Speech and Oral Communication Handout # 1 ORAL DRILL (VOWELS) A.

High Front Vowel / i / - The front of the tongue, is raised toward the hard palate, forming high tense arch. The lips are spread in a smiling position so that there is a narrow opening between the teeth. The sound is usually long. Initial - eat, era, eel, eon, eve, Easter, even, ease, easy, eagle, eaves, eerie, Egypt, eke, equal, Aeneas, ego, evening Medial - teen, keen, neat, beat, antecedent, secret, senior, decent, league, supreme, trapeze, unique, zero, yeast, xenon, wheat, weasel, remedial Final - key, tee, pea, pee, see, she, sea, he, wee, lea, fee, peewee, prcis, vis--vis, three, ennui Phrases: police beat her secret peaceful Easter eve each thesis Sentence: On a peaceful Easter eve, he heard the eerie sound of the sea. B. Lower High Front Vowel / I / - The front of the tongue is raised toward the hard palate forming a high, lax arch (low-high) slightly lower than for / i /. The lips are less spread in a smiling position and there is slightly more space between the teeth. This is usually a short sound. Initial - it, is, impact, image, itch, imp, inch, ink, into, inborn, Italy, erotic, English, emeritus, idiom, evolve, emerge, elope, equestrian Medial - tin, kill, lick, flint, mist, tryst, fist, think, fill, since, accurate, cabbage, fountain, mountain, zigzag, women, vigorous, village, villain, vineyard Final - tyranny, Tuesday, easy, city, baloney, safari, cherry, chutney, country, finale, effigy, fury, ecology, dairy, daily, equity Phrases: deeply miss him pick the disk some English women certain marriages Sentence: The circuit breaker is an automatic switch for overloaded current. Filipino business women have made impact on industry. Exercise No. 1 Direction: Your teacher will read a series of words and you have to identify whether the word used /I/ or /i/ phonemes. Write the symbol only. C. Lower Mid Front Vowel / / - The front of the tongue forms an arch midway toward the hard palate. Initial - elm, ever, any, end, edge, ensign entry, ember, epic, envoy, energy, Aeschylus, edit, elocution, eloquent, extra, engineer, aerial, aeronautics Medial - ten, wed, deck, Nobel Prize, deaf, bet, bury, canary, ceremony, cleanse, chef, cleanliness, February, genuine, leopard, parent, jester, vocabulary, realm, says, twenty Phrases: any question deadly weapons aesthetic sense essay test Sentence: Many sent questions to the editor. Emy is a very eloquent speaker. D. Higher Mid Front Vowel / e / Initial - A, aim, apex, eight, ale, ail, age, ache, Abe, Abraham, Avon, Asia, acre, agency, agent, alias, alien Medial - make, mail, babe, wade, phase, Beethoven, rebate, debate, Plato, peignoir, beige, waiver, navel, radium, Rachel, paste Final - fianc, tete-a-tete, pince-nez, ballet, dismay, crochet, away, sachet, lei, attach, survey, sway, parquet, soiree, saut, stray Phrase: alien with an alias an ace skater Father Abraham Beethovens etude Sentence: He played a lovely etude on the piano.

Exercise No. 2 Direction: Write the IPA symbol (/i/ , /I/ , /e/, or / /) that represents the capitalized letter/s in each word below.

1. tApe 2. lEAp 3. carrIAge 4. meatY 5. dEAf

6. bEAker 7. amAze 8. dEck 9. militAry 10. artIllery

11. Age 12. whEAt 13. urAnium 14. chEAper 15. jEOpardy

E. Low Front Vowel // - The front of the tongue is a little tense, raised slightly owards the hard palate. The jaw is opened wider than for / / but not as long as / a /. Initial - ax, at, an, ant, asp, add, Alice, arrow, after, attitude, accent, ash, ass, alum, amethyst, anchor, axis, anvil Medial - cat, cap, sap, latch, camouflage, sapphire, Mathematics, hat, sat, lack, sanction, assassin, calibrate, catsup, hanging, January, statue, Chopin Phrases: class clamp action and adventure bachelors degree last batch Sentence: Alice has a natural talent for acting. January is the lucky month for Adam. F. Low Central Vowel /a/ - The back of the tongue is raised very slightly. The sound is long. The lips are not round, the jaw is wide apart. Initial - arch, ark, are, art, arent arm, arson, olive, ocular, oblong, entre, encore, en route, archaic, a capella, almond Medial - car, tar, tart, hot, pot, farm, part, garbage, parliament, boudoir, topic, soiree, Xerox, mirage, entourage Final - sonata, bourgeois, schwa, patois, spa Phrases: pontiffs homily cargo of almonds and cigar asked for an encore Sentence: The faade of the British parliament is a marvelous work of art. The architects office had very opulent furnishings. Exercise No. 3 Direction: Your teacher will read a series of words and you have to identify whether the word used / / or /a/ phonemes. Write the symbol only. G. Mid Central Vowels /^/, / /, / / 1. /^/ (Short /a/ stressed syllable) Initial - us, up, umpire, ugly, umbra, ultimate, umbrella, upward, other Medial - front, cut, double, sometimes, Douglas, funny, butter, button /^/ vs. /a/ hut - hot jug - jog luck - lock cup - cop puppy - poppy 2. / / (Short /a/ unstressed syllable) Initial - alas, alike, align, acquire, upon, akin, alarm, aloof, occur, offend, alleviate, arena, alumna, anatomy, above, affair Medial - gazette, madam, subside, subsist, consist, heaven, havoc, bottom, circus, communication, command, correct, excavation 3. / /

Medial - percale, perceive, universe, perspective, perhaps, surpass, survey Final - actor, cleaner, character, doctor, dollar, honor, master, matter, mayor, factor, molar, color, burger, quarter, chapter, conductor H. Higher Low Back Vowel / / Initial - awe, all, or, orb, off, organ, Austria, Australia, Aurora, Oscar, orphan, author, August, orthodox, automatic, autism, auction Medial - wall, lawn, dawn, Paul, fall, jaunt, caught, thought, fought, boss, applaud, astronaut, shawl, vault, jaundice Final - law, claw, paw, raw, flaw, jaw Phrase: caught the fawn saw the flaw alter the auction date Sentence: The naughty boy caused the street brawl. He ordered pork sausage daubed with barbecue sauce. I. Mid Back Round Vowel /O/ Initial - oh, owe, old, ochre, oasis, overnight, owner, ovule, opal, opine, overcoat, opium, oatmeal, oath, ozone, only, oak Medial - bone, tone, pole, role, role, rode, soak, holy, Rome, locust, Mona Lisa, whole, hole, dosage, anecdote, baritone Final - Rousseau, volcano, Ohio, slow, ego, bureau, blow, hollow, patio, Joe Phrases: ode to romance local radio a melodious tone a grotesque program Sentence: Theres a load of coal in the boat. Joe plays the cello and the oboe. Exercise No. 4 Direction: Your teacher will read a series of words and you have to identify whether the word used /O / or / / phonemes. Write the symbol only. J. Lower Hugh Back Vowel /U/ Initial - oops, oomph, umlaut Medial - took, cook, shook, look, book, hook, nook, goodness, bush, rookie, Buddhism, footage, footnote, stood, hoop, ambush, buffet, contour, July, fulfill, gourmet, poor, bosom, should Phrases: pull the wool rug put the hood in place tourist bulletin Sentence: Butch is a good cook and a gourmet. He took the bundle, shook it vigorously, then pushed it away. K. High Back Round Vowel /u/ Initial - ooze, oozy, oodles Medial - cool, pool, shooed, boondocks, brood, brunette, conclude, crucify, doodle, doomsday, toupee, June, Jupiter, loose, rumor, ruby, fluorescence Final - emu, hue, cue, who, do, zoo, boo, bayou, tattoo, super, goose, rouge, tooth, truth Phrases: brand new two-seater coupe the ruthless intruder group routine Sentence: On Tuesday, youll receive your prize - a brand new two-seater Honda coupe. Exercise No. 5 Direction: Your teacher will read a series of words and you have to identify whether the word used / u / or / U / phonemes. Write the symbol only.