C++ Quick Reference Guide Basics (General): Standard Includes:

#include "stdafx.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; int main() { return 0; }

Print: cout << System Beep: cout << "\a"; User Input: cin >> Convert String to Int: intname = atio(stringname); Wait for User Input at end of program
char f; cin>>f ; return 0;

Functions:
void myfunc(int anint = 2, int int2, bool bool1); // Delares myfunc before main and allows it to pass 2 ints and and a boolean. Also creates a default value for anint. If no value is passed trhough it will = 2. int main() { int x = 5; bool alive; alive = true; myfunc(x, 0 ,

alive); //Call myfunc and pass the integer x, nothing for in2 and boolean alive

char f; //returns to main cin>>f ; return 0; }

void myfunc(int y, int {

, bool alive2) //Recive x from main and calls it y, recives 0 and does nothing, revives alive and names it alive2

cout << y << endl; cout << alive2; } system("cls"); //Clears Screen

Variable Types: Bool: True or False Float: Smaller Decimal Double: Large Decimal Int: Integer Char: One single character (place char in (x) ) Unsigned or Signed Variables Const: Always same Operators: +, -, *, /, % (Mod: Remainder), ++, --, +=, -=, *=, /=, %= ?:
int a = 10; int b = 10; (a = b) ? cout << "True" : cout << "Not True";

&(plus variable name): Get the memory address of the variable. Example (cout << &x;) Logical Operators: &&: And ||: Or !: Not !=: Not Equal Use () to enclose bits of code in if statements (Order of operations) Scope and Visibility

Scope: Variables limited to code block where it was created. Visibility: {int x = 5; {cout << x; //its 5 Int x = 20; Cout << x //its 20 } Cout << x ;} //Its 5 Loops Variables work in sub-scopes but if overridden becomes new then when out of scope becomes old value.

break ; // Stops loop continue ; // Stops loop and returns to beginning For Loop
for (declare one or many variables of same type ; Boolean Evaluation ; Take an action) { } for (double counter = 0 ;counter <= 100 { cout << Hello World << endl ; } ; counter++ )

While Loop
while (x == 1) { cout << number << endl ; }

Do While
do { cout << number << endl ; } while (x == 1)

Switch Use for when you have a lot of if statements

int choice = 0; cin >> choice;

switch (choice) { case 1: //action; break; default: //do if all else fails; }

Classes Create own variable types.

class bob { public: bob() //This is the constructor function that will be run every time time a new instance of the class is created { //Here you would put the inported variables from the createation of the instance into the private variables } void Attack (); //Define this function private: string name; int health; }; int main () { return 0; } void bob::Attack() // the "::" is called the scope resolution operator { //Define this method function }

Arrays Create strings of variables of the same type

int x [10] = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 }; // Creates the array and initialize 10 variables cout << x [0] << endl; // x [0] = 1 cout << x [1] << endl; // x [2] = 2

cout << x [3] << endl; // x [3] = 4

Strings
#include <string> // include for accces of class string int main() { string y = "ABCD"; // create a string with ABCD cout << y; // Print ABCD To screen }

Spread Program over Multiple Files Use header(.h) files to for all of the definitions of classes, functions etc. Use C++(.cpp) files for the actual code for the functions. However, by default, header files are not compiled therefore you must include all of the definitions of the classes, functions etc. in your .cpp file. This is done by using the include keyword then putting the name of the header in quotes. Again this should be done at the beginning of .ccp files.
#include "myheaderfilename.h"

Include all header files in your main.cpp file.

SEE NEXT PAGE FOR EXAMPLE - - - - >

This code is an example of a C++ program over multiple files

Note: #include "stdafx.h" in all source files

MAIN.cpp
#include "myheader.h" #include "stdafx.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; myclass::sayhi() myfunc();

myheader.h
include <iostream> using namespace std; class myclass { public: void sayhi(); }; void myfunc();

mycode.cpp
#include "myheader.h" #include "stdafx.h" void myclass::sayhi() { cout << "in my class"; } void myfunc() { cout << "in my func"; }

Pointers:

Creating a Pointer:
int x = 0; //Declare A variable int * ptr; //Create a pointer of same type (Use * after type) ptr = & x; //Use & symbol to get memory address of variable and put it in the pointer cout << *x; //Will print out 0 myfunc(ptr); //Call myfunc and send the pointer for x. use *x to acces the variable x in myfunc

Random:
#include <cstdlib> #include <time.h> for ( int x = 0 ; x < 100 ; x++) { srand((unsigned)time(0)); int randomint = rand(); cout << randomint << endl; }