1

IEC61400

IEC61400-2
IEC ISO

IEC 60204-1:1997, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines

Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60204-11:2000, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines
Part 11:Requirements for HV equipment for voltages above 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V
d.c. and notexceeding 36 kV
IEC 60364 (all parts), Electrical installations of buildings
IEC 60721-2-1:1982, Classification of environmental conditions Part 2:
Environmental conditions appearing in nature. Temperature and humidity
IEC 61000-6-1:1997, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6: Generic
standards Section 1: Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial
environments
IEC 61000-6-2:1999, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6: Generic
standards Section 2: Immunity for industrial environments 15
IEC 61000-6-4:1997, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6: Generic
standards Section 4: Emission standard for industrial environments
IEC 61024-1:1990, Protection of structures against lightning Part 1: General
principles
IEC 61312-1:1995, Protection against lightning electromagnetic impulse Part 1:
General principle
IEC 61400-21:2001, Wind turbine generator systems Part 21: Measurement
and assessment of power quality characteristics of grid connected wind turbines
IEC 61400-24: 2002, Wind turbine generator systems Part 24: Lightning
protection
ISO 76:1987, Rolling bearings Static load ratings
ISO 281:1990, Rolling bearings Dynamic load ratings and rating life
1

ISO 2394:1998, General principles on reliability for structures

ISO 2533:1975, Standard Atmosphere
ISO 4354:1997, Wind actions on structures
ISO 6336 (all parts), Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears
ISO 9001:2000, Quality management systems Requirements
3

3.1

3.2 Vave

3.3
0.01s
3.4

3.5

3.6
(
)
3.7

3.8 ()
/

3.9

vin

3.10

3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14

vout

3.15

3.16

3.17

3.18
T N N
N=50 N=1 t=3s t=10s

3.19

3.20

3.21

3.22

3.23 zhub
3.51
3.24

3.25

10m/s 0.2Hz~2kHz
3.26

ISO2394
3.27
3.62
3.28

3.29

3.30

3.31

3.32


3.33

3.34

3.35

3.36
3.62
3.37

3.38

3.39

3.40 Vr

3.41 PR
3.63
3.42 Vref

6
Vref 50 10min
Vref
3.43

3.44

3.45 zo
0

3.46

3.47

10min
3.48

3.49

3.50

3.18
3.51

3.52 I

3.53 1
0.05
1 = Vhub f o f 0 S1 ( f 0 )
3.54

12 = 0.05

3.55

ISO2394
3.56

3.57

3.58

3.59 PW
3.63
3.60
3.61
3.61

3.62

12

v( Z ) = v( Z r )

ln ( Z Z 0 )

ln ( Z r Z 0 )

(1)


Z
v( Z ) = v( Z r )
Zr

(2)

v( Z )

3.63

Z
Zr
Z0

PR (vo ) Pw (vo )
2
PR (vo ) = 1 exp (Vo 2Vave )

(3)

k
Pw (vo ) = 1- exp - ( v0 C )

v ave

C 1 + k

C 2 k = 2

(4)

P (v0 )

v < v0

v0

vave

C k k=2 C vave (4) k=2

C
k

v0 v1 v2

[ P(v1 ) P(v2 )] v1 v2

3.64

3.65
3.62

3.66 V

3.69
3.67

3.68

3.69

3.70

3.71

3.72

3.73

4
4.1

CCT

CT

Coh

fd

fk

Fd

Fk

I ref

10 15m/s

I eff

k
K
L

Le

Lk

Whler

ni

N (.)

S-N

N
p

PR (V0 )

v < v0

Pw (V0 )

si

S1 ( f )

Sk

T
t
V

V (z)

Vave

Vcg

VeN

N 3s ve1 ve50

50

Vgust

50
8

Vhub

Vin

V0

Vout

Vr

Vref

V ( y, z , t )

V ( z, t )

x, y , z

zhub

zr

z0

(t )

cg

0.05

fS1 ( f )

12

eff

wake

Var

4.2
A
a.c.
d.c.
DLC
ECD
EDC
EOG
ETM
EWM
EWS
F
N
NWP
NTM
S
T
U

IEC

5
5.1

5.2

10

 6
7

5.3

7.6

6.2 S
5.4

ISO9001
5.5

Vref
Vin Vout

IEC 1

2%

6
6.1

11

6.2

11.3
1
S
5.3S

(
) S
1

Vref

(m/s)

I ref ()

50

42.5

37.5

0.16

I ref ()

0.14

I ref ()

0.12

Vref 10
A
B
C

I ref 15m/s

A~C 6.36.4 6.5

20
S 6
S A
7.4

6.3

12

 50

10

(a) 1

2 0.7 1
3 0.5 1
b 1 z

0.7 z z 60m
1
42m z 60m

(5)

S1 ( f ) S 2 ( f )

S3 ( f )

S1 ( f ) = 0.05 12 (1 Vhub )

S 2 ( f ) = S3 ( f ) =

4
S1 ( f )
3

(6)

(7)

Mann B
B
6.3.1
6.3.1.1

13

10

PR (Vhub ) = 1 exp (Vhub 2Vave ) 2

(8)

Vave (9)

Vave = 0.2Vref

(9)

6.3.1.2 NWP
V (z) z

V (z) = Vhub ( z zhub )

(10)

0.2
6.3.1.3 NTM
1 90%

1 = 0.2 I ref (0.75Vhub + b); b = 5.6m/s

1 1 V hub 1a 1b I ref 1

1 a

14

(11)

 1b
1
6.3.2

6.3.2.1 EWM
EWM Vref
1
50 1 Ve50 Ve1 z

Ve50 (z) = 1.4Vref ( z zhub )0.11

(12)

Ve1 (z) = 0.8Ve50 (z)

(13)

15
50 1 10 z

V50 (z) = Vref ( z zhub )0.11

15

(14)

V1 (z) = 0.8V50 (z)

(15)

1 = 0.11Vhub

(16)

6.3.2.2
Vgust

Vgust

= Min 1.35(Ve1 Vhub );3.3

D

1 + 0.1( )

(17)

1 11

1 5
D

V ( z ) 0.37Vgust sin(3 t T )(1 cos(2 t T )

V ( z, t ) =
V ( z)

0t T

V ( z ) 10
T= 10.5s
Vhub = 25m / s AD=42m 2

16

(18)

6.3.2.3 ETM
6.3.1.2

1 = cI ref 0.072 ave + 3 hub 4 + 10 ;c = 2 m/s

c
c

(19)

6.3.2.4 EDC
e

e = arctan

V 1 + 0.1 D

hub
1

1 NTM 11

e 180
1 5
D

(t )
17

(20)

(t ) = 0.5 e (1-cos ( t T ) )

t<0
0t T

(21)

t >T

T=6s
6.3.1.2
A D=42m zhub = 30m Vhub
3 Vhub = 25m / s 4

3
6.3.2.5 ECD

Vcg =15m/s

(22)

V ( z)

V ( z , t ) = V ( z ) + 0.5Vcg (1-cos ( t T ) )

V ( z ) + Vcg

t0
0t T

(23)

t T

T=10s V ( z ) 6.3.1.2 Vhub = 25m / s

5

18

 5
0 cg cg

180

cg (Vhub ) = 720m / s
V
hub

Vhub < 4m / s
4m / s<Vhub < Vref

(24)

(t ) = 0.5 cg (1-cos ( t T ) )

cg

t<0
0t T

(25)

t >T

T=10s
cg Vhub (t ) Vhub = 25m / s
6 7

6 ECD

19

6.3.2.6

z z z hub
Vhub

z hub D

V ( z, t ) =

z
Vhub

z hub

D

2.5 + 0.2 1

(1 - cos ( t T ) ) 0 t T

(26)

z y
D 4
Vhub
2.5 + 0.2 1
z

1
hub D
V ( y, z, t ) =

z
Vhub

z hub

= 0.2;

(1 - cos ( t T ) ) 0 t T

= 6.4; T = 12s

1 NTM 11

1 5

8
t=0t=6s

A zhub = 30m Vhub = 25m / s D=42m

20

(27)

 8 9 8
6.4

6.4.2 6.3.1
6.4.1

-10~40
95%
IEC60721-2-1

2
1000W/m
1.225kg/m3

IEC60721-2-1
6.4.2

6.4.2.1
-20~+50
6.4.2.2
10.6
6.4.2.3

6.4.2.4
11.6 C
6.5

10%
2%

21

 2%
0.1 5s 10s-90s
20 6

7
7.1

ISO2394

7.6

7.2

ISO2394
7.3
7.3.1~7.3.4
7.3.1

7.3.2

7.3.3

7.3.4

11.4
7.4

22

2 FUF
U

UNAT

NA T f
3
2

DLC

1.1

NTM

Vin <Vhub <Vout

1.2

NTM

Vin <Vhub <Vout

1.3

ETM

Vin <Vhub <Vout

ECD
1.4

Vhub =Vr-2m/s,Vr ,Vr+2m/s

1.5

EWS

Vin <Vhub <Vout

2.1

NTM

Vin <Vhub <Vout

2.2

NTM

Vin <Vhub <Vout

EOG
2.3

Vhub =Vr 2m/sVout

2.4

NTM

Vin <Vhub <Vout

3.1

NWP

Vin <Vhub <Vout

3.2

EOG

23

Vhub =Vin ,Vr 2m/sVout

EDC
3.3

4.1

Vhub =Vin ,Vr 2m/sVout

Vin <Vhub <Vout

NWP

EOG
4.2

Vhub =Vr 2m/sVout

NTM

7
8

5.1

Vhub =Vr 2m/sVout

6.1

EWM 50

6.2

EWM 50

6.3

EWM 1

6.4

NTM

7.1

EWM 1

8.1
8.2

NTM

Vhub <0.7Vref

Vmaint

EWM 1

2
DLC

ECD
6.3.2.5
EDC
6.3.2.4
EOG
6.3.2.2
EWM
6.3.2.1
EWS
6.3.2.6
NTM
6.3.1.3
ETM
6.3.2.3
NWP
6.3.1.2

Vr 2m/s

F
7.6.3
U
7.6.2
N

*
7.6.3
2
6

24

7.4.1 DLC1.1~1.5

DLC1.1 1.2
DLC1.3 DLC1.4
1.5
DLC1.1
DLC1.3
DLC1.1
DLC1.3
c DLC1.3 DLC1.1
7.4.2 DLC2.1~2.4

DLC2.1
DLC2.2
DLC2.3
EOG

DLC2.4
7.4.3 DLC3.1~3.3

7.4.4 DLC4.1~4.2

7.4.5 DLC5.1

7.4.6
DLC6.1~6.4
DLC6.16.2 6.3
DLC6.4
EWM

ISO4354
5%

DLC6.1

25

158

DLC6.2180
6

DLC6.3
3020
DLC6.4

7.4.7 DLC7.1

EWM

180 DLC6.1
DLC7.1
7.4.8 DLC8.1~8.2
DLC8.1

5m/s
DLC8.2

7.5
7.3.1~7.3.4
z
z
z
z
z
z

6 10 60
DLC2.1,2.2 5.1 12
5s

26


7.6
7.6.1

7.6.1.1
(28)29

Fd = f Fk

(28)

Fd

f
Fk

fd =

fk

(29)

f d

m
f k

ISO2394

f m

27

7.6.1.2
n

8.3

7.6.2
7.6.3
7.6.4
7.6.5

7.6.1.3

ISO2394
ISO2394
7.6.2
S R

n S (Fd ) R( f d )

30

R R ( f d ) = f d S
S (Fd )=Fd

f Fk

m n

fk

31

2
31

28

6.3.1.1

F
DLC1.1 10
3.810-7 50
F

DLC2.12.2 5.1 10
DLC2.12.2 5.1
7.6.2.1
3
3 f

2
N

1.35

1.1

1.5

0.9

DLC1.1 Vin Vout

f = 1.25

f = 1.1+ 2
0.15
0.25

DLC1.1

Fgravity
;
1
Fk
=

1;

Fgravity Fk
Fgravity > Fk

7.6.2.2
95% 95%
m

29

 m 1.1

32

z
z

1 m

z 1.2
z 1.3

n = 0.9
n = 1.0
n = 1.3
7.6.2.3

f m n 7.6.2.1 7.6.2.2

7.6.3
1
1

G
7.6.3.1
f 1.0
7.6.3.2
50% 15% S-N

1.515%~20%

m 1.7

S-N 97.7% 3002

30

m 1.1

m 0.9

S-N 95%
95%

m 1.2

n = 1.0
n = 1.15
n = 1.3
7.6.3.3
7.6.3.1 7.6.3.2

7.6.4

f 7.6.2.1 7.6.2.2

7.6.5
2

f 3

m 1.1 m 1.0

n = 1.0
n = 1.0
n = 1.3

31

7.6.6

8.2

8.3

7.6

32

7.4.8

8.4

7.4.8

9
9.1

ISEC/ISO
7.6.1.2

9.2

9.3

33

9.4

ISO6336-1ISO6336-3
ISO6336-5 MQ ISO6336-1

S H ISO6336-2 A B
S H 1.2 S H

S F ISO6336-3 A B
S F 1.45 S F

ISO/TR13989-1 SS 1.3

9.5

10
S H S F 1.1 1.25
9.6

10 /

9.7

9.8
ISO76 ISO281
90% 20 ISO281

34

7.4 7.6

ISO76 1.0

10
10.1

10.2
6

IEC
IEC60204-1 1000V
1500V IEC60204-11
IEC60364

10.3
IEC60364

10.4

10.5
IEC60363
IEC61024-1()

IEC 60364-5-5
1000V 1500V
10.6
IEC61024-1
IEC61400-24
10.7

10.8

35

10.9
IEC61312-1

10.10
IEC61400-21
IEC61400-21
10.11
10.9
IEC61000-6-4
10.6
IEC61000-6-1 IEC61000-6-2

11
11.1

11.2
11.3

7.6.2.1

11.2
4
4

zhub
4

1.3 zhub

< 5 zhub

<10

36

< 0.3 zhub

< 10 zhub

< 0.6 zhub

< 20 zhub

< 1.2 zhub

zhub
11.3

z 50 10
z

Vin Vout p Vhub

Vhub Vin Vout Vhub Vref

z
z
z
ISO25331975

2m/s 30
10
0.2 Vref 0.4 Vref

11.4

I eff D
I eff D

37

I eff =

^
1

max
T
Vhub

33

3m
11.5

11.6

475

a
b a)

1.0

85%

11.7

38

z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
11.8

11.9

50 10 Vref

Vhub 0.2 Vref 0.4 Vref Vhub

6.3.1.1

Vhub 0.2 Vref 0.4 Vref 1

11
90%
^

1 + 1.28

34

6.3
5 zhub
11.2
0 6.3.1.2

Vr 6.4.1
0.2 Vref 0.4 Vref

Vr Vout 1
39

90%
^

1 I ef f Vhub + 1.28

35

I ef f 11.4
11.10

DLC1.1 1.2
DLC1.1 1.2
^

wake I ef f Vhub + 1.28

36

I ef f 11.4
D

I ef f Whler

m m
DLC1.1

12
12.1

12.2

40

12.3

12.4

12.5

12.6

12.7

12.8 /

12.9

12.10

41

12.11

12.12

13
13.1

10

13.2
/

z
z
z

z
z
z
z DLC8.1

z
z
z

42

13.3

13.3.1

13.3.2

z
z
z
z
z
13.3.3

13.3.4

13.4
13.4.1

z
z
z
z
z
z

13.4.2

z
z

43

z
z
z
z
z
z
z
13.4.3

13.4.4

13.4.5

z
z
z
z
z
z
z
13.4.6

z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
13.5

44

z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z

45