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JAWATANKUASA PANEL
TRIAL EXAM PHYSICS STPM
NEGERI SEMBILAN DARUL KHUSUS
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1. The ratio of electric field strength has a unit which is the same as that of
magnetic flux density
2. An aluminium ball P and an iron ball Q of the same volume are thrown
horizontally with the same velocity from the top of a building. Neglecting air
resistance, P reaches the ground
A 0N B 15 N C 20 N D 35 N
4. A trolley is pulled along a smooth horizontal track by a constant force. Which of the
following graphs best describes the variation of the trolley’s kinetic energy E with
time t if air resistance is negligible?
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6. When a body moves with constant speed in a circular path, the quantity which varies
with time is
A moment of inertia
B linear momentum
C angular momentum
D angular velocity
7. Which of the following does not affect the moment of inertia of a rotating rigid body?
A Mass
B Shape
C Angular acceleration
D Mass distribution
8. The diagram shows a diving board held in position by two rods, X and Y.
5m
X
Y
2m 750 N
Find the additional forces which act on the board when a diver of 750 N stands on the
right hand end.
At X (Downwards) At Y (Upwards)
A 900 N 1500 N
B 1125 N 1875 N
C 1375 N 1875 N
D 1375 N 1500 N
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9. A man-made satellite is shifted from a stable circular orbit to another lower but
equally stable orbit. Which of the following quantities decreases?
12. A standing wave of 603 Hz is produced on a string that is 1.33 m long and fixed on
both ends. If the speed of waves on the string is 402 ms-1, how many antinodes are
there in the standing wave?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
13. At a distance 20 m from a loudspeaker, the amplitude of the sound heard is 0.012
mm. At a distance 30 m from the loud speaker, the amplitude in mm is
14. A pipe closed at one end is resonating to its first overtone. Which of the following
diagram shows the vibrations of the air in the pipe at four equally spread points?
A B C D
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16. The figure below shows a graph of potential energy U against intermolecular
distance r for a diatom.
Which of the following is true for the intermolecular forces at point P and at point Q?
Point P Point Q
A Attraction Zero
B Zero Attraction
C Zero Repulsion
D Repulsion Zero
17. Which of the shades areas from the graphs below represents the amount of strain
energy per unit volume stored in a wire when the wire is loaded?
Force Stress
Strain Extension
0 0
A B
Stress
Strain Extension
0 0
C D
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18. The figure below shows a glass rod of diameter 2r. One end of the rod has a surface
which is a hemisphere of radius r. The refractive index of the glass is n. A point
object O is at a distance u from the end of the rod. The image I due to refraction is at
a distance v. which is twice the object distance u from the end of the rod. Which of
the following is equal to u?
r n
O
2r
u v I
(n + 2)r
A
n
(n + 2)r
B
2(n − 1)
2(n − 1)r
C
n+2
2(n − 1)r
D
n−2
19. The minimum distance between a real object and its real image formed by a convex
lens is d. What is the distance of the object from the lens?
d d d 3d
A B C D
4 3 2 4
20. A beam of light which consists two different wavelength λı and λ2 (λı > λ2) is incident
normally on a piece of diffraction grating. The second order line for λı and the third
λ1
order line for λ2 overlap. What is the ratio of ?
λ2
x
P
S
In the direction of the first minimum, the path difference x between the rays PQ
and RS is
λ λ 3
A B C λ D λ
4 2 2
25 1650 J of heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5.0 moles of hydrogen gas
under constant volume condition by 15 K. Assuming that hydrogen gas behaves
like ideal gas, find the molar specific heat capacity at constant pressure for
hydrogen gas.
A 30.8 J mol −1 K −1
B 50.6 J mol −1 K −1
C 73.8 J mol −1 K −1
D 81.4 J mol −1 K −1
26. One end of a properly insulated copper rod of length 60 cm and cross-sectional
area 6.0 cm 2 is maintained at steam point while the other end is placed in ice at
0 o C. Determine the mass of ice melted in 12 minutes if the rod is in steady
condition. ( For copper k = 380 W m −1 K −1 : specific latent heat of fusion of ice =
333 kJ kg −1 )
A 0.04 kg
B 0.08 kg
C 2,48 kg
D 3.56 kg
A V1 + V2 + V3
R4
B ( V 1 + V 2 + V 3 )
R1 + R 2 + R 3
R1 R R
C V 1 + V 2 2 + V 3 4
R4 R4 R3
R + R2 + R3
D ( V 1 + V 2 + V 3 ) 1
R4
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28. A point charge QB is moved round another positive point charge QA on a circular
path of radius r. The work done on the charge QA in making one complete
revolution is
QA QB QA QB
A. (2r ) B. (2π r )
4πεο 4πεο r 2
QA QB
C. (4π r ) D. Zero
4πεο r 2
A•
E
• •
D B
•
C
Which of the following best describe the relationships between VA, VB, VC and VD?
30. Three charges lie along the x-axis. The positive charge Q1 =15 μC is at x = 2.0 m
and the positive charge Q2 = 6.0μC is at the origin. Where must a negative charge
Q3 be placed on the x-axis so that the resultant force acts on it is zero?
31. Two capacitors of capacitance 2 µF and 3 µF are joined in series and this
combination is connected to a voltage source. The energy stored in the system is
US. When the same capacitors are joined in parallel and then connected to the
US
same voltage source the energy stored is UP. What is ?
UP
A. 2 : 3 B. 3 : 2
C. 6 : 5 D. 6: 25
A. Vd α E2 B. Vd α E.
1
C. Vd α E D. Vd α
E
33. The resistivity of iron is 1 × 10−7 Ω.m. The resistance of the iron wire is 1 Ω.
If the diameter and length of the wire are both doubled,
what is the new resistivity of the wire?
34. The figure shows the current distribution in a part of an electrical circuit.
Find the value of I?
2A
1A
I
2A
3A
1A
A. 1 A B. 2 A
C. 1.5 A D. 3 A
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35, What is the equivalent resistance between point A and point B in the network as
shown in the figure?
C
A B
2R 2R D R
R
A. 2R B.
2
3 2
C. R D. R
2 3
The wire is then rotated through an angle θ about an axis perpendicular to the
plane of the diagram.
Which graph shows how the magnitude of the magnetic force F on the wire
varies with θ in the range 0º to 90º?
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37. An electron beam enters a region in which there is an electric field perpendicular to
the beam. A similar electron beam enters a magnetic field, also perpendicular to
the beam direction.
Does the magnitude of the force on the electrons depend on their speeds in their
speeds in these two fields?
38. A uniform magnetic field of flux density B passes normally through a plane
1
area A. In this plane lies a coil of eight turns of wire, each of area A .
4
1
A BA B BA C 2BA D 8BA
4
39. The diagram shows a short coil would over the middle part of a long solenoid.
The solenoid current I is varied with time t as shown in the sketch graph. As a
consequence, the flux density of the magnetic field due to the solenoid varies with
time. The relation between B and I is B=μon I.
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Which graph shows how the e.m.f. E induced in the short coil varies with
time?
1 1
A (max imum current ) 2 C (max imum current ) 2
2 2
1 1
B (max imum power ) D (max imum power )
2 2
41. A sinusoidal supply of frequency 100 Hz and r.m.s. voltage 12V is connected to a
2.2 μF capacitor. What is the r.m.s. value of the current?
42. Which of the following quantities of the incident light affect the maximum kinetic
energy of the electrons ejected in the photoelectric effect experiment?
43. An electron microscope has resolving power of about 100 times better than that of
the optical microscope because
Increasing wavelength
Imncreasing wavelength
C
Increasing wavelength
Increasing wavelength
45. X-rays can be diffracted by crystals but not by optical diffraction gratings because
46. The figure below shows the paths of the ions of the isotopes of an element in a
mass spectrometer
28 cm
The ratio of the masses of the three isotopes of the same charge is
A 2 : 4 : 28 B 11 : 12 : 14
C 18 : 20 : 24 D 31 : 32 : 36
47. The table below shows the count rate of a radioactive source at different times at a
location.
Determine the half-life of the source based on the data given in the table
48. .The rest mass of a 12 H deuteron atom corresponds to energy of 1876 MeV, the rest
mass of a proton corresponds to 939 MeV and the rest mass of a neutron
corresponds to 940 MeV. A deuteron can be fused to become a neutron if it
49. In general, the fission of a heavy nuclear will produce two small nuclei, two or three
neutrons, several β -particles and a little γ -radiation. It is always true that the
product
A have total rest mass that is greater than the original mass of the nucleus.
B have most of the kinetic energy originated from part of the loss in energy.
C move in exactly opposite directions
D have a ratio of neutron to proton that is too low to maintain stability.
50. Muon, an elementary particle with weak forces, is in the same category as the
1. A student suggests that the force F acting on a vertical wall due to a horizontal jet
of l iquid st riking t he wall i s given by t he expression F = kρAv where k is a
dimensionless constant, ρ, A and v represent the density of the liquid, the cross
sectional ar ea of t he jet a nd sp eed o f t he jet r espectively. I s the ex pression
dimensionally correct?
[5 marks]
(i) Using Newton’s law of motion, explain why an external force is needed to
apply to the object.
[2 marks]
[1 mark]
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Wheel
Belt
Calculate
4. (a) Calculate the electric potential midway between two identical charges,
+20 µC, placed 30 cm apart in vacuum.
Take the value of εo = 8.9 × 10−12 F m−1. [2 marks]
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
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(ii) Explain why a place anywhere in an electric field will be an equipotential surface.
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 marks]
5. Two welll-lagged u niform copper rods and well-lagged uniform iron rod, each of
cross-section ar ea 6. 0 × 10 −5 m 2 and l ength 1 2 c m, are j oined end-to e nd as shown i n
the figure below. The free ends are maintained at 2000 C and 00 C respectively.
θ1 θ2
Calculate
(ii) the rate of heat flow through the composite rod. [2 marks]
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6. The di stance b etween t he pl ates o f a parallel capacitor is 5.0 mm and the area of
each plate is 2.0 mm 2. The plates are in a vacuum. The potential difference of 1.0 ×
104 mm is applied across the plates.
Find:
[3 marks]
(ii) From the above equation, write the expression for the energy states En of
helium ion 24 He + .
[2 marks]
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8. (a) Two similar coils A and B of insulated wire are wound on to a soft-iron
core, as in
Figure 1.1
When the current I in coil A is switched on and then off, the variation with
time t of the current is shown in figure 1.2.
On figure 1.3, draw a graph to show the variation with time t of the e.m.f. E
induced in coil B.
[3 marks]
I
O t
Figure 1.2
Figure 1.3
O t
(b) Explain why the transformer could not be used to step down the potential
difference of a direct current supply.
[2 marks]
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Section B
Show that the units of work in terms of base units are given by kgm2s-2.
[1 m ark]
An object of mass 2.0 kg is at rest on a r ough horizontal plane. At the instant t = 0, a
horizontal force F a cts on t he obj ect, c ausing t he object t o m ove at co nstant
acceleration i n a s traight l ine. A t t = 1 0 s, the a pplied force i s removed. The object
decelerates and comes to rest after moving for a t otal time of 15 s. The graph in figure
below show how the velocity v of the object varies with time t.
v/m s -1
10
0 t/s
5 10 15
(a) Determine the frictional force, which is assumed to be constant, that acts on the
object between t = 0 s and t = 15 s.
[2 marks]
(b) Plot a graph to show how the applied force F varies with time t between t = 0 s
and t = 15 s. on the graph show also the frictional force Ff.
[6 marks]
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10. (a) The figure below shows two electrons separated by a distance of
3.0 x 10-10 m. Given that the gravitational constant = 6.67 x 10-11 N m2 kg-2,
mass of electron = 9.11 x 10 -31kg, charge of electron = 1.60 x 10 -19 C and
the permittivity of free space = 8.85 x 10 -12 F m -1.
Electron Electron
3.0 x 10 -10 m
Calculate
[2 marks]
ii. Given the radius of the Earth is 6400 km, the acceleration due to
gravity at the surface of the Earth is 9.81 m s-2 and the gravitational
constant G is 6.67 x 10-11 N m2 kg-2. Estimate a value for the mass
of Earth.
[2 marks]
iii. Show that the gravitational field strength at a point of height h from
GM
the surface of the Earth is given by g = in which R is the
( R +h )2
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11. (a) State three differences between progressive and stationary waves.
[3 marks]
12. (a) Define magnetic flux density in terms of the force on a charge. Draw a
diagram to show the quantities involved. [2 marks]
(b) There are two situations in which a charged particle in a magnetic field
does not experience a magnetic force. State these two situations.
[2 marks]
(c) Figure shows a beam of electrons entering a magnetic field of magnetic
flux density 8.4 mT. The electrons are traveling with velocity
3.4 × 107 m s-1 at right angles to the field.
(iii) calculate the radius of the path of the electrons within the magnetic field.
[2 marks]
(iv) Sketch the path traveled within and beyond the field. [2 marks]
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c) Charged particles from the Sun, on approaching the Earth, may become trapped
in the Earth’s magnetic field near the poles, as shown in Figure. This can cause
the sky to glow. The phenomenon is called the aurora borealis.
(i) For a charged particle of charge to mass ratio e/m, deduce an expression
for its speed v when traveling in a circle of radius r within a magnetic field
of flux density B.
[2 marks]
(ii) Use your answer to (i) and the information about the path of the particles
to show that the charged particles causing the aurora cannot be electrons.
[2 marks]
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13. The graph shows the X-ray spectrum produced by a X-ray tube.
(a) Identify the two distinct features of the spectrum and explain how they are
produced.
[5 marks]
(b) Copy the graph above (with the labels) and sketch new graphs of the X-
ray spectrum produced when
iii. the target metal is replaced with another element with higher atomic
number.
[6 marks]
(c) The inter-planar spacing of a crystal of NaCl is 0.282 nm. It is found that a
first-order Bragg reflection of a monochromatic beam of X-rays occurs at
an angle of 11o.
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(b) 13
6 C is bombarded with a proton which has kinetic energy of 2.00 MeV in
an experiment to produce 137 N . Use a quantitative approach to determine if
this experiment will succeed? [4 marks]
235
92 U + 1
0n → 148
57 La + 85
35 ( )
Br + 3 01 n
(i) State what is the role played by the neutrons produced in the above
nuclear reaction [1 mark]
(ii) Calculate the energy released by each of the U atom which undergoes
235
[ Mass of 235
U = 235.0439u ; 148
57 La = 47.9314u ; 85
35 Br = 84.9156u ; 1
0 n = 1.0097u ]
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1. C 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. B
6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D
11. B 12. D 13. A 14. D 15. D
16. D 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A
21. C 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. A
26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B
31. D 32. B 33. A 34. A 35. B
36. D 37. B 38. C 39. C 40. D
41. D 42. C 43 .C 44. D 45. D
46. B 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. B
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ANSWERS STRUCTURE
1. Let F = k ρm An vp
MLT-2 = [ML-3]m [L2]n [LT-1]p (1m)
= Mm L-3m+2n+p T-p
Compare m = 1
-3m+2n+p = 1
P =2
Solving, we get m =1, n = 1, p = 2 (2m)
and F = kρAv2 (1m)
2. (a) According to the Newton’s first law of motion, an object at rest will continue to remain at rest,
or if moving, will continue to move with constant velocity along a straight line, if no external
forces act on the object. ( 1 mark )
An object moving i n a ci rcular p ath al ways change i ts di rection, so, an ex ternal f orce is
needed to apply to the object. ( 1 mark )
25
3. a. The number of revolutions completed = = 13.3
2π × 0.30
b. ω 2 = ω 0 + 2αθ ; 0 = 2.02 + 2 α (13.3); α = −0.5 revolution/sec 2
2
20 × 10−6 20 × 10−6
4. (a) V = +
4π(8.9 × 10−12 ) × (15 × 10−2 ) 4π(8.9 × 10−12 ) × (15 × 10−2 )
6 1 mark
= 2.38 × 10 V. Total marks for 1 (a): (2 marks)
(b) (i) An equipotential surface is a surface over which all points are at the same
electrical potential.
Total marks for 1. b (i) : (1 mark)
(ii) If there were any differences in electric potential over the surface of the metal,
then its conduction electrons would move under the influence of the
potential gradient. (1 mark)
This electron movement would eventually reduce
the potential differences to zero. (1 mark)
200 − θ1 = 0.105 ( θ1 − θ 2 )
200 − θ1 = 0.105 θ1 − 0.105θ 2
200 = 1.105 θ1 − 0.105θ 2 ……………………………………..(1)
For the iron-cooper pair on the right
θ 2 = 0.105 ( θ1 − θ 2 )
1.105θ 2 = 0.105 θ1 ……………………………………………..(1)
Q 200 − 181
= 380 ( 6.0 × 10 −5 ) −2
t 12 × 10
= 3.61 J s −1 ……………………………………………….(1)
εο A
C= [1 mark]
d
8.85 × 10−12 × 2
= F [1 mark]
5 × 10−3
−9
= 3.54 ×10 F. [1 mark]
Q = CV
−9 4
= (3.54 ×10 ) × (1 ×10 ) C [1 mark]
−5
= 3.54 ×10 C [1 mark]
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7.. The Bohr energy states En for the hydrogen atom is given by
13.6
E n = − 2 eV ( n = 1,2,3……..)
n
(i) Calculate the ionisation energy in joule for the hydrogen atom?
[3 marks]
Ionisation energy = ∞ E − E1
1
13.6
0−−
= 1 1
= 13.6 eV 1
(ii) From the above equation, write the expression for the energy states En for helium ion
4 +
2 He . [2 marks]
Z =2 1
4 × 13.6
En = −
n2
54.4
= − 2 eV 1
n
8. (a)
I
O t
Figure 1.2
Figure 1.3
O t
(b) To step down voltage in the transformer by electromagnetic induction requires a change in
flux linking the primary and secondary coil. These are not present in direct current supply.
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9. Work = force component in the direction of motion x displacement
( 1 mark )
Unit of work = Nm = (kgms-2)(m) = kgm2s-2 ( 1 mark )
(a) The applied force F is removed at t = 10 s. Hence, only frictional force Ff acts on the object
during the time interval between t = 10 s and t = 15 s. Refering to the graph, the decerelation is
a2 = gradient = -10/5 = -2ms-2 ( 1 mark )
= -400 J ( 1 mark )
10. (a)
Gm 2
i. Gravitational force F1 = 2 =
( )(
6.67 × 10 −11 9.11 × 10 −31 )2
= 6.15 × 10 −52 N
r 3.0 × 10 −10(2
)
ii. Electrostatic force
F2 =
e2
=
(1.60 ×10 )
−19 2
= 2.56 ×10−9 N
4πε 0 r 4π (8.85 ×10 )(3.0 ×10 )
−12 −10 2
2
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−9
F2 2.56 × 10
iii. = = 4.16 × 10 42 . This means that the electrostatic force is
F1 6.15 × 10 −52
(4.16 × 10 )times more than the gravitational force until the value of the gravitational
42
GM 1 M 2
(b) i. F= ;
r2
F : gravitational attractive force between two objects,
M1M2 : masses of the two objects
G : gravitational constant
r : separation of the two objects
ii. : On the surface of the Earth, the gravitational force acting on an object of mass m
equals its weight.
GMm
= mg ;
(
6.67 × 10 −11 M ) = 9.81; ∴ The mass of Earth M = 6.02 × 10 24 kg
R2 (
6400 × 10 3 2
)
iii. The weight of an object at a height h from the surface of the Earth is mg. This value is the same as the
gravitational attractive force between the object and the Earth.
GM 1 GM
mg = ∴ the gravitational field strength g =
(R + h ) 2
( R + h )2
iv. v= 2 gR = 2 × 9.81 × 6400 × 10 3 = 1.12 X 10 4
11. (a)
Stationary waves Progressive waves
• The profile of wave does not • The profile of the waves move in the
move direction of propagation
• No energy transferred along • Energy transferred along the direction
the wave of wave propagation
• Points in between two nodes • Nearby points are not in the same
are in the same phase. phase.
• Particles between successive •
Neighbouring particles in the medium
nodes have different have the same amplitude of
amplitudes oscillation.
Any three [3]
(b) Intensity of a progressive wave is the power propagated per unit area, perpendicular to the direction of
propagation.[1]
P
I = , where P = Rate of energy transferred and A = area of surface SI unit : Wm-2 [1]
A
Hence, the amplitude of the wave decreases as the distance of the wavefront from O increases.
1
(e) I α
r
I α a2 [1]
1
a 2α
r
2
a r = constant
a 2 r2 = a1 r1
2 2
A2 r
=
2
a2
2r
A
a= [1]
2
12. (a) Definition : The magnetic flux density or magnetic field strength of a magnetic field is 1 tesla
(T) if a charge of 1 coulomb moving with a velocity of 1 m s-1 at right angles to the direction of the magnetic
field experiences a force of 1 newton.
q F
B
(b) - the charged particle is stationary.
- the charged particle is moving in a plane that is parallel to the magnetic field lines.
(iii) mv 2
F=
r
(9.11× 10 −31 )(3.4 × 10 7 ) 2
=
4.6 × 10 −14
= 22.9 mm
(iv)
Tangential to
the curve Region of
magnetic field
vertically down
into the paper
Electron beam
mv 2 mv 2 mv e
(d) (i) F= ==> Bev = ==> Be = == > v = Br
r r r m
13.
a)
The two distinct features are the continuous spectrum and the characteristic line spectrum. The
continuous spectrum is produced by X-ray emitted as an electron decelerates when approaching
the target metal.
The incident electrons may penetrate an atom and collide with electrons in the K shell of the atom
raising them to higher energy levels. The line spectrum is due to the radiation emitted when
electrons from the excited state return to the lower energy levels.
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b) (i) (ii)
(iii)
c) (i)
(ii)
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c)
i
ii
14.. (a) (i) Mass defect : The difference between the total mass of all free nucleons and the mass of the
nucleus.
(iii) Nuclear fusion is the combination of lighter nuclei at very high temperature
to produce a heavy nucleus with the release of a lot of energy
(b) 11 H + 13
6 C 13
7 N + 01 n
(c ) 235
92 U + 01n 148
57 La + 85
35 Br + 3 ( 01n )
(i) The neutrons produced ensure that the nuclear fission of U-235 will
be continue in the nulear reactor (1)
100
Hence Nuclear energy = 4.32 x 1010 x (1)
20
=2.16 x 1011 J (1)