VIEWS An Object is a material thing that can be seen and touched. Every object has three type of view.

1. Isometric view 2. Orthographic view 3. ectional view Isometric view Isometric view is a method for visually representing three!dimensional objects in two dimensions in technical and engineering drawings. Orthographic view "he Orthographic view is a view that shows the object as it loo#s from the front$ right$ left$ top$ bottom$ or bac#$ and are typically positioned relative to each other according to the rules of either first! angle or third!angle projection. Sectional View ectional %iew &rojected views which show a cross section of the source object along the specified cut plane. "hese views are commonly used to show internal features with more clarity than may be available using regular projections or hidden lines "here are two types of orthographic projection method used in real world. 1. 'irst Angle &rojection method 2. "hird Angle &rojection method (oth third angle and first angle projection display the standard three orthographic views of a part or assembly. They create a 2) drawing of a 3) object. "he #ey difference between third angle and first angle is the layout of the part on the sheet. In first-angle projection$ the object is conceptually located in *uadrant I and in third-angle projection the object is conceptually located in *uadrant II.

"his is an e+ample of 'irst angle And "hird angle &rojection

DIMENTION A dimension is for si,e and position. A )I-E. IO. is a numerical value e+pressed in appropriate units of measurement and used to define the si,e$ location$ orientation$ form or other geometric characteristics of a part. "he purpose of dimensioning is to provide a clear and complete description of an object. A complete set of dimensions will permit only one interpretation needed to construct the part. )imensioning should follow these guidelines. Accuracy/ correct values must be given. 0learness/ dimensions must be placed in appropriate positions. 0ompleteness/ nothing must be left out$ and nothing duplicated. 1eadability/ the appropriate line *uality must be used for legibility.

SCA ES 2sually the word scale is used for an instrument used for drawing straight lines. (ut actually in Engineer3s language scale means the proportion or ratio between the dimensions adopted for the drawing and the corresponding dimensions of the object. !epresenting scales/ "he proportion between the drawing and the object can be represented by two ways as follows"

1. Scale" 1cm 4 1m or 1cm4155cm or 1/155 2. !epresentative #raction" 61'7 4 18155 6less than one7 i.e. the ratio between the si,e of the drawing and the object. "here are three types of scales depending upon the proportion it indicates as $. !e%&cing scale/ 9hen the dimensions on the drawing are smaller than the actual dimensions of the object. It is represented by the scale and 1' as Scale" 1cm4155cm or 1/155 and by !.#418155 6less than one7 '. #&ll scale/ ometimes the actual dimensions of the object will be adopted on the drawing then in that case it is represented by the scale and 1' as Scale" 1cm 4 1cm or 1/1 and by !.#4181 6e*ual to one7. (. Enlarging scale/ In some cases when the objects are very small li#e inside parts of a wrist watch$ the dimensions adopted on the drawing will be bigger than the actual dimensions of the objects then in that case it is represented by scale and 1' as Scale" 15cm41cm or 15/1 and by !.#4 1581 6greater than one7

An e+ample of using proper )imension and 1.' cale