1.

) what is constitution: is a set of fundamental principles or establis hed precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed The Laws in the land is governed by a constitut ion it is written instrument in which the fundamen tal powers of the government to govern are establi shed, defined, as well as limited. It is written in the constitution how the powe rs are being distributed among the several departm ents of the government 2.) what is constitution as applied to the philippi ne constitution popularly known as the 1987 Constitution, is t he constitution or the supreme law of the Republic of the Philippines. It was enacted in 1987, d uring the administration of President Corazon C. A quino 3.) kinds of constitution Written constitution (Codified) ;Rigid -constitution where the provisions are all contained in a single document Unwritten constitution (Uncodified) ;Flexible -constitution where the provisions are no t contained in a single document,but many differen t sources, some written,some unwrit ten. *Conventional/Enacted Constitution -constitution that was created through a c onstitutional convention; this convention is called to be able to d raft the constitution

*Cumulatative/Evolve Constitution -constitution that is developed as a part of the history of a particular nation; was not created through a national conven tion *Rigid/Inelastic Constitution -constitution that cannot be easily amend ed unless the constitution itself provides the par ticular amendment - need special procedures (laws) to make a ny changes *Flexible/Elastic Constitution -constitution that can easily be changed -can be changed according to the normal la w-making process 4.) Classification of constitution a.) According to the form by which constitution s are embodied (how it appears) -Written -Unwritten b.) According to the mode of amendment/Mehod of changing the constitution -Flexible -Rigid c.) According to the form of the government; b ased on the nature and form of the state and its g overnance -Federal Constitution -Unitary Constitution -Presidential Constitution -Parliamentary Constitution -Aristocratic Constitution

-Democratic state Constitution -Dictatorial Constitution d.) According to the political system of the st ate -Monoparty (Socialistic) Constitution -Multiparty (Liberal) Constitution 5.) Qualities of written constitution * Flexibility A written constitution needs to be a living d ocument, as it is designed to last for the entire lifetime of the nation, which should ideally b e in the hundred of years. * Supremacy A written constitution needs to be a supreme in order to be effective. * Value-Based A written constitution is different than a set of laws; it is substantially less flexible than l aws are, as it reflects the values that laws are b ased on rather than laws themselves so it needs to establish the values that government holds and ru les that need to be followed when passing laws * Simplicity It should be short, concise and written in a m anner that is clear enough for anyone of voting ag e to quickly comprehend. A constitution applies to everyone in a country, so everyone in the country should be able to read and understand it. 6.) Essential Parts of written constitution

a.) Constitution of Liberty It consist of a series of prescriptions settin g forth the fundamental civil and political rights of the citizens and imposing limitations on th e powers of gov't as means of securing the enjoyme nt of those right b.) Constitution of Government It consists of a series of provisions outlini ng the org. of the gov't,enumerating its powers, l aying down certain rules relative to its administ ration,and defining the electorate. c.) Constitution of Sovereignty Its consists of the provisions pointing out th e mode or procedure in accordance with which forma l changes in the fundamental law may be brought ab out. 7.) Amendments or revision of constitution

8.) Procedure for amendment/revision of constitutio n Section 1. Any amendment to, or revision of, this C onstitution may be proposed by: (1) The Congress, upon a vote of three-fo urths of all its Members; or (2) A constitutional convention. Section 2. Amendments to this Constitution may lik ewise be directly proposed by the people through i nitiative upon a petition of at least twelve per c entum of the total number of registered voters, of which every legislative district must be represen ted by at least three per centum of the registered voters therein. No amendment under this section s hall be authorized within five years following the

ratification of this Constitution nor oftener tha n once every five years thereafter. The Congress shall provide for the implementation o f the exercise of this right. Section 3. The Congress may, by a vote of two-thir ds of all its Members, call a constitutional conve ntion, or by a majority vote of all its Members, s ubmit to the electorate the question of calling su ch a convention. Section 4. Any amendment to, or revision of, this Constitution under Section 1 hereof shall be valid when ratified by a majority of the votes cast in a plebiscite which shall be held not earlier than sixty days nor later than ninety days after the ap proval of such amendment or revision. Any amendment under Section 2 hereof shall be vali d when ratified by a majority of the votes cast in a plebiscite which shall be held not earlier than sixty days nor later than ninety days after the c ertification by the Commission on Elections of the sufficiency of the petition.

9.) Parts of constitution a.) preamble b.) articles c.) constitutional amendments 10.) What is state is an organized community living under one gove rnment