UMTS RNO Principles and Procedure

WCDMA RNP Objectives

The RF Design of wireless system revolves four main principles. These principles are Coverage Coverage, , Capacity Capacity, , Quality and Cost

Further, adapt to the future network development and expansion.

Coverage

Capacity Quality

Cost

A solution that base on a fair balance of all aspects via network planning

Difference between WCDMA and GSM

GSM

WCDMA
Realize 11 frequency reuse The capacity per WCDMA cell is soft soft for it is related to environment and neighbor cell interference. Supports multiple services with different speed d rate t and dQ QoS, S and d each h service i h has different coverage range.

Adopts cellular network structure and frequency planning to guarantee intra/inter-frequency interference Users supported can be calculated from carriers and timeslots if the interference meets the requirements. Provides a single voice service

384K

144K

64K

12.2K

RADIO NETWORK OPTIMIZATION

RF optimization will be an ongoing activity and will need to be revisited as traffic increases in the network and as new sites are deployed. In addition, as the network matures, the optimization process should be enhanced to take into account statistical data and key performance indicators collected throughout the network.

Network Optimization Phases Step 1

Single Site Verification To verify the functionality of every new site. Objectives To ensure there are no faults related to site installation or parameter settings.

Network Optimization Phases Step 2

RF Optimization Once all the sites in a given area are integrated and verified, RF (or Cluster) ( ) optimization p could begin. g Objectives To optimize coverage while in the same time keeping interference and pilot pollution under control over the target area. This phase also includes the verification and optimization of the 3G neighbor lists.

Network Optimization Phases Step 3

Services Testing & Parameters Optimization To be conducted in areas of good RF conditions in order to exclude any y coverage g issues. Such testing g does not need to be performed for each cell but the drive route must include different clutter types and environments. Objectives Obj i To assess the performance and identify any need for specific parameter optimization.

Network Optimization Phases Step 4

Regular Reference Route Testing & Stats Analysis Constant monitoring and evaluation of the network performance can be based on field testing g as well as network stats analysis. y Results of the regular analysis may necessitate re-visits to the RF optimization and/or parameters tuning. Objectives To identify any new issues that could arise, for example, as a result of increase in traffic or changes in the environment. environment

Single Site Verification

Purpose
The purpose of single site verification is by using Scanner + UE to:
Verify coverage (RSCP & Ec/Io) Verify scrambling codes Verify no installation faults y the base function Verify

RF Optimization General Targets

Item CPICH RSCP CPICH Ec/Io Active Set size (estimated) Target Minimum Target Minimum Target Max % Pilot pollution Threshold UE Tx power SHO Success rate Max Target 8 dB <15 dBm >95 % Requirements - 85 dBm -95 dBm -8 8 dB - 14 dB 3 < 10 % Comments Corresponds to outdoor measurements. Applicable A li bl f for unloaded l d d network. Based on scanner data data. % of time a cell is seen as a pilot polluter. polluter Relative to best server when cell is not in Active Set. Set Assuming 21 dBm max. For e1a e1a, e1b & e1c

RF Optimization Flow Chart

Drive Test Identify any RF Issues
Identify candidate cells for changes g Identify nature of required q changes g Determine amount of changes g

Implement changes N Repeat Drive Test Problem Resolved? Finish

Drive Test
Drive survey includes both a scanner and a UE in a continuous AMR call. The information must be taken both on the UE and the RNC. The drive test data analysis consists of:

poor coverage dominant cell pilot pollution neighbor list missing minimize interference other any RF-related drop call

Engineer Parameter Adjustment

When the data is analyzed by the engineer engineer, he can solve the problems found or improve either coverage or reduce interference by adjusting the following parameters. Antenna azimuth adjustment
Antenna Tilt adjustment Antenna location adjustment Antenna height adjustment Antenna replacement p Site replacement Add new cell

As for radio parameter changes in RF optimization phase, usually only the neighbor cell list is taken into consideration. consideration

Services Testing and Optimization

The purpose of service optimization is by using scanner + UE log, g RNC log, g statistics counters and KPI, MSC & SGSN log (if needed) to:
reduce access failure reduce d drop d call ll enhance service quality

Radio Parameter Adjustment

The parameters to be changed usually are:

Common control channel power allocation RL maximum i power intra-frequency handover inter frequency handover inter-frequency Inter-RAT Handover power control Access parameters Other related parameters.

RF Analysis Approaches Interference

CPICH Ec/Io Plot Good: G d Ec/Io E /I -8 8 dB Fair: -14 dB Ec/Io < -8 dB Poor: P E /I < - 14 dB Ec/Io

The -8 dB threshold takes into account the expected future interference increase as a result of increased traffic.

RF Analysis Approaches Interference

-14 -15 -16 -104 104 -17 -18 -19 19 -20 Ec/Io RSCP -15.5 - 90 - 95 - 100 - 105 - 110 - 115 - 120

Because the RSCP Level is POOR, the fundamental cause of low Ec/Io is POOR COVERAGE

RF Analysis Approaches Interference

-14 -15 -16 -17 -18 -19 -20 Ec/Io RSCP -15.5 -63 - 60 - 65 - 70 - 75 - 80 - 85 - 90

RSCP level is GOOD, this will imply strong SYSTEM INTERFERENCE

RF Analysis Approaches Drop Call

Drop Call Analysis - RF related issues : Poor coverage (RSCP & Ec/Io) g interference and hence poor p Ec/Io High Poor uplink coverage (insufficient UE Tx power) Poor dominance (best cell changes too frequently resulting in too many SHO events) Pilot pollution (too many cells present) Missing Mi i neighbors i hb Fast change of RF conditions (e.g. turning a corner, Elevator) SHO time starting from Measurement Report to Active setup update 2~3 sec. to increase the speed of SHO like decrease the time for trigger.

RF Analysis Approaches Drop Call

Drop Call Analysis Example 2

Ec/Io (and RSCP) degrades for UE ONLY while scanner shows no degradation

UE camp on new cell immediately after drop, and UE did not measure this cell before Drop

Call Drop
Check the Neighbor

RF Analysis Approaches Drop Call

Drop Call Analysis Example 3

Too many and too quick changes of best server

UE to perform measurements and SHO in time difficultly

Ping-Pong Handover, need to improve cell dominance

Call Drop

RF Analysis Approaches Pilot Pollution

Pil t Pollution Pilot P ll ti P Point i tD Define: fi

Not all points in the active set Within a certain margin of the best server( the margin is set to 5dB~8dB)

Cells which are frequently seen as polluters (e.g. >9% 9% time) should be marked and investigated. Pilot Pollution results should be used in conjunction j with the Estimated Active Set Size

RF Analysis Approaches Pilot Pollution

-60 -65 RSCP P (dBm) -70 -75 -80 85 -85 -90 SC1 SC2 SC3 SC4 SC5 SC6 Not Pilot Pollution -62 62 -64 Margin

-66

-68

-69 -81

Active Set

Pilot Pollution

RF Analysis Approaches Pilot Pollution

SC 8 9 10 11 12 13 16 17 18 19 20 21 32 35 37 43 48 53 67 80 130 Count 206 165 157 156 148 135 95 94 76 74 73 56 54 39 33 19 8 7 3 2 2 % in P o llu tio n S et 12.9% 10.3% 9.8% 9.7% 9.2% 8.4% 5.9% 5.9% 4.7% 4.6% 4.6% 3.5% 3.4% 2.4% 2.1% 1.2% 0 5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.2% 0.1% 0 1% 0.1%

Should be investigated

RF Analysis Approaches Pilot Pollution

E ti t d A Estimated Active ti S Set t Size Si

Another useful measure of pilot pollution is by looking at the estimated active set based on the scanner data. This plot is obtained by modeling the network soft handoff parameters within Actix. In order to see areas of excessive SHO candidates, the estimated active set size is allowed to exceed maximum of 3, and the threshold to be included in the active cell is a difference in 5dB from the Best cell. This can be done in conjunction with the Pilot pollution analysis.

RF Analysis Approaches Pilot Pollution

Estimated Active Set Size Example

RF Optimization IUSACELL Targets

98.8% Accessibility: AMR success setup rate Accessibility: PS success connection rate Retainability : AMR call drop 2% Retainability: PS drop connection rate
Throughput UMTS= 5,5 Throuhgput CDMA por cluster

98% 1.2%

R Round1 d1 & Round2 R d2 Test T t Instruction I t ti

UMTS Round Round 1 Scanner Round 2 Static Scanner or GPS HSUPA Uplink UE2 : E182E Service Voice Short Call HSDPA FTP Download Long Session Voice Long Call HSDPA FTP Download Short Session HSDPA Downlink Test Tool UE1 : U1205 UE2 : E182E UE1 : U1205 UE2 : E182E UE1 : E182E Download Session Duration: 60S Download File Size: >1GB, 5FTP 5min, Average Rate>13MBps, Upload File Size: >1GB, 5FTP 5min, Average Rate>3MBps, Comments Voice Call Duration : 60S Download File Size: >1GB, 5FTP

Attention: tte t o Scanner Sca e a and dG GPS S shouldnt s ou d t be connected co ected with t PC C together. toget e

UMTS Round 1 Test Plan_Voice Short Call

Voice Short Call

Target

Accessibility: AMR success setup rate: >98.8% R t i bilit : AMR call Retainability ll d drop: <1.2% Accessibility: PS success connection rate: >98%

Basic Concepts

Work Flow

Preparation s

Scanne r

Test Instruction Page 29

Configure of UE

Test Plan

Attention

UMTS Round 1 Test Plan_FTP Download

HSDPA FTP Download Long Session

FTP Account

Host: 10.1010.2 User: Huawei Password: Huawei D Download l d th throughput h t PS DL: around 5Mbps

Target

Remark

Download file more than 1GB Open 5 FTP, FTP each FTP download a file more than 1GB

Basic Concepts

Work Flow

Preparation s

Scanne r

Test Instruction Page 30

Configure of UE

Test Plan

Attention

UMTS Round 2 Test Plan_Voice Long g Call

Voice Long Call

Basic Concepts

Work Flow

Preparation s

Scanne r

Test Instruction Page 31

Configure of UE

Test Plan

Attention

UMTS Round 2 Test Plan_FTP Download

HSDPA FTP Download Short Session

FTP Account

Host: 10.1010.2 User: Huawei Password: Huawei Accessibility: PS success connection rate: >98% Retainability: PS drop connection rate: 2%

Target

Remark

Download file more than 1GB Open 5 FTP, each FTP download a file more than 1GB

Basic Concepts

Work Flow

Preparation s

Scanne r

Test Instruction Page 32

Configure of UE

Test Plan

Attention

St ti T Static Test_HSDPA_Test t HSDPA T t Pl Plan

HSDPA FTP Download Long Session

FTP Account

Host: 10.1010.2 User: Huawei Password: Huawei D Download l d fil file more th than 1GB Open 5 FTP, each FTP download a file more than 1GB Sometimes could try download from web (Youtube)

Remark

Basic Concepts

Work Flow

Preparation s

Scanne r

Test Instruction Page 33

Configure of UE

Test Plan

Attention

St ti T Static Test_HSDPA_Print t HSDPA P i t S Screen

R Remark k

Try to find a place where the signal is good and CQI>27

Target g

Time>5min Average Transfer Rate>13mbps

Basic Concepts

Work Flow

Preparation s

Scanne r

Test Instruction Page 34

Configure of UE

Test Plan

Attention

St ti T Static Test_HSUPA_Test t HSUPA T t Pl Plan

HSUPA FTP Upload Long Session

FTP Account

Host: 10.1010.2 User: Huawei Password: Huawei L Local lU Upload l d fil file more than 1GB Open 5 FTP, each FTP Upload a file more than 1GB Sometimes could try upload to web (Yousendit)

Remark

Basic Concepts

Work Flow

Preparation s

Scanne r

Test Instruction Page 35

Configure of UE

Test Plan

Attention

St ti T Static Test_HSUPA_Print t HSUPA P i t S Screen

Remark

Try to find a place where p the signal is good and CQI>27

Target

Time>5min Average Transfer f Rate>3mbps

Basic Concepts

Work Flow

Preparation s

Scanne r

Test Instruction Page 36

Configure of UE

Test Plan

Attention

Att ti UE (Voice Attention: (V i & Vid Video Phone) Ph ) Position P iti

Pl Please place l th the UE as near to t the th car windscreen as possible. Preferably use the in car UE holder mount on the Car Windscreen (as picture on the right), to get a better signal Static Test: Find a place near the Sector (<100m), where the signal is good and pure, no obstacle, no interference, CQI should always above 27. Scanner and GPS shouldnt be connected with PC together.

Basic Concepts

Work Flow

Preparation s

Scanne r

Test Instruction Page 37

Configure of UE

Test Plan

Attentio n

Attention: Test Plan & KPI Target g &Route

Test Plan setting for Voice Call & Video Phone Test Plan setting for FTP Download (Small Fil ) File) KPI Target g Test Route PS FTP test method h d

Basic Concepts Work Flow Preparation s Scanne r Test Instruction Page 38 Configure of UE Test Plan Attentio n

Att ti Wh Attention: When M Meet tP Problem bl

If theres any problem (access failure or call drop), please stop the car, cut off the CS call and stop the test, then go back to about 100 00 meters ete s and a begin beg the t e test again. aga . If the RF coverage is good, but problems i issued d continually, i ll please l contact troubleshooting Engineer.

Th Thanks k