DavidNash EngineeringTech4

Outline
Background/Stats Reasonsforouraction FHWAMemoranda LADOTDActionsandDecisions(Bridge

Maintenance) ProgressReport(Projects,Methodology)

NatlBackground&Stats
590,000highwaybridgesintheU.S.National

BridgeInventory 484,500areoverwater 20,904arescourcritical 14,000bridgesinLouisianadatabase 4,127bridgesratedU 1,140bridgesrated3

SI&AGuide

Provides

guidancein evaluatingand codingspecific bridgedata

Item113 Scour

CriticalBridge Rating

Item113 ScourCriticalBridges
8 Bridgefoundationsdeterminedtobestablefortheassessedor
casewherebridgehasnotyetbeenevaluatedforscourpotential) forassessedorcalculatedscourconditions calculatedscourcondition.Scourisdeterminedtobeabovetopoffooting

6 Scourcalculation/evaluationhasnotbeenmade.(Useonlytodescribe 3 Bridgeisscourcritical;bridgefoundationsdeterminedtobeunstable N Bridgenotoverwaterway

U Bridgewith"unknown"foundationthathasnotbeenevaluatedfor

scour.Untilriskcanbedetermined,aplanofactionshouldbedeveloped andimplementedtoreducetherisktousersfromabridgefailureduring andimmediatelyafterafloodevent

consideredlowrisk.

T Bridgeovertidalwatersthathasnotbeenevaluatedforscour,but

Scour?

TypesofScour
LocalScour removalofsedimentfromaroundbridge

piersorabutments
ContractionScour removalofsedimentfromthe

bottomandsidesofacreek,streamorriver
Degradational Scour removalofsedimentfromthe

riverbottombythenaturalflowofariver

SchoharieCreekBridgeCollapseduetoscour FHWATechnicalAdvisoryT5140.23
Requiredstatestoevaluateexistingbridgesforscour RequiredallDOTstodevelopPlansofActionforvulnerabletoscour

FHWAMemoranda
January9,2008 Providedguidanceanddeadline(November2010)for

eliminatingthepopulationofbridgeshavingunknownfoundations
June3,2009 DeemeditacceptabletohaveabridgecodedUforSI&A

item113afterNovember2010aslongasaPOAwasdeveloped

Compliance

SchoharieCreekBridge
FinaldesignacceptedinJanuary1952 Bridgedesigncalledforfivespanssupportedbyconcretepier

frameswhichconsistedoftaperedcolumnsandtiebeams Columnswerefixedintoalightlyreinforcedplinth,whichrested onashallowreinforcedspreadfootingdesignedtobeprotected bydryriprap Bridgeopenedtotrafficinfall1954

SchoharieCreekBridgeContd
1 1 2.5' 27.75' 57'
Symmetrical about C L

27.75'

Deck

M ain G irder

S lo p e d E m b an km e n t
Stringer at 8'-6" o.c. Bearing 7'-0" sq Column 0'-0" deep 5'-0" wide X1 Tie Beam Floor Beam at approx. 20' o.c. Cantilever Floor Beam Ends

N O R T H R ip rap S lo p e d E m b an km e n t

Knee Brace

W e s tA b u tm e n t F lo w
PIER 1 PIER 2 PIER 3 PIER 4

E a s t A b u tm e n t

Column

Plinth Reinforcement

Plinth

1 00' S P A N1

1 1 0' S P A N2

1 20' S P A N3

1 1 0' S P A N4

1 00' S P A N5

Footing Figure 1 - Pier Section ( after "Collapse," 1 987 )

F ig u re2 - S ch e m atic p lano fb rid g e( afte r "C o llap s e ," 1 987 )

Observations
6inchesofrainfall

combinedwith snowmeltproduced 50yearflood morningofApril5, 1987causing collapse

100yr.flood

experienced1year aftercompletion

SchoharieCreekContd

SchoharieCreekContd

HereinLouisiana
1990s Beganassessingbridgesforscour

susceptibility. BridgeswithoutplansratedU Unknown Keepinganeyeontheuncertainones. 2002 5,460UnknownFoundations Exploredthemanymethodsbeingusedand recommendedbyFHWA

ForAGoodCause
FHWAJanuary2008Mandate November2010 targetdateforeliminating

bridgeswithunknownfoundationsfromthe NBI
Ifstructuresratedscourcriticalremain,theremustbeaPOA

createdforthem.

LouisianaScour
BayouAnacoco HickoryBranch

Bogue Chitto ReliefSystem

WhatHaveWEDone ?
1990s LADOTDbeganassessingbridgesforscour

susceptibility. BridgeswithoutplansratedU Unknown Keepinganeyeontheuncertainones.

Research
In2003LADOTDwasapproachedbyFDHSE,Inc. SpecializedinDispersiveWavemethodology Othermethodsavailableincluded; ParallelSeismic Crossboreholelogging SonicEcho

PilotProject
107Bridgesweretested 11Controlstructures

DistributionofTestSites

Results
Inconsistencyinresultsforsteelpiles Someerrorsintimberpiles,duetopoorselectionof

timberpiles 2.69% Averageerrorforconcretepiles ParallelSeismictestingwouldbeusedforsteelpiles

IntentionsforDataUsage
BridgeScouranalysistobeconducted ScourSusceptibilityratedbasedonpredictedscour

and(3)testedpilelengthsperbridge Decreasenumberofbridgeswithunknown foundations Construct/ImplementPlansOfActionforall structuresstillratedU

CurrentTesting
LADOTDcontractedFDHSE,Inc.totest1248

concreteandtimberpiles(1156bridges) FDHandLADOTDagreedthatparallelseismicNDT wouldbedoneforallsteelpiles StateProjectNo.700990499(Phase1and2Analysis)

900bridges

50%timber 42%concrete 8%steel

UnknownFoundationsElimination
CategoryA:composedofbridgesthatareactively

scouringorhaveexistingscourholes
CategoryB:composedofbridgesthathavehad

inactivescourinseveralyears.CatBalsoincludes bridgeswithdriftproblems
CategoryC:composedofbridgesthathavehadno

measuredscouroverthelast20years(alsoincludes thosebuiltafter2000)

LADOTDMandateResponse
CategorydefinitionsweredevelopedbasedonFunctionalClassification(I26),ADT(I29),

andDetourLength(I19). Sometargetdatesarebelow.

November30,2010 AllBridgesstillcodedUshallhaveaPOAdevelopedand

implemented(4000bridges)

November30,2010 Obtainafinalapprovedactionplanfortheeliminationof

UnknownFoundationsfromFHWA

December31,2011 CompletionofallbridgeevaluationsforbridgesinCategoryA December31,2013 CompletionofallbridgeevaluationsforbridgesinCategoryB December31,2014 Completionofallbridgeevaluationscurrentlyundercontractand

evaluationofbridgesthathavepreviouspilelengthtestingcompleted.(1621bridges)

December31,2015 CompletionofallbridgeevaluationsforbridgesinCategoryC.

Sometimes,youhavetolookunderground