Umar Bin Abd.

Aziz BEB110040 BCEC3108: Research Methodology List of references

1. Mizpah, A, Ernest, KY, Moses, M, Jay, S & Samuel, A, 2009, Comparison of municipal solid
waste management systems in Canada and Ghana: A case study of the cities of London, Ontario, and Kumasi, Ghana., Waste Management, vol. 29, pp. 2779-2786. Available from: Elsevier (16 July 2009)

Abstract #1 Integrated waste management has been accepted as a sustainable approach to solid waste management in any region. It can be applied in both developed and developing countries. The difference is the approach taken to develop the integrated waste management system. This review looks at the integrated waste management system operating in the city of London, Ontario-Canada and how lessons can be drawn from the systems development and operation that will help implement a sustainable waste management system in the city of Kumasi, Ghana. The waste management system in London is designed such that all waste generated in the city is handled and disposed of appropriately. The responsibility of each sector handling waste is clearly defined and monitored. All major services are provided and delivered by a combination of public and private sector forces. The sustainability of the waste management in the city of London is attributed to the continuous improvement strategy framework adopted by the city based on the principles of integrated waste management. It is perceived that adopting a strategic framework based on the principles of integrated waste management with a strong political and social will, can transform the current waste management in Kumasi and other cities in developing countries in the bid for finding lasting solutions to the problems that have plagued the waste management system in these cities.

2. Sasitharan, N, Ismail, AR & Ade A. Construction Waste Management: Malaysian Perspective. Abstract #2 Construction industry is considered as major stimulant to Malaysia economy. However, it also generates waste from the construction activities. Managing construction waste is also an issue if not properly handle as it will gives negative impact to environment, social and finally economy. This paper presents the issues surrounding construction waste experience in Malaysia. It discusses about illegal dumping of construction waste due to attitude of the parties involved in construction industry and also common waste management strategy in Malaysia using disposal methods into landfills. Malaysia needs to embark towards waste management hierarchy through the enactment of specific construction waste regulation.

Umar Bin Abd. Aziz BEB110040

3. Sasitharan, N, Ismail, AR, Ade, A, Aftab, AM & Rosli, MZ, 2012, Identifying Causes of Construction Waste - Case of Central Region of Peninsula Malaysia., International Journal of Integrated Engineering, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 22-28. Available from: Elsevier (2012) Abstract #3 Construction waste becomes a global issue facing by practitioners and researchers around the world. Waste can affects success of construction project significantly. More specifically, it has major impact on construction cost, construction time, productivity and sustainability aspects. This paper aims to identify various factors causing construction waste in Malaysia. Study was carried out through structured questionnaire focusing three major parties (i.e. clients, consultants and contractors) involved in construction project. Data was analysed with Statistical Software Package SPSS. Reliability of data was found as 0.917 which showed that data collected was highly reliable. The calculation of Mean Rank of the construction waste causes found that the 5 key causes are Poor site management and supervision, Lack of experience, inadequate planning and scheduling, Mistakes and errors in design and finally Mistakes during construction. Spearman correlation analysis showed that Mistakes during construction was highly correlated with Rework (with 0.829 correlation value) and Slow information flow between parties (with a value of 0.60) and vice versa. Through identifying the causes and its correlation of the construction waste it gives better understanding to the construction community for future construction projects which benefit not only in term of economy but also the environment.

4. Sasitharan, N, Ismail, AR, Ade, A & Nur, FA, 2012, Study of Sites Construction Waste in Batu Pahat, Johor. Procedia Engineering, vol. 53, pp. 99 103. Available from : ScienceDirect (2013) Abstract #4 Rapid growth in construction industry has increased the problems of construction waste around the world. In Malaysia, the construction industry plays a significant role both in the infrastructure development and economic sectors. The construction industry is been regarded as one of the major contributors of negative impact to the environment. To reduce these negative impacts, it needs a comprehensive understanding of the construction waste generation and management. Hence, the

Umar Bin Abd. Aziz BEB110040

objective of this research are to identify the construction waste generation on site, to quantify the physical wastes that are generated at the construction site and to determine the construction waste management plan that have been applied in project. This research involves two ways of data collection which are by interviews and site observation. This study was conducted at three sites projects around Batu Pahat, Johor. The data collection were taken weekly in two month duration. The finding shows that, there were six types of waste produce on the three sites which are timber, metal, concrete, mortar, packaging waste and bricks. Throughout the quantifying data of the construction wastes, it shows that timber wastes were the largest contributor to the construction wastes which then followed by bricks, packaging waste and concrete. Study on construction Waste Management Plan (WMP) at sites had showed that, they were not fully applied of WMP. Hence, to minimize the waste, WMP should be fully applied on site. The finding will be an input to authorities in shaping better policy of construction waste management.