Following are the activities which may lead to accidents while doing the ICCP anode changes, both

in dry docks and under water diving operations.

1. Working in the confines spaces such as water ballast tanks, shaft tunnel and fore peak stores Risk involved are the general risks of confined spaces, slippery and muddy surfaces, inclined and irregular surfaces, working at cofferdams at heights etc. 2. Mobilization of tools and material to confined area such as water ballast tanks, shaft tunnel and fore peak store Risk involved are accidents while transferring tools and other material of approx. 35 Kg through the slippery, inclined and muddy surface of the tank interior, and while transferring through steep vertical ladders and hatches. 3. Hot and cold work involved in opening the rusted cofferdam cover bolts such as drilling, chipping, hammering on chisels to cut the bolts, use of hydraulic and mechanical cutters etc. Cofferdam covers which are in the ballast tanks are normally are secured with MS bolts of 30 spanner size and rusted. Opening of such bolts by employing general tools such as spanners, wrenches and cutters have been found unsuccessful. The possible way of opening such bolts which is now followed is to perform a high power hammering, by hand, using sharp chisels. Such operation within the tank, on a slippery, muddy, inclined and high surfaces are risky and may lead to accidents. 4. Communication between divers and ICCP technicians There is no any standard mode of communication between the divers and the technicians while working with anodes inside the ballast tanks and shaft tunnels. The existing way adopted is to borrow radio handsets from the vessel (which is often denied at ports due to increased equipment of radio handsets during cargo operations). Radio sets can only establish a communication between diver assistant who is on the jetty or the boat, and the technicians in the shaft tunnel. Communication between the technicians who are inside the ballast tanks are possible only by employing more than two handsets manned at different locations which can cause a communication gap. In any case a direct communication between the diver who is in water and the technician who is working with the cofferdams is impossible, by using the existing methods. Risk involved are the flow of fire during under water welding along with the water into the cofferdams which can cause a burn injury of the personnel, and hand and face injury of the technicians when the divers are pushing their tools and anode cable into the hull boss. The toxicity of the underwater epoxy resin which is used by the divers too is another concern. 5. Hot and cold work involved in opening the damaged brass cable glands using chisels and hammers, screw outs etc., while leaking with sea water at a head up to 30 meters The brass cable glands used in the cofferdams are often broken during removal, due to its aging and the broken piece has to be removed from the hull boss prior to fitment of the new cable gland. There is no standard tools which could be obtained from the local market so far and the practices

employed as of now, by the experts mechanics of Nico is to employ hammers, chisels, metallic wedges etc. The work has to be performed while facing the high pressure water jet towards the face of the person who is working. Use of goggles to perform such operations is not feasible as the water drops will blank the vision and a precise work cannot be done. Risk involved is injury of eyes and physical injury while doing cold work in a vision impaired state 6. Failure to arrest the water leakage through hull cofferdams in the water ballast tanks and shaft tunnel. Possibility of removal of the broken cable glands inside the limited space of cofferdams are not always guaranteed and there is a risk involved in arresting the water leakage through hull penetration. The remedial measure which can be employed is to weld and blank off the boss by the divers and the same would lead to a permanent un serviceability of the ICCP till next dry docking. 7. Handling of chemicals such as sealants, di electric resin etc. Risk involved is the chemical hazards while handling toxic material 8. Working at heights on the hull, in the water ballast tanks, shaft tunnel and on the ICCP anodes and reference electrodes at dry dock. Risk involved are the physical injuries due to falling from height 9. Hot and cold work involved in opening the damaged anodes or reference electrodes on the hull, using chisels and hammers, screw outs etc., in dry-docks Risk involved are the physical injury during hot and cold works 10. Transferring of material to high places of working Risk involved are falling of heavy material and subsequent material loss and physical injury 11. Working on slippery surfaces at water ballast tanks and shaft tunnel Risk involved are the physical injuries due to slipping and falling 12. Working with electrical equipment Risk involved are the electrical shock and fire 13. working in hot season Risk involved are the fatigue, de hydration etc.