DONA REMEDIOS TRINIDAD ROMUALDEZ MEDICAL FOUNDATION TACLOBAN CITY

HOMEWORK # 5 & 6 IN POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE (CHAPTERS 9, 10 & 11)

SUBMITTED BY: NESSA SOPHIA F. GUIMOC BSPT-II -STUDENT-

SUBMITTED TO: DR. LYDIA G. YUCAMCO -INSTRUCTOR-

HOMEWORK #5 (CHAPTER 9)
I. TERMINOLIGIES 1. PUBLIC FINANCE is the study of the nature and effects of the governments use of fiscal instruments such as taxing and spending, borrowing and lending, and economic planning. 2. TAXES are the compulsory charges on income, property, and goods, and services which are imposed by the government on individuals and groups. 3. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT an alteration in the social order of a society. 4. SURPLUS an amount of something left over when requirements have been met. 5. PARTISAN a strong supporter of a party, cause, or person. 6. INTERNATIONAL AGENCY an international organization with an excellent membership, scope, or person. 7. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT the construction of roads, bridges, schools, and facilities for economic growth. 8. MERIT SYSTEM under this system, a candidate demonstrates his ability for the position through competitive examinations or through the possession of special talents like a high educational attainment or long experience. 9. ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCY are composed of the government agencies which take charge of certain functions prescribed by law. 10. DEBTS the common-law action for the recovery of money held to be due. 11. SPOIL SYSTEM is the method of appointing civil service employees who have earned the patronage of influential politicians through personal or political means. 12. WRIT OF MANDAMUS an extraordinary writ, sometimes referred to as the highest judicial writ known to law, which may issue only when the court unlawfully neglects the performance of an act specifically enjoined by law as a duty resulting from the use or enjoyment of a right to which he is entitled. 13. LINE AGENCY carry out the plans and performs the actual operation of the task. 14. NATIONAL DEFENCE the cost of the upkeep forces, defense installations and new weapons. 15. CIVIL SERVICE covers those persons who are engaged in any government employment, except the elected officials, the top policy-making officials, and the members of the armed forces. 16. BUDGET the amount of money that is available for. Required for, or assigned to a particular purpose. 17. IMPARTIALITY under this rule, a government employee may not use his position in the government for his private gain. 18. PUBLIC AUDITOR analyze previous or planned expenditures as to their legality and their suitability. 19. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION refers to the jobs carrying out or enforcing the policies and programs of the government throughout the changing of all political parties.

20. DEFICIT an excess of expenditure over revenue. 21. TAXATION the amount assessed as a tax. 22. STAFF AGENCY assist the chief administrator in studying problems and in planning the operations of the office. 23. NATIONAL REPRESENTATION the organ in charge of administrative functions. 24. EMERGENCY AND RELIEF SERVICES the funds for aid to public and property damage and loss during earthquake, typhoons, and other natural calamities. 25. TASK WITH HIGH POLITICAL SALIENCY involves programs or policies which have great political implications. 26. POLITICAL SALIENCY the quality or state of being salient in politics. 27. CABINET the private room serving as council chamber of the chief councilors or ministers of a sovereign. 28. CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR a person who legally vested with the right of administration of an estate. 29. INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERVANT are those people interested in working for the international administration. 30. LEVIED the imposition or collection of an assessment.

II.

ENUMERATIONS A. 4 CONSECUTIVE STAGES IN MAKING A BUDGET 1. PREPARATION, the collection of relevant data from the separate branch and bureaus of the government and the making of a coherent budget proposal. 2. PRESENTATION AND FORMAL APPROVAL; the budget which is presented to the legislature then goes through a process in which its proposals are approved in to or amended in part, after which is formally approved. 3. EXECUTION OF BUDGET ITEMS with the assignment of funds relevant branches and bureaus of the government. 4. ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING of the different government agencies. B. 2 PRINCIPLES OF CIVIL SERVICE FUNCTIONS 1. IMPARTIALITY 2. EFFICIENCY C. 3 REASONS WHY A GOVERNMENT DEVELOPS DEFICITS IN ITS BUDGET 1. DECLINE IN REVENUES 2. ADDED COSTS OF EMERGENCIES 3. RISING COSTS OF NATIONAL IMPROVEMENTS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT D. 2 WAYS OF SELECTING MAMBERS OF THE CIVIL SERVICE 1. THE SPOILS SYSTEM 2. THE MERIT SYSTEM

E. 5 WAYS WHICH TAXES WILL LEVIED 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. INCOME OF INDIVIDUAL AND BUSINESS ENETERPRISE REAL ESTATE AND LANDED ESTATES INHERITANCE AND GIFTS IMPORTED GOODS PURCHASE OF GOODS AND SERVICES

F. 2 METHODS USED BY THE GOVERNMENT IN BORROWING MONEY 1. SELLING CERTAIN TYPES OF SECRETS OR PUBLIC BONDS 2. ACCEPTING FOREIGN LOANS OR OUTRIGHT GRANTS FROM THE FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS OR INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. G. 3 SUPERVISION OF THE STAFF AND LINE AGENCIES WHICH ARE PLACED UNDER THE FOLLOWING: 1. A SINGLE ADMINISTRATOR 2. A BOARD OF DIRECTORS, AS IN A CORPORATION OR ABANK 3. A JOINT COMMISSION, WHICH SHARES SUPERVISION BETWEEN TWO OR MORE AGENCIES, SUCH AS THOSE FOUND IN IN TERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS. H. 2 UNIQUE PROBLEMS OF THE ADMINISTRATIONS ON INTERNAL ORGANIZATION 1. THE PROBLEM OF NATIONAL REPERSENTATION 2. THE PROBLEM OF INTERNATIONAL LOYALTY I. 3 MEASURES OF CONTROL OF LEGISLATURE OVER PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1. IT CAN APPROVE OR DISAPPROVE APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES 2. IT CAN INVESTIGATE ANOMALIES WITHIN THE ADMIN ISTRATIVE AGENCIES 3. IT CAN CONFIRM OR BYPASS ADMINISTRATIVE APPOINTMENTS MADE BY THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE J. 5 REASONS FOR GOVERNMMENT SPENDING 1. 2. 3. 4. THE NATIONAL DEFENSE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT MAINTAINANCE OF INTERNAL GOVERNMENT MACHINERY, AND OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS 5. EMERGENCIES AND RELIEF SERVICES K. 2 FUNCTIONS PERFORMED BY INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERVANT 1. TESTING AND GRADING

2. CLASSIFYING CIVIL SERV

HOMEWORK # 6 (CHAPTERS 10 & 11)

I.

TERMINOLOGIES 1. NATIONAL GOVERNMENT is responsible for the armed forces, coinage, foreign relations, foreign trade and etc. 2. COMMUNES the smallest administrative district of many countries. 3. REPATRIATION to restore or return to the country of origin. 4. NATURALIZATION to introduce into common use or into the vernacular. 5. MAIRE or mayor, he is usually assisted by one deputy mayors. 6. DEPORTATION the removal from a country of an alien whose presence is unlawful or prejudicial. 7. FRAUD one that is not what it seems or is presented to be. 8. JUS-SOLI law of the soil, it provides that children are the citizens of the country where they are born, irrespectively of the citizenship of their parents. 9. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT in this kind government, more independence or political autonomy as it derives its powers not from the national government, but from its own charter or constitution. 10. EXTRADITION the surrender of an alleged criminal usually under the provisions of a treaty or statute by one authority to another having jurisdiction to try the charge. 11. LOCAL GOVERNMENT exercises such local functions as the maintenance of schools, markets, and cemeteries, the beautification of town plazas and streets, the collection of local taxes. 12. ALIEN citizens of another state. 13. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT the process by which the efforts of the local citizens are united with government officials to improve their economic, social, and cultural conditions, to integrate the rural areas into the life of the nation, and to enable them to contribute fully to national progress. 14. NATURALIZED CITIZEN they are granted to special individuals with whom the foreign government feels an extraordinary relationship. 15. ARRONDISSMENT he is aided by a council which is composed of from 10 to 36 members, elected by the people for a term of 4 years. 16. NANSEN PASSPORT the issuance of a stateless person. 17. COUNTY the domain of a count. 18. CIVIL RIGHTS a non-political right of a citizen. 19. EXPULSION the act of expelling. 20. EMIGRANT AND IMMIGRANT emigrant, having departed from a country to settle elsewhere, while immigrant, is someone who comes to a country to take up permanent residence. 21. JUS SANGUINIS a group which provides citizenship by birth. 22. CENTRALIZED GOVERNMENT the local government is dependent upon the national government. 23. POLITICAL RIGHTS a right exercisable in the administration of government.

24. NATURAL BORN CITIZEN enjoy certain special privileges which in some states, are not given to the naturalized citizens. 25. SOVEREIGNTY supreme power. 26. EXPATRIATION loss of citizenship. 27. ASYLUM an inevitable place of refuge and protection giving shelter to criminals and debtors. 28. PATRIOTISM love for or devotion to ones country. 29. DUAL NATIONALITY the status of an individual who is a citizen of two or more nations. 30. AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL a non-governmental organization based in London, monitors human rights violations throughout the world. 31. STATELESS PERSON are those who have lost their original nationality and have not yet acquired another one. 32. RECOGNITION a formal acknowledgment of the political existence of a government or nation. 33. UNDESIRERABLE ALIEN an unwanted foreign people. 34. SUBJECTS one that is placed under authority or control. 35. CHIEF ORGAN OF GOVERNMENT head of a body of persons or an organization.

II.

ENUMERATIONS A. 5 KINDS OF INTERNATIONAL DOCUMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS OF PEOPLE 1. 2. 3. 4. THE 1984 UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS THE 1966 COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAK RIGHTS THE 1966 COVENANT ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS THE 1950 EUROPEAN CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS 5. THE U.N. CHARTER AND THE BASIC DOCUMENTS AND COVENANTS SPONSORED BY THE RELATED AGENCIES OF THE U.N. B. 2 REASONS WHY GOVERNMENT DEVELOP AND DEPOSIT IN ITS BUDGET 1. FOR PUBLIC MATTERS 2. FOR PRIVATE USE C. 4 GROUNDS FOR DEPORTATION 1. CONVICTION OF SERIOUS CRIMES AS TAX EVASION, COUNTERFEITING LOCAL CURRENCY, AND MURDER 2. SUPPORT OF SUBVERSIVE ELEMENTS IN THE STATE, OR OUTRIGHT TREASON 3. FRAUDULENT DOCUMENTS OF ENTRY; OTHER UNDESIRABLE ACTS IN THE COMMUNITY 4. SERIOUS THREAT TO PUBLIC SAFETY, MORALS AND SECURITY

D. 5 LOCAL UNITS IN THE PHILIPPINES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. THE BARANGAYS MUNICIPALITIES PROVINCES CITIES REGIONS

E. 3 FORMS OF THE RIGHT OF THE PHILIPPINES 1. BILL OF RIGHTS 2. MAGNA CARTA 3. DECLARATION OF RIGHTS F. 3 TYPES OF U.S. LOCAL GOVERNMENT 1. THE STATE 2. TOWNSHIP 3. COUNTRIES G. 2 WAYS BY WHICH CITIZENSHIP WILL BE LOST 1. PERSONAL CHOICE 2. DE-NATIONALIZATIO H. 6 TOWN OFFICERS IN NEW ENGLAND 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. I. THREE TO NINE SELECTMEN CLERK TREASURER ASSESSORS COLLECTORS THE SCHOOL COMMITTEE

2 KINDS OF CITIZENS 1. NATURAL-BORN CITIZEN 2. NATURALIZED CITIZENS

J. 4 FUNCTIONS OF THE MINISTER OF INTERIOR 1. 2. 3. 4. TO ACT AS AGENT OF THE GOVERNMENT TO MAKE THE BUDGET OF THE DEPERTMENT TO APPOINT AND DISMISS SUBORDINATE TO SUPERVISE THE MILITARY CONDITIONS OF THE PEOPLE

K. 3 CLASSIFICATION OF THE RIGHTS OF CITIZENS 1. THE BIRTHRIGHTS

2. POLITICAL AND CIVIL RIGHTS 3. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL RIGHTS L. 4 REASONS FOR EXISTENCE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT 1. FIRSTLY, LOCAL GOVERNMENT FACILITATES GOVERNMENTAL EFFICIENCY. 2. SECONDLY, ECONOMY IS SECURED WITH THE EXISTENCE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT. 3. THIRDLY, LOCAL GOVRNMENT SERVES AS AN EDUCATIVE AGENCY IN MODERN REPRESETATIVE GOVERNMENT. 4. AND FINALLY, LOCAL GOVERNMENT KEEPS ALIVE THE SPIRIT OF DEMOCRACY AND LIBERTY. M. 3 FUNDAMENTAL SOURCE ON HOW CITIZENSHIP MAY BE ACQUIRED 1. BIRTH 2. THE PROCESS OF NATURALIZATION 3. MARRAIGE N. 4 FACTORS WHICH CONTRIBUTE TO DEMARTATION OF THE AREAS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT 1. 2. 3. 4. THE HISTORICAL CONDITIONS GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITIONS DENSITY OF POPULATION DELIBERATE ACTIONS OF THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

O. 4 NON-CITIZEN PERSON WHO DO NOT ENJOY FOR CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHT 1. 2. 3. 4. ALIENS STATELESS PERSONS SUBJECTS IMMIGRANTS

P. 4 COUNTRIES HAVING THEIR OWN REGIONAL PARLIAMENTS MAKING THEIR OWN LAW 1. 2. 3. 4. WALES SCOTLAND NORTHERN IRELAND LONDON