MALAYSIAN INTERNATIONAL CHEMISTRY OLYMPIAD (MIChO)

46th IChO (2014) Malaysian Team Selection (Phase One)

Questions Sheet (9 pages) 30 Questions Strictly 1.5 hours only

1.

Estimate the reaction entalphy for the production of SF 6(g) from SF4(g) given that the mean bond enthalpies of F2 SF4 and SF6 are !1"# !$4$ and !$2%&' mol(1 respectively at 2"). *. , ). .. E+othermic (4$4 &' Endothermic 4$4 &' E+othermic ($4-2 &' Endothermic $4-2 &'

2.

/hat is the o+idation number of 0n in the permanganate ion 0n14(2 *. " ,. % ). 2 .. (2

$.

3he chemical names for 40n14 and *l21$ are2 *. ,. ). .. 5otassium 0anganate (67) and *luminium (666) 1+ide 5otassium 0anganate (766) and *luminium (66) 1+ide 5otassium 0anganate (766) and *luminium (666) 1+ide 5otassium 0anganate (67) and *luminium (66) 1+ide

4.

/hat is the shape of phosphorus trifluoride2 *. ,. ). .. 3etrahedron 3rigonal planar 3rigonal bypyramidal 8one of these.

".

/hat is the designation for the subshell 9ith n: " and l : 12 *. "s ,. "p ). "d .. "f

6.

Select the electronic configuration that violates the ;und<s rule for an atom in its ground state.

1s => => => => *.

2s => => = => => = =

2p =

= =

= =

,. 2

).

..

%.

)alcium reacts 9ith 9ater as sho9n ? )a (s) ! 2;21 (l) )a(1;)2 (a@) ! ;2(g) Aiven that solubility of calcium hydro+ide at BC is 2."" + 1B(4 molDmE ho9 many grams of calcium hydro+ide is re@uired to dissolve in %$ E at BC2 ( *tomic mass of )a : 4B.B% 1 : 1".-- ; : 1.B1) *. ,. ). .. "# g %4 g 1$# g 14B g

#.

/hich of the follo9ing species does not involve the formation of dative bonds2 *. S142( ,. 8;4! ). 81$( .. F)u (8;$)4 G 2!

-.

3he formula of some o+ides are sho9n belo9? Na2O MgO Al2O3 SO2 CO2 8umber of each type of o+ide acidic amphoteric 1 2 2 B 1 1 2 1 basic 2 $ $ 2

* , ) .

1B.

3he e@uation for the reduction of iron ore in a blast furnace is given belo9. ;o9 many &ilograms of iron can be produced by the reaction of %.BB &g of Fe 21$ and $.BB &g of )12 (*tomic 9eights? Fe : "".#" 1 : 16.BB ) : 12.B1). $

Fe21$ ! $ )1 *. ,. ). .. $.6" 4.2B $.-4.%4

2 Fe ! $ )12

11.

/hat is the elemental composition of compound *2

*. ) -B.BBHI ; 1B.BBH ,. ) #6.62HI ; 1$.$#H ). ) ##.16HI ; 11.#4H .. ) 62.44HI 11B.24HI ; 2%.$2H

12.

/hat is the structure that corresponds to compound ,2

1$. 14. 1".

/hat is the structure that corresponds to compound )2 /hat is the structure that corresponds to compound .2 /hat is the structure that corresponds to compound E2

16.

Jan& the follo9ing compounds in the order of acidity.

*? ,? )? .? 1%.

66 K 6 K 666 K 67 66 K 666 K 6 K 67 67 K 6 K 666 K6 67 K 66 K 666 K 6

/hat is the relationship bet9een the t9o structures belo9?

*. ,. ). .. 1#.

Enantiomeric .iastereomeric Structural 6somer 6dentical

/hat is the maLor product of the reaction bet9een $(methy($(pentene 9ith ,r2 in ))l42 *. ,. ). .. 2 2(.ibromo(2(pentane 2 $(.ibromo(2(pentane 2 $(.ibromo($(pentane $ $(.ibromo($(pentane "

1-.

/hich of the follo9ing alcohol is relatively the strongest acid in a@ueous solution2 *. ,. ). .. );$1; );$);21; ();$)2);1; ();$)$1;

2B.

/hich is the follo9ing carbocation has the highest energy2

21.

Mn (s) ! 2;)l (a@) Mn)l2 (a@) ! ;2 (g)

3he reaction bet9een Ninc and hydrochloric acid produces hydrogen gas. 6f 4BmE of ;2 gas is collected over 9ater at 2#o) and a barometric pressure of %"B mm;g ho9 many moles of ;)l must have been consumed in the reaction2 Aiven the vapour pressure of 9ater at 2#o) is 2".4mm;g. [Gas constant = 0.08206 L atm K-1 mol-1]

*. 2.%1 + 1B(4 mol ,. 1.%# + 1B(2 mol ). $.B- + 1B($ mol .. 2.26 + 1B(4 mol

22.

)omplete combustion of gaseous hydrocarbon O produces %.B4 g of )12 and 2.16 g of ;21. B."6 g of the hydrocarbon occupies a volume of 2"6 mE 24.# o) and %"$mm;g. /hich of the follo9ing could be the plausible structural formulae of hydrocarbon O2 6. 66. 666 67 ;$)()P)();$ ;2):);();:);2 );$();:);();:);2 );2:);();2();:);2 :16, !: 1]

[Gas constant = 0.08206 L atm K-1 mol-1, RAM of C:12,

*. ,. ). ..

6 and 66 66 and 67 666 and 67 6 66 and 666

2$.

Aiven the standard heat of combustion of propene and propane are (2B"# &'Dmol and (221-.-&'Dmol respectively. /ith the help of the follo9ing e@uation determine the Q;o for the hydrogenation of propene to propane.

4 ;2 (g) ! 2 12 (g) 4 ;21 *. ( 1B4.2 &' ,. ( 11%.4 &' ). ( -6.- &' .. ( ##.6 &'

Q;o : (114$&'Dmol

24.

.ecomposition of ;212 to ;21 and 12 gas is an e+ample of first order reaction. 6f the rate constant for the decomposition & : %.2B + 1B (4 s(1 determine 9hat is the percentage of ;212 that has decomposed in the first ""Bs after the reaction begins. *. ,. ). .. 6%.$ H "#.% H 41. $ H $2.% H

2".

Formamide is a substance that is commonly used in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals dyes and agricultural chemicals. 6t decomposes at high temperature according to the follo9ing e@uation?

;)18;2 (g)

8;$ (g) ! )1 (g)

4c : 4.#4 at 4BB4

B.244 mol of formamide is allo9ed to come to e@uilibrium 9ith 8;$ and )1 in a B."2 E flas& at 4BB4. )alculate the amount of ;)18;2 present at e@uilibrium.

*. B.B1 mol ,. B.12 mol ). B.B2 mol .. B.2" mol

26.

Ruantum 0echanics concerns the physics of microscopic particles. 3he main e@uation in @uantum mechanics is the Schrodinger e@uation. 1ne sets up the Schrodinger e@uation of an atom such as the hydrogen atom and solves it to obtain the energy and "a#$f%nct&on of the atom. 3he s@uare of this "a#$f%nct&on gives the p'o(a(&l&t) d$ns&t) of the electronDs surrounding the nucleus of the hydrogen atom.

*t pre(university chemistry level students are e+posed to the concept of atomic orbitals. For e+ample you should be familiar 9ith the hydrogen 1s orbital 9hich is the lo9est energy orbital for the hydrogen atom 9here one electron resides in this orbital.

3his 1s orbital is obtained from the solution of the Schrodinger e@uation for hydrogen atom. 3he "a#$f%nct&on of the 1s orbital is represented by the mathematical function given belo9I

9here r is the distance of the electron from the nucleus and a o is the ,ohr radius 9ith a value of B."2- + 1B(# cm. 6f 9e 9ere to plot the $. probabilitistic distribution of the electron of this 1s "a#$f%nct&on 9e 9ould get the familiar loo&ing sphere shaped distribution.

*t 9hich distance from the nucleus 9ould the probability of finding an electron be a ma+imum given that the ma+imum is determined by :B2

*. 4ao ,. $ ao ). 2 ao .. ao

2%.

3he dipole moment of a molecule describes the e+tent of separation of charge of a molecule. 6t is usually e+pressed in d$()$s (.) 9here 1 . : 1B(1# esu.cm (electrostatic unit of charge + cm). .ipole moment is given by charge S multiplied by the separation distance d (.ipole moment : S.d). For e+ample for ;)l 9hich has a dipole moment of 1.B$ + 1B(1# esu.cm and S : dipole momentDd thus the charge the for ;)l is #.11 + 1B(11 esu.

For a 9ater molecule the dipole moment is ta&en along the line separating the t9o hydrogen atoms (&no9n as the )2 a+is) as depicted in the diagram belo9. 3he value -

of this dipole moment is 1.#" .. Aiven the bond length of the 1(; bond is B.-4 angstrom and the 1(;(1 angle is 1B"o calculate the charge on the o+ygen atom in esu.

*. 2.1 + 1B(1B ,. $.2 + 1B(1B ). 4.1 + 1B(1B .. ".2 + 1B(1B

2#.

3he average &inetic energy of gas molecules is related to the absolute temperature of the gas by e@uating it to o+ygen molecule at 1#o ). F& : JD8* I *vogadro number 8*? 6.B2 + 1B2$ moleculesDmolI Aas constant J? #.$1 'Dmol.4 I J*0 1? 16 gDmolG . )alculate the root mean s@uare speed % of an

*. 4.%6 + 1B2 mDs ,. ".%6 + 1B2 mDs ). 6.%6 +1B2 mDs .. %.%6 + 1B2 mDs

2-.

)onsider a mi+ture of? 1* "BB mE of B.B1BB 0 *g81$I 2* "BB mE of both B.B1BB 0 8a)l and B.B1BB 0 8a,r. /hat is the value of F*g !G F)l(G and F,r(G given the 4sp of *g,r and *g)l are ".B + 1B(1$ and 1.B + 1B(1B 02 respectively2

*. 2.B + 1B(# " + 1B($ and 2." + 1B(" 0

1B

,. $.B + 1B(- " + 1B(4 and $." + 1B(" 0 ). 4.B + 1B(1B " + 1B(" and 2." + 1B(6 0 .. ".B + 1B(11 " + 1B(6 and $." + 1B(6 0

$B.

6n a lead acid battery the discharge reaction is 5b ! 5b1 2 ! 2;2S14 25bS14 ! 2;21. /hat is the minimum amount of 5b (in both free and compound form) needed in the battery if it 9ere to deliver 1BB *.h (ampere.hour)2 3hen calculate the free energy change if the average voltage of the battery under Nero load is 27.

*. %%4.1# g and ($#6 &' ,. ##4.1% g and (4B" &' ). 1B2".22 g and T $"B &' .. 2B11.4" g and ("2$ &'

11