Name: ................................................................. Class:............................ LATIH TUBI 2: TRANSISTOR QUEST. N9-2008 1.Diagram 8 shows a transistor circuit.

The circuit is used to automatically switch on the bulb at night. 1/12 2/10 3/10 4/12 5/20 TOTAL/64 MARKS

(a) (i) Name component Q ....................................[1 mark] (ii) State two functions of component Q? ...................................[2marks] (b) What is the function of resistor R? ...................................[1 mark] (c) (i) What happens to potential difference Vp at night? Explain. ....................................................... ........................................[2 marks] (ii) Explain why the bulb is lighted up at night? ....................................................... ........................................[2 marks] (d) Bulb M is labeled 240 V, 60 W starts to light up when Vp is 2.0 V and the resistance of resistor P is 10 k. Determine the maximum resistance of resistor S.

[2 marks] (e) What happens to the bulb when it is connected directly to the transistor circuit without using the relay switch. Explain why? .......................................... ...........................[2 marks]

Melaka 2008 2. (a) Diagram 7.1 shows a resistance against temperature graph for a thermistor.

(i) State how the resistance of the thermistor varies with temperature ? ...........................................[1 mark] (ii) What is the resistance of the thermistor at 30 0C . Show on the graph how you determine the value of resistance. ..............................................[2 mark] (b) A thermistor and a light dependence resistance (LDR) are used to make a simple switch which control an air conditioner in a room as shown in Diagram 7.2.
Keys : Input P : during the day logic 1 Input P: at night - logic 0 Input Q : when hot - logic 1 Input Q : when cold - logic 0 Relay switch : switch on when output logic is 1 Relay switch : switch off when output logic 0

The air-conditioner is only activated either on a sunny day or at a hot night Table 7 shows a truth table operation indicates the logic gates which control the air-conditioner system.

Input P 0 0 1 1 Q 0 1 0 1 Table 7

Output R

[1 mark] 2

(ii) Name the logic gate in the circuit in Diagram 7. ..................................................[1 mark] (iii) In the space below , draw a symbol of the logic gate in 7b(ii).

[1 mark] (c) Diagram 7.3 shows a light dependent resistance, LDR , used in transistor circuit to control a road lamp labeled 240 V. 100 W.

At night the road lamp is switched on automatically. (i) What is the function of resistor R1 ? .................................................[1mark] (ii) Explain how the circuit function at night. ...................................................... ........................................[2 mark] (iii) Why the lamp is not connected directly to the transistor circuit? ...........................................[1 mark]

Perlis 2008 3.Diagram 7.1 shows a circuit to observe the relationship between readings of miliammeter and microammeter.

The resistance of R3 is less than 1k. When switch S is switch off, there is no reading on the miliammeter. When switch S is switch on, there are readings on the miliammeter and on the microammeter. (a) (i) State two types of most commonly used transistor ................................................................................................................................ [2 mark] (ii) Based on the observations, state two properties of a transistor ............................................ .......................................[2 mark] (iii)Explain why there is no reading on the miliammeter when S is switch off ............................................. .......................................[2 mark] (b) Diagram 7.2 shows another circuit which is using Light dependent resistor,LDR. During day time, sunlight fall on LDR and its resistance decreases.

Complete the table below with the same status of bulb Time Status of bulb, B Daytime Night [2 mark] (c) Explain what will happen to the bulb when the positions of R and LDR are changed ............................................. .......................................[2 mark]

Kelantan 2009 4. (a) Diagram 8.1 shows a relay used in an electrical circuit.

(i) What is the function of a relay? ....................................[1 mark] (ii) Explain what will happen when an electric current flow in the main circuit? ................................................. ....................................[2 mark] (b) Diagram 8.2 shows a circuit consists of an automatic switch using a relay to switch on a street light at night.

(i) Name the component labeled Q. ....................................[1 mark] (ii) State the main characteristic for component Q. ....................................[1 mark] (iii) Explain how the component Q light up the street light. ................................................. ............................................... ..................................[3 marks] (c) Diagram 8.3 shows a simple tsunami control system used to detect an earthquake and eruption volcano at the sea bed which will produced tsunami.

The circuit consists of vibration sensor, V, and water temperature sensor,T, at the sea bed. The vibration and increase in temperature detected will produced signals which will be sent to a logic gate and then to the tsunami operation detector room through the transmitter. Keys ; Vibration sensor, V : With vibration Logic 1 Vibration sensor, V : Without vibration Logic 0 Water temperature sensor, T : High temperature Logik 1 Water temperature sensor, T : Low temperature Logik 0 Output S : Radar is activated Logic 1 Output S : Radar is deactivated Logic 0 Tsunami will occur when there is a vibration or change of high temperature at the sea bed. Table 8 is a truth table which shows the operation of the logic gate in the tsunami control system. V 0 0 1 1 T 0 1 0 1 Table 8 (i) Using the keys given, complete Table 8. [2 marks] (ii) Name the logic gate in the circuit in Diagram 8.3 ....................................[1 mark] (iii) In the space below, draw the logic gate symbol in 8 c(ii). S

[1 mark]

Selangor 2009 5. A semiconductor diode is an electronic device made by joining pieces of p-type and n-type semiconductors. n-type and p- type semiconductors are produced through the doping process. (a) What is meant by doping? [1 mark] (b) Diodes act as rectifiers. They allow current to flow in one direction. With the aid of diagrams, explain the mechanism of current flow in a semiconductor diode. [4 marks] (c) Diagram 12.1 shows a transistor circuit. M and N are fixed resistors. Bulb X will light up when the potential difference across N is at least 1 V.

(i) When the resistance of M is 12 k and N is 500 , determine the potential difference across N. Will bulb X light up? [3 marks] (ii) Resistor T is used to replaced resistor M. Determine the maximum resistance of resistor T that enables bulb X to light up. [2 marks]

(d) Diagram 12.2 shows four electronic circuits W, X, Y and Z with different specifications. You are required to determine the most suitable electronic circuit to light up three bulbs 240 V,18 W automatically with normal brightness when it is dark. Study the specifications of all of the four circuits based on the following aspects :

-the position of the light dependent resistor (LDR). - the connection of the batteries. - the arrangement of the bulbs. - the use of a relay switch in the circuit. Explain the suitability of each aspect.Justify your choice. [10 marks]

SKEMA JAWAPAN LATIH TUBI 8 TRANSISTOR

1.(a) npn transistor (i) (ii) as a switch/automatic switch current amplifier//voltage stabilizer//modulator (b) to limit the current to the transistor (c)( VP increase i) Because resistance at P is higher (ii) the transistor will switch on the relay switch Ib will flow through the transistor and Ic will increase (d) 10,000 x 6 = 2 10,000+ S Resistance, S = 20 000 OR RS = VS 1000 + RS 6 RS = 20 000 The bulb will not light up because it needs higher voltage/current to light up. TOTAL The higher the resistance thE LOWER the temperature - Lines drawn on the graph. -1.35 Output,R 0111 OR 12

(e)

2. (a) (i) (ii)

(b) (i) (ii) (iii)

(c) (i) (ii)

To limit/reduce the current//To control the current flows into the base terminal. At night, resistance, R of LDR . As R , the voltage, V across the LDR also . V across the base circuit > Vmin , this will switch on the transistor and the collector circuit works.

(iii)

The voltage 6 V in the collector circuit will not light up the bulb. 10

Total 3 (a) NPN and PNP (i) The transistor will be functioning when (ii) base current is flowing As current amplifier

(iii)

There is no base current Transistor will be off, and collector current not flow. Status of bulb Daytime OFF Night ON The bulb will be light up during daytime Due to resistance of LDR is low when daylight. As an automatic switch to switch on the second circuit time

(b)

(c) 4(a) (i) (ii)

(b) (i) (ii) (iii)

LDR The resistance of LDR is low when there is light // vice versa At night, resistance Q is higher VQ higher > Vbe of battery I b increase, I c increase Relay is switch on VTS 000 011 101 111 OR

(c) (i)

(ii) (iii)

5. (a) (b)

Total Doping is a process of adding a certain amount of specific impurities to semiconductors to increase their conductivity - When the in forward-biased arrangement, - p-type to positive of battery, n-type to negative of battery. - the cell voltage greater than the junction voltage. - The depletion layer is narrow , and the resistance of diode decreases. - Hence a large current flows through the diode

12

/// Diode forward biased / diagram p-type to positive of battery, n-type to negative of battery - electron from p-type pulled across p-n junction / p-n junction narrowed / resistance decreases - Diode reverse biased / diagram p-type to negative of battery, n-type to negative of battery - both electrons and holes pulled away from p-n 10

(c) (i) (ii)

junction / p-n junction widened / resistance increases The bulb not light up VQ = 500 // 0.48 V R = 5500
1

ASPECT LDR is connected between terminal BE / base EMITTER circuit

REASON When intensity of light is low / dark, resistance of LDR increases / so VBEis large / transistor switched on

Terminal NEGATIF of batteries is connected to base//POSITIF TO THE COLLECTER Bulbs are arranged parallel Relay switch is used

So that base circuit is forward bias

Choose X

All bulbs are connected to voltage supply of 240V So that the secondary circuit will switch on // So that the electromagnet will switch on the secondary circuit Reason

11