1051 Assignment 1

Due Friday 9th August 2013, 12 noon

Write your name, student number, tutors name, tutorial group (T1, T2, . . . ) and tutorial time clearly on the top of the front page of your assignment. Staple the pages of your assignment. Locate the box on level 3 of building 67 corresponding to your tutorial group. Place your assignment there by the indicated deadline. Late assignments will not be accepted. Write your answers clearly. Illegible assignments will not be marked. Show all your working. Correct answers without justication will not receive full marks.

Question 1. (a) Let z = 7 + 4i and w = 8 i. (i) Write z/w in the form a + bi for some real numbers a, b. (ii) Write z and w in polar form. You may use a calculator to nd their arguments (in radians). (iii) Calculate z/w using the polar form of z , w. Does it agree with (i)? 6 Marks

(b) Let a, b, c, d be integers. Let u = a + bi, v = c + di. By calculating |uv |2 , nd integers s and t for which (a2 + b2 )(c2 + d2 ) = s2 + t2 . [Hint: You may use the fact that |uv | = |u| |v |.] Hence write 17 29 = 493 as a sum of two squares of integers. 6 Marks Solution: (a)(i) 52 + 39i 7 + 4i 8 + i (7 + 4i)(8 i) 1 4 3 7 + 4i = = = (4 + 3i) = + i. = 8i 8i 8+i 82 + 12 65 5 5 5 i i (ii) z = 65e , w = 65e where = arctan(4/7) 0.5191, = arctan(1/8) 0.1244. (iii) z/w = ei() e0.6435i = cos(0.6435) + i sin(0.6435) 0.8 + 0.6i, in agreement with (a). This can be proved rigorously using trig identities. [The fact that |z/w| = 1 means that z/w lies on the unit circle, and z and w are the same distance from the origin.] (b) uv = (a+bi)(c+di) = (acbd)+(ad+bc)i, so |uv |2 = (acbd)2 +(ad+bc)2 . Let s = ac bd, t = ad + bc . Then (a2 + b2 )(c2 + d2 ) = |z |2 |w|2 = |uv |2 = s2 + t2 . Clearly 17 = 42 + 12 , 29 = 52 + 22 so take a = 4, b = 1, c = 5, d = 2, so s = 20 2, t = 8 + 5, so 493 = 132 + 182 works. Question 2. In 1974 Philippe Petit rigged a steel cable between the roofs of the Twin Towers of the

World Trade Center in New York, and walked between them. Assume the towers had square cross sections with sides aligned north/south and east/west and one tower directly north of the other. The roof levels of the north tower and south towers were 417m and 415m respectively. Assume the cable was anchored at point A on the lower (south) roof, and B on the higher (north) roof. To reduce the incline of the cable, B was not directly north of A but was 6m further east. Let be the angle at A between (i) the cable and (ii) a guide line from A due north and parallel to the ground. If = 6 nd the horizontal distance between the towers. 8 Marks

Solution: Set up coordinate axes with origin A, the x axis east/west, the y axis north/south and z axis pointing vertically up. Let v be the vector pointing along the cable and w the vector along the guide line 6 0 and the angle between v and w. Then v = d and w = d . Let d be the distance between 2 0 the towers. Then vw d d2 cos = = = 2 2 2 v w d 6 +d +2 40 + d2 Squaring, d2 = (40 + d2 ) cos2 , so d2 (1 cos2 ) = 40 cos2 , so d = 2 10 cot 60. [This can also be derived using trigonometry.] So the towers are 60m apart.