SAP ABAP Interview Question423351358753475..

SAP ABAP INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
Compiled By Pankaj Pravin
TRANSACTION CODES
SE30 ABAP Objects Runtime Analysis SE32 ABAP Text Element Maintenance SE33 Context Builder SE3 ABAP!" #ialo$ Modules SE3% &o$ical databases SE3' ABAP (unction Modules SE3) ABAP Editor SE3* S+litscreen Editor, Pro$ram Com+are SE"0 MP, Standards Maint- and Translation SE". Menu Painter SE"3 Maintain Area Menu SE . Screen Painter SE 2 Parameteri/ed screen+ainter call SE 0nternal table 1ie2 maintenance call SE % internal call, dis+lay table 1ie2 SE ' internal delete table 1ie2 call SE%. R!3 #ocumentation SE%2 0ndustry 3tilities SE%3 Translation, 0nitial Screen SE'. SAPscri+t 4orm SE'2 SAPscri+t Styles SE'3 SAPscri+t 4ont maintenance 5re1ised6 SE'" SAPscri+t 4ormat con1ersion SE' SAPscri+t Settin$s SE'% SAPscri+t, (orm Translation SE'' SAPscri+t Translation Styles SE') SAPscri+t, 7ra+8ics administration SE)0 Object 9a1i$ator SE). A++lication :ierarc8y SE)2 A++lication :ierarc8y SE)" R!3 Re+ository 0n4ormation System SE) ABAP!" Re+ository 0n4ormation System SE)% ABAP Re+ository 0n4ormation System SE)) #e1elo+ment Coordination 0n4o System SE)* Maintain Trees in 0n4ormation System SE*. Maintain Messa$es SE*2 9e2 Sys&o$ Ms$ Maintenance as o4 "%A SE*3 Maintain Transaction Codes SE*" Customer en8ancement simulation SE* Modi4ication Bro2ser SEPS SAP Electronic Parcel Ser1ice SERP Re+ortin$, C8an$e Tree Structure SE3 Re+ository Bro2ser S(0. Client;S+eci4ic (ile 9ames S(A< (ield Selection Maintenance SCMP =ie2 ! Table Com+arison SC30 Table Analyses And Com+arison SC3. Table Com+arison ; Ex+ort to Ta+e SC32 Table Com+arison A$ainst Ta+e
SC33 Table :istory SE.% #is+lay Table Content SE.' 7enerate Table #is+lay SE " 7enerate table 1ie2 SM3. Table maintenance SM3.>O&# Old Table Maintenance SM32 Maintain Table Parameter 0# TAB SM33 #is+lay Table Parameter0# TAB
Introduction What is ERP? ERP is a +ac?a$e 2it8 t8e tec8ni@ues and conce+ts 4or t8e inte$rated mana$ement o4 business as a 28oleA 4or e44ecti1e use o4 mana$ement resourcesA to im+ro1e t8e e44iciency o4 an enter+rise- 0nitiallyA ERP 2as tar$eted 4or manu4acturin$ industry mainly 4or +lannin$ and mana$in$ core business li?e +roduction and 4inancial mar?etAs t8e $ro2t8 and merits o4 ERP +ac?a$e ERP so4t2are is desi$ned 4or basic +rocess o4 a com+any 4rom manu4acturin$ to small s8o+s 2it8 a tar$et o4 inte$ratin$ in4ormation across t8e com+anyWhat is SAP R/3? Ans 0n .*'2A 4i1e systems analysts be$an 2or?in$ ni$8ts and 2ee?ends to create standard so4t2are 2it8 realtime data +rocessin$ SAP R!3 re4ers to Systems Application and Product for data processing Real;time 8a1in$ a 3 tier arc8itecture i-e- Presentation layerA A++lication layer and #atabase layerT8eir 1ision 2as to de1elo+ and mar?et standard enter+rise so4t2are 28ic8 2ould inte$rate all business +rocessesFacts about SAP &eadin$ $lobal +ro1ider o4 client!ser1er business so4t2are solutions-
9umber one 1endor o4 standard business a++lication so4t2are(ourt8;lar$est inde+endent so4t2are su++lier in t8e 2orldA1ailable in ." lan$ua$esMore t8an ' 00 customers in o1er *0 countries 8a1e c8osen SAP-
Why SAP? Ans :i$8ly con4i$urable-
:i$8ly secure data 8andlin$Minimi/e data redundancyA Maximi/e data consistencyCan ca+itali/e on economic o4 sales li?e +urc8asin$Ti$8t inte$ration cross 4unction-
Disadvanta !s o" SAP? Ans Ex+ensi1e-
9ot 1ery 4lexible#i44icult in customi/in$-
SAP #asics "!atur! B Con4i$uration o4 t8e SAP modules o Transaction SPRO ; t8is is t8e main tree 4or all t8e con4i$urationB (unction Cey o (. ; :el+ o (" ; Possible entries or matc8code 4or t8e 4ield you are accessin$ o ( ; Selection screen
o o o o o o B o o o o o o o o o o
(' ; Pre1ious screen () ; 9ext screen (* ; Tec8nical in4o CTR&DE ; Cut CTR&DC ; Co+y CTR&D= ; Paste 9a1i$ation !n S?i+ to t8e next record i4 you are +rocessin$ one batc8 in+ut session !bend Cancel a batc8 in+ut 4ore$round +rocess !nend Close all R!3 sessions and lo$o44 !nxxx x Call t8e transaction xxxx in t8e same session !o 7enerate a session list !oxxx x Call t8e transaction xxxx in an additional session !i #elete t8e current session !8 Turn t8e debu$ mode on !Ftab Reset all bu44ers 54or System Administrators6 !Fsyn c Sync8roni/e instances bu44ers 54or System Administrators6
0n "-xA you can 8a1e lon$ SAP transaction code u+ to a maximum o4 20 c8aracter Di""!r!nt ty$!s o" ERP ? SAPA BAA9A G# Ed2ardsA Oracle (inancialsA SiebelA Peo+leSo4t- Amon$ all t8e ERPHs most o4 t8e com+anies im+lemented or tryin$ to im+lement SAP because o4 number o4 ad1anta$es o1er ot8er ERP +ac?a$esE%$&ain th! conc!$t o" '#usin!ss Cont!nt( in SAP #usin!ss In"or)ation War!hous!? Business Content is a +re;con4i$ured set o4 role and tas?;rele1ant in4ormation models based on consistent Metadata in t8e SAP Business 0n4ormation <are8ouse- Business Content +ro1ides selected roles 2it8in a com+any 2it8 t8e in4ormation t8ey need to carry out t8eir tas?s- T8ese in4ormation models essentially contain rolesA 2or?boo?sA @ueriesA 0n4oSourcesA 0n4oCubesA ?ey 4i$uresA c8aracteristicsA u+date rules and extractors 4or SAP R!3A mySAP-com Business A++lications and ot8er selected a++licationsWhy do you usua&&y choos! to i)$&!)!nt SAP? T8ere are number o4 tec8nical reasons numbers o4 com+anies are +lannin$ to im+lement SAP- 0tHs 8i$8ly con4i$urableA 8i$8ly secure data 8andlin$A min data redundancyA max data consistencyA you can ca+itali/e on economics o4 sales li?e +urc8asin$A ti$8t inte$ration;cross 4unctionCan #W run *ithout a SAP R/3 i)$&!)!ntation? Certainly- Iou can run B< 2it8out R!3 im+lementation- Iou can use +re;de4ined business content in B< usin$ your non;SAP data- :ere you sim+ly need to ma+ t8e trans4er structures associated 2it8 B< data sources 50n4oCubesA O#S tables6 to t8e inbound data 4iles or use 3rd +art tool to connect your 4lat 4iles and ot8er data sources and load data in B<- Se1eral t8ird +arty ET& +roducts suc8 as ActaA 0n4omaticaA #ataSta$e and ot8ers 2ill 8a1e been certi4ied to load data in B<What is IDES? 0nternational #emonstration and Education System- A sam+le a++lication +ro1ided 4or 4aster learnin$ and im+lementationWhat is WF and its i)$ortanc!? Business <or? (lo2, Tool 4or automatic control and execution o4 cross;a++lication +rocesses- T8is in1ol1es coordinatin$ t8e +ersons in1ol1edA t8e 2or? ste+s re@uiredA t8e dataA 28ic8 needs to be +rocessed 5business objects6- T8e main ad1anta$e is reduction in t8rou$8+ut times and t8e costs in1ol1ed in mana$in$ business +rocesses- Trans+arency and @uality are en8anced by its useWhat ar! $r!s!ntation+ a$$&ication and databas! s!rv!rs in SAP R/3? T8e a++lication layer o4 an R!3 System is made u+ o4 t8e a++lication ser1ers and t8e messa$e ser1er- A++lication +ro$rams in an R!3 System are run on a++lication ser1ers- T8e a++lication ser1ers communicate 2it8 t8e +resentation com+onentsA t8e databaseA and also 2it8 eac8 ot8erA usin$ t8e messa$e ser1er- All t8e data are stored in a centrali/ed ser1er- T8is ser1er is called database ser1erWhat is SAP EAS, ACCESS? Ans 0t dis+lays a user menu t8at dis+lays t8e o+tion to +er4orm tas?s li?e creatin$ J modi4yin$ transaction re+orts J 2eb addressesWhat is SAP N!tW!av!r? SAP N!tW!av!r is SAPKs inte$rated tec8nolo$y +lat4orm and is t8e tec8nical 4oundation 4or all SAP a++lications since t8e SAP Business Suite- SAP 9et<ea1er is mar?eted as a ser1ice;oriented a++lication and
inte$ration +lat4orm- SAP 9et<ea1er +ro1ides t8e de1elo+ment and runtime en1ironment 4or SAP a++lications and can be used 4or custom de1elo+ment and inte$ration 2it8 ot8er a++lications and systems*hat is W!b dyna $ro? <!b Dyn$ro 5<#6 is a +ro+rietary 2eb a++lication user inter4ace tec8nolo$y de1elo+ed by SAP A7 and exists in a Ga1a Bot8 8a1e in $eneral t8e same 4unctionalityA but usually one 4la1or is im+ro1ed a4ter t8e ot8erA so tem+orary one 4la1or is more ad1anced t8an t8e ot8er- :enceA t8e decision 4or one o4 t8e t2o 4la1ors s8all be based on or$ani/ational and business circumstancesA but not on 4unctionalityMain ad1anta$es o4 <eb #yn+ro o1er ot8er tec8nolo$ies ty+ed access 4or desi$n time c8ec?sA e-$- na1i$ation lin?s and messa$es are accessed 1ia ty+es instead o4 strin$ ?eys li?e in GS( di1erse ser1ices 4or bac?end accessA li?e aR(CA GEE and <eb Ser1ice data models
inte$ration 2it8 SAP Interactive Forms by AdobeA 28ic8 are interacti1e P#( 4ormsA durin$ desi$n 5same 0#E6 and run time 5data s8arin$6 inte$ration 2it8 business +rocess mana$ement and business rules mana$ement 5since 9et<ea1er CE '-. E:P .6 desi$ned to su++ort de1elo+ment bi$ scale a++lications by addin$ multi+le $rou+in$ layers on to+ o4 Ga1a +ac?a$es 5#CsA SCsA +roducts6 runs on di44erent clients e-$- 2eb bro2serA mobile de1iceA 2id$et en$ine
Main disad1anta$es +ro+rietaryA runnin$ only on SAP ser1ers
less 4lexible due to su++ort 4or multi+le clients 5i-e- custom 8tml is not +ossible6- To reduce t8e limitationsA se1eral measures 8a1e been ta?en- (or exam+leA <# su++orts so;called LislandsL 4or e-$- 4las8 a++lications t8at enric8 t8e <eb #yn+ro 30 element collection by ric8 30 elements-
A#AP DICTIONAR, -SE../ What is an A#AP data dictionary? ABAP!" data dictionary describes t8e lo$ical structures o4 t8e objects used in a++lication de1elo+ment and s8o2s 8o2 t8ey are ma++ed to t8e underlyin$ relational database in tables!1ie2sWhat ar! th! di""!r!nt ty$!s o" data dictionary ob0!cts? Ans2er #ata #ictionary Objects B B B B B B B B B Tables =ie2s #omain #ata Element Ty+e 7rou+s Searc8 :el+s!Matc8code Objects &oc? objects Structures Table Ty+es
What ar! tab&!s? Ans 0t creates a structure M t8e table 2or? area in a +ro$ram 4or t8e database tablesA 1ie2s or structure What ar! For!i n 1!ys? Iou can de4ine t8e relations8i+s bet2een tables in t8e ABAP #ictionary by creatin$ 4orei$n ?eys-3sin$ 4orei$n ?eysA you can easily create 1alue c8ec?s 4or in+ut 4ields- (orei$n ?eys can also be used to lin? se1eral tables in a 1ie2 or a loc? objectFi!&d Assi n)!nt in th! For!i n 1!y A 4orei$n ?ey lin?s t2o tables T. and T2 by assi$nin$ 4ields o4 table T. to t8e +rimary ?ey 4ields o4 table T2Table T. is called t8e "or!i n 2!y tab&! 5de+endent table6 and table T2 t8e ch!c2 tab&! 5re4erenced table6- T8e +air o4 4ields 4or t8e t2o tables must 8a1e t8e same data ty+e and len$t8- One 4ield o4 t8e 4orei$n ?ey table t8ere4ore corres+onds to eac8 ?ey 4ield o4 t8e c8ec? table- T8is 4ield is called t8e "or!i n 2!y "i!&d-A 4orei$n ?ey +ermits you to assi$n data records in t8e 4orei$n ?ey table and c8ec? table- One record o4 t8e 4orei$n ?ey table uni@uely identi4ies one record o4 t8e c8ec? table usin$ t8e entries in t8e 4orei$n ?ey 4ieldsCh!c2 Fi!&d and 3a&u! Ch!c2 One o4 t8e 4orei$n ?ey 4ields is mar?ed as t8e ch!c2 "i!&d- T8is means t8at t8e 4orei$n ?ey relations8i+ is maintained 4or t8is 4ield-
<8en an entry is made in t8e c8ec? 4ieldA t8ere is a c8ec? 28et8er t8e c8ec? table contains a record 2it8 t8e ?ey de4ined by t8e 1alues in t8e 4orei$n ?ey 4ields- 04 t8is is soA t8e entry is 1alid- Ot8er2ise t8e system rejects t8e entry0n t8is exam+le t8e entry Field2 N 2 and Field4 N 2 2ould be rejected since T2 does not contain a record 2it8 t8e ?ey Field5 N 2 and Field6 N 204 you do not 2ant to c8ec? a$ainst all t8e ?ey 4ields o4 t8e c8ec? tableA you can exclude 4ields o4 t8e 4orei$n ?ey table 4rom t8e assi$nment o4 t8e 4ields to t8e c8ec? table 2it8 $eneric and constant 4orei$n ?eys3ariants =ariants allo2 you to sa1e sets o4 in+ut 1alues 4or +ro$rams t8at you o4ten start 2it8 t8e same selections- Iou can use t8em 4or any +ro$rams exce+t subroutine +ools S!arch h!&$s SEARC: :E&P, T8e in+ut 8el+ 5(" 8el+6 is a standard 4unction o4 t8e R!3 System- 0t +ermits t8e user to dis+lay a list o4 +ossible 1alues 4or a screen 4ield- A 1alue can be directly co+ied to an in+ut 4ield by list selectionWhat ar! a&& th! di""!r!nc!s b!t*!!n s!arch h!&$s and )atch cod! ob0!cts? 4atch Cod! Matc8codes 2ere re+laced 2it8 Searc8 :el+s startin$ 2it8 Release "-0- Please use searc8 8el+s to assi$n an in+ut 8el+ to a 4ieldExistin$ matc8codes 2ere automatically con1erted to searc8 8el+s- A matc8code object is 8ereby con1erted to a collecti1e searc8 8el+ 2it8 t8e same name- Eac8 matc8code 0# o4 t8e matc8code object is con1erted into an elementary searc8 8el+ 2it8 t8e same name and assi$ned to t8e collecti1e searc8 8el+ created 4rom t8e matc8code objectA matc8code is a means o4 4indin$ data records stored in t8e system- T8e matc8code is de4ined in t8e ABAP #ictionary in t2o ste+s, Iou 4irst de4ine t8e rele1ant tables and 4ields 4or t8e searc8 in a matc8code object- A matc8code object describes t8e set o4 all +ossible searc8 +at8s 4or a searc8 strin$Iou t8en create one or more matc8code 0#s 4or a matc8code object- A matc8code 0# describes a s+ecial searc8 +at8 4or a searc8 strin$- T8e matc8code 0# de4ines t8e 4ields or 4ield combinations to be used in t8e searc8S!arch 5!&$ <it8 t8is 4unction you can searc8 4or objectsA t8ereby de4inin$ and lin?in$ di44erent selection conditions 4or t8e searc8 8el+Iou can call t8is 4unction by, ; Selectin$ Object ;O Searc8--- 56 in t8e main menu bar o4 t8e 0nte$ration Builder ; Placin$ t8e cursor on a so4t2are com+onent 1ersion and selectin$ Searc8--- 56 in t8e context menu 5only in t8e 0nte$ration Re+ository6 0n t8is case t8e so4t2are com+onent 1ersion is de4ined as t8e searc8 criteriaWhat Function do!s data dictionary $!r"or)? Ans Central in4ormation re+ository 4or a++lication and system data- T8e ABAP #ictionary contains data de4initions 5metadata6 t8at allo2 you to describe all o4 t8e data structures in t8e system 5li?e tablesA 1ie2sA and data ty+es6 in one +lace- T8is eliminates redundancyWhat is th! di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n data !&!)!nts and do)ain? A, Data !&!)!nt ABAP!" #e1elo+ment <or?benc8 5BC;#<B6 A data element describes t8e contents o4 a 4ield- (or exam+leA a data element contains t8e (. 8el+ texts and t8e ?ey 2ord texts 54ield texts6 4or dis+layin$ t8e 4ield on t8e screenSe1eral table 4ields 2it8 identical contents can re4er to t8e same data elementDo)ain ABAP!" #e1elo+ment <or?benc8 5BC;#<B6 A domain describes t8e tec8nical attributes o4 a table 4ieldT8ese tec8nical attributes include t8e data ty+e and t8e 4ield len$t8Se1eral 4ields 2it8 t8e same tec8nical attributes can re4er to t8e same domain- 0n t8is caseA eac8 o4 t8ese 4ields 8as t8e tec8nical attributes s+eci4ied in t8is domainWhat ar! c&i!nt6d!$!ndant tab&!s and ind!$!nd!nt tab&!s?
0n SAP systems 2e 8a1e many clients- A client inde+endent table contains data t8at can be accessed 4rom any client- 7enerally t8ese tables contain SAP control dataA lan$ua$e indicators and transaction codesClient #e+endent tables contain data 28ic8 is a++licable to one s+eci4ic client- T8ese tables contain data related to a +articular com+anyA 4or e$- structure o4 t8e com+anyA basic commercial data etc-5o* to distin uish th!)? All client M de+ tables 8a1e t8e 4ield MA9#TA ot8er donHtWhat is Pri)ary 2!y+ "or!i n 2!y ? *hat is $ri)ary ind!%? s!condary ind!%? Ans, Primary index, t8e +rimary index contains ?ey 4ields o4 a table and a +ointer to non;?ey 4ields o4 t8e tableT8e +rimary index is created automatically 28en a table is created in database and moreo1er you can 4urt8er de4ine re4erence to t8e +rimary index 28ic8 are ?no2n as Secondary index5o* )any ind!%!s can b! cr!at!d "or a tab&!? Ans, *What is data c&ass? Ans, T8e data class s+eci4ies in 28ic8 table s+ace t8e table is created in database7iv! "!* na)!s o" $oo&!d tab&!s in sa$? Ans, A +ool table 8as many to one relation 2it8 t8e table in t8e database- (or one table in t8e database t8ere are many tables in t8e dictionary- T8a table in t8e database 8as a di44 name t8an in t8e table in t8e data dictA it 8as di44 no o4 4ields and 4ield names are di44erent- A +ooled table is stored in t8e +ool at t8e database le1el- A table +ool is a databse table 2it8 a s+ecial struct t8at enables t8e data o4 many R3 tables to be stored in it- 0t can 8old only +ooled tables7iv! "!* na)!s o" trans$ar!nt tab&!s? Ans, A trans+arent table 8as a one to one relataions8i+ in t8e database- T8e table in t8e dictionary 8as t8e same nameA same no o4 4ieldsA and t8e 4ields 8a1e t8e same name as in t8e R3 table de4n- A trans+arent tabel 8as a++lication data 5Master and Transaction6What is a bu""!r and ho* )any ty$!s? Ans, Bu44er is not8in$ but 28ic8 stores data tem+orarily- t8ere are t2o ty+es o4 bu44ers- t8ey are Roll and Pa$e areasPa$es , it stores t8e a++lication dataRoll area, it stores t8e data o4 +re1ious +a$es-#ata areas o4 used +ro$rams are created in roll areas 4or eac8 internal sessionWhat is tab&! )aint!nanc! !n!rator and ho* to cr!at! that? What is th! transaction cod!?
Ans, Table maintanence $enerator is not8in$ but ma?in$ a table a1ailable 4or addin$ records and deletin$ recordsT8e transaction code used is SM30-
5o* to add n!* "i!&ds to a standard sa$ tab&!? Ans, .- A++ended structures 2- Customi/in$ tables
What ar! &oc2 ob0!cts? Ans, &oc? objects are not8in$ but 28ic8 8olds a data 4or +articular 4ield 1alue until you remo1e a loc?--
In Data dictionary in th! tab&! cr!ation+What is th! $ur$os! o" T!chnica& s!ttin s8 To identi4y t8e Si/e o4 t8e Table Created and to Set 28et8er bu44erin$ needs to be done 4or t8e table or notWhat ar! th! cont!nts in t!chnica& s$!ci"ications?
Ans T8ere are 4i1e contents in Tec8nical Settin$s, #ata ClassA Si/e Cate$oryA Bu44erin$ PermissionA Bu44erin$ Ty+e and &o$$in$-
What is vi!*? Di""!r!nt ty$!s o" vi!*8 E%$&ain? Ans =ie2 ; A 1ie2 is a 1irtual table containin$ 4ields 4rom one or more tables- A 1irtual table t8at does not contain any dataA but instead +ro1ides an a++lication;oriented 1ie2 o4 one or more ABAP #ictionary tables#i44erent Ty+es o4 =ie2, .6 26 36 "6 Maintenance #atabase M 0t is on more t8an t2o tablesProjection M 0t is only on one table:el+
What ar! th! advanta !s and disadvanta !s o" usin vi!*s in A#AP $ro ra))in ad1anta$es, 1ie2 is used to retrie1e t8e data 1ery 4astly 4rom t8e database tables Bmemory 2asta$e is reduced B4aster t8an joins to retrie1e t8e data 4rom database tables disad1anta$es, 1ie2 is not a containerAit 2ill not 8old t8e data B1ie2 memory is not +ermanent memory
5o* data is stor!d in c&ust!r tab&!? A cluster table conatins data 4rom mulit+le ##0C tables0t stores data as a name 1alue +air 5 1ar?eyA 1ardata6
What ar! a r! at! ob0!ct? A$$re$ate Object M =ie2sA Matc8 Code and &oc? objects are called a$$re$ate objects because t8ey are 4ormed 4rom se1eral related table-
What is th! di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n Tab&! and T!)$&at!? table is a dynamic and tem+late is a static
What is th! di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n Pri)ary 2!y and 9ni:u! 1!y? Ans Primary Cey M 0t can acce+ts 0 1alue and cannot be 93&&3ni@ue Cey M 0t can be 93&&What is th! transaction cod! "or Tab&! )aint!nanc!? Ans SM30 What ar! th! ch!c2 tab&!s and va&u! tab&!s? Ans C8ec? Table, T8e ABAP #ictionary allo2s you to de4ine relations8i+s bet2een tables usin$ 4orei$n ?eys - A de+endent table is called a 4orei$n ?ey tableA and t8e re4erenced table is called t8e c8ec? table- Eac8 ?ey 4ield o4
t8e c8ec? table corres+onds to a 4ield in t8e 4orei$n ?ey table- T8ese 4ields are called 4orei$n ?ey 4ields- One o4 t8e 4orei$n ?ey 4ields is desi$nated as t8e c8ec? 4ield 4or c8ec?in$ t8e 1alidity o4 1alues- T8e ?ey 4ields o4 t8e c8ec? table can ser1e as in+ut 8el+ 4or t8e c8ec? 4ield=alue Table, Prior to Release "-0A it 2as +ossible to use t8e 1alue table o4 a domain to +ro1ide in+ut 8el+- T8is is no lon$er +ossibleA +rimarily because unex+ected results could occur i4 t8e 1alue table 8ad more t8an one ?ey 4ield0t 2as not +ossible to restrict t8e ot8er ?ey 4ieldsA 28ic8 meant t8at t8e en1ironment o4 t8e 4ield 2as not consideredA as is normal 2it8 c8ec? tables0n cases 28ere t8is ?ind o4 1alue 8el+ 2as a++ro+riateA you can reconstruct it by creatin$ a searc8 8el+ 4or t8e data elements t8at use t8e domain in @uestionA and usin$ t8e 1alue table as t8e selection met8odC8ec? table 2ill be at 4ield le1el c8ec?in$=alue table 2ill be at domain le1el c8ec?in$ ex, scarr table is c8ec? table 4or carridWhat is th! di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n tab&!s and structur!s? Ans Tables, .6 #ata is +ermanently stored in tables in t8e database26 #atabase tables are $enerated 4rom t8emStructure, .6 0t contains data tem+orarily durin$ +ro$ram run;time26 9o #atabase tables are $enerated 4rom itWhat ar! &oc2 ob0!cts? Ans Reason 4or Settin$ &oc?, Su++ose a tra1el a$ent 2ant to boo? a 4li$8t- T8e customer 2ants to 4ly to a +articular city 2it8 a certain airline on a certain day- T8e boo?in$ must only be +ossible i4 t8ere are still 4ree +laces on t8e 4li$8t- To a1oid t8e +ossibility o4 o1erboo?in$A t8e database entry corres+ondin$ to t8e 4li$8t must be loc?ed a$ainst access 4rom ot8er transactions- T8is ensures t8at one user can 4ind out t8e number o4 4ree +lacesA ma?e t8e boo?in$A and c8an$e t8e number o4 4ree +laces 2it8out t8e data bein$ c8an$ed in t8e meantime by anot8er transactionT8e R!3 System sync8roni/es simultaneous access o4 se1eral users to t8e same data records 2it8 a loc? mec8anism- <8en interacti1e transactions are +ro$rammedA loc?s are set and released by callin$ 4unction modules 5see (unction Modules 4or &oc? Re@uests6- T8ese 4unction modules are automatically $enerated 4rom t8e de4inition o4 loc? objects in t8e ABAP #ictionaryT2o ty+es o4 &oc?, S8ared and Exclusi1e What is th! di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n a $oo& tab&! and a trans$ar!nt tab&! and ho* th!y ar! stor!d at th! databas! &!v!&? Ans Pool Table ; .6 Many to One Relations8i+26 Table in t8e #ictionary 8as t8e di44erent nameA di44erent number o4 4ieldsA and t8e 4ields 8a1e t8e di44erent name as in t8e R3 Table de4inition36 0t can 8old only +ooled tablesTrans+arent Table M .6 One to One relations8i+26 Table in t8e #ictionary 8as t8e same nameA same number o4 4ieldsA and t8e 4ields 8a1e t8e same name as in t8e R3 Table de4inition36 0t can 8old A++lication dataA table in t8e database in 28ic8 all records 4rom t8e +ooled tables assi$ned to t8e table +ool are stored corres+onds to a table +ool- T8e de4inition o4 a +ool consists essentially o4 t2o ?ey 4ields 5Tabname and =ar?ey6 and a lon$ ar$ument 4ield 5=ardata6Table Clusters Se1eral lo$ical data records 4rom di44erent cluster tables can be stored to$et8er in one +8ysical record in a table clusterA cluster ?ey consists o4 a series o4 4reely de4inable ?ey 4ields and a 4ield 5Pa$eno6 4or distin$uis8in$ continuation records- A cluster also contains a lon$ 4ield 5=ardata6 t8at contains t8e contents o4 t8e data 4ields o4 t8e cluster tables 4or t8is ?ey- 04 t8e data does not 4it into t8e lon$ 4ieldA continuation records are created- Control in4ormation on t8e structure o4 t8e data strin$ is still 2ritten at t8e be$innin$ o4 t8e =ardata 4ieldWhat ar! 5ash!d Tab&!s? Ans :as8ed tables ; T8is is t8e most a++ro+riate ty+e 4or any table 28ere t8e main o+eration is ?ey access- Iou cannot access a 8as8ed table usin$ its index- T8e res+onse time 4or ?ey access remains constantA re$ardless o4 t8e number o4 table entries- &i?e database tablesA 8as8ed tables al2ays 8a1e a uni@ue ?ey- :as8ed tables are use4ul i4 you 2ant to construct and use an internal tableA 28ic8 resembles a database table or 4or +rocessin$ lar$e amounts o4 dataNa)! th! tab&!s+ *hich is us!d to s!! a&& th! transaction avai&ab&!8 Ans See tablesA TSTC and TSTCT 4or all t8e transaction a1ailable
What ha$$!ns *h!n a tab&! is activat!d in DD? Ans <8en t8e table is acti1atedA a +8ysical table de4inition is created in t8e database 4or t8e table de4inition stored in t8e ABAP dictionary- T8e table de4inition is translated 4rom t8e ABAP dictionary o4 t8e +articular database0t is a1ailable 4or any insertionA modi4ication and u+dation o4 records by any user-
A#AP WOR1#ENC5 -SE3;/
What is A#AP Wor2#!nch? ABAP <or?benc8 is a set o4 +ro$rams 4or de1elo+in$ enter+rise resource mana$ement 5ERM6 a++lications t8at run in t8e R!3 subsystem 4rom SAP- T8e latest 1ersion includes ABAP ObjectsA an object;oriented +ro$rammin$ lan$ua$e- R!3 2ill also run +ro$rams 2ritten in t8e earlier ABAP!" lan$ua$eWhat is th! ty$ica& structur! o" an A#AP $ro ra)? Ans :EA#ERA BO#IA (OOTERWhat is th! )!anin o" A#AP !ditor int! rat!d *ith A#AP data dictionary? Ans ABAP Editor, Tool in t8e ABAP <or?benc8 in 28ic8 you enter t8e source code o4 ABAP +ro$rams and c8ec? t8eir syntax- Iou can also na1i$ate 4rom t8e ABAP Editor to t8e ot8er tools in t8e ABAP <or?benc8What is OPEN S<= vs NATI3E S<=? Ans O+en SP& M T8ese statements are a subset o4 standard SP&- 0t consists o4 #M& command 5SelectA 0nsertA 3+dateA #elete6- 0t can sim+li4y and s+eed u+ database access- Bu44erin$ is +artly stored in t8e 2or?in$ memory and s8ared memory- #ata in bu44er is not al2ays u+;to;date9ati1e SP& M T8ey are loosely inte$rated into ABAP- 0t allo2s access to all 4unctions containin$ +ro$rammin$ inter4ace- T8ey are not c8ec?ed and con1erted- T8ey are sent directly to t8e database system- Pro$rams t8at use 9ati1e SP& are s+eci4ic to t8e database system 4or 28ic8 t8ey 2ere 2ritten- (or e-$- to create or c8an$e table de4inition in t8e ABAPWhat do!s an E>EC S<= st)t do in A#AP? What is th! disadvanta ! o" usin it? Ans To use a 9ati1e SP& statementA you must +recede it 2it8 t8e EEEC SP& statementA and 4ollo2 it 2it8 t8e E9#EEEC statement as 4ollo2s, EEEC SP& QPER(ORM097 RE9#EEECWhat ar! th! di""!r!nc!s b!t*!!n SAP )!)ory and A#AP )!)ory? Ans ABAP Memory is a memory area in t8e internal session 5roll area6 o4 an ABAP +ro$ram- #ata 2it8in t8is area is retained 2it8in a se@uence o4 +ro$ram callsA allo2in$ you to +ass data bet2een +ro$rams t8at call one anot8er- 0t is also +ossible to +ass data bet2een sessions usin$ SAP MemorySAP Memory is a memory area to 28ic8 all sessions 2it8in a SAP$ui 8a1e access- Iou can use SAP memory eit8er to +ass data 4rom one +ro$ram to anot8er 2it8in a session 5as 2it8 ABAP memory6 or to +ass data 4rom one session to anot8erWhat ar! "i!&d sy)bo&s and "i!&d rou$s? rou$s? 5av! you us!d 'co)$on!nt id% o" structur!( c&aus! *ith "i!&d
Ans (ield Symbols M T8ey are +lace8older or symbolic names 4or t8e ot8er 4ields- T8ey do not +8ysically reser1e s+ace 4or a 4ieldA but +oint to its contents- 0t can +oint to any data objects(ield;symbols (ield 7rou+s M (ield $rou+s does not reser1e stora$e s+ace but contains +ointers to existin$ 4ieldsAn extract dataset consists o4 a se@uence o4 records- T8ese records may 8a1e di44erent structures- All records 2it8 t8e same structure 4orm a record ty+e- Iou must de4ine eac8 record ty+e o4 an extract dataset as a 4ield $rou+A usin$ t8e (0E&#;7RO3PS statement
What is th! advanta ! o" structur!s? 5o* do you us! th!) in th! A#AP $ro ra)s? Ans 7&OBA& EE0STA9CE 5t8ese could be used by any ot8er +ro$ram 2it8out creatin$ it a$ain6What do!s an !%tract stat!)!nt do in th! A#AP $ro ra)? Ans Once you 8a1e declared t8e +ossible record ty+es as 4ield $rou+s and de4ined t8eir structureA you can 4ill t8e extract dataset usin$ t8e 4ollo2in$ statements, EETRACT -
<8en t8e 4irst EETRACT statement occurs in a +ro$ramA t8e system creates t8e extract dataset and adds t8e 4irst extract record to it- 0n eac8 subse@uent EETRACT statementA t8e ne2 extract record is added to t8e dataset
What is a co&&!ct stat!)!nt? 5o* is it di""!r!nt "ro) a$$!nd? Ans Collect , 04 an entry 2it8 t8e same ?ey already existsA t8e CO&&ECT statement does not a++end a ne2 lineA but adds t8e contents o4 t8e numeric 4ields in t8e 2or? area to t8e contents o4 t8e numeric 4ields in t8e existin$ entryA++end M #u+licate entries occursT8ere is no +eriod a4ter 9ati1e SP& statements- (urt8ermoreA usin$ in1erted commas 5S6 or an asteris? 5B6 at t8e be$innin$ o4 a line in a nati1e SP& statement does not introduce a comment as it 2ould in normal ABAP syntaxIou need to ?no2 28et8er table and 4ield names are case;sensiti1e in your c8osen database-
What ar! ran !s? What ar! nu)b!r ran !s? Ans Main 4unction o4 ran$es to +ass data to t8e actual selection tables 2it8out dis+layin$ t8e selection screenMinA Max 1alues +ro1ided in selection screens0t is o4ten necessary to directly access indi1idual records in a data structure- T8is is done usin$ uni@ue ?eys9umber ran$es are used to assi$n numbers to indi1idual database records 4or a commercial objectA to com+lete t8e ?ey- Suc8 numbers are e-$- order numbers or material master numbers.?@/ Na)! a "!* syst!) &oba& variab&!s you can us! in A#AP $ro ra)s?
Ans SI;S3BRCA SI;#BC9TA SI;&0&&0A SI;#AT3MA SI;3TE0TA SI;3COMMA SI;TAB0EU-SI;&0&&0 is absolute number o4 lines 4rom 28ic8 t8e e1ent 2as tri$$ered-
5o* do you ta2! car! o" $!r"or)anc! issu!s in your A#AP $ro ra)s? Ans Per4ormance o4 ABAP +ro$rams can be im+ro1ed by minimi/in$ t8e amount o4 data to be trans4erred- T8e data set must be trans4erred t8rou$8 t8e net2or? to t8e a++licationsA so reducin$ t8e amount o4 time and also reduces t8e net2or? tra44icSome measures t8at can be ta?en are, ; 3se 1ie2s de4ined in t8e ABAP!" ##0C 5also 8as t8e ad1anta$e o4 better reusability6; 3se 4ield list 5SE&ECT clause6 rat8er t8an SE&ECT B; Ran$e tables s8ould be a1oided 509 o+erator6 ; A1oid nested SE&ECTS-
5o* to "ind th! r!turn cod! o" an st)t in A#AP $ro ra)s? Ans O+en SP& 8as 2 system 4ields 2it8 return codes, .6 SI;S3BRC 26 SI;#BC9T
What ar! th! di""!r!nt ty$!s o" A#AP stat!)!nts? Ans T8ere are six ty+es o4 ABAP statements, .6 #eclarati1e ; Ty+esA #ataA Tables 26 Modulari/ation ; E1ent Cey2ords and #e4inin$ Cey2ords 36 Control ; 04UElseA <8ileA Case "6 Call ; Per4ormA CallA Set 3ser CommandA SubmitA &ea1e to 6 O+erational ; <riteA AddA Mo1e %6 #atabase ; O+en SP& J 9ati1e SP&
What is runti)! ana&ysis? 5av! you us!d this? Ans 0t c8ec?s +ro$ram execution time in microseconds- <8en you $o to SE30- 04 you $i1e desired +ro$ram name in +er4ormance 4ile- 0t 2ill ta?e you to belo2 screen- Iou can $et 8o2 muc8 4ast is your +ro$ram-
Is A#AP a 79I &an ua !? Ans IesA ABAP 0S A9 E=E9T #R0=E9 &A973A7E What ar! us!r !%its? What is invo&v!d in *ritin th!)? What $r!cautions ar! n!!d!d? Ans 3ser de4ined 4unctionality included to +rede4ined SAP standards- Point in an SAP +ro$ram 28ere a customerHs o2n +ro$ram can be called- 0n contrast to customer exitsA user exits allo2 de1elo+ers to access and modi4y +ro$ram com+onents and data objects in t8e standard system- On u+$radeA eac8 user exit must be c8ec?ed to ensure t8at it con4orms to t8e standard systemT8ere are t2o ty+es o4 user exit, .- 3ser exits t8at use 09C&3#Es ; T8ese are customer en8ancements t8at are called directly in t8e +ro$ram2- 3ser exits t8at use TAB&Es ; T8ese are used and mana$ed usin$ Customi/in$- S8ould 4ind t8e customer en8ancements belon$in$ to +articular de1elo+ment class25o* do you !t h!&$ in A#AP? Ans :E&P;SAP &0BRARIA by +ressin$ (. on a ?ey2ordWhat ar! th! !v!nts us!d in A#AP in th! ord!r o" !%!cution? Ans E1ents are, .- 090T0A&0TAT0O9 2- AT SE&ECT0O9;SCREE9 3- AT SE&ECT0O9;SCREE9 O9 "- START;O(;SE&ECT0O9 - TOP;O(;PA7E
%- TOP;O(;PA7E #3R097 &09E SE&ECT0O9 '- E9#;O(;PA7E )- E9#;O(;SE&ECT0O9 *- AT 3SER;COMMA9# .0- AT &09E;SE&ECT0O9 ..- AT P( .2- 7ET .3- 7ET &ATE."- AT 3ser Command In th! As!&!ctB stat!)!nt *hat is ' rou$ by(? 7rou+ by clause is used to 4etc8 t8e data 4rom t8e table by t8e s+eci4ied 4ield ex-select count 5B6 4rom em+table $rou+ by de+tno 28ere de+tno N .0t is used to 4ind t8e number o4 em+loyees +resent in t8e s+eci4ied de+artment noWhat ar! th! various ty$!s o" s!&!ction scr!!n !v!nt? Ans SE&ECT0O9;SCREE9 BE709 O( B&OCC ABC <0T: (RAME T0T&E T0.SE&ECT0O9;SCREE9 BE709 O( SCREE9 00 AS <09#O<CA&& SE&ECT0O9;SCREE9 00 START097 AT .0 .0What is st!$6&oo$? E%$&ain a&& th! st!$s? Ans A ste+ loo+ is a re+eated series o4 4ield;bloc?s in a screen- Eac8 bloc? can contain one or more 4ieldsA and can extend o1er more t8an one line on t8e screenSte+ loo+s as structures in a screen do not 8a1e indi1idual names- T8e screen can contain more t8an one ste+;loo+A but i4 soA you must +ro$ram t8e &OOPUE9#&OOPs in t8e 4lo2 lo$ic accordin$ly- T8e orderin$ o4 t8e &OOPUE9#&OOPs must exactly +arallel t8e order o4 t8e ste+ loo+s in t8e screen- T8e orderin$ tells t8e system 28ic8 loo+ +rocessin$ to a++ly to 28ic8 loo+- Ste+ loo+s in a screen are ordered +rimarily by screen ro2A and secondarily by screen columnTransaction TT%. 5de1elo+ment class S#<A6 im+lements a ste+ loo+ 1ersion o4 t8e table you sa2 in transaction TT%0Static and #ynamic Ste+ &oo+s What ar! th! syst!) "i!&ds? E%$&ain? Ans T8e ABAP system 4ields are acti1e in all ABAP +ro$rams- T8ey are 4illed by t8e runtime en1ironmentA and you can @uery t8eir 1alues in a +ro$ram to 4ind out +articular states o4 t8e system- Alt8ou$8 t8ey are 1ariablesA you s8ould not assi$n your o2n 1alues to t8emA since t8is may o1er2rite in4ormation t8at is im+ortant 4or t8e normal runnin$ o4 t8e +ro$ram- :o2e1erA t8ere are some isolated cases in 28ic8 you may need to o1er2rite a system 1ariable- (or exam+leA by assi$nin$ a ne2 1alue to t8e 4ield SI;&S09#A you can control na1i$ation 2it8in details listsWhat ar! th! syst!) "i!&ds u hav! *or2!d *ith? E%$&ain? Ans 0 8ad 2or?ed 2it8 t8e 4ollo2in$ 5306 system 4ields, .6 SI;#BSIS ; Central #atabase 26 SI;:OST ; Ser1er 36 SI;OPSIS ; O+eratin$ System "6 SI;SAPR& ; SAP Release 6 SI;SIS0# ; System 9ame %6 SI;&A973 ; 3ser &o$on &an$ua$e '6 SI;MA9#T ; Client )6SI;39AME ; &o$on 3ser 9ame *6 SI;#AT&O ; &ocal #ate .06 SI;#AT3M ; Ser1er #ate ..6 SI;T0M&O ; &ocal Time .26 SI;3TE0T ; Ser1er Time .36 SI;#I99R ; Screen 9umber ."6 SI;REP0# ; Current ABAP +ro$ram . 6 SI;TCO#E ; Transaction Code .%6 SI;3&09E ; :ori/ontal &ine .'6 SI;=&09E ; =ertical &ine .)6 SI;09#EE ; 9umber o4 current loo+ Pass .*6 SI;TAB0E ; Current line o4 internal table 206 SI;#BC9T ; 9umber o4 table entries +rocessed 2.6 SI;S3BRC ; Return Code 226 SI;3COMM ; (unction Code 236 SI;&09CT ; Pa$e &en$t8 o4 list
2"6 2 6 2%6 2'6 2)6 2*6 306
SI;&099O ; Current &ine SI;PA79O ; Current Pa$e 9umber SI;&S09# ; 0ndex o4 &ist SI;MS70# ; Messa$e Class SI;MS79O ; Messa$e 9umber SI;MS7TI ; Messa$e Ty+e SI;SPO9O ; S+ool number durin$ +rintin$
5o* ar! th! dat! and ti)! "i!&d va&u!s stor!d in SAP? Ans ##-MM-IIII- ::,MM,SS Ar! $ro ra)s c&i!nt d!$!nd!nt? Ans IesA $rou+ o4 users can access t8ese +ro$rams 2it8 a client numberWhat ar! th! di""!r!nt ty$!s o" data ty$!s? Ans T8ere are t8ree ty+es o4 data ty+es, #ata Ty+es Elementary Com+lex Re4erences (ixed =ariable Structure Table #ata Object =ariable What is Asynchronous and Synchronous 9$dat!? Ans Async8ronous 3+date M T8e +ro$ram does not 2ait 4or t8e 2or? +rocess to 4inis8 t8e u+date- Commit <or?Sync8ronous 3+date M T8e +ro$ram 2ait 4or t8e 2or? +rocess to 4inis8 t8e u+dateCommit <or? and <aitWhat ar! th! !n!ra& na)in Ans S8ould start 2it8 I or Tconv!ntions o" A#AP $ro ra)s?
Int!rna& Tab&!s
What ar! Int!rna& Tab&!s? An internal table is a tem+orary table stored in RAM on t8e a++lication ser1er- 0t is created and 4illed by a +ro$ram durin$ execution and is discarded 28en t8e +ro$ram ends- &i?e a database tableA an internal table consists o4 one or more ro2s 2it8 an identical structureA but unli?e a database tableA it cannot 8old data a4ter t8e +ro$ram ends SiC! o" th! int!rna& tab&!s? T8e si/e o4 t8e internal tables are set usin$ t8e Koccurs nK clause- :ere n re4ers to a inte$er number t8at s+eci4ies t8e si/e- 3sually its $i1en as Koccurs 0K 28ic8 creates an itab 2it8 t8e memmory s+ace o4 )?bWhat is th! basic di""!r!nc! int!rna& tab&!s and databas! tab&!s? 5o* can *! di""!r!ntiat! by &oo2in at th! tab&!s? 5and&in o" int!rna& tab&!s T8e basic di44erence is database tables are stored in #B ser1er and t8e internal tables are 1irtual tables t8ese are created run time only 0nternal tables are created dynamicallyA t8e memory o4 internal tables is not +ermant memoryA 4or internal tables t8e memory 2ill be created in t8e a++lication ser1er and it is external memory and terminates a4ter t8e +ro$ram terminationTy+es o4 internal tables T8ere are t8ree ty+es o4 0nternal Tables exist.-Standard 0nternal Tables, T8ese tables 8a1e a linear index and can be accessed usin$ t8e index or t8e ?ey- T8e res+onse time is in linear relations8i+ 2it8 number o4 table entries- T8ese tables are use4ul 28en user 2ants to address indi1idual table entries usin$ t8e index2-Sorted 0nternal Tables, T8ese tables also 8a1e an index and t8e ?ey- ButA t8e res+onse time is in lo$arit8mic relations8i+ 2it8 number o4 table entriesA since it uses binary searc8 al$orit8m instead o4 linear searc8- T8ese tables are use4ul 28en user 2ants t8e table to be sorted 28ile additional entries 8a1e to be added3-:as8ed 0nternal Tables, T8ese tables 8a1e no indexA but 8a1e t8e ?ey- T8e res+onse time is constant irres+ecti1e o4 number o4 table entriesA since it uses a :as8 al$orit8m- T8ese tables are use4ul 28en user 2ants to access t8e entries 2it8 ?ey onlyE""!ctiv! *ays o" usin Int!rna& Tab&!s? Create 0nternal table 2it8out :eader-#o all t8e internal table o+erations by Creatin$ <or?area- T8is 2ould be t8e e44ecient 2ay o4 codin$- VbrO#onKt 4or$et to C&EAR <or?area 28ene1er it is re@uired5o* to E&i)inat! du$&icat! !ntri!s in th! int!rna& tab&!s? To delete all du+licate entries 4rom a sorted internal table 5e-$- just a4ter SORT6A you can use t8e #E&ETE A#GACE9T #3P&0CATES (ROM itab statement- Iou can use t8e COMPAR097 adition to limit t8e 4ields t8at are used to test 4or du+licate entries e-$-SORT i>tab by matnr 2er?s lo$ort-#E&ETE A#GACE9T #3P&0CATES (ROM itab COMPAR097 matnr 2er?s-All du+licates 2it8e same combination o4 matnr and 2er?s 2ill be deleted 5o* to contro& Int!rna& Tab&!s? T8e control brea?s in an 0nternal Table are At 4irst At ne2 At end o4 Sum Control &e1els are o4 ty+es , .6 AT (0RST 26 AT 9E< 36 AT E9# O( "6 AT &AST 6 O9 C:A97E O( E%$&ain ro* ty$! and &in! ty$! conc!$t line ty+e re4ers to t8e structure o4 an internal tableA28ereas ro2 ty+e is t8e actual +art t8at contains t8e data and it re4ers to t8e table body-creatin$ internal table usin$ line ty+e and ro2 ty+e conce+t is 4or reusability +ur+ose-&ine ty+e and Ro2 ty+e are de4ined at ##0C &E=E&-
E%$&ain int!rna& tab&! *ith and *ithout h!ad!r?
0nternal tables are o4 t2o ty+es .- tables 2it8 8eader line 2- tables 2it8out 8eader line<it8 8eader line#ata can be directly $o to 8eader 4irst and 2ill be +laced in body 28en 2e used APPE9# statement- 0t canKt be used 4or nestin$ o4 internal tablesex, data, itab li?e mara occurs 0 2it8 8eader lineor itab li?e standard table o4 e??o 2it8 8eader lineT8en itab is a internal 2it8 8eader line so you can use itab directlyex, select B 4rom itab 09TO TAB&E itab 28ere matnr in +>matnrloo+ at itab2rite,!.0 itab;4ld.AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA endloo+Tables 2it8out 8eader line, (or t8ese tables 2e need to create a ex+licit 8eader Q2or?areaR and doin$ anyt8in$ 4or data s8ould be t8rou$8 t8at ex+licit 8eader onlyex, data, itab li?e maraA 2a li?e maraitab is a internal table 2it8out 8eader line Qonly bodyR and 2a is t8e ex+licit 2or?area4or t8is itab 28en you 2ant to +o+ulate data you 8a1e to do li?e t8isselect B 4rom mara into 2a 28ere mantr in +>matnra++end itab 4rom 2aendselect(or accessin$ data o4 internal table loo+ at itab into 2a2rite,!.0 2a;4ld.A --------------------------endloo+-
SCREEN PAINTER -SED./
What ar! Scr!!n Paint!rs? Screen Painter is an ABAP Editor tools allo2ed us to create dialo$ screen- #ialo$ screen usually created as a screen to catc8 user in+ut- 0t can be accessed by tcode SE .Screen Painter Arc8itecture, .8 Scr!!n Attribut!s #e4ine screen titleA de4ine its ty+e 5normalA subscreen6E8 F&o* &o ic (lo2 lo$ic control 4lo2 o4 +ro$ram- T8e e1ent bloc? is introduced by t8e corres+ondin$ ?ey2ord statementA and it concludes eit8er 28en t8e next bloc? is introducedA or at t8e end o4 t8e +ro$ramT8ere are 4our e1ent bloc?sA eac8 o4 28ic8 is introduced 2it8 t8e screen ?ey2ord PROCESS, PROCESS BE(ORE O3TP3T--PROCESS A(TER 09P3T--PROCESS O9 :E&P;REP3EST--PROCESS O9 =A&3E;REP3EST(lo2 lo$ic structured on e1entA in abo1e exam+le 2e can see t8ere are t2o e1ent in1ol1edA L+rocess be4ore out+utL 5PBO6 and L+rocess a4ter in+utL 5PA06PBO +rocessed be4ore t8e screen is dis+layed- 0t allo2 us to de4ine toolbar and titleA +ositionin$ t8e cursorA s8o2in$ and 8idin$ 4ields and c8an$in$ 4ield attributes dynamicallyPA0 +rocessed a4ter user command 5double clic?A +us8 button6- 0t is allo2 us to 1alidate user in+utA and determine next +rocess based on user command0n 4lo2 lo$icA 2e only de4ine module name to de4ine +ro$ram 4lo2A to create Lreal codeLA double clic? on module name to create itA t8en 2rite +ro$ram in it38 =ayout Editor <e use layout editor to +lace screen element in screen layout- T8ere are t2o modes in editin$ layout, 7ra+8ical and al+8anumeric- Bot8 modes o44er t8e same 4unctions but use di44erent inter4aces- 0n $ra+8ical modeA you use a dra$ and dro+ inter4ace similar to a dra2in$ tool- 0n al+8anumeric modeA you use your ?eyboard and menus- 0t is easier to 2or? in $ra+8ical modeA to to$$le bet2een t8is modeA in SE . $o to, 3tilities;OSettin$s, in screen +ainter tabs c8ec? $ra+8ical layout editor&ayout editor containin$ t8is tools, i- Element +allete On le4t screen you 2ill 4ind list o4 element 5textboxA labelA c8ec?box6 you can use- #ra$ and dro$ element to +ut it on screenii- 9ame J Text A4te4 +ut element on screenA 2rite its name and text 5in textboxA text 2ill set de4ault 1alue6iii- Attributes <indo2 #ouble clic? t8e element to dis+lay its attributesA or select it t8en clic? ,7oto;OSecondary 2indo2;Oattributes- (or exam+leA in textbox elementA 2e can set its len$t8A read only modeA in t8is 2indo2i1- #ictionary!+ro$ram 4ield04 2e 2ant to create a 4ield re4er to 4ield in data dictionay or 4ield already declared in +ro$ramA use t8is menu to create text 4ield 2it8 t8e same ty+e com+ared to its re4erral@8 E&!)!nt &ist8 Element list s8o2n all element in screen- <e rarely use t8is menuA because it easier to maintain element in layout editorWhat ar! th! !v!nts in Scr!!n Pro ra))in ? Ans T8ere are t2o e1ents in Screen Pro$rammin$, .- PBO 5Process Be4ore Out+ut6 M Be4ore t8e screen is dis+layedA t8e PBO e1ent is +rocessed2- PA0 5Process A4ter 0n+ut6 M <8en t8e user interacts 2it8 t8e screenA t8e PA0 e1ent is +rocessed3- PO: 5Process On :el+6 ; are tri$$ered 28en t8e user re@uests 4ield 8el+ 5(.6- Iou can +ro$ram t8e a++ro+riate codin$ in t8e corres+ondin$ e1ent bloc?s- At t8e end o4 +rocessin$A t8e system carries on +rocessin$ t8e current screen"- PO= 5Process On =alue6 ; are tri$$ered 28en t8e user re@uests +ossible 1alues 8el+ 5("6- Iou can +ro$ram t8e a++ro+riate codin$ in t8e corres+ondin$ e1ent bloc?s- At t8e end o4 +rocessin$A t8e system carries on +rocessin$ t8e current screenWhat ar! th! di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n ca&& scr!!n and &!av! scr!!n?
Ans Call Screen, Callin$ a sin$le screen is a s+ecial case o4 embeddin$ a screen se@uence- 04 you 2ant to +re1ent t8e called screen 4rom co1erin$ t8e current screen com+letelyA you can use t8e CA&& SCREE9 statement 2it8 t8e START097 AT and E9#097 AT CA&& SCREE9 .000CA&& SCREE9 .000 START097 AT .0 .0 E9#097 AT 20 20&EA=E SCREE9 statement ends t8e current screen and calls t8e subse@uent screen&EA=E SCREE9&EA=E TO SCREE9 2000What ar! di""!r!nc!s b!t*!!n At s!&!ction6scr!!n and At s!&!ction6scr!!n out$ut? Ans AT SE&ECT0O9;SCREE9 e1ent is tri$$ered in t8e PA0 o4 t8e selection screen once t8e ABAP runtime en1ironment 8as +assed all o4 t8e in+ut data 4rom t8e selection screen to t8e ABAP +ro$ramAT SE&ECT0O9;SCREE9 O3TP3T ; T8is e1ent bloc? allo2s you to modi4y t8e selection screen directly be4ore it is dis+layedWhat ar! th! !&!)!nts o" s!&!ction scr!!n? Ans T8ere are elements o4 selection screen, Selection;screen include bloc?s Selection;screen include +arameters Selection;screen include select;o+tions Selection;screen include comment Selection;screen include +us8;button =ist o" Scr!!n !&!)!nts8 Ans T8ere are .3 screen elements, i- 0n+ut ! out+ut 4ields ii- Text 4ields iii- C8ec?box i1- Radio button 1- Pus8 Button 1i- #ro+ do2n list 1ii- Subscreen 1iii- Table control ix- Tabstri+ control x- Custom control xi- Box xii- Status icons xiii- OC>CO#E 4ields 5o* )any d!"au&t Tab Stri$s ar! th!r!? 5o* to ins!rt )or! Tabs in it? Ans T8ere 2 de4ault Tab stri+s- Screen +ainter attributes contain Tab TitleA 28ic8 is used to insert more tabs in tab stri+What ar! di""!r!nt ty$!s o" scr!!n 2!y*ords? Ans T8ere are 4our ty+es o4 screen ?ey2ords, ModuleA &oo+A C8ain and (ieldWhat ar! scr!!n $aint!r? 4!nu $aint!r? 7ui status? 88!tc8 Ans dyn+ro ; 4lo2 lo$ic D screensmenu +ainter ; 730 Status ; 0t is subset o4 t8e inter4ace elements 5title barA menu barA standard tool barA +us8 buttons6 used 4or a certain screenT8e status com+rises t8ose elements t8at are currently needed by t8e transactionDo!s SAP has a 79I scr!!n $aint!r or not? I" y!s *hat o$!ratin Ans IesO+eratin$ System M <indo2s based Screen Painter M Al+8a numeric Screen Painter syst!)s is it avai&ab&! on?
4!nu Paint!r Pur$os! T8e Menu Painter is one o4 t8e tools o4 t8e ABAP <or?benc8- Iou use it to desi$n user inter4aces 4or your ABAP +ro$rams and to de4ine t8e 4unctions t8at you 2ant to use 2it8in t8ese inter4aces-
F!atur!s ,ABAP +ro$rams contain a 2ide 1ariety o4 4unctions 28ic8 4all into di44erent cate$ories 2it8in t8e user inter4ace- An instance o4 t8e user inter4ace consistin$ o4 a menu barA a standard toolbarA an a++lication toolbarA and a 4unction ?ey settin$A is called a 730 status- T8e 730 status and 730 title de4ines 8o2 t8e user inter4ace loo?s and be8a1es in an ABAP +ro$ram-
4OD9=ARIFATION TEC5NI<9ES
What is an instanc!? Ans <8en you call a 4unction moduleA an instance o4 its 4unction $rou+ +lus its dataA is loaded into t8e memory area o4 t8e internal session- An ABAP +ro$ram can load se1eral instances by callin$ 4unction modules 4rom di44erent 4unction $rou+sWhat is Function rou$? Di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n "unction rou$ and "unction )odu&!? Ans (unction 7rou+s act as containers 4or (unction Modules t8at lo$ically belon$ to$et8er(unction 7rou+s .6 T8ese cannot be de4ined in a (unction Module26 0t cannot be called36 T8ey are containers 4or (unction Module(unction Modules .6 T8ese must be de4ined in a (unction 7rou+26 0t can be called 4rom any +ro$ram36 T8ey are not containers 4or (unction 7rou+5o* to Cr!at! any "unctions? 5o* to Ans Ste+s 4or creatin$ t8e (unctions, (irst Procedure, .6 !nSE3' 26 7oto 36 (unction 7rou+ 5(76 "6 Create 7rou+ 6 9ame o4 (7 5TREC:A>(76 %6 S8ort Text '6 Sa1e &ocal Object Second Procedure .6 En1ironment 26 0nacti1e Object 36 (unction 7rou+ 5TREC:A>(76 "6 Acti1ate 6 Bac? T8ird Procedure .6 9ame o4 (unction Module 5TREC:A>(M6 26 Create 36 <rite (7 9ame 5TREC:A>(76 "6 S8ort Text 6 Sa1e (ourt8 Ste+, Call 4unction WTREC:A>(MHFunction )odu&!s us!d in F@ h!&$8 Ans T8ere are t2o ty+es o4 4unction modules used in (" 8el+, .6 ("0(>(0E&#>=A&3E>REP3EST 26 ("0(>09T>TAB&E>=A&3E>REP3EST What ar! th! !%c!$tions in "unction )odu&!? Ans Exce+tions, Our 4unction module needs an exce+tion t8at it can tri$$er i4 t8ere are no entries in table SP(&0 t8at meet t8e selection criterion- T8e exce+tion 9OT>(O39# ser1es t8is 4unctionCOMM390CAT0O9>(A0&3RE J SISTEM>(A0&3RE What ar! di""!r!nt ty$!s o" attribut!s o" Function 4odu&!? o about it?
Ans T8ere are % attributes o4 (M, .- 0m+ort 2- Ex+ort 3- Table "- C8an$in$ - Source %- Exce+tion
What ar! th! inc&ud! $ro ra)s? Ans <8en t8e same se@uence o4 statements in se1eral +ro$rams is to be 2ritten re+eatedly- T8ey are coded in include +ro$rams 5External +ro$rams6 and are included in ABAP!" +ro$ramsWhat is th! di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n )acro and subroutin!? Macros can only be used in t8e +ro$ram t8e are de4ined in and only a4ter t8e de4inition are ex+anded at com+ilation ! $eneration- Subroutines 5(ORM6 can be called 4rom bot8 t8e +ro$ram t8ey are de4ined in and ot8er +ro$rams - A MACRO is more or less an abbre1iation 4or some lines o4 code t8at are used more t8an once or t2iceA (ORM is a local subroutine 528ic8 can be called external6- A (39CT0O9 is 5more or less6 a subroutine t8at is called external- Since debu$$in$ a MACRO is not really +ossibleA +re1ent t8e use o4 t8em 50H1e ne1er used t8emA but seen t8em in action6- 04 t8e subroutine is used only local 5called internal6 use a (ORM- 04 t8e subroutine is called external 5used by more t8an one +ro$ram6 use a (39CT0O9Can you ca&& a subroutin! o" on! $ro ra) "ro) anoth!r $ro ra)? Ans IesA only external subroutines 3sin$ WS3BM0TH statement
#DC -#atch Data Co))unication/ What ar! Conv!rsion G Int!r"ac! $ro ra)s in SAP? Ans CO9=ERS0O9, &e$acy system to 4lat 4ile09TER(ACE, (lat 4ile to SAP system<8at is t8e structure o4 a B#C sessionsWhat is #DC? 0t is a ty+e o4 CO9=ERS0O9 in SAP- To con1ert 9on;SaP data to SAP Ty$!s o" #DCBs? Ans T8ere are t2o ty+es o4 B#CHs, .6 Transaction Met8od 26 Session Met8od Advanta !s G Disadvanta !s o" di""!r!nt ty$!s o" #DCBs? Ans Transaction Met8od, .6 0t is 4aster t8an session met8od26 <8ile executin$A it starts 4rom startin$Session Met8od, .6 0t is slo2er t8an transaction met8od26 <8ile executin$A it does not start 4rom startin$5o* to *rit! a #DC 6 ho* do u o about it? Ans Ste+s 4or 2ritin$ B#C .6 !nSE3) 26 #eclare TablesA #ata 54or 0TAB6 and #ata 54or B#C0TAB6 36 Call 4unction W3+loadH"6 <rite code 4or t8e (irst ScreenA Radio ButtonA (ilenameA C8an$e ButtonA Second ScreenA 3tilities 5Create Entries6A T8ird Screen and Sa1e6 Call transaction WSE..H usin$ B#C0TAB mode WAH%6 Sa1eA C8ec? ErrorsA Acti1ate and ExecuteWhat is a batch in$ut s!ssion? Ans BATC: 09P3T SESS0O9 is an intermediate ste+ bet2een internal table and database table- #ata alon$ 2it8 t8e action is stored in session i-e- data 4or screen 4ieldsA to 28ic8 screen it is +assedA +ro$ram name be8ind itA and 8o2 next screen is +rocessedCreate session M B#C>OPE9>7RO3P 0nsert batc8 in+ut M B#C>09SERT Close session M B#C>C&OSE>7RO3P What is th! a&t!rnativ! to batch in$ut s!ssion? Ans Call Transaction Met8od J Call #ialo$
A situationH An A#AP $ro ra) cr!at!s a batch in$ut s!ssion8 W! n!!d to sub)it th! $ro ra) and th! batch s!ssion in bac2 round8 5o* to do it? Ans 7o to SM3% and create bac?$round job by $i1in$ job nameA job class and job ste+s 5GOB SC:E#3&0976 What ar! th! $rob&!)s in $roc!ssin di""!r!nt "ro) $roc!ssin on &in!? batch in$ut s!ssions? 5o* is batch in$ut $roc!ss
Ans T2o Problems, ; .6 04 t8e user 4or$ets to o+t 4or ?ee+ session t8en t8e session 2ill be automatically remo1ed 4rom t8e session @ueue 5lo$ remains6- :o2e1erA i4 session is +rocessed 2e may delete it manually26 04 session +rocessin$ 4ailsA data 2ill not be trans4erred to SAP database tableIs S!ssion 4!thod+ Asynchronous or Synchronous X Ans Sync8ronous What ar! th! "i!&ds in a #DCITab and #DCDATA Tab&!? Ans (ields o4 B#C>Tab J B#C#ATA Table, Sr-9o (ields ; #escri+tion .6 Pro$ram ; B#C Module +ool 26 #yn+ro ; B#C Screen 9umber 36 #ynbe$in ; B#C Screen Start "6 (name ; (ield 9ame 6 (1al ; B#C 4ield 1alue Ans B#C#ATA What do you do *h!n th! syst!) crash!s in th! )idd&! o" a #DC batch s!ssion? Ans <e 2ill loo? into t8e error lo$ 4ile 5SM3 6- C8ec? number o4 records already u+dated and delete t8em 4rom in+ut 4ile and run B#C a$ainWhat do you do *ith !rrors in #DC batch s!ssions? Ans <e loo? into t8e list o4 incorrect session and +rocess it a$ain- To correct incorrect sessionA 2e analy/e t8e session to determine 28ic8 screen and 1alue +roduced t8e error- (or small errors in data 2e correct t8em interacti1ely ot8er2ise modi4y batc8 in+ut +ro$ram t8at 8as $enerated t8e session or many times e1en t8e data 4ileWhat ar! th! "unction )odu&! in #DC? Ans T8ere are t8ree 4unction module in B#C, .6 B#C>OPE9>7RO3P 26 B#C>09SERT 36 B#C>C&OSE>7RO3P Writ! th! st!$s to !%!cut! s!ssion )!thod8 Ans Ste+s 4or execution Session Met8od, .6 System 26 Ser1ice 36 Batc8 0n+ut "6 Session 6 C8oose Session 9ame %6 Process '6 As?s 4or Mode 5#is+lay All ScreenA #is+lay Errors J Bac?$round6 What ar! th! di""!r!nt ty$!s o" )od! -run cod!/ in Ca&& Transaction )!thod? Ans T8ere are t8ree modes in Call Transaction, A M #is+lays All Screen E M #is+lay Errors 9 M Bac?$round Processin$ Di""!r!nc! b/* ca&& transaction and s!ssion Call transaction session .- sync8ronous u+dation only sync8ronous u+dation o+tional 2- errors can 8andled error lo$ is created ex+licitely 3- 4aster slo2er "- less amount o4 data more can trans4er - u+dation ta?es +lace u+dation ta?es +lace durin$ +ro$ram execution once t8e session bein$ created What is th! di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n 9$&oad and WSI9$&oad ? T8e di44rence bet2een <S>3+load and 3+load is 28en you use 4unction 3+load it +rom+ts 4or a dailo$ box 28ere in you need to ?ey in t8e 4ile location-<8ere as in case o4 <S>3+load you s+eci4y t8e 4ile location in t8e 4unction in+ut +arameters itsel4
I" I *ant to !%!cut! a $ro ra) on&y in bac2 round not in "or! round is th!r! any o$tion "or this? T8e sm3' transaction can be used 4or runnin$ a +ro$ram in t8e bac?$round- Also in t8e session met8od 28ile +rocessin$ t8e session you can s+eci4y t8e +rocessin$ ty+e as bac?$round or 4ore$round-
What 2ind o" #DC $ro ra)s ar! *ritt!n ? T8ere are 4i1e ty+es o4 B#C met8ods a1ailable- T8ey are .-Batc8 in+ut session 2-Call Transaction 3-Recordin$ "-#irect 0n+ut and -&SM< 5o* to r!ad "i&!s and $roc!ss #DCs auto)atica&&y? To read 4ile 4rom Presentation ser1er use 3+load or 730 3+load or <S u+load and to read 4ile 4rom A++lication ser1er use O+end #atasetARead dataset and Close dataset In s!ssion )!thod sy6subrc is not r!turn!d *h!r!as in ca&& transaction )!thod sy6subrc is r!turn!d 8 *hat do!s it )!an? <8ile to trans4er t8e data 4rom t8e t8rou$8 i4 any errors occurs until t8e errors are t8e com+lete t8e data is not trans4er to t8e SAP systemt8e system com+ulsory s8o2s t8e errors- t8at errors are stored into t8e error lo$s 5Transaction is SM3 6so t8e session met8od s8ould not return any 1alue0n call transaction met8od data is directly +ass to t8e SAP systemSo its com+ulsory return t8e 1alueBecause o4 t8e call transaction is t8e 4unctionA 4unction s8ould return t8e 1alue mandatory-
LSMW
=S4 Wor2b!nchH What is it? T8e &SM <or?benc8 is an R!3;based tool t8at su++orts Iou 28en trans4errin$ data 4rom non;SAP systems 5L&e$acy SystemsL6 to SAP systems. once or +eriodicallyT8e tool su++orts con1ersion o4 data o4 t8e le$acy system in a con1enient 2ay- T8e data can t8en be im+orted into t8e SAP system 1ia batc8 in+utA direct in+utA BAP0s or 0#ocs Ad1anta$es T8e main ad1anta$es o4 t8e LSM Workbench: Part o4 t8e SAP system and t8us inde+endent o4 indi1idual +lat4orms A 1ariety o4 tec8nical +ossibilities o4 data con1ersion, #ata consistency due to standard im+ort tec8ni@ues, Batc8 in+ut #irect in+ut BAP0s 5Business A++lication Pro$rammin$ 0nter4aces6 0#ocs 50ntermediate #ocuments6 T8e im+ort tec8ni@ue to be used in an indi1idual case de+ends on t8e business object 7eneration o4 t8e con1ersion +ro$ram on t8e basis o4 de4ined rules Clear interacti1e +rocess $uide 0nter4ace 4or data in s+reads8eet 4ormat Creation o4 data mi$ration objects on t8e basis o4 recorded transactions C8ar$e;4ree 4or SAP customers and SAP +artners Pro0!ct+ Sub$ro0!ct and Ob0!ct On t8e initial screenA you can create a ne2 +rojectA corres+ondin$ sub+rojects and objects 1ia Edit - !reate ne" entry Project, An 0# 2it8 a maximum o4 .0 c8aracters to name your data trans4er +roject- 04 you 2ant to trans4er data 4rom se1eral le$acy systemsA you may create a +roject e-$- 4or e1ery le$acy system Sub+roject, An 0# 2it8 a maximum o4 .0 c8aracters t8at is used as 4urt8er structurin$ attribute Object, An 0# 2it8 a maximum o4 .0 c8aracters to name t8e business objectWhat is di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n #DC G =S4W? T8e di44erences bet2een &SM< and B#C are as 4ollo2s, &SM< is $enerally 4or normal SAP a++licationsA 28ile B#C is mainly 4or any customi/ed a++lication&SM< +ro1ides 1arious met8ods 4or t8e mi$ration o4 dataA namelyA t8ose o4 direct in+utA Batc8 in+ut recordin$ and 0#OC- B#C 8o2e1erA sim+ly ma?es use o4 recordin$- T8ere are t2o 2ays o4 im+lementin$ B#CA t8e call transaction met8od and t8e session met8od0n &SM<A ma++in$ is ta?en care o4 2it8 t8e 8el+ o4 SAPA 28ereas in B#C one 8as to +ro1ide ex+licit ma++in$ directionsCodin$ is not 1ery 4lexible in &SM<A 28ereas in B#CA codin$ is 1ery 4lexible and a++lications can be easily customi/ed- T8is is mainly because &SM< is de1ised s+ecially 4or 4unctional consultants 28o do not +er4orm codin$A 28ile B#C is mainly made use o4 by tec8nical consultantsA 28o do +er4orm codin$
REPORTS How many types of reports are t ere !n SAP" A report is a presentation of data in a specific format & organized structure. 1) Classical report 2) Interactive report 3) ABAP quer !) "#B report $) A"% report &) 'AP'C(IP) *) '+A(),-(+'
#$ass!%a$ Reports
What ar! C&assica& R!$orts? T8ese re+orts consist o4 only one screen !list as an out+ut 0t dis+lays data usin$ t8e 2rite statement inside a loo+ T8ey are normal re+orts J do not contain any sub re+ortEv!nts .23"%in C&assica& R!$ort 090T0A&0TAT0O9 AT SE&ECT0O9;SCREE9 START;O(;SE&ECT0O9 E9#;O(;SE&ECT0O9 TOP;O(;PA7E E9#;O(;PA7E
C&aus!s o" C&assica& r!$ort &09E;S0TE &09E;CO39T MESSA7E;0# 9O STA9#AR# PA7E :EA#097 5o* do u dis$&ay a data in a D!tai& =ist? Ans By usin$ t2o statements, .6 To+;o4;+a$e durin$ line;selection 26 At line;selection
Intera%t!&e Reports
What ar! Int!ractiv! R!$orts? Ans An out+ut list 28ic8 dis+lays just t8e basic details J allo2 user to interactA so t8at a ne2 list is +o+ulated based on user;selection- <it8 interacti1e listA t8e user can acti1ely control data retrie1al and dis+lay durin$ t8e session-
What ar! th! co))ands us!d "or int!ractiv! r!$orts? Ans To+;o4;Pa$e durin$ line;selection
What is PF6STAT9S? Ans P(;Status is used in interacti1e re+ort 4or en8ancin$ t8e 4unctionality- 04 2e $o to SE".A 2e can $et menusA items and di44erent 4unction ?eysA 28ic8 2e are usin$ 4or secondary list in interacti1e re+ort-
What is th! si ni"icanc! o" 5IDE? Ans 0ts stores t8e clic? 1alue and dis+lay t8e related record in t8e secondary list-
Wh!r! do u cod! th! 5IDE stat!)!nt? Ans 0n a &OOP statement
What ar! th! !v!nts us!d in Int!ractiv! R!$orts8 Ans T8ere are t8ree e1ents o4 0nteracti1e Re+orts, 0- At P(5nn6 00- At line;selection 000- At user;command
Syst!)s "i!&ds us!d "or Int!ractiv! =ists AND =ists Ans 0nteracti1e System (ields, SI;&S09#A SI;CPA7EA SI;&0&&0A SI;&0SE&A SI;&0ST0A SI;&STATA SI;STACOA SI;STARO &ists, SI;CO&9OA SI;&09CTA SI;&099OA SI;&09STA SI;PA79OA
SI;T=AR0U--SI;T=AR*A SI;<T0T&
5o* do u )ov! on to th! n!%t scr!!n in int!ractiv! r!$ortin ? Ans <rite code o4 t8e 4ollo2in$, .6 To+;o4;Pa$e durin$ line;selection 26 At line;selection
What is r!ad &in!? Ans REA# &09E and REA# C3RRE9T &09E M T8ese statements are used to read data 4rom t8e lines o4 existin$ list le1els- T8ese statements are closely connected to t8e :0#E tec8ni@ue-
5o* do you va&idat! th! s!&!ction crit!ria o" a r!$ort? And ho* do you dis$&ay initia& va&u!s in a s!&!ction scr!!n? Ans T8e selection criteria is 1alidated in t8e +rocessin$ bloc? o4 t8e AT SE&ECT0O9 SCREE9 e1ent 4or t8e in+ut 1alues on t8e screen and res+ecti1e messa$es can be sentTo dis+lay initial 1alues in t8e selection screen, .6 3se 090T0A&0TAT0O9 E=E9T 26 3se #E(A3&T =A&3E o+tion o4 PARAMETERS Statement 36 3se SPA!7PA Parameters 5P0#s6=alidate, ; by usin$ matc8 code objects#is+lay ,; Parameters de4ault WxxxHSelect;o+tions 4or s+4li;carrid0nitial 1alues in a selection screen, 090T0A&0TAT0O9#9O;&O< N .0#9O;:07: N 30 S079 0OPT0O9 9BAPPE9# #9OWhat is an int!ractiv! r!$ort? What is th! obvious di""!r!nc! o" such r!$ort co)$ar!d *ith c&assica& ty$! r!$orts? Ans An 0nteracti1e re+ort is a dynamic drill do2n re+ort t8at +roduces t8e list on users c8oice#i44erence, ; a6 T8e list +roduced by classical re+ort doesnHt allo2 user to interact 2it8 t8e system 28ere as t8e list +roduced by interacti1e re+ort allo2s t8e user to interact 2it8 t8e systemB6 Once a classical re+ortA executed user looses control 28ere as 0nteracti1eA user 8as controlC6 0n classical re+ortA drillin$ is not +ossible 28ere as in interacti1eA drillin$ is +ossibleA#AP <9ER, What Is SAP <u!ri!s ? Many times a need arises 4or SAP 3sers and (unctional Consultants to $enerate @uic? re+orts 2it8out $ettin$ any ABAP codin$ done M time ta?en to com+lete t8e codin$ in de1elo+mentA trans+ort and test it in PA system and t8en trans+ort to +roduction M is sometimes too lon$- 0n suc8 casesA ABAP!" @uery is a tool +ro1ided by SAP 4or $eneratin$ t8ese ?ind o4 re+ortsTy+e o4 Re+ort #esired, Be4ore startin$ to 2rite an ABAP @ueryA its ad1isable to decide t8e ty+e o4 re+ort t8at t8e user 2ants- ABAP @uery +ro1ides t8e 4ollo2in$ ty+e o4 re+orts,
Basic &ist Statistics Ran?ed &ist
Sim+le re+ort Re+ort containin$ statistical 4unctions li?e A1era$e JPercenta$e Re+ort 2ritten 4or analytical +ur+ose
What ar! th! advanta !s and disadvanta !s o" A#AP :u!ry too&? Ans Ad1anta$es, 9o +ro$rammin$ ?no2led$e is re@uired#isad1anta$es, #e+endin$ on t8e com+lexity o4 t8e database tablesA it may not be easy 4or t8e user to select t8e necessary data correctlyIs a &o ica& databas! a r!:uir!)!nt/)ust to *rit! an A#AP :u!ry? Ans 9oA it is not must to use &#B- A+art 4rom itA 2e 8a1e ot8er o+tions, .6 Table join by Basis Table 26 #irect Read o4 table 36 #ata Retrie1al by Pro$ram
SAPScri$ts What is SAP Scri$t? What is th! $ur$os! o" SAP Scri$t? Di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n SAP Scri$t and R!$ort? Ans SAP Scri+t M 0t is t8e inte$rated text mana$ement system o4 t8e SAP R!3 System- T2o ty+es M PC Editor J &ine EditorRe+orts ; 0t is t8e 2ay to dis+lay data 4etc8ed 4rom database table onto screen or directly out+ut it to a +rinterT2o ty+es M Classical and 0nteracti1eWhat ar! th! di""!r!nt "unctions us!d in sa$ scri$t? What ar! th! $ara)!t!rs us!d in !ach Function? Ans T8ere are t8ree di44erent 4unctions used in SAP Scri+t, .6 OPE9>(ORM 26 <R0TE>(ORM 36 C&OSE>(ORM Parameters in Eac8 (unction, .6 OPE9>(ORMM Ex+ortin$ (orm &an$ua$e 26 <R0TE>(ORMM Ex+ortin$ Element <indo2 36 C&OSE>(ORM What ar! standard &ayouts s!ts in th! SAP Scri$t? Ans T8ere are 4our standard layouts in t8e SAP Scri+t, .6 :eader 26 &o$o 36 Main <indo2 "6 (ooter Di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n 9P=OAD and WSI9P=OAD? Ans 3P&OA# ; (ile trans4er 2it8 dialo$ 4rom +resentation ser1er 4ile to internal table- #ata 28ic8 is a1ailable in a 4ile on t8e +resentation ser1er is trans4erred in an internal table- ASC00 J Binary 4iles can be trans4erred<S>3P&OA# ; To read data 4rom t8e +resentation ser1er into an internal table 2it8out a user dialo$A use t8e 4unction module <S>3P&OA#- T8e most im+ortant +arameters are listed belo2What ar! th! ty$!s o" *indo*s in SAP Scri$t? Ans T8ere are 4i1e Standard &ayouts in SAP Scri+t, .6 Pa$e 26 <indo2 36 Pa$e <indo2 "6 Para$ra+8 (ormat 6 C8aracter (ormat
What ar! th! "unction )odu&!s us!d in a SAP Scri$t driv!r $ro ra)? Ans T8ere are t8ree 4unctions used in SAP Scri+t, .6 OPE9>(ORM 26 <R0TE>(ORM 36 C&OSE>(ORM ?@/ =o o in SAP Scri$t? Ans RSTE&#MC OR Ste+s 4or ma?in$ and insertin$ &o$o in SAP Scri+t, (irst Procedure, .6 #ra2 t8e +icture 26 Sa1e it 36 !nSE') "6 <rite name J C8oose Color 6 Clic? on 0m+ort %6 Bro2se +icture '6 Enter Second Procedure .6 !nSE'. 26 0nsert 36 7ra+8ics "6 Clic? on stored on document ser1er 6 Execute %6 C8oose name o4 BMAP I" I "or ot so)! co))and in SAP Scri$t !8 8H su$$r!ss C!ro dis$&ay 6 5o* to do "ind it? Ans Su++ressin$ o4 entire screens is +ossible 2it8 t8is command- T8is command allo2s us to +er4orm screen +rocessin$ Yin t8e bac?$roundS- Su++ressin$ screens is use4ul 28en 2e are branc8in$ to list;mode 4rom a transaction dialo$ ste+Can th!r! b! )or! than . )ain *indo* in SAP Scri$t? Ans 9oA t8ere cannot be more t8an . main 2indo2 in SAP Scri+t because in <R0TE>(ORMA it as?s 4or t8e +arameter <indo2 t8at 2ill create t8e +roblem<R0TE>(ORMM Ex+ortin$ Element <indo2 What is th! di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n OPENIFOR4 and C=OSEIFOR4? Ans OPE9>(ORM M T8is module o+ens layout set +rintin$- T8is 4unction must be called u+ be4ore 2e can 2or? 2it8 ot8er layout set 4unction li?e <R0TE>(ORM<R0TE>(ORM M Out+ut text element in 4orm 2indo2- T8e s+eci4ied element o4 t8e layout set 2indo2 entered is out+ut- T8e element must be de4ined in t8e layout setC&OSE>(ORM M End layout set +rintin$- (orm +rintin$ started 2it8 OPE9>(ORM is com+leted- Possible closin$ o+erations on t8e 4orm last o+ened are carried out- (orm +rintin$ must be com+leted by t8is 4unction module- 04 t8is is not carried outA not8in$ is +rinted or dis+layed on t8e screenWhat ar! th! $a ! *indo*s? 5o* )any )ain *indo*s *i&& b! th!r! in a $a ! *indo*? Ans Pa$e <indo2, 0n t8is 2indo2A 2e de4ine t8e mar$ins 4or le4tA 2idt8A u++er and 8ei$8t 4or t8e layout o4 :eaderA &o$oA MainA J (ooter5o* to d!bu a scri$t? Ans 7o to SE'.A $i1e layout set nameA $o to utilities select debu$$er mode on5o* )any )a%i)u) s!ssions can b! o$!n in SAP ui? Ans T8ere are maximum % sessions o+en in SAP$uiWhat ar! &o ica& databas!s? What ar! th! advanta !s/disadvanta !s o" &o ica& databas!s? Ans To read data 4rom a database tables 2e use lo$ical databaseA lo$ical database +ro1ides read;only access to a $rou+ o4 related tables to an ABAP!" +ro$ramWhat is SAP Scri$t and &ayout s!t? Ans T8e toolA 28ic8 is used to create layout set is called SAP Scri+t- &ayout set is a desi$nA a++earance and structure o4 documentWhat ar! th! A#AP co))ands that &in2 to a &ayout s!t?
Ans Control CommandsA System Commands What ar! th! di""!r!nt !&!)!nts in &ayout s!ts? Ans PA7ESA Pa$e 2indo2sA :eaderA Para$ra+8A C8aracter Strin$A <indo2sCan you us! i" th!n !&s!+ $!r"or)88!tc stat!)!nts in sa$ scri$t? Ans Ies5o* do you nu)b!r $a !s in SAP Scri$t &ayout out$uts? Ans J +a$e J Jnext Pa$e J What ta2!s )ost ti)! in SAP scri$t $ro ra))in ? Ans &AIO3T #ES079 A9# &O7O 09SERT0O95o* do you us! tab s!ts in &ayout s!ts? Ans #e4ine +ara$ra+8 2it8 de4ined tabs5o* do you bac2u$ SAP Scri$t &ayout s!ts? Can you do*n&oad and u$&oad? 5o*? Ans SAP scri+t bac?u+ ,; 0n transaction SE'. $oto 3tilities ;O Co+y 4rom client ;O 7i1e source 4orm nameA source client 5000 de4ault6A Tar$et 4orm name#o2nload ,; SE'.A ty+e 4orm name ;O #is+lay ;O 3tilities ;O 4orm in4o ;O &ist ;O Sa1e to PC 4ile3+load ,; Create 4orm 2it8 +a$eA 2indo2A +a$e 2indo2 2it8 t8e 8el+ o4 do2nloaded PC 4ile- Text elements 4or Pa$e 2indo2s to be co+ied 4rom PC 4ile=D#- =o ica& Databas!/ What is a =o ica& Databas!? Advanta !s G disadvanta !s8 Ans &o$ical #atabases are s+ecial ABAP +ro$rams t8at retrie1e data and ma?e it a1ailable to a++lication +ro$rams3se o4 &#B M is used to read data 4rom database tables by lin?in$ t8em to executable ABAP +ro$ramsAd1anta$es, ; T8e +ro$rammer need not 2orry about t8e +rimary ?ey 4or eac8 table- Because &o$ical database ?no2s 8o2 t8e di44erent tables relate to eac8 ot8erA and can issue t8e SE&ECT command 2it8 +ro+er 28ere clause to retrie1e t8e data.6 An easy;to;use standard user inter4ace26 C8ec? 4unctionsA 28ic8 c8ec? t8at user in+ut is com+leteA correctA and +lausible36 Meanin$4ul data selection"6 Central aut8ori/ation c8ec?s 4or database accesses6 7ood read access +er4ormance 28ile retainin$ t8e 8ierarc8ical data 1ie2 determined by t8e a++lication lo$ic%6 9o need o4 +ro$rammin$ 4or retrie1alA meanin$ 4or data selection #isad1anta$es, ; .6 04 you do not s+eci4y a lo$ical database in t8e +ro$ram attributesA t8e 7ET e1ents ne1er occur26 T8ere is no E9#7ET commandA so t8e code bloc? associated 2it8 an e1ent ends 2it8 t8e next e1ent statement 5suc8 as anot8er 7ET or an E9#;O(;SE&ECT0O9636 (ast in case o4 lesser no- o4 tables But i4 t8e table is in t8e lo2est le1el o4 8ierarc8yA all u++er le1el tables s8ould be read so +er4ormance is slo2erWhat ar! th! !v!nts us!d "or =o ica& Databas!? Ans T2o E1ents M .6 7ET ; T8is is t8e most im+ortant e1ent 4or executable +ro$rams t8at use a lo$ical database- 0t occurs 28en t8e lo$ical database 8as read a line 4rom t8e node
and made it available to the program in the work area declared using the statement NODES
- T8e de+t8 to 28ic8 t8e lo$ical database is read is determined by t8e 7ET statements26 P3T ; T8e P3T statement directs t8e +ro$ram 4lo2 accordin$ to t8e structure o4 t8e lo$ical databaseWhat is th! di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n 7!t and 7!t =at!?
ns !E" # $ter the logical database has read an entry $rom the node %!E" & "E # $ter all o$ the nodes o$ the logical database have been processed that are below
in t8e database 8ierarc8y-
I" u ar! usin =o ica& Databas!s ho* *i&& u )odi"y th! s!&!ction6scr!!n !&!)!nts? Ans Select;o+tions , dname 4or de+tt;dnameWhat is s!:u!nc! o" !v!nt tri !r!d in r!$ort? Ans T8ere are % e1ents in re+ort, .6 0nitiali/ation 26 At Selection;Screen 36 Start;o4;Selection "6 7et 6 7et &ate %6 End;o4;Selection '6 To+;o4;Pa$e )6 End;o4;Pa$e *6 At &ine Selection .06 At 3ser Command ..6 At P( 5nn6
A=3 R!$orts What is A=3 $ro ra))in in A#AP? Wh!n is this rid us!d in A#AP? A&= is A++lication &ist 1ie2er- Sa+ +ro1ides a set o4 A&= 5ABAP &0ST =0E<ER6 4unction modules 28ic8 can be +ut into use to embellis8 t8e out+ut o4 a re+ort- T8is set o4 A&= 4unctions is used to en8ance t8e readability and 4unctionality o4 any re+ort out+ut- Cases arise in sa+ 28en t8e out+ut o4 a re+ort contains columns extendin$ more t8an 2 c8aracters in len$t8- 0n suc8 casesA t8is set o4 A&= 4unctions can 8el+ c8oose selected columns and arran$e t8e di44erent columns 4rom a re+ort out+ut and also sa1e di44erent 1ariants 4or re+ort dis+lay- T8is is a 1ery e44icient tool 4or dynamically sortin$ and arran$in$ t8e columns 4rom a re+ort out+ut- T8e re+ort out+ut can contain u+ to *0 columns in t8e dis+lay 2it8 t8e 2ide array o4 dis+lay o+tionsWhich ca&& "unctions ar! us!d in A=3 r!$orts? T8e commonly used A&= 4unctions used 4or t8is +ur+ose areZ .- RE3SE>A&=>=AR0A9T>#E(A3&T>7ET 2- RE3SE>A&=>=AR0A9T>(" 3- RE3SE>A&=>=AR0A9T>EE0STE9CE "- RE3SE>A&=>E=E9TS>7ET - RE3SE>A&=>COMME9TARI><R0TE %- RE3SE>A&=>(0E&#CATA&O7>MER7E '- RE3SE>A&=>&0ST>#0SP&AI )- RE3SE>A&=>7R0#>#0SP&AI *- RE3SE>A&=>POP3P>TO>SE&ECT 5o* you ca&& this "unction in your r!$ort? A4ter com+letion o4 all t8e data 4etc8in$ 4rom t8e database and a++end t8is data into an 0nternal Table- say 0>0TABT8en use 4oll2in$ 4unction moduleCA&& (39CT0O9 KRE3SE>A&=>7R0#>#0SP&AIK EEPORT097 0>CA&&BACC>PRO7RAM N KPro$-nameK 0>STR3CT3RE>9AME N K0>0TABK 0>#E(A3&T N KEK 0>SA=E N KAK TAB&ES T>O3TTAB N 0>0TAB0( SI;S3BRC VO 0<R0TE, KSI;S3BRC, KA SI;S3BRC E9#0(E9#(ORML 7ET>(09A&>#ATA A#AP =ist 3i!*!r T8e common 4eatures o4 re+ort are column ali$nmentA sortin$A 4ilterin$A subtotalsA totals etc- To im+lement t8eseA a lot o4 codin$ and lo$ic is to be +ut- To a1oid t8at 2e can use a conce+t called ABAP &ist =ie2er 5A&=6-
3sin$ A&=A 2e can 8a1e t8ree ty+es o4 re+orts, .- Sim+le Re+ort 2- Bloc? Re+ort 3- :ierarc8ical Se@uential Re+ort T8ere are some 4unction modules 28ic8 2ill enable to +roduce t8e abo1e re+orts 2it8out muc8 e44ortAll t8e de4initions o4 internal tablesA structures and constants are declared in a ty+e;+ool called S&0SSi)$&! R!$ort T8e im+ortant 4unction modules are, [ Reuse>al1>list>dis+lay [ Reuse>al1>4ieldcatalo$>mer$e [ Reuse>al1>e1ents>$et [ Reuse>al1>commentary>2rite [ Reuse>al1>$rid>dis+lay A8 RE9SEIA=3I=ISTIDISP=A,H T8is is t8e 4unction module 28ic8 +rints t8e data#8 RE9SEIA=3IFIE=DCATA=O7I4ER7EH T8is 4unction module is used to +o+ulate a 4ieldcatalo$ 28ic8 is essential to dis+lay t8e data in A&= C 8 RE9SEIA=3IE3ENTSI7ETH Returns table o4 +ossible e1ents 4or a a list ty+e D8 RE9SEIA=3ICO44ENTAR,IWRITE H T8is is used in t8e To+;o4;+a$e e1ent to +rint t8e 8eadin$s and ot8er comments 4or t8e listE8 RE9SEIA=3I7RIDIDISP=A,H A ne2 4unction in "-% 1ersionA to dis+lay t8e results in $rid rat8er t8an as a listParameters , same as reuse>al1>list>dis+lay 5IERARC5ICA= REPORTS A8 RE9SEIA=3I5IERSE<I=ISTIDISP=A, #=OC1 REPORT T8is is used to dis+lay multi+le lists continuouslyT8e im+ortant 4unctions used in t8is re+ort are, A- RE3SE>A&=>B&OCC>&0ST>090T B- RE3SE>A&=>B&OCC>&0ST>APPE9# C- RE3SE>A&=>B&OCC>&0ST>#0SP&AI #- RE3SE>A&=>B&OCC>:S>&0ST>APPE9# A8 RE9SEIA=3I#=OC1I=ISTIINIT T8is 4unction module is used to set t8e de4ault 730 status etc#8 RE9SEIA=3I#=OC1I=ISTIAPPEND T8is 4unction module adds t8e data to t8e bloc?INTERNA= TA#=ES IN S=IS S&isItI"i!&dcatIa&v H T8is internal table contains t8e 4ield attributes- T8is internal table can be +o+ulated automatically by usin$ WRE3SE>A&=>(0E&#CATA&O7>MER7EH0m+ortant Attributes, a- col>+os , +osition o4 t8e column b- 4ieldname , internal 4ieldname c- tabname , internal table name d- re4>4ieldname , 4ieldname 5dictionary6 e- re4>tabname , table 5dictionary6 4- ?ey5.6 , column 2it8 ?ey;color $- icon5.6 , icon 8- 8ots+ot5.6 , 8ots+ot i- Symbol5.6 , symbol j- C8ec?box5.6 , c8ec?box ?- just5.6 , 5R6i$8t 5&6e4t 5C6ent l- do>sum5.6 , sum u+ m- no>out5.6 , 5O6bli$- 5E6no out n- out+utlen , out+ut len$t8 o- seltext;l , lon$ ?ey 2ord +- seltext>m , middle ?ey 2ord @- seltext>s , s8ort ?ey 2ord r- re+text>ddic , 8eadin$5ddic6 s- ddictxt5.6 , 5S68ort 5M6iddle 5&6on$ t- dataty+e , dataty+e
S=ISITIE3ENT H 0nternal table 4or storin$ all t8e +ossible e1ents o4 t8e A&=- T8is can be +o+ulated by t8e 4unction module Reuse>al1>e1ents>$et T8e columns are , name , name o4 t8e e1ent 4orm , name o4 t8e routine S,NTA>ES FOR T5E RO9TINES IICA==#AC1IPFISTAT9SISET T8e table RT>EETAB contains t8e 4unction codes 28ic8 are 8idden in t8e standard inter4aceIICA==#AC1I9SERICO44AND T8e structure rs>sel4ield 8as t8e details about t8e current cursor +ositionS4ARTFOR4S What ar! S4ARTFOR4S? SAP Smart (orms is used to create and maintain 4orms 4or mass +rintin$ in SAP Systems-As out+ut medium SAP Smart (orms su++ort a +rinterA a 4axA e;mailA or t8e 0nternet 5by usin$ t8e $enerated EM& out+ut6SAP introduced Smart(orms in .**) to o1ercome t8e limitations in SAP Scri+ts- Smart(orms are easier to de1elo+A maintain and trans+ort t8an SAP Scri+tAdvanat !s o" S)art For)s
T8ey 8el+ ada+tin$ 4orms 2it8out any +ro$rammin$ ?no2led$e due to entirely $ra+8ical user inter4ace <8en acti1atin$ t8e smart 4orm t8e system automatically $enerates t8e 4unction module and at t8e runtime
To ma?e any c8an$es 2e 8a1e to use t8e #ra$ J #ro+A Cut J Paste- T8ese actions do not include 2ritin$ o4 codin$ lines or usin$ a scri+t lan$ua$e<e can insert static and dynamic tables- T8ese include t8e line 4eeds in t8e indi1idual table cellsA tri$$erin$ e1ents 4or table 8eadin$s and subtotals and sortin$ data be4ore out+utT8e smart 4orms allo2 t8e user to include $ra+8icsA 28ic8 can be dis+layed as a +art o4 t8e 4orm or as bac?$round $ra+8ics- #urin$ +rintout t8e user can su++ress t8e bac?$round $ra+8ic as and 28en necessary<eb Publis8in$ is +ossible usin$ t8e $enerated EM& out+ut
Di""!r!nc! b/* s)art"or)s and scri$ts8 Scri+t Smart4orms client de+endant inde+endant not +ossible multi+le +a$e 4ormats are +ossible com+ulsory 2it8out main 2indo2 it can labels are used labels cannot not $enerated once session created 4unction module
Scr!!ns in S4ARTFOR4S T8e screen is di1ided into t8ree sections; Navi ation *indo* consist o4 nodes and sub nodes- T8ey contain all t8e elements 5textA 2indo2 etc6 t8at belon$ to sa+ 4orms 4aint!nanc! *indo* s8o2s attributes o4 t8e elements For) $rint!r 2indo2 s8o2s t8e layout o4 t8e +a$e <8ene1er 2e create smart 4ormsA SAP creates!$enerates a 4unction module-3nli?e SAPscri+ts A SAP (ORMS allo2 you to c8an$e lan$ua$e-
0n t8e na1i$ation 2indo2 you 2ill 4ind 7&oba& Data D!c&arations , T8e #ata de4ined 8ere can be used t8rou$8out t8e smart4orm 4or codin$ +ur+osesFor) Int!r"ac! , :ere all t8e data 28ic8 2ill be +assed to t8e smart4orm 4rom t8e Print +ro$ram is de4inedRi$8t;Clic?in$ on t8e Pa$es 2ill allo2 creation o4 9e2 Pa$eA <indo2A 7ra+8ic or AddressPrintin$ 2ill ta?e +lace on t8e basis o4 Wnext +a$eH 4ieldBut +rocessin$ 2ill 8a++en as +er t8e se@uence in na1i$ation 2indo2\
4isc!&&an!ous Why did u s*itch to SAP? Ans Whi&! $ursuin #E I hav! on! thru a d!!$ study about so"t*ar! )ar2!t in *or&d8 I hav! "ound that th! "utur! o" any so"t*ar! &i!s in th! "act that ho* it can int!r rat! *ith oth!r t!chno&o i!s8 #cos int! ration is th! on&y $roc!ss *hich driv!s th! busin!ss in th! "utur!8 And SAP has th! $o*!r to int! rat! $!o$&!+ $roc!ss and in"or)ation in an !""ici!nt )ann!r8 I hav! a&so "ound that )or! and )or! co)$ani!s ar! i)$&!)!ntin SAP to run th!ir !nt!r$ris! busin!ss8 4or! o$$ortuniti!s ar! risin in ERP S!ctor8
What *i&& you cod! in START6OF6SE=ECTION G END6OF6SE=ECTON G *hy? Ans START;O(;SE&ECT0O9 SE&ECT B (ROM #EPTT 09TO CORRESPO9#097 (0E&#S O( 0TAB <:ERE #EPT9O 09 #EPT9OAPPE9# 0TABE9#SE&ECT&OOP AT 0TAB<R0TE , ! .0 0TAB;#EPT9O:0#E , 0TAB;#EPT9OE9#&OOPE9#;O(;SE&ECT0O9 What ar! 0oins and di""!r!nt ty$!s 0oins? Ans T8ere are 4our ty+es o4 Goins, .6 Sel4 Goin 26 0nner Goin 36 Outer Goin "6 E@ui Goin Which is th! d!"au&t 0oin? Ans 099ER GO09 What ar! E%tracts?
Ans Extracts are dynamic se@uential datasets in 28ic8 di44erent lines can 8a1e di44erent structures- <e can access t8e indi1idual records in an extract dataset usin$ a &OOPWhat is !t cursor "i!&d? Ans 7ET C3RSOR statement trans4ers t8e name o4 t8e screen element on 28ic8 t8e cursor is +ositioned durin$ a user action into t8e 1ariable 7ET C3RSOR (0E&# QO((SET R Q&09E R Q=A&3E R &E97T: RWhat ar! s!&!ct o$tions and *hat is th! di"" "ro) $ara)!t!rs? A9S,; select o+tions +ro1ide ran$es 28ere as +arameters do notSE&ECT;OPT0O9S declares an internal table 28ic8 is automatically 4illed 2it8 1alues or ran$es o4 1alues entered by t8e end user- (or eac8 SE&ECT;OPT0O9S A t8e system creates a selection tableSE&ECT;OPT0O9S VSE&O (OR V4ieldOA selection table is an internal table 2it8 4ields S079A OPT0O9A &O< and :07:T8e ty+e o4 &O< and :07: is t8e same as t8at o4 V4ieldOT8e S079 4ield can ta?e t8e 4ollo2in$ 1alues, 0 0nclusi1e 5s8ould a++ly6 E Exclusi1e 5s8ould not a++ly6 T8e OPT0O9 4ield can ta?e t8e 4ollo2in$ 1alues, EP E@ual 7T 7reater t8an 9E 9ot e@ual BT Bet2een &E &ess t8an or e@ual 9B 9ot bet2een &T &ess t8an CP Contains +attern 7E 7reater t8an or e@ual 9P 9o +atterndi44,; PARAMETERS allo2 users to enter a sin$le 1alue into an internal 4ield 2it8in a re+ortSE&ECT;OPT0O9S allo2 users to 4ill an internal table 2it8 a ran$e o4 1alues(or eac8 PARAMETERS or SE&ECT;OPT0O9S statement you s8ould de4ine text elements by c8oosin$ 7oto ; Text elements ; Selection texts ; C8an$eE$,; Parameters name530628en t8e user executes t8e ABAP!" +ro$ramAan in+ut 4ield 4or KnameK 2ill a++ear on t8e selection screen-Iou can c8an$e t8e comments on t8e le4t side o4 t8e in+ut 4ields by usin$ text elements as described in Selection TextsWhat is th! insid! conc!$t in s!&!ct6o$tions? Ans Select;o+tions s+eci4y are dis+layed on t8e selection screen 4or t8e user to enter 1alues#i44erent Pro+erties o4 Select;o+tions, .6 =isible &en$t8 26 Matc8code Object 36 Memory 0# "6 &o2ercase 6 Obli$atory %6 9o #is+lay '6 Modi4y 0# What is th! di""!r!nc! b!t*!!n Fr!! and R!"r!sh? Ans (ree ; Iou can use (REE to initiali/e an internal table and release its memory s+ace 2it8out 4irst usin$ t8e RE(RES: or C&EAR statement- &i?e RE(RES:A (REE 2or?s on t8e table bodyA not on t8e table 2or? area- A4ter a (REE statementA you can address t8e internal table a$ain- 0t still occu+ies t8e amount o4 memory re@uired 4or its 8eader 5currently 2 % bytes6- <8en you re4ill t8e tableA t8e system 8as to allocate ne2 memory s+ace to t8e linesRe4res8 ; T8is al2ays a++lies to t8e body o4 t8e table- As 2it8 t8e C&EAR statementA t8e memory used by t8e table be4ore you initiali/ed it remains allocated- To release t8e memory s+aceA use t8e statement Can *! hav! )or! than on! s!&!ction6scr!!n and ho*? Ans IesA 2e can 8a1e more t8an one selection screenSelection;screen be$in o4 bloc? 8oney 2it8 4rame title text;.0.Select;o+tions , de+tno 4or /re?8a>de+tt;de+tnoSelection;screen end o4 bloc? 8oneySelection;screen be$in o4 bloc? 8oney. 2it8 4rame title text;.02Select;o+tions , dname 4or /re?8a>de+tt;dnameSelection;screen end o4 bloc? 8oney.5o* to d!c&ar! s!&!ct6o$tion as a $ara)!t!r? Ans SE&ECT;OPT0O9S, s+eci4y are dis+layed on t8e selection screen 4or t8e user to enter 1aluesSelect;o+tions, dname 4or de+t;dname 9o Extensions 9o 0nter1als-
.?J/ What is CTS and *hat do you 2no* about it? Ans CTS stands 4or Correction and Trans+ort System- T8e CTS +ro1ides a ran$e o4 4unctions t8at 8el+ you to c8oose a trans+ort strate$y o+timally suited to your re@uirements- <e recommend t8at you 4ollo2 t8e trans+ort strate$y 28ile you +lan and set u+ your system landsca+eCorrection and Trans+ort System 5CTS6 is a tool t8at 8el+s you to or$ani/e de1elo+ment +rojects in t8e ABAP <or?benc8 and in Customi/in$A and t8en trans+ort t8e c8an$es bet2een t8e SAP Systems and clients in your system landsca+e- T8is documentation +ro1ides you 2it8 an o1er1ie2 o4 8o2 to mana$e c8an$es 2it8 t8e CTS and essential in4ormation on settin$ u+ your system and client landsca+e and decidin$ on a trans+ort strate$y- Read and 4ollo2 t8is documentation 28en +lannin$ your de1elo+ment +roject- (or +ractical in4ormation on 2or?in$ 2it8 t8e Correction and Trans+ort SystemA see Correction and Trans+ort Or$ani/er and Trans+ort Mana$ement System*rit! synta% "or 4!ssa ! Error -R!$ort/? Ans AT SE&ECT0O9;SCREE9SE&ECT B (ROM TREC:A>#EPTT 09TO CORRESPO9#097 (0E&#S O( 0TAB <:ERE #EPT9O 09 #EPT9OE9#SE&ECT04 SI;#BC9T N 0MESSA7E E000 <0T: W9O RECOR#S (O39#HE9#0(5o* can I co$y a standard tab&! to )a2! )y o*n FITA#=E? Ans 7o to transaction SE..- T8en t8ere is one o+tion to co+y table- Press t8at button- Enter t8e name o4 t8e standard table and in t8e Tar$et table enter T>table name and +ress enterWhat is th! tab&!+ *hich contain th! d!tai&s o" a&& th! na)! o" th! $ro ra)s and "or)s? Ans Table contains 1ertical and 8ori/ontal lines- <e can store t8e data in table as bloc?s- <e can scroll de+ends u+on your 2is8- And t8ese all are stored in database 5data dictionary6What ar! IDOCs? Ans 0#OCs are intermediate documents to 8old t8e messa$es as a container-
Co))on Tab&!s us!d by SAP 44 Belo2 are 4e2 im+ortant Common Tables used in Materials Mana$ement Modules, E09A Purc8asin$ 0n4o Record; 7eneral #ata E09E Purc8asin$ 0n4o Record; Purc8asin$ Or$ani/ation #ata MACT Material #escri+tions MARA 7eneral Material #ata MARC Plant #ata 4or Material MAR# Stora$e &ocation #ata 4or Material MAST Material to BOM &in? MBE< Material =aluation MCP( :eader; Material #ocument MSE7 #ocument Se$ment; Material M=ER Material Consum+tion M=CE Sales #ata 4or materials RCP( #ocument :eader; Reser1ation T023 Mat- $rou+s T02" Purc8asin$ 7rou+s T. % Mo1ement Ty+e T. ': :el+ Texts 4or Mo1ement Ty+es MO(( &ists 28at 1ie2s 8a1e not been created A 0. Plant!Material EBA9 Purc8ase Re@uisition EBC9 Purc8ase Re@uisition Account Assi$nment ECAB Release #ocumentation ECBE :istory +er Purc8asin$ #ocument ECET Sc8edulin$ A$reement Sc8edule &ines ECC9 Account Assi$nment in Purc8asin$ #ocument ECCO Purc8asin$ #ocument :eader
ECPO Purc8asin$ #ocument 0tem 0CP( :eader; P8ysical 0n1entory #ocument 0SE7 P8ysical 0n1entory #ocument 0tems &(A. =endor Master 57eneral section6 &(B. =endor Master 5Com+any Code6 9R0= 9umber ran$e inter1als RESB Reser1ation!de+endent re@uirements T.%.T Texts 4or Purc8asin$ #ocument Ty+es
(ollo2in$ are t8e list o4 0m+ortant MM tables- Please c8ec? i4 its use4ul0n1entory Mana$ement, ];;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;] ] ] Table ] #escri+tion ] ];;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;] ] Material ] MSE7 ] Material document ! transaction details ] ] #ocument!Mo1ements ] MCP( ] Material document 8eader in4ormation ] ];;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;] ] Material Stoc? Balances ] MAR# ] Material stoc? ] ] ] MBE< ] Material stoc? 2it8 1aluation ] ];;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;] ] Sales Order Stoc? ] MSCA ] Stoc? balance 2it8 associated sales ] ] ] ] order data ] ];;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;] ] Stoc? Trans+ort ] EC3B ] 0ndex 4or Stoc? Trans+ort Orders 4or ] ] ] M#3B ] Material ] ] ] ] Readin$ =ie2 o4 Stoc? Trans+ort Ord- 4or] ] ] ] Release Ord] ];;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;] ] S+ecial Stoc?s ] MCO& ] Consi$nmentA material +ro1ided to ] ] ] ] 1endorA etc] ];;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;] Material Master #ata, ];;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;] ] ]Table ] #escri+tion ] ];;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;] ] Materials ] MARA ] 7eneral #ataA material ty+eA $rou+A ] ] ] ] con4i$urable J batc8 ind] ] ] MACT ] S8ort TextsA descri+tions ] ] ] MARM ] Con1ersion (actors ] ] ] M=CE ] Sales Or$A distribution c8annel ] ] ] M&A9 ] Sales dataA tax indicatorA tax ] ] ] MARC ] classi4ication ] ] ] MBE< ] Plant Plannin$ #ata ] ] ] M&79 ] =aluation #ata ] ] ] M&7T ] <are8ouse Mana$ement 0n1entory #ata ] ] ] M=ER ] <are8ouse Mana$ement Stora$e Ty+e ] ] ] MAPR ] #ata ] ] ] MAR# ] Consum+tion #ata ] ] ] MC:A ] Pointer 4or (orecast #ata ] ] ] MC:B ] Stora$e location data 2it8 stoc? ] ] ] ] balances ] ] ] ] Batc8es ] ] ] ] Batc8 Stoc?s ] ];;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;;D;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;]

SAP ABAP Interview Question423351358753475..

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SAP ABAP Interview Question423351358753475..

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SAP ABAP INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Why SAP? Ans :i$8ly con4i$urable-

Disadvanta !s o" SAP? Ans Ex+ensi1e-

9ot 1ery 4lexible#i44icult in customi/in$-

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Main disad1anta$es +ro+rietaryA runnin$ only on SAP ser1ers

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

A#AP WOR1#ENC5 -SE3;/

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

2"6 2 6 2%6 2'6 2)6 2*6 306

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

E%$&ain int!rna& tab&! *ith and *ithout h!ad!r?

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

SCREEN PAINTER -SED./

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Wh!r! do u cod! th! 5IDE stat!)!nt? Ans 0n a &OOP statement

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Basic &ist Statistics Ran?ed &ist

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

in t8e database 8ierarc8y-

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

Compiled By Pankaj Pravin

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E%$&ain int!rna& tab&! ith and ithout h!ad!r?