IIT Mandi

School of Basic Sciences

IC-121:Mechanics of particles and waves
Tutorial 3
1) A certain oscillator satisfy the the equation x+4 x=0 . Initially the particle is at the point
x=.3 when it is projected toward the origin with speed . Show that the su!sequent
"otion is gi#en !y the equation x=.3cos t sin t . $educe the a"plitude of the
oscillation. %ow long it will ta&e the particle to first reach the origin'
) Arri#e at equation of "otion for a si"ple pendulu" fro" principle of conser#ation of energy
with length of the pendulu" l and ha#ing "ass m . (he pendulu" is released fro" and
angle 0 to the #ertical.
3) In the pro!le" "entioned a!o#e find the equations of "otion fro" !alancing of the !alance of
torques.
4) A "ass m oscillate on a spring with spring constant k . (he a"plitude is d at t =0 .
At the "o"ent when the "ass is at position x=d/ while "o#ing right it collides and stic&s
to another "ass ". )hat is the a"plitude of the new oscillation.
*) A particle of "ass * &g "o#es along the x direction under the influence of two forces
1) A force toward the origin with the #alue 40 /m and a frictional forces of 00 for
v=10"/ s . +et
x(t =0)=0m
and #elocity x(t =0)=0"/ s
. ,ind the differential
equation of "otion- and the solution of the pro!le". ,ind also a"plitude- period and frequency
of the #i!ration- ratio.s of two successi#e a"plitudes.
/) An o#er da"ped har"onic oscillator satisfies the equation x+10 x+1/0=0 At ti"e t =0
the particle is projected fro" the point x=1 toward the origin with speed u . ,ind the
solution of the pro!le". Show that the particle will reach the origin at so"e later ti"e t if
u
u1
=e
/t
. %ow large "ust u such that the particle pass through the origin'
2) (he e0ponential da"ping factor of a spring of a suspension syste" is one tenth of the
critical #alue. If the da"ping frequency is
o
0
- 3a) find the resonance frequency 3!) quality
factor 3c)phase angle - when the syste" is dri#en at a frequency
o=o
0
/
- 3d) steady
state a"plitude of this frequency.
1) A critically da"ped oscillator with natural frequency o and da"ping coefficient starts
at position
x
0
>0
. )hat is the "a0i"u" initial speed directed toward the origin and not to
cross origin'
4) ,ind the dri#en response of the of the da"ped linear oscillator for the case in which dri#ing
force !(t ) is periodic with period n and ta&es the #alues i
!(t )=!
0
n the inter#al
(0t n) and
!(t )=!
0
in the inter#al (nt n) .
10) A particle " of "ass 3" is suspended fro" a fi0ed point # !y a light linear spring with
strength o A second particle $ of "ass " is in turn suspended fro" " !y a second
spring of sa"e strength . (he syste" "o#es in the #ertical straight line through # . ,ind the
nor"al frequencies and the for" of nor"al "odes of the syste".
11) 5onsider two "asses m connected to each other and to two walls !y springs. (he three
springs ha#e the sa"e spring constant k . ,ind the "ost general solution for the positions of
"asses as function to ti"e. )hat are the nor"al coordinates' )hat are nor"al "odes'
1) $eri#e the equation of "otion for syste" of n springs of spring constant & connected to
each other !y a "ass point ha#ing "ass m . +et the length of the each spring !e h !y
!alancing of the forces on each "ass. 60press the equation of "otion in ter"s of in ter"s of
the total length of the syste" % effecti#e spring constant & total "ass of the n "asses
M . In the li"it of the distance !etween "asses approaches 7ero show that this equation of
"otion lead to wa#e equation

u( x 't )
t

=
& %

u( x 't )
x