HW #3 /Tutorial #3

WWWR Chapter 18
ID Chapter 5
Tutorial # 3
WWWR #18.12
( ddi i l d h
Homework # 3 (Self
practice)
(additional data: h =
6W/m
2
-K), 18.2, 18.4,
18.19, 18.15, 18.23.
WWWR #18.18,
18.27.
To be discussed during the
week 30 Jan. 3 Feb.,
2012
ID # 5.5, 5.8.
2012.
By either volunteer or
class list.
Unsteady-State Conduction Unsteady State Conduction
Transient Conduction Analysis
T
-
c q
T
T
o + V =
c
2
p
C t c
Spherical metallic specimen, initially at uniform temperature, T
0
E b l i Energy balance requires
Large value of Bi
Indicates that the conductive resistance controls Indicates that the conductive resistance controls
There is more capacity for heat to leave the surface by convection
than to reach it by conduction
S ll l f Bi Small value of Bi
Internal resistance is negligibly small
More capacity to transfer heat by conduction than by convection
Example 1 (WWWR Page 266)
A long copper wire, 0.635cm in diameter, is
exposed to an air stream at a temperature of p p
310K. After 30 s, the average temperature
of the wire increased from 280K to 297K.
Using this information, estimate the average
surface conductance, h. ,
Example 1
Heating a Body Under Conditions Heating a Body Under Conditions
of Negligible Surface Resistance
BC(1)
IC
BC(2)
BC (1) -> C
1
=0
BC (2) > /L
V/A = (WHL)/(2WH)=L/2
BC (2) -> = nt/L
F
o
= ot/(L/2)
2
IC -> Fourier expansion of Y
o
(x) ..>
Equation (18-12) Engineering
Mathematics: PDE
Detailed Derivation for Equations 18-12, 18-13
Courtesy by all CN5 students, presented by Lim
Zhi Hua, 2003-2004
Detailed Derivation for Equations 18-12, 18-13
Courtesy by all CN5 students, presented by Lim Zhi Hua, 2003-2004
Example 2
Heating a Body with Finite Heating a Body with Finite
Surface and Internal Resistance
Heat Transfer to a Semi-Infinite
W ll Wall
Temperature-Time Charts for Temperature Time Charts for
Simple Geometric Shapes
Example 3
Fi F 4 or Figure F.4
Example 4
WWWR 18-12; 18-13 WWWR 18 12; 18 13
WWWR 18-16 WWWR 18 16
(a) T=Ts @ x =0 WWWR 18-20
(b) -k dT/dx = h (T-T) @ x =0
WWWR 18-21
Transient (Unsteady State) Conduction Summary

i) Calculate Biot Modulus (Bi)

( )
V
h
Courtesy contribution by ChBE Year
( )
k
A
V
h
Bi =

if Bi 0.1
Lumped Parameter Analysis
Courtesy contribution by ChBE Year
Representative, 2006.


|
|
.
|

\
|

T T
T T
tA
V c
h
o
p
ln

if Bi 100
Th i t t i ti ithi th bj t If th t f th lid bj t There is temperature variation within the object. If the geometry of the solid objects
falls into the 6 shapes given in Fig. 18.3
Use figure 18.3 to calculate the temperature at the specific time.

Calculate
|
|
.
|

\
|

T T
T T
o
or
2
x
t o

|
.

\


T T
1
x

And read off
2
1
x
t o
or
|
|
.
|

\
|

T T
T T
o


To find t or T

if 0.1 Bi 100
Use appendix F of W
3
R ( refer to examples 18.3 and 18.4)
Using Y =
|
|
|

T T
X =
2
t o
Using Y
|
|
.

\

o
T T
X
2
1
x
n =
1
x
x
m =
1
hx
k


ii) Slab Heating

Heating of Body under negligible surface resistance.
Check Bi no. and let m = 0.

Heating a body with finite surface and internal resistance Heating a body with finite surface and internal resistance

0 =
c
c
x
T
(At centerline) and ( )

=
c
c
T T
k
h
x
T
(At surface)

iii) Heat transfer into a semi infinite wall )

Different from (ii) because there is no defined length scale

Use Appendix L

For Heat transfer into a semi infinite medium with negligible surface resistance For Heat transfer into a semi infinite medium with negligible surface resistance


|
|
.
|

\
|
=

t
x
erf
T T
T T
o S
S
o 2
or
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

t
x
erf
T T
T T
o S
o
o 2
1

For Heat transfer into a semi infinite medium with finite surface resistance For Heat transfer into a semi infinite medium with finite surface resistance

(
(

|
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ +
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

t
x
k
t h
erf
k
t h
k
hx
t
x
erf
T T
T T
o
o
o o
o 2
1 exp
2
2
2
(18 21)