrifugal force appears real to the object being accelerated, it is merely the effect of accelerating in a circle. Centrifugal force may be calculated when the mass and velocity of the object are known as well as the radius of the circle in which it is traveling.
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Instructions

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Set the terms for the problem. S is an arc of the circle that the object is traveling in, V is the velocity, R is the radius of the circle and t is time. Establish the basic formula for force. Newton's second law of motion defines force as F = ma where F is force, m is mass and a is acceleration.
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Determine the acceleration of an object moving in a circle. As the change in the arc S (also known as delta S) approaches zero, the change in the velocity's direction (delta V) approaches zero as well. We therefore have (delta S)/R = (delta V)/R which means V (delta S) = R (delta V). Dividing both sides by delta t, we now have V (delta S/delta t) = R (delta V/delta t). Since velocity is defined as delta S/delta t and acceleration is defined as delta V/delta t we now have V^2 = Ra. Therefore a = V^2/R. How to Calculate Relative Centrifugal Force

4 5

Substitute the value of a obtained in step 3 for a in the equation of step 2. Since F = ma and a = V^2/R, we now have F = mV^2/R. Use the equation in step 4 to solve a specific centrifugal force problem. A 0.8 kilogram mass on the end of a 1.5 meter string is traveling at 9 meters per second. The force that must be exerted on the string to hold on to the mass is given by 0.8 x 9^2 / 1.5 = 43.2 newtons.
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4/4/2013