Chapter 1 Objectives

Recognize
Recognizethe
theimportance
importanceof
of
computer
computerliteracy
literacy
Identify
Identifythe
thetypes
typesof
ofsoftware
software
Define
Definethe
theterm
termcomputer
computerand
andidentify
identify
its
itscomponents
components
Describe
Describethe
thecategories
categoriesof
ofcomputers
computers
Chapter 1 Explain
Explainwhy
whyaacomputer
powerful
computerisisaa
powerfultool
tool Determine
Determinehow
howthe
theelements
elementsof
ofan
Introduction to
an
information
informationsystem
systeminteract
interact
Recognize
Recognizethe
thepurpose
purposeof
ofaanetwork
network
Computers Identify
Identifythe
thetypes
computer
typesof
computerusers
users
of
Discuss
Discussthe
theuses
usesof
ofthe
theInternet
Internetand
andthe
the
World
WorldWide
WideWeb
Web Discuss
Discussvarious
variouscomputer
computer
applications
applicationsin
insociety
society
Distinguish
Distinguishbetween
betweeninstalling
installingand
and
running
runningaaprogram
program

Next

A World of Computers What Is a Computer?

What is computer literacy? How is a computer defined?

¾ Knowledge and understanding ¾ Electronic device operating under the control of
of computers and their uses instructions stored in its own memory
¾ Computers are everywhere
Processes data into
Accepts data information
Raw facts, figures, and
Data that is organized,
symbols
meaningful, and useful

Produces and stores results

p. 5 Fig. 1-1 Next p. 6 Next

What Is a Computer? The Components of a Computer

What is the information processing cycle? What is an input device?

¾ Input ¾ Hardware used
¾ Process to enter data
¾ Output and instructions
¾ Storage
¾ Communication

Click to view Web Link,

click Chapter 1, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Input Devices
below Chapter 1
p. 6 Fig. 1-2 Next p. 7 Fig. 1-3 Next

1
 The Components of a Computer The Components of a Computer

What is an output device? What is the system unit?

¾ Hardware that ¾ Box-like case
conveys containing
information electronic
to a user components
used to process
data

Click to view Web Link,

click Chapter 1, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Output Devices
below Chapter 1
p. 8 Fig. 1-3 Next p. 8 Fig. 1-3 Next

The Components of a Computer The Components of a Computer

What are two main components on the motherboard? What is storage?

¾ Holds data, instructions, and information
Central Processing Unit (CPU) for future use
Also called a processor
Storage
Storagemedia
media
Carries out instructions that tell computer what to do
Physical
Physicalmaterial
materialon
onwhich
whichdata,
data,instructions,
instructions,
and
andinformation
informationare
arestored
stored

Memory Storage
Storagedevice
device
Temporary holding place for data and instructions Records
Recordsand
andretrieves
retrievesitems
itemstotoand
andfrom
from
aastorage
storagemedium
medium

p. 8 Next p. 8 Next

The Components of a Computer The Components of a Computer

What is storage media? What is a floppy disk?

¾ Thin, circular,
Digital
Digital flexible disk
cameras
cameras enclosed in rigid
Portable,
Portable, thin
thin plastic shell
memory
memory cards
cards ¾ A USB flash drive is
used
used in:
in: portable, and has
Handheld
Handheld much greater
computers
computers storage capacity

p. 8 Next p. 8 Fig. 1-4 Next

2
 The Components of a Computer The Components of a Computer

What is a flash drive? What is a hard disk?

¾ Provides much ¾ Provides much
greater storage greater storage
capacity than a capacity than a
floppy disk or floppy disk or
Zip® disk USB flash drive
¾ Small and ¾ Housed inside the
lightweight enough system unit
to be transported
on a keychain or
in a pocket

p. 9 Fig. 1-5 Next p. 9 Fig. 1-6 Next

The Components of a Computer Why Is a Computer So Powerful?

What is a compact disc? What makes a computer powerful?

¾ Flat, round, portable metal disc
ƒ CD-ROM
ƒ CD-RW Reliability
ƒ DVD-ROM Storage and Speed
ƒ DVD+RW Consistency

Accuracy Communications

p. 9 Fig. 1-7 Next p. 10 Next

Networks and the Internet Networks and the Internet

What is a network? What are the reasons to network?

¾ Collection of computers and devices connected together
To
Toshare
share
Communications
Communications
Device Communications
Communications Resources
Resources
Device Media
Media Hardware
Hardware
devices
devices Software
Enables Satellites
Enablesaa Cables Software
programs To
connection
connection Telephone Cellular
programs
Data
Tosave
save
between
between Data time
lines radio time
computers
computers Information and
Information and
One type is
money
money
a modem

p. 10 Next p. 10 Next

3
 Networks and the Internet Networks and the Internet

What is a server? What is the Internet?

¾ Manages the ¾ Worldwide collection of networks that connects
resources on millions of computers
a network
¾ A client accesses
the resources
on the server

Click to view Web Link,

click Chapter 1, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Internet
below Chapter 1
p. 10 Fig. 1-8 Next p. 11 Fig. 1-9 Next

Networks and the Internet Networks and the Internet

Why do users access the Internet? What is the Web?

1. Communications ¾ Billions of documents, called Web pages, available to
2. Information anyone connected to the Internet
3. Shopping
4. Banking and Investing AAWeb
Website
siteisis
5. Classes aacollection
collectionofof
related
related Webpages
Web pages
6. Entertainment AAWeb
Webpage
pagecontains
contains
text,
text,graphics,
graphics,sound,
sound,
video, You
Youcan
canshare
video, and linkstoto
and links share
other Web pages information
informationby
by
other Web pages
creating
creatingWeb
Webpages
pages
or
orposting
postingphotos
photoson
on
aaphoto
photocommunity
community

p. 12 Fig. 1-10 Next p. 13 Next

Computer Software Computer Software

How do you install a software program? What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?
¾ A program is a series of instructions that tells the ¾ Allows you to
computer what to do interact with the
software using
graphics and icons
¾ Controls how you
enter data and how
the screen displays
information

Click to view Web Link,

click Chapter 1, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Computer Programs
below Chapter 1
p. 14 Fig. 1-13 Next p. 14 Fig. 1-14 Next

4
 Computer Software Computer Software

What is system software? What is application software?

¾ Programs that control the operations of the computer ¾ Programs that perform
and its devices specific tasks for users

Word
Operating
OperatingSystem
System(OS)
(OS) Processing
Spreadsheet
isisaaset
setof
ofprograms
programs
that
thatcoordinates
coordinatesallall Presentation
Database
activities Graphics
activitiesamong
among
computer hardware
computer hardware
devices Utility
UtilityPrograms
Programsallow allowthetheuser
usertoto
devicesandandallows
allows perform
users
userstotorun
run performmaintenance-type
maintenance-typetasks
tasks
application usually related to managing
usually related to managing a a
applicationsoftware
software computer,
computer,its
itsdevices
devicesor
orits
itsprograms
programs Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 1, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Application Software
below Chapter 1
p. 15 Next p. 16 Fig. 1-15 Next

Computer Software Categories of Computers

Javascript program
What is a programmer? What are the categories of computers?
¾ Someone who develops
application or system
software Personal computers (desktop)
ƒ Programmer writes Mobile computers
instructions to
direct computer to and mobile devices
process data into
information Midrange servers

Mainframe computers

Supercomputers

p. 17 Fig. 1-16 Resulting Internet application Next p. 18 Next

Personal Computers Personal Computers

What are the two most popular series of personal What is a desktop computer?
computers? ¾ Designed so all of the components fit on or under
a desk or table
¾ PC and compatibles ¾ Apple Macintosh
use the Windows uses the Macintosh
operating system operating system
(Mac OS)

Click to view Web

Link,
click Chapter 1, Click
Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Personal
Computers below
Chapter 1
p. 19 Figs. 1-18–1-19 Next p. 19 Fig. 1-18 Next

5
 Personal Computers Handheld Computers

What is a notebook computer? What is a tablet PC?

¾ Portable, small enough ¾ Resembles a letter-sized slate
to fit on your lap ¾ Allows you to write on the
¾ Also called a laptop screen using a digital pen
computer ¾ Especially useful for taking
¾ Generally more notes
expensive than a desktop
computer

Click to view Web Link,

click Chapter 1, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Notebook Computers
below Chapter 1
p. 20 Fig. 1-20 Next p. 20 Fig. 1-21 Next

Handheld Computers Handheld Computers

What are Web-enabled handheld computers? What is a handheld computer?

¾ Allow you to check e-mail
and access the Internet
¾ Web-enabled telephone is
a “smart phone” Small
enough to fit
Used
in your
by mobile
hand
employees such as
meter readers and
delivery people

p. 21 Fig. 1-23 Next p. 21 Next

Handheld Computers Servers

What is a personal digital assistant (PDA)? What types of servers are there?
¾ Provides personal organizer functions Midrange server Powerful, large
ƒ Calendar computer that supports up to a few
ƒ Appointment book thousand computers
ƒ Address book Mainframe Very powerful,
ƒ Calculator expensive computer that supports
ƒ Notepad thousands of computers

Supercomputer The fastest, most

powerful, most expensive
computer. Used for applications
Click to view video
requiring complex mathematical
calculations

p. 21 Fig. 1-23 Next p. 22 and 23 Figs. 1-25–1-27 Next

6
 Elements of an Information System Examples of Computer Usage

What are information system elements? What are five categories of computer users?
¾ People
¾ Procedures
¾ Data
¾ Software
¾ Hardware

p. 24 Fig. 1-28 Next p. 25 Fig. 1-29 Next

Examples of Computer Usage Examples of Computer Usage

What software is available for a home user? What software is available for a small
office/home office (SOHO) user?
¾ Local area
network (LAN)
¾ Productivity
software
¾ Specialty
software
¾ Web usage
¾ E-mail

p. 26 Fig. 1-30 Next p. 28 Fig. 1-33 Next

Examples of Computer Usage Examples of Computer Usage

What is available for What are the needs of the large business user?
a mobile user?
Public kiosk
¾ Hardware

¾ Software
ƒ Productivity
ƒ Presentation
ƒ Personal
Web access
information
manager

Network Telecommuting
Productivity software
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 1, Click Web Link Scheduling
from left navigation,
then click Enterprise Computing
below Chapter 1
p. 29 Fig. 1-35 Next p. 30 Figs. 1-37–1-40 Next

7
 Examples of Computer Usage Computer Applications in Society

What are the needs of a power user? What are some examples
¾ Speed and large amounts of storage of computer applications
¾ Types of power users in society?
ƒ Engineers ¾ Education
ƒ Architects ¾ Finance
ƒ Desktop publishers ¾ Government
ƒ Graphic artists ¾ Healthcare
¾ Science
¾ Publishing
¾ Travel
¾ Industry

Click to view video

p. 32 Fig. 1-41 Next p. 33 Figs. 1-42–1-49 Next

Summary of Introduction to Computers

The
Theimportance
importanceof
ofcomputer
computerliteracy
literacy
Types
Typesof
ofsoftware
software
The
Thecomputer
computerand
andits
itscomponents
components
Categories
Categoriesof
ofcomputers
computers
Why
Whyisisaacomputer
computerso
sopowerful?
powerful?
Elements
Elementsof
ofan
aninformation
informationsystem
system
What
Whatisisaanetwork?
network?
Types
Typesof
ofcomputer
computerusers
users
The
TheInternet
Internetand
andthe
the
World
WorldWide
WideWeb
Web
Computer
Computerapplications
applicationsin
insociety
society
Installing
Installingand
andrunning
runningaaprogram
program

Chapter 1 Complete