CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)

Mathematics

General Instructions:

(i) All questions are compulsory.
(ii) The question paper consists of 29 questions divided into three Sections A, B and C. Section A
comprises of 10 questions of one mark each. Section B comprises of 12 questions of four marks
each and Section C comprises of 7 questions of six marks each.
(iii) All questions in Section A are to be answered in one word, one sentence or as per the exact
requirement of the question.
(iv) There is no overall choice. However, internal choice has been provided in 4 questions of four
marks each and 2 questions of six marks each. You have to attempt only one of the alternatives
in all such questions.
(v) Use of calculators is not permitted.


Section B

Q11. If , , a b c

are three vectors such that 5, 12, and 13, and 0, a b c a b c = = = + + =

Find the value of
. . . a b b c c a + +

.

Ans. , , a b c

are three vectors such that 5, 12 and 13. a b c = = =

( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2 2
0
0 0 0
0
0
0 a
a b c
a b c a b c
a a b c b a b c c a b c
a a a b a c b a b b b c c a c b c c
a a b c a a b b b c c a b c c x x x
+ + =
+ + + + = =
+ + + + + + + + =
+ + + + + + + + =
+ + + + + + + + = =

( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2 2
2 2 2
nd
2 . 0
5 12 13 2 . 0
25 144 169 2 . 0
338 2 . 0
2 . 338
338
. 169
2
Thus, the v
x y y x
a b c a b b c c a
a b b c c a
a b b c c a
a b b c c a
a b b c c a
a b b c c a
=
+ + + + + =
+ + + + + =
+ + + + + =
+ + + =
+ + =

+ + = =













alue of . 169. a b b c c a is + +




CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)


Q12. Solve the following differential equation:

2 2
2 2 0
dy
x xy y
dx
+ =

Ans.
( )
2 2
2 2
2
2
2 2 0
2 2
2
... i
2
dy
x xy y
dx
dy
x xy y
dx
dy xy y
dx x
+ =
=

=

This is a homogeneous equation of degree 2.
On taking y = vx, we obtain
( ) ... ii
dy dv
v x
dx dx
= +
From equations (ii) and (i), we obtain
2
2
2 2 2
2
2
2
2
2 ( ) ( )
( )
2
2
2
2
2
2
dv x vx vx
v x y vx
dx x
dv vx v x
v x
dx x
dv v
v x v
dx
dv v
x
dx
dv dx
v x

+ = =

+ =
+ =
=

=

On integrating both sides, we obtain
2
1
2
1 1
log C
2
1 1
log C
2
1
log C
2
1
log C = 0
2
dv dx
v x
x
v
x
y
x
x
x
y
x
x
y

=

= +

= +
| |
|
\ .

= +
+
} }

Thus,
1
log C = 0
2
x
x
y
+ is the required solution.

CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)

Q13. How many times must a man toss a fair coin, so that the probability of having at least one head
is more than 80%?

Ans. Let p denote the probability that the man gets head.
Thus,
1
2
p = and
1 1
1
2 2
q = = .

Let us assume that the man tosses the coin n times.

Let X denote the number of times for which the man gets head in n-trails.


( )
P X = C ( 0,1, 2,..., )
1 1 1 1
C and
2 2 2 2
1
C
2
n r n r
r
r n r
n
r
n
n
r
r p q r n
p q

= =
| | | | | |
= = =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
| |
=
|
\ .

Now,

( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { } ( )
( )
| |
( )
( )
( )
0 0
0
0
80
P X 1 (Given)
100
8
P X 1 P X = 2 ... P X
10
8
P X = 0 P X = 1 P X = 2 ... P X = P X = 0
10
8
1 P X = 0 Sum of all probabilities is 1
10
8
P X = 0 1
10
2
P X = 0
10
1
P X = 0
5
1 1 1
2 2 5
1
n
n
n
n
n
C
C

> >
= + + + = >
+ + + + >
>
<
<
<
| | | |
<
| |
\ . \ .

1
2 5
1 1
1
2 5
1 1
2 5
n
n
n
| |
<
|
\ .
| |
<
|
\ .
| |
<
|
\ .

CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)

It is known that
1 1
2 5
n
| |
<
|
\ .
is true only when n 3.
Hence, the man must toss the coin at least 3 times.


Q14. If ( ) ( ) cos cos ,
y x
x y = find
dy
dx
.

Ans. The given function is ( ) ( ) cos cos
y x
x y =
Taking logarithm on both the sides, we obtain
logcos logcos y x x y =
Differentiating both sides, we obtain
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
logcos logcos logcos logcos
1 1
logcos cos logcos 1 cos
cos cos
logcos sin logcos sin
cos cos
logcos tan logcos tan
logcos t
dy d d d
x y x y x x y
dx dx dx dx
dy d d
x y x y x y
dx x dx y dx
dy y x dy
x x y y
dx x y dx
dy dy
x y x y x y
dx dx
x x
+ = +
+ = +
+ = +
=
+ ( ) an tan logcos
tan logcos
tan logcos
dy
y y x y
dx
dy y x y
dx x y x
= +
+
=
+

OR

If sin y = x sin(a + y), prove that
( )
2
sin
sin
a y
dy
dx a
+
=

Ans.
( )
| |
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
Given, sin sin
Differentiating both sides with respect to , we have
sin sin
cos sin sin
cos sin 1 cos
cos cos sin ... 1
y x a y
x
d d
y x a y
dx dx
dy d d
y a y x x a y
dx dx dx
dy dy
y a y x a y
dx dx
dy
y x a y a y
dx
= +
( = +

( = + + +

= + + +
( + = +



CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)

( ) sin sin y x a y = +
( )
sin
sin
y
x
a y
=
+
(2)
From (1) and (2), we have
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
2
sin
cos cos sin
sin
sin cos sin cos sin
sin sin
sin sin
sin
sin
dy y
y a y a y
dx a y
dy
a y y y a y a y
dx
dy
a y y a y
dx
dy
a a y
dx
a y
dy
dx a
(
+ = +
(
+

+ + = + (

+ = + (

= +
+
=



Q15. Let A = R {3}and B = R {1}. Consider the function f : A B defined by ( )
2
3
x
f x
x
| |
=
|

\ .
.
Show that is one-one and onto and hence find f
1
.

Ans. Given, A = R {3} and B = R {1}.
: A B f is a function defined by ( )
2
3
x
f x
x

.
Let
1 2
, A x x e .
Now,
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1
1 2
2 2
3 3
2 3 3 2
2 3 6 3 2 6
f x f x
x x
x x
x x x x
x x x x x x x x
x x
=

=

=
+ = +
=

f is one-one.
Again, let y be any arbitrary element of B.
( )
2
3
f x y
x
y
x
=

CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)

( ) ( )
( )
2 3
2 3
2 3
1 2 3
2 3
, which is a real number for all 1.
1
x y x
x xy y
x xy y
x y y
y
x y
y
=
=
=
=

= =

Also,
2 3
3
1
y
y

for any y, because if we take

2 3
3
1
y
y

2 3 3 3
2 3, which is not possible.
y y =
=

x eR {3} for all y eR {1}.
Thus, for all y eR {1} there exists { }
2 3
3
1
y
x
y

= e

R such that
( )
2 3
2
2 3 2 3 2 2 1
2 3
1 2 3 3 3
3
1
y
y y y y
f x f y
y
y y y
y
| |

|
| | | | +
| = = = =
| |

+
| \ . \ .

\ .

Every element y in B has a pre-image x in A which is given by
2 3
1
y
x
y

.
f is onto.
Hence, f is one-one and onto.
To find f
1
:
Let f(x) = y where x e R {3} and y eR {1}.
( )
1
2
3
2 3
1
2 3
1
x
y
x
y
x
y
y
f y
y

{ } { }
1
: 1 3 f

R R is defined by
( )
1
2 3
1
x
f x
x

for all x e R {1}.

Q16.
1
cos
Prove that tan , , .
1 sin 4 2 2 2
x x
x
x
t t t

| | | |
= e
| |
+
\ . \ .

CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)


Ans.
1
2 2
1 1
2 2
1 1
cos
We have to prove that tan , , .
1 sin 4 2 2 2
cos sin
cos
2 2
tan tan
1 sin
sin cos 2sin cos
2 2 2 2
cos sin cos sin
cos 2 2 2 2
tan tan
1 sin
x x
x
x
x x
x
x x x x
x
x x x x
x
x
t t t

| |
| |
= e
| |
+
\ .
\ .

| |
=
`
|
+
\ .

+ +
)
| ||
+
|
| |
\ .\
=
|
+
\ .
2
1 1
1 1
1
sin cos
2 2
cos sin
cos
2 2
tan tan
1 sin
cos sin
2 2
cos sin
2 2
cos
cos
2
tan tan
1 sin
cos sin
2 2
cos
2
cos
tan
1 sin
x x
x x
x
x x
x
x x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x

|

|

.
`
| |

+
|

\ . )

| |
=
`
|
+
\ .

+
)

| |
=
`
|
+
\ .

+



)
| |
=
|
+
\ .
1
1 1
1 1
1
1 tan
2
tan
1 tan
2
tan tan
cos
4 2
tan tan
1 sin
1 tan tan
4 2
cos
tan tan tan
1 sin 4 2
cos
tan
1 sin 4 2
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x x
x
t
t
t
t

`

+
)

| |
=
`
|
+
\ .

+
)
| | | |
=
`
| |
+
\ . ) \ .
| |
=
|
+
\ .

Hence, the result is proved.

CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)


OR

1 1 1
8 3 36
Prove that sin sin cos .
17 5 85

| | | | | |
+ =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .


Ans.
1 1 1
1 1
2
2
2
8 3 36
We have to prove that sin sin cos .
17 5 85
8 3
Let sin and sin
17 5
8 3
sin and sin
17 5
cos 1 sin
8
cos 1
17
15
cos
17
Similarly,
cos 1 sin
3
cos 1
x y
x y
x x
x
x
y y
y


| | | | | |
+ =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .
= =
=
| |
=
|
\ .
=
=
=
2
5
4
cos
5
y
| |
|
\ .
=

We know that,
cos (x + y) = cos x cos y sin x sin y
( )
( )
( )
1
1 1 1
15 4 8 3
cos
17 5 17 5
60 24
cos
85
36
cos
85
36
cos
85
8 3 36
sin sin cos
17 5 85
x y
x y
x y
x y


+ =

+ =
+ =
| |
+ =
|
\ .
| | | | | |
+ =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .


Hence, the result is proved.


CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)


Q17. Find the point on the curve
3
11 5 y x x = + at which the equation of tangent is y = x 11.

Ans. The equation of the given curve is
3
11 5 y x x = + .
Let P
( )
1, 1
x y be the point on the given curve.
Since
( )
1, 1
x y lies on
3
11 5 y x x = + ,
3
1 1 1
11 5 y x x = + (1)
3
11 5 y x x = +
Differentiating both sides with respect to x, we have
( )
1 1
2
2
1
,
3 11
3 11
x y
dy
x
dx
dy
x
dx
=
| |
=
|
\ .

Given, the line y = x 11 is tangent to the given curve.
Slope of the tangent to the curve at ( )
1 1
, x y = Slope of the line y = x 11
( )
1 1
,
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
3 11 1
3 12
4
2
x y
dy
dx
x
x
x
x
| |
=
|
\ .
=
=
=
=

When x
1
= 2, we have
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
3
1
1
3
2 11 2 5 9 Using 1
When 2, we have
2 11 2 5 19 Using 1
y
x
y
( = + =

=
( = + =



So, the points are (2, 9) and (2, 19).

Now, (2, 9) lies on y = x 11 if 9 = 2 11 which is true.

And, (2, 19) lies on y = x 11 if 19 = 2 11 which is not true.

Thus, the required point is (2, 9).

OR

Using differentials, find the approximated value of 49.5 .
CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)


Ans.
( )
Let
For 49,
49.5
49.5 49
0.5
y f x x
x
x x
x
x
= =
=
+ A =
A =
A =

For x = 49, we have 49 7 y x = = = .
Let dx = Ax = 0.5
( )
| |
49
49
Now,
1
2
1
2 49
1
14
We have
1
0.5 (For 49)
14
1
28
1
28
49.5
1
49.5 7
28
49.5 7.036 (approximately)
x
x
y x
dy
dx
x
dy
dx
dy
dx
dy
dy dx
dx
dy x
dy
y y dy
y y
=
=
=
=
| |
=
|
\ .
| |
=
|
\ .
=
= =
=
A = A ~
= + A
= +
=

Thus, the approximate value of 49.5 is 7.036.


Q18. Evaluate: sin sin2 sin3 x x xdx
}


CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)


Ans.

( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
| |
I sin sin 2 sin3
1
sin 2sin 2 sin3
2
1
sin 2sin3 sin 2
2
1
sin cos 3 2 cos 3 2
2
1
sin cos sin cos5
2
1 2sin cos 1 2sin cos5
2 2 2 2
1 1
sin 2 2cos5 sin
4 4
1 cos 2 1
sin 5
4 2 4
x x x dx
x x x dx
x x x dx
x x x x x dx
x x x x dx
x x x x
dx dx
x dx x x dx
x
x
=
=
=
= + (

=
=
=
| |
=
|
\ .
}
}
}
}
}
} }
} }
( ) ( )
( )
( )
sin 5
cos 2 1
sin 6 sin 4
8 4
cos 2 1 cos 6 cos 4
C
8 4 6 4
cos 2 cos 6 cos 4
= C
8 24 16
1
2cos 6 3cos 4 6cos 2 C
48
x x x dx
x
x x dx
x x x
x x x
x x x
+ (

=
(
= + +
(

+ +
= +
}
}

OR

Evaluate:
( )( )
2
2
1 1
dx
x x +
}


Ans.
( )( )
( )( )
( )
( )
2
2 2
2
I =
1 1
2 A B C
Let
1 1 1 1
dx
x x
x
x x x x
+
+
= +
+ +
}

Multiplying both sides by (1 x) (1 + x
2
), we get
2 = A (1 + x
2
) + (Bx + C) (1 x)
2 = A (1 + x
2
) + B (x - x
2
) + C (1 x)
2 = x
2
(A B) + x (B C) + (A + C) (1)
Comparing the coefficients of x
2
, x and constant term on both sides of (1), we get
0 = A B A = B (2)
CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)

0 = B C B = C (3)
A + C = 2 A + A = 2 2A = 2 A = 1
So, B = A = 1 and C = B = 1
A = 1, B = 1, C = 1
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2
2
2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 1
2
2
2 1 1
1 1 1 1
2
So, I =
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
log 1
1 1 1
1 2
log 1
2 1 1
1
log 1 log 1 tan C
2
Hence,
2 1
log 1 log 1
2 1 1
x
x x x x
dx
x x
x
dx
x x
x
dx dx
x x
x
x dx
dx
x x
x dx
x dx
x x
x x x
dx x x
x x

+
= +
+ +
+
+ | |
= +
|
+
\ .
+
= +
+

= + +
+ +
= + +
+ +
= + + + +
= + +
+
}
}
} }
} }
} }
}
1
tan C x

+ +



Q19. Using properties of determinants, prove the following:
( )
3 3 3
1 1 1
( ) ( ) ( ) a b c a b b c c a a b c
a b c
= + +

Ans.
Let
3 3 3
1 1 1
a b c
a b c
A = .
Applying C
1
C
1
C
3
and C
2
C
2
C
3
, we have:
CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)

( )( ) ( )( )
( )( )
( ) ( )
3 3 3 3 3
2 2 2 2 3
2 2 2 2 3
0 0 1
0 0 1
0 0 1
1 1
a c b c c
a c b c c
a c b c c
a c a ac c b c b bc c c
c a b c c
a ac c b bc c c
A =

=
+ + + +
=
+ + + +

Applying C
1
C
1
+ C
2
, we have:
( )( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )( )( )
( ) ( )
( )( )( )( )
( )
2 2 2 2 3
2 2 3
2 2 3
0 0 1
0 1
0 0 1
0 1
0 0 1
0 1
1
c a b c c
b a bc ac b bc c c
b c c a a b c
a b c b bc c c
a b b c c a a b c c
b bc c c
A =
+ + +
=
+ + + +
= + +
+ +

Expanding along C
1
, we have:
( )( )( )( )( )
( )( )( )( )
0 1
1
1
a b b c c a a b c
c
a b b c c a a b c
A = + +
= + +


Hence, the given result is proved.


Q20. If y = 3 cos (log x) + 4 sin(log x), show that

2
2
2
0
d y dy
x x y
dx dx
+ + =

Ans. y = 3 cos (log x) + 4 sin (log x) ... (1)
CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3sin log 4cos log
3sin log 4cos log
3sin log 4cos log
3cos log 4sin log
3cos log 4sin log
3cos log 4sin log
3cos lo
x x
dy
dx x x
x x
dy
dx x
dy
x x x
dx
x x
d y dy
x
dx dx x x
x x
d y dy
x
dx dx x x
x x
d y dy
x
dx dx x
d y dy
x x
dx dx

= +
+
=
= +

+ =

+ =

+ =
+ =
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2
2
2
2
g 4sin log
3cos log 4sin log 0
0 3cos log 4sin log
x x
d y dy
x x x x
dx dx
d y dy
x x y y x x
dx dx

+ + + =
( + + = = +

Q21. Find the equation of the line passing through the point ( 1, 3, 2) and perpendicular to the
lines

2 1 1
and
1 2 3 3 2 5
x y z x y z + +
= = = =

Ans. Let the direction ratios of the required line be <a, b, c>.
The equations of the given lines are:
( )
( )
... 1
1 2 3
2 1 1
and ... 2
3 2 5
x y z
x y z
= =
+ +
= =

Direction ratios of line (1) and (2) are <1, 2, 3> and <3, 2, 5> respectively.
Since the required line is perpendicular to line (1) and line (2),
( )
( )
( )
1 2 1 2 1 2
1 2 3 0 0
2 3 0 ... 3
and 3 2 5 0
3 2 5 0 ... 4
a b c a a bb c c
a b c
a b c
a b c
+ + = + + =
+ + =
+ + =
+ + =

Solving (3) and (4), we have
CBSE XII Mathematics 2012 Solution (SET 2)

2 3 0
3 2 5 0
10 6 9 5 2 6
4 , 14 , 8
a b c
a b c
a b c
k
a k b k c k
+ + =
+ + =
= = =
+
= = =

The direction ratios of the required line are < 4k , 14k , 8k > or < 2, 7, 4>.
Equation of line passing through (1, 3, 2) and having direction ratios < 2, 7, 4 > is
1 1 1
1 3 2
2 7 4
x x y y z z x y z
a b c
+ + | |
= = = =
|

\ .

Thus, the equation of the required line is
1 3 2
2 7 4
x y z + +
= =

.


Q22. Find the particular solution of the following differential equation:
( ) 1 2 1; 0
y
dy
x e y
dx

+ = = when x = 0

Ans.
( )
( )
1 2 1
2 1 1
Integrating both thesides,
2 1 1
2 1
y
y
y
y
y
dy
x e
dx
dy dx
e x
dy dx
e x
e dy dx
e x

+ =
=
+
=
+
=
+
} }
} }

Let 2 e
y
= t
e
y
dy = dt
e
y
dy = dt
1
dt dx
t x

=
+
} }

log t = log (x + 1) + c
log (2 e
y
) = log (x + 1) + c ........(1)
When x = 0, y = 0
Putting y = x = 0 in equation (1), we get c = 0
log (x + 1) + log (2 e
y
) = 0
(x + 1) (2 e
y
) = 1
So, (x + 1) (2 e
y
) = 1 is the particular solution of
( ) 1 2 1
y
dy
x e
dx

+ = .